A spike insulation structure for preventing a rail tie from being conducted through a spike by an iron tie plate

Abstract

The present application discloses a spike insulation structure for preventing iron pad and sleeper from being conducted through spike, which comprises a spike hole one arranged on the iron pad, a spike fixing hole arranged on the sleeper, an insulation pad arranged between the iron pad and the sleeper and a spike hole two, the spike passes through the spike hole one and the spike hole two in turn and is fixed in the spike fixing hole, the spike insulation structure further comprises an insulation assembly capable of sleeving the spike, so that the spike is connected with the iron pad and the sleeper through the insulation assembly and rainwater is prevented from entering. The insulation assembly comprises an upper insulation sleeve and a lower insulation threaded sleeve, the upper insulation sleeve is sleeved on the outer periphery of the upper segment of the spike, forms an insulation layer between the spike and the iron pad in the spike hole one, the lower insulation threaded sleeve is sleeved on the outer periphery and the bottom end of the lower segment of the spike through threaded cooperation, forms an insulation layer between the spike and the sleeper in the spike fixing hole, and the upper insulation sleeve and the lower insulation threaded sleeve are sealingly connected. The insulation assembly further comprises a sealing cap, the spike head of the spike and the upper end of the upper insulation sleeve are sealed in the inner space of the cap of the sealing cap.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to a spike insulation structure for preventing the conduction of iron pads and sleepers through spikes, and belongs to the technical field of track insulation. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the rapid development of urban rail transit, the insulation problem of rail transit has attracted more and more attention. In the urban metro line direct current transportation system, the current mainstream design is to use the rail as the circuit loop, so that the rail actually becomes the current loop conductor in the train power supply line. Since the rail is laid on the ground through the sleeper, it is very close to the ground, and it is necessary to prevent current from flowing into the ground. The current flowing into the ground will cause electric corrosion to the underground steel structure of the tunnel and the buildings along the line, causing disastrous consequences. The way to prevent current from flowing into the ground is usually to set an insulation structure between the rail and the sleeper pad and between the rail and the spring strip. However, due to the close distance between the rail and the sleeper pad, iron filings formed by long-term and high-frequency grinding of the wheel rail will flow from the rail to the iron pad with rainwater in rainy days, so that the rainwater with the conductive iron filings will be a conductor to conduct between the rail and the iron pad. In this case, the insulation structure between the rail and the sleeper pad is basically ineffective. In order to avoid the conduction of the electrified sleeper pad and the sleeper directly connected to the ground, an insulating pad is also arranged between the sleeper pad and the sleeper, and a spike insulation structure is also arranged to avoid the conduction of the sleeper pad and the sleeper through the spike (the spike is used to fix the sleeper pad on the sleeper).

[0003] Patent No. 202322080891.3, entitled "Rail protection device", discloses a bolt insulation structure, which is sleeved on the screw rod of the spike, the upper end of the bolt insulation structure covers the bottom surface of the head part of the spike, and the edge of the upper end of the bolt insulation structure extends outward to form a second protection body. The second protection body includes a second horizontal section extending outward from the edge; or, the second protection body includes a second inclined section extending outward and downward from the edge; or, the second protection body includes a second horizontal section extending outward from the edge, and a second inclined section extending outward and downward from the outer edge of the second horizontal section. The rail protection device further includes a gasket arranged between the head part of the spike and the iron pad, and the bolt insulation structure (4) further includes an insulating pad, which covers the top of the gasket, and the outer edge of the insulating pad extends outward to form the second protection body.

[0004] Since the insulation measures currently adopted are basically based on the insulation components made of insulation materials, the above patent documents do not pay attention to the water tightness between the insulation components in structure, that is, in the case of rainwater accumulation, rainwater can still enter through the gasket, especially after the gasket is worn for a long time. The current technology does not fully consider the balance of the force required by the horizontal impact of the iron pad on the spike when the spike is insulated. In the above prior art, a large gap is formed between the outer periphery of the spike and the hole wall of the iron pad, and the impact from the horizontal direction of the iron pad is only resisted by the insulator provided between the spike head and the gasket, which can aggravate the wear between the gasket and the insulating part and increase the possibility of rainwater intrusion. SUMMARY

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present application is how to provide stable insulation protection between the spike and the iron pad.

[0006] In view of the above problems, the technical solution provided by the present application is:

[0007] A spike insulation structure for preventing the iron pad and the sleeper from being conducted through the spike, comprising a spike hole one provided on the iron pad, a spike fixing hole provided on the sleeper, an insulating gasket provided between the iron pad and the sleeper, and a spike hole two of the insulating gasket, the spike passes through the spike hole one and the spike hole two in turn and is fixed in the spike fixing hole, and the spike insulation structure further comprises an insulating assembly capable of sleeving the spike therein, so that the spike is connected with the iron pad and the sleeper through the insulating assembly and rainwater is prevented from entering.

[0008] The insulating assembly comprises an upper insulating sleeve and a lower insulating threaded sleeve, each having a bolt through hole and a threaded bolt hole, the upper insulating sleeve is sleeved on the outer periphery of the upper segment of the spike to form an insulation layer between the spike and the iron pad in the spike hole one, and the lower insulating threaded sleeve is sleeved on the outer periphery of the lower segment of the spike and the bottom end by threaded cooperation to form an insulation layer between the spike and the sleeper in the spike fixing hole, and the upper insulating sleeve and the lower insulating threaded sleeve are sealingly connected.

[0009] The insulating assembly further comprises a sealing cap, which seals the spike head of the spike and the upper end of the upper insulating sleeve in the inner space of the cap of the cap.

[0010] The upper segment of the spike hole two of the insulating gasket is expanded radially outward to form an abutting hole with a diameter larger than that of the spike hole two for abutting with the bottom end of the upper insulating sleeve, so that the bottom of the abutting hole forms an annular bottom pad, the annular bottom end surface of the upper insulating sleeve is sealingly attached to the upper surface of the annular bottom pad, and the annular top surface of the lower insulating threaded sleeve is sealingly attached to the lower bottom surface of the annular bottom pad, forming a spike cavity capable of containing the spike and being sealed from top to bottom.

[0011] The insulating gasket is an elastic gasket.

[0012] The inner wall of the docking hole is provided with a plurality of radially inwardly protruding lower buckle blocks, and the lower buckle blocks and the annular bottom pad have a spacing to form a lower buckle slot, and the outer periphery of the bottom end of the upper insulating sleeve is provided with a plurality of radially outwardly protruding upper buckle blocks corresponding to the lower buckle slot, and the upper buckle blocks have upper buckle slots corresponding to the lower buckle blocks, and when docking, the upper buckle blocks are inserted from the spacing between the lower buckle blocks to the bottom end of the upper insulating sleeve and the annular bottom pad, and when the upper buckle blocks are in close contact with the annular bottom pad, the upper buckle blocks are rotated to be clamped into the corresponding lower buckle slot, and the lower buckle blocks are clamped into the corresponding upper buckle slot.

[0013] It also includes a steel sleeve with a flange, which is sleeved in the spike hole I on the iron pad and is pressed on the upper surface of the iron pad around the spike hole I.

[0014] The middle part of the outer periphery of the upper insulating sleeve has an annular groove, and the steel sleeve is sleeved in the annular groove of the upper insulating sleeve.

[0015] The steel sleeve is sleeved in the annular groove of the upper insulating sleeve, which is achieved by placing the steel sleeve in the mold and then injection molding the upper insulating sleeve.

[0016] It also includes a spring washer pressed between the spike head and the upper end surface of the upper insulating sleeve. Advantages

[0017] 1. The spike is insulated from all force receiving components;

[0018] 2. The insulation assemblies are butted without gaps, which prevents the entry of iron-containing rainwater and forms a conductive circuit;

[0019] 3. The spike is connected tightly with the iron pad and the sleeper through the insulation assembly, so that the force between the spike and the iron pad and the sleeper is instant and uniform, avoiding the damage of the associated components caused by excessive impact force;

[0020] 4. The buckle type connection between the upper insulating sleeve and the insulating pad can pre-assemble the iron pad and the insulating pad through the upper insulating sleeve before construction, which can significantly improve the construction efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional schematic view of the track fixed installation involving the spike insulation structure;

[0022] Figure 2 It is a sectional view of the spike insulation structure;

[0023] Figure 3 It is a sectional view of the assembly of the insulation assembly in the spike insulation structure;

[0024] Figure 4This is an exploded view of the insulating assembly and other related components;

[0025] Figure 5 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of the snap-fit ​​connection structure between the upper insulating sleeve and the insulating pad;

[0026] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram showing the separation of the steel outer jacket and the upper insulating sleeve.

[0027] In the diagram: 1. Rail spike; 2. Iron pad; 201. Rail spike hole one; 3. Insulating pad; 301. Rail spike hole two; 302. Butt hole; 303. Lower clip block; 304. Lower clip groove; 305. Annular bottom pad; 4. Sleeper; 401. Rail spike fixing hole; 5. Upper insulating sleeve; 501. Annular groove; 502. Washer hole; 503. Upper clip block; 504. Upper clip groove; 505. Bolt through hole; 6. Lower insulating threaded sleeve; 601. Threaded bolt hole; 7. Sealing cap; 8. Steel outer sleeve; 801. Flange edge; 9. Spring washer; 10. Flat washer; 11. Spring clip; 12. Rail; 13. Rail spike cavity. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The present invention will be further described below with reference to embodiments and accompanying drawings:

[0029] like Figure 1 , 2 As shown, a rail spike insulation structure to prevent the iron pad plate and the sleeper from being connected by rail spikes includes a rail spike hole 201 on the iron pad plate 2, a rail spike fixing hole 401 on the sleeper 4, an insulating pad 3 between the iron pad plate 2 and the sleeper 4, and a rail spike hole 301 therebetween. The rail spike 1 passes downward through the rail spike hole 201 and the rail spike hole 301 and is fixed in the rail spike fixing hole 401. Its function is to fix the iron pad plate to the sleeper 4. Then, the rail 12 is fixed to the iron pad plate 2 by a spring clip 11 that acts on the iron pad plate on one side and presses on the rail foot on the other side. The rail spike insulation structure also includes an insulating component that can completely enclose the rail spike 1, so that the rail spike 1 is tightly connected to the iron pad plate 2 and the sleeper 4 through the insulating component and prevents rainwater from entering. In this way, the insulating components of the rail spike insulation structure insulate the rail spike 1 from all surrounding functional components. At the same time, the rail spike head exerts pressure on the iron pad 2, and the rail spike 1 rod body bears the horizontal impact force of the iron pad 2 and the sleeper evenly and immediately through the tightly contacted insulating components. This prevents relative displacement of the insulating component joint from causing wear, thereby preventing the formation of water ingress gaps and ensuring long-term stable insulation protection between the rail spike and the iron pad 2.

[0030] The tight connection referred to here means a connection with no gap or a very small gap, such as the connection between the rail spike 1 and the insulating part, and the connection between the insulating part and the iron pad 2 with no gap or a very small gap.

[0031] likeFigure 2 As shown in Figure 4, the above-mentioned insulating assembly includes an upper insulating sleeve 5 and a lower insulating threaded sleeve 6, which are respectively equipped with bolt through holes 505 and threaded bolt holes 601. The upper insulating sleeve 5 is fitted around the outer periphery of the upper section of the track spike 1, forming an insulating layer between the track spike 1 and the iron pad 2 in the track spike hole 201. The lower insulating threaded sleeve 6 is fitted around the outer periphery and bottom end of the lower section of the track spike 1 through threaded engagement, forming an insulating layer between the track spike 1 and the sleeper 4 in the track spike fixing hole 401. The upper insulating sleeve 5 and the lower insulating threaded sleeve 6 are sealed together, thereby preventing the formation of a water ingress gap between the upper insulating sleeve 5 and the lower insulating threaded sleeve 6.

[0032] The upper insulating sleeve 5 and the lower insulating threaded sleeve 6 are made of composite materials with high rigidity.

[0033] The lower insulating threaded sleeve 6 has an internal thread that mates with the rail spike, and also has an external thread. The inner wall of the rail spike fixing hole 401 opened on the sleeper 4 has an internal thread that mates with the external thread of the lower insulating threaded sleeve 6.

[0034] like Figure 3 , 5 As shown, the upper section of the spike hole 301 of the insulating pad 3 expands radially outward to form a mating hole 302 with a diameter larger than that of the spike hole 301, for mating with the bottom end of the upper insulating sleeve 5. This forms an annular bottom pad 305 at the bottom of the mating hole 302. The annular bottom surface of the upper insulating sleeve 5 is sealed and fitted with the upper surface of the annular bottom pad 305, and the annular top surface of the lower insulating threaded sleeve 6 is sealed and fitted with the lower bottom surface of the annular bottom pad 305. In other words, the annular bottom surface of the upper insulating sleeve 5 and the annular top surface of the lower insulating threaded sleeve 6 clamp the annular bottom pad 305 between them, forming a vertically through and sealed spike cavity 13 that can accommodate the spike 1, thereby achieving a sealed mating between the upper insulating sleeve 5 and the lower insulating threaded sleeve 6.

[0035] The insulating pad 3 is an elastic pad, which makes the annular bottom pad 305 elastic, thus better ensuring the sealing between the upper insulating sleeve 5 and the lower insulating threaded sleeve 6.

[0036] The inner wall of the mating hole 302 has multiple radially inwardly protruding lower locking blocks 303 of equal arc length. A gap exists between the lower locking blocks 303 and the annular base pad 305, forming a lower locking groove 304. The outer periphery of the bottom end of the upper insulating sleeve 5 has multiple radially outwardly protruding upper locking blocks 503 corresponding to the lower locking grooves 304. Above each upper locking block 503 is an upper locking groove 504 corresponding to the lower locking blocks 303. During mating, the upper locking blocks 503 are inserted from the gaps between the lower locking blocks 303 until the bottom end of the upper insulating sleeve 5 is tightly against the annular base pad 305, then rotated, causing the upper locking blocks 503 to engage in the corresponding lower locking grooves 304, and simultaneously, the lower locking blocks 303 engage in the corresponding upper locking grooves 504. This enhances the stability of the connection between the upper insulating sleeve 5 and the insulating pad 3. Most importantly, this snap-fit ​​connection allows for pre-assembly of the iron pad 2 and the insulating pad 3 via the upper insulating sleeve 5 before construction, significantly improving construction efficiency.

[0037] like Figure 1 As shown in Figure 3, the insulating assembly also includes a sealing cap 7, which seals the spike head of the track spike 1 and the upper end of the upper insulating sleeve 5 within the space inside the sealing cap 7. In this way, the entire top and outer periphery of the track spike 1 are sealed by the insulating assembly, preventing rainwater from entering from top to bottom. The sealing cap 7 can be made of a high-hardness composite material or an elastic rubber material, and its connection with the upper insulating sleeve 5 is preferably a threaded fit.

[0038] like Figure 5 , 6 As shown, the track spike insulation structure also includes a steel outer sleeve 8 with a flange 801. The steel outer sleeve 8 is fitted outside the upper insulating sleeve 5 and inside the track spike hole 201 on the iron pad 2, with its flange 801 pressing against the upper surface of the iron pad 2 around the track spike hole 201. The upper insulating sleeve 5 has an annular groove 501 in the middle of its outer periphery, and the steel outer sleeve 8 is fitted inside and fixed in the annular groove 501 of the upper insulating sleeve 5. Since the upper insulating sleeve 5 is made of composite material, it is prone to wear due to contact and friction with the iron pad 2. Furthermore, since the iron pad 2 vibrates in multiple directions during train operation, if the upper insulating sleeve 5 directly and continuously contacts and rubs against the vibrating iron pad 2, it will cause damage to the contact area between the upper insulating sleeve 5 and the iron pad 2. Fitting the steel outer sleeve 8 inside the annular groove 501 of the upper insulating sleeve 5 and fixing it ensures that the steel outer sleeve 8 and the upper insulating sleeve 5 are integrally connected rather than loosely connected, effectively preventing the upper insulating sleeve 5 from being worn.

[0039] The steel outer sleeve 8 is fitted into and fixed within the annular groove 501 of the upper insulating sleeve 5 by placing the steel outer sleeve 8 into a mold and injection molding the upper insulating sleeve 5.

[0040] The stud insulation structure further comprises a spring washer 9 pressed between the stud head and the upper end surface of the upper insulation sleeve 5, so that the pressure between the upper insulation sleeve 5 and the lower insulation threaded sleeve 6 is maintained for a long time, and the airtightness between the insulation components is maintained for a long time.

[0041] In fact, a flat washer 10 is further arranged between the spring washer 9 and the stud head.

[0042] The top end of the upper insulation sleeve 5 has a washer hole 502 with a hole diameter larger than the bolt through hole 505 for accommodating the spring washer 9 and the flat washer 10.

[0043] The above embodiments are only used for more clearly describing the present application, and cannot be considered as limiting the protection scope covered by the present application, and any equivalent modification shall be considered as falling within the protection scope covered by the present application.

Claims

1. A rail spike insulation structure for preventing communication between a rail pad and a sleeper via a rail spike, comprising a rail spike hole one (201) on the rail pad (2), a rail spike fixing hole (401) on the sleeper (4), an insulating pad (3) between the rail pad (2) and the sleeper (4) and its rail spike hole two (301), wherein the rail spike (1) passes downward through the rail spike hole one (201) and the rail spike hole two (301) and is fixed in the rail spike fixing hole (401), characterized in that: The track spike insulation structure also includes an insulation component that can completely enclose the track spike (1), so that the track spike (1) is tightly connected to the iron pad (2) and the sleeper (4) through the insulation component and prevents rainwater from entering; the insulation component includes an upper insulation sleeve (5) and a lower insulation threaded sleeve (6) having bolt through holes (505) and threaded bolt holes (601) respectively. The upper insulation sleeve (5) is fitted around the outer periphery of the upper section of the track spike (1) and forms an insulation layer between the track spike (1) and the iron pad (2) in the first track spike hole (201). The lower insulation threaded sleeve (6) The sleeve (6) is threaded onto the lower outer periphery and bottom end of the spike (1), forming an insulating layer between the spike (1) and the sleeper (4) inside the spike fixing hole (401). The upper insulating sleeve (5) and the lower insulating threaded sleeve (6) are sealed together. The upper section of the spike hole (301) of the insulating pad (3) is radially expanded outward to form a mating hole (302) with a diameter larger than that of the spike hole (301) for mating with the bottom end of the upper insulating sleeve (5), so that an annular bottom pad (305) is formed at the bottom of the mating hole (302). The upper insulating sleeve ( 5) The annular bottom end face is sealed and fitted with the upper surface of the annular bottom pad (305), and the annular top face of the lower insulating threaded sleeve (6) is sealed and fitted with the lower bottom face of the annular bottom pad (305), forming a rail spike cavity (13) that is open from top to bottom and sealed to accommodate the rail spike (1); the inner wall of the mating hole (302) is provided with multiple radially inward protruding lower latching blocks (303) of equal arc length, and there is a gap between the lower latching blocks (303) and the annular bottom pad (305) to form a lower latching groove (304), and the bottom end of the upper insulating sleeve (5) is sealed and fitted with the upper bottom pad (305). The circumference is provided with a plurality of upper latching blocks (503) that protrude radially outward and correspond to the lower latching groove (304). The upper latching blocks (503) have upper latching grooves (504) corresponding to the lower latching blocks (303) above them. When docking, the upper latching blocks (503) are inserted from the gap between the lower latching blocks (303) into the bottom end of the upper insulating sleeve (5) and rotated when they are in close contact with the annular bottom pad (305), so that the upper latching blocks (503) are engaged in the corresponding lower latching grooves (304), and at the same time the lower latching blocks (303) are engaged in the corresponding upper latching grooves (504).

2. The rail spike insulation structure for preventing the iron pad plate and the sleeper from conducting through the rail spike as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The insulating assembly also includes a sealing cap (7), which seals the spike head of the spike (1) and the upper end of the upper insulating sleeve (5) within the cap space of the sealing cap (7).

3. The rail spike insulation structure for preventing the iron pad plate and the sleeper from conducting through the rail spike as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The insulating pad (3) is an elastic pad.

4. The rail spike insulation structure for preventing the iron pad plate and the sleeper from conducting through the rail spike as described in claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a steel jacket (8) with a flange (801), which is fitted over the upper insulating sleeve (5) and into the spike hole (201) on the iron pad (2), with its flange (801) pressing against the upper surface of the iron pad (2) around the spike hole (201).

5. The rail spike insulation structure for preventing the iron pad plate and the sleeper from conducting through the rail spike as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The upper insulating sleeve (5) has an annular groove (501) in the middle of its outer periphery, and the steel outer sleeve (8) is fitted inside the annular groove (501) of the upper insulating sleeve (5).

6. The rail spike insulation structure for preventing the iron pad plate and the sleeper from conducting through the rail spike as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The steel jacket (8) is fitted into the annular groove (501) of the upper insulating sleeve (5) by placing the steel jacket (8) in a mold and injection molding the upper insulating sleeve (5).

7. The rail spike insulation structure for preventing the iron pad and sleeper from conducting through the rail spike as described in claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a spring washer (9) pressed between the spike head and the upper end face of the upper insulating sleeve (5).

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