A patch panel laser helical welding process

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of patch plate laser spiral welding processes, applied to the combination between main body and patch plate, the main body and patch plate are aluminum or aluminum alloy plated steel plate, comprising the following steps: S1, the main body is placed in fixture, the main body is positioned by hole pin, and main body is fixed by using cylinder clamping;S2, the patch plate is placed in fixture, and is placed on the main body, the patch plate is positioned by hole pin or the outer shape of the patch plate, and the patch plate is fixed by using cylinder clamping;S3, welding material is evenly located to the position of to-be-welded point;S4, laser spiral welding equipment is used to sequentially weld the position of to-be-welded point, to form welding area.The present application is not only efficient and reliable, but also can control the internal element of weld, inhibit the adverse effects of plated element, improve welding quality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a laser spiral welding process for patch panels, belonging to the field of laser beam processing technology. Background Technology

[0002] In vehicle design, different components require materials of varying strengths to meet different functional requirements. For example, some components need relatively low strength to absorb energy during a vehicle collision, while those that need to maintain their shape to protect occupants require high strength. Therefore, in areas requiring reinforcement, patches are typically added to enhance the strength of the components.

[0003] Traditionally, patch panels are welded to the surface of the main board by resistance spot welding. The process of resistance spot welding involves placing the part to be welded between two electrodes of a spot welding machine, heating the material to melt by applying electricity, and then bonding the materials together by applying pressure. Resistance spot welding is relatively inefficient, which affects production efficiency.

[0004] In contrast, laser spiral welding technology offers a more efficient welding method. It utilizes a vibration module to create a spiral weld seam with the laser head, significantly improving welding efficiency. Furthermore, the spiral scanning pattern of laser spiral welding facilitates gas escape during the welding process, making it particularly suitable for welding low-boiling-point coated steels, as the coating on these materials readily volatilizes during welding, forming gases or vapors. However, when the patch plate or main plate is made of high-boiling-point coated steel, the pre-coating can negatively impact weld quality. For example, when the patch plate or main plate is pre-coated with aluminum or aluminum alloy, the laser beam directly forms a weld pool on the patch plate surface. Since aluminum in the pre-coating has a high boiling point and is not easily volatilized, it eventually integrates into the weld seam. This results in areas with relatively high aluminum content forming intermetallic compound zones within the weld. These zones exhibit high brittleness after hot stamping, making them prone to cracking and accelerating weld failure. Although high-boiling-point coated steel can be directly joined by resistance spot welding because the pre-coating will diffuse to the surrounding area when spot welding is pressurized, reducing the aluminum content that penetrates into the weld area, this method is limited by welding efficiency. If laser spiral welding technology is used to weld high-boiling-point coated steel, aluminum elements will penetrate into the weld in large quantities, which will have an adverse effect on the welding quality.

[0005] Therefore, a laser spiral welding process for patch panels is needed that can effectively remove aluminum elements from the pre-plating layer without affecting the welding quality, ensuring both high efficiency and reliability when welding patch panels onto the main body. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a new technical solution to improve or solve the technical problems existing in the prior art as described above.

[0007] The technical solution provided by this invention is as follows: A laser spiral welding process for patch plates is applied to the bonding between a main component and a patch plate, wherein the main component and the patch plate are aluminum or aluminum alloy coated steel plates, and includes the following steps:

[0008] S1. Place the main body component into the fixture, position the main body component using the pin, and clamp and fix the main body component using a cylinder;

[0009] S2. Place the patch plate in the fixture and place it on the main body. Position the patch plate by means of the pin hole or the shape of the patch plate, and use a cylinder to clamp and fix the patch plate.

[0010] S3. Apply the welding material evenly to the area to be welded;

[0011] S4. Use a laser spiral welding device to weld the points to be welded in sequence to form a welded area.

[0012] The technical solution provided by this invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art: The patch plate laser spiral welding process of this invention is particularly suitable for welding aluminum or aluminum alloy coated steel plates. This invention combines welding material filling technology with laser spiral welding technology to achieve the control of internal elements in the weld. During the welding process, the welding material is uniformly applied to the welding points, effectively suppressing the potential adverse effects of coating elements on the weld, thereby significantly improving welding quality. Compared with traditional patch plate welding methods, this invention is not only highly efficient and reliable, but also able to control the internal elements of the weld, suppress the adverse effects of coating elements, and improve welding quality.

[0013] Based on the above technical solution, the present invention can be further improved as follows.

[0014] Further, in step S3, a card plate with holes is used to cover the patch plate, the holes of which match the positions of the points to be welded, the welding material is filled into the holes, and then the card plate is removed.

[0015] The beneficial effect of adopting the above-described further solution is that using a perforated clamping plate during the patch plate welding process, with the perforations precisely matching the welding points, ensures that the welding material is accurately and efficiently placed at the welding point. This method not only improves the accuracy and efficiency of welding but also reduces welding material waste, contributing to the formation of high-quality welds, thereby significantly improving the quality and efficiency of the entire welding process.

[0016] Furthermore, the volume of the hole is 5% to 8% larger than the volume of the welding material filling the hole.

[0017] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further solution are that it allows the welding material a certain degree of freedom and space within the cavity, which is conducive to better flow and diffusion of the welding material during the welding process, resulting in a more uniform and denser weld. At the same time, it can also reduce the bubbles and inclusions that may be generated during the welding process to a certain extent, thereby further improving the strength and toughness of the welded joint.

[0018] Furthermore, after welding, the amount of welding material filling in each welded area accounts for 10% to 20% of the volume of the welded area.

[0019] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further solution are as follows: First, by controlling the amount of welding material filling, the aluminum content in the weld can be effectively diluted, thereby improving the welding quality; second, this proportion of welding material filling can ensure that the welded area has enough welding material to guarantee the strength and sealing of the weld, while avoiding the welded area bulging and deformation that may be caused by excessive welding material. As a result, during the thermoforming process, the wear of the thermoforming mold is reduced due to the flatness of the welded area, thus extending the service life of the mold and reducing production costs. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention, which directly and uniformly applies welding material to the location to be welded.

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the patch plate covered by the card plate with holes according to the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a front view of the patch plate of the present invention after it has been welded onto the main body;

[0024] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 Sectional view along axis AA;

[0025] In the diagram, 1. Main component; 2. Patch plate; 3. Clamp plate; 31. Hole; 4. Welding material; 5. Welding area. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The principles and features of the present invention are described below with reference to examples. The examples are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0027] like Figure 1 As shown, a laser spiral welding process for a patch plate includes a main body 1 and a patch plate 2, wherein the main body 1 and the patch plate 2 are aluminum or aluminum alloy coated steel plates, and includes the following steps:

[0028] S1. Place the main body 1 into the fixture, position the main body 1 through the pin hole, and clamp and fix the main body 1 using a cylinder;

[0029] S2. Place the patch plate 2 into the fixture and place it on the main body 1. Position the patch plate 2 by means of the pin hole or the shape of the patch plate 2, and use a cylinder to clamp and fix the patch plate 2.

[0030] S3. Apply welding material 4 evenly to the location to be welded;

[0031] S4. Use a laser spiral welding device to weld the points to be welded in sequence to form a welded area 5.

[0032] like Figure 2 As shown, in step S3, a card plate 3 with holes 31 is used to cover the patch plate 2, the holes 31 being aligned with the location of the points to be welded, the welding material 4 is filled into the holes 31, and then the card plate 3 is removed.

[0033] The volume of the hole 31 is 5% to 8% larger than the volume of the welding material 4 filled into the hole 31.

[0034] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, after welding, the amount of welding material 4 filling the weld area 5 should account for 10% to 20% of the total weld volume of the weld area 5. In practical applications, the shape of the weld area 5 is usually trapezoidal or other irregular, and the size of the weld area 5 is calculated based on its shape. Controlling the amount of welding material 4 filling can not only effectively dilute the aluminum content in the weld, thereby improving the weld quality, but also ensure that the weld area 5 has sufficient strength and sealing, avoiding bulging deformation of the weld area 5 due to excessive filling of welding material 4.

[0035] When performing laser spiral welding on patch plate 2, the filling method can be flexibly selected according to the form of welding material 4. If welding material 4 is in paste form, a metering adhesive applicator can be used to evenly apply the paste welding material 4 to the welding point. When welding material 4 is in powder form, a card plate 3 with holes 31 can be used to cover patch plate 2, ensuring that the holes 31 precisely match the position of the welding point, and then the powdered welding material 4 is filled into these holes 31.

[0036] This invention proposes a laser spiral welding process for patch plates, particularly suitable for welding aluminum or aluminum alloy coated steel plates. This method combines filler material 4 with laser spiral welding technology to achieve control over the internal elements of the weld. During welding, filler material 4 is uniformly applied to the welding points, effectively suppressing the potential adverse effects of coating elements on the weld, thereby significantly improving weld quality. Compared with traditional patch plate 2 welding methods, this invention is not only highly efficient and reliable but also capable of controlling the internal elements of the weld, suppressing the adverse effects of coating elements, and improving weld quality.

[0037] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A laser spiral welding process for patch plates, applied to the bonding between a main body (1) and a patch plate (2), wherein the main body (1) and the patch plate (2) are aluminum or aluminum alloy coated steel plates, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Place the main body (1) into the fixture, position the main body (1) by the pin, and clamp and fix the main body (1) with a cylinder. S2. Place the patch plate (2) into the fixture and place it on the main body (1). Position the patch plate (2) by means of the pin hole or the shape of the patch plate (2). Use a cylinder to clamp and fix the patch plate (2). S3. Apply the welding material (4) evenly to the welding point; S4. Use a laser spiral welding device to weld the points to be welded in sequence to form a welded area (5). In step S3, a card plate (3) with holes (31) is used to cover the patch plate (2), the holes (31) matching the position of the welding point, the welding material (4) is filled into the holes (31), and then the card plate (3) is removed. After welding, the amount of welding material (4) inside each welded area (5) is 10% to 20% of the volume of the welded area (5); The volume of the hole (31) is 5% to 8% larger than the volume of the welding material (4) filled into the hole (31). By controlling the amount of welding material (4), not only can the aluminum content in the weld be effectively diluted, but also the welded area (5) can be ensured to have sufficient strength and sealing, and the welded area (5) can be prevented from protruding and deforming due to excessive amount of welding material (4).

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