Energy-saving explosion-proof heating type oil well production equipment

Abstract

The present invention discloses an energy-saving explosion-proof heating type oil well production equipment, which relates to the technical field of oil field production, and comprises a casing, an oil pipe, a sealing mechanism, a sliding sleeve and a piston, wherein the casing is provided with an oil pipe, a sealing mechanism is provided between the casing and the oil pipe, a first oil inlet chamber is formed between the casing, the oil pipe and the sealing mechanism, a second oil inlet chamber is formed inside the oil pipe, and the volume of the second oil inlet chamber is smaller than the volume of the first oil inlet chamber, a sliding sleeve is sealingly and slidably provided in the second oil inlet chamber, and a piston is sealingly and slidably provided in the sliding sleeve, and the present invention adjusts the output power and the temperature setting value of the electric heating belt through a control cabinet, and controls the sealing mechanism to adjust the pressure of the first oil inlet chamber, thereby ensuring that the crude oil maintains an optimal flow velocity while being effectively produced, and improving the safety and efficiency of oil production operations.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of oil field production, in particular to energy-saving explosion-proof heating type oil well production equipment. Background Art

[0002] In the process of oil production in oil fields, oil production equipment is usually required for oil production. At present, all major oil fields in my country use a fully mechanical production mode for crude oil collection. The working principles of oil production equipment are divided into two types: rod oil production system and rodless oil production system. Among them, the production machinery of the rod oil production system mainly includes walking beam pumping units, belt pumping units, chain pumping units, special-shaped pumping units, etc., which have the problems of complex equipment, low efficiency and high energy consumption. In addition, there is generally serious eccentric wear and short maintenance-free period of oil wells in the oil production process, resulting in high downhole operation costs. The production machinery of the rodless oil production system mainly includes submersible electric pumps, hydraulic piston pumps, etc. Although this type of oil production system avoids the eccentric wear phenomenon in the oil production process, it still has the disadvantages of low efficiency, high energy consumption and poor universality.

[0003] In addition, during the oil production process, crude oil usually needs to be heated to reduce its viscosity and increase its flow rate, thereby speeding up oil production efficiency. Traditional heating methods mostly use combustion systems, which not only consume a lot of energy, but also produce a large amount of pollutants. When the gas furnace uses associated gas from the well site, there is also the risk of condensate oil emissions and the risk of ignition and explosion of the heating furnace.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide an energy-saving explosion-proof heating type oil well production equipment to solve the problems raised in the above background technology. Summary of the invention

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: an energy-saving explosion-proof heating type oil well production equipment, comprising a casing, an oil pipe, a sealing mechanism, a sliding sleeve and a piston, wherein the casing is sleeved with an oil pipe, a sealing mechanism is arranged between the casing and the oil pipe, a first oil inlet cavity is formed between the casing, the oil pipe and the sealing mechanism, a second oil inlet cavity is formed inside the oil pipe, and the volume of the second oil inlet cavity is smaller than that of the first oil inlet cavity, a sliding sleeve is sealingly and slidably arranged in the second oil inlet cavity, a piston is sealingly and slidably arranged in the sliding sleeve, the oil pipe is connected to an oil pipeline through an adapter, and the oil pipeline is connected to an external oil collection device;

[0006] An electric heating belt is arranged outside the oil pipe, and the electric heating belt is connected to an external power supply mechanism through a cable;

[0007] A pressure relief pipe is arranged on the top of the casing, and a pressure relief valve is arranged on the pressure relief pipe.

[0008] Preferably, a first oil inlet is provided at the bottom of the sleeve, and a valve ball is provided in the first oil inlet;

[0009] A second oil inlet is provided at the bottom of the oil pipe, a second valve ball is arranged in the second oil inlet, an oil outlet is provided at the top of the oil pipe, a third valve ball is arranged in the oil outlet.

[0010] Preferably, a first limiting ring and a second limiting ring for limiting the piston are fixedly provided at the upper and lower ends of the sliding sleeve respectively;

[0011] A limiting ring three for limiting the sliding sleeve is fixedly arranged on the top of the oil pipe.

[0012] Preferably, a sealing groove is provided in the piston, a through hole 1 is provided on the sealing groove, the through hole 1 connects the second oil inlet chamber with the sealing groove, a valve core rod is slidably provided in the through hole 1, a spring is provided between the valve core rod and the sealing groove, a through hole 2 is provided on the valve core rod, the through hole 2 is connected with the through hole 1;

[0013] Furthermore, the valve core rod can be inserted into the sealing groove and seal the sealing groove.

[0014] Preferably, a spacer plate is sealingly and slidingly provided in the sliding sleeve, the spacer plate can push the valve core rod to slide, a plurality of through holes are opened on the spacer plate, and a plurality of protrusions capable of blocking the through holes are fixedly provided on the piston.

[0015] Preferably, counterweight blocks are provided on both the piston and the spacer plate, and the weight of the counterweight block in the spacer plate is greater than the weight of the counterweight block in the piston.

[0016] Preferably, the isolation mechanism includes an isolation seat and a sealing gasket, wherein the isolation seat is fixedly arranged on the oil pipe, a sealing cavity is opened on the isolation seat, the sealing cavity is connected to an external pneumatic drive mechanism through a pneumatic tube, and a sealing gasket is wrapped outside the sealing cavity.

[0017] Preferably, it also includes a control cabinet;

[0018] The limiting ring 3 is embedded with a pressure sensor 1;

[0019] The sealing seat is embedded with a second pressure sensor and a temperature sensor;

[0020] The control cabinet is electrically connected to the pressure sensor 1, the pressure sensor 2, the temperature sensor, the power supply mechanism and the air pressure drive mechanism.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides an energy-saving explosion-proof heating type oil well production equipment, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] In the present invention, casing, oil pipe, sealing mechanism, electric heating belt and piston are provided. The casing and oil pipe are sealed by the sealing mechanism, and the electric heating belt is used to heat the crude oil. The water vapor generated during the heating process is used to drive the piston to slide and push the crude oil from the second oil inlet chamber to the oil pipeline and collect it through the oil collecting equipment, thereby effectively reducing the energy consumption of oil production. In addition, a counterweight block is arranged on the piston and the partition plate, so that the piston and the partition plate can automatically reset under the action of gravity after pushing the crude oil to the oil pipeline, thereby realizing continuous crude oil production without the need to set up additional driving equipment, and a valve core rod is arranged in the piston. Through the cooperation of the partition plate and the valve core rod, the piston is in a closed state during the upward sliding process and in an open state during the downward sliding process, thereby enabling the piston to effectively push the crude oil to the oil collecting pipe and ensure the normal oil supply of the second oil inlet chamber, and the temperature and pressure in the first oil inlet chamber are monitored in real time through the temperature sensor, the pressure sensor 1 and the pressure sensor 2, and the output power and temperature setting value of the electric heating belt are adjusted through the control cabinet, and the sealing mechanism is controlled to adjust the pressure of the first oil inlet chamber, thereby ensuring that the crude oil maintains an optimal flow velocity while being effectively produced, thereby improving the safety and efficiency of oil production operations. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the casing and the oil pipe in the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the casing and the oil pipe in the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the sealing mechanism in the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the piston in the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the implementation of the piston and the sliding sleeve in the present invention;

[0029] In the figure: 1. casing; 11. first oil inlet; 12. valve ball 1; 2. oil pipe; 21. second oil inlet chamber; 22. second oil inlet; 23. valve ball 2; 24. oil outlet; 25. valve ball 3; 26. limit ring 3; 3. sealing mechanism; 31. sealing seat; 32. sealing gasket; 33. sealing chamber; 4. sleeve; 41. limit ring 1; 42. limit ring 2; 43. spacer; 431. perforation; 5. piston; 51. sealing groove; 52. through hole 1; 53. valve core rod; 54. spring; 55. through hole 2; 56. bump; 6. first oil inlet chamber; 7. oil pipeline; 8. control cabinet; 9. electric belt. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] See also Figure 1 to Figure 6 In an embodiment of the present invention, an energy-saving explosion-proof heating type oil well production equipment comprises a casing 1, an oil pipe 2, a sealing mechanism 3, a sleeve 4 and a piston 5, wherein the casing 1 is sleeved with an oil pipe 2, a sealing mechanism 3 is arranged between the casing 1 and the oil pipe 2, a first oil inlet chamber 6 is formed between the casing 1, the oil pipe 2 and the sealing mechanism 3, a second oil inlet chamber 21 is formed inside the oil pipe 2, and the volume of the second oil inlet chamber 21 is smaller than the volume of the first oil inlet chamber 6, a sleeve 4 is sealingly and slidably arranged in the second oil inlet chamber 21, a piston 5 is sealingly and slidably arranged in the sleeve 4, the oil pipe 2 is connected to the oil pipeline 7 through an adapter, and the oil pipeline 7 is connected to an external oil collection device;

[0031] An electric heating belt 9 is arranged outside the oil pipe 2, and the electric heating belt 9 is connected to an external power supply mechanism through a cable;

[0032] A pressure relief pipe is provided at the top of the casing 1, and a pressure relief valve is provided on the pressure relief pipe;

[0033] The bottom of the sleeve 1 is provided with a first oil inlet 11, and a valve ball 12 is arranged in the first oil inlet 11;

[0034] A second oil inlet 22 is formed at the bottom of the oil pipe 2 , a second valve ball 23 is disposed in the second oil inlet 22 , and an oil outlet 24 is formed at the top of the oil pipe 2 , a third valve ball 25 is disposed in the oil outlet 24 .

[0035] During implementation, in the initial state, the piston 5 and the spacer plate 43 are located at the bottom of the second oil inlet chamber 21, and the casing 1 is extended into the oil layer. Then, the crude oil enters the first oil inlet chamber 6 through the first oil inlet port 11. After the oil pressure in the first oil inlet chamber 6 is stabilized, the valve ball 12 closes the first oil inlet port 11 under the action of gravity, and the first oil inlet chamber 6 is sealed by the sealing mechanism 3. Then, the crude oil entering the first oil inlet chamber 6 is heated by the electric heating belt 9. During this process, the water in the crude oil is heated to form water vapor and gathers at the top of the first oil inlet chamber 6. During this process, the pressure in the first oil inlet chamber 6 increases, so that the crude oil enters the second oil inlet chamber 21 from the second oil inlet port 22 and pushes the spacer plate 43 and the piston 5. The first oil inlet chamber 6 is filled with crude oil by sliding upward, and when the sliding sleeve 4 touches the limit ring 3 26, the electric heating belt 9 is controlled to stop heating, and the sealing mechanism 3 is opened to reduce the pressure in the first oil inlet chamber 6. During this process, the second valve ball 23 closes the second oil inlet port 22 under the action of its own gravity and the pressure of the liquid column inside the second oil inlet chamber 21. Then, the crude oil in the well enters the first oil inlet chamber 6 through the first oil inlet port 11 and refills the first oil inlet chamber 6. The water vapor in the first oil inlet chamber 6 is discharged through the pressure relief pipe, and then the first oil inlet chamber 6 is reclosed through the sealing mechanism 3. Then, the partition plate 43 and the piston 5 slide downward under the action of the counterweight block, and because the weight of the counterweight block in the partition plate 43 is greater than the The weight of the counterweight in the piston 5 then slides down preferentially. During this process, the protrusion 56 disengages from the through hole 431, so that the crude oil below the partition plate 43 flows to the top of the partition plate 43 through the through hole 431. After the partition plate 43 disengages from the piston 5, the valve core rod 53 slides under the action of the spring 54, so that the sealing groove 51, the through hole 1 52 and the through hole 2 55 are in an open state, so that the crude oil below the piston 5 flows to the top of the piston 5. Subsequently, when the partition plate 43 drives the sleeve 4 to slide to the bottom of the second oil inlet chamber 21, the partition plate 43 stops sliding, and the piston 5 continues to slide until it fits together with the partition plate 43. During this process, the protrusion 56 arranged on the piston 5 closes the through hole 431. The valve core rod 53 slides under the action of the counterweight in the piston 5, and the sealing groove 51 is re-closed, thereby sealing the piston 5 and the partition plate 43 as a whole. Then, the electric heating belt 9 is used to reheat the crude oil in the first oil inlet chamber 6, so that the water in the crude oil generates water vapor, thereby increasing the pressure in the first oil inlet chamber 6, so that the crude oil in the first oil inlet chamber 6 enters the second oil inlet chamber 21 from the second oil inlet port 22, and pushes the piston 5 and the partition plate 43 to slide, pushing the crude oil in the second oil inlet chamber 21 into the oil pipeline 7, and collecting it through the oil collecting equipment. When the piston 5 drives the sliding sleeve 4 to touch the limit ring 3 26, the heating of the electric heating belt 9 is stopped and the sealing mechanism 3 is opened, and the pressure of the first oil inlet chamber 6 is relieved through the pressure relief pipe.Then the crude oil in the well re-enters the first oil inlet chamber 6, so that the continuous production of crude oil can be realized in this cycle. During this process, the crude oil transported to the oil pipeline 7 is always heated crude oil, which effectively speeds up the oil production efficiency and does not require a separate driving device, effectively reducing the energy consumption of oil production.

[0036] In this embodiment, a limiting ring 1 41 and a limiting ring 2 42 for limiting the piston 5 are respectively fixedly provided at the upper and lower ends of the sliding sleeve 4;

[0037] A limiting ring 26 for limiting the sliding sleeve 4 is fixedly arranged on the top of the oil pipe 2 .

[0038] The sliding sleeve 4 is provided so that the sliding lead distance of the piston 5 is larger, which effectively increases the amount of crude oil collected and improves the oil recovery efficiency. The sliding of the sliding sleeve 4 reduces the friction force on the piston 5, thereby effectively reducing the friction loss of the piston 5 and increasing its service life.

[0039] In this embodiment, a sealing groove 51 is provided in the piston 5, a through hole 1 52 is provided on the sealing groove 51, the through hole 1 52 connects the second oil inlet chamber 21 with the sealing groove 51, a valve core rod 53 is slidably provided in the through hole 1 52, a spring 54 is provided between the valve core rod 53 and the sealing groove 51, a through hole 2 55 is provided on the valve core rod 53, the through hole 2 55 is connected with the through hole 1 52;

[0040] Furthermore, the valve core rod 53 can be inserted into the sealing groove 51 to seal the sealing groove 51 .

[0041] It should be noted that the elastic force of the spring 54 is smaller than the gravity applied by the counterweight in the piston 5. When the piston 5 and the spacer plate 43 are located at the bottom of the second oil inlet chamber 21, the valve core rod 53 slides under the action of the counterweight in the piston 5, so that the sealing groove 51, the through hole 1 52 and the through hole 2 55 are closed, thereby making the piston 5 and the spacer plate 43 form a closed whole. When the crude oil in the first oil inlet chamber 6 enters the second oil inlet chamber 21, the piston 5 and the spacer plate 43 can be effectively pushed and the crude oil in the second oil inlet chamber 21 can be pushed out.

[0042] In this embodiment, a spacer plate 43 is sealingly and slidingly arranged in the sleeve 4, and the spacer plate 43 can push the valve core rod 53 to slide. A plurality of through holes 431 are opened on the spacer plate 43, and a plurality of protrusions 56 capable of blocking the through holes 431 are fixedly arranged on the piston 5.

[0043] In this embodiment, counterweight blocks are disposed on both the piston 5 and the spacer plate 43 , and the weight of the counterweight block in the spacer plate 43 is greater than the weight of the counterweight block in the piston 5 .

[0044] In this embodiment, the sealing mechanism 3 includes a sealing seat 31 and a sealing gasket 32, wherein the sealing seat 31 is fixedly arranged on the oil pipe 2, and a sealing cavity 33 is opened on the sealing seat 31. The sealing cavity 33 is connected to an external pneumatic driving mechanism through an air pressure pipe, and the outside of the sealing cavity 33 is wrapped with a sealing gasket 32, and the sealing gasket 32 ​​is made of high-temperature resistant rubber material.

[0045] During implementation, air pressure is filled into the sealing chamber 33 through the air pressure driving mechanism, so that the sealing gasket 32 ​​fits tightly on the casing 1, thereby effectively closing the first oil inlet chamber 6. When the heated crude oil in the first oil inlet chamber 6 enters the second oil inlet chamber 21, the sealing gasket 32 ​​is retracted to reduce the pressure in the first oil inlet chamber 6, thereby allowing the unheated crude oil in the well to enter the first oil inlet chamber 6. This cycle is repeated so that the crude oil introduced into the oil pipeline 7 each time is heated crude oil, thereby effectively improving the oil recovery efficiency.

[0046] In this embodiment, a control cabinet 8 is also included;

[0047] The limiting ring 3 26 is embedded with a pressure sensor 1;

[0048] The sealing seat 31 is embedded with a second pressure sensor and a temperature sensor;

[0049] The control cabinet 8 is electrically connected to the pressure sensor 1, the pressure sensor 2, the temperature sensor, the power supply mechanism and the air pressure drive mechanism.

[0050] During implementation, the temperature in the first oil inlet chamber 6 is monitored in real time by a temperature sensor to ensure that the crude oil maintains an optimal flow rate while being effectively exploited. The sliding position of the piston 5 and the spacer plate 43 is detected by a pressure sensor 1. When the pressure sensor 1 detects the pressure, the electric belt 9 is controlled to stop heating. The pressure in the first oil inlet chamber 6 is monitored in real time by the pressure sensor 2 to ensure that the pressure in the first oil inlet chamber 6 is at a safe threshold, and the isolation mechanism 3 is controlled to adjust the pressure in the first oil inlet chamber 6 to prevent damage to the oil production equipment.

[0051] To sum up, when the present invention is implemented, the crude oil is heated by the electric heating belt 9, so that the heating efficiency of the crude oil is improved while the generation of pollutants is effectively avoided, and the crude oil is collected by the piston 5 instead of the solid rod, so that the piston 5 can drive the piston 5 to slide and complete the oil production work without the intervention of an external driving mechanism. The water vapor generated by the electric heating belt 9 heating the crude oil can drive the piston 5 to slide and complete the oil production work, thereby effectively reducing the energy consumption of oil production. In addition, a valve core rod 53 is provided in the piston 5 and a spacer plate 43 is provided in the sleeve 4. Through the cooperation of the valve core rod 53 and the spacer plate 43, the piston 5 can be in a closed state when pushing out the crude oil in the second oil inlet chamber 21, and be in an open state when sliding downward along the second oil inlet chamber 21 after the pushing is completed, thereby realizing continuous production of crude oil by sliding back and forth.

[0052] What is described above is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An energy-saving explosion-proof heating type oil well production equipment, characterized in that: The invention comprises a casing (1), an oil pipe (2), a sealing mechanism (3), a sliding sleeve (4) and a piston (5), wherein the casing (1) is sleeved with the oil pipe (2), a sealing mechanism (3) is arranged between the casing (1) and the oil pipe (2), a first oil inlet chamber (6) is formed between the casing (1), the oil pipe (2) and the sealing mechanism (3), a second oil inlet chamber (21) is formed inside the oil pipe (2), and the volume of the second oil inlet chamber (21) is smaller than the volume of the first oil inlet chamber (6), a sliding sleeve (4) is sealingly and slidably arranged in the second oil inlet chamber (21), a piston (5) is sealingly and slidably arranged in the sliding sleeve (4), the oil pipe (2) is connected to an oil delivery pipe (7) via an adapter, and the oil delivery pipe (7) is connected to an external oil collecting device; An electric heating belt (9) is arranged outside the oil pipe (2), and the electric heating belt (9) is connected to an external power supply mechanism via a cable; A pressure relief pipe is provided at the top of the casing (1), and a pressure relief valve is provided on the pressure relief pipe; The piston (5) is provided with a sealing groove (51), the sealing groove (51) is provided with a first through hole (52), the first through hole (52) connects the second oil inlet chamber (21) with the sealing groove (51), a valve core rod (53) is slidably arranged in the first through hole (52), a spring (54) is arranged between the valve core rod (53) and the sealing groove (51), the valve core rod (53) is provided with a second through hole (55), the second through hole (55) is connected with the first through hole (52); The valve core rod (53) can be inserted into the sealing groove (51) to seal the sealing groove (51); A spacer plate (43) is sealingly and slidably provided in the sliding sleeve (4), the spacer plate (43) being capable of pushing the valve core rod (53) to slide, a plurality of through holes (431) being provided on the spacer plate (43), and a plurality of protrusions (56) capable of blocking the through holes (431) being fixedly provided on the piston (5).

2. The energy-saving explosion-proof heating type oil well production equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The bottom of the sleeve (1) is provided with a first oil inlet (11), and a valve ball (12) is arranged in the first oil inlet (11); A second oil inlet (22) is provided at the bottom of the oil pipe (2), a second valvular ball (23) is arranged in the second oil inlet (22), and an oil outlet (24) is provided at the top of the oil pipe (2), a third valvular ball (25) is arranged in the oil outlet (24).

3. The energy-saving explosion-proof heating type oil well production equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A first limiting ring (41) and a second limiting ring (42) for limiting the piston (5) are respectively fixedly provided at the upper and lower ends of the sliding sleeve (4); A limiting ring three (26) for limiting the sliding sleeve (4) is fixedly arranged on the top of the oil pipe (2).

4. The energy-saving explosion-proof heating type oil well production equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The piston (5) and the spacer plate (43) are both provided with a counterweight block, and the weight of the counterweight block in the spacer plate (43) is greater than the weight of the counterweight block in the piston (5).

5. The energy-saving explosion-proof heating type oil well production equipment according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The sealing mechanism (3) comprises a sealing seat (31) and a sealing gasket (32), wherein the sealing seat (31) is fixedly arranged on the oil pipe (2), a sealing cavity (33) is opened on the sealing seat (31), the sealing cavity (33) is connected to an external air pressure driving mechanism through an air pressure pipe, and the sealing cavity (33) is wrapped with a sealing gasket (32) outside.

6. The energy-saving explosion-proof heating type oil well production equipment according to claim 5 is characterized in that: Also includes a control cabinet (8); The limiting ring 3 (26) is embedded with a pressure sensor 1; The sealing seat (31) is embedded with a second pressure sensor and a temperature sensor; The control cabinet (8) is electrically connected to the first pressure sensor, the second pressure sensor, the temperature sensor, the power supply mechanism, and the air pressure drive mechanism.

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