A multilayer fluidized bed reactor

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of fluidized beds, and in particular to a multi-layer fluidized bed reactor, comprising: a cylinder, which is cylindrical; the interior of the cylinder is divided into a reaction chamber and an air supply chamber by an air distribution plate; air holes are evenly distributed on the air distribution plate; the reaction chamber is divided into a first layer reaction chamber and a second layer reaction chamber by a horizontal baffle, the first layer reaction chamber is divided into a plurality of reaction chambers by a first vertical baffle, and the second layer reaction chamber is divided into a plurality of reaction chambers by a second vertical baffle; the air supply chamber corresponds one-to-one with the reaction chambers in the first layer reaction chamber. Each reaction chamber in the first layer reaction chamber can be used alternately as a loosening chamber and a fluidizing chamber in turn, and the air supply chamber corresponds one-to-one with the reaction chamber in the first layer reaction chamber, which is convenient for controlling the gas velocity of each reaction chamber individually, and can control the material to pass alternately in the loosening chamber and the fluidizing chamber, thereby solving the technical problem that a general fluidized bed reactor is prone to form a fluidized dead zone in certain areas, which will cause the fluidized bed reactor to be unable to operate normally.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of fluidized beds, and in particular to a multi-layer fluidized bed reactor. Background Art

[0002] Fluidized bed reactor is an important chemical equipment. It uses gas to pass through a granular solid layer to make the solid particles in a suspended motion state and carry out a gas-solid phase reaction process. After completing a reaction cycle, the generated products are sent to the subsequent processing unit in the form of gas. Fluidized bed reactor can realize the continuous input and output of solid materials.

[0003] In a general fluidized bed reactor, the reaction chamber is divided into several reaction chambers by baffles. The material enters from one end of the reaction chamber and is discharged from the other end after passing through each chamber, thereby increasing the reaction time and the reaction rate.

[0004] However, after a general fluidized bed reactor has been running for a certain period of time, the material in each chamber accumulates and increases, resulting in the formation of fluidization dead zones in certain areas. The fluidized bed reactor cannot operate normally, the reaction conversion rate is low, and the production cost increases. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present application aims to at least solve one of the technical problems that after a general fluidized bed reactor has been running for a certain period of time, the material in each chamber accumulates and increases, resulting in the formation of fluidized dead zones in certain areas, the fluidized bed reactor cannot operate normally, the reaction conversion rate is low, and the production cost is increased.

[0006] To this end, the present application provides a multi-layer fluidized bed reactor, in which each reaction chamber in a layer of reaction chambers can be used alternately as a loosening chamber and a fluidizing chamber in turn, and the gas supply chamber corresponds one-to-one to the reaction chamber in a layer of reaction chambers, so that the gas velocity of each reaction chamber can be controlled individually, and the material can be controlled to pass alternately through the loosening chamber and the fluidizing chamber, thereby avoiding the accumulation of materials in each chamber, and solving the technical problem that a general fluidized bed reactor is prone to form a fluidization dead zone in certain areas, and the fluidized bed reactor cannot operate normally.

[0007] A multi-layer fluidized bed reactor provided according to an embodiment of the present application includes: a cylinder, which is cylindrical; the interior of the cylinder is divided into a reaction chamber and an air supply chamber by an air distribution plate; air holes are evenly distributed on the air distribution plate; the reaction chamber is divided into a first-layer reaction chamber and a second-layer reaction chamber by a horizontal baffle, the first-layer reaction chamber is divided into a plurality of reaction chambers by a first vertical baffle, the second-layer reaction chamber is divided into a plurality of reaction chambers by a second vertical baffle, and the reaction chambers are connected in sequence from the first-layer reaction chamber to the second-layer reaction chamber; the material inlet is arranged on the side wall of the first reaction chamber of the first layer of the reaction chamber, and the material outlet is arranged on the side wall of the last reaction chamber of the second layer of the reaction chamber; the air supply chamber is divided into a plurality of air supply chambers by a third vertical baffle, and the positions of the air supply chambers correspond one-to-one to the reaction chambers in the first layer of the reaction chamber; the gas inlets are respectively connected with the air supply chambers.

[0008] Optionally, the height of the first layer reaction chamber is the same as the height of the second layer reaction chamber.

[0009] Optionally, the opening rate of the pores on the air distribution plate is 6%-16%, and the thickness of the air distribution plate is 1-5 mm.

[0010] Optionally, the first vertical baffle plate and the second vertical baffle plate are respectively provided with connecting notches, the connecting notches are arranged alternately up and down, and the connecting notches are used to connect the reaction chambers.

[0011] Optionally, the ratio of the height of the connecting gap to the height of the reaction chamber is 0.2-0.35.

[0012] Optionally, the material inlet and the material outlet are on an extension line of the diameter of the same cylinder.

[0013] Optionally, the material inlet and the material outlet are cylindrical, the diameters of the material inlet and the material outlet are equal, and the ratio of the diameter of the material inlet to the diameter of the cylinder is 0.1-0.3.

[0014] Optionally, a first layer of reaction chambers is evenly divided into four reaction chambers by two orthogonally arranged first vertical baffles, namely reaction chamber No. Ⅰ, reaction chamber No. Ⅱ, reaction chamber No. Ⅲ and reaction chamber No. Ⅳ; a second layer of reaction chambers is evenly divided into four reaction chambers by two orthogonally arranged second vertical baffles, namely reaction chamber No. Ⅴ, reaction chamber No. Ⅵ, reaction chamber No. Ⅶ and reaction chamber No. Ⅷ; reaction chamber No. Ⅰ, reaction chamber No. Ⅱ, reaction chamber No. Ⅲ, reaction chamber No. Ⅳ, reaction chamber No. Ⅴ, reaction chamber No. Ⅵ, reaction chamber No. Ⅶ and reaction chamber No. Ⅷ are connected in sequence; a material inlet is arranged on the side wall of reaction chamber No. Ⅰ, and a material outlet is arranged on the side wall of reaction chamber No. Ⅷ.

[0015] Optionally, the gas supply chamber is evenly divided into four gas supply chambers by two orthogonally arranged third vertical baffles, and the positions of the gas supply chambers correspond to reaction chamber No. Ⅰ, reaction chamber No. Ⅱ, reaction chamber No. Ⅲ, and reaction chamber No. Ⅳ respectively.

[0016] Optionally, the material inlet is located at the middle position of the outer circumference of reaction chamber No. I in the horizontal direction, and the material inlet is located at the top of reaction chamber No. I in the vertical direction; the material outlet is located at the middle position of the outer circumference of reaction chamber No. VIII in the horizontal direction, and the material outlet is located at the bottom of reaction chamber No. VIII in the vertical direction.

[0017] One of the above technical solutions has at least the following advantages or beneficial effects:

[0018] The present application provides a multi-layer fluidized bed reactor, comprising: a cylinder, which is cylindrical; the interior of the cylinder is divided into a reaction chamber and an air supply chamber by an air distribution plate; air holes are evenly distributed on the air distribution plate; the reaction chamber is divided into a first-layer reaction chamber and a second-layer reaction chamber by a horizontal baffle, the first-layer reaction chamber is divided into a plurality of reaction chambers by a first vertical baffle, the second-layer reaction chamber is divided into a plurality of reaction chambers by a second vertical baffle, and the reaction chambers are connected in sequence from the first-layer reaction chamber to the second-layer reaction chamber; a material inlet is arranged on the side wall of the first reaction chamber of the first-layer reaction chamber, and a material outlet is arranged on the side wall of the last reaction chamber of the second-layer reaction chamber; the air supply chamber is divided into a plurality of air supply chambers by a third vertical baffle, and the positions of the air supply chambers correspond one-to-one to the reaction chambers in the first-layer reaction chamber; and the gas inlets are respectively connected with the air supply chambers. Each reaction chamber in a layer of reaction chambers can be used alternately as a loosening chamber and a fluidizing chamber in turn. The gas supply chamber corresponds one-to-one to the reaction chamber in a layer of reaction chambers, which is convenient for individually controlling the gas velocity of each reaction chamber. The material can be controlled to pass alternately through the loosening chamber and the fluidizing chamber, avoiding the accumulation of materials in each chamber, and solving the technical problem that a general fluidized bed reactor is prone to form a fluidizing dead zone in certain areas and the fluidized bed reactor cannot operate normally. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present application, the drawings required for use in the embodiments are briefly introduced below. Obviously, for ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative work.

[0020] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a multilayer fluidized bed reactor provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0021] Figure 2 An exploded view of a multilayer fluidized bed reactor provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0022] Figure 3 A front view of a multilayer fluidized bed reactor provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0023] Figure 4 A top view of a multilayer fluidized bed reactor provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0024] Figure 5 The embodiment of the present application provides Figure 3 Sectional view along line AA;

[0025] Figure 6 The embodiment of the present application provides Figure 4 Sectional view along line BB.

[0026] Description of reference numerals:

[0027] 1. Top cover, 2. Cylinder, 21. Air supply chamber, 211. Third vertical baffle, 22. First layer reaction chamber, 221. First vertical baffle, 23. Second layer reaction chamber, 231. Second vertical baffle, 24. Air distribution plate, 25. Horizontal baffle, 3. Material inlet, 4. Material outlet, 5. Gas inlet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] In order to better explain the present application and facilitate understanding, the present application is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings through specific implementation methods. Figure 1 The orientation of is used as a reference. The position of the top cover 1 relative to the gas inlet 5 is defined as "upper"; the position of the first vertical baffle 221 relative to the cylinder 2 is defined as "inner".

[0029] As mentioned above, a fluidized bed reactor, also known as an ebullient bed reactor, refers to a device in which a gas undergoes a chemical reaction in an ebullient bed composed of solid materials or catalysts. In this device, the gas strongly stirs the solid particle material at a certain flow rate, making it like a boiling liquid and showing certain characteristics of a liquid, such as the effect of fluid pressure on the vessel wall, overflow and viscosity. Its working principle is mainly based on gas-solid fluidization technology. When the gas passes through the bed at a high flow rate, it will drive the solid particles in the bed to move, causing them to suspend in the flowing main flow for reaction. In this state, the solid particles are blown up by the fluid and are in a suspended state, and can move violently up and down and left and right and flip, just like the boiling liquid.

[0030] In a general fluidized bed reactor, the reaction chamber is divided into several reaction chambers by baffles. Usually, only one reaction chamber can be used as a loosening chamber, and the others are used as fluidizing chambers.

[0031] The loosening chamber is mainly used to loosen the material initially to facilitate the subsequent fluidization process. In the fluidized bed equipment, the loosening chamber is usually located before the fluidization chamber. Through specific mechanical or air flow effects, the material particles are caused to move relative to each other, thereby destroying the agglomeration state of the particles and increasing the looseness of the material.

[0032] The fluidizing chamber is the core part for the reaction. By introducing the reaction gas, the material particles are suspended and in a fluidized state. In the fluidized state, the contact and collision frequency between the material particles is greatly increased, thereby promoting the heat and mass transfer process between the materials and improving the efficiency of operations such as drying, mixing, and reaction.

[0033] The material needs to pass through multiple fluidizing chambers, and the pressure of the reaction gas will drop after the reaction, causing the material to accumulate. There is no loosening chamber between the multiple fluidizing chambers to loosen the material.

[0034] Therefore, after a general fluidized bed reactor has been running for a certain period of time, the material in each chamber accumulates and increases, resulting in the formation of fluidization dead zones in certain areas. The fluidized bed reactor cannot operate normally, the reaction conversion rate is low, and the production cost is increased.

[0035] In order to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art or related technology, the present application provides a multi-layer fluidized bed reactor, comprising: a cylinder, which is cylindrical; the interior of the cylinder is divided into a reaction chamber and an air supply chamber by an air distribution plate; air holes are evenly distributed on the air distribution plate; the reaction chamber is divided into a first layer reaction chamber and a second layer reaction chamber by a horizontal baffle, the first layer reaction chamber is divided into a plurality of reaction chambers by a first vertical baffle, the second layer reaction chamber is divided into a plurality of reaction chambers by a second vertical baffle, and the reaction chambers are connected in sequence from the first layer reaction chamber to the second layer reaction chamber; the material inlet is arranged on the side wall of the first reaction chamber of the first layer reaction chamber, and the material outlet is arranged on the side wall of the last reaction chamber of the second layer reaction chamber; the air supply chamber is divided into a plurality of air supply chambers by a third vertical baffle, and the positions of the air supply chambers correspond one by one to the reaction chambers in the first layer reaction chamber; the gas inlets are respectively connected to the air supply chambers. Each reaction chamber in a layer of reaction chambers can be used alternately as a loosening chamber and a fluidizing chamber in turn. The gas supply chamber corresponds one-to-one to the reaction chamber in a layer of reaction chambers, which is convenient for individually controlling the gas velocity of each reaction chamber. The material can be controlled to pass alternately through the loosening chamber and the fluidizing chamber, avoiding the accumulation of materials in each chamber, and solving the technical problem that a general fluidized bed reactor is prone to form a fluidizing dead zone in certain areas and the fluidized bed reactor cannot operate normally.

[0036] A multilayer fluidized bed reactor according to some embodiments provided in the present application is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0037] See also Figures 1 to 6 A multilayer fluidized bed reactor provided in an embodiment of the first aspect of the present application comprises: a cylinder 2, which is cylindrical; the interior of the cylinder 2 is divided into a reaction chamber and an air supply chamber 21 by an air distribution plate 24; air holes are evenly distributed on the air distribution plate 24; the reaction chamber is divided into a first layer reaction chamber 22 and a second layer reaction chamber 23 by a horizontal baffle 25, the first layer reaction chamber 22 is divided into a plurality of reaction chambers by a first vertical baffle 221, the second layer reaction chamber 23 is divided into a plurality of reaction chambers by a second vertical baffle 231, and the reaction chambers are connected in sequence from the first layer reaction chamber 22 to the second layer reaction chamber 23; the material inlet 3 is arranged on the side wall of the first reaction chamber of the first layer reaction chamber 22, and the material outlet 4 is arranged on the side wall of the last reaction chamber of the second layer reaction chamber 23; the air supply chamber 21 is divided into a plurality of air supply chambers by a third vertical baffle 211, and the positions of the air supply chambers correspond one by one to the reaction chambers in the first layer reaction chamber 22; the gas inlets 5 are respectively connected to the air supply chambers.

[0038] The barrel 2 is cylindrical, with the lower layer being the gas supply chamber 21 and the upper layer being the reaction chamber; the reaction chamber is further divided into two layers, with the lower layer being the first layer reaction chamber 22 and the upper layer being the second layer reaction chamber 23, and the first layer reaction chamber 22 and the second layer reaction chamber 23 are further divided into a plurality of reaction chambers. The material enters the reaction chamber from the material inlet 3, and the gas enters from the gas inlet 5. The number of gas supply chambers is the same as the number of reaction chambers in the first layer reaction chamber 22, and each reaction chamber in the first layer reaction chamber 22 has an independent gas source for gas supply. This design enables each reaction chamber in the first layer reaction chamber 22 to be used as a loosening chamber or a fluidizing chamber, for example: the first reaction chamber is used as a loosening chamber, the second reaction chamber is used as a fluidizing chamber, and the third reaction chamber is used as a loosening chamber, and this is performed alternately; or, the first reaction chamber and the last reaction chamber in the first layer reaction chamber 22 are used as loosening chambers, and the other reaction chambers are used as fluidizing chambers, etc. This design can control the material to pass alternately through the loosening chamber and the fluidizing chamber in sequence, avoiding the accumulation of materials in each chamber, and solving the technical problem that general fluidized bed reactors are prone to form fluidization dead zones in certain areas, causing the fluidized bed reactors to be unable to operate normally.

[0039] When a certain reaction chamber is used as a loosening chamber, air, nitrogen or other protective gas is introduced into the corresponding gas inlet 5, and the relative movement between the material particles is generated by controlling the gas speed, thereby destroying the agglomeration state of the particles and increasing the looseness of the material; when a certain reaction chamber is used as a fluidizing chamber, the corresponding gas inlet 5 is introduced into the reaction gas, so that the material particles are suspended and in a fluidized state. In the fluidized state, the material moves up and down along the baffle channel in the reaction chamber. Multiple reaction chambers are set in the first layer reaction chamber 22 and the second layer reaction chamber 23, which prolongs the path of the material in the fluidized bed, increases the reaction time between the material and the gas, and improves the reaction efficiency.

[0040] It is understandable that the number of reaction chambers in the first layer reaction chamber 22 may be the same as or different from the number of reaction chambers in the second layer reaction chamber 23; the reaction chambers in the first layer reaction chamber 22 and the second layer reaction chamber 23 may be arranged evenly or unevenly, and may be optimized accordingly according to different materials.

[0041] In an illustrative embodiment, Figure 2 As shown, the first layer of reaction chamber 22 is evenly divided into four reaction chambers by two orthogonally arranged first vertical baffles 221, namely reaction chamber No. Ⅰ, reaction chamber No. Ⅱ, reaction chamber No. Ⅲ and reaction chamber No. Ⅳ; the second layer of reaction chamber 23 is evenly divided into four reaction chambers by two orthogonally arranged second vertical baffles 231, namely reaction chamber No. Ⅴ, reaction chamber No. Ⅵ, reaction chamber No. Ⅶ and reaction chamber No. Ⅷ; reaction chamber No. Ⅰ, reaction chamber No. Ⅱ, reaction chamber No. Ⅲ, reaction chamber No. Ⅳ, reaction chamber No. Ⅴ, reaction chamber No. Ⅵ, reaction chamber No. Ⅶ and reaction chamber No. Ⅷ are connected in sequence; the material inlet 3 is arranged on the side wall of reaction chamber No. Ⅰ, and the material outlet 4 is arranged on the side wall of reaction chamber No. Ⅷ.

[0042] Two orthogonally arranged first vertical baffles 221 refer to two first vertical baffles 221 being vertical, and the two first vertical baffles 221 intersect at the middle point, that is, two orthogonally arranged first vertical baffles 221 can evenly separate a layer of reaction chambers 22, that is, reaction chambers No. Ⅰ, No. Ⅱ, No. Ⅲ and No. Ⅳ are of the same size. Similarly, reaction chambers No. Ⅴ, No. Ⅵ, No. Ⅶ and No. Ⅷ are also of the same size. Reaction chamber No. Ⅳ is directly below reaction chamber No. Ⅴ, and reaction chamber No. Ⅳ is connected to reaction chamber No. Ⅴ by setting a notch on the horizontal baffle 25. Such a design structure is simple, and the uniform arrangement of the reaction chambers can ensure that the reaction gas is evenly distributed in the chamber, avoiding excessively high or low local gas concentrations, thereby ensuring the uniformity of the reaction.

[0043] In an illustrative embodiment, Figure 5 As shown, the gas supply chamber 21 is evenly divided into four gas supply chambers by two orthogonally arranged third vertical baffles 211, and the positions of the gas supply chambers correspond to reaction chambers No. I, No. II, No. III, and No. IV, respectively. The four gas supply chambers are evenly arranged, which can facilitate the control of gas flow, ensure that the gas is evenly distributed in the chamber, avoid excessively high or low local gas concentration, and thus ensure the uniformity of the reaction.

[0044] In an illustrative embodiment, the material inlet 3 is located at the middle position of the outer circumference of reaction chamber No. Ⅰ in the horizontal direction, and the material inlet 3 is located at the top of reaction chamber No. Ⅰ in the vertical direction; the material outlet 4 is located at the middle position of the outer circumference of reaction chamber No. Ⅷ in the horizontal direction, and the material outlet 4 is located at the bottom of reaction chamber No. Ⅷ in the vertical direction.

[0045] The material inlet 3 is located in the middle of the outer circumference of the reaction chamber I in the horizontal direction, that is, the axial direction of the material inlet 3 is 45 degrees to the two orthogonally arranged first vertical baffles 221. Figure 4 As shown in FIG. 1 , such an arrangement helps to ensure that the material can enter the No. 1 reaction chamber evenly and efficiently. The material inlet 3 is located at the top of the No. 1 reaction chamber in the vertical direction, as shown in FIG. Figure 3 As shown, after the material enters the No. 1 reaction chamber, it will fall downward under the action of gravity, and the gas in the gas supply chamber is blown from bottom to top, so that the material can be fully mixed with the gas in a shorter time after entering the No. 1 reaction chamber.

[0046] The material outlet 4 is located at the middle of the outer circumference of the No. VIII reaction chamber in the horizontal direction, that is, the axial direction of the material outlet 4 is 45 degrees to the two orthogonally arranged second vertical baffles 231, which helps to ensure that the material can be discharged evenly and efficiently. The material outlet 4 is located at the bottom of the No. VIII reaction chamber in the vertical direction, so that the material moves from top to bottom in the No. VIII reaction chamber, which is easier to discharge and can avoid the accumulation of materials.

[0047] In an exemplary embodiment, the height of the first layer reaction chamber 22 is the same as the height of the second layer reaction chamber 23. This design is to ensure the uniform distribution of the material in the first layer reaction chamber 22 and the second layer reaction chamber 23. When the material flows from the first layer reaction chamber 22 into the second layer reaction chamber 23, due to the high consistency, the flow path and speed of the material may be more uniform, which helps to reduce local accumulation or blockage of the material during the flow process, thereby ensuring the uniform distribution of the material throughout the reaction process.

[0048] In an illustrative embodiment, Figure 5 As shown, the porosity of the pores on the air distribution plate 24 is 6%-16%, and the thickness of the air distribution plate 24 is 1-5 mm. The porosity of the pores refers to the ratio of the sum of the areas of all pores on the air distribution plate 24 to the effective area of ​​the air distribution plate 24, for example, the porosity of the pores on the air distribution plate 24 is 6%; or, the porosity of the pores on the air distribution plate 24 is 10%; or, the porosity of the pores on the air distribution plate 24 is 16%. This arrangement allows more pores on the air distribution plate 24, so that the airflow passing through the air distribution plate 24 can be more evenly distributed in the reaction chamber, which helps to reduce airflow dead angles and vortex phenomena, and improve the fluidization effect and reaction efficiency of the material. The air distribution plate 24 can be made of 316 or 304 stainless steel with a thickness within the range of 1-5 mm, for example, the thickness of the air distribution plate 24 is 1 mm; or, the thickness of the air distribution plate 24 is 2 mm; or, the thickness of the air distribution plate 24 is 3.5 mm; or, the thickness of the air distribution plate 24 is 5 mm. This arrangement enables the air distribution plate 24 to maintain sufficient mechanical strength to withstand various forces during the reaction process. When the thickness of the air distribution plate 24 is thinner, the pressure drop is reduced.

[0049] In an illustrative embodiment, Figure 6 As shown, the first vertical baffle 221 and the second vertical baffle 231 are respectively provided with connecting notches, which are arranged in an up-down staggered manner, and the connecting notches are used to connect the reaction chamber. The material moves up and down along the first vertical baffle 221 and the second vertical baffle 231 in the reaction chamber, and the connecting notches are arranged in an up-down staggered manner, which prolongs the path of the material in the reaction chamber, increases the reaction time of the material and the gas, and improves the reaction efficiency.

[0050] In an illustrative embodiment, the ratio of the height of the connecting gap to the height of the reaction chamber is 0.2-0.35. For example, the ratio of the height of the connecting gap to the height of the reaction chamber is 0.2; or, the ratio of the height of the connecting gap to the height of the reaction chamber is 0.25; or, the ratio of the height of the connecting gap to the height of the reaction chamber is 0.35. This design makes the mixture of material and gas more agitated and react more fully when passing through the first vertical baffle 221 and the second vertical baffle 231. If the height of the connecting gap is too high, the gas and material may be mixed back, resulting in uneven distribution time of the material in the reaction chamber; if the height of the connecting gap is too low, the material is easily blocked when passing through the vertical baffle, affecting the reaction process.

[0051] In an illustrative embodiment, Figure 4 As shown, the material inlet 3 and the material outlet 4 are on the extension line of the diameter of the same cylinder 2. That is, the phase angle between the material inlet 3 and the material outlet 4 is 180°. This design can maximize the use of space and form the longest flow path for the material in the equipment, thereby increasing the contact and mixing opportunities between the material and the gas, which helps to improve the reaction efficiency.

[0052] In an illustrative embodiment, the material inlet 3 and the material outlet 4 are cylindrical, the diameters of the material inlet 3 and the material outlet 4 are equal, and the ratio of the diameter of the material inlet 3 to the diameter of the barrel 2 is 0.1-0.3. The diameter ratio of the material inlet 3 to the barrel 2 reflects the size of the material inlet 3 relative to the entire barrel 2 space, which directly affects the flow rate and distribution of the material when entering the barrel 2, as well as the mixing and reaction effects of the material in the barrel 2. The range of 0.1-0.3 is a reasonable interval obtained through practical experience and theoretical calculations. For example, the ratio of the diameter of the material inlet 3 to the diameter of the barrel 2 is 0.1; or, the ratio of the diameter of the material inlet 3 to the diameter of the barrel 2 is 0.2; or, the ratio of the diameter of the material inlet 3 to the diameter of the barrel 2 is 0.3. If the diameter of the material inlet 3 is too large, gas may flow out of the material inlet 3, and if the diameter is too small, the feeding rate may be slow, and the material may easily accumulate after entering the reaction chamber.

[0053] In an illustrative embodiment, a top cover 1 is provided on the top of the cylinder 2. To facilitate maintenance and overhaul of the inside of the cylinder 2, the top cover 1 is generally detachable. When it is necessary to clean the inside of the cylinder 2, replace internal components, or perform other maintenance work, the top cover 1 can be conveniently opened for operation.

[0054] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the feature. In the description of the present application, "plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0055] In this application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0056] In the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, when a first feature is “on” or “below” a second feature, it may be that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, when a first feature is “above”, “above” or “above” a second feature, it may be that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or it may simply mean that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. When a first feature is “below”, “below” or “below” a second feature, it may be that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or it may simply mean that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0057] In the description of this specification, the description of the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "embodiment", "exemplary embodiment", "example", "specific example" or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, unless they are contradictory.

[0058] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and cannot be understood as limitations on the present application. Ordinary technicians in the field can change, modify, replace and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A multilayer fluidized bed reactor, characterized in that: include: A cylinder (2), wherein the cylinder (2) is cylindrical; The interior of the cylinder (2) is divided into a reaction chamber and an air supply chamber (21) by an air distribution plate (24); air holes are evenly distributed on the air distribution plate (24); The reaction chamber is divided into a first layer reaction chamber (22) and a second layer reaction chamber (23) by a horizontal baffle (25); the first layer reaction chamber (22) is divided into a plurality of reaction chambers by a first vertical baffle (221); the second layer reaction chamber (23) is divided into a plurality of reaction chambers by a second vertical baffle (231); the reaction chambers are connected in sequence from the first layer reaction chamber (22) to the second layer reaction chamber (23); The height of the first layer reaction chamber (22) is the same as the height of the second layer reaction chamber (23); The first vertical baffle plate (221) and the second vertical baffle plate (231) are respectively provided with communication gaps, the communication gaps are arranged in an up-and-down staggered manner, and the communication gaps are used to connect the reaction chambers; The first layer of reaction chamber (22) is evenly divided into four reaction chambers by two orthogonally arranged first vertical baffles (221), namely reaction chamber No. I, reaction chamber No. II, reaction chamber No. III and reaction chamber No. IV; The second layer reaction chamber (23) is evenly divided into four reaction chambers by two orthogonally arranged second vertical baffles (231), namely reaction chamber No. V, reaction chamber No. VI, reaction chamber No. VII and reaction chamber No. VIII; The No. I reaction chamber, the No. II reaction chamber, the No. III reaction chamber, the No. IV reaction chamber, the No. V reaction chamber, the No. VI reaction chamber, the No. VII reaction chamber and the No. VIII reaction chamber are connected in sequence; The material inlet (3) is arranged on the side wall of the No. Ⅰ reaction chamber, and the material outlet (4) is arranged on the side wall of the No. Ⅷ reaction chamber; The gas supply chamber (21) is evenly divided into four gas supply chambers by two orthogonally arranged third vertical baffles (211), and the positions of the gas supply chambers correspond to the No. I reaction chamber, the No. II reaction chamber, the No. III reaction chamber, and the No. IV reaction chamber, respectively; The gas inlets (5) are respectively communicated with the gas supply chambers.

2. A multilayer fluidized bed reactor as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The opening rate of the air holes on the air distribution plate (24) is 6%-16%, and the thickness of the air distribution plate (24) is 1-5 mm.

3. A multilayer fluidized bed reactor as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The ratio of the height of the connecting notch to the height of the reaction chamber is 0.2-0.

35.

4. A multilayer fluidized bed reactor as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The material inlet (3) and the material outlet (4) are on an extension line of the diameter of the same cylinder (2).

5. A multilayer fluidized bed reactor as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The material inlet (3) and the material outlet (4) are cylindrical, the diameters of the material inlet (3) and the material outlet (4) are equal, and the ratio of the diameter of the material inlet (3) to the diameter of the cylinder (2) is 0.1-0.

3.

6. A multilayer fluidized bed reactor as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The material inlet (3) is located at the middle position of the outer circumference of the No. 1 reaction chamber in the horizontal direction, and the material inlet (3) is located at the top of the No. 1 reaction chamber in the vertical direction; the material outlet (4) is located at the middle position of the outer circumference of the No. 8 reaction chamber in the horizontal direction, and the material outlet (4) is located at the bottom of the No. 8 reaction chamber in the vertical direction.

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