Additives for high solid waste paste filling materials, their preparation methods and applications

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of cement-based building material admixtures, and in particular to an admixture for high-solid-waste paste filling materials, its preparation method, and its application. By using a water-reducing dispersant component and melamine in combination, the fluidity of the filling material is significantly improved, reducing the fluidity loss caused by high solid waste content. The water-retaining component prepared in this invention can compensate for the looseness of the slurry caused by high solid waste content, and together with silica powder, it can eliminate the phenomenon of segregation and bleeding. The addition of ethanolamine, glycerol, aluminum sulfate, and silica powder improves the mechanical properties of the filling paste and shortens the setting time. The addition of triethanolamine oleic acid soap can improve the workability of the paste filling material, adjust the slurry bulk density, reduce the pressure of the filling pipeline during construction, and reduce the risk of pipe burst.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of cement-based building material admixtures, and in particular to an admixture for high solid waste paste filling materials, its preparation method, and its application. Background Technology

[0002] Underground coal mining can easily cause the overlying strata to move downwards, leading to surface cracks, subsidence, or collapse, damaging the original topography and severely harming surface vegetation. Backfilling mining refers to a mining method that involves filling the mined-out areas with backfill material during ore extraction, transportation, and other operations. It can be divided into cemented backfilling and non-cemented backfilling. Cemented backfilling is more widely used, with materials sourced from surface-accumulated waste rock, waste rock from the edges of excavation pits, tailings from concentrators, slag from smelters, Gobi aggregate, and quarrying from surface channels. Coal gangue paste filling is a mining method that processes coal gangue, fly ash, industrial slag, and municipal solid waste into cemented or non-cemented paste slurry, which is then transported underground via filling pumps or gravity conveyors to partially or completely fill the goaf, forming an overburden support system with paste filling as the main body. This method controls surface subsidence within the allowable range for buildings, allowing villages to be mined without relocation, safely mining coal under buildings, and protecting the ecological environment of the mining area.

[0003] Additives are often added during the preparation of filling materials to improve their performance. Additives for filling are products that can modify the normal properties of filling materials by adding a small amount during the preparation and transportation of filling materials. They are products with multiple functions such as dispersing, reinforcing, and promoting coagulation.

[0004] In the preparation of filling materials using existing technologies, a large amount of active industrial solid waste is often added to replace cement, thereby reducing construction costs. However, the addition of a large amount of industrial solid waste leads to a decrease in the flowability and mechanical properties of the filling material. Furthermore, in order to improve the flowability loss of the filling material during long-distance transportation, the amount of water is often increased, which leads to segregation and bleeding of the filling slurry. During filling, the slurry has a large shrinkage rate and a long setting time, which is not conducive to the on-site production process. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the problems existing in the prior art, this invention provides an admixture for high-solid-waste paste filling materials. By compounding a water-reducing dispersing component with melamine, the fluidity of the filling material is significantly improved, reducing the fluidity loss caused by high solid waste content. This invention prepares a water-retaining component, which can compensate for the looseness of the slurry caused by high solid waste content, and together with silica powder, eliminates the phenomenon of segregation and bleeding. The addition of ethanolamine, glycerol, aluminum sulfate, and silica powder improves the mechanical properties of the filling paste and shortens the setting time. The addition of triethanolamine oleic acid soap can improve the workability of the paste filling material, adjust the slurry bulk density, reduce the pressure of the filling pipeline during construction, and reduce the risk of pipe burst.

[0006] Specifically, the additive for the high-solids waste paste filling material of the present invention is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0007] 5-8 parts water-reducing and dispersing components, 3-5 parts melamine water-reducing agent, 3-5 parts water-retaining components, 5-8 parts alkanolamine, 5-8 parts glycerol, 5-8 parts aluminum sulfate, 2-3 parts silica powder, 1-2 parts triethanolamine oleic acid soap, and 75-85 parts water.

[0008] Preferably, the preparation process of the water-reducing and dispersing component is as follows: Dissolve 3-5 parts of acrylic acid in 5-10 parts of water to obtain component A; dissolve 0.1-0.4 parts of reducing agent and 0.1-0.3 parts of chain transfer agent in 3-6 parts of water to obtain component B; add 30-40 parts of ethylene glycol monovinyl polyethylene glycol ether, 5-10 parts of 2-methyl-2-acrylate-2-hydroxyethyl ester phosphate, and 70-80 parts of water to a reaction vessel, stir evenly, add 0.1-0.5 parts of oxidant, stir evenly, add component A and component B dropwise, keep warm and stir after the dropwise addition is completed, and add water until the solid content is 40%, thus obtaining the final product. This invention is for preparing water-reducing and dispersing components for high-volume paste filling materials, which have excellent electrostatic repulsion and steric hindrance effects, achieving high fluidity and flowability retention.

[0009] Preferably, the melamine water-reducing agent is BASF melamine water-reducing agent F-10.

[0010] Preferably, the preparation process of the water-retaining component is as follows: Take 3-5 parts of acrylic acid and 2-3 parts of 2-nitroethyl acrylate and dissolve them in 5-10 parts of water to obtain component C; take 0.2-0.5 parts of vitamin C and dissolve them in 3-6 parts of water to obtain component D; add 20-30 parts of 4-hydroxybutylvinyl polyoxyethylene ether, 5-10 parts of vinyltriethoxysilane, 5-8 parts of acrylamide, and 80-90 parts of water to a reaction vessel and stir evenly; add 10-15 parts of polyvinyl alcohol and 0.5-0.8 parts of ammonium persulfate and stir evenly; add component C and component D dropwise; after the dropwise addition is completed, keep warm and stir; add sodium hydroxide solution to adjust the pH value to 5-6 to obtain the final product. Paste filling materials require good flowability and filling properties. For filling scenarios involving large pipelines, high flow rates, large vertical depths, and long distances, paste filling materials need to have even better flowability and stability. This invention addresses the rheological characteristics of high-solid-waste paste filling materials by preparing a special water-retaining component. Compared to thickeners such as cellulose ethers, the water-retaining component of this invention has excellent water retention effects without affecting flowability and mechanical properties. The slurry has good workability and encapsulation properties, and can form a uniform water-retaining film on the particle surface, making it suitable for conveying and construction in complex situations such as long distances and large vertical depths.

[0011] Preferably, in the preparation process of the water-reducing and dispersing component, the reducing agent is at least one of vitamin C and ferrous sulfate.

[0012] Preferably, in the preparation process of the water-reducing dispersing component, the chain transfer agent is at least one of mercaptoacetic acid and mercaptopropionic acid.

[0013] Preferably, in the preparation process of the water-reducing and dispersing component, the oxidant is hydrogen peroxide.

[0014] Preferably, in the preparation process of the water-reducing dispersing component, the dropping time of component A is 3-3.5 hours, and the dropping time of component B is 2.5-3 hours.

[0015] Preferably, in the preparation process of the water-reducing dispersion component, the heat preservation and stirring time is 1-2 hours.

[0016] Preferably, in the preparation process of the water-retaining component, the dripping time of component C is 1.5-2 hours, the dripping time of component D is 1.5-2 hours, and the heat preservation and stirring time is 0.5-1 hours.

[0017] Preferably, the alkanolamine is at least one of triethanolamine, triisopropanolamine, and diethanolamine.

[0018] This invention, by adding alkanolamine and glycerol, can complex industrial solid waste particles, promote the hydration of cementitious materials, and has a certain dispersing effect. Aluminum sulfate provides a large number of sulfate ions in the slurry, which react with calcium hydroxide in the solid waste to form a network structure and exhibit coagulation. At the same time, silica powder can fill the tiny pores in concrete, reduce the porosity of concrete, thereby reducing the water content in the slurry system and shortening the setting time of the filling slurry. Triethanolamine oleic acid soap can improve the workability of the paste filling material, adjust the bulk density of the slurry, reduce the pressure of the filling pipe during construction, and reduce the risk of pipe burst.

[0019] This invention also relates to a method for preparing the above-mentioned additives for high-solids waste paste filling materials, specifically comprising the following steps:

[0020] 1) Mix the water-reducing dispersion component, melamine water-reducing agent, triethanolamine oleic acid soap, and water evenly to obtain the first component.

[0021] 2) Mix the water-retaining component, alkanolamine, glycerol, aluminum sulfate, and silica powder, and disperse by ultrasonication to obtain the second component.

[0022] 3) Mix the first component and the second component evenly to obtain the final product.

[0023] This invention also relates to the application of the above-mentioned additives for high solid waste paste filling materials in the preparation process of paste filling materials.

[0024] The preferred composition of the high solid waste paste filling material by weight is: 120-140 parts cement, 500-520 parts fly ash, 120-140 parts mineral powder, 1300-1400 parts coal gangue fine aggregate, 320-340 parts water, and 18-24 parts admixture.

[0025] This invention has the following technical advantages:

[0026] 1. The water-reducing and dispersing components of this invention can fully disperse solid waste particles, and together with melamine water-reducing agents, improve the flowability of high-solid-waste paste filling materials.

[0027] 2. The water-retaining component of this invention can form a uniform water-retaining film on the surface of the filling material particles, improving the construction effect in complex environments.

[0028] 3. The additive preparation process of this invention is simple, which can ensure the construction effect and mechanical properties of filling materials with high solid waste content, and is suitable for filling scenarios with large pipelines, large flow rates, large vertical depths and long distances. Detailed Implementation

[0029] To demonstrate the technical effectiveness of this invention, an admixture for preparing a high-solid-waste paste filling material was prepared, and the paste filling material was tested. During the experiment, the mix proportions of the high-solid-waste paste filling material were as follows: 130 parts P·O42.5 cement, 500 parts fly ash, 130 parts mineral powder, 1380 parts coal gangue fine aggregate, 330 parts water, and 20 parts admixture.

[0030] Example 1

[0031] An additive for high-solids waste paste filling materials, composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0032] The composition includes: 7 parts water-reducing and dispersing agent, 4 parts melamine water-reducing agent, 3 parts water-retaining agent, 6 parts triethanolamine, 8 parts glycerol, 6 parts aluminum sulfate, 3 parts silica powder, 2 parts triethanolamine oleic acid soap, and 80 parts water.

[0033] The preparation process of the water-reducing and dispersing component is as follows: Dissolve 4 parts of acrylic acid in 8 parts of water to obtain component A; dissolve 0.3 parts of vitamin C and 0.2 parts of mercaptoacetic acid in 5 parts of water to obtain component B; add 34 parts of ethylene glycol monovinyl polyethylene glycol ether, 9 parts of 2-methyl-2-acrylate-2-hydroxyethyl ester phosphate, and 75 parts of water to a reaction vessel, stir until homogeneous, add 0.3 parts of hydrogen peroxide, stir until homogeneous, then add component A and component B dropwise. After the dropwise addition is complete, maintain the temperature and stir, then add water until the solid content reaches 40%, thus obtaining the final product.

[0034] The preparation process of the water-retaining component is as follows: Take 3 parts of acrylic acid and 3 parts of 2-nitroethyl acrylate and dissolve them in 10 parts of water to obtain component C; take 0.4 parts of vitamin C and dissolve them in 5 parts of water to obtain component D; add 30 parts of 4-hydroxybutylvinyl polyoxyethylene ether, 5 parts of vinyltriethoxysilane, 7 parts of acrylamide, and 85 parts of water to a reaction vessel and stir evenly; add 15 parts of polyvinyl alcohol and 0.6 parts of ammonium persulfate and stir evenly; add component C and component D dropwise; after the dropwise addition is completed, keep warm and stir; add sodium hydroxide solution to adjust the pH value to 6 to obtain the final product.

[0035] The test results showed that the initial setting time of the slurry was 4.5 hours, the final setting time was 18.0 hours, the initial spread was 600 mm, the spread after 2 hours was 560 mm, the bleeding rate was 1.6%, the 3-day compressive strength was 5.6 MPa, and the 28-day compressive strength was 29.5 MPa.

[0036] Example 2

[0037] An additive for high-solids waste paste filling materials, composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0038] The composition includes: 8 parts water-reducing and dispersing agent, 3.5 parts melamine water-reducing agent, 5 parts water-retaining agent, 6 parts triisopropanolamine, 6 parts glycerol, 5 parts aluminum sulfate, 3 parts silica powder, 2 parts triethanolamine oleic acid soap, and 80 parts water.

[0039] The preparation process of the water-reducing and dispersing component is as follows: Dissolve 3 parts of acrylic acid in 6 parts of water to obtain component A; dissolve 0.4 parts of vitamin C and 0.3 parts of mercaptopropionic acid in 5 parts of water to obtain component B; add 34 parts of ethylene glycol monovinyl polyethylene glycol ether, 10 parts of 2-methyl-2-acrylate-2-hydroxyethyl ester phosphate, and 75 parts of water to a reaction vessel, stir until homogeneous, add 0.3 parts of hydrogen peroxide, stir until homogeneous, then add component A and component B dropwise. After the dropwise addition is complete, maintain the temperature and stir, then add water until the solid content reaches 40%, thus obtaining the final product.

[0040] The preparation process of the water-retaining component is as follows: Take 5 parts of acrylic acid and 2.5 parts of 2-nitroethyl acrylate and dissolve them in 7 parts of water to obtain component C; take 0.3 parts of vitamin C and dissolve them in 6 parts of water to obtain component D; add 20 parts of 4-hydroxybutylvinyl polyoxyethylene ether, 10 parts of vinyltriethoxysilane, 6 parts of acrylamide, and 85 parts of water to a reaction vessel and stir evenly; add 13 parts of polyvinyl alcohol and 0.6 parts of ammonium persulfate and stir evenly; add component C and component D dropwise; after the dropwise addition is completed, keep warm and stir; add sodium hydroxide solution to adjust the pH value to 6, and the product is obtained.

[0041] The test results showed that the initial setting time of the slurry was 4.0 h, the final setting time was 17.0 h, the initial spread was 620 mm, the spread after 2 h was 580 mm, the bleeding rate was 1.3%, the 3-day compressive strength was 5.8 MPa, and the 28-day compressive strength was 30.2 MPa.

[0042] Comparative Example 1

[0043] The additive is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0044] The formula consists of 11 parts Hunan Zhongyan HL-B700 mother liquor, 3 parts water-retaining component, 6 parts triethanolamine, 8 parts glycerol, 6 parts aluminum sulfate, 3 parts silica powder, 2 parts triethanolamine oleic acid soap, and 80 parts water.

[0045] The preparation process of the water-retaining component is as follows: Take 3 parts of acrylic acid and 3 parts of 2-nitroethyl acrylate and dissolve them in 10 parts of water to obtain component C; take 0.4 parts of vitamin C and dissolve them in 5 parts of water to obtain component D; add 30 parts of 4-hydroxybutylvinyl polyoxyethylene ether, 5 parts of vinyltriethoxysilane, 7 parts of acrylamide, and 85 parts of water to a reaction vessel and stir evenly; add 15 parts of polyvinyl alcohol and 0.6 parts of ammonium persulfate and stir evenly; add component C and component D dropwise; after the dropwise addition is completed, keep warm and stir; add sodium hydroxide solution to adjust the pH value to 6 to obtain the final product.

[0046] The test results showed that the initial setting time of the slurry was 7.5 hours, the final setting time was 26.5 hours, the initial spread was 550 mm, there was no fluidity after 2 hours, the bleeding rate was 3.9%, the 3-day compressive strength was 4.4 MPa, and the 28-day compressive strength was 25.5 MPa.

[0047] Comparative Example 2

[0048] The additive is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0049] The composition includes: 7 parts water-reducing and dispersing agent, 4 parts melamine water-reducing agent, 3 parts hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ether, 6 parts triethanolamine, 8 parts glycerol, 6 parts aluminum sulfate, 3 parts silica powder, 2 parts triethanolamine oleic acid soap, and 80 parts water.

[0050] The preparation process of the water-reducing and dispersing component is as follows: Take 4 parts of acrylic acid and dissolve it in 8 parts of water to obtain component A; take 0.3 parts of vitamin C and 0.2 parts of mercaptoacetic acid and dissolve them in 5 parts of water to obtain component B; add 34 parts of ethylene glycol monovinyl polyethylene glycol ether, 9 parts of 2-methyl-2-acrylic acid-2-hydroxyethyl ester phosphate, and 75 parts of water to a reaction vessel, stir evenly, add 0.3 parts of hydrogen peroxide, stir evenly, add component A and component B dropwise, keep warm and stir after the dropwise addition is completed, add water until the solid content is 40%, and the product is obtained.

[0051] The test results showed that the initial setting time of the slurry was 5.5 h, the final setting time was 21.0 h, the initial spread was 520 mm, the spread after 2 h was 420 mm, the water bleeding rate was 4.5%, the 3-day compressive strength was 4.8 MPa, and the 28-day compressive strength was 27.2 MPa.

[0052] Comparative Example 3

[0053] The additive is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0054] The composition includes: 7 parts water-reducing and dispersing agent, 4 parts melamine water-reducing agent, 3 parts water-retaining agent, 6 parts triethanolamine, 8 parts glycerol, 6 parts aluminum sulfate, 3 parts silica powder, 2 parts triethanolamine oleic acid soap, and 80 parts water.

[0055] The preparation process of the water-reducing and dispersing component is as follows: Dissolve 4 parts of acrylic acid in 8 parts of water to obtain component A; dissolve 0.3 parts of vitamin C and 0.2 parts of thioglycolic acid in 5 parts of water to obtain component B; add 34 parts of TPEG, 9 parts of AMPS, and 75 parts of water to a reaction vessel, stir until homogeneous, add 0.3 parts of hydrogen peroxide, stir until homogeneous, then add components A and B dropwise. After the dropwise addition is complete, maintain the temperature and stir, then add water until the solid content reaches 40%, thus obtaining the final product.

[0056] The preparation process of the water-retaining component is as follows: Take 3 parts of acrylic acid and 3 parts of 2-nitroethyl acrylate and dissolve them in 10 parts of water to obtain component C; take 0.4 parts of vitamin C and dissolve them in 5 parts of water to obtain component D; add 30 parts of 4-hydroxybutylvinyl polyoxyethylene ether, 5 parts of vinyltriethoxysilane, 7 parts of acrylamide, and 85 parts of water to a reaction vessel and stir evenly; add 15 parts of polyvinyl alcohol and 0.6 parts of ammonium persulfate and stir evenly; add component C and component D dropwise; after the dropwise addition is completed, keep warm and stir; add sodium hydroxide solution to adjust the pH value to 6 to obtain the final product.

[0057] The test results showed that the initial setting time of the slurry was 7.5 hours, the final setting time was 23.5 hours, the initial spread was 510 mm, there was no fluidity after 2 hours, the water bleeding rate was 2.3%, the 3-day compressive strength was 3.9 MPa, and the 28-day compressive strength was 24.6 MPa.

[0058] Comparative Example 4

[0059] The additive is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0060] The composition includes: 7 parts water-reducing and dispersing agent, 4 parts melamine water-reducing agent, 3 parts water-retaining agent, 6 parts triethanolamine, 8 parts glycerol, 6 parts aluminum sulfate, 3 parts silica powder, 2 parts triethanolamine oleic acid soap, and 80 parts water.

[0061] The preparation process of the water-reducing and dispersing component is as follows: Dissolve 4 parts of acrylic acid in 8 parts of water to obtain component A; dissolve 0.3 parts of vitamin C and 0.2 parts of mercaptoacetic acid in 5 parts of water to obtain component B; add 34 parts of ethylene glycol monovinyl polyethylene glycol ether, 9 parts of 2-methyl-2-acrylate-2-hydroxyethyl ester phosphate, and 75 parts of water to a reaction vessel, stir until homogeneous, add 0.3 parts of hydrogen peroxide, stir until homogeneous, then add component A and component B dropwise. After the dropwise addition is complete, maintain the temperature and stir, then add water until the solid content reaches 40%, thus obtaining the final product.

[0062] The preparation process of the water-retaining component is as follows: Take 6 parts of acrylic acid and dissolve it in 10 parts of water to obtain component C; take 0.4 parts of vitamin C and dissolve it in 5 parts of water to obtain component D; add 35 parts of 4-hydroxybutylvinyl polyoxyethylene ether, 7 parts of acrylamide, and 85 parts of water to a reaction vessel and stir evenly; add 15 parts of polyvinyl alcohol and 0.6 parts of ammonium persulfate and stir evenly; add component C and component D dropwise; after the dropwise addition is completed, keep warm and stir; add sodium hydroxide solution to adjust the pH value to 6, and the product is obtained.

[0063] The test results showed that the initial setting time of the slurry was 6.5 hours, the final setting time was 21.0 hours, the initial spread was 560 mm, the spread after 2 hours was 480 mm, the bleeding rate was 3.2%, the 3-day compressive strength was 4.1 MPa, and the 28-day compressive strength was 23.3 MPa.

[0064] Comparative Example 5

[0065] The additive is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0066] The composition includes: 7 parts water-reducing and dispersing agent, 4 parts melamine water-reducing agent, 3 parts water-retaining agent, 12 parts triethanolamine, 10 parts aluminum sulfate, 2 parts sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, and 80 parts water.

[0067] The preparation process of the water-reducing and dispersing component is as follows: Dissolve 4 parts of acrylic acid in 8 parts of water to obtain component A; dissolve 0.3 parts of vitamin C and 0.2 parts of mercaptoacetic acid in 5 parts of water to obtain component B; add 34 parts of ethylene glycol monovinyl polyethylene glycol ether, 9 parts of 2-methyl-2-acrylate-2-hydroxyethyl ester phosphate, and 75 parts of water to a reaction vessel, stir until homogeneous, add 0.3 parts of hydrogen peroxide, stir until homogeneous, then add component A and component B dropwise. After the dropwise addition is complete, maintain the temperature and stir, then add water until the solid content reaches 40%, thus obtaining the final product.

[0068] The preparation process of the water-retaining component is as follows: Take 3 parts of acrylic acid and 3 parts of 2-nitroethyl acrylate and dissolve them in 10 parts of water to obtain component C; take 0.4 parts of vitamin C and dissolve them in 5 parts of water to obtain component D; add 30 parts of 4-hydroxybutylvinyl polyoxyethylene ether, 5 parts of vinyltriethoxysilane, 7 parts of acrylamide, and 85 parts of water to a reaction vessel and stir evenly; add 15 parts of polyvinyl alcohol and 0.6 parts of ammonium persulfate and stir evenly; add component C and component D dropwise; after the dropwise addition is completed, keep warm and stir; add sodium hydroxide solution to adjust the pH value to 6 to obtain the final product.

[0069] The test results showed that the initial setting time of the slurry was 6.5 hours, the final setting time was 23.5 hours, the initial spread was 550 mm, the spread after 2 hours was 450 mm, the bleeding rate was 3.4%, the 3-day compressive strength was 3.9 MPa, and the 28-day compressive strength was 21.6 MPa.

[0070] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An additive for filling materials containing high-solids waste paste, characterized in that, Composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5-8 parts water-reducing and dispersing component, 3-5 parts melamine water-reducing agent, 3-5 parts water-retaining component, 5-8 parts alkanolamine, 5-8 parts glycerol, 5-8 parts aluminum sulfate, 2-3 parts silica powder, 1-2 parts triethanolamine oleic acid soap, and 75-85 parts water. The preparation process of the water-reducing and dispersing component is as follows: Dissolve 3-5 parts of acrylic acid in 5-10 parts of water to obtain component A; dissolve 0.1-0.4 parts of reducing agent and 0.1-0.3 parts of chain transfer agent in 3-6 parts of water to obtain component B; add 30-40 parts of ethylene glycol monovinyl polyethylene glycol ether, 5-10 parts of 2-methyl-2-acrylate-2-hydroxyethyl ester phosphate, and 70-80 parts of water to a reaction vessel, stir until homogeneous, add 0.1-0.5 parts of oxidizing agent, stir until homogeneous, add component A and component B dropwise, keep warm and stir after the dropwise addition is complete, add water until the solid content is 40%, and the product is obtained. The preparation process of the water-retaining component is as follows: Take 3-5 parts of acrylic acid and 2-3 parts of 2-nitroethyl acrylate and dissolve them in 5-10 parts of water to obtain component C; take 0.2-0.5 parts of vitamin C and dissolve them in 3-6 parts of water to obtain component D; add 20-30 parts of 4-hydroxybutylvinyl polyoxyethylene ether, 5-10 parts of vinyltriethoxysilane, 5-8 parts of acrylamide, and 80-90 parts of water to a reaction vessel and stir evenly; add 10-15 parts of polyvinyl alcohol and 0.5-0.8 parts of ammonium persulfate and stir evenly; add component C and component D dropwise; after the dropwise addition is completed, keep warm and stir; add sodium hydroxide solution to adjust the pH value to 5-6 to obtain the final product.

2. The additive for high-solids waste paste filling material according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the preparation process of the water-reducing and dispersing component, the reducing agent is at least one of vitamin C and ferrous sulfate.

3. The additive for high-solids waste paste filling material according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the preparation process of the water-reducing dispersing component, the chain transfer agent is at least one of mercaptoacetic acid and mercaptopropionic acid.

4. The additive for high-solids waste paste filling material according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the preparation process of the water-reducing and dispersing component, the oxidant is hydrogen peroxide.

5. The additive for filling high-solids waste paste according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the preparation process of the water-reducing dispersion component, the dropping time of component A is 3-3.5 hours, and the dropping time of component B is 2.5-3 hours.

6. The additive for high-solids waste paste filling material according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the preparation process of the water-reducing dispersion component, the heat preservation and stirring time is 1-2 hours.

7. The additive for high-solids waste paste filling material according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the preparation process of the water-retaining component, the dripping time of component C is 1.5-2h, the dripping time of component D is 1.5-2h, and the heat preservation and stirring time is 0.5-1h.

8. The additive for the high-solids waste paste filling material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The alkanolamine is at least one of triethanolamine, triisopropanolamine, and diethanolamine.

9. The method for preparing the additive for the high-solids waste paste filling material according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: 1) Mix the water-reducing dispersion component, melamine water-reducing agent, triethanolamine oleic acid soap, and water evenly to obtain the first component. 2) Mix the water-retaining component, alkanolamine, glycerol, aluminum sulfate, and silica powder, and disperse by ultrasonication to obtain the second component. 3) Mix the first component and the second component evenly to obtain the final product.

10. The application of the additive for high solid waste paste filling material according to any one of claims 1-8 in the preparation process of paste filling material.