A gradient hardening adaptive tool system and method of use

Abstract

The application discloses a gradient hardening adaptive tool system and a use method, wherein the gradient hardening adaptive tool system comprises a tool assembly, a pressure sensor, a hydraulic module, a pressure adjusting module and a motion control module; the pressure sensor is used for sensing the pressure of the tool assembly; the hydraulic module is connected with the tool assembly to provide the machining pressure of the tool assembly; the pressure adjusting module is connected with the tool assembly to provide the machining pressure of the tool assembly, and the response speed of the pressure adjusting module applied to the tool assembly is greater than that of the hydraulic module; the pressure sensor, the hydraulic module and the pressure adjusting module are all connected with the motion control module. The tool assembly is simultaneously controlled by the hydraulic module and the pressure adjusting module, and when the pressure suddenly changes, the pressure adjusting module can adjust the pressure at the position of the tool assembly to be within a preset pressure range, so that the machining quality of parts, especially parts of large-length-diameter rotary members, is stably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of mechanical manufacturing technology, and in particular to a gradient hardening adaptive tool system and its usage method. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of mechanical manufacturing, especially for rotating parts, there is a pursuit of high surface hardness of the parts and good overall toughness. As we all know, most metal materials have a decrease in toughness when the hardness is increased. The higher the hardness, the worse the toughness. This is especially true for rotating parts with a large length-to-diameter ratio (length:diameter > 20).

[0003] In gradient nanotechnology, common processing methods for hardening metal surfaces include SMGT (Surface Mechanical Rolling) and SMRT (Surface Mechanical Pressing). These methods achieve gradient hardening of the part surface through rolling and pressing, respectively. Surface gradient hardening processes increase surface hardness without reducing toughness. However, for slender parts, random deformation occurs during surface gradient hardening, leading to uneven hardening.

[0004] However, during roll forming, the relatively large pressure applied by the tool system often causes the machined part to deflect. Furthermore, the workpiece rotates continuously during processing, resulting in random and uncontrollable deformation that changes at high frequency. Traditional tool systems apply pressure to the tool assembly via a hydraulic module. However, due to the large damping coefficient of the hydraulic system, it cannot achieve rapid response and tracking. For example, if the workpiece contacts the tool at surface 1 and the symmetrical surface is surface 2, when surface 1 is subjected to a large load, it becomes concave. When the workpiece rotates to surface 2 and contacts the tool, surface 2 becomes convex, leading to poor machining quality of the rotating part.

[0005] Therefore, how to improve the machining quality of parts is a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a gradient hardening adaptive tooling system to improve the machining quality of parts. Another purpose of this invention is to provide a method for using the gradient hardening adaptive tooling system.

[0007] This application provides a gradient hardening adaptive tooling system, comprising:

[0008] Tool assembly;

[0009] A pressure sensor is used to sense the pressure of the tool assembly;

[0010] A hydraulic module provides machining pressure to the tool assembly during machining.

[0011] A pressure regulating module provides machining pressure to the tool assembly during machining, and the pressure response speed of the pressure regulating module applied to the tool assembly is greater than that of the hydraulic module;

[0012] The motion control module is connected to the pressure sensor, the hydraulic module, and the pressure regulating module. When the pressure value received by the motion control module from the pressure sensor rises above a first preset value within a preset time, the motion control module controls the pressure regulating module to reduce the pressure on the tool assembly. When the pressure value received by the motion control module from the pressure sensor falls below a second preset value within a preset time, the motion control module controls the pressure regulating module to increase the pressure on the tool assembly.

[0013] Optionally, in the above-described gradient hardening adaptive tooling system, the pressure regulating module is a pneumatic module, the push rod of the pneumatic module is connected to the housing of the hydraulic module, and the hydraulic module is connected to the pressure sensor.

[0014] Optionally, in the above-described gradient hardening adaptive tool system, the pressure sensor and the pressure regulating module are located on opposite sides of the hydraulic module, and a guide module for guiding the movement direction of the pressure regulating module is provided between the housing of the pressure regulating module and the housing of the hydraulic module.

[0015] Optionally, in the above-described gradient hardening adaptive tool system, when the motion control module controls the pressure regulating module to reduce the pressure on the tool assembly, the motion control module simultaneously controls the hydraulic module to reduce the pressure on the tool assembly until the pressure value received by the pressure sensor is within a preset pressure range, and then the motion control module controls the pressure regulating module to stop regulating the pressure on the tool assembly.

[0016] Optionally, in the above-described gradient hardening adaptive tool system, the tool assembly includes:

[0017] Knife-shaped ball seat;

[0018] The pressure sensor is mounted on the first end of the cutter head holder, and the ball seat is mounted on the second end of the cutter head holder;

[0019] A blade ball, which is mounted on a blade ball seat.

[0020] Optionally, in the above-mentioned gradient hardening adaptive tool system, the gradient hardening adaptive tool system further includes a cooling module and a temperature sensor. The temperature sensor is used to sense the temperature of the tool ball seat. Both the cooling module and the temperature sensor are connected to the motion control module. The cooling module is used to cool the hydraulic oil supplied to the hydraulic module. When the motion control module receives a temperature value measured by the temperature sensor that exceeds a preset temperature, the motion control module controls the cooling module to cool the hydraulic oil.

[0021] Optionally, in the above-mentioned gradient hardening adaptive tool system, the gradient hardening adaptive tool system further includes a vibration sensor and an alarm module. The vibration sensor and the alarm module are both connected to the motion control module. The vibration sensor is disposed on the tool ball seat or the tool head seat. When the motion control module receives the vibration parameters from the vibration sensor, it controls the alarm module to sound an alarm.

[0022] Optionally, in the above-mentioned gradient hardening adaptive tool system, the tool ball mounting surface on the tool ball holder that is in contact with the tool ball is provided with a hydraulic oil cavity, the opening end of the hydraulic oil cavity facing the tool ball, and the tool head holder and the tool ball holder are provided with oil guiding channels, the oil guiding channels connecting the hydraulic module and the hydraulic oil cavity, so as to deliver the hydraulic oil of the hydraulic module to the hydraulic oil cavity.

[0023] Optionally, in the above-mentioned gradient hardening adaptive tooling system, the outlet end of the oil guide channel is located at the center of the tool ball mounting surface, the hydraulic oil chamber includes multiple oil grooves, one end of each oil groove is connected to the oil guide channel, and the other end extends towards the edge of the tool ball mounting surface, and all the oil grooves are distributed with the outlet end of the oil guide channel as the center.

[0024] Optionally, in the above-described gradient hardening adaptive tooling system, the oil groove is spirally arranged on the tool ball mounting surface, and the other end of the oil groove extends to the edge of the tool ball mounting surface.

[0025] Optionally, the gradient hardening adaptive tooling system described above also includes a pressure equalization and filtration module, which is used to stabilize the flow and filter the oil flowing into the oil guide channel.

[0026] Optionally, in the above-mentioned gradient hardening adaptive tooling system, the pressure equalization and filtering module is installed at the inlet of the oil guide channel. The pressure equalization and filtering module is provided with a flow stabilizer, and the flow stabilizer is provided with honeycomb-shaped oil filter holes to connect the oil guide channel and the hydraulic module.

[0027] Optionally, in the above-mentioned gradient hardening adaptive tool system, the inlet end of the pressure equalization filter module is connected to the housing of the hydraulic module, the housing of the hydraulic module is provided with an oil inlet channel connected to the pressure equalization filter module, and the oil inlet channel is provided with a hydraulic quick connector.

[0028] Optionally, in the above-described gradient hardening adaptive tool system, the ball holder and the head holder are slidably connected along the machining pressure direction provided by the tool assembly. The gradient hardening adaptive tool system further includes an elastic damping member connecting the ball holder and the head holder, which extends and retracts along the machining pressure direction provided by the tool assembly.

[0029] Optionally, in the above-mentioned gradient hardening adaptive tooling system, the pneumatic module includes a housing and a piston rod disposed on the housing. The output end of the piston rod acts on the end of the hydraulic module away from the pressure sensor. The housing is provided with a chamber for installing the piston at the end of the piston rod, and the housing is provided with a gas quick connector communicating with the chamber.

[0030] A method for using a gradient hardening adaptive tooling system, wherein the method is implemented using any of the gradient hardening adaptive tooling systems described above, includes the following steps:

[0031] The motion control module receives the pressure value from the pressure sensor. When the pressure value rises above a first preset value within a preset time, the motion control module controls the pressure regulating module to reduce the pressure on the tool assembly. When the pressure value falls below a second preset value within a preset time, the motion control module controls the pressure regulating module to increase the pressure on the tool assembly.

[0032] In the above technical solution, the gradient hardening adaptive tooling system provided by the present invention includes a tool assembly, a pressure sensor, a hydraulic module, a pressure regulating module, and a motion control module. The pressure sensor is used to sense the pressure of the tool assembly. The hydraulic module provides the machining pressure to the tool assembly during processing, and the pressure regulating module provides the machining pressure to the tool assembly during processing. The pressure response speed of the pressure regulating module applied to the tool assembly is greater than that of the hydraulic module. The pressure sensor, hydraulic module, and pressure regulating module are all connected to the motion control module. When the motion control module receives a pressure increase value from the pressure sensor exceeding a first preset value within a preset time, the motion control module controls the pressure regulating module to reduce the pressure on the tool assembly; when the motion control module receives a pressure decrease value from the pressure sensor exceeding a second preset value within a preset time, the motion control module controls the pressure regulating module to increase the pressure on the tool assembly.

[0033] As described above, in the gradient hardening adaptive tooling system provided in this application, the motion control module receives the pressure value from the pressure sensor and simultaneously controls the operation of the hydraulic module and the pressure regulation module. When the pressure value rises beyond a first preset value over a preset time, indicating that the part is protruding relative to other positions, the pressure at the tool assembly position suddenly increases. However, due to hydraulic viscous resistance, the hydraulic system's response speed is slow, resulting in a delayed response. Therefore, the motion control module controls the pressure regulation module to rapidly reduce the pressure on the tool assembly. Because the air pressure regulation speed is relatively fast, it can respond quickly and promptly adjust the pressure at the tool assembly position to the preset pressure range. Similarly, when the pressure value drops beyond a second preset value over a preset time, indicating that the part is concave relative to other positions, the pressure at the tool assembly position suddenly decreases. The motion control module then controls the pressure regulation module to rapidly increase the pressure on the tool assembly, promptly adjusting the pressure at the tool assembly position to the preset pressure range. In summary, the tool assembly of this application is controlled simultaneously by a hydraulic module and a pressure regulation module. When the pressure changes suddenly, the pressure regulation module can adjust the pressure at the location of the tool assembly to a preset pressure range. Compared with the situation where the tool assembly applies too much or too little pressure to the part, which leads to problems with the machining quality of the part, the tool system provided by this application improves the machining quality of the part. Attached Figure Description

[0034] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0035] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the gradient hardening adaptive tool system provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of a gradient hardening adaptive tooling system provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of a gradient hardening adaptive tooling system equipped with a pressure equalization and filtering module provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the tool assembly provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 5 This is a diagram showing the arrangement of oil grooves in the tool assembly provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 6This is a cross-sectional view of another gradient hardening adaptive tool system provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 7 for Figure 6 A magnified view of the location of the elastic damper in the gradient hardening adaptive tooling system shown.

[0042] Figure 8 A three-dimensional structural diagram of the position of the gradient hardening adaptive tool system of the machining center provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 9 This is a front view of the position of the gradient hardening adaptive tooling system in the machining center provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 10 A top view of the position of the gradient hardening adaptive tooling system in the machining center provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 11 This is a side view of the position of the gradient hardening adaptive tool system in the machining center provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 12 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the location of the gradient hardening adaptive tool system in the machining center provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0047] in Figure 1-12 middle:

[0048] 10-Tool system, 10a-Tool system, 10b-Tool system, 101-Tool ball, 102-Tool ball holder, 103-Tool head holder, 104-Pressure sensor, 105-Hydraulic module, 106-Pressure regulating module, 107-Guide post, 108-Hydraulic quick connector, 109-Oil groove, 1010-First pneumatic quick connector, 1011-Second pneumatic quick connector, 1012-Tool ball mounting surface, 1013-First fastener, 1014-Pressure equalizing filter module, 1015-Push rod, 1016-Oil guide channel, 1017-Elastic damping component, 1018-Slide rod, 1019-Sealing ring, 1020-Limiting boss, 1021-Step;

[0049] 20 - Rotating parts;

[0050] 30 - Support base. Detailed Implementation

[0051] The core of this invention is to provide a gradient hardening adaptive tooling system to improve the machining quality of parts. Another core aspect of this invention is to provide a method for using the gradient hardening adaptive tooling system.

[0052] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0053] Please refer to Figures 1 to 12 .

[0054] In one specific embodiment, the gradient hardening adaptive tooling system provided in this invention, hereinafter referred to as the tooling system, includes a tool assembly, a pressure sensor 104, a hydraulic module 105, a pressure regulating module 106, and a motion control module. The pressure sensor 104 is used to sense the pressure of the tool assembly. The hydraulic module 105 provides the machining pressure to the tool assembly during machining.

[0055] The pressure regulating module 106 is connected to the tool assembly to provide the pneumatic module with machining pressure. The pressure regulation module 106 applies pressure to the tool assembly with a faster response speed than the hydraulic module 105. In specific assembly, the pressure sensor 104 is mounted on the housing of the hydraulic module 105 via the first fastener 1-13. Specifically, the first fastener 1-13 can be a threaded fastener.

[0056] The pressure regulating module 106 can apply pressure to the tool assembly via other power sources with high-speed response capabilities and load-bearing capacity, such as linear motors and electromagnetic force control modules. The electromagnetic force control module includes two mutually exclusive electromagnetic components, whose relative positions are adjusted by regulating the relative force between the two components. One of the electromagnetic components can be directly connected to the hydraulic module 105.

[0057] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the pressure regulating module 106 is a pneumatic module, and the push rod 1015 of the pneumatic module is connected to the housing of the hydraulic module 105. The pneumatic module includes a housing and a push rod 1015 disposed on the housing. The output end of the push rod 1015 acts on the end of the hydraulic module 105 away from the pressure sensor 104. The housing has a chamber for installing the piston at the end of the push rod 1015. The housing has a gas quick connector communicating with the chamber. There are two gas quick connectors, namely a first pneumatic quick connector 1010 and a second pneumatic quick connector 1011, to facilitate the connection between the housing and the gas source to realize the intake and exhaust of the chamber.

[0058] Pressure sensor 104 and pressure regulating module 106 are located on opposite sides of hydraulic module 105. A guide module for guiding the movement direction of pressure regulating module 106 is provided between the housing of pressure regulating module 106 and the housing of hydraulic module 105.

[0059] like Figures 1 to 3As shown, specifically, the guide module can be a guide post 107, and the housing of the pressure regulating module 106 and the housing of the hydraulic module 105 are either fixedly connected to the guide post 107 or slidably connected to the guide post 107.

[0060] When the tool system 10 is in operation, both the hydraulic module 105 and the pressure sensor 104 module are pressurizing the tool assembly.

[0061] Pressure sensor 104, hydraulic module 105, and pressure regulating module 106 are all connected to the motion control module. Specifically, signal transmission can be achieved through electrical connections or wireless communication. When the pressure value received by the motion control module from pressure sensor 104 rises above a first preset value within a preset time, the motion control module controls pressure regulating module 106 to reduce the pressure on the tool assembly, i.e., reduce the force exerted by the tool assembly on the workpiece. Specifically, the motion control module controls pressure regulating module 106 to reduce the pressure on the tool assembly until the pressure value received by the motion control module from pressure sensor 104 rises below the first preset value within a preset time, at which point pressure regulating module 106 stops operating. When the motion control module controls pressure regulating module 106 to reduce the pressure on the tool assembly, hydraulic module 105 may remain stationary, or hydraulic module 105 may simultaneously reduce the pressure on the tool assembly.

[0062] When the pressure value received by the motion control module from the pressure sensor 104 decreases by more than a second preset value within a preset time, the motion control module controls the pressure regulating module 106 to increase the pressure on the tool assembly, that is, to increase the force exerted by the tool assembly on the workpiece. Specifically, the motion control module controls the pressure regulating module 106 to increase the pressure on the tool assembly, and stops the pressure regulating module 106 from operating when the pressure value received by the motion control module from the pressure sensor 104 decreases by less than the second preset value within a preset time. When the motion control module controls the pressure regulating module 106 to increase the pressure on the tool assembly, the hydraulic module 105 may not operate, or the hydraulic module 105 may simultaneously increase the pressure on the tool assembly. The workpiece can be a gradient-hardened steel part.

[0063] Specifically, the tool assembly can be a traditional tool for machining parts. The first and second preset values ​​are determined based on the pressure exerted by the tool assembly and the workpiece during machining. The preset time period is set as needed.

[0064] Specifically, when the motion control module receives a pressure increase value from the pressure sensor 104 exceeding a first preset value within a preset pressure range over a preset time, the motion control module controls the pressure regulating module 106 to reduce the pressure on the tool assembly; when the motion control module receives a pressure decrease value from the pressure sensor 104 exceeding a second preset value within a preset pressure range over a preset time, the motion control module controls the pressure regulating module 106 to increase the pressure on the tool assembly. The preset pressure range is the pressure value required for the tool assembly to normally process parts; its specific range can be set according to actual needs, and this application does not impose specific limitations.

[0065] When the motion control module receives a pressure increase value from the pressure sensor 104 exceeding a first preset value within a preset pressure range over a preset time, the motion control module controls the pressure regulating module 106 and the hydraulic module 105 to simultaneously reduce the pressure on the tool assembly. Conversely, when the motion control module receives a pressure decrease value from the pressure sensor 104 exceeding a second preset value within a preset pressure range over a preset time, the motion control module controls the pressure regulating module 106 and the hydraulic module 105 to simultaneously increase the pressure on the tool assembly. In this case, the pressure on the tool assembly can be adjusted simultaneously through the pressure regulating module 106 and the hydraulic module 105.

[0066] To facilitate understanding, the following explanation will be provided using a specific example:

[0067] In practical use, the tool system 10 inputs the pressure value required for the tool assembly to the motion control module. The hydraulic system is then loaded, and the pressure sensor 104 transmits the pressure value to the motion control module. Simultaneously, the motion control module controls the pressure regulating module 106 to follow the loading until the required pressure value is reached. During machining, the pneumatic module is controlled to rise and fall in real time to achieve high-response following as the part changes (shape, deflection deformation). This application achieves closed-loop control of the tool assembly pressure value through the motion control module, and the hydraulic module 105 and the pressure regulating module 106 respond in real time.

[0068] Specifically, the surface of the part that contacts the tool assembly is surface 1, and the symmetrical surface is surface 2. The part can be a rotating part 20. When surface 1 is subjected to a large load, it is in a concave state. When the part rotates to surface 2 and contacts the tool, surface 2 is in a convex state. At this time, the tool needs to maintain the load force value while having high compressibility backward. The motion control module controls the pressure adjustment module 106 to quickly release pressure to avoid the convexity and make the rolling pressure of surface 1 and surface 2 consistent. Similarly, when the part rotates from surface 2 to surface 1, the tool in its original state cannot quickly follow the concavity of surface 1. The pressure drop value of the preset time exceeds the second preset value. That is, at this time, the part position is concave relative to other positions, causing the pressure at the tool assembly position to suddenly decrease. The motion control module controls the pressure adjustment module 106 to quickly increase the pressure of the tool assembly and adjust the pressure at the tool assembly position to the preset pressure range in time.

[0069] When the shape of a part suddenly changes during machining, requiring an immediate increase in pressure, the pressure regulation module 106, based on the calculation results of the motion control module, controls the pressure regulation module 106 to quickly increase pressure, enabling the tool assembly to operate at the required pressure as soon as possible. Specifically, when the shape of a part suddenly changes during machining, requiring an immediate decrease in pressure, the system, based on the calculation results, controls the pneumatic control system to quickly decrease pressure. Specifically, while the motion control module controls the pneumatic module to decrease pressure on the tool assembly, it simultaneously controls the hydraulic module 105 to decrease pressure on the tool assembly until the pressure value received by the pressure sensor 104 is within the preset pressure range, at which point the motion control module controls the pneumatic module to stop operating. This application's motion control module controls the pneumatic module to rapidly decrease and increase pressure on the tool assembly. Due to the fast pressure regulation speed, it can respond quickly and promptly adjust the pressure at the location of the tool assembly to the preset pressure range, thereby achieving high responsiveness and real-time tracking.

[0070] The tool assembly includes a ball holder 102, a headstock 103, and a ball 101. A pressure sensor 104 is mounted on the first end of the headstock 103, and the ball holder 102 is mounted on the second end of the headstock 103. Specifically, the first end and the second end can be opposite ends of the headstock 103. The ball 101 is mounted on the ball holder 102 and positioned away from the pressure sensor 104. Specifically, for ease of assembly and disassembly, the ball holder 102 is threaded onto the headstock 103. Specifically, either the ball holder 102 or the headstock 103 has a stud at the threaded connection point, and the other has a threaded hole.

[0071] The cutter ball holder 102 has a cutter ball mounting surface 1012 that fits against the cutter ball 101, and the opening end of the hydraulic oil chamber faces the cutter ball 101. The cutter head holder 103 and the cutter ball holder 102 are provided with an oil guide channel 1016, which connects the hydraulic module 105 and the hydraulic oil chamber to deliver the hydraulic oil from the hydraulic module 105 to the hydraulic oil chamber. Figure 2 and Figure 3 The middle arrow indicates the direction of oil flow.

[0072] When either the cutter ball holder 102 or the cutter head holder 103 has a threaded connection with a stud on one side and a threaded hole on the other, the oil guide channel 1016 is located on the stud. The tool system 10 is hydraulically loaded, and the hydraulic pressure acts on the back of the cutter ball 101. To ensure a balanced distribution of pressure and flow, a hydraulic oil chamber surrounds the entire back of the cutter ball 101, and simultaneously forms a hydraulic oil chamber between the cutter ball 101 and the cutter ball holder 102, preventing dry friction between the cutter ball 101 and the cutter ball holder 102, thereby achieving good lubrication.

[0073] like Figures 1 to 3As shown, the hydraulic module 105 is installed at the end of the pressure sensor 104 away from the cutter head holder 103. Specifically, the hydraulic module 105 supports the pressure sensor 104 and the cutter head assembly.

[0074] The tool system 10 also includes a pressure equalization and filtration module 1014, which is used to stabilize and filter the oil flowing through the guide oil channel 1016. Specifically, the pressure equalization and filtration module 1014 is equipped with a filter screen structure. Specifically, the pressure equalization and filtration module 1014 can be mounted on the tool holder 103.

[0075] Specifically, the pressure equalization filter module 1014 is installed at the inlet of the oil guide channel 1016. The pressure equalization filter module 1014 is equipped with a flow stabilizer, which has honeycomb-shaped oil filter holes to connect the oil guide channel 1016 and the hydraulic module 105. Specifically, the pressure equalization filter module 1014 can be installed on the cutter head holder 103. When high pressure loading is required, the maximum oil pressure can support a loading of 40 MPa.

[0076] The pressure equalization filter module 1014 can be threaded onto the cutter head holder 103. The pressure equalization filter module 1014 can be a metal component.

[0077] The flow stabilizer can be a tapered structure with a gradually increasing cross-section along the oil flow direction to increase the area of ​​the oil filter holes, thereby filtering and guiding the oil in a timely manner.

[0078] To extend the service life of the tool system 10, preferably, the inlet end of the pressure equalizing filter module 1014 is connected to the housing of the hydraulic module 105. The housing of the hydraulic module 105 is provided with an oil inlet channel connected to the pressure equalizing filter module 1014, and a hydraulic quick connector 108 is provided on the oil inlet channel. When it is necessary to flush the pressure equalizing filter module 1014, the hydraulic quick connector 108 is separated from the oil chamber of the hydraulic module 105, and liquid is introduced through the oil guide channel 1016. The liquid passes through the pressure equalizing filter module 1014 to flush impurities in the oil filter holes, and the impurities are discharged with the liquid through the hydraulic quick connector 108.

[0079] like Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, in one specific embodiment, the ball holder 102 and the head holder 103 are slidably connected along the machining pressure direction provided by the tool assembly, wherein the head holder 103 is sleeved on the outer side of one end of the ball holder 102. The tool system also includes an elastic damping member 1017 connecting the ball holder 102 and the head holder 103, which extends and retracts along the machining pressure direction provided by the tool assembly. When the contact position between the rotating part 20 and the ball 101 changes convexly, the force exerted by the rotating part 20 on the ball 101 is transmitted to the position of the elastic damping member 1017. Through the extension and retraction of the elastic damping member 1017, the ball 101 and the rotating part 20 are effectively fitted together, stabilizing and improving the machining quality.

[0080] Specifically, the elastic damping element 1017 can be sleeved on the outside of the cutter ball seat 102, and the two ends of the elastic damping element 1017 in the extension and retraction direction are respectively connected to the cutter ball seat 102 and the cutter head seat 103. Or as... Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the elastic damping element 1017 is disposed within the oil guiding channel 1016. The oil guiding channel 1016 contains a slide rod 1018 fixedly connected to the cutter ball seat 102. The slide rod 1018 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the oil guiding channel 1016. Specifically, the slide rod 1018 is a hollow tube to deliver hydraulic oil to the cutter ball seat 102 through the hollow portion. The two ends of the elastic damping element 1017 can be connected to the pressure equalization filter module 1014 and the slide rod 1018, respectively.

[0081] To improve sealing, the outer periphery of the slide rod 1018 is slidably sealed to the inner wall of the oil guide channel 1016 via the sealing ring 1-19.

[0082] To prevent the elastic damping element 1017 from dislodging from the oil guide channel 1016, a limiting boss 1020 is provided on the inner wall of the oil guide channel 1016, and a step 1021 is provided on the side wall of the slide rod 1018 that can abut against the limiting boss 1020. When the step 1021 abuts against the limiting boss 1020, the slide rod 1018 stops sliding away from the elastic damping element 1017.

[0083] like Figure 5 As shown, in order to facilitate uniform heat dissipation of the cutting ball 101, preferably, the outlet end of the oil guide channel 1016 is located at the center of the cutting ball mounting surface 1012. The hydraulic oil chamber of the cutting ball seat 102 includes multiple oil grooves 109. One end of the oil groove 109 is connected to the oil guide channel 1016, and the other end extends towards the edge of the cutting ball mounting surface 1012. All oil grooves 109 are distributed with the outlet end of the oil guide channel 1016 as the center. Specifically, one end of all oil grooves 109 is connected to the outlet end of the oil guide channel 1016, and the other end extends away from the outlet end of the oil guide channel 1016. The divergent distribution means that the inlet ends of the oil grooves 109 are close to each other, and the outlet ends are far apart from each other. All oil grooves 109 are distributed in a divergent manner. The cutter ball holder 102 can be provided with 3 to 7 oil grooves 109, specifically 5 oil grooves 109. The opening of the oil groove 109 faces the cutter ball 101, and the bottom of the oil groove 109 faces the cutter head holder 103. The depth of the oil groove 109 is set according to actual needs.

[0084] Specifically, the oil groove 109 is spirally arranged on the cutter ball mounting surface 1012, and the other end of the oil groove 109 extends to the edge of the cutter ball mounting surface 1012. By extending the other end of the oil groove 109 to the edge of the cutter ball mounting surface 1012, the cooling lubricating oil can be discharged in real time through the oil groove 109, realizing the circulation of the cooling lubricating oil and providing good heat dissipation for the cutter ball 101.

[0085] The oil groove 109 is arranged in a spiral. When the pressurized oil passes through the oil groove 109, it can flush the cutter ball 101, thereby driving the cutter ball 101 to rotate actively, which is more conducive to the balanced wear of the cutter ball 101.

[0086] In one specific embodiment, the tool system 10 further includes a cooling module and a temperature sensor, the temperature sensor being used to sense the temperature of the tool ball holder 102. Specifically, the probe of the temperature sensor is embedded in the tool ball holder 102, and both the cooling module and the temperature sensor are connected to the motion control module. Specifically, the cooling module is used to cool the hydraulic oil supplied to the hydraulic module 105. When the temperature value measured by the temperature sensor exceeds a preset temperature, the motion control module controls the cooling module to cool the hydraulic oil. The front probe of the temperature sensor is embedded in the tool ball holder 102. When the temperature of the tool ball holder 102 is detected to be too high, the system controls the cooling lubricating oil supply system to further cool the cooling lubricating oil, so that the tool ball 101 is at its optimal operating temperature. Based on the real-time temperature of the front end of the tool ball 101, the motion control module cools the pressurized oil to better cool and lubricate the tool ball 101.

[0087] Specifically, when the motion control module receives the temperature value measured by the temperature sensor and it is within the preset temperature, the motion control module controls the cooling module to stop cooling the hydraulic oil. At this time, the cooling module can stop working. The cooling module can be a structure that cools the hydraulic oil through coolant.

[0088] The cutting tool system 10 also includes a vibration sensor and an alarm module, both of which are connected to the motion control module. The vibration sensor is located on the cutter ball holder 102 or the cutter head holder 103. When the motion control module receives vibration parameters from the vibration sensor that exceed preset vibration parameters, it controls the alarm module to sound an alarm. For example, when the detected vibration signal fluctuation exceeds a set threshold or deviates from the reference value for a sustained period of time, the system alarms, prompting the user to check and maintain the cutter ball 101 and any faults in the tool system. By setting a vibration sensor, the operating status of the cutter ball 101 can be monitored in real time.

[0089] The tooling system 10 provided in this application can be combined with commonly used machine tools such as lathes, grinding machines, and milling machines through tooling design, thereby achieving adaptability to different working conditions.

[0090] The tool system 10 provided in this application can be used to machine hardened steel gradient hardening parts.

[0091] When this tool system is used on a machining center, multiple tool systems 10 can be set up, and the multiple tool systems 10 are distributed around the circumference of the part. Specifically, the machining center is equipped with two tool systems 10, namely tool system 10a and tool system 10b, which are arranged horizontally on the left and right sides of the rotating part.

[0092] During assembly, the tool system 10 is mounted on the support base 30 of the machining center. The support base 30 can also be equipped with a limit mounting seat for limiting the upper and lower movement of the part, thereby reducing the radial movement of the part during machining.

[0093] This application provides a method for using a gradient hardening adaptive tooling system. The method utilizes the aforementioned tooling system 10 and includes the following steps: an action control module receives a pressure value from a pressure sensor 104; when the pressure value increases beyond a first preset value within a preset time, the action control module controls a pressure regulating module 106 to reduce the pressure on the tool assembly; when the pressure value decreases beyond a second preset value within a preset time, the action control module controls the pressure regulating module 106 to increase the pressure on the tool assembly.

[0094] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other.

[0095] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A gradient hardening adaptive tooling system, characterized in that, include: Tool assembly; A pressure sensor (104) is used to sense the pressure of the tool assembly; A hydraulic module (105) provides machining pressure to the tool assembly during machining. A pressure regulating module (106) provides machining pressure to the tool assembly during machining, and the pressure response speed of the pressure regulating module (106) applied to the tool assembly is greater than that of the hydraulic module (105). The motion control module is connected to the pressure sensor (104), the hydraulic module (105), and the pressure regulating module (106). When the motion control module receives the pressure value from the pressure sensor (104) and the increase value exceeds a first preset value within a preset time, the motion control module controls the pressure regulating module (106) to reduce the pressure on the tool assembly. When the motion control module receives the pressure value from the pressure sensor (104) and the decrease value exceeds a second preset value within a preset time, the motion control module controls the pressure regulating module (106) to increase the pressure on the tool assembly.

2. The gradient hardening adaptive tool system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pressure regulating module (106) is a pneumatic module. The push rod (1015) of the pneumatic module is connected to the housing of the hydraulic module (105). The hydraulic module (105) is connected to the pressure sensor (104).

3. The gradient hardening adaptive tool system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pressure sensor (104) and the pressure regulating module (106) are located on opposite sides of the hydraulic module (105). A guide module for guiding the movement direction of the pressure regulating module (106) is provided between the housing of the pressure regulating module (106) and the housing of the hydraulic module (105).

4. The gradient hardening adaptive tool system according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the motion control module controls the pressure regulating module (106) to reduce the pressure on the tool assembly, the motion control module simultaneously controls the hydraulic module (105) to reduce the pressure on the tool assembly until the pressure value received by the motion control module from the pressure sensor (104) is within the preset pressure range, the motion control module controls the pressure regulating module (106) to stop regulating the pressure on the tool assembly.

5. The gradient hardening adaptive tool system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cutting tool assembly includes: Blade ball seat (102); The pressure sensor (104) is installed at the first end of the cutter head holder (103), and the ball holder (102) is installed at the second end of the cutter head holder (103). The blade ball (101) is mounted on the blade ball seat (102).

6. The gradient hardening adaptive tool system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The gradient hardening adaptive tool system also includes a cooling module and a temperature sensor. The temperature sensor is used to sense the temperature of the tool ball holder (102). Both the cooling module and the temperature sensor are connected to the motion control module. The cooling module is used to cool the hydraulic oil supplied to the hydraulic module (105). When the motion control module receives a temperature value measured by the temperature sensor that exceeds a preset temperature, the motion control module controls the cooling module to cool the hydraulic oil.

7. The gradient hardening adaptive tool system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The gradient hardening adaptive tool system also includes a vibration sensor and an alarm module. Both the vibration sensor and the alarm module are connected to the motion control module. The vibration sensor is located on the tool ball holder (102) or the tool head holder (103). When the motion control module receives vibration parameters from the vibration sensor that exceed preset vibration parameters, it controls the alarm module to sound an alarm.

8. The gradient hardening adaptive tool system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The blade ball mounting surface (1012) on the blade ball seat (102) that is in contact with the blade ball (101) is provided with a hydraulic oil cavity. The opening end of the hydraulic oil cavity faces the blade ball (101). The blade head seat (103) and the blade ball seat (102) are provided with an oil guide channel (1016). The oil guide channel (1016) connects the hydraulic module (105) and the hydraulic oil cavity to deliver the hydraulic oil of the hydraulic module (105) to the hydraulic oil cavity.

9. The gradient hardening adaptive tool system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The outlet end of the oil guide channel (1016) is located at the center of the blade ball mounting surface (1012). The hydraulic oil chamber includes multiple oil grooves (109). One end of each oil groove (109) is connected to the oil guide channel (1016), and the other end extends towards the edge of the blade ball mounting surface (1012). All the oil grooves (109) are distributed with the outlet end of the oil guide channel (1016) as the center.

10. The gradient hardening adaptive tool system according to claim 9, characterized in that, The oil groove (109) is spirally arranged on the blade ball mounting surface (1012), and the other end of the oil groove (109) extends to the edge of the blade ball mounting surface (1012).

11. The gradient hardening adaptive tool system according to claim 8, characterized in that, It also includes a pressure equalization filter module (1014), which is used to stabilize and filter the oil flowing to the oil guide channel (1016).

12. The gradient hardening adaptive tool system according to claim 11, characterized in that, The pressure equalization filter module (1014) is installed at the inlet of the oil guide channel (1016). The pressure equalization filter module (1014) is provided with a flow stabilizer. The flow stabilizer is provided with honeycomb-shaped oil filter holes to connect the oil guide channel (1016) and the hydraulic module (105).

13. The gradient hardening adaptive tool system according to claim 12, characterized in that, The inlet end of the pressure equalization filter module (1014) is connected to the housing of the hydraulic module (105). The housing of the hydraulic module (105) is provided with an oil inlet channel connected to the pressure equalization filter module (1014). A hydraulic quick connector (108) is provided on the oil inlet channel.

14. The gradient hardening adaptive tool system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The ball holder (102) and the head holder (103) are slidably connected along the machining pressure direction provided by the tool assembly. The gradient hardening adaptive tool system also includes an elastic damping member (1017) connecting the ball holder (102) and the head holder (103). The elastic damping member (1017) extends and retracts along the machining pressure direction provided by the tool assembly.

15. The gradient hardening adaptive tool system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The pneumatic module includes a housing and a piston rod disposed on the housing. The output end of the piston rod acts on the end of the hydraulic module (105) away from the pressure sensor (104). The housing is provided with a chamber for installing the piston at the end of the piston rod. The housing is provided with a gas quick connector communicating with the chamber.

16. A method for using a gradient hardening adaptive tool system, characterized in that, The gradient hardening adaptive tool system is implemented using the gradient hardening adaptive tool system according to any one of claims 1-15, and includes the following steps: The motion control module receives the pressure value from the pressure sensor (104). When the pressure value rises beyond a first preset value within a preset time, the motion control module controls the pressure regulating module to reduce the pressure on the tool assembly. When the pressure value falls beyond a second preset value within a preset time, the motion control module controls the pressure regulating module to increase the pressure on the tool assembly.

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