A conical cyclone fluidized bed dual reforming reactor device

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of double reforming reactor devices of conical cyclone fluidized bed belonging to the field of catalytic hydrogen production.The reactor device includes three parts of gas inlet device, bed body and center body.Two carbon dioxide and methane are sent into the bottom of bed body by gas inlet device, and the bottom is vane type air distribution plate, and gas flows into bed layer in the form of cyclone.Tapered wall surface is used for the side wall of bed body, and center body is arranged at the center, temperature sensor is arranged on the center body, for monitoring temperature change in bed, and signal is fed back to central controller, to determine whether pulse valve is opened.Water vapor enters the side wall of bed body and center body through pulse valve, when pulse valve is closed, water vapor enters bed body in continuous gas inlet mode, when pulse valve is opened, water vapor enters bed body in pulse mode, to realize the strengthening of reforming reaction in fluidized bed reactor.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of catalytic hydrogen production, and specifically relates to a conical swirling fluidized bed dual reactor device. Background Technology

[0002] Catalytic reforming for hydrogen production is a crucial method that not only reduces methane and carbon dioxide emissions but also yields high hydrogen production, making it significant for resource conservation and environmental protection. To better utilize carbon dioxide, dry reforming technology has attracted widespread attention. However, catalyst coking behavior and the resulting catalyst deactivation are major bottlenecks hindering the development of dry reforming technology. Introducing water vapor can improve catalyst coking behavior, thereby increasing reforming conversion efficiency and catalyst utilization. However, the addition of water vapor affects carbon dioxide conversion, and the non-uniform distribution of the reaction in the reactor leads to lower fuel conversion. Although fluidized bed reactors can enhance gas-solid contact, the presence of mesoscale structures such as bubbles and agglomerates, as well as the ease with which particles deposit on the wall region, still leads to catalyst coking deactivation and a decrease in carbon dioxide conversion. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention aims to solve the problems of uneven reaction distribution and catalyst deactivation caused by carbon buildup during fluidized bed reforming, and proposes a conical swirling fluidized bed dual reforming reactor device.

[0004] The technical solution of the present invention is: a conical swirl fluidized bed dual reactor device, including carbon dioxide and methane inlet devices, water vapor inlet device, bed body, central body, pulse valve, central controller, air distribution plate, and temperature sensor.

[0005] Carbon dioxide and methane gases enter the air distribution plate at the bottom of the bed through the carbon dioxide and methane inlet devices, where they complete the dry reforming reaction under the action of catalyst particles. The steam inlet device has two supply lines: one line leads to the gas inlet on the side wall of the bed through a pulse valve, and the other line leads to the gas inlet on the side wall of the central body through a pulse valve.

[0006] Furthermore, the air distribution plate is located at the bottom of the bed and consists of a set of blades with an angle of 30° to 50°.

[0007] Furthermore, the central body is located at the bottom of the bed, at the center of the upper part of the air distribution plate, with a cone angle of 30° to 60°.

[0008] Furthermore, temperature sensors are arranged along the circumference of the lower and upper halves of the central body to monitor the temperature at different heights and positions. Air inlets are arranged above the temperature sensors, and air inlets leading to the sidewalls of the bed are arranged at a distance higher than the air inlets leading to the sidewalls of the central body, forming an alternating arrangement.

[0009] Furthermore, the temperature sensor is connected to the central controller and transmits the signal to the central controller. The other end of the central controller is connected to the pulse valve. When the temperature signal fluctuates drastically, the central controller determines whether to activate the pulse mode of the pulse valve and adjusts its pulse frequency.

[0010] Furthermore, the pulse frequency range of the pulse valve is 1Hz to 10Hz.

[0011] Furthermore, the operating temperature of the reactor device is 500-700 degrees Celsius.

[0012] Furthermore, the angle between the sidewall of the conical bed and the vertical direction is 15° to 30°.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: 1. The design adopts a blade-type air distribution plate, a conical bed and a central body. By increasing the reactor's gradual expansion structure, the residence time of the gas is enhanced, and the uniformity of the axial reaction is improved.

[0014] 2. The central body and the sidewalls of the conical bed are equipped with staggered air inlets to avoid dead zones in the swirling center area, enhance the swirling degree on the inner and outer walls, improve the uniformity of radial catalytic reaction, and transmit signals through temperature sensors to improve the fluidization state and reaction conditions in the bed by using pulsed airflow.

[0015] 3. A blade-type air distribution plate is installed at the bottom to introduce methane and carbon dioxide gas to complete the dry reforming reaction. Water vapor is introduced into the side wall of the central body and the cyclone bed to separate the water vapor from the carbon dioxide. This can not only improve the carbon dioxide conversion rate at the bottom inlet, but also alleviate the problem of severe carbon deposition on the catalyst, and further improve the utilization rate of the catalyst.

[0016] In summary, this invention designs a blade-type air distributor, a conical bed, and a central body to enhance the reactor's gradual expansion structure, increase gas residence time, and improve the uniformity of the axial reaction. Simultaneously, the introduction of staggered water vapor flow enhances fluidization while mitigating severe carbon buildup on catalyst particles, further improving catalyst utilization. Furthermore, the separate introduction of water vapor and carbon dioxide improves the conversion rate of carbon dioxide reforming. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 Overall diagram of a conical swirl fluidized bed dual reactor device; Figure 2 Schematic diagram of air distribution on the side wall of a conical bed; Figure 3 Schematic diagram of air distribution on the side wall of the central body; 1. Carbon dioxide and methane intake devices; 2. Water vapor intake devices; 3. Bed body; 4. Central body. 5. Pulse valve, 6. Pulse valve, 7. Central controller, 8. Air distribution plate, 9. Temperature sensor, 10. Temperature sensor, 11. Central body air inlet, 12. Central body air inlet, 13. Bed body air inlet, 14. Bed body air inlet. Detailed Implementation

[0018] Specific implementation method one: Combining Figure 1 This embodiment describes a conical vortex fluidized bed reforming reactor, comprising a carbon dioxide and methane inlet device 1, a steam inlet device 2, a bed body 3, and a central body 4. Carbon dioxide and methane gases enter the air distribution plate 8 at the bottom of the bed body 3 via the carbon dioxide and methane inlet device 1, where they undergo a dry reforming reaction under the action of catalyst particles. Steam enters via the steam inlet device 2 in two parts: one part flows through pulse valves 5 to gas inlets 13 and 14 on the side wall of the bed body 3, and the other part flows through pulse valves 6 to gas inlets 11 and 12 on the side wall of the central body 4. Temperature sensors 9 and 10 are installed at the lower ends of gas inlets 11 and 12 on the side wall of the central body 4 to monitor temperature changes inside the bed. Temperature sensors 9 and 10 are connected to a central controller 7 and transmit temperature signals to it. The other end of the central controller 7 is connected to pulse valves 5 and 6. When the temperature signal fluctuates drastically, the central controller 7 determines whether to activate the pulse mode of pulse valves 5 and 6. When pulse valve 5 or pulse valve 6 is activated in pulse mode, steam inlet device 2 will supply steam into the bed in the form of pulsed airflow through pulse valve 5 or pulse valve 6 to enhance the fluidization and reaction state in the reactor. When the temperature signal returns to normal, pulse valve 5 or pulse valve 6 will be closed, and steam inlet device 2 will introduce steam in a continuous supply mode.

[0019] Specific Implementation Method Two: Combining Figure 1 In this embodiment, the pulsation frequency range of pulse valve 5 and pulse valve 6 is 1Hz to 10Hz, and the frequency will be adaptively adjusted according to the signal from the central controller 7.

[0020] Specific implementation method three: Combining Figure 1 In this embodiment, the bottom air distribution plate 8 of the bed 3 is a blade-type air distribution plate. Carbon dioxide and methane gas enter the bed 3 in a swirling manner and complete swirling fluidization between the conical bed 3 and the central body 4. As the sidewall of the conical bed 3 gradually expands and the central body 4 shrinks inward, the gas velocity will decrease, thereby improving the gas-solid contact time and the uniformity of the reactor axis, thus enhancing the reaction effect.

[0021] Specific implementation method four: Combination Figure 1 In this embodiment, the cone angle of the central body 4 is 30° to 60°, and the choice of angle depends on the physical properties of the catalyst particles.

[0022] Specific Implementation Method Five: Combining Figure 2 and Figure 3 In this embodiment, gas inlets 13 and 14 are arranged circumferentially on the sidewall of the bed 3, and gas inlets 11 and 12 are arranged circumferentially on the outer side of the central body 4. Gas inlets 13 and 14 are a certain distance higher than gas inlets 11 and 12 to ensure staggered arrangement. The gas flow enters the reactor tangentially, which on the one hand provides water vapor for swirling fluidization and alleviates the problem of catalyst carbon buildup and deactivation on the wall surface; on the other hand, the reaction status in the bed is monitored in real time by temperature sensors 9 and 10. When a fluidization dead zone exists, the central controller 7 will activate pulse valves 5 and 6 to enhance fluidization and reaction. Example

[0023] Combination Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 This embodiment is described as follows: Catalyst particles are loaded into a conical swirling fluidized bed reformer. Methane and carbon dioxide enter the bed 3 via the carbon dioxide and methane inlet device 1, passing through the bladed air distributor 8 at the bottom of the bed 3. They enter the bed 3 in a swirling manner, where a rotating fluidized dry reforming reaction occurs in the gradually expanding channel between the central body 4 and the outer wall of the bed. Water vapor is introduced tangentially from the outer wall of the central body and the side wall of the bed, enhancing fluidization while mitigating catalyst deactivation due to carbon buildup. When fluidization dead zones occur, causing significant local temperature fluctuations, temperature sensors 9 and 10 located in the central body 4 transmit signals to the central controller 7. The controller determines whether to open pulse valves 5 and 6. When pulse valves 5 and 6 are opened, water vapor is introduced into the bed 3 in a pulsed gas flow, regulating the local fluidization state. Once the local fluidization reaction state improves, the temperature fluctuations stabilize and are transmitted back to the central controller 7 via temperature sensors 9 and 10. The controller then closes pulse valves 5 and 6, allowing for a continuous and stable supply of water vapor.

Claims

1. A conical swirl fluidized bed dual-stage reactor device, characterized in that, It includes a carbon dioxide and methane intake device (1), a water vapor intake device (2), a bed body (3), and a central body (4); the water vapor intake device (2) includes a pulse valve (5), a pulse valve (6), and a central controller (7); the bed body (3) includes an air distribution plate (8); the central body (4) includes a temperature sensor (9) and a temperature sensor (10). The carbon dioxide and methane intake device (1) is connected to the air distribution plate (8) at the bottom of the bed body (3) through a pipeline. The central body (4) is installed in the middle position on the air distribution plate (8). A part of the water vapor intake device (2) is connected to the side wall of the bed body (3), and a part of the water vapor is connected to the side wall of the central body (4) to introduce water vapor into the bed body (3).

2. The conical swirl fluidized bed dual-stage reactor device according to claim 1, characterized in that... The air distribution plate (8) is composed of a set of blades with an angle of 30° to 50°.

3. The conical swirl fluidized bed dual-process reactor device according to claim 1, characterized in that... The bed (3) is a conical bed with the side wall facing the vertical direction at an angle of 15° to 30°.

4. The conical swirl fluidized bed dual reactor device according to claim 1, characterized in that... The cone angle of the central body (4) is 30° to 60°. Temperature sensors (9) and (10) are arranged along the circumference in the lower and upper halves of the central body (4) to monitor the temperature at different heights and positions.

5. The conical swirl fluidized bed dual-stage reactor device according to claim 1, characterized in that... The steam intake device (2) has two air paths: one path leads to the side wall of the bed (3) through the pulse valve (5), and the other path leads to the side wall of the central body (4) through the pulse valve (6).

6. The conical swirl fluidized bed dual-stage reactor device according to claim 1, characterized in that... The air inlets (11) and (12) leading to the side wall of the central body (4) are respectively arranged above the temperature sensor (9) and the temperature sensor (10). The air inlets (13) and (14) leading to the side wall of the bed body (3) are respectively arranged at a distance higher than the air inlets (11) and (12) leading to the side wall of the central body (4).

7. The conical swirl fluidized bed dual-stage reactor device according to claim 1, characterized in that... One end of the central controller (7) is connected to the temperature sensor (9) and the temperature sensor (10), and the other end is connected to the pulse valve (5) and the pulse valve (6). When the temperature signal from the temperature sensor (9) and the temperature sensor (10) fluctuates violently, the central controller (7) determines whether to open the pulse mode of the pulse valve (5) and the pulse valve (6).

8. The conical swirl fluidized bed dual-stage reactor device according to claim 7, characterized in that... The pulse valve (5) and pulse valve (6) are equipped with a bypass. When the pulse mode is closed, the airflow will be supplied continuously through the bypass.

9. The conical swirl fluidized bed dual-process reactor device according to claim 1, characterized in that... The pulse frequency range of pulse valve (5) and pulse valve (6) is 1Hz to 10Hz.

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