Rare earth ore high temperature reduction roasting device, rare earth chloride extraction system and method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of rare earth metal roasting and extraction, and in particular to a rare earth ore high-temperature reduction roasting device, a rare earth chloride extraction system and a method; the system comprises a carbon powder feeding unit for feeding carbon powder and a rare earth feeding unit for feeding rare earth concentrate, and also comprises a rare earth roasting furnace; the rare earth feeding unit has the same structure as the carbon powder feeding unit; the output end of the rare earth feeding unit and the output end of the carbon powder feeding unit are connected to a mixing unit, and the output end of the mixing unit is used to mix carbon powder with rare earth concentrate; the output end of the mixing unit is connected to the rare earth roasting furnace; the invention solves the technical problem of how to realize automatic feeding of rare earth concentrate and carbon powder.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of rare earth metal roasting and extraction, and in particular to a rare earth ore high-temperature reduction roasting device, a rare earth chloride extraction system and a method. Background Art

[0002] The existing processes for decomposing bastnaesite and extracting rare earths include roasting process and alkali process. The alkali process is as follows: rare earth concentrate is mixed with alkali solution and subjected to heating and pressurizing reaction. The mixture of rare earth concentrate and alkali solution reacts under high temperature and pressure to obtain alkali decomposition products and low-concentration alkali solution. The low-concentration alkali solution is then reused in the front-end process without generating industrial solid waste. The alkali decomposition product is cooled and mixed with water to form a slurry for stirring. Concentrated hydrochloric acid is added under stirring to leach. The reaction formula is as follows:

[0003] The entire process is fully controlled by automated instruments, thereby achieving accurate metering of material loading.

[0004] The process flow of the roasting method is to first roast bastnaesite to decompose it; the cerium element in the ore mainly exists in a trivalent form, and during the roasting process, the trivalent cerium in the bastnaesite is easily oxidized to a tetravalent form; then concentrated hydrochloric acid is used to dissolve the roasting product, and a large amount of reducing agent is required to reduce the tetravalent cerium to trivalent cerium or metallic cerium.

[0005] The Chinese patent with the authorization announcement number CN115558810B discloses a method and device for extracting rare earth from bastnaesite; carbon powder is added during the reduction roasting of rare earth minerals, and the carbon powder reacts with oxygen during the oxidation roasting process, thereby inhibiting Oxidized to process; the crushed carbon powder and rare earth concentrate need to be placed in storage tanks to keep them dry and sealed; in the loading process, the storage tanks of rare earth concentrate and carbon powder need to be lifted to the loading platform by an overhead crane, and then loaded manually.

[0006] Therefore, the problem existing in the prior art is: how to realize the automatic loading of rare earth concentrate and carbon powder during the raw material roasting. Summary of the invention

[0007] The invention provides a rare earth ore high-temperature reduction roasting device, a rare earth chloride extraction system and a method, aiming to solve the problem of how to realize the automatic feeding of rare earth concentrate and carbon powder.

[0008] The technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:

[0009] In a first aspect, the present application proposes a rare earth ore high-temperature reduction roasting device, comprising a carbon powder feeding unit for feeding carbon powder and a rare earth feeding unit for feeding rare earth concentrate, and also comprising a rare earth roasting furnace; the rare earth feeding unit and the carbon powder feeding unit have the same structure; the output end of the rare earth feeding unit and the output end of the carbon powder feeding unit are connected to a mixing unit, and the output end of the mixing unit is used to mix carbon powder with rare earth concentrate; the output end of the mixing unit is connected to the rare earth roasting furnace; the rare earth feeding unit comprises a feeding base frame and a feeding platform arranged on the feeding base frame A storage tank assembly is provided on one side of the feeding platform; a lower hopper is provided on the lower side of the feeding platform; a screw feeder is provided at the bottom of the lower hopper, and the output end of the screw feeder is connected to the upper side of the mixing unit; a material receiving assembly is provided on the upper side of the feeding platform, the material receiving assembly includes a material receiving box body, the lower side of the material receiving box body is connected with the lower hopper, and a first connecting plate is provided on the upper side of the material receiving box body, the first connecting plate is connected to the second connecting plate through a bellows, and the second connecting plate is used for sealing and docking with the storage tank assembly; the inner cavity of the material receiving box body is provided with a conical guide hopper, and a sealing component is provided at the bottom of the guide hopper.

[0010] Furthermore, the sealing component includes a sealing rail relatively arranged inside the material receiving box, and a guide column is provided inside the sealing rail; two sealing plates are slidably fitted on the guide column inside the sealing rail, and sealing springs are passed through both ends of the guide column; an opening rail is vertically provided on the side of the material receiving box, and an opening plate of an L-shaped structure is slidably fitted in the opening rail, and the lower side of the opening plate is connected to one end of an opening rope, and the other end of the opening rope extends inside the material receiving box and is fixed to the side of the sealing plate; an opening push rod is provided on the outer side of the material receiving box, and a push head of the opening push rod is fixed to a push shaft; a through hole is provided at the horizontal end of the opening plate, and the upper side of the push shaft passes through the through hole and is connected to the second connecting plate; a perforated card plate is provided on the push shaft on the lower side of the opening plate, and the diameter of the perforated card plate is larger than the diameter of the through hole.

[0011] Furthermore, the push shaft is connected to the second connecting plate through a floating plate, the floating plate is arranged on the outer side of the second connecting plate, floating shafts are arranged on both sides of the second connecting plate, the second connecting plate is slidingly matched with the floating plate through the floating shaft, and floating springs are respectively passed through the floating shafts; the upper end of the push shaft passes through the floating plate upward and slides with the floating plate, and the end of the push shaft has a pressure head; a push shaft push plate is arranged on the push shaft on the upper side of the opening plate, and a push shaft spring is arranged on the push shaft between the push shaft push plate and the floating plate.

[0012] Furthermore, the tank storage assembly includes a mechanical arm and a clamping mechanism arranged at the execution end of the mechanical arm, the clamping mechanism is used to clamp the powder tank; a feed pipe is arranged on the upper side of the powder tank, and a sealing cap is threadedly matched at the end of the feed pipe; a clamping edge is arranged on the outer edge of the upper side of the powder tank; a powder discharge groove with a conical structure is arranged at the bottom of the inner cavity of the powder tank, and a driven opening member is arranged at the bottom of the powder discharge groove;

[0013] Furthermore, the driven opening part includes a powder tank slide rail relatively arranged inside the material receiving box body, and a slide rail column is provided inside the powder tank slide rail; two discharge plates are slidably fitted on the powder tank slide rail, and powder tank springs are passed through both ends of the slide rail column; a linkage rail is vertically provided on the side of the powder tank, and the linkage plate is slidably fitted with the linkage rail, and the lower side of the linkage plate is connected to one end of the linkage rope, and the other end of the linkage rope extends to the inside of the powder tank and is fixed to the side of the discharge plate; the horizontal end of the linkage plate is fixed to the matching plate through a fixing column.

[0014] Furthermore, the clamping mechanism includes an upper frame and a lower frame of a frame structure, a flange seat is provided in the middle position of the upper frame, the upper frame and the execution end of the robot arm are fixed by the flange seat, spring seats are provided at the four corners of the upper frame and the lower frame respectively, and the spring seats are fixed by shaking springs, a vibration mounting plate is provided in the middle position of the lower frame, and a vibration motor is provided on the vibration mounting plate; an ear plate is vertically provided on the lower side of the lower frame, and the tank push rod is provided on the ear plate; the push head of the tank push rod is fixed to the tank clamp.

[0015] Furthermore, a pressure-stopping cylinder is vertically arranged on both sides of the upper frame, a pressure-stopping plate is arranged on the push head of the pressure-stopping cylinder, pressure-stopping holes are arranged at both ends of the pressure-stopping plate, and the shaking spring is passed through the pressure-stopping holes; at the same time, six sets of fixing rings are arranged opposite to each other on the lower side of the upper frame and the upper side of the lower frame; the two opposite fixing rings are connected by steel wire ropes;

[0016] Further, the pressure stop cylinder extends, driving the pressure stop plate to move downward and contact with the lower frame, and the spring seat is sleeved into the pressure stop hole; the pressure stop plate continues to move downward, and the wire rope is straightened; when the powder tank is discharged, the pressure stop cylinder is retracted, and the upper frame is fixed to the lower frame by the shaking spring. At this time, the upper frame and the lower frame are flexibly connected.

[0017] The second aspect of the present application proposes a rare earth chloride extraction system, including the rare earth ore high-temperature reduction roasting device of the above-mentioned embodiment, and also including a stirring tank and a solid-liquid separator; the stirring tank is used to stir the slurry and concentrated hydrochloric acid; the solid-liquid separator is used to separate the stirred slurry and concentrated hydrochloric acid.

[0018] The third aspect of the present application provides a method for extracting rare earth chlorides, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:

[0019] In the first step, the rare earth concentrate and the carbon powder are transported to the mixing unit through the rare earth feeding unit and the carbon powder feeding unit respectively for mixing;

[0020] In the second step, the mixture of rare earth concentrate and carbon powder is roasted in a rare earth roasting furnace at a roasting temperature of 900° C. to 1500° C. to obtain a roasting product and fluorine-containing roasting tail gas;

[0021] The third step is to cool the roasted product and mix it with water to make a slurry, add it into a stirring tank for stirring, add concentrated hydrochloric acid under stirring conditions, control the acidity of the system to 0.5-1.5 mol / L, and leaching at a temperature of 70-90° C. for 1-3 hours;

[0022] In the fourth step, the acidity of the leaching solution is adjusted to pH 4.0-4.5 with ammonia water, and then filtered through a solid-liquid separator to obtain a mixed rare earth chloride solution.

[0023] The beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are as follows: carbon powder is automatically fed through the carbon powder feeding unit, and rare earth concentrate is automatically fed through the rare earth feeding unit. At the same time, during the feeding process, the opening push rod is extended, and when the second connecting plate moves upward to dock with the storage component, first, the push shaft spring can drive the second connecting plate to move upward and dock with the storage component. When the second connecting plate contacts the storage component, the perforated card plate contacts the opening plate; the opening push rod continues to extend, the push shaft moves upward, and the push shaft spring is squeezed, so that the second connecting plate and the storage component are pressurized and sealed; the perforated card plate pushes the opening plate upward, and the opening rope pulls the sealing plate to move outward; in this way, the lower hopper will not be opened until the second connecting plate is sealed and docked with the storage component, so as to ensure that the material does not contact with the air. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a rare earth ore high-temperature reduction roasting device of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the rare earth roasting furnace of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the rare earth feeding unit of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the material receiving assembly of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the first connecting plate and the second connecting plate of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the sealing component structure of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the docking action of the rare earth feeding unit of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the storage tank assembly of the present invention.

[0032] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a powder tank of the present invention.

[0033] Fig.10It is a structural schematic diagram of the driven opening member of the present invention.

[0034] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the coordinated action of the pressure head and the powder tank of the present invention.

[0035] Fig.12 The clamping mechanism structure of the present invention is schematically shown in FIG. Figure 1 .

[0036] Fig.13 The clamping mechanism structure of the present invention is schematically shown in FIG. Figure 2 .

[0037] Fig.14 It is a schematic diagram of the position of the knocking material guiding unit of the present invention.

[0038] Fig.15 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the knocking material guiding unit of the present invention.

[0039] Fig.16 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the stirring tank and the solid-liquid separator of the present invention.

[0040] In the figure, 1, rare earth roasting furnace; 2, mixing unit; 3, loading base frame; 4, loading platform; 5, lower hopper; 6, screw feeder; 7, material receiving box; 8, first connecting plate; 9, bellows; 10, second connecting plate; 11, sealing slot; 12, guide hopper; 13, sealing rail; 14, guide column; 15, sealing plate; 16, sealing spring; 17, opening rail; 18, opening plate; 19, opening rope; 20, mounting ear; 21. Open push rod; 22. Push shaft; 23. Perforation; 24. Perforated card plate; 25. Floating plate; 26. Floating shaft; 27. Floating spring; 28. Press head; 29. ​​Push shaft and push plate; 30. Push shaft spring; 31. Mechanical arm; 32. Powder tank; 33. Feed pipe; 34. Cover; 35. Clamping edge; 36. Powder discharge slot; 37. Powder tank slide rail; 38. Slide rail column; 39. Powder tank spring; 40. Discharge plate ; 41. linkage rail; 42. linkage plate; 43. linkage rope; 44. fixing column; 45. matching plate; 46. upper frame; 47. lower frame; 48. flange seat; 49. spring seat; 50. shaking spring; 51. vibration mounting plate; 52. vibration motor; 53. ear plate; 54. material tank push rod; 55. material tank clamp; 56. pressure stop cylinder; 57. pressure stop plate; 58. pressure stop hole; 59. fixing ring; 60. steel wire Rope; 61. Connecting frame; 62. Double-headed motor; 63. Swing shaft ear; 64. Swing shaft; 65. Knocking plate; 66. Knocking column; 67. Knocking spring; 68. Knocking head; 69. Reciprocating plate; 70. Hopper shaft; 71. Disturbance structure; 72. Receiving box shaft; 73. Spiral blade; 74. Rotating plate; 75. Rotating shaft; 76. Rotating sleeve; 77. Driving column; 78. Driving plate; 79. Mixing tank; 80. Solid-liquid separator. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] To facilitate those skilled in the art to understand the present invention, specific implementations of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0042] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal connection of two elements; for ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood through specific circumstances.

[0043] like Figure 1-2 As shown, the first aspect of the present invention provides a rare earth ore high-temperature reduction roasting device, including a carbon powder feeding unit for feeding carbon powder and a rare earth feeding unit for feeding rare earth concentrate (after crushing), and also includes a rare earth roasting furnace 1; the rare earth feeding unit has the same structure as the carbon powder feeding unit; the output end of the rare earth feeding unit and the output end of the carbon powder feeding unit are connected to a mixing unit 2, the output end of the mixing unit 2 is used to mix the carbon powder with the rare earth concentrate, and the mixing unit 2 can be a mixing tank; the output end of the mixing unit 2 is connected to the rare earth roasting furnace 1, and the rare earth roasting furnace 1 can be a rotary kiln or a roasting kiln; after the carbon powder and the rare earth concentrate are mixed, reduction roasting is carried out in the rare earth roasting furnace 1.

[0044] The rare earth feeding unit has the same structure as the carbon powder feeding unit. Figure 3 As shown, the rare earth feeding unit includes a feeding base frame 3 and a feeding platform 4 arranged on the feeding base frame 3, the feeding base frame 3 is used to be fixed to the ground, and a conical lower hopper 5 is arranged on the lower side of the feeding platform 4; a screw feeder 6 is arranged at the bottom of the lower hopper 5, the input end of the screw feeder 6 is communicated with the inside of the lower hopper 5, and the output end of the screw feeder 6 is connected to the upper side of the mixing unit 2; the material inside the lower hopper 5 is input into the mixing unit 2 through the screw feeder 6 for mixing; a material receiving assembly is arranged on the upper side of the feeding platform 4, and the material receiving assembly is used to seal and dock with the storage tank assembly; as shown Figure 4-5As shown, the material receiving assembly includes a material receiving box body 7 with a square cross-section, the lower side of the material receiving box body 7 is connected to the lower hopper 5 on the lower side of the loading platform 4, a first connecting plate 8 is provided on the upper side of the material receiving box body 7, a mounting channel is provided in the middle of the first connecting plate 8, the first connecting plate 8 is connected to one end of the bellows 9 through the mounting channel, the other end of the bellows 9 is connected to the mounting channel of the second connecting plate 10, the second connecting plate 10 is used for sealingly docking with the storage tank assembly, and a sealing groove 11 corresponding to the storage tank assembly is provided on the upper side of the second connecting plate 10; the inner cavity of the material receiving box body 7 is provided with a conical structure of the guide hopper 12, the bottom of the guide hopper 12 is provided with a sealing member, the sealing member is used to seal the upper side of the docking box body 7, so that the lower side of the material receiving box body 7 and the inside of the lower hopper 5 form a closed environment, when the mixing unit 2 mixes the carbon powder and the rare earth concentrate, the raw materials inside the lower hopper 5 are kept dry.

[0045] like Figure 6 As shown, the sealing component includes a sealing rail 13 relatively arranged inside the material receiving box 7, the sealing rail 13 is a C-shaped structure, and has a guide column 14 inside; two sealing plates 15 are slidably fitted on the guide column 14 inside the sealing rail 13, and sealing springs 16 are passed through the two ends of the guide column 14. An opening rail 17 is vertically provided on the side of the material receiving box 7, and an opening plate 18 of an L-shaped structure is slidably fitted in the opening rail 17. The lower side of the opening plate 18 is connected to one end of an opening rope 19, and the other end of the opening rope 19 extends to the material receiving box. The inside of the body 7 is fixed to the side of the sealing plate 15; the outer side of the material receiving box body 7 and the lower end of the opening rail 17 are provided with a mounting ear 20, and the opening push rod 21 is fixed on the mounting ear 20, and the push head of the opening push rod 21 passes through the mounting ear 20 upward and is fixed to the push shaft 22; a through hole 23 is provided at the horizontal end of the opening plate 18, and the upper side of the push shaft 22 passes through the through hole 23 and is connected to the second connecting plate 10; a perforated card plate 24 is provided on the push shaft 22 on the lower side of the opening plate 18, and the diameter of the perforated card plate 24 is larger than the diameter of the through hole 23; Figure 7 As shown, when the storage tank assembly moves to the upper side of the second connecting plate 10, the opening push rod 21 is extended, and the push shaft 22 drives the second connecting plate 10 to move upward to dock with the storage tank assembly, the bellows 9 is stretched, and after the perforated card plate 24 contacts the opening plate 18, the opening plate 18 is pushed upward, and the opening rope 19 pulls the sealing plate 15 to move outward, so that the lower hopper 5 is opened.

[0046] When the second connecting plate 10 is close to the storage tank assembly, the sealing plate 15 is opened by the assembly, which still causes the material to contact with the air. In order to solve this problem, Figure 4As shown, the push shaft 22 is connected to the second connecting plate 10 through a floating plate 25. The floating plate 25 is an annular structure arranged on the outer side of the second connecting plate 10. Floating shafts 26 are arranged on both sides of the second connecting plate 10. The second connecting plate 10 slides with the floating plate 25 through the floating shaft 26. The ends of the floating shaft 26 have an anti-slip structure. At the same time, floating springs 27 are respectively inserted on the floating shaft 26. The second connecting plate 10 can slide relative to the floating plate 25; the upper end of the push shaft 22 passes through the floating plate 25 upward and slides with the floating plate 25. The end of the push shaft 22 has a pressure head 28. By setting the pressure head 28, the push column can be prevented from slipping out of the floating plate 25; a push shaft push plate 29 is arranged on the push shaft 22 on the upper side of the opening plate 18, and the push shaft push plate 29 and the floating plate 26 are connected. A push shaft spring 30 is provided on the push shaft 22 between the movable plates 25; in this way, when the opening push rod 21 is extended and the second connecting plate 10 moves upward to dock with the storage tank assembly, the push shaft spring 30 can first drive the second connecting plate 10 to move upward to dock with the storage tank assembly, and when the second connecting plate 10 contacts the storage tank assembly, the perforated card plate 24 contacts the opening plate 18; the opening push rod 21 continues to extend, the push shaft 22 moves upward, and the push shaft spring 30 is squeezed, so that the second connecting plate 10 and the storage tank assembly are pressurized and sealed; the perforated card plate 24 pushes the opening plate 18 upward, and the opening rope 19 pulls the sealing plate 15 to move outward; in this way, the lower hopper 5 will not be opened until the second connecting plate 10 is sealed and docked with the storage tank assembly, which can ensure that the material does not contact with the air.

[0047] The present application proposes a sealing component with a specific connection structure, and is also equipped with a push shaft 22 with a specific structure and capable of opening the sealing component in a specific manner, so that the sealing plate will be opened in two stages only after the second connecting plate 10 of the device is sealed and docked with the storage tank assembly, thereby preventing the material from contacting the air.

[0048] like Figure 8 As shown, the tank storage assembly includes a mechanical arm 31 and a clamping mechanism provided at the execution end of the mechanical arm 31, and the clamping mechanism is used to clamp the powder tank 32; Fig. 9 The figure shows a schematic diagram of the structure of the powder tank 32. The powder tank 32 is a square structure. A feed pipe 33 is provided on the upper side of the powder tank 32. The end of the feed pipe 33 is threadedly matched with a cover 34. A clamping edge 35 is provided on the outer edge of the upper side of the powder tank 32. The clamping mechanism lifts the powder tank 32 through the clamping edge 35. A conical powder discharge groove 36 is provided at the bottom of the inner cavity of the powder tank 32. A driven opening member is provided at the bottom of the powder discharge groove 36. The driven opening member includes a powder tank slide rail 37 relatively arranged inside the powder tank 32. A slide rail column 38 is provided in the powder tank slide rail 37. Two discharge plates 40 are slidably matched on the powder tank slide rail 37. Both ends of the slide rail column 38 are penetrated with powder tank springs 39. Fig.10As shown, a linkage rail 41 is vertically provided on the side of the powder tank 32, and a linkage plate 42 is slidably matched with the linkage rail 41. The lower side of the linkage plate 42 is connected to one end of a linkage rope 43, and the other end of the linkage rope 43 extends inside the powder tank 32 and is fixed to the side of the discharge plate 40; the horizontal end of the linkage plate 42 is fixed to the matching plate 45 through a fixing column 44.

[0049] When using, Fig.11 As shown, the opening push rod 21 is extended, and after the second connecting plate 10 is sealed and docked with the lower side of the powder tank 32, the pressure head 28 contacts the matching plate 45, and the push shaft 22 moves upward beyond the second connecting plate 10, and pushes the linkage plate 42 upward, so that the discharge plate 40 slides open, so that the lower hopper 5 will be opened only after the second connecting plate 10 is sealed and docked with the lower side of the powder tank 32; the upward movement of the push shaft 22 has a two-stage action process, the first stage of the working process first realizes the flexible pressure sealing of the second connecting plate 10 and the powder tank 32, and the second stage of the working process synchronously opens the sealing plate 15 and the discharge plate 40.

[0050] The clamping mechanism is used to clamp the powder tank 32, which can be a clamping cylinder structure; the powder raw material is loaded in the powder tank 32, and when the discharge plate 40 is opened, it will be difficult to discharge the material; in order to solve this problem, Fig.12 As shown, the clamping mechanism includes an upper frame 46 and a lower frame 47 of a frame structure, a flange seat 48 is provided in the middle of the upper frame 46, and the upper frame 46 and the execution end of the robot arm 31 are fixed by the flange seat 48, and spring seats 49 are provided at the four corners of the upper frame 46 and the lower frame 47, and the spring seats 49 are fixed by shaking springs 50 (the shaking springs 50 have a large progress coefficient), and a vibration mounting plate 51 is provided in the middle of the lower frame 47, and a vibration motor 52 is provided on the vibration mounting plate 51; an ear plate 53 is vertically provided on the lower side of the lower frame 47, and a tank push rod 54 is provided on the ear plate 53; the tank push rod 54 is provided on the ear plate 53; The push head of the rod 54 is fixed to the L-shaped tank clamp 55; when in use, the robotic arm 31 drives the clamping mechanism to move to a position corresponding to the powder tank 32, the tank push rod 54 extends, and the tank clamp 55 is clamped on the clamping edge 35 to clamp and fix the powder tank 32; then the robotic arm 31 drives the powder tank 32 to move to a position corresponding to the material receiving assembly, the opening push rod 21 extends, the second connecting plate 10 and the powder tank 32 are flexibly pressed and sealed, the sealing plate 15 and the discharge plate 40 are opened, and the vibration motor 52 is turned on at this time, and the lower frame 47 transmits the vibration to the powder tank 32 to assist in discharging, and the shaking spring 50 will buffer the shaking.

[0051] When the powder tank 32 is moved, the shaking spring 50 will be deformed, and the structural stability is poor. In order to solve this problem; Fig.13As shown, a pressure-stopping cylinder 56 is vertically provided on both sides of the upper frame 46, and a pressure-stopping plate 57 is provided on the push head of the pressure-stopping cylinder 56. Pressure-stopping holes 58 are provided on both ends of the pressure-stopping plate 57. The pressure-stopping holes 58 are circular in structure and larger than the spring seat 49. The shaking spring 50 passes through the pressure-stopping holes 58. At the same time, six groups of fixing rings 59 (left and right sides, three groups on one side) are provided on the lower side of the upper frame 46 and the upper side of the lower frame 47. The two opposite fixing rings 59 are connected by a steel wire rope 60 (in the natural state, the steel wire rope 60 is in a relaxed state). When the powder tank 32 is moved, the pressure-stopping cylinder 5 6 extends, driving the stop plate 57 to move downward and contact the lower frame 47, and the spring seat 49 is inserted into the stop hole 58; the stop plate 57 continues to move downward, and the wire rope 60 is stretched straight; at this time, the upper frame 46 and the lower frame 47 form a rigid whole through the stop cylinder 56 and the stop plate 57, so as to form a rigid structure when the powder tank 32 is transported; when the powder tank 32 is discharged; the stop cylinder 56 is retracted, and the upper frame 46 is fixed to the lower frame 47 through the shaking spring 50, and the upper frame 46 and the lower frame 47 are flexibly connected; the vibration motor 52 is turned on to assist the discharge of the powder tank 32.

[0052] When feeding powder products, the lower side of the receiving box 7 and the inside of the lower hopper 5 are prone to blockage; in order to solve this problem; Figure 14-15 As shown, the feeding platform 4 is provided with a knocking material guiding unit for guiding the material box 7 and the lower hopper 5; the knocking material guiding unit includes a connecting frame 61 fixed to the feeding platform 4 and a double-headed motor 62 arranged on the connecting frame 61, and two swing shaft ears 63 are relatively arranged on the upper side of the connecting frame 61, and the ends of the swing shaft ears 63 are rotatably matched with a swing shaft 64; a reciprocating plate 69 is provided on the upper side of the swing shaft 64; a knocking plate 65 is vertically provided at the end of the reciprocating plate 69; knocking columns 66 are vertically provided at the ends of the two sides of the knocking plate 65, and the upper side of the knocking column 66 is connected to the knocking head 68 through a knocking spring 67; the lower side of the swing shaft 64 is connected to the hopper shaft 70, and the hopper shaft 70 extends to the lower Inside the hopper 5, a disturbance structure 71 is provided on the lower side of the hopper shaft 70; two drive plates 78 are provided on the swing shaft 64 between the swing shaft ears 63, and a drive column 77 is vertically provided between the drive plates 78, and the drive plate 78 swings synchronously with the swing shaft 64; one end of the double-headed motor 62 is connected to one end of the material receiving box shaft 72 through a coupling, and the other end of the material receiving box shaft 72 extends inside the material receiving box body 7, and a spiral blade 73 is provided at the end of the material receiving box shaft 72; the other end of the double-headed motor 62 passes through the connecting frame 61 and is connected to the rotating plate 74, and a rotating shaft 75 is provided at the edge where the rotating plate 74 is connected, and a rotating sleeve 76 is provided at the end of the rotating shaft 75; the rotating sleeve 76 is slidably matched on the driving column 77;

[0053] When discharging materials, the double-headed motor 62 rotates to drive the receiving box shaft 72 and the rotating plate 74 to rotate simultaneously. The rotation of the receiving box shaft 72 causes disturbance to the inside of the connecting material box to assist in material discharge; the rotating plate 74 rotates to drive the rotating sleeve 76 to slide along the driving column 77, thereby driving the swing shaft 64 to rotate reciprocatingly; the swing shaft 64 rotates reciprocatingly, and the knocking plate 65 swings left and right, so that the knocking head 68 knocks the outer wall of the lower side of the receiving box body 7; the hopper shaft 70 reciprocates forward and reversely, causing disturbance to the inside of the lower hopper 5; the disturbance and knocking of the receiving box body 7 are realized by the double-headed motor 62, and at the same time, disturbance is caused to the inside of the lower hopper 5.

[0054] like Fig.16 As shown, the second aspect of the present application proposes a rare earth chloride extraction system, including the rare earth ore high-temperature reduction roasting device of the above-mentioned embodiment, and also including a stirring tank 79 and a solid-liquid separator 80; the rare earth concentrate and carbon powder are roasted in a rare earth roasting furnace 1 to obtain a roasting product, and the roasting product is adjusted into a slurry with water after cooling; the stirring tank 79 is used to stir the slurry and concentrated hydrochloric acid; the solid-liquid separator 80 is used to separate the stirred slurry and concentrated hydrochloric acid, and filter to obtain a leachate.

[0055] The third aspect of the present application provides a method for extracting rare earth chlorides, comprising the following steps:

[0056] In the first step, the rare earth concentrate and the carbon powder are transported to the mixing unit 2 through the rare earth feeding unit and the carbon powder feeding unit respectively for mixing;

[0057] In the second step, the mixture of rare earth concentrate and carbon powder is roasted in a rare earth roasting furnace 1 at a roasting temperature of 900°C to 1500°C to obtain a roasting product and a fluorine-containing roasting tail gas; under this condition, the rare earth in the mineral is converted into a fluorine-containing .

[0058] The third step is to cool the roasted product and mix it with water to make a slurry, add it into the stirring tank 79 for stirring, add concentrated hydrochloric acid under stirring conditions, adjust the pH to 0.2-0.3, and leaching for 1-3 hours at a temperature of 70-90° C.; the reaction formula is as follows:

[0059] Then filter to obtain the leachate; in the fourth step, adjust the acidity of the leachate to pH 4.0-4.5 with ammonia water to remove impurities such as iron and thorium, and then filter through a solid-liquid separator 80 to obtain a pure mixed rare earth chloride solution.

[0060] If the fixing method is not separately introduced above, the general technical means used by technicians in the industry are used, such as welding, nesting, or threaded fixing.

[0061] The following points need to be explained:

[0062] (1) The drawings of the embodiments of the present invention only relate to the structures related to the embodiments of the present invention, and other structures may refer to the general design.

[0063] (2) For the sake of clarity, in the drawings used to describe the embodiments of the present invention, the thickness of the layers or regions is exaggerated or reduced, that is, these drawings are not drawn according to the actual scale. It is understood that when an element such as a layer, film, region or substrate is referred to as being "on" or "under" another element, the element may be "directly" "on" or "under" the other element or there may be intermediate elements.

[0064] (3) In the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features therein may be combined with each other to obtain new embodiments.

[0065] The above are only specific embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. The protection scope of the present invention shall be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A rare earth ore high temperature reduction roasting device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a carbon powder feeding unit for feeding carbon powder and a rare earth feeding unit for feeding rare earth concentrate, and also comprises a rare earth roasting furnace (1); the rare earth feeding unit and the carbon powder feeding unit have the same structure; the output end of the rare earth feeding unit and the output end of the carbon powder feeding unit are connected to a mixing unit (2), and the output end of the mixing unit (2) is used to mix carbon powder and rare earth concentrate; the output end of the mixing unit (2) is connected to the rare earth roasting furnace (1); the rare earth feeding unit comprises a feeding base frame (3) and a feeding platform (4) arranged on the feeding base frame (3), a storage tank assembly is arranged on one side of the feeding platform (4); a lower side of the feeding platform (4) is provided with a lower A hopper (5); a screw feeder (6) is provided at the bottom of the lower hopper (5), and the output end of the screw feeder (6) is connected to the upper side of the mixing unit (2); a material receiving assembly is provided on the upper side of the loading platform (4), and the material receiving assembly comprises a material receiving box (7), the lower side of the material receiving box (7) is connected to the lower hopper (5), and a first connecting plate (8) is provided on the upper side of the material receiving box (7), and the first connecting plate (8) is connected to a second connecting plate (10) through a bellows (9), and the second connecting plate (10) is used for sealing and docking with the storage tank assembly; the inner cavity of the material receiving box (7) is provided with a conical material guide hopper (12), and a sealing component is provided at the bottom of the material guide hopper (12); The sealing component comprises a sealing rail (13) arranged relatively inside the material receiving box (7), wherein the sealing rail (13) has a guide column (14); two sealing plates (15) are slidably fitted on the guide column (14) inside the sealing rail (13), and sealing springs (16) are inserted at both ends of the guide column (14); an opening rail (17) is vertically provided on the side of the material receiving box (7), and an opening plate (18) of an L-shaped structure is slidably fitted in the opening rail (17); the lower side of the opening plate (18) is connected to one end of an opening rope (19), and the opening rope (19) is connected to the sealing rail (17); The other end of the opening plate (19) extends into the interior of the material receiving box (7) and is fixed to the side of the sealing plate (15); an opening push rod (21) is provided on the outside of the material receiving box (7), and the push head of the opening push rod (21) is fixed to the push shaft (22); a through hole (23) is provided at the horizontal end of the opening plate (18), and the upper side of the push shaft (22) passes through the through hole (23) and is connected to the second connecting plate (10); a perforated card plate (24) is provided on the push shaft (22) on the lower side of the opening plate (18), and the diameter of the perforated card plate (24) is larger than the diameter of the through hole (23); The push shaft (22) is connected to the second connecting plate (10) via a floating plate (25), the floating plate (25) is arranged on the outer side of the second connecting plate (10), floating shafts (26) are arranged on both sides of the second connecting plate (10), the second connecting plate (10) is slidably matched with the floating plate (25) via the floating shaft (26), and floating springs (27) are respectively passed through the floating shafts (26); the upper end of the push shaft (22) passes through the floating plate (25) upwards and slidably matches with the floating plate (25), and the end of the push shaft (22) has a pressure head (28); a push shaft push plate (29) is arranged on the push shaft (22) on the upper side of the opening plate (18), and a push shaft spring (30) is arranged on the push shaft (22) between the push shaft push plate (29) and the floating plate (25); When the opening push rod (21) is extended and the second connecting plate (10) moves upward to dock with the storage tank assembly, the push shaft spring (30) first drives the second connecting plate (10) to move upward to dock with the storage tank assembly, the second connecting plate (10) contacts the storage tank assembly, and the perforated card plate (24) contacts the opening plate (18); the opening push rod (21) continues to extend, the push shaft (22) moves upward, and the push shaft spring (30) is squeezed, so that the second connecting plate (10) and the storage tank assembly are pressurized and sealed; the perforated card plate (24) pushes the opening plate (18) upward, and the opening rope (19) pulls the sealing plate (15) to move outward; after the second connecting plate (10) is sealed and docked with the storage tank assembly, the lower hopper (5) is opened.

2. The rare earth ore high temperature reduction roasting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tank storage assembly comprises a mechanical arm (31) and a clamping mechanism disposed at an execution end of the mechanical arm (31), the clamping mechanism being used to clamp a powder tank (32); a feed pipe (33) is disposed on the upper side of the powder tank (32), a sealing cap (34) is threadedly engaged at the end of the feed pipe (33); a clamping edge (35) is disposed on the outer edge of the upper side of the powder tank (32); a powder discharge groove (36) of a conical structure is disposed at the bottom of the inner cavity of the powder tank (32), and a driven opening member is disposed at the bottom of the powder discharge groove (36).

3. The rare earth ore high temperature reduction roasting device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The driven opening member comprises a powder tank slide rail (37) arranged relatively inside the powder tank (32), a slide rail column (38) being arranged inside the powder tank slide rail (37); two discharge plates (40) are slidably matched on the powder tank slide rail (37), and powder tank springs (39) are passed through both ends of the slide rail column (38); a linkage rail (41) is vertically arranged on the side of the powder tank (32), the linkage plate (42) is slidably matched with the linkage rail (41), the lower side of the linkage plate (42) is connected to one end of a linkage rope (43), and the other end of the linkage rope (43) extends inside the powder tank (32) and is fixed to the side of the discharge plate (40); the horizontal end of the linkage plate (42) is fixed to the matching plate (45) through a fixing column (44).

4. The rare earth ore high temperature reduction roasting device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The clamping mechanism comprises an upper frame (46) and a lower frame (47) of a frame structure, a flange seat (48) is provided in the middle of the upper frame (46), and the upper frame (46) and the execution end of the mechanical arm (31) are fixed by the flange seat (48), four corners of the upper frame (46) and the lower frame (47) are respectively provided with spring seats (49), and the spring seats (49) are fixed by shaking springs (50), a vibration mounting plate (51) is provided in the middle of the lower frame (47), and a vibration motor (52) is provided on the vibration mounting plate (51); an ear plate (53) is vertically provided on the lower side of the lower frame (47), and a material tank push rod (54) is arranged on the ear plate (53); and a push head of the material tank push rod (54) is fixed to a material tank clamping plate (55).

5. The rare earth ore high temperature reduction roasting device according to claim 4, characterized in that: A pressure-stop cylinder (56) is vertically provided on both sides of the upper frame (46), a pressure-stop plate (57) is provided on the push head of the pressure-stop cylinder (56), pressure-stop holes (58) are provided at both ends of the pressure-stop plate (57), and the shaking spring (50) is inserted into the pressure-stop hole (58); at the same time, six groups of fixing rings (59) are provided on the lower side of the upper frame (46) and the upper side of the lower frame (47) opposite to each other; two opposite fixing rings (59) are connected by a steel wire rope (60).

6. The rare earth ore high temperature reduction roasting device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The stop cylinder (56) extends, driving the stop plate (57) to move downward and contact the lower frame (47), and the spring seat (49) is inserted into the stop hole (58); the stop plate (57) continues to move downward, and the steel wire rope (60) is stretched straight; when the powder tank (32) is discharged, the stop cylinder (56) is retracted, and the upper frame (46) is fixed to the lower frame (47) by the shaking spring (50), and the upper frame (46) and the lower frame (47) are flexibly connected.

7. A rare earth chloride extraction system, characterized in that: It comprises the rare earth ore high-temperature reduction roasting device as claimed in claim 1, and also comprises a stirring tank (79) and a solid-liquid separator (80); the stirring tank (79) is used to stir the slurry and the concentrated hydrochloric acid; the solid-liquid separator (80) is used to separate the stirred slurry and the concentrated hydrochloric acid.

8. A method for extracting rare earth chlorides, using the rare earth chloride extraction system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The following steps are included: In the first step, the rare earth concentrate and the carbon powder are transported to the mixing unit (2) through the rare earth feeding unit and the carbon powder feeding unit respectively for mixing; In the second step, the mixture of the rare earth concentrate and the carbon powder is roasted in a rare earth roasting furnace (1) at a roasting temperature of 900° C. to 1500° C. to obtain a roasting product and a fluorine-containing roasting tail gas; The third step is to cool the roasted product and mix it with water to form a slurry, add it into a stirring tank (79) for stirring, add concentrated hydrochloric acid under stirring conditions to adjust the pH to 0.2-0.3, and leaching at a temperature of 70-90° C. for 1-3 hours; In the fourth step, the acidity of the leaching solution is adjusted to pH 4.0-4.5 with aqueous ammonia, and then filtered through a solid-liquid separator (80) to obtain a mixed rare earth chloride solution.

Images