Method, device and equipment for monitoring nitrogen leaching in farmland

Abstract

The embodiments of the present application provide a method, device and equipment for monitoring nitrogen leaching in farmland, which can divide the farmland into multiple farmland blocks; grade the nitrogen leaching potential of the farmland blocks according to the soil information, crop type information and fertilizer input information of the farmland blocks to obtain the nitrogen leaching potential level of each farmland block; cluster the farmland blocks according to the nitrogen leaching potential level of each farmland block to obtain monitoring areas; allocate a corresponding number of nitrogen leaching monitoring equipment to each monitoring area group according to the regional attribute information of the monitoring area, and determine the equipment deployment location of the monitoring area according to the number of nitrogen leaching monitoring equipment allocated to the monitoring area; obtain nitrogen leaching monitoring data from the nitrogen leaching monitoring equipment deployed in each monitoring area, and calculate the nitrogen leaching intensity information of the farmland according to the nitrogen leaching monitoring data; this scheme can improve the accuracy of nitrogen leaching monitoring in farmland.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of pollution monitoring in smart agriculture, and in particular to a method, device and equipment for monitoring nitrogen leaching in farmland. Background Art

[0002] Nitrogen is an essential nutrient for plant growth and has an important impact on the growth and development of crops. Therefore, in agricultural production, farmers use fertilizers to supplement the missing nitrogen in the soil to increase the yield and quality of crops. However, the nitrogen component in fertilizers is often not fully absorbed and utilized by plants. Part of the nitrogen will enter the groundwater through the flushing of rainwater and irrigation water, the flow and leakage of groundwater, etc., resulting in excessive nitrogen content in groundwater, causing environmental and health problems.

[0003] Solving the problem of nitrogen leaching pollution has become one of the important tasks in current environmental protection and agricultural production. Establishing an intelligent farmland nitrogen underground leaching monitoring system can timely detect and deal with excessive nitrogen, help farmers apply fertilizers scientifically, reduce nitrogen loss and pollution, and protect the sustainable development of groundwater resources and ecological environment.

[0004] At present, the traditional method of monitoring nitrogen leaching solution is to monitor nitrogen leaching flux by burying leaching trays or leaching barrels at a certain depth in the soil. However, the traditional method does not take various factors of farmland into consideration, and the monitoring results are inaccurate and cannot accurately reflect the intensity of nitrogen leaching in a piece of farmland. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present application provides a method, device and equipment for monitoring nitrogen leaching in farmland, aiming to improve the accuracy of monitoring nitrogen leaching in farmland.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present application provides a method for monitoring nitrogen leaching in farmland, the method comprising:

[0007] Divide farmland into multiple farm plots;

[0008] Obtaining soil information, crop type information and fertilizer input information of the farmland block;

[0009] According to the soil information, crop type information and fertilizer input information of the farmland block, the nitrogen leaching potential of the farmland block is graded to obtain the nitrogen leaching potential grade of each farmland block, and the nitrogen leaching potential grade represents the potential influence of the farmland area on the nitrogen leaching of the farmland;

[0010] Clustering the farmland blocks according to the nitrogen leaching potential level of each farmland block to obtain a monitoring area, wherein the monitoring area includes at least one farmland block with the same nitrogen leaching potential level;

[0011] Allocate a corresponding number of nitrogen leaching monitoring devices to each monitoring area according to the regional attribute information of the monitoring area, and determine the equipment deployment position of the monitoring area according to the number of nitrogen leaching monitoring devices allocated to the monitoring area;

[0012] Nitrogen leaching monitoring data is obtained from nitrogen leaching monitoring equipment deployed in each monitoring area, and the nitrogen leaching intensity information of the farmland is calculated based on the nitrogen leaching monitoring data.

[0013] In addition, to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application also provides a farmland nitrogen leaching monitoring device, wherein the soil environment change trend analysis device includes a memory and a processor;

[0014] The memory is used to store computer programs;

[0015] The processor is used to execute the computer program and implement the steps of the above-mentioned farmland nitrogen leaching monitoring method when executing the computer program.

[0016] In addition, to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application also provides a computer device, which includes the farmland nitrogen leaching monitoring device as described above.

[0017] In addition, to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium, which stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of the above-mentioned farmland nitrogen leaching monitoring method.

[0018] The present application discloses a method, device and equipment for monitoring nitrogen leaching in farmland, which can divide the farmland into multiple farmland blocks; obtain soil information, crop type information and fertilizer input information of the farmland blocks; grade the nitrogen leaching potential of the farmland blocks according to the soil information, crop type information and fertilizer input information of the farmland blocks, and obtain the nitrogen leaching potential grade of each farmland block, and the nitrogen leaching potential grade represents the potential influence of the farmland area on the nitrogen leaching of the farmland; cluster the farmland blocks according to the nitrogen leaching potential grade of each farmland block to obtain a monitoring area, and the monitoring area includes at least one farmland block with the same nitrogen leaching potential grade; and classify the farmland blocks according to the regional attribute information of the monitoring area. A corresponding number of nitrogen leaching monitoring devices are allocated to each monitoring area, and the equipment deployment position of the monitoring area is determined according to the number of nitrogen leaching monitoring devices allocated to the monitoring area; nitrogen leaching monitoring data is obtained from the nitrogen leaching monitoring devices deployed in each monitoring area, and the nitrogen leaching intensity information of the farmland is calculated according to the nitrogen leaching monitoring data; this scheme can accurately determine the nitrogen leaching potential level of the farmland block based on nitrogen leaching influencing factors such as soil and fertilization, divide the farmland blocks of the same level into monitoring areas, allocate a reasonable number of nitrogen leaching monitoring devices in the monitoring areas, so that a reasonable number of nitrogen leaching monitoring devices are set up in each level of monitoring area for monitoring, thereby improving the accuracy of nitrogen leaching monitoring of the entire farmland. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a scenario of a method for monitoring nitrogen leaching in farmland provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic flow chart of the steps of a method for monitoring nitrogen leaching in farmland provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0022] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of a farmland nitrogen leaching monitoring device provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0024] The flowcharts shown in the accompanying drawings are only examples and do not necessarily include all the contents and operations / steps, nor must they be executed in the order described. For example, some operations / steps may also be decomposed, combined or partially merged, so the actual execution order may change according to actual conditions.

[0025] It should be understood that the terms used in this application specification are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the application. As used in this application specification and the appended claims, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include plural forms.

[0026] It should also be understood that the term “and / or” used in the specification and appended claims refers to any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items, and includes these combinations.

[0027] Soil is an important foundation for human survival and social development. The quality of soil environment is related to the quality and safety of agricultural products. Therefore, it is particularly important to analyze the quality of soil environment. At present, the current status of soil environment quality is usually evaluated, such as the evaluation of heavy metal pollution in the soil. However, it is impossible to analyze the trend of soil environment changes.

[0028] In order to solve the above problems, the embodiments of the present application provide a method, device and equipment for monitoring nitrogen leaching in farmland, which are used to realize nitrogen leaching monitoring in farmland.

[0029] See also Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a scene diagram of a farmland nitrogen leaching monitoring system provided in an embodiment of the present application. The farmland nitrogen leaching monitoring system is applied to farmland nitrogen leaching intensity monitoring of farmland, and is particularly suitable for nitrogen leaching intensity monitoring of large-scale or large-scale farmland, for example, nitrogen leaching intensity monitoring of farmland of tens of thousands of acres.

[0030] The farmland nitrogen leaching monitoring system includes a monitoring and processing device 10 and a plurality of nitrogen leaching monitoring devices 20, wherein the monitoring and processing device 10 is connected to the nitrogen leaching monitoring device 20 via a network. To facilitate monitoring of nitrogen leaching intensity, in one embodiment, the nitrogen leaching monitoring device 20 may be a probe-type portable nitrogen leaching monitoring device, which may realize multi-point online monitoring through networking.

[0031] In the embodiment of the present application, the nitrogen leaching monitoring equipment 20 can be distributed and deployed in the monitoring areas 30 divided by the farmland, and each monitoring area 30 is correspondingly deployed with a corresponding number of nitrogen leaching monitoring equipment 20. In order to improve the accuracy of the monitoring of nitrogen leaching intensity in farmland, the embodiment of the present application can collect soil information, fertilizer input information and other information in the monitoring area, calculate the nitrogen leaching potential level of the monitoring area based on this information, and then allocate and deploy a reasonable number of nitrogen leaching monitoring equipment 20 according to the level, and scientifically and reasonably deploy the monitoring equipment with a limited number of nitrogen leaching monitoring equipment 20 to improve the accuracy of the monitoring of nitrogen leaching intensity in farmland.

[0032] The process of deploying and distributing the nitrogen leaching monitoring device 20 can be implemented by the monitoring and processing device 10. Specifically, the farmland 100 is divided into a plurality of farmland blocks 31 (such as Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the farmland is divided into 8 farmland blocks); soil information, crop type information and fertilizer input information of the farmland block 31 are obtained; according to the soil information, crop type information and fertilizer input information of the farmland block 31, the nitrogen leaching potential of the farmland block 31 is graded to obtain the nitrogen leaching potential grade of each farmland block 31, and the nitrogen leaching potential grade characterizes the potential influence of the farmland area on the nitrogen leaching of the farmland; the farmland blocks are clustered according to the nitrogen leaching potential grade of each farmland block to obtain a monitoring area 30, and the monitoring area 30 includes at least one farmland block 31 with the same nitrogen leaching potential grade (such as Figure 1 As shown, each monitoring area 30 includes 4 farmland blocks 31); a corresponding number of nitrogen leaching monitoring equipment 20 is allocated to each monitoring area according to the regional attribute information of the monitoring area 30, and the equipment deployment position of the monitoring area 30 is determined according to the number of nitrogen leaching monitoring equipment allocated to the monitoring area.

[0033] After obtaining the number of devices and deployment locations in each monitoring area 30, the management personnel or technical personnel can deploy the monitoring devices 20 at the designated deployment locations in each area to realize device networking. Afterwards, the monitoring and processing equipment can obtain nitrogen leaching monitoring data from the nitrogen leaching monitoring equipment deployed in each monitoring area, and calculate the nitrogen leaching intensity information of the farmland 100 according to the nitrogen leaching monitoring data.

[0034] For example, Figure 1As shown, the monitoring equipment 20 in each monitoring area reports the nitrogen leaching monitoring data to the monitoring and processing equipment. The monitoring and processing equipment 10 calculates the nitrogen leaching intensity information of the entire farmland according to the monitoring data reported by the monitoring equipment in each monitoring area and according to a predetermined algorithm.

[0035] Figure 2 This is a flow chart of a method for monitoring nitrogen leaching in farmland provided in one embodiment of the present application. The method can be applied to a device for monitoring nitrogen leaching in farmland, or to a computer device including the device for monitoring nitrogen leaching in farmland, wherein the computer device includes but is not limited to various types of devices such as tablet computers, desktop computers, and personal digital assistants, and the application scenario of the method is not limited in the present application.

[0036] like Figure 2 As shown, the farmland nitrogen leaching monitoring method specifically includes:

[0037] S201. Divide the farmland into multiple farmland blocks.

[0038] The farmland in the embodiment of the present application may be farmland of different sizes, for example, it may be a large-scale farmland of tens of thousands of acres.

[0039] The embodiments of the present application can divide the farmland into blocks in a variety of ways. In one embodiment, in order to improve the rationality of the farmland block division and thus improve the accuracy of farmland nitrogen leaching monitoring of the entire farmland, the crop planting type of the planting area in the farmland and the irrigation mode information corresponding to the crop planting type can be obtained; the farmland is divided into multiple farmland blocks according to the crop planting type and the irrigation mode information, wherein the farmland block includes at least one planting area.

[0040] The planting area of ​​the farmland is an area where crops are planted. For example, if a certain farmland area is planted with corn, then this area can be used as a corn planting area. In practical applications, the planting area can also be called an orchard, a plantation, and the like.

[0041] Among them, crop planting types include the types of crops planted, including cereal crops, fruits, medicinal materials, etc., for example, corn, soybeans, mangoes, apples, yams, etc.

[0042] Among them, the irrigation mode information includes the irrigation mode, irrigation frequency, irrigation amount and other information of crops. The irrigation mode includes conventional flood irrigation and water-saving irrigation mode, pouring irrigation and drip irrigation mode, etc. For example, the field corn planting area is divided into conventional flood irrigation and water-saving irrigation mode, and the orchard is divided into pouring irrigation and drip irrigation mode, etc.

[0043] In one embodiment, in order to improve the monitoring accuracy of the farmland blocks, the step of "dividing the farmland into a plurality of farmland blocks according to the crop planting type and the irrigation mode information" may include:

[0044] The planting areas with the same crop planting type and adjacent distances less than a preset threshold are divided into a planting area set;

[0045] The planting areas with the same irrigation mode in the planting area concentration are divided into farmland blocks to obtain multiple farmland blocks.

[0046] The planting area set is composed of at least one planting area of ​​the same planting type and adjacent to each other. For example, corn planting areas with a short adjacent distance are divided into a corn planting area set.

[0047] For example, there are 10 adjacent corn-growing areas, which can be regarded as a corn-growing area set. Then, the corn-growing areas with centralized water-saving irrigation mode can be divided into farmland blocks.

[0048] In one embodiment, taking the farmland in the demonstration area as an example, the planting types in the demonstration area can be classified based on the field survey results of the demonstration area and the land use type vector data, such as field crop planting areas, vegetable planting areas, and orchard areas; the irrigation mechanisms of various planting types are investigated and sorted out, and the irrigation modes are divided according to the irrigation frequency and irrigation amount, and finally divided into several farmland blocks.

[0049] S202: Acquire soil information, crop type information and fertilizer input information of the farmland block.

[0050] The soil information may be information characterizing the state of the soil, including: soil structure information (loose or compact), soil nutrient information and the like. The soil nutrient information may include soil nutrient accumulation, other indicators reflecting soil nitrogen nutrient content, and the like, for example, the amount of nitrogen accumulated inside the soil over a period of time (many years of fertilization causing a large amount of nitrogen accumulation inside the soil, the more accumulated, the more leached).

[0051] The fertilization input information is information that characterizes the water and fertilizer application conditions of the soil within a predetermined time, including: crop irrigation information, fertilization input information, farmland irrigation information includes: water and fertilizer irrigation information (such as irrigation frequency, mode, flux, etc.), and fertilization input information includes: water and fertilizer input and other indicator information.

[0052] In the embodiment of the present application, soil information, crop type information and fertilizer input information can be collected through collection equipment or manual record surveys and then maintained in a database. At this time, this information can be obtained from the database.

[0053] S203. Classify the nitrogen leaching potential of the farmland blocks according to the soil information, crop type information and fertilizer input information of the farmland blocks to obtain the nitrogen leaching potential grade of each farmland block.

[0054] The nitrogen leaching potential grade represents the potential impact of the farmland area on the nitrogen leaching of the farmland.

[0055] In one embodiment, to improve the calculation accuracy of the nitrogen leaching potential level, step S203 may specifically include:

[0056] Processing the soil information, crop type information and fertilization input information characteristics of the farmland block to obtain soil characteristics, crop type characteristics and fertilization characteristics of the farmland block;

[0057] Combining soil characteristics, crop type characteristics and fertilization characteristics of the farmland block to obtain a characteristic sequence of the farmland block;

[0058] The farmland blocks are classified according to the characteristic sequence to obtain the nitrogen leaching potential level of the farmland blocks.

[0059] In one embodiment, a machine learning approach may be used to calculate the nitrogen leaching potential level, wherein soil information, crop type information, and fertilizer input information characteristics of a farmland block may be subjected to feature mining and conversion processing, respectively.

[0060] Soil feature processing: Feature mining of soil information, such as encoding or one-hot encoding based on indicators such as soil structure and texture, particle composition, etc., and converting them into features that can be used by machine learning models.

[0061] Crop type feature processing: Based on the crop type information, it is converted into numerical features, such as using one-hot encoding or mapping to numerical labels. In this way, the crop type information can be used as an input feature of the machine learning model.

[0062] Fertilization feature processing: Perform feature mining on fertilization input information, such as standardizing or normalizing features such as irrigation amount, fertilizer amount, and fertilization times to ensure that the scales of different features are consistent.

[0063] In one embodiment, in order to improve the accuracy of the potential level, feature combination can be performed based on the processed soil characteristics, crop type characteristics and fertilization characteristics to obtain the comprehensive characteristics of the farmland block. Feature combination methods can be used, including feature intersection, feature weighting, polynomial features, etc. In this way, the effects of soil information, crop type and fertilization input on nitrogen leaching potential can be comprehensively considered.

[0064] For example, in one embodiment, the soil characteristics include: soil structure characteristics and soil nutrient characteristics, and the fertilization characteristics include: crop irrigation characteristics and fertilization input characteristics; the soil characteristics, crop type characteristics and fertilization characteristics of the farmland block are combined to obtain a feature sequence of the farmland block, including:

[0065] Obtain the characteristic weights corresponding to soil structure characteristics, soil nutrient characteristics, crop type characteristics, and crop irrigation characteristics;

[0066] According to the feature weights, soil structure features, soil nutrient features, crop type features, crop irrigation features, and fertilizer input features are adjusted, and the adjusted features are subjected to feature combination processing to obtain a feature sequence of the farmland block.

[0067] Among them, different features have different influences on the nitrogen leaching intensity. In order to improve the accuracy of grade calculation, weights can be set for different features to achieve feature combination. The weight of the feature represents the influence of the feature on the nitrogen leaching intensity. For example, the influence of soil characteristics on nitrogen leaching intensity.

[0068] In one embodiment, features and feature weights may be weighted, and features may be combined to form a feature sequence. In one embodiment, the specific environment of the farmland may be taken into consideration, and features with the greatest impact, such as soil features, may be selected, and then the soil features may be adjusted to form a feature sequence of soil features of interest. Specifically, soil structure features, soil nutrient features, crop type features, and crop irrigation features may be combined to form a feature sequence, and a weight sequence corresponding to the feature sequence may be obtained. The weight sequence is a weight sequence that characterizes the soil nutrient features of interest. According to the weight sequence, the features in the feature sequence may be adjusted, such as by weighting the feature values, to form an adjusted feature sequence.

[0069] In one embodiment, the farmland blocks may be classified according to the feature sequence by a machine learning model to obtain the nitrogen leaching potential level of the farmland blocks. The specific steps may include:

[0070] Using a nitrogen leaching grade classification model to classify the nitrogen leaching potential grade of the farmland block based on the characteristic sequence, to obtain the nitrogen leaching potential grade of the farmland block;

[0071] Among them, the nitrogen leaching grade classification model is a model based on a deep learning network, and the model is obtained by training a sample feature set, and the sample feature set includes: the sample nitrogen leaching potential grade corresponding to the sample farmland block, the soil characteristics corresponding to the sample farmland block, the crop type characteristics and the fertilization characteristics.

[0072] S204. Clustering the farmland blocks according to the nitrogen leaching potential level of each farmland block to obtain a monitoring area, wherein the monitoring area includes at least one farmland block with the same nitrogen leaching potential level.

[0073] The monitoring area is the farmland area to be monitored, which can be composed of several farmland blocks. For example, farmland blocks with the same nitrogen leaching potential level are clustered together to form a monitoring area.

[0074] The nitrogen leaching potential level can be divided according to actual needs, for example, it can be divided into level 1, level 2...level n (n is a positive integer greater than 2) according to the degree of degree.

[0075] S205. Allocate a corresponding number of nitrogen leaching monitoring devices to each monitoring area according to the regional attribute information of the monitoring area, and determine the equipment deployment position of the monitoring area according to the number of nitrogen leaching monitoring devices allocated to the monitoring area.

[0076] The regional attribute information may be information characterizing the attributes of the monitoring area, and may include information such as area, length, width, thickness, etc.

[0077] In one embodiment, in order to improve the rationality of the allocation of monitoring equipment, the number of monitoring equipment can be allocated according to the area of ​​the region. Specifically, the ratio of the area of ​​the region to the area of ​​the farmland is calculated; according to the ratio and the total number of nitrogen leaching monitoring equipment to be allocated, the number of nitrogen leaching monitoring equipment allocated to each monitoring area is determined. For example, if there are 10 monitoring equipment, they can be allocated according to the area ratio, for example, 5 sets are allocated if the ratio is 50%, and the actual operation can adopt the rounding method.

[0078] In one embodiment, in order to grasp the nitrogen leaching intensity level of 10,000 mu of farmland, assuming that only 10 sets of nitrogen leaching monitoring equipment are to be deployed on the 10,000 mu of farmland, the problem is how to deploy them scientifically and where to place these 10 sets so as to more objectively and truly reflect the average nitrogen leaching level of the 10,000 mu of farmland.

[0079] It is necessary to consider the factors that affect nitrogen leaching, such as the irrigation and fertilization input of crops (the more applied, the more leached), soil structure (loose or compact), and soil nutrient accumulation (many years of fertilization cause a large amount of nitrogen accumulation in the soil, the more accumulated, the more leached);

[0080] Through the method introduced in the above embodiment of the present application, according to the impact level of nitrogen leaching potential of different plots (leaching potential level), the plots with similar impact levels are classified into one level to form a monitoring area, and monitoring points are arranged according to the area ratio (for example, if the area ratio of level a is 20%, then 2 sets of monitoring equipment are arranged according to the grid layout method; if the area ratio of level b is 40%, then 4 sets of monitoring equipment are arranged according to the grid layout method...), ensuring that there are monitoring points in areas with different potential levels. In this way, these 10 sets are arranged scientifically and reasonably, and it can be considered that the results can represent the average level of nitrogen leaching at the ten thousand mu level.

[0081] In one embodiment, according to the actual farmland conditions, monitoring equipment can also be allocated based on the number of farmland blocks in the monitoring area. For example, some monitoring areas are large, but the number of farmland blocks is also large. At this time, they can be allocated based on the actual proportion. If some monitoring areas are large, but the number of farmland is small, then at this time, considering the actual monitoring situation and reasonable allocation of resources, at this time, they can be allocated based on the proportion of quantity. If a certain monitoring area is small but the number of farmland blocks is large, at this time, they can be allocated based on the proportion of quantity.

[0082] Specifically, the regional attribute information also includes: the number of farmland blocks included in the monitoring area;

[0083] According to the above proportion and the total number of nitrogen leaching monitoring equipment to be allocated, the number of nitrogen leaching monitoring equipment allocated to each monitoring area is determined, including:

[0084] When the number of farmland blocks in the monitoring area is greater than a preset number threshold, and the proportion is greater than a preset proportion threshold, the number of nitrogen leaching monitoring equipment allocated to the monitoring area is calculated according to the proportion and the total number of nitrogen leaching monitoring equipment to be allocated;

[0085] When the number of farmland blocks in the monitoring area is not greater than the preset number threshold, and the proportion is greater than the preset proportion threshold, the number of nitrogen leaching monitoring equipment allocated to the monitoring area is calculated according to the proportion of the number of farmland blocks to the total number of farmland blocks;

[0086] When the number of farmland blocks in the monitoring area is greater than the preset number threshold and the proportion is not greater than the preset proportion threshold, the number of nitrogen leaching monitoring equipment allocated to the monitoring area is calculated based on the proportion of the number of farmland blocks to the total number of farmland blocks.

[0087] For example, you can set the quantity threshold to 3, the area ratio threshold to 40%, and the number of monitoring devices to 10. When the area ratio of the monitoring area is 50% and the number of farmland blocks is 40%, the number of devices is allocated according to the area ratio, that is, 5 monitoring devices. If the area ratio of a certain area is 50% and the number of farmland blocks is 20%, then the number of devices is allocated according to the quantity ratio, and 2 monitoring devices are allocated. If the area ratio is 30% and the number ratio is 20%, then the number ratio is allocated according to the quantity ratio, that is, 2 devices are allocated.

[0088] In an embodiment of the present application, after determining the number of devices, the deployment locations of the monitoring devices can be determined in the monitoring area. In one embodiment, some monitoring point locations (representative monitoring point locations) can be initially selected from the monitoring area, and then the monitoring point locations can be further selected based on the distance from the monitoring point location to the monitoring center.

[0089] For example, representative points are selected as monitoring points based on the requirements of representativeness, long-term nature and anti-interference, and then further selected from the representative points to be located in experimental stations, farms or parks as much as possible to facilitate management and ensure that the monitoring work can be carried out continuously and stably; the monitoring points are kept away from villages, buildings, roads, rivers, main ditches, point source pollution, etc., and an initial monitoring area plan is formulated.

[0090] S206. Acquire nitrogen leaching monitoring data from nitrogen leaching monitoring equipment deployed in each monitoring area, and calculate nitrogen leaching intensity information of the farmland based on the nitrogen leaching monitoring data.

[0091] After determining the equipment deployment location, the staff or technicians can deploy the corresponding number of monitoring devices at the corresponding deployment location. After the equipment is deployed, networking can be carried out to form a monitoring network. Figure 1 , in order to monitor the nitrogen leaching data of each area, and finally calculate the nitrogen leaching intensity information of the entire farmland.

[0092] In one embodiment, the nitrogen leaching intensity of each monitoring area can be calculated based on the nitrogen leaching monitoring data of the monitoring area, and then the nitrogen leaching intensity of the entire farmland can be calculated based on the intensity of each area. For example, a weighted average or summation method can be used to set a weight for each level of monitoring area, and different levels correspond to different weights. The specific algorithm can be set according to demand, or a machine learning model such as an intensity analysis model can be used to predict the intensity based on the nitrogen leaching monitoring data.

[0093] As can be seen from the above, the embodiments of the present application provide a method, device and equipment for monitoring nitrogen leaching in farmland, which can divide the farmland into multiple farmland blocks; obtain soil information, crop type information and fertilizer input information of the farmland blocks; grade the nitrogen leaching potential of the farmland blocks according to the soil information, crop type information and fertilizer input information of the farmland blocks, and obtain the nitrogen leaching potential level of each farmland block, and the nitrogen leaching potential level characterizes the potential influence of the farmland area on the nitrogen leaching of the farmland; cluster the farmland blocks according to the nitrogen leaching potential level of each farmland block to obtain a monitoring area, and the monitoring area includes at least one farmland block with the same nitrogen leaching potential level; and classify the farmland blocks according to the regional attributes of the monitoring area. The information allocates a corresponding number of nitrogen leaching monitoring devices to each monitoring area, and determines the equipment deployment position of the monitoring area according to the number of nitrogen leaching monitoring devices allocated to the monitoring area; obtains nitrogen leaching monitoring data from the nitrogen leaching monitoring devices deployed in each monitoring area, and calculates the nitrogen leaching intensity information of the farmland according to the nitrogen leaching monitoring data; this scheme can accurately determine the nitrogen leaching potential level of the farmland block based on nitrogen leaching influencing factors such as soil and fertilization, divide the farmland blocks of the same level into monitoring areas, and allocate a reasonable number of nitrogen leaching monitoring devices in the monitoring areas, so that a reasonable number of nitrogen leaching monitoring devices are set up in each level of monitoring area for monitoring, thereby improving the accuracy of nitrogen leaching monitoring of the entire farmland.

[0094] The embodiment scheme of the present application can also be used to meet the needs of scientifically deploying monitoring points for nitrogen leaching in farmland planting areas of tens of thousands of acres. The nutrient content indicators such as soil structure and soil nitrogen accumulation in the monitoring area can be collected through the grid deployment method. Combined with the crop type and water and fertilizer input information in the monitoring area, the nitrogen leaching potential can be graded using a machine learning model. Monitoring points can be deployed according to the leaching potential level to ensure that there are monitoring points for different leaching potential levels. The monitoring results at each point can more objectively represent the average level of nitrogen leaching intensity in large-scale farmland.

[0095] See also Figure 3 , Figure 3 It is a schematic block diagram of a farmland nitrogen leaching monitoring device provided in an embodiment of the present application. The farmland nitrogen leaching monitoring device can be configured in a computer device to execute the aforementioned farmland nitrogen leaching monitoring method.

[0096] like Figure 3 As shown, the farmland nitrogen leaching monitoring device 300 may include a processor 310 and a memory 320, wherein the processor 310 and the memory 320 are connected via a bus, such as an I2C (Inter-integrated Circuit) bus.

[0097] Specifically, the processor 310 may be a micro-controller unit (MCU), a central processing unit (CPU), or a digital signal processor (DSP).

[0098] Specifically, the memory 320 may be a Flash chip, a read-only memory (ROM) disk, an optical disk, a USB disk, or a mobile hard disk, etc. The memory 320 stores various computer programs for the processor 310 to execute.

[0099] The processor 310 is used to run a computer program stored in the memory, and implement the following steps when executing the computer program:

[0100] Divide farmland into multiple farm plots;

[0101] Obtaining soil information, crop type information and fertilizer input information of the farmland block;

[0102] According to the soil information, crop type information and fertilizer input information of the farmland block, the nitrogen leaching potential of the farmland block is graded to obtain the nitrogen leaching potential grade of each farmland block, and the nitrogen leaching potential grade represents the potential influence of the farmland area on the nitrogen leaching of the farmland;

[0103] Clustering the farmland blocks according to the nitrogen leaching potential level of each farmland block to obtain a monitoring area, wherein the monitoring area includes at least one farmland block with the same nitrogen leaching potential level;

[0104] Allocate a corresponding number of nitrogen leaching monitoring devices to each monitoring area according to the regional attribute information of the monitoring area, and determine the equipment deployment position of the monitoring area according to the number of nitrogen leaching monitoring devices allocated to the monitoring area;

[0105] Nitrogen leaching monitoring data is obtained from nitrogen leaching monitoring equipment deployed in each monitoring area, and the nitrogen leaching intensity information of the farmland is calculated based on the nitrogen leaching monitoring data.

[0106] In one embodiment, the processor 310 divides the farmland into a plurality of farmland blocks, including:

[0107] Acquire the crop planting type in the planting area of ​​the farmland and the irrigation mode information corresponding to the crop planting type;

[0108] The farmland is divided into a plurality of farmland blocks according to the crop planting type and the irrigation mode information, wherein the farmland block includes at least one planting area.

[0109] In one embodiment, the processor 310 divides the farmland into a plurality of farmland blocks according to the crop planting type and the irrigation mode information, including:

[0110] The planting areas with the same crop planting type and adjacent distances less than a preset threshold are divided into a planting area set;

[0111] The planting areas with the same irrigation mode in the planting area concentration are divided into farmland blocks to obtain multiple farmland blocks.

[0112] In one embodiment, the region attribute information includes: region area;

[0113] The processor 310 allocates a corresponding number of nitrogen leaching monitoring devices to each monitoring area according to the regional attribute information of the monitoring area, including:

[0114] Calculating the ratio of the area of ​​the region to the area of ​​the farmland;

[0115] Based on the said proportion and the total number of nitrogen leaching monitoring equipment to be allocated, the number of nitrogen leaching monitoring equipment allocated to each monitoring area is determined.

[0116] In one embodiment, the regional attribute information further includes: the number of farmland blocks included in the monitoring area;

[0117] The processor 310 determines the number of nitrogen leaching monitoring devices allocated to each monitoring area according to the proportion and the total number of nitrogen leaching monitoring devices to be allocated, including:

[0118] When the number of farmland blocks in the monitoring area is greater than a preset number threshold, and the proportion is greater than a preset proportion threshold, the number of nitrogen leaching monitoring equipment allocated to the monitoring area is calculated according to the proportion and the total number of nitrogen leaching monitoring equipment to be allocated;

[0119] When the number of farmland blocks in the monitoring area is not greater than the preset number threshold, and the proportion is greater than the preset proportion threshold, the number of nitrogen leaching monitoring equipment allocated to the monitoring area is calculated according to the proportion of the number of farmland blocks to the total number of farmland blocks;

[0120] When the number of farmland blocks in the monitoring area is greater than the preset number threshold and the proportion is not greater than the preset proportion threshold, the number of nitrogen leaching monitoring equipment allocated to the monitoring area is calculated based on the proportion of the number of farmland blocks to the total number of farmland blocks.

[0121] In one embodiment, the processor 310 performs nitrogen leaching potential classification on the farmland block according to the soil information, crop type information and fertilizer input information of the farmland block to obtain the nitrogen leaching potential grade of each farmland block, including:

[0122] Processing the soil information, crop type information and fertilization input information characteristics of the farmland block to obtain soil characteristics, crop type characteristics and fertilization characteristics of the farmland block;

[0123] Combining soil characteristics, crop type characteristics and fertilization characteristics of the farmland block to obtain a characteristic sequence of the farmland block;

[0124] The farmland blocks are classified according to the characteristic sequence to obtain the nitrogen leaching potential level of the farmland blocks.

[0125] In one embodiment, the soil characteristics include: soil structure characteristics, soil nutrient characteristics, and the fertilization characteristics include: crop irrigation characteristics, fertilization input characteristics;

[0126] The processor 310 combines the soil features, crop type features and fertilization features of the farmland block to obtain a feature sequence of the farmland block, including:

[0127] Obtain the characteristic weights corresponding to soil structure characteristics, soil nutrient characteristics, crop type characteristics, and crop irrigation characteristics;

[0128] According to the feature weights, soil structure features, soil nutrient features, crop type features, crop irrigation features, and fertilizer input features are adjusted, and the adjusted features are subjected to feature combination processing to obtain a feature sequence of the farmland block;

[0129] The processor 310 classifies the farmland blocks according to the feature sequence to obtain the nitrogen leaching potential level of the farmland blocks, including:

[0130] Using a nitrogen leaching grade classification model to classify the nitrogen leaching potential grade of the farmland block based on the characteristic sequence, to obtain the nitrogen leaching potential grade of the farmland block;

[0131] Among them, the nitrogen leaching grade classification model is a model based on a deep learning network, and the model is obtained by training a sample feature set, and the sample feature set includes: the sample nitrogen leaching potential grade corresponding to the sample farmland block, the soil characteristics corresponding to the sample farmland block, the crop type characteristics and the fertilization characteristics.

[0132] In one embodiment, the processor 310 calculates the nitrogen leaching intensity information of the farmland according to the nitrogen leaching monitoring data, including:

[0133] Calculate the nitrogen leaching intensity corresponding to each monitoring area according to the nitrogen leaching monitoring data;

[0134] The nitrogen leaching intensity corresponding to each monitoring area is weighted averaged to obtain the average nitrogen leaching intensity of the farmland.

[0135] The farmland nitrogen leaching monitoring device 300 can execute the soil environment change trend analysis method provided in the embodiment of the present application. Therefore, it can achieve the beneficial effects that can be achieved by the soil environment change trend analysis method provided in the embodiment of the present application. Please refer to the previous embodiment for details and will not be repeated here.

[0136] The present application also provides a computer device, including but not limited to tablet computers, desktop computers, personal digital assistants and other devices. The computer device includes a farmland nitrogen leaching monitoring device, which can be Figure 3 The farmland nitrogen leaching monitoring device 300 shown in FIG. Therefore, the computer device can achieve the beneficial effects that can be achieved by the farmland nitrogen leaching monitoring method provided in the embodiment of the present application, as detailed in the previous embodiment, which will not be repeated here.

[0137] An embodiment of the present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the above-mentioned method for monitoring nitrogen leaching in farmland are implemented.

[0138] Wherein, the computer-readable storage medium may be an internal storage unit of the farmland nitrogen leaching monitoring device or computer device described in the aforementioned embodiment, such as a hard disk or memory of the farmland nitrogen leaching monitoring device or computer device. The computer-readable storage medium may also be an external storage device of the soil environment change trend analysis device or computer device, such as a plug-in hard disk, a smart memory card (Smart Media Card, SMC), a secure digital card (Secure Digital Card, SD Card), a flash card (Flash Card), etc., equipped on the soil environment change trend analysis device or computer device.

[0139] Since the computer program stored in the storage medium can execute any one of the farmland nitrogen leaching monitoring methods provided in the embodiments of the present application, the beneficial effects that can be achieved by any one of the farmland nitrogen leaching monitoring methods provided in the embodiments of the present application can be achieved. Please see the previous embodiments for details and will not be repeated here.

[0140] It should be noted that, in this article, the terms "include", "comprises" or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or system including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or system. In the absence of further restrictions, an element defined by the sentence "comprises a ..." does not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or system including the element.

[0141] The above description is only a specific implementation mode of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can easily think of various equivalent modifications or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present application, and these modifications or substitutions should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for monitoring nitrogen leaching in farmland, characterized in that: The method is applied to nitrogen leaching monitoring in farmland, and the method comprises: Acquire the crop planting type in the planting area of ​​the farmland and the irrigation mode information corresponding to the crop planting type; The farmland is divided into a plurality of farmland blocks according to the crop planting type and the irrigation mode information, wherein the farmland block includes at least one planting area. The step specifically includes: dividing the planting areas with the same crop planting type and adjacent distances less than a preset threshold into a planting area set; dividing the planting areas with the same irrigation mode in the planting area set into farmland blocks to obtain a plurality of farmland blocks; Obtaining soil information, crop type information and fertilizer input information of the farmland block; According to the soil information, crop type information and fertilizer input information of the farmland block, the nitrogen leaching potential of the farmland block is graded to obtain the nitrogen leaching potential grade of each farmland block, and the nitrogen leaching potential grade represents the potential influence of the farmland area on the nitrogen leaching of the farmland; Clustering the farmland blocks according to the nitrogen leaching potential level of each farmland block to obtain a monitoring area, wherein the monitoring area includes at least one farmland block with the same nitrogen leaching potential level; A corresponding number of nitrogen leaching monitoring devices are allocated to each monitoring area according to the regional attribute information of the monitoring area, the regional attribute information including: the regional area and the number of farmland blocks contained in the monitoring area, and this step specifically includes: calculating the ratio of the regional area to the farmland area; when the number of farmland blocks in the monitoring area is greater than a preset number threshold, and the ratio is greater than the preset ratio threshold, the number of nitrogen leaching monitoring devices allocated to the monitoring area is calculated according to the ratio and the total number of nitrogen leaching monitoring devices to be allocated; when the number of farmland blocks in the monitoring area is not greater than the preset number threshold, and the ratio is greater than the preset ratio threshold, the number of nitrogen leaching monitoring devices allocated to the monitoring area is calculated according to the ratio of the number of farmland blocks to the total number of farmland blocks; when the number of farmland blocks in the monitoring area is greater than the preset number threshold, and the ratio is not greater than the preset ratio threshold, the number of nitrogen leaching monitoring devices allocated to the monitoring area is calculated according to the ratio of the number of farmland blocks to the total number of farmland blocks; Determine the equipment deployment location in the monitoring area according to the number of nitrogen leaching monitoring equipment allocated to the monitoring area; Nitrogen leaching monitoring data is obtained from nitrogen leaching monitoring equipment deployed in each monitoring area, and the nitrogen leaching intensity information of the farmland is calculated based on the nitrogen leaching monitoring data.

2. The method for monitoring nitrogen leaching in farmland according to claim 1, characterized in that: According to the soil information, crop type information and fertilizer input information of the farmland block, the nitrogen leaching potential of the farmland block is graded to obtain the nitrogen leaching potential grade of each farmland block, including: Processing the soil information, crop type information and fertilization input information characteristics of the farmland block to obtain soil characteristics, crop type characteristics and fertilization characteristics of the farmland block; Combining soil characteristics, crop type characteristics and fertilization characteristics of the farmland block to obtain a characteristic sequence of the farmland block; The farmland blocks are classified according to the characteristic sequence to obtain the nitrogen leaching potential level of the farmland blocks.

3. The method for monitoring nitrogen leaching in farmland according to claim 2, characterized in that: The soil characteristics include: soil structure characteristics and soil nutrient characteristics; the fertilization characteristics include: crop irrigation characteristics and fertilization input characteristics; The soil characteristics, crop type characteristics and fertilization characteristics of the farmland block are combined to obtain a characteristic sequence of the farmland block, including: Obtain the characteristic weights corresponding to soil structure characteristics, soil nutrient characteristics, crop type characteristics, crop irrigation characteristics, and fertilizer input characteristics; According to the feature weights, soil structure features, soil nutrient features, crop type features, crop irrigation features, and fertilizer input features are adjusted, and the adjusted features are subjected to feature combination processing to obtain a feature sequence of the farmland block; The farmland blocks are classified according to the characteristic sequence to obtain the nitrogen leaching potential level of the farmland blocks, including: Using a nitrogen leaching grade classification model to classify the nitrogen leaching potential grade of the farmland block based on the characteristic sequence, to obtain the nitrogen leaching potential grade of the farmland block; Among them, the nitrogen leaching level classification model is a model based on a deep learning network, and the model is trained by a sample feature set, and the sample feature set includes: the sample nitrogen leaching potential level corresponding to the sample farmland block, the soil characteristics corresponding to the sample farmland block, the crop type characteristics and the fertilization characteristics.

4. The method for monitoring nitrogen leaching in farmland according to claim 3, characterized in that: The nitrogen leaching intensity information of the farmland is calculated based on the nitrogen leaching monitoring data, including: Calculate the nitrogen leaching intensity corresponding to each monitoring area according to the nitrogen leaching monitoring data; The nitrogen leaching intensity corresponding to each monitoring area is weighted averaged to obtain the average nitrogen leaching intensity of the farmland.

5. A farmland nitrogen leaching monitoring device, characterized in that: The farmland nitrogen leaching monitoring device comprises a memory and a processor; The memory is used to store computer programs; The processor is used to execute the computer program and implement the steps of the farmland nitrogen leaching monitoring method as described in any one of claims 1 to 4 when executing the computer program.

6. A computer device, characterized in that: The computer device includes the farmland nitrogen leaching monitoring device as described in claim 5.

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