A quality detection device and system for concrete used in water conservancy projects

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of concrete quality inspection, and discloses a quality inspection device and system for concrete used in water conservancy projects, including: an inspection box, which is composed of a bottom plate, a top plate, a protective plate and a support column perpendicular to the bottom plate; a downward pressing member, including a press and a pressure head, the press is located above the top plate, and a plurality of detachable and height-adjustable pressure heads are provided at the bottom of the press, the pressure heads are threadedly connected to the press, and a connecting hole for the pressure heads to pass through is provided on the top plate; a lateral deformation detection member, including a first rack, a baffle, a first gear, and a displacement sensor, the first rack is fixed on the surface of the bottom plate, the baffle is perpendicular to the first rack, the baffle and the first rack are slidably connected by a first gear, and the displacement sensor is located at the bottom of the baffle and fixed on the bottom plate. This solves the problem that the deformation of the entire sample cannot be accurately reflected when the concrete is squeezed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of concrete quality detection, and in particular relates to a concrete strength quality detection device for water conservancy engineering. Background Art

[0002] Concrete, also known as "concrete", is an artificial stone obtained by mixing cementitious materials, coarse and fine aggregates, water, admixtures and additives in a certain proportion, stirring evenly, and solidifying and hardening. Concrete is a commonly used building material in water conservancy projects. The "Design Code for Hydraulic Concrete Structures" (SL 191-2008) points out that the strength of concrete used in water conservancy projects should generally not be lower than C20.

[0003] In order to confirm whether the strength quality of concrete is qualified, compressive strength testing is usually required. According to the "Standard for Test Methods for Mechanical Properties of Ordinary Concrete" (GB / T 50081-2019), the principle is to apply uniformly increasing axial pressure until the sample is destroyed, so as to measure the ability of concrete to resist compressive loads. There are some problems in common concrete strength testing devices. For example, when conducting strength testing on concrete samples, most of them use strain gauges to detect the deformation of the samples. However, this can only detect the vertical deformation of the sample, and it is difficult to detect the lateral deformation. To address this problem, the invention patent with publication number CN111323311A discloses a concrete compression resistance testing device, which is bounded at both ends of the sample by an annular structure, and detects the vertical and lateral deformations of the sample by sensors on the annular structure. However, this type of device has some defects: there is a hoop effect at both ends of the sample, and the friction between the sample and the downward pressure device will hinder the development of the lateral deformation of the sample, making the test result inaccurate, and the lateral deformation does not only occur at the ends, and the influence of internal cracks may cause large differences in local deformation of the sample. The sensors installed at the ends alone cannot accurately reflect the overall deformation of the sample.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a quality detection device and system for concrete used in hydraulic engineering projects that can accurately reflect the overall deformation of the sample when the concrete is squeezed. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a quality detection device and system for concrete used in water conservancy projects, so as to solve the problem that the deformation of the entire sample cannot be accurately reflected when the concrete is squeezed.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a concrete strength quality detection device for water conservancy engineering, comprising:

[0007] The detection compartment includes a bottom plate, a top plate, a protective plate and a support column perpendicular to the bottom plate, wherein the protective plates are located on both sides of the bottom plate, and the top plate is fixedly connected to the upper end of the support column;

[0008] The pressing member includes a press and a pressing head. The press is located above the top plate. A plurality of detachable and height-adjustable pressing heads are provided at the bottom of the press. The pressing heads are threadedly connected to the press. A connecting hole for the pressing heads to pass through is provided on the top plate.

[0009] The lateral deformation detection component includes a first rack, a baffle, a first gear, and a displacement sensor, wherein the first rack is fixed to the surface of the bottom plate, the baffle is perpendicular to the first rack, the baffle and the first rack are slidably connected through the first gear, and the displacement sensor is located at the bottom of the baffle and fixed to the bottom plate;

[0010] The vertical deformation detection component includes a trigger rod, a linkage rod, a pointer and a precision scale. One end of the trigger rod extends from the center bottom of the pressure head, and the other end is provided with a reversing part. The reversing part is used to convert the vertical power of the trigger rod into the horizontal force of the linkage rod. The free end of the linkage rod can extend from both sides of the middle of the pressure head. The pointer is fixed to the free end of the linkage rod. The precision scale is located on the baffle, and the pointer cooperates with the precision scale when the linkage rod extends from the middle of the pressure head.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the principles and beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0012] When working, the sample is placed on the bottom plate, the supporting columns around it support the upper structure, and the baffles on both sides protect it. The corresponding pressure head is installed according to the number of samples. The pressure head is threadedly connected to the press, and there is a connection hole for the pressure head to pass through the top plate, so the height of the pressure head can be adjusted according to the size of the sample, and the trigger rod of the pressure head is made to fit the sample, and then the baffle is tightly fitted to the sample under the action of the spring.

[0013] Then start the press, and the ram moves slowly downward under the action of the press. The trigger rod at the bottom of the ram contacts the sample and is then completely pushed into the ram. At this time, the reversing part converts the vertical pressure of the trigger rod into a horizontal force on the linkage rod, causing the linkage rod to extend horizontally, and then drives the pointer to move downward. At this time, the pointer points to the 0 scale on the precision scale attached to the side of the baffle.

[0014] Then the pressure head contacts the sample completely. The deformation of the sample under pressure generally has the following stages: the compaction stage. Since there are tiny pores inside the sample, the pores gradually close under the action of pressure, and the deformation of the sample is not obvious in this stage; the elastic stage. As the pressure increases further, the sample shows an elastic response in this stage. The vertical deformation of the sample is proportional to the stress, and the lateral deformation begins to increase; the elastic-plastic stage. When the stress approaches the yield point of the sample, new cracks appear inside the sample and gradually develop, and the vertical and lateral deformations begin to increase non-uniformly; the destruction stage. As the cracks inside the sample connect with each other to form a fracture surface until it is destroyed, the vertical deformation of the sample increases dramatically, and the lateral deformation becomes complicated due to local expansion and collapse, which depends on the direction and form of the crack.

[0015] Most existing devices for detecting the compression deformation of concrete samples are generally bound at both ends of the sample with a ring structure, and the vertical and lateral deformation of the sample is detected by the sensors on the ring structure. However, this type of device has certain defects, that is, there is a hoop effect at both ends of the sample, and the friction between the sample and the downward pressure device will hinder the development of the lateral deformation of the sample, making the detection result inaccurate. In addition, during the compression process, the lateral deformation of the sample is greatly affected by the internal cracks of the sample, that is, there is a situation where the local lateral deformation of the sample is large, and the sensors of this type of device often only detect the deformation of a few points, which cannot well reflect the overall deformation of the sample.

[0016] Therefore, the present invention sets a slidable baffle on both sides of the sample. The lateral deformation of the sample causes the baffle to slide along the rack. Because the baffle covers a larger area of ​​the sample, it can detect deformations at multiple locations on the surface of the sample, not just a local point, and will not be affected by the hoop effect. Therefore, it can better reflect the overall deformation of the sample during the compression process. When the sample undergoes lateral deformation, the displacement sensor at the bottom of the baffle detects the distance that the baffle slides on the rack, which is the lateral deformation of the sample. The vertical deformation of the sample causes the pointers pointing to the two sides of the baffle to move downward, and the distance the pointer moves downward is the vertical deformation of the sample.

[0017] In summary, the present invention accurately detects the lateral and vertical deformations of the sample after being compressed by setting up lateral and vertical deformation detection devices, thereby solving the problem of poor accuracy of the detection results caused by the mutual influence of lateral and vertical deformations when concrete is squeezed.

[0018] Furthermore, the detection compartment is provided with a protection unit, which includes a lifting plate, a second rack, a multi-stage gear transmission, a pulley, a traction rope and a winch. The lifting plate is arranged below both sides of the bottom plate, and the bottom plate has a through groove for the lifting plate to pass through. After lifting, it can form a closed space with the baffles on both sides. The second rack is arranged on the side of the pressure head, and the multi-stage gear transmission and the winch are both arranged on the top plate. The multi-stage gear transmission includes an input gear, an intermediate gear and an output gear. The gears are meshed with each other, the input gear is also meshed with the rack, and the output gear is connected to the winch. The pulley is arranged on the edges of both sides of the top plate. The traction rope passes around the pulley, one end is connected to the winch, and the other end is connected to the lifting plate.

[0019] With the above structure, when the pressure head moves downward, the second rack drives the initial gear to rotate, and the intermediate gear transmits the rotation to the output gear. The output gear receives the rotation of the entire transmission chain and transmits it to the winch. The winch pulls the traction rope to make the lifting plate extend from under the bottom plate to protect the sample and prevent splashing gravel from injuring the staff, further improving the safety protection capability. This structure utilizes and amplifies the stroke generated by the downward movement of the pressure head, so that the lifting plate rises a sufficient distance, thereby protecting the sample and improving the safety of the test.

[0020] Furthermore, the detection compartment is provided with a protection unit, which includes a lifting plate, a pulley block and a traction rope. The lifting plate is arranged below both sides of the bottom plate, and the bottom plate has a through groove for the lifting plate to pass through. After being lifted, it can form a closed space with the baffles on both sides. The pulley block includes a plurality of fixed pulleys and movable pulleys. The fixed pulley is arranged on the top plate, and the movable pulley is arranged on the traction rope and moves with the traction rope. The traction rope passes around the fixed pulley and the movable pulley, and one end is connected to the pressure head, and the other end is connected to the lifting plate.

[0021] By adopting the above structure, the lifting plate is pulled by the power of the downward movement of the pressure head to protect the sample and prevent the staff from being injured. At the same time, the design of the pulley group can reduce the friction of the traction rope, and can also increase or decrease according to the distance moved by the lifting plate, thereby improving the transmission efficiency, making the lifting of the lifting plate more stable and simple in structure.

[0022] Furthermore, the detection compartment is provided with a protection unit, which includes a lifting plate, a lever system and a traction rope. The lifting plate is arranged below both sides of the bottom plate, and the bottom plate has a groove for the lifting plate to pass through. After being raised, it can form an enclosed space with the baffles on both sides. The lever system is arranged on the top plate, including a power arm, a resistance arm and a fulcrum. The length of the resistance arm is much larger than that of the power arm. The traction rope connects the pressure head and the power arm, as well as the resistance arm and the lifting plate.

[0023] With the above structure, when the pressure head moves down, the force on the power arm is transmitted to the resistance arm through the cooperation of the traction rope and the lever system, which then pulls the lifting plate up. The distance the pressure head moves down is magnified by the lever system, and the lever ratio is adjusted according to the distance the lifting plate rises and the pressure head moves down to achieve the best amplification effect. Finally, the sample is protected to prevent injuries to the staff. The structure realizes the conversion between the small movement of the pressure head and the significant movement of the lifting plate through the design of the lever system. The structure is simple in structure and easy to maintain.

[0024] Further, the displacement sensor includes: a conversion unit, a housing and a gear, the housing is fixed on the baffle, the gear is meshed with the first rack, one side of the gear is rotatably connected to the inside of the housing, a permanent magnet is fixedly arranged on the other side of the gear, a coil is also fixedly arranged on the housing, the coil is located near the permanent magnet, the coil is signal-connected to the conversion unit, the coil is also connected to a limit power supply circuit, a limit relay is arranged on the limit power supply circuit, the conversion unit is used to convert the number of rotations of the permanent magnet into a displacement parameter of the baffle, the conversion unit is signal-connected to a controller, and the limit relay is signal-connected to the controller;

[0025] A plurality of strain patches are respectively arranged on the side of the baffle, a pressure elastic member is arranged between the strain patch and the surface of the baffle, a pressure connecting pipe for balancing the internal pressure between the pressure elastic members is arranged between the pressure elastic members on the same side of the baffle, the two ends of the elastic member are respectively fixed to the baffle and the strain patch, the strain patch is used to obtain the pressure value of the sample on the strain patch, and the strain patch is respectively connected to the controller signal;

[0026] The controller is also used to obtain the pressure value of the strain patch and the number of strain patches squeezed by the sample, generate a compensation value, and then obtain the displacement parameters of the baffle to compensate for the displacement parameters of the baffle; and judge the changing speed of the pressure value according to the pressure value of the strain patch; if the changing speed exceeds the preset value, the limit relay is controlled to close.

[0027] With the above structure, when the baffles on both sides of the sample are close to the sample, the pressure elastic parts on the baffles first contact the baffles. Since the surface of the sample is not smooth but uneven, the elastic parts can fit the surface of the sample well and transmit the pressure characteristics generated by the deformation of the sample to the strain patch. The pressure connecting pipe can balance the internal pressure between the pressure elastic parts to ensure that the strain patch can be evenly stressed. After starting the press, the sample undergoes lateral deformation, pushing the baffle to move, so the gear rotates. Every time the gear rotates one circle, the permanent magnet on the gear will cut the coil on the outer shell to generate a circuit signal, and the conversion unit converts this signal into the displacement parameter of the baffle. When the sample is under pressure, due to the internal uneven cracks, the sample bulges and explodes, and the impact force on the baffle is obviously greater than the normal value. At this time, the pressure value obtained by the strain patch will show a sudden change and only a few positions will sense the sudden pressure. The controller can generate a compensation value based on the pressure value of the strain patch and the number of strain patches squeezed by the sample, and then obtain the displacement parameters of the baffle, compensate for the displacement parameters of the baffle, and thus obtain the accurate deformation parameters of the sample (and the design of the elastic part and the pressure connecting pipe can make the unpressurized elastic part also play a buffering and protective role when the sample explodes). At the same time, the controller continuously receives the pressure value of the strain patch and calculates its change speed. If the change value of the pressure value exceeds the preset value, the limit relay on the control coil is closed, thereby energizing the coil. The energized coil is magnetic and will attract the permanent magnet on the gear to prevent the gear from rotating, thereby limiting the movement of the baffle, avoiding the potential safety hazards caused by the baffle being bounced open when the sample explodes multiple times.

[0028] This design can monitor the deformation and stress of the sample in real time and accurately, providing operators with accurate experimental data. In particular, when the sample bulges and explodes due to internal uneven cracks, this design can respond quickly and take corresponding measures to ensure the reliability of the experimental data.

[0029] Furthermore, the displacement sensor includes: a conversion unit, a housing, a potentiometer and a displacement rod. The housing is fixed on the bottom plate, the potentiometer is located inside the housing, and a spring is provided inside the housing. One end of the displacement rod is connected to the spring, and the other end extends out of the housing. A contact is provided on the end of the displacement rod connected to the spring and is slidably connected to the potentiometer. The conversion unit is used to convert the voltage signal of the potentiometer into the displacement parameter of the displacement rod.

[0030] With the above structure, when using, power is loaded at both ends of the potentiometer. The potentiometer itself is similar to a sliding rheostat. The resistance is changed by sliding the contact on the potentiometer, thereby obtaining a voltage signal representing the distance. The voltage signal can be converted into a displacement parameter through a conversion unit. Such a structure is relatively simple. It only needs to compare the displacement parameters before and after the start to obtain the lateral deformation of the sample, and the structure is simple.

[0031] Furthermore, the reversing part includes: gears and a transmission shaft, the gears are respectively arranged at the ends of the trigger rod and the linkage rod, and the gears are connected by a transmission shaft. When the trigger rod is pushed upward into the pressure head, the gear at the end of the trigger rod rotates accordingly, and this rotation is transmitted to the gear at the end of the linkage rod through the transmission shaft, thereby driving the linkage rod to move horizontally and extend from both sides of the pressure head.

[0032] By adopting the above structure, the linkage operation between the trigger rod and the linkage rod can be realized, and the vertical movement of the trigger rod can be converted into the horizontal movement of the linkage rod. The design is ingenious and the structure is simple.

[0033] Furthermore, the reversing part includes: a pneumatic cylinder and a piston rod, the piston rod is respectively arranged at the end of the trigger rod and the linkage rod, the piston rods are connected by the pneumatic cylinder, and the pneumatic cylinder is filled with compressed air. When the trigger rod is pushed upward into the pressure head, the piston rod at the end of the trigger rod is pushed into the pneumatic cylinder, and the air is squeezed to make the piston rod at the end of the linkage rod extend, thereby driving the linkage rod to move horizontally and extend from both sides of the pressure head.

[0034] By adopting the above structure, the compressed air inside the pneumatic cylinder is used as the power source to ensure that the linkage rod can respond quickly when the trigger rod is activated. This structure not only improves the response speed and reliability of the equipment, but also the combined design of the pneumatic cylinder and the piston rod makes the entire reversing part compact and easy to maintain.

[0035] Furthermore, the reversing part includes: a slide groove, a slider and a connecting rod, the slide grooves are respectively arranged at the ends of the trigger rod and the linkage rod, the slider has three pieces, one piece is located at the end of the trigger rod, and the other two pieces are respectively located at the ends of the two linkage rods, the slider located at the end of the trigger rod is connected with the two sliders located at the ends of the linkage rod through the connecting rod, when the trigger rod is pushed upward into the pressure head, the slider is pushed to slide upward, and under the action of the connecting rod, the two sliders located at the ends of the linkage rod push the linkage rod to move, so that the linkage rod moves horizontally from both sides of the pressure head and extends out.

[0036] By adopting the above structure, the elastic potential energy of the spring is fully utilized to convert the linear motion of the trigger rod into the horizontal movement of the linkage rod, thereby realizing the reversing action. The structure is simple and easy to install and maintain.

[0037] Furthermore, the precision scale can also be vertically arranged on the top plate. When the pressure head moves downward, the trigger rod is pushed into the pressure head, and the reversing part causes the linkage rod to extend from the side. The pointer at the free end of the linkage rod just points to the 0 scale of the precision scale. During the downward movement of the pressure head, the pointer is driven to move downward until the sample is broken. At this time, the scale pointed to by the pointer is the vertical deformation of the sample.

[0038] With the above structure, after the test is completed, the operator only needs to read the scale value on the precision scale to obtain the vertical deformation of the sample. Due to the design of the linkage rod, the pointer can always move synchronously with the pressure head. Through the cooperation of the precision scale and the pointer, the vertical deformation of the sample can be accurately detected and recorded, ensuring the accuracy of the test results. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] Figure 1 It is a left side view of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 2 It is a front view of embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 3 is the cross-sectional view of the pressure head;

[0042] Figure 4 This is an enlarged view of the lateral deformation detection component.

[0043] The following is a further detailed description through specific implementation methods:

[0044] The figure marks in the drawings of the specification include: press 1, top plate 2, support column 3, protective plate 4, bottom plate 5, pressure head 6, trigger rod 7, linkage rod 8, pointer 9, precision scale 10, baffle 11, reversing part 12, first gear 13, first rack 14, displacement sensor 15. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] The embodiment is basically as shown in the attached Figure 1 As shown:

[0046] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0047] Example 1

[0048] See also Figure 1-Figure 4 The present invention provides a technical solution: a quality detection device for concrete used in water conservancy projects, comprising:

[0049] The detection compartment includes a top plate 2, a support column 3 perpendicular to the bottom plate, a bottom plate 5, and a protective plate 4. The protective plate 4 is located on both sides of the bottom plate 5. The top plate 2 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the support column 3.

[0050] The pressing member includes a press machine 1 and a pressing head 6. The press machine 1 is located above the top plate 2. A plurality of detachable and height-adjustable pressing heads 6 are provided at the bottom of the press machine 1. The pressing heads 6 are threadedly connected to the press machine 1. The top plate 2 is provided with a connecting hole for the pressing heads 6 to pass through.

[0051] A lateral deformation detection component includes a baffle 11, a first gear 13, a first rack 14, and a displacement sensor 15. The first rack 14 is fixed on the surface of the bottom plate 5. The baffle 11 is perpendicular to the first rack 14. The baffle 11 and the first rack 14 are slidably connected through the first gear 13. The bottom of the baffle 11 is provided with a displacement sensor 15 for detecting the sliding distance of the baffle 11 on the bottom plate 5. The displacement sensor includes: a conversion unit, a housing, a potentiometer and a displacement rod. The housing is fixed on the bottom plate. The potentiometer is located inside the housing. The potentiometer model is SL4521N, and the resistance value is B50K. At the same time, a spring is provided in the housing. One end of the displacement rod is connected to the spring, and the other end extends out of the housing. A contact is provided on the end of the displacement rod connected to the spring and is slidably connected to the potentiometer. The conversion unit is used to convert the voltage signal of the potentiometer into a displacement parameter of the displacement rod;

[0052] The vertical deformation detection component includes a trigger rod 7, a linkage rod 8, a pointer 9, a precision scale 10 and a reversing part 12. One end of the trigger rod 7 extends from the center bottom of the pressure head 6, and the other end is provided with a reversing part 12. The reversing part 12 is used to convert the vertical power of the trigger rod 7 into the horizontal force of the linkage rod 8. The free end of the linkage rod 8 can extend from both sides of the middle of the pressure head 6. The pointer 9 is fixed to the free end of the linkage rod 8. The precision scale 10 is located on the baffle 11, and the pointer 9 cooperates with the precision scale 10 when the linkage rod 8 extends from the middle of the pressure head 6.

[0053] It should be noted that, when working, first place the concrete sample on the bottom plate 5, then install the pressure head 6, and set the baffles 11 along the first rack 14 on both sides of the sample. Under the action of the bottom spring member 16, the baffles 11 are tightly fitted with the concrete sample, and then adjust the pressure head 6 according to the height of the concrete sample so that the trigger rod 7 at the center of the pressure head 6 fits with the upper end of the sample. Lifting plates are provided below the two sides of the bottom plate 5, and there are grooves on the bottom plate for the lifting plates to pass through. The top plate is provided with a pulley block, and the traction rope passes through the pulley block at one end to connect to the pressure head 6, and the other end to connect to the lifting plate.

[0054] Then start the press 1, which drives the pressure head 6 to move downward, and the trigger rod 7 is gradually pushed into the pressure head 6 by the sample. The other end of the trigger rod 7 is provided with a reversing part 12, which is composed of a pneumatic cylinder and a piston rod. When the trigger rod 7 is completely pushed into the pressure head 6, the piston rod connected to the other end of the trigger rod 7 is pushed into the pneumatic cylinder, squeezing the air so that the linkage rod 8 extends horizontally from both sides of the pressure head 6, thereby driving the pointer 9 to point to the 0 scale of the precision scale 10 attached to the side of the baffle 11. At the same time, the pressure head 6 moves downward to make the traction rope pull the lifting plate up to protect the detection compartment, and the pulley block can effectively enlarge the lifting distance of the lifting plate.

[0055] Then the pressure head 6 applies a load to the concrete sample, and the concrete sample undergoes vertical and horizontal deformation under the action of the load. The vertical deformation causes the pointer 9 to move downward, and the distance the pointer moves up and down on the scale 10 is the vertical deformation size of the sample. The horizontal deformation causes the baffles 11 on both sides of the sample to slide along the first rack 14, and the baffles 11 push the displacement rod to move. As the displacement rod moves, the contact slides on the resistance track of the potentiometer, thereby changing the output voltage value of the potentiometer. The conversion unit is responsible for receiving the voltage signal output by the potentiometer, and converting these signals into the displacement parameters of the displacement rod through a built-in algorithm, that is, obtaining the horizontal deformation size of the sample.

[0056] Example 2

[0057] Compared with Example 1, the only difference is that the detection box is provided with a protection unit, which includes a lifting plate, a second rack, a multi-stage gear transmission, a pulley, a traction rope and a capstan. The lifting plate is arranged below both sides of the bottom plate, and there is a through groove on the bottom plate for the lifting plate to pass freely. The second rack is arranged on the side of the pressure head 6. The multi-stage gear transmission and the capstan are both arranged on the top plate. The multi-stage gear transmission includes an input gear, two intermediate gears and an output gear. The input gear has 30 teeth and meshes with the second rack. The two intermediate gears have 54 teeth and mesh with the input gear and the output gear respectively. The output gear has 90 teeth. The output gear is also connected to the capstan and can drive the capstan to rotate. The pulley is arranged on the edges of both sides of the top plate to guide the direction of the traction rope. The traction rope passes around the pulley, one end is connected to the capstan, and the other end is connected to the lifting plate. Start the press 1, the pressure head 6 slowly moves down, the second rack drives the input gear to rotate, and through the multi-stage gear transmission, drives the output gear and the capstan to rotate synchronously. The rotation of the winch will pull the traction rope, causing the lifting plate to pass through the groove and slowly rise. After rising, it forms a closed space with the protective plates 4 on both sides to protect the detection compartment.

[0058] Example 3

[0059] Compared with Example 1, the only difference is that the detection compartment is provided with a protection unit, which includes a lifting plate, a pulley block and a traction rope. The lifting plate is arranged below the two sides of the bottom plate, and there is a through groove on the bottom plate for the lifting plate to pass freely. The pulley block includes two fixed pulleys and two movable pulleys. The fixed pulley is arranged on the top plate and is fixed and is used to change the direction of the traction rope. The movable pulley is arranged on the traction rope and moves with the movement of the traction rope. One end of the traction rope is connected to the pressure head 6, and the other end is connected to the lifting plate through the guidance of the pulley block. The configuration of the pulley block enables the pressure head 6 to move a small distance through the amplification effect of the pulley block, and drive the traction rope and the lifting plate to move a large distance. Start the press 1, the pressure head 6 moves slowly downward, the traction rope is pulled, and after the guidance and amplification of the pulley block, the lifting plate rises along the through groove to form a closed space with the baffles on both sides.

[0060] Example 4

[0061] Compared with Example 1, the only difference is that the detection compartment is provided with a protection unit, which includes a lifting plate, a lever system and a traction rope. The lifting plate is arranged below both sides of the bottom plate, and the bottom plate has a through groove for the lifting plate to pass freely. The lever system is arranged on the top plate, including a power arm, a resistance arm and a fulcrum. The ratio of the length of the resistance arm to the length of the power arm is 5:1. One end of the traction rope is connected to the pressure head 6, and the other end passes around the pulley on the top plate and is connected to the power arm of the lever system. The other end of the resistance arm is connected to the lifting plate through another traction rope. As the resistance arm moves, the lifting plate will rise along the through groove until it forms a closed space with the protection plates 4 on both sides. This design makes full use of the amplifying effect of the lever system, so that a small movement of the pressure head can drive the lifting plate to rise and fall significantly.

[0062] Example 5

[0063] Compared with Example 1, the only difference is that the displacement sensor includes: a conversion unit, a housing and a gear, the housing is fixed on the baffle, the gear is meshed with the first rack, one side of the gear is rotatably connected to the inside of the housing, a permanent magnet is fixed on the other side of the gear, a coil is also fixed on the housing, the coil is located near the permanent magnet, the coil is signal-connected to the conversion unit, the coil is also connected to a limit power supply circuit, a limit relay is provided on the limit power supply circuit, the conversion unit is used to convert the number of rotations of the permanent magnet into a displacement parameter of the baffle, the conversion unit is signal-connected to the controller, and the limit relay is signal-connected to the controller;

[0064] A plurality of strain patches are respectively arranged on the side of the baffle, a pressure elastic member is arranged between the strain patch and the surface of the baffle, a pressure connecting pipe for balancing the internal pressure between the pressure elastic members is arranged between the pressure elastic members on the same side of the baffle, the two ends of the elastic member are respectively fixed to the baffle and the strain patch, the strain patch is used to obtain the pressure value of the sample on the strain patch, and the strain patch is respectively connected to the controller signal;

[0065] When the baffles on both sides of the sample are close to the sample, the pressure elastic parts on the baffles first contact the baffles. Since the surface of the sample is not smooth but uneven, the elastic parts can fit the surface of the sample well and transmit the deformation characteristics of the sample to the strain patch. After starting the press, the sample undergoes lateral deformation, pushing the baffle to move, so the gear rotates. Every time the gear rotates one circle, the permanent magnet on the gear will cut the coil on the outer shell to generate a circuit signal, and the conversion unit converts this signal into the displacement parameter of the baffle.

[0066] The controller continuously receives the pressure value of the strain patch and calculates its changing speed. If the change value of the pressure value exceeds the preset value, the limit relay on the control coil is closed, thereby energizing the coil. The energized coil is magnetic and will attract the permanent magnet on the gear to prevent the gear from rotating, thereby limiting the movement of the baffle. During the compression process, the sample bulges and explodes locally due to internal uneven cracks. The impact force on the baffle is obviously greater than the normal value. At this time, the pressure value obtained at some positions of the strain patch will show a sudden change. The controller can generate a compensation value based on the pressure value of the strain patch and the number of strain patches squeezed by the sample, and then obtain the displacement parameters of the baffle, compensate for the displacement parameters of the baffle, and finally obtain the actual lateral deformation of the sample. This structure can not only detect the deformation of the sample in real time and accurately, but also eliminate the influence of the fragments of the sample on the test results, ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the experimental data.

[0067] Example 6

[0068] Compared with the embodiment 1, the only difference is that the reversing part 12 includes: gears and transmission shafts. The gears are respectively arranged at the ends of the trigger rod and the linkage rod. There are three gears, all of which have 30 teeth. The gears are connected by transmission shafts. The two ends of the transmission shafts are tightly matched with the center holes of the two gears, and are fixed by keyways and keys. When the press machine 1 is started, the ram 6 slowly moves downward, the trigger rod 7 is pushed upward into the ram, and the gear at the end of the trigger rod 7 rotates clockwise. This rotation is transmitted to the two gears at the end of the linkage rod 8 through the transmission shaft to make them rotate together. The linkage rod 8 is driven by the gears and moves horizontally from both sides of the ram 6.

[0069] Example 7

[0070] Compared with the embodiment 1, the only difference is that the reversing part 12 includes: a slide groove, a slider and a connecting rod. The slide groove is respectively arranged at the ends of the trigger rod 7 and the linkage rod 8. The slider has three pieces, one piece is located at the end of the trigger rod 7, and the other two pieces are respectively located at the ends of the two linkage rods 8. The slider located at the end of the trigger rod 7 is connected with the two sliders located at the ends of the linkage rod 8 through the connecting rod. The precision scale 10 is vertically arranged on the top plate. When the press machine 1 is started, the pressure head 6 slowly moves downward, the trigger rod 7 is pushed upward into the pressure head, and the slider is pushed upward. Under the action of the connecting rod, the two sliders located at the ends of the linkage rod 8 push the linkage rod and move slowly, so that the linkage rod 8 moves horizontally from both sides of the pressure head 6. The pointer at the free end of the linkage rod 8 just points to the 0 scale of the precision scale. During the downward movement of the pressure head 6, the pointer 9 is driven to move downward until the sample is broken. At this time, the scale pointed to by the pointer 9 is the vertical deformation of the sample.

[0071] The above is only an embodiment of the present invention, and the common knowledge such as the known specific structure and characteristics in the scheme is not described in detail here. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, several deformations and improvements can be made without departing from the structure of the present invention, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, and these will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the practicality of the patent. The scope of protection required by this application shall be based on the content of its claims, and the specific implementation methods and other records in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A concrete strength quality detection device for water conservancy projects, characterized in that: include: The detection compartment includes a bottom plate, a top plate, a protective plate and a support column perpendicular to the bottom plate, wherein the protective plates are located on both sides of the bottom plate, and the top plate is fixedly connected to the upper end of the support column; The pressing member includes a press and a pressing head. The press is located above the top plate. A plurality of detachable and height-adjustable pressing heads are provided at the bottom of the press. The pressing heads are threadedly connected to the press. A connecting hole for the pressing heads to pass through is provided on the top plate. The lateral deformation detection component comprises a first rack, a baffle, a first gear and a displacement sensor, wherein the first rack is fixed to the surface of the bottom plate, the baffle is perpendicular to the first rack, the baffle and the first rack are slidably connected via the first gear, and the displacement sensor is located at the bottom of the baffle and fixed to the bottom plate; A vertical deformation detection component includes a trigger rod, a linkage rod, a pointer and a precision scale. One end of the trigger rod extends from the center bottom of the pressure head, and the other end is provided with a reversing part, which is used to convert the vertical power of the trigger rod into the horizontal force of the linkage rod. The free end of the linkage rod can extend from both sides of the middle of the pressure head. The pointer is fixed to the free end of the linkage rod. The precision scale is located on the baffle, and the pointer cooperates with the precision scale when the linkage rod extends from the middle of the pressure head. The displacement sensor comprises: a conversion unit, a housing and a gear, the housing is fixed on the baffle, the gear is meshed with the first rack, one side of the gear is rotatably connected to the inside of the housing, a permanent magnet is fixedly arranged on the other side of the gear, a coil is also fixedly arranged on the housing, the coil is located near the permanent magnet, the coil is signal-connected to the conversion unit, a limit power supply circuit is also connected to the coil, a limit relay is arranged on the limit power supply circuit, the conversion unit is used to convert the number of rotations of the permanent magnet into a displacement parameter of the baffle, the conversion unit is signal-connected to the controller, and the limit relay is signal-connected to the controller; A plurality of strain patches are respectively arranged on the side of the baffle, a pressure elastic member is arranged between the strain patch and the surface of the baffle, a pressure connecting pipe for balancing the internal pressure between the pressure elastic members is arranged between the pressure elastic members on the same side of the baffle, the two ends of the elastic member are respectively fixed to the baffle and the strain patch, the strain patch is used to obtain the pressure value of the sample on the strain patch, and the strain patch is respectively connected to the controller signal; The controller is also used to obtain the pressure value of the strain patch and the number of strain patches squeezed by the sample, generate a compensation value, and then obtain the displacement parameters of the baffle to compensate for the displacement parameters of the baffle; and judge the changing speed of the pressure value according to the pressure value of the strain patch; if the changing speed exceeds the preset value, the limit relay is controlled to close.

2. A quality detection device for concrete used in water conservancy projects according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detection compartment is provided with a protection unit, which includes a lifting plate, a second rack, a multi-stage gear transmission, a pulley, a traction rope and a winch. The lifting plate is arranged below both sides of the bottom plate, and the bottom plate has a through groove for the lifting plate to pass through. After lifting, it can form a closed space with the baffles on both sides. The second rack is arranged on the side of the pressure head. The multi-stage gear transmission and the winch are both arranged on the top plate. The multi-stage gear transmission includes an input gear, an intermediate gear and an output gear. The gears are meshed with each other, and the input gear is also meshed with the second rack. The output gear is connected to the winch. The pulley is arranged on the edges of both sides of the top plate. The traction rope passes around the pulley, one end of which is connected to the winch, and the other end is connected to the lifting plate.

3. A quality detection device for concrete used in water conservancy projects according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detection compartment is provided with a protection unit, which includes a lifting plate, a pulley block and a traction rope. The lifting plate is arranged below both sides of the bottom plate, and the bottom plate has a through groove for the lifting plate to pass through. After being lifted, it can form a closed space with the baffles on both sides. The pulley block includes a plurality of fixed pulleys and movable pulleys. The fixed pulley is arranged on the top plate, and the movable pulley is arranged on the traction rope and moves with the traction rope. The traction rope passes around the fixed pulley and the movable pulley, and one end is connected to the pressure head, and the other end is connected to the lifting plate.

4. A quality detection device for concrete used in water conservancy projects according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detection compartment is provided with a protection unit, which includes a lifting plate, a lever system and a traction rope. The lifting plate is arranged below both sides of the bottom plate, and the bottom plate has a groove for the lifting plate to pass through. After being raised, it can form a closed space with the baffles on both sides. The lever system is arranged on the top plate, including a power arm, a resistance arm and a fulcrum. The length of the resistance arm is much larger than that of the power arm. The traction rope connects the pressure head and the power arm, as well as the resistance arm and the lifting plate.

5. A quality detection device for concrete used in water conservancy projects according to claim 4, characterized in that: The reversing part includes: gears and a transmission shaft. The gears are respectively arranged at the ends of the trigger rod and the linkage rod. The gears are connected by a transmission shaft. When the trigger rod is pushed upward into the pressure head, the gear at the end of the trigger rod rotates accordingly. This rotation is transmitted to the gear at the end of the linkage rod through the transmission shaft, thereby driving the linkage rod to move horizontally and extend from both sides of the pressure head.

6. A quality detection device for concrete used in water conservancy projects according to claim 4, characterized in that: The reversing part includes: a pneumatic cylinder and a piston rod, the piston rod is respectively arranged at the end of the trigger rod and the linkage rod, the piston rods are connected by the pneumatic cylinder, and the pneumatic cylinder is filled with compressed air. When the trigger rod is pushed upward into the pressure head, the piston rod at the end of the trigger rod is pushed into the pneumatic cylinder, squeezing the air to make the piston rod at the end of the linkage rod extend, thereby driving the linkage rod to move horizontally and extend from both sides of the pressure head.

7. A quality detection device for concrete used in water conservancy projects according to claim 4, characterized in that: The reversing part comprises: a slide groove, a slider and a connecting rod, the slide grooves are respectively arranged at the ends of the trigger rod and the linkage rod, the slider has three pieces, one piece is located at the end of the trigger rod, and the other two pieces are respectively located at the ends of the two linkage rods, the slider located at the end of the trigger rod is connected with the two sliders located at the ends of the linkage rod through the connecting rod; the precision scale is vertically arranged on the top plate, the press is started, the pressure head moves downward, the trigger rod is pushed upward into the pressure head, pushing the slider to slide upward, and under the action of the connecting rod, the two sliders located at the ends of the linkage rod push the linkage rod to move, so that the linkage rod moves horizontally from both sides of the pressure head and extends out, and the pointer at the free end of the linkage rod just points to the 0 scale of the precision scale, and the pointer is driven to move downward during the downward movement of the pressure head until the sample is broken. At this time, the scale pointed to by the pointer is the vertical deformation of the sample.

8. A quality inspection system for concrete used in water conservancy projects, characterized in that: A device as described in any one of claims 1 to 7 is used.

Images