Cooling structures, motors and transportation equipment

Abstract

This application discloses a cooling structure, a motor, and transportation equipment, relating to the field of transportation technology. The cooling structure includes an annular shell and an annular sleeve. The sidewall of the annular shell has a channel structure for forming a flow channel for coolant. The annular sleeve has a receiving cavity, and one end of the annular sleeve facing the annular shell has an installation port and a flow port respectively communicating with the receiving cavity. The installation port is for the end of the winding to extend into, and the flow port communicates with the flow channel. The receiving cavity of the annular sleeve can be used to introduce coolant to cool the end of the winding, while the flow channel can dissipate heat from the middle of the winding, improving heat dissipation efficiency. Furthermore, the cooling structure allows for localized cooling through the annular sleeve, reducing the need for insulation and oil-resistant treatment of the middle of the winding when the end of the winding is being insulated and oil-resistant. Compared to full immersion cooling, the total amount of coolant is reduced through the annular sleeve, lowering the overall weight and economic cost of the motor.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of transportation technology, and in particular to a cooling structure, an electric motor, and transportation equipment. Background Technology

[0002] Transportation devices such as flying cars require high power density from high-speed motors; furthermore, motors are currently typically integrated with motor controllers and reducers, resulting in a very compact motor structure. This places even greater demands on the thermal design of high-speed motors, which already generate significant heat and are difficult to dissipate. Cooling technologies for motors in the new energy vehicle and drone sectors primarily include air cooling, water cooling, and oil cooling.

[0003] For high-power-density motors such as high-speed motors, most companies are considering using oil cooling technology, which offers high heat dissipation efficiency. Oil cooling is a direct cooling method that effectively reduces motor temperature. However, current full-immersion oil cooling and spray oil cooling technologies place very high demands on the oil resistance of the motor's insulation system, meaning extremely high resistance to oil corrosion. Furthermore, full-immersion oil cooling increases the amount of cooling oil, increasing weight and economic costs. Some companies use simple oil channel cooling, but this method has lower heat dissipation efficiency and can lead to uneven cooling, meaning that areas where the cooling oil cannot directly contact the windings in the slots and the stator core may experience higher temperatures. During high-power operation, the motor may overheat, significantly impacting its performance and lifespan.

[0004] Therefore, it is evident that for high-speed motors and other motors with high power density, it is usually difficult to balance heat dissipation efficiency and economic cost (due to the amount of cooling oil and oil resistance treatment). Summary of the Invention

[0005] The main objective of this application is to provide a cooling structure, motor, and transportation equipment designed to improve heat dissipation efficiency and reduce economic costs.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the cooling structure proposed in this application is used for cooling a motor. The cooling structure includes an annular shell and an annular sleeve. The annular shell is fitted onto the stator of the motor. The sidewall of the annular shell has a channel structure, which forms a flow channel for coolant to flow through. The axial end of the annular sleeve is connected to the annular shell, and the annular sleeve is positioned opposite to the axial end face of the stator. The annular sleeve has a receiving cavity, and one end of the annular sleeve facing the annular shell has an installation port and a flow port that are respectively connected to the receiving cavity. Projected along the axial direction of the annular sleeve, the installation port and the flow port are respectively located on both sides of the annular shell. The installation port is for the end of the winding to extend into, and the flow port is connected to the flow channel.

[0007] Optionally, the channel structure includes a spiral vertical wall disposed on the side wall of the annular shell, the end of the spiral vertical wall facing away from the annular shell being used to abut against the wall of the motor housing to form the flow channel.

[0008] Optionally, the channel structure includes at least two spaced-apart spiral walls, the gap between two adjacent spiral walls forming the flow channel, and the flow outlet located between a pair of adjacent spiral walls.

[0009] Optionally, the annular shell is provided with annular sleeves at both ends, one of the annular sleeves having two flow ports, and a spiral vertical wall being provided between the two flow ports; and / or, at least one annular sleeve is separately formed from the annular shell; and / or, a partition is provided in the receiving cavity, the partition being provided between the two flow ports to separate the two flow ports.

[0010] Optionally, the annular sleeve includes a first annular end plate and a second annular end plate disposed opposite to each other along the axial direction of the annular shell. The annular sleeve also includes an inner circumferential plate and an outer circumferential plate disposed opposite to each other along the radial direction of the annular shell. The inner circumferential plate is connected to the inner edge of the first annular end plate and the inner edge of the second annular end plate at both ends along the axial direction of the annular shell, respectively. The outer circumferential plate is connected to the outer edge of the second annular end plate and the outer edge of the second annular end plate at both ends along the axial direction of the annular shell, respectively. The first annular end plate is connected to the annular shell, and the mounting port and the flow port are respectively disposed on the first annular end plate. One of the annular sleeves is provided with M flow ports, and the other annular sleeve is provided with M+N flow ports. The channel structure forms M+N flow channels that correspond one-to-one with the M+N flow ports, where M and N are positive integers. Each of the N flow channels has an external connecting end, and the external connecting end is configured to face the annular sleeve provided with the M flow ports.

[0011] This application also proposes an electric motor, which includes a housing, a stator, windings, a rotor, and the aforementioned cooling structure. The stator is disposed within the housing, the windings are disposed on the stator, and the rotor is nested within the stator.

[0012] Optionally, the motor further includes a heat pipe structure, the heat pipe structure including an extension section extending axially out of the stator and extending into the receiving cavity.

[0013] Optionally, at least one heat dissipation fin is provided on the outer side wall of the extended section; and / or, a spray structure is provided in the receiving cavity, the spray structure being used to spray coolant onto the end plate of the winding; the spray structure includes a receiving ring and a nozzle, the receiving ring being used to receive coolant, and the nozzle communicating with the receiving ring; and / or, the heat pipe structure includes at least two heat pipe groups, the heat pipe groups being spaced apart along the circumferential direction of the stator.

[0014] Optionally, the heat pipe assembly includes a first annular pipe forming a circulation loop and a second annular pipe forming a circulation loop, wherein the circulation loop of the first annular pipe is independent of the circulation loop of the second annular pipe, and the first annular pipe and the second annular pipe are arranged along the axial direction of the stator.

[0015] Optionally, the stator has a toothed groove and a toothed body, and the heat pipe structure is disposed on at least one of the toothed groove and the toothed body; the motor includes a filling structure that at least partially fills the space between the wall of the toothed groove and the surface of the winding, and the filling structure extends along the axial direction of the stator to seal the mounting port.

[0016] Optionally, the filling structure includes an axial filler and a circumferential filler. The axial filler fills the space between the wall of the tooth groove and the surface of the winding. One side of the circumferential filler abuts against the end face of the stator, and the other side of the circumferential filler blocks the mounting port. The heat pipe structure and the winding respectively pass through the circumferential filler. The portion of the heat pipe structure facing the annular sleeve is provided with an insulating layer, which fills the circumferential filler and extends to the receiving cavity.

[0017] This application also proposes a transportation device, which includes the aforementioned motor.

[0018] The technical solution of this application sets the cooling structure to include an annular shell and an annular sleeve. The sidewall of the annular shell has a channel structure, which forms a flow channel for the coolant to flow through. The annular sleeve has a receiving cavity, and one end of the annular sleeve facing the annular shell has an installation port and a flow port that are respectively connected to the receiving cavity. The installation port is used for the end of the winding to extend into, and the flow port is connected to the flow channel. The receiving cavity of the annular sleeve can be used to introduce coolant such as cooling oil to cool the normally high-temperature end of the winding, and the flow channel can dissipate heat from the middle of the winding, thereby improving the heat dissipation efficiency. In addition, the cooling structure can perform local cooling treatment such as local oil cooling through the annular sleeve with the receiving cavity, reducing the need for insulation and oil resistance treatment of the middle of the winding when the end of the winding is insulated and oil-resistant. Compared with full immersion cooling, the total amount of coolant is reduced by using the annular sleeve, thereby reducing the overall weight and overall economic cost of the motor. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 An exploded view of an embodiment of the motor provided in this application;

[0021] Figure 2 A partial structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the motor provided in this application;

[0022] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of an embodiment of the cooling structure provided in this application;

[0023] Figure 4 A cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the motor provided in this application;

[0024] Figure 5 A cross-sectional view of another embodiment of the motor provided in this application;

[0025] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the spray structure in another embodiment of the motor provided in this application;

[0026] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the cooling structure in one embodiment of the motor provided in this application;

[0027] Figure 8 This is another installation schematic diagram of the cooling structure in one embodiment of the motor provided in this application;

[0028] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the stator structure in one embodiment of the motor provided in this application;

[0029] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the heat pipe structure in one embodiment of the motor provided in this application;

[0030] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the heat pipe structure in one embodiment of the motor provided in this application;

[0031] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the heat pipe structure in another embodiment of the motor provided in this application;

[0032] Figure 13 This is a partial schematic diagram of the heat pipe structure in one embodiment of the motor provided in this application;

[0033] Figure 14This is another partial schematic diagram of the heat pipe structure in one embodiment of the motor provided in this application.

[0034] Explanation of icon numbers:

[0035] 100. Cooling structure; 110. Annular shell; 111. Flow channel; 112. Spiral vertical wall; 113. First wall panel section; 114. Second wall panel section; 115. First channel section; 116. Second channel section; 120. Annular sleeve; 121. Receiving cavity; 122. Mounting port; 123. Flow port; 124. First annular end plate; 125. Second annular end plate; 126. Inner enclosure plate; 127. Outer enclosure plate;

[0036] 200, Housing; 300, Stator; 310, Gear; 320, Tooth; 400, Winding; 500, Rotor; 600, Heat pipe structure; 601, Extended section; 602, Heat dissipation fins; 603, Insulation layer; 610, Heat pipe assembly; 611, First annular tube; 612, Second annular tube; 700, Spray structure; 710, Receiving ring; 720, Nozzle; 800, Filling structure; 810, Axial filler; 820, Circumferential filler; 910, End cap structure; 920, Magnet; 930, Shaft structure.

[0037] The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of this application will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0039] It should be noted that if the embodiments of this application involve directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.), the directional indicators are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of the components in a specific posture. If the specific posture changes, the directional indicators will also change accordingly.

[0040] Furthermore, if the embodiments of this application involve descriptions such as "first" or "second," these descriptions are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features. Additionally, the use of "and / or" or "and / or" throughout the text includes three parallel solutions. For example, "A and / or B" includes solution A, solution B, or a solution that simultaneously satisfies A and B. Furthermore, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed in this application.

[0041] Transportation devices such as flying cars require high power density from high-speed motors; furthermore, motors are currently typically integrated with motor controllers and reducers, resulting in a very compact motor structure. This places even greater demands on the thermal design of high-speed motors, which already generate significant heat and are difficult to dissipate. Cooling technologies for motors in the new energy vehicle and drone sectors primarily include air cooling, water cooling, and oil cooling.

[0042] For high-power-density motors such as high-speed motors, most companies are considering using oil cooling technology, which offers high heat dissipation efficiency. Oil cooling is a direct cooling method that effectively reduces motor temperature. However, current full-immersion oil cooling and spray oil cooling technologies place very high demands on the oil resistance of the motor's insulation system, meaning extremely high resistance to oil corrosion. Furthermore, full-immersion oil cooling increases the amount of cooling oil, increasing weight and economic costs. Some companies use simple oil channel cooling, but this method has lower heat dissipation efficiency and can lead to uneven cooling, meaning that areas where the cooling oil cannot directly contact the windings in the slots and the stator core may experience higher temperatures. During high-power operation, the motor may overheat, significantly impacting its performance and lifespan.

[0043] Therefore, it is evident that for high-speed motors and other motors with high power density, it is usually difficult to balance heat dissipation efficiency and economic cost (due to the amount of cooling oil and oil resistance treatment).

[0044] Therefore, this application proposes a cooling structure, motor, and transportation equipment, aiming to improve heat dissipation efficiency and reduce economic costs.

[0045] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 In one embodiment of this application, the motor includes a housing 200, a stator 300, a winding 400, a rotor 500, and the aforementioned cooling structure 100. The stator 300 is disposed within the housing 200. The stator 300 has tooth slots 310 and tooth bodies 320 (see reference...). Figure 9 The winding 400 is mounted on the stator 300, specifically within the toothed slot 310. The rotor 500 is nested within the stator 300. (Refer to...) Figure 4 The rotor 500 can be configured to be fitted inside the stator 300, and the stator 300 can be fitted inside the housing 200; of course, the rotor 500 can also be configured to be fitted outside the stator 300, in which case the motor is configured with a corresponding housing structure. This embodiment does not limit this.

[0046] Of course, the motor may also include an end cover structure 910, a magnet 920, and a shaft structure 930. The end cover structure 910 may include an upper end cover and a lower end cover that are arranged opposite each other in the axial direction. The magnet 920 may be fixedly connected to the rotor 500. The shaft structure 930 may include a shaft and a corresponding bearing structure.

[0047] In some implementations, the motor can be configured as a high-speed motor to be suitable for transportation devices with high power requirements, such as flying cars. A high-speed motor can be understood as a motor with a rotational speed greater than or equal to 10,000 r / min.

[0048] Specifically, the aforementioned cooling structure 100 is used to cool other structures of the corresponding motor, such as the winding 400. (See reference...) Figure 3 and Figure 4 The cooling structure 100 includes an annular shell 110 and an annular sleeve 120. The annular shell 110 is fitted onto the stator 300 of the motor. The side wall of the annular shell 110 is provided with a channel structure, which forms a flow channel 111 for the coolant to flow through. The axial end of the annular sleeve 120 is connected to the annular shell 110, and the annular sleeve 120 is positioned opposite to the axial end face of the stator 300. The annular sleeve 120 has a receiving cavity 121. One end of the annular sleeve 120 facing the annular shell 110 is provided with an installation port 122 and a flow port 123 that are respectively connected to the receiving cavity 121. Projected along the axial direction of the annular sleeve 120, the installation port 122 and the flow port 123 are respectively provided on both sides of the annular shell 110. The installation port 122 is used for the end of the winding 400 to extend into, and the flow port 123 is connected to the flow channel 111.

[0049] The annular shell 110 can be understood as an overall annular shell, and may include an annular plate. The annular shell 110 can be fitted outside the stator 300 of the motor, or it can be fitted inside the stator 300. Correspondingly, the channel structure can be provided on the side wall of the annular shell 110 facing away from the stator 300. For example, the annular shell 110 can be fitted outside the stator 300 and the channel structure can be provided on the outer side wall of the annular shell 110, or the annular shell 110 can be fitted inside the stator 300 and the channel structure can be provided on the inner side wall of the annular shell 110. The channel structure can form a flow channel 111 with a closed side wall, or it can form a flow channel 111 with an open side wall, thus simplifying the manufacturing process and reducing the overall weight of the motor. The flow channel 111 with an open side wall can have its side wall opening sealed by structures such as the motor housing 200, the outer cover, or the outer plate. The sidewall of the flow channel 111 refers to the wall panel structure located laterally relative to the flow direction.

[0050] The annular sleeve 120 can be understood as a sleeve-shaped structure extending in the circumferential direction, thus having an annular receiving cavity 121, which facilitates the holding of coolant such as cooling oil; the annular sleeve 120 is arranged opposite to the axial end face of the stator 300, so that the winding 400 installed on the stator 300 can extend its end from the mounting port 122 into the receiving cavity 121.

[0051] In some implementations, refer to Figure 5 and Figure 7 The annular sleeve 120 can be configured to include a first annular end plate 124 and a second annular end plate 125 arranged opposite to each other along the axial direction of the annular shell 110. The annular sleeve 120 can also include an inner circumferential plate 126 and an outer circumferential plate 127 arranged opposite to each other along the radial direction of the annular shell 110. The inner circumferential plate 126 is connected to the inner edge of the first annular end plate 124 and the inner edge of the second annular end plate 125 at both ends along the axial direction of the annular shell 110, and the outer circumferential plate 127 is connected to the outer edge of the second annular end plate 125 at both ends along the axial direction of the annular shell 110, thereby improving the overall sealing degree of the annular sleeve 120 and reducing the risk of accidental leakage of coolant such as cooling oil.

[0052] The first annular end plate 124, the second annular end plate 125, the inner circumference plate 126, and the outer circumference plate 127 can be fixedly connected by welding or other methods to reduce the complexity of forming. Alternatively, they can be formed using stamping or other forming processes, thereby further improving the overall sealing of the annular sleeve 120. (Refer to...) Figure 4 and Figure 5The first annular end plate 124 can be configured to be connected to the annular shell 110. In this case, the mounting port 122 and the flow port 123 are respectively located on the first annular end plate 124.

[0053] The motor can be configured such that an annular sleeve 120 is provided only at one end of the annular housing 110, or the motor can be configured such that annular sleeves 120 are provided at both ends of the annular housing 110. When annular sleeves 120 are provided at both ends of the annular housing 110, at least one annular sleeve 120 can be separately formed from the annular housing 110, including one annular sleeve 120 being separately formed from the annular housing 110, and both annular sleeves 120 being separately formed from the annular housing 110, thereby facilitating the installation of the stator 300 and the winding 400 and improving the installation efficiency of the stator 300 and the winding 400. The annular sleeve 120 and the annular housing 110 can be connected by a weld structure, a plug-in structure, a threaded structure on the inner and outer walls, a snap-fit ​​structure, etc. For example, the first annular end plate 124 and the annular housing 110 can be connected by a weld structure, a plug-in structure, a threaded structure on the inner and outer walls, a snap-fit ​​structure, etc.

[0054] In this embodiment, the receiving cavity of the annular sleeve 120 can be used to introduce coolant such as cooling oil to cool the normally high-temperature end of the winding 400, which is beneficial for quickly cooling the end of the winding 400; the flow channel 111 can dissipate heat from the middle part of the winding 400, improving the heat dissipation efficiency, and through the combined action of the annular sleeve 120 and the flow channel 111, it is more conducive to ensuring the temperature uniformity of the motor and improving the operating stability of the motor under various operating conditions.

[0055] Furthermore, the cooling structure 100 can perform localized cooling treatments such as localized oil cooling through the annular sleeve 120 with the receiving cavity 121. When performing insulation and oil-resistant treatment on the ends of the winding 400, the need for insulation and oil-resistant treatment on the middle part of the winding 400 is reduced. For example, insulation and oil-resistant treatment can be performed only on the ends of the winding 400. Moreover, the total amount of coolant is reduced by the annular sleeve 120 compared to full immersion cooling, thereby reducing the overall weight and overall economic cost of the motor.

[0056] On the other hand, the annular shell 110 is fitted onto the stator 300 of the motor, which reduces the space occupied by the annular shell 110 in the slots of the stator 300, which helps to ensure the slot fill factor of the stator 300, improves the power density of the motor, and also ensures the continuous output performance of the motor.

[0057] In one embodiment, refer to Figure 3 The channel structure includes a spiral vertical wall 112 disposed on the side wall of the annular shell 110. One end of the spiral vertical wall 112 facing away from the annular shell 110 abuts against the wall of the motor housing 200 to form a flow channel 111. For example, see reference... Figure 3 and Figure 4 When the annular shell 110 is fitted outside the stator 300, the outer end of the spiral vertical wall 112 is used to abut against the motor housing 200, thereby forming a side-wall-sealed flow channel 111 together with the housing 200.

[0058] The spiral vertical wall 112 can be understood as a relatively upright wall panel structure on the side wall of the annular shell 110, extending both axially and circumferentially along the annular shell 110, thus forming a spiral shape. In this embodiment, the end of the spiral vertical wall 112 facing away from the annular shell 110 abuts against the wall surface of the motor housing 200 to form a flow channel 111, facilitating the separate molding of the housing 200 and the channel structure, and improving the overall manufacturing efficiency of the motor.

[0059] In one implementation, continue to refer to Figure 3 The channel structure includes at least two spaced spiral vertical walls 112, which can be understood as forming a double or triple spiral structure on the annular shell 110, thereby increasing the number of flow channels 111 and improving the overall heat dissipation efficiency. The interval between two adjacent spiral vertical walls 112 is used to form flow channels 111, and the flow port 123 is located between a pair of adjacent spiral vertical walls 112.

[0060] In one implementation, continue to refer to Figure 3 The spiral vertical wall 112 includes a first wall panel segment 113 and a second wall panel segment 114. The first wall panel segment 113 is disposed between the flow port 123 and the second wall panel segment 114. It can be understood that when the first wall panel segment 113 and the second wall panel segment 114 are relatively close to the end (e.g., the whole is higher or the whole is lower), the first wall panel segment 113 is closer to the flow port 123 than the second wall panel segment 114.

[0061] The flow channel 111 includes a first channel segment 115 formed by a first wall plate segment 113, and a second channel segment 116 formed by a second wall plate segment 114. The helix angle A of the first wall plate segment 113 is greater than the helix angle B of the second wall plate segment 114, such that the angle between the first channel segment 115 and the circumferential direction of the annular shell 110 is greater than the angle between the second channel segment 116 and the circumferential direction of the annular shell 110. The helix angle can be understood as the angle between the tangents of the first wall plate segment 113 and the second wall plate segment 114 and a plane perpendicular to the axis of the annular shell 110.

[0062] In this embodiment, since the end of the winding 400 and its surrounding area are well cooled by the annular sleeve 120, the cooling oil and other coolant in the receiving cavity 121 of the annular sleeve 120 first flows out relatively quickly through the first wall plate section 113 with a relatively large helix angle, and then through the second wall plate section 114 with a relatively small helix angle, the flow time and cooling time are increased in the second channel section 116. This is beneficial to further improve the temperature uniformity of the motor and to improve the operating stability of the motor under various operating conditions.

[0063] In one embodiment, refer to Figure 4 and Figure 5 In the embodiment where annular sleeves 120 are respectively provided at both ends of the annular shell 110, one of the annular sleeves 120 can be provided with two flow ports 123, and a spiral vertical wall 112 is provided between the two flow ports 123, so that the cooling oil and other coolant can flow more orderly, thereby further improving the cooling efficiency.

[0064] In one embodiment, a partition may be provided in the receiving cavity 121, which is disposed between two flow ports 123 to separate the two flow ports 123, thereby allowing the coolant such as cooling oil to flow more orderly in the receiving cavity 121, thereby further improving the cooling efficiency.

[0065] In one embodiment, where annular sleeves 120 are respectively provided at both ends of the annular shell 110, one annular sleeve 120 may have M flow ports 123, and the other annular sleeve 120 may have M+N flow ports 123. The channel structure forms M+N flow channels 111 corresponding one-to-one with the M+N flow ports 123, where M and N are positive integers; each of the N flow channels 111 has an external connection end (refer to the external connection end). Figure 5 (The structure at point C in the middle), the external connection end is set to face the annular sleeve 120 which has M flow ports 123.

[0066] For example, refer to Figure 5 This allows setting M and N to 1 respectively; it can be understood as setting one of the rings to 120 (e.g., Figure 5 The upper annular sleeve 120 is provided with a flow port 123, wherein another annular sleeve 120 (e.g. Figure 5 The annular sleeve 120 at the lower end has two flow ports 123, and the channel structure forms two flow channels 111 corresponding to the two flow ports 123 (which can be understood as forming a double helix structure); one of the flow channels 111 has an external connecting end (refer to...). Figure 5 The structure at point C in the diagram), the external connecting end is configured to face the annular sleeve 120 which has a flow port 123 (e.g., facing towards). Figure 5(The annular sleeve 120 at the upper middle end). It is understood that this external connection end can be configured to be independent of the annular sleeve 120 relative to the overall cooling structure 100.

[0067] Of course, when there are two or more spiral vertical walls 112, that is, when the annular shell 110 is provided with a double spiral structure or a multi-spiral structure, M and N can also be set to other positive integers, and this embodiment does not limit this.

[0068] In this embodiment, the coolant, such as cooling oil, flows sequentially through one of the annular sleeves 120, a portion of the flow channel 111, another annular sleeve 120, and another portion of the flow channel 111, and after dissipating heat, it can be discharged outward through the external connecting end of the flow channel 111. This reduces the possibility of the coolant returning to the first annular sleeve 120 and affecting the thermal cycle therein, which is beneficial to further improve the cooling efficiency.

[0069] In some implementations, refer to Figure 5 and Figure 6 The receiving cavity 121 may be equipped with a spray structure 700, which sprays coolant onto the end plate of the winding 400. This allows the receiving cavity 121 of the annular sleeve 120 to cool the ends of the winding 400 using at least one of partial immersion or partial spraying methods, improving the flexibility and efficiency of the motor cooling method. (Refer to...) Figure 6 The spray structure 700 can be configured to include a receiving ring 710 and a nozzle 720. The receiving ring 710 is used to receive coolant such as cooling oil, and the nozzle 720 is connected to the receiving ring 710 so that the coolant can be sprayed to the end of the winding 400.

[0070] In one embodiment, refer to Figure 7 and Figure 8 The motor can also be configured to include a heat pipe structure 600, which includes an extension section 601 that extends axially out of the stator 300 and extends into the receiving cavity 121.

[0071] In this embodiment, the heat pipe structure 600 can be configured to include a pulsating heat pipe or a conventional heat pipe. The working principle of the pulsating heat pipe is as follows: the working fluid is distributed in alternating bubble and liquid plug forms under capillary force, with the bubbles surrounded by a liquid film. When a heat load is applied to the evaporation section, the liquid film evaporates rapidly, causing the bubble pressure to rise; the bubbles in the condensation section experience a pressure decrease due to condensation. Due to the uneven distribution of bubbles and liquid plugs, an uneven pressure difference is generated inside the pulsating heat pipe. Driven by this pressure difference, the liquid plugs begin to move, generating local oscillating flow and overall unidirectional circulating flow under a certain heat load, transferring heat from the evaporation section to the condensation section. The phase change between the evaporation and condensation sections is the main driving force in the pulsating heat pipe.

[0072] The evaporation section of the pulsating heat pipe is positioned at the middle of the winding 400, and the end of the pulsating heat pipe can be configured as the aforementioned protruding section 601, facilitating heat dissipation through the cooling oil or other coolant within the receiving cavity 121. When the heat pipe structure 600 includes a pulsating heat pipe, compared to conventional heat pipes, the pulsating heat pipe has a smaller diameter, a simpler, coreless structure, and can be bent arbitrarily, thus reducing the installation difficulty of the heat pipe structure 600 in compact motors. Furthermore, the pulsating heat pipe has a high equivalent heat transfer coefficient, which can reduce the risk of localized overheating in high-power-density motors.

[0073] In one embodiment, refer to Figure 7 and Figure 8 The motor may also include a filling structure 800, which may be made of potting compound or the like. The filling structure 800 at least partially fills the space between the wall of the tooth groove 310 and the surface of the winding 400. The filling structure 800 extends along the axial direction of the stator 300 to the sealing mounting port 122, thereby improving the overall sealing of the annular sleeve 120 and reducing the risk of accidental leakage of coolant such as cooling oil.

[0074] Specifically, continue to refer to Figure 7 and Figure 8 The filling structure 800 may include an axial filler 810 and a circumferential filler 820. The axial filler 810 can be understood as a filler extending along the axial direction of the stator 300, and the circumferential filler 820 can be understood as a filler extending circumferentially along the stator 300 and being ring-shaped. The axial filler 810 fills the space between the wall of the tooth groove 310 and the surface of the winding 400. One side of the circumferential filler 820 abuts against the end face of the stator 300, and the other side of the circumferential filler 820 seals the mounting port 122, thereby improving the overall sealing degree of the annular sleeve 120 and reducing the risk of accidental leakage of coolant such as cooling oil.

[0075] At this point, the heat pipe structure 600 and the winding 400 can be configured to pass through the circumferential filler 820 respectively. An insulating layer 603 is provided on the portion of the heat pipe structure 600 facing the annular sleeve 120; the insulating layer 603 can be made of an insulating material. The insulating layer 603 fills within the circumferential filler 820 and extends to the receiving cavity 121, thereby reducing the risk of coolant such as cooling oil continuing to penetrate along the heat pipe structure 600, reducing the risk of corrosion of the heat pipe structure 600 by the coolant, and improving the durability of the heat pipe structure 600. Furthermore, this embodiment also reduces the need for surface treatment of the central portion of the heat pipe structure 600, reducing manufacturing costs.

[0076] In one embodiment, reference is made to Figure 9 , Figure 10 and Figure 11 The heat pipe structure 600 can be installed together with the winding 400 in the slot 310 of the stator 300; of course, referring to Figure 12 The heat pipe structure 600 can also be installed on the tooth body 320 of the stator 300; or, the tooth groove 310 and the tooth body 320 can be provided with the heat pipe structure 600 at the same time, that is, the heat pipe structure 600 is provided on at least one of the tooth groove 310 and the tooth body 320. This embodiment does not limit this.

[0077] In one embodiment, refer to Figure 10 The heat pipe structure 600 includes at least two heat pipe groups 610, which are spaced apart along the circumferential direction of the stator 300. This can be understood as each heat pipe group 610 being independently arranged along the circumferential direction of the stator 300, thereby reducing the overall manufacturing and installation difficulty of the heat pipe structure 600.

[0078] In one embodiment, refer to Figure 13 The heat pipe assembly 610 includes a first annular pipe 611 forming a circulation loop and a second annular pipe 612 forming a circulation loop. The circulation loop of the first annular pipe 611 is independent of the circulation loop of the second annular pipe 612, wherein the circulation loops of the first annular pipe 611 and the circulation loops of the second annular pipe 612 are referenced. Figure 13 As shown by the dashed arrow in the figure. In addition, the first annular tube 611 and the second annular tube 612 are arranged along the axial direction of the stator 300, thereby reducing the axial fit length between a single tube and the stator 300, and reducing the overall manufacturing difficulty of the first annular tube 611 and the second annular tube 612 as well as the assembly difficulty of a single tube.

[0079] In one embodiment, refer to Figure 13The end of the first annular tube 611 facing the second annular tube 612 is fixedly connected to the second annular tube 612, thereby suppressing the vibration of the first annular tube 611 and the second annular tube 612, reducing the risk of damage caused by collision between the first annular tube 611 and the second annular tube 612 and the stator 300 and other structures, and improving the service life of the first annular tube 611 and the second annular tube 612.

[0080] In one embodiment, the end of the first annular tube 611 facing the second annular tube 612 is detachably connected to the second annular tube 612, for example, by means of plug-in or snap-fit ​​connection. Figure 13 The first annular tube 611 and the second annular tube 612 are detachably connected at point D, thereby improving the ease of disassembly and assembly of the first annular tube 611 and the second annular tube 612 and reducing the maintenance cost of the motor.

[0081] In one embodiment, refer to Figure 14 At least one heat dissipation fin 602 is provided on the outer side wall of the extended section 601. For example, 4 to 10 heat dissipation fins 602 are provided on the outer side wall of the extended section 601 at intervals, thereby further improving the heat exchange effect and helping to improve the heat dissipation efficiency of the motor.

[0082] This application also proposes a transportation device, which includes the aforementioned motor, the specific structure of which is described in the above embodiments. The transportation device can be configured as a flying car, etc.

[0083] It is understood that since the motor and transportation equipment provided in this application adopt all the technical solutions of all the above embodiments, they have at least all the beneficial effects brought about by the technical solutions of the above embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0084] The above description is merely an exemplary embodiment of this application and does not limit the patent scope of this application. Any equivalent structural transformations made based on the technical concept of this application and the contents of the specification and drawings of this application, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included within the patent protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A cooling structure, characterized in that, The cooling structure is used to cool the motor, and the cooling structure includes: An annular shell is provided for fitting with the stator of a motor; the sidewall of the annular shell is provided with a channel structure for forming a flow channel for coolant; the channel structure includes at least two helical vertical walls spaced apart on the sidewall of the annular shell, one end of the helical vertical wall facing away from the annular shell is used to abut against the wall of the motor housing, so that the gap between two adjacent helical vertical walls forms the flow channel. An annular sleeve is provided, with its axial end connected to the annular shell. The annular shell has an annular sleeve at each end. The annular sleeve is positioned opposite the axial end face of the stator. The annular sleeve has a receiving cavity, and one end of the annular sleeve facing the annular shell has an installation port and a flow port respectively communicating with the receiving cavity. The flow port is located between a pair of adjacent spiral vertical walls. Projected along the axial direction of the annular sleeve, the installation port and the flow port are respectively located on both sides of the annular shell. The installation port is used for the end of the winding to extend into, and the flow port communicates with the flow channel. The spiral vertical wall includes a first wall panel segment and a second wall panel segment, the first wall panel segment being disposed between the flow port and the second wall panel segment; the flow channel includes a first channel segment formed through the first wall panel segment, and the flow channel also includes a second channel segment formed through the second wall panel segment, wherein the spiral helix angle of the first wall panel segment is greater than the spiral helix angle of the second wall panel segment; One of the annular sleeves is provided with M flow ports, and the other annular sleeve is provided with M+N flow ports; the channel structure forms M+N flow channels that correspond one-to-one with the M+N flow ports, where M and N are positive integers; each of the N flow channels has an external connection end, and the external connection end is configured to face the annular sleeve provided with the M flow ports; The motor includes a filling structure that at least partially fills the space between the stator slot wall and the winding surface, the filling structure extending along the axial direction of the stator to block the mounting port, and the winding passing through the filling structure.

2. The cooling structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, One of the annular sleeves is provided with two of the flow ports, and a spiral vertical wall is provided between the two flow ports; and / or, At least one of the annular sleeves is separately formed from the annular shell; and / or, A partition is provided inside the receiving cavity, and the partition is disposed between the two flow ports to separate the two flow ports.

3. The cooling structure as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The annular sleeve includes a first annular end plate and a second annular end plate disposed opposite to each other along the axial direction of the annular shell. The annular sleeve also includes an inner circumferential plate and an outer circumferential plate disposed opposite to each other along the radial direction of the annular shell. The inner circumferential plate is connected to the inner edge of the first annular end plate and the inner edge of the second annular end plate at both ends along the axial direction of the annular shell, respectively. The first annular end plate is connected to the annular shell, and the mounting port and the flow port are respectively disposed on the first annular end plate.

4. An electric motor, characterized in that, The motor includes a housing, a stator, windings, a rotor, and a cooling structure as described in any one of claims 1 to 3. The stator is disposed within the housing, the windings are disposed on the stator, and the rotor is nested within the stator.

5. The motor as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The motor also includes a heat pipe structure, which includes an axially extending section that extends out of the stator and into the receiving cavity.

6. The motor as described in claim 5, characterized in that, At least one heat dissipation rib is provided on the outer wall of the protruding section; and / or, The receiving cavity is equipped with a spray structure for spraying coolant onto the end plate of the winding; the spray structure includes a receiving ring and a nozzle, the receiving ring for receiving coolant, and the nozzle communicating with the receiving ring; and / or The heat pipe structure includes at least two heat pipe groups, which are spaced apart along the circumferential direction of the stator.

7. The motor as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The heat pipe assembly includes a first annular tube forming a circulation loop and a second annular tube forming a circulation loop. The circulation loop of the first annular tube is independent of the circulation loop of the second annular tube. The first annular tube and the second annular tube are arranged along the axial direction of the stator.

8. The motor as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The stator has a toothed groove and a toothed body, and the heat pipe structure is disposed on at least one of the toothed groove and the toothed body.

9. The motor as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The filling structure includes an axial filler and a circumferential filler. The axial filler fills the space between the wall of the tooth groove and the surface of the winding. One side of the circumferential filler abuts against the end face of the stator, and the other side of the circumferential filler blocks the mounting port. The heat pipe structure and the winding pass through the circumferential filler respectively. The portion of the heat pipe structure facing the annular sleeve is provided with an insulating layer, which fills the circumferential filler and extends to the receiving cavity.

10. A transportation device, characterized in that, The transportation equipment includes an electric motor as described in any one of claims 4 to 9.

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