A ground subsidence early warning method based on air-ground collaboration

Abstract

The present invention discloses a ground subsidence early warning method based on air-ground-space collaboration, which belongs to the field of ground subsidence measurement technology, and includes: step S1, ground measurement: a plurality of poles are arranged on the ground, the poles are arranged vertically, a height sensor is arranged at the upper end of the pole, and the area formed by connecting the plurality of height sensors at the edge constitutes a monitoring area, and the first subsidence area and the subsidence distance are determined by monitoring the change of the measured value of the height sensor; wherein, the first subsidence area takes the height sensor that has changed as the center of the circle, and the radius of the first subsidence area is proportional to the subsidence distance; step S2, space-based measurement: the subsidence area is monitored in real time by satellite remote sensing technology, and the second subsidence area and the subsidence rate are obtained by analyzing the ground subsidence data obtained by the satellite; step S3, drone measurement and early warning: if the second subsidence area is located at the edge of the monitoring area. The invention has the advantages of high adaptability to complex areas and more accuracy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of ground subsidence measurement, and in particular relates to a ground subsidence early warning method based on air-ground-ground collaboration. Background Art

[0002] The ground subsidence early warning system is a mechanism for monitoring and predicting ground subsidence phenomena, aiming to detect and warn of possible ground subsidence risks in advance. The system usually includes a ground subsidence monitoring network, a data processing center, and an early warning release platform. The monitoring network consists of a series of ground subsidence monitoring points, which use high-precision instruments such as GPS, levels, inclinometers, etc. to collect ground displacement data in real time or regularly. The data processing center is responsible for collecting and analyzing these data, and combining geological, hydrological and other information to evaluate the trend and rate of ground subsidence. The early warning release platform releases different levels of early warning information based on the analysis results, so that corresponding preventive measures can be taken to reduce the damage that may be caused by ground subsidence. However, the above-mentioned methods have low adaptability to complex areas and are not accurate. Therefore, a ground subsidence early warning method based on air-ground collaboration is urgently needed. Summary of the invention

[0003] In response to the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a ground subsidence early warning method based on air-ground-ground collaboration, which has the advantages of high adaptability to complex areas and greater accuracy, solving the problems of low adaptability to complex areas and inaccuracy of the prior art.

[0004] The present invention is implemented as follows: a ground subsidence early warning method based on air-ground-space collaboration comprises the following steps:

[0005] Step S1, ground measurement: a plurality of support poles are arranged on the ground, the support poles are arranged vertically, a height sensor is arranged on the upper end of the support pole, and an area formed by connecting the plurality of height sensors at the edge constitutes a monitoring area, and a first settlement area and a settlement distance are determined by monitoring the change of the measured value of the height sensor; wherein the first settlement area takes the height sensor that has changed as the center of the circle, and the radius of the first settlement area is proportional to the settlement distance;

[0006] Step S2, space-based measurement: real-time monitoring of the subsidence area is performed by satellite remote sensing technology, and the second subsidence area and subsidence rate are obtained by analyzing the ground subsidence data acquired by the satellite;

[0007] Step S3, drone measurement and early warning: if the second subsidence area is located at the edge of the monitoring area, the second subsidence area is further measured and corrected by a drone, and an early warning signal is sent to the monitoring center.

[0008] As preferred embodiment of the present invention, step S1 includes the following sub-steps:

[0009] Sub-step S11, pole installation: installing a plurality of poles at selected positions on the ground so that the poles are perpendicular to the ground;

[0010] Sub-step S12, sensor deployment: installing a height sensor at the upper end of each support pole, the height sensor being able to monitor and record the height change of its position in real time;

[0011] Sub-step S13, data aggregation and analysis: aggregation of measurement data from all height sensors, and analysis of the data to identify areas of height change, thereby determining a first settlement area;

[0012] Sub-step S14, settlement distance calculation: according to the measurement value change of the height sensor, the settlement distance, that is, the specific value of the ground drop, is calculated;

[0013] Sub-step S15, determining the radius of the settlement area: taking the height sensor where the height drop occurs as the center of the circle, determining the radius of the first settlement area according to the settlement distance, and the radius is proportional to the settlement distance.

[0014] As preferred embodiment of the present invention, step S2 includes the following sub-steps:

[0015] Sub-step S21, real-time monitoring of the first subsidence area: using satellite remote sensing technology to monitor the first subsidence area in real time;

[0016] Sub-step S22, collecting ground subsidence data: collecting ground subsidence data obtained by satellite remote sensing technology, which includes the scope of the subsidence area and the subsidence rate;

[0017] Sub-step S23, analyzing satellite remote sensing data: analyzing the satellite remote sensing data to obtain the contour position and the sedimentation rate of the second sedimentation area.

[0018] As preferred embodiment of the present invention, step S3 includes the following sub-steps:

[0019] Sub-step S31, determining whether the second subsidence area crosses the monitoring edge: determining whether the contour line of the second subsidence area intersects the edge of the monitoring area;

[0020] Sub-step S32, enlarging and measuring the settlement area outside the monitoring area: if the second settlement area intersects with the edge of the monitoring area, enlarging the contour line of the second settlement area outside the monitoring area by a preset multiple to obtain an enlarged contour line, deploying a drone to measure along the enlarged contour line, and measuring the area inside the enlarged contour line layer by layer;

[0021] Sub-step S33, comparative analysis of drone and satellite data: comparative analysis of the drone measured data with previously collected data, thereby supplementing the settlement information outside the monitoring area;

[0022] Sub-step S34, confirming the final settlement area: according to the analysis results, confirm the final settlement area and settlement distance, and send an early warning signal to the monitoring center.

[0023] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the following steps are also included: Step S4: burying vertical and / or horizontal flexible strips at a preset depth below the ground, and monitoring the deformation and settlement of the soil layer below the ground by monitoring the bending shape of the flexible strips.

[0024] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, step S5: after confirming the first subsidence area, combining satellite remote sensing data and drone measurement results, multi-source data fusion analysis is performed to improve the accuracy of early warning. By analyzing factors such as the morphology of the subsidence area, the change trend of the subsidence rate, and geological conditions, the potential risk level of subsidence is further determined.

[0025] Step S6: According to the potential risk level of the early warning, a differentiated early warning response strategy is formulated. For high-risk areas, the emergency response mechanism is immediately activated; for medium and low-risk areas, the monitoring frequency is strengthened and the settlement changes are closely monitored so as to adjust the early warning response strategy in a timely manner.

[0026] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the support rod comprises: a base, a through hole is provided in the middle of the base, two symmetrically arranged arc holes are provided on the outside of the through hole, and arc plates are slidably connected in the arc holes, and the lower ends of the arc plates are provided with semicircular grooves, and the outer surfaces of the two semicircular grooves are provided with external threads, and the external threads are connected with a screw sleeve, and the lower end of the screw sleeve is fixedly connected with a pointed cone, and the screw sleeve is fixedly connected with a connecting rod inside, and a plug ring is fixedly connected to the connecting rod, and a plug rod is inserted in the plug ring, and the plug rod is located in a non-axial position of the screw sleeve, and the plug rod can be detached from the plug ring, and an arc rod is provided at the upper end of the plug rod, and a handle is fixedly connected to the arc rod; an elastic extrusion piece is provided on the lower side of the connecting rod, and when the plug rod is detached from the plug ring, the elastic extrusion piece is pressed tightly against the lower side of the connecting rod; a plug hole is provided on the lower side of the arc piece, and a mounting hole for mounting a height sensor is fixedly connected to the upper end of the arc piece.

[0027] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the elastic extrusion member includes a spring and a pressing plate, the spring is fixedly connected to the lower side of the connecting rod, and the pressing plate is fixedly connected to the lower side of the spring.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0029] First, through the ground measurement step (S1), height sensors are set on the ground, and these sensors are used to monitor the ground in real time. When the sensor detects a change in the ground height, the system can quickly identify the subsidence area and its subsidence distance. This direct ground measurement method can accurately capture the slight changes in the ground and is the cornerstone of the early warning system. Secondly, the space-based measurement step (S2) uses satellite remote sensing technology to conduct large-scale, high-precision real-time monitoring of ground subsidence. Satellites can cover a wider area, and the data they obtain is highly accurate and continuous. By analyzing these data, the system can calculate the second subsidence area and subsidence rate, providing more comprehensive information support for early warning. Finally, the drone measurement and early warning step (S3) uses drones to perform further measurement corrections when the second subsidence area is found to be at the edge of the monitoring area, and sends an early warning signal to the monitoring center. Drones are flexible and fast, and can quickly arrive at the site for accurate measurement, and the sensors they carry can obtain more detailed ground information. This air-ground-ground collaborative method not only improves the accuracy and timeliness of early warnings, but also enhances the system's response capabilities. To summarize the beneficial effects of the above, they include high practicality for complex areas and greater accuracy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 It is a flowchart of a ground subsidence early warning method based on air-ground-space collaboration provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 is a flowchart of ground measurement provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 is a flowchart of a space-based measurement provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 4 It is a flowchart of drone measurement and early warning provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the monitoring area of ​​the ground subsidence early warning method based on air-ground-space collaboration provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of a first subsidence area of ​​a ground subsidence early warning method based on air-ground-space collaboration provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of a second subsidence area of ​​the ground subsidence early warning method based on air-ground-space collaboration provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of an enlarged contour line of a ground subsidence early warning method based on air-ground-space collaboration provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the final subsidence area of ​​the ground subsidence early warning method based on air-ground-space collaboration provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Fig.10 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a support rod provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Fig.11 The embodiment of the present invention provides Fig.10 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of part A;

[0041] Fig.12 is a schematic diagram of a top view of a support rod provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Fig.13 The embodiment of the present invention provides Fig.12 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the middle BB part;

[0043] Fig.14 The embodiment of the present invention provides Fig.13 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of the middle C part;

[0044] Fig.15 The embodiment of the present invention provides Fig.13 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of the D part;

[0045] Fig.16 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a support rod provided by an embodiment of the present invention with the pointed cone omitted;

[0046] Fig.17 The embodiment of the present invention provides Fig.16 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of part E in the middle.

[0047] In the figure: 1, base; 2, through hole; 3, arc hole; 4, arc sheet; 5, semicircular groove; 6, external thread; 7, screw sleeve; 8, pointed cone; 9, connecting rod; 10, plug ring; 11, plug rod; 12, arc rod; 13, elastic extrusion piece; 131, spring; 132, pressing sheet; 14, jack; 15, mounting hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] In order to further understand the content, features and effects of the present invention, the following embodiments are given as examples and described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0049] The structure of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0050] like Figures 1 to 17 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a ground subsidence early warning method based on air-ground collaboration, comprising the following steps:

[0051] Step S1, ground measurement: a plurality of support poles are arranged on the ground, the support poles are arranged vertically, and height sensors are arranged on the upper ends of the support poles. The area formed by connecting the plurality of height sensors at the edge constitutes a monitoring area, and the first settlement area and the settlement distance are determined by monitoring the change in the measurement value of the height sensor; wherein, the first settlement area takes the height sensor with the change as the center, and the radius of the first settlement area is proportional to the settlement distance; if the height of some height sensors decreases, while the height of other height sensors does not decrease, then both the settlement area and the settlement distance can be determined.

[0052] Step S2, space-based measurement: real-time monitoring of the subsidence area is performed by satellite remote sensing technology, and the second subsidence area and subsidence rate are obtained by analyzing the ground subsidence data acquired by the satellite;

[0053] Step S3, drone measurement and early warning: if the second subsidence area is located at the edge of the monitoring area, the second subsidence area is further measured and corrected by a drone, and an early warning signal is sent to the monitoring center.

[0054] Through the above settings, its working principle and beneficial effects are as follows:

[0055] First, the method sets up height sensors on the ground through a ground measurement step (S1), and uses these sensors to monitor the ground in real time. When the sensor detects a change in the ground height, the system can quickly identify the subsidence area and its subsidence distance. This direct ground measurement method can accurately capture small changes in the ground and is the cornerstone of the early warning system.

[0056] Secondly, the space-based measurement step (S2) uses satellite remote sensing technology to conduct large-scale, high-precision real-time monitoring of ground subsidence. Satellites can cover a wider area, and the data they obtain are highly accurate and continuous. By analyzing these data, the system can calculate the secondary subsidence area and subsidence rate, providing more comprehensive information support for early warning. For example, after natural disasters such as earthquakes and floods, satellite remote sensing technology can quickly assess the ground subsidence in the affected areas, providing important reference for rescue and reconstruction work.

[0057] Finally, in the UAV measurement and early warning step (S3), when the second subsidence area is found to be at the edge of the monitoring area, the UAV is used for further measurement correction and an early warning signal is sent to the monitoring center. UAVs are flexible and fast, and can quickly reach the site for precise measurement. The sensors they carry can also obtain more detailed ground information. This air-ground-ground collaborative approach not only improves the accuracy and timeliness of early warnings, but also enhances the system's response capabilities. For example, when signs of ground subsidence are found in a certain area, the UAV can quickly go to the site for confirmation and measurement, and transmit the early warning information to the monitoring center in real time so that relevant departments can take timely response measures.

[0058] Specifically, step S1 includes the following sub-steps:

[0059] Sub-step S11, pole installation: installing a plurality of poles at selected positions on the ground so that the poles are perpendicular to the ground;

[0060] Sub-step S12, sensor deployment: installing a height sensor at the upper end of each support pole, the height sensor being able to monitor and record the height change of its position in real time;

[0061] Sub-step S13, data aggregation and analysis: aggregation of measurement data from all height sensors, and analysis of the data to identify areas of height change, thereby determining a first settlement area;

[0062] Sub-step S14, settlement distance calculation: according to the measurement value change of the height sensor, the settlement distance, that is, the specific value of the ground drop, is calculated;

[0063] Sub-step S15, determining the radius of the settlement area: taking the height sensor where the height drop occurs as the center of the circle, determining the radius of the first settlement area according to the settlement distance, and the radius is proportional to the settlement distance.

[0064] Specifically, step S2 includes the following sub-steps:

[0065] Sub-step S21, real-time monitoring of the first subsidence area: using satellite remote sensing technology to monitor the first subsidence area in real time;

[0066] Sub-step S22, collecting ground subsidence data: collecting ground subsidence data obtained by satellite remote sensing technology, which includes the scope of the subsidence area and the subsidence rate;

[0067] Sub-step S23, analyzing satellite remote sensing data: analyzing the satellite remote sensing data to obtain the contour position and the sedimentation rate of the second sedimentation area.

[0068] Specifically, step S3 includes the following sub-steps:

[0069] Sub-step S31, determining whether the second subsidence area crosses the monitoring edge: determining whether the contour line of the second subsidence area intersects the edge of the monitoring area;

[0070] Sub-step S32, enlarging and measuring the settlement area outside the monitoring area: if the second settlement area intersects with the edge of the monitoring area, enlarging the contour line of the second settlement area outside the monitoring area by a preset multiple to obtain an enlarged contour line, deploying a drone to measure along the enlarged contour line, and measuring the area inside the enlarged contour line layer by layer;

[0071] Sub-step S33, comparative analysis of drone and satellite data: comparative analysis of the drone measured data with previously collected data, thereby supplementing the settlement information outside the monitoring area;

[0072] Sub-step S34, confirming the final settlement area: according to the analysis results, confirm the final settlement area and settlement distance, and send an early warning signal to the monitoring center.

[0073] Furthermore, the method further comprises the following steps:

[0074] Step S4: burying vertical and / or horizontal flexible strips at a preset depth below the ground, and monitoring the deformation and settlement of the soil layer below the ground by monitoring the bending shape of the flexible strips.

[0075] This additional step can provide direct monitoring of the deformation of the underground soil layer, supplementing the inadequacy of monitoring only through ground height sensors and satellite remote sensing technology. Since ground subsidence is often accompanied by the movement and deformation of the underground soil layer, the flexible strips can sense these changes, thus providing more comprehensive and in-depth data for the settlement early warning system. This monitoring method helps to detect potential ground subsidence risks in advance, especially in areas where surface changes are not obvious but underground deformation has already occurred.

[0076] In addition, the accuracy and reliability of the early warning system can be improved by monitoring the deformation and settlement of the soil layer below the ground through the flexible strips. The bending shape change of the flexible strips can provide more accurate measurements of the settlement rate and settlement pattern, which helps to distinguish different types of ground settlement, such as uniform settlement and non-uniform settlement. This information is crucial for formulating corresponding preventive measures and response strategies, which can effectively reduce the potential harm of ground settlement to infrastructure and the surrounding environment. Therefore, adding this monitoring step can not only enhance the function of the early warning system, but also provide more scientific and effective decision-making support for the management and control of ground settlement.

[0077] Further, step S5: after confirming the first subsidence area, combine the satellite remote sensing data and the drone measurement results to perform multi-source data fusion analysis to improve the accuracy of the early warning. By analyzing the morphology of the subsidence area, the trend of the subsidence rate, and the geological conditions, the potential risk level of the subsidence is further determined.

[0078] Step S6: According to the potential risk level of the early warning, a differentiated early warning response strategy is formulated. For high-risk areas, the emergency response mechanism is immediately activated; for medium and low-risk areas, the monitoring frequency is strengthened and the settlement changes are closely monitored so as to adjust the early warning response strategy in a timely manner.

[0079] Specifically, the support rod comprises:

[0080] A base 1, wherein a through hole 2 is provided in the middle of the base 1, and two symmetrically arranged arc holes 3 are provided outside the through hole 2, wherein an arc sheet 4 is slidably connected in each of the arc holes 3, and a semicircular groove 5 is provided at the lower end of each of the arc sheets 4, and an external thread 6 is provided on the outer surface of the two semicircular grooves 5, and a screw sleeve 7 is connected to the external thread 6, and a pointed cone 8 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the screw sleeve 7, and a connecting rod 9 is fixedly connected inside the screw sleeve 7, and an insert ring 10 is fixedly connected to the connecting rod 9, and an insert rod 11 is inserted in the insert ring 10, and the insert rod 11 is located at a non-axial position of the screw sleeve 7, and the insert rod 11 can be detached from the insert ring 10, and an arc rod 12 is provided at the upper end of the insert rod 11, and a handle is fixedly connected to the arc rod 12;

[0081] An elastic extrusion member 13 is provided on the lower side of the connecting rod 9. When the insertion rod 11 is separated from the insertion ring 10, the elastic extrusion member 13 is pressed against the lower side of the connecting rod 9.

[0082] A plug hole 14 is provided at the lower side of the arc-shaped piece 4 , and a mounting hole 15 for mounting a height sensor is fixedly connected to the upper end of the arc-shaped piece 4 .

[0083] When in use, the lower end of the flexible strip is connected to the connecting rod 9, and then the base 1 is horizontally installed at the monitoring point, and then the arc piece 4, the screw sleeve 7 and the pointed cone 8 are inserted into the ground. After reaching the preset position, the insertion rod 11 is rotated to rotate the screw sleeve 7 and the pointed cone 8 and detach from the arc piece 4, and then the insertion rod 11 is pulled out. The elastic extrusion member 13 automatically presses the lower end of the flexible strip to prevent the flexible strip from being pulled out when the insertion rod 11 is pulled out, and then the arc piece 4 is pulled upward to make the soil wrap the flexible strip, and the burial of the flexible strip is completed. At the same time, most of the arc piece 4 is pulled to the upper side of the base 1 and inserted into the socket 14 through the external plug block, so that the arc piece 4 and the base 1 can be connected, which can be used as a support rod for installing the height sensor.

[0084] Specifically, the elastic extrusion member 13 includes a spring 131 and a pressing plate 132 . The spring 131 is fixedly connected to the lower side of the connecting rod 9 , and the pressing plate 132 is fixedly connected to the lower side of the spring 131 .

[0085] Working principle of the present invention:

[0086] Ground measurement steps: Set up height sensors on the ground to monitor ground height changes in real time, quickly identify settlement areas and their settlement distances, and accurately capture minute changes in the ground.

[0087] Space-based measurement steps: Use satellite remote sensing technology to conduct large-scale, high-precision real-time monitoring of ground subsidence, analyze data to calculate the secondary subsidence area and subsidence rate, and provide comprehensive information support for early warning.

[0088] Drone measurement and early warning steps: When the second subsidence area is located at the edge of the monitoring area, use a drone to make measurement corrections and send an early warning signal to the monitoring center. The drone quickly arrives at the scene to perform precise measurements and obtain detailed ground information, thereby improving the accuracy and timeliness of early warnings and enhancing the system's response capabilities.

[0089] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0090] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A ground subsidence early warning method based on air-ground collaboration, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step S1, ground measurement: a plurality of support poles are arranged on the ground, the support poles are arranged vertically, a height sensor is arranged on the upper end of the support pole, and an area formed by connecting the plurality of height sensors at the edge constitutes a monitoring area, and a first settlement area and a settlement distance are determined by monitoring the change of the measured value of the height sensor; wherein the first settlement area takes the height sensor that has changed as the center of the circle, and the radius of the first settlement area is proportional to the settlement distance; Step S2, space-based measurement: real-time monitoring of the subsidence area is performed by satellite remote sensing technology, and the second subsidence area and subsidence rate are obtained by analyzing the ground subsidence data acquired by the satellite; Step S3, drone measurement and warning: if the second subsidence area is located at the edge of the monitoring area, the second subsidence area is further measured and corrected by a drone, and a warning signal is sent to the monitoring center; Step S3 includes the following sub-steps: Sub-step S31, determining whether the second subsidence area crosses the monitoring edge: determining whether the contour line of the second subsidence area intersects the edge of the monitoring area; Sub-step S32, enlarging and measuring the settlement area outside the monitoring area: if the second settlement area intersects with the edge of the monitoring area, enlarging the contour line of the second settlement area outside the monitoring area by a preset multiple to obtain an enlarged contour line, deploying a drone to measure along the enlarged contour line, and measuring the area inside the enlarged contour line layer by layer; Sub-step S33, comparative analysis of drone and satellite data: comparative analysis of the drone measured data with previously collected data, thereby supplementing the settlement information outside the monitoring area; Sub-step S34, confirming the final settlement area: according to the analysis results, confirm the final settlement area and settlement distance, and send an early warning signal to the monitoring center.

2. A ground subsidence early warning method based on air-ground collaboration as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: Step S1 includes the following sub-steps: Sub-step S11, pole installation: installing a plurality of poles at selected positions on the ground so that the poles are perpendicular to the ground; Sub-step S12, sensor deployment: installing a height sensor at the upper end of each support pole, the height sensor being able to monitor and record the height change of its position in real time; Sub-step S13, data aggregation and analysis: aggregation of measurement data from all height sensors, and analysis of the data to identify areas of height change, thereby determining a first settlement area; Sub-step S14, settlement distance calculation: according to the measurement value change of the height sensor, the settlement distance, that is, the specific value of the ground drop, is calculated; Sub-step S15, determining the radius of the settlement area: taking the height sensor where the height drop occurs as the center of the circle, determining the radius of the first settlement area according to the settlement distance, and the radius is proportional to the settlement distance.

3. The ground subsidence early warning method based on air-ground collaboration as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: Step S2 includes the following sub-steps: Sub-step S21, real-time monitoring of the first subsidence area: using satellite remote sensing technology to monitor the first subsidence area in real time; Sub-step S22, collecting ground subsidence data: collecting ground subsidence data obtained by satellite remote sensing technology, which includes the scope of the subsidence area and the subsidence rate; Sub-step S23, analyzing satellite remote sensing data: analyzing the satellite remote sensing data to obtain the contour position and the sedimentation rate of the second sedimentation area.

4. The ground subsidence early warning method based on air-ground collaboration as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are also included: Step S4: burying vertical and / or horizontal flexible strips at a preset depth below the ground, and monitoring the deformation and settlement of the soil layer below the ground by monitoring the bending shape of the flexible strips.

5. The ground subsidence early warning method based on air-ground collaboration as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: Step S5: After confirming the first subsidence area, combine the satellite remote sensing data and the UAV measurement results to perform multi-source data fusion analysis to improve the accuracy of the early warning; Step S6: According to the potential risk level of the warning, a differentiated warning response strategy is formulated. For high-risk areas, the emergency response mechanism is immediately activated; for medium- and low-risk areas, the monitoring frequency is strengthened.

6. A ground subsidence early warning method based on air-ground collaboration as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The support rod comprises: A base (1), wherein a through hole (2) is provided in the middle of the base (1), and two symmetrically arranged arc holes (3) are provided outside the through hole (2), and an arc sheet (4) is slidably connected in each of the arc holes (3), and a semicircular groove (5) is provided at the lower end of each of the arc sheets (4), and an external thread (6) is provided on the outer surface of the two semicircular grooves (5), and a screw sleeve (7) is connected to the external thread (6), and a pointed cone (8) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the screw sleeve (7), and a connecting rod (9) is fixedly connected inside the screw sleeve (7), and an insert ring (10) is fixedly connected to the connecting rod (9), and an insert rod (11) is inserted into the insert ring (10), and the insert rod (11) is located at a non-axial position of the screw sleeve (7), and the insert rod (11) can be detached from the insert ring (10), and an arc rod (12) is provided at the upper end of the insert rod (11), and a handle is fixedly connected to the arc rod (12); An elastic extrusion piece (13) is provided on the lower side of the connecting rod (9), and when the insertion rod (11) is separated from the insertion ring (10), the elastic extrusion piece (13) is pressed against the lower side of the connecting rod (9); The lower side of the arc-shaped piece (4) is provided with an insertion hole (14), and the upper end of the arc-shaped piece (4) is fixedly connected with a mounting hole (15) for mounting a height sensor.

7. A ground subsidence early warning method based on air-ground collaboration as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: The elastic extrusion member (13) comprises a spring (131) and a pressing plate (132); the spring (131) is fixedly connected to the lower side of the connecting rod (9); and the pressing plate (132) is fixedly connected to the lower side of the spring (131).

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