A deformable nose cone based on energy balance drive system

Abstract

The present invention discloses a deformable nose cone based on an energy balance drive system, comprising a nose cone shell, a drive unit and an energy storage unit; the drive unit and the energy storage unit are arranged in the nose cone shell; wherein the drive unit comprises a driver 1, a driver 2, a bevel gear 1, a bevel gear 2, an output shaft 1 and an output shaft 2; the energy storage unit is arranged at an end of the driver 1 away from the tip of the nose cone, and the energy storage unit comprises a sun gear, a planetary gear, a gear ring and an energy storage spring; the present invention is a deformable nose cone based on an energy balance drive system, the main feature of which is to utilize the elastic deformation characteristics of the variant structure, introduce energy storage elements into the drive system, constitute an energy balance drive system, realize the recovery and reuse of the elastic strain energy of the structure, and fundamentally reduce the external energy consumption of the driver.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of deformable aircraft, and in particular to a deformable nose cone based on an energy balance drive system. Background Art

[0002] Aerospace vehicles are a new type of vehicle that combines aviation and aerospace technologies. They have the functions of both aviation and aerospace vehicles, namely autonomous take-off and landing and aerospace flight, which means that aerospace vehicles should have high adaptability. In order to improve the adaptability of aerospace vehicles, the concept of "variable aircraft" was proposed. Variable configuration aircraft can adjust its aerodynamic shape and aerodynamic configuration according to changes in the flight environment and mission conditions. Compared with traditional aircraft, they have better flight performance and a wider mission envelope, can reduce resistance, increase range, and more efficiently realize flight, transportation and other functions. The variable configuration methods of aerospace vehicles include variable wing sweep, variable span, variable chord length, variable curvature, combined deformation of low-speed flying wings and high-speed waverider bodies, etc. Exploring new variable configuration methods and their implementation forms has been one of the research hotspots in the aerospace field at home and abroad in recent years.

[0003] At present, most of the variant aircraft are deployed around the wings, and there are few studies on the variant of the nose cone shell. However, the nose cone of the aerospace vehicle can play the role of installing the mission load on the one hand; on the other hand, the geometric shape of the nose cone has an important influence on the aerodynamic characteristics and flight attitude of the aircraft. According to simulation analysis and experimental verification, the swing deformation of the nose cone can directly change the aerodynamic distribution of the aircraft and realize flight control; it also brings additional nose pointing capability to the aerospace vehicle, improves the mission load efficiency, and has the potential to greatly improve the maneuverability and flight performance of the aerospace vehicle.

[0004] However, from the perspective of improving the maneuverability and flight efficiency of the swinging nose cone aerospace vehicle, the nose cone should be able to swing in all directions to adapt to different flight conditions. The realization of all-directional swinging places high demands on the design of the nose cone drive mechanism, because the nose cone needs to provide a continuous aerodynamic surface to meet the load-bearing and thermal protection requirements; the deformation of the swinging nose cone will be achieved through the elastic deformation of the structure, which requires more drive energy and increases the weight of the drive system.

[0005] At present, there are two main ways to design the drive mechanism of the deformable nose cone. One is a drive mechanism based on a connecting rod and a segmented shell. By decoupling the extension deformation and bending movement, the active deformation of the nose cone shell is realized, which is beneficial for the aircraft to cope with the complex and changeable aerospace environment. The other is based on the bionics method, which uses a spiral transmission as the drive system based on the deformation of the bee's abdomen. The nose cone swings through the extension and bending of the nose cone shell, thereby efficiently coping with the different flight environments of the aerospace vehicle.

[0006] Although the existing deformable nose cone can realize nose cone swing under the action of the driving mechanism, it has the following shortcomings: 1. The deformation of the swinging nose cone is realized by the elastic deformation of the structure under the action of the driving system, which requires more driving energy, which will increase the weight of the driving system. 2. Most of the current driving schemes for the swinging nose cone cannot realize the continuous omnidirectional swing of the nose cone. It is often achieved through structural segmentation or gaps between structures during the structural variation process, which will affect the aerodynamic characteristics of the aerospace vehicle. Therefore, the driving mechanism must be reasonably designed to realize the continuous swing of the deformable nose cone. Summary of the invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a deformable head cone based on an energy balance drive system to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art. It is a deformable head cone based on an energy balance drive system. Its main feature is to utilize the elastic deformation characteristics of the variant structure, introduce energy storage elements into the drive system, constitute an energy balance drive system, realize the recovery and reuse of the elastic strain energy of the structure, and fundamentally reduce the external energy consumption of the drive.

[0008] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0009] The present invention provides a deformable nose cone based on an energy balance drive system, comprising a nose cone shell, a drive unit and an energy storage unit; the drive unit and the energy storage unit are arranged in the nose cone shell;

[0010] Wherein, the driving unit comprises a driver 1, a driver 2, a bevel gear 1, a bevel gear 2, an output shaft 1 and an output shaft 2; one end of the driver 1 facing the tip of the head cone housing is transmission-connected to one end of the output shaft 1, the other end of the output shaft 1 is transmission-connected to the bevel gear 1, the bevel gear 1 is meshedly connected to the bevel gear 2, and the output shaft 2 comprises a short shaft and a long shaft connected vertically, wherein the long shaft is longitudinally arranged and coaxial with the output shaft, and the short shaft is transversely arranged and transmission-connected to the bevel gear 2; the driver 2 is transmission-connected to the bevel gear 2, and is used to drive the bevel gear 2 to rotate around the output shaft 2;

[0011] The energy storage unit is arranged at one end of the driver one away from the tip of the nose cone shell, and the energy storage unit includes a sun gear, a planetary gear, a ring gear and an energy storage spring. The driver one is connected to the sun gear through an output shaft three-way transmission, the outer periphery of the sun gear is meshed and connected to the planetary gear, the outer periphery of the planetary gear is meshed and connected to the ring gear, the energy storage spring is connected between the nose cone shell and the planetary gear, and the planetary gear rotates to compress the energy storage spring to store energy.

[0012] Preferably, the end of the long shaft is connected to the tip of the nose cone shell.

[0013] Preferably, the second driver is an angle adjustment driver, and the second driver drives the second bevel gear to rotate around the long axis of the output shaft according to the swing angle of the head cone so as to return to the initial position.

[0014] Preferably, three planetary gears are provided, and the three planetary gears are evenly distributed on the outer periphery of the sun gear in the circumferential direction.

[0015] Preferably, three energy storage springs are provided, and the energy storage springs are arranged on the back side of the planetary gears. One ends of the three energy storage springs are respectively connected to the gear shafts of the three planetary gears, and the other ends of the three energy storage springs are connected to the head cone housing.

[0016] Preferably, the angle between every two energy storage springs is 120°.

[0017] Preferably, the gear ring is embedded in the open end of the nose cone shell.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has achieved the following beneficial technical effects:

[0019] The deformable head cone based on the energy balance drive system provided by the present invention includes a drive unit and an energy storage unit. Energy can be released through the energy storage element when the head cone is deformed, thereby realizing efficient driving within the limited space of the head cone and meeting the requirements of omnidirectional swinging deformation of the head cone. The present invention utilizes the elastic deformation characteristics of the variant structure and introduces energy storage elements into the drive system to form an energy balance drive system, thereby realizing the recovery and reuse of the elastic strain energy of the structure and fundamentally reducing the external energy consumption of the driver. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the deformable nose cone based on the energy balance drive system in the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of the deformable nose cone based on the energy balance drive system of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the initial state of the energy storage unit in the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4It is a structural schematic diagram of the energy storage state of the energy storage unit in the present invention;

[0025] In the figure: 1, head cone housing; 2, driver one; 3, driver two; 4, bevel gear one; 5, bevel gear two; 6, output shaft one; 7, output shaft two; 71, short shaft; 72, long shaft; 8, sun gear; 9, planetary gear; 10, ring gear; 11, energy storage spring; 12, gear shaft; 13, output shaft three. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a deformable nose cone based on an energy balance drive system to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0028] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0029] The deformable nose cone based on the energy balance drive system in this embodiment, such as Figure 1-Figure 3 As shown, it includes a nose cone shell 1, a drive unit and an energy storage unit; the drive unit and the energy storage unit are arranged in the nose cone shell 1;

[0030] Wherein, the driving unit includes a driver 1 2, a driver 2 3, a bevel gear 1 4, a bevel gear 2 5, an output shaft 1 6 and an output shaft 2 7; one end of the driver 1 2 facing the tip of the head cone housing 1 is transmission-connected to one end of the output shaft 1 6, the other end of the output shaft 6 is transmission-connected to the bevel gear 1 4, the bevel gear 1 4 is meshed with the bevel gear 2 5, and the output shaft 2 7 includes a short shaft 71 and a long shaft 72 connected vertically, wherein the long shaft 72 is longitudinally arranged and coaxial with the output shaft 1 6, and the short shaft 71 is transversely arranged and transmission-connected to the bevel gear 2 5; the driver 2 3 is transmission-connected to the bevel gear 2 5, and is used to drive the bevel gear 2 5 to rotate around the output shaft 2 7;

[0031] The energy storage unit is arranged at one end of the driver 2 away from the tip of the nose cone housing 1. The energy storage unit includes a sun gear 8, a planetary gear 9, a ring gear 10 and an energy storage spring 11. The driver 2 is connected to the sun gear 8 through an output shaft 3 13. The outer periphery of the sun gear 8 is meshed with the planetary gear 9. The outer periphery of the planetary gear 9 is meshed with the ring gear 10. The energy storage spring 11 is connected between the ring gear 10 and the planetary gear 9. The planetary gear 9 rotates to compress the energy storage spring 11 to store energy.

[0032] In this specific embodiment, the end of the long shaft 72 is connected to the tip of the nose cone shell 1, thereby being able to drive the nose cone shell 1 to move.

[0033] In this specific embodiment, the driver 2 3 is an angle adjustment driver. The driver 2 3 drives the bevel gear 2 5 to rotate around the long axis 72 of the output shaft according to the swing angle of the head cone so as to return to the initial position.

[0034] In this specific embodiment, three planetary gears 9 are provided, and the three planetary gears 9 are evenly distributed on the outer periphery of the sun gear 8 in the circumferential direction.

[0035] In this specific embodiment, three energy storage springs 11 are provided, and the energy storage springs 11 are arranged on the back side of the planetary gear 9. One end of the three energy storage springs 11 is respectively connected to the gear shafts 12 of the three planetary gears 9, and the other end of the three energy storage springs 11 is connected to the head cone housing 1.

[0036] In this specific embodiment, the angle between every two energy storage springs 11 is 120°.

[0037] In this specific embodiment, the gear ring 10 is embedded in the open end of the nose cone housing 1 .

[0038] Driver 23 is an angle adjustment driver. The drive system first drives bevel gear 25 to rotate around output shaft 27 according to the swing angle of the head cone, thereby reaching the initial position; driver 12 is the main driver, driving output shaft 16 to rotate, and driving bevel gear 25 to rotate through bevel gear 14. The rotation of bevel gear 25 will cause the short shaft 71 in output shaft 27 to rotate. Under the self-rotation of bevel gear 25, the long shaft 72 in output shaft 27 will deflect back and forth at a specified angle. After reaching the expected deflection direction, driver 12 is self-locked, thereby achieving directional deflection of the swing head cone. The deflection of the head cone housing 1 comes from the input torque of driver 12. In order to improve the energy conversion efficiency of the drive system, thereby reducing the input torque of driver 12, improving energy utilization and reducing the quality of the driver used, an energy storage element is introduced at the other end of driver 12. The energy storage element is mainly composed of planetary gears 9 and energy storage springs 11. In the initial state, the energy storage spring 11 is in a pre-stretched state, and the spring is in a state of maximum stored elastic potential energy. At the same time, if a single spring is installed, the head cone housing 1 will be deformed under the action of the spring force. Therefore, three energy storage springs 11 are used in the present invention. The angle between each two spring structures is 120°, thereby offsetting the effect of the spring force on the structure. Due to the existence of driver 2, when driver 2 outputs torque, the sun gear 8 in the planetary gear will rotate, thereby driving the planetary gear 9 to move around the gear. The three energy storage springs 11 connected to the gear shaft 12 are compressed and shortened, releasing the elastic potential energy stored in the spring and converting it into elastic strain energy of the structure; when the torque reaches 100°, the sun gear 8 in the planetary gear will rotate, thereby driving the planetary gear 9 to move around the gear. The three energy storage springs 11 connected to the gear shaft 12 are compressed and shortened, and the elastic potential energy stored in the spring is released and converted into elastic strain energy of the structure; when the torque reaches 100°, the sun gear 8 in the planetary gear will rotate, thereby driving the planetary gear 9 to move around the gear. Figure 4In the position shown, each planetary gear 9 rotates 120°, and the spring is compressed to the shortest, that is, restored to its original length, which corresponds to the deformation head cone being deflected to the specified position; conversely, when the deformation head cone is restored to the initial structure under the action of the driver, the energy storage spring 11 will re-extend and recover the elastic strain energy in the variant structure; this cycle repeats itself, thereby reducing the external energy consumption required by the main driver and improving the energy recovery efficiency of the drive system.

[0039] The present invention uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The above examples are only used to help understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the ideas of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scopes. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

Claims

1. A deformable nose cone based on an energy balance drive system, characterized in that: It comprises a nose cone shell, a driving unit and an energy storage unit; the driving unit and the energy storage unit are arranged in the nose cone shell; Wherein, the driving unit comprises a driver 1, a driver 2, a bevel gear 1, a bevel gear 2, an output shaft 1 and an output shaft 2; one end of the driver 1 facing the tip of the head cone housing is transmission-connected to one end of the output shaft 1, the other end of the output shaft 1 is transmission-connected to the bevel gear 1, the bevel gear 1 is meshedly connected to the bevel gear 2, and the output shaft 2 comprises a short shaft and a long shaft connected vertically, wherein the long shaft is longitudinally arranged and coaxial with the output shaft, and the short shaft is transversely arranged and transmission-connected to the bevel gear 2; the driver 2 is transmission-connected to the bevel gear 2, and is used to drive the bevel gear 2 to rotate around the output shaft 2; The energy storage unit is arranged at one end of the driver away from the tip of the nose cone shell, and the energy storage unit includes a sun gear, a planetary gear, a ring gear and an energy storage spring. The driver is connected to the sun gear through an output shaft three-way transmission, the outer periphery of the sun gear is meshed and connected to the planetary gear, the outer periphery of the planetary gear is meshed and connected to the ring gear, the ring gear is embedded in the open end of the nose cone shell, the energy storage spring is connected between the nose cone shell and the planetary gear, and the planetary gear rotates to compress the energy storage spring to store energy.

2. The deformable nose cone based on the energy balance drive system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end of the long shaft is connected to the tip of the nose cone housing.

3. The deformable nose cone based on the energy balance drive system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second driver is an angle adjustment driver, and the second driver drives the second bevel gear to rotate around the long axis of the output shaft according to the swing angle of the head cone so as to return to the initial position.

4. The deformable nose cone based on the energy balance drive system according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are three planetary gears, and the three planetary gears are evenly distributed on the outer periphery of the sun gear in the circumferential direction.

5. The deformable nose cone based on the energy balance drive system according to claim 4, characterized in that: There are three energy storage springs, which are arranged on the back side of the planetary gears. One ends of the three energy storage springs are respectively connected to the gear shafts of the three planetary gears, and the other ends of the three energy storage springs are connected to the head cone housing.

6. The deformable nose cone based on the energy balance drive system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The angle between every two energy storage springs is 120°.

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