A hard rock drilling speed-up drill bit

Abstract

This invention provides a high-speed drill bit for hard rock drilling, comprising, from front to back, an arc-angle drill bit, a support assembly outer cylinder, a torque transmission assembly outer cylinder, and a drill pipe joint. A torque transmission rod is installed inside the support assembly outer cylinder, and from front to back, a support ring, a front spring, a pressure ring, a central sleeve, a support block, and a rear spring are arranged on the torque transmission rod. A sun gear shaft, a planetary gear carrier, and planetary gears are installed inside the torque transmission assembly outer cylinder. When encountering rock formations with a high rock hardness coefficient, this high-speed drill bit, through the rotation of the sun gear shaft and its meshing with the planetary gears, converts the low-speed output of the drilling rig's rotary head into a high-speed output, which is then transmitted to the arc-angle drill bit. This changes the rock-breaking method from low-speed plowing to high-speed grinding, increasing the depth the drill bit penetrates the formation, accelerating hard rock drilling speed, and improving drilling efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of underground drilling equipment in coal mines, and relates to drill bits, specifically a drill bit for accelerating hard rock drilling. Background Technology

[0002] To ensure safe production in coal mines, drilling operations such as gas drainage hole construction, water exploration and drainage pre-drilling, and roof and floor grouting reinforcement are required in advance. However, due to the different geological conditions of coal mines in different regions, the hardness of the rock strata encountered during drilling varies greatly. When drilling into rock strata with a high rock hardness coefficient, the drilling speed decreases significantly, and the wear of the drill bit intensifies, which slows down the drilling progress and increases the consumption of the drill bit.

[0003] The drill bits currently used in coal mine drilling projects have the following main defects in actual construction:

[0004] First, drilling in hard rock is slow and inefficient. Most current drill bits are designed for specific geological conditions. They can achieve high drilling efficiency at low to medium speeds in soft to medium-hard formations. However, when encountering hard rock, the drill bit's penetration depth into the formation decreases, and the rock-breaking effect of the plowing method is poor, resulting in slow drilling speed and low efficiency.

[0005] Secondly, the drilling rig cannot reach its full potential. While drilling equipment has developed rapidly in recent years, with enhanced feed and pull-out capabilities and torque increasing several times over, the rig's rotational speed has not improved. The rotational speed can only be adjusted within a small range, resulting in a relatively low overall speed. When encountering hard rock, even high-capacity drilling rigs cannot significantly increase their rotational speed to fully utilize their advantages in rock breaking. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the defects and shortcomings of the existing technology, the purpose of this invention is to provide a hard rock drilling speed-up drill bit, which solves the technical problems of reduced drilling depth, poor effect, slow drilling speed and low efficiency when drilling hard rock.

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0008] A hard rock drilling speed-up drill bit includes an arc-angle drill bit, a support component outer cylinder, a torque transmission component outer cylinder, and a drill rod joint arranged sequentially from front to back, with the support component outer cylinder and the torque transmission component outer cylinder being fixedly connected.

[0009] The outer cylinder of the support assembly is provided with a torsion rod, the arc-angle drill bit is fixedly installed on the axial front end of the torsion rod, the axial rear end of the torsion rod is fixedly connected to the axial front part of the sun gear shaft, the axial rear part of the sun gear shaft is movably inserted into the axial front end of the planetary gear carrier, and the axial rear end of the planetary gear carrier is fixedly installed in the drill pipe joint.

[0010] Multiple planetary gears are fixedly mounted on the planetary gear carrier. The multiple planetary gears are evenly distributed around the sun gear shaft in the circumferential direction, and the inner side of the planetary gears meshes with the sun gear shaft. The sun gear shaft, planetary gear carrier, and planetary gears are all located inside the outer cylinder of the torque transmission assembly. A gear ring is provided on the inner wall of the outer cylinder of the torque transmission assembly, and the gear ring meshes with the outer side of the planetary gears.

[0011] The torsion bar is fitted with a central sleeve, which is located inside the outer cylinder of the support assembly. The central sleeve can move along the axial direction on the torsion bar. Multiple support blocks are hinged to the central sleeve. Multiple openings are provided on the outer cylinder of the support assembly. Each opening corresponds to a support block, and the support blocks can extend out from the openings of the outer cylinder of the support assembly.

[0012] A support ring and a front spring are arranged sequentially from front to back between the torsion rod and the central sleeve. The support ring is fixedly installed on the torsion rod, and the front spring is sleeved on the outside of the torsion rod. The axial front end of the front spring is in contact with the support ring, and the axial rear end of the front spring is in contact with the axial front end face of the central sleeve.

[0013] A pressure ring and a rear spring are arranged sequentially from front to back between the central sleeve and the planetary gear. The pressure ring is fixedly installed at the axial rear end of the central sleeve, and the rear spring is sleeved outside the torsion bar. The axial front end of the rear spring contacts the pressure ring, and the axial rear end of the rear spring contacts the axial front end face of the planetary gear.

[0014] The present invention also has the following technical features:

[0015] A straightening ring is fixedly installed inside the axial front part of the outer cylinder of the support assembly, and the axial rear end of the straightening ring is in contact with the axial front end of the support ring.

[0016] A retaining ring is fixedly installed inside the axial rear end of the outer cylinder of the torque transmission component, and the axial rear end face of the retaining ring is in contact with the axial rear end face of the planetary gear support shoulder.

[0017] The outer cylinder of the support component includes a main body of the outer cylinder of the support component, and an integrated support component outer cylinder connecting part is provided at the axial rear end of the main body of the outer cylinder of the support component. Multiple support component outer cylinder openings are provided on the main body of the outer cylinder of the support component, and the cavity inside the outer cylinder of the support component is the outer cylinder cavity of the support component.

[0018] The outer cylinder of the torque transmission component includes a main body of the outer cylinder, a gear ring is machined inside the main body of the outer cylinder, the cavity on the front side of the gear ring is the front cavity of the outer cylinder of the torque transmission component, and the cavity on the rear side of the gear ring is the rear cavity of the outer cylinder of the torque transmission component.

[0019] The aforementioned torsion bar includes a torsion bar body, with a torsion bar limiting block integrally provided at the axial front end of the torsion bar body, and an arc-angle drill bit mounted on the torsion bar limiting block; the cavity inside the torsion bar is the torsion bar cavity.

[0020] The sun gear shaft includes a sun gear shaft body that meshes with a planetary gear; an integral sun gear shaft connecting shaft is provided at the axial front end of the sun gear shaft body, and the sun gear shaft connecting shaft is fixedly installed in the torsion bar; the cavity inside the sun gear shaft is the sun gear shaft cavity.

[0021] The planetary gear carrier includes a planetary gear carrier body. A planetary gear carrier connecting rod is integrally formed at the center of the axial front end face of the planetary gear carrier body. The planetary gear carrier connecting rod is movably inserted into the sun gear shaft cavity. Multiple planetary gear fixing rods are integrally formed on the axial front end face of the planetary gear carrier body. The multiple planetary gear fixing rods are evenly distributed around the planetary gear carrier connecting rod in the circumferential direction. Planetary gears are fixedly installed on the axial front end of the planetary gear fixing rods. Both the planetary gear carrier body and the planetary gear carrier connecting rod are hollow. The cavity inside the planetary gear carrier body and the planetary gear carrier connecting rod is the planetary gear carrier cavity. A planetary gear carrier shoulder is integrally formed at the axial front part of the planetary gear carrier body.

[0022] The central sleeve and support ring are provided with multiple connecting rods. The inner side of the connecting rod is hinged to the outer side of the central sleeve and support ring, and the outer side of the connecting rod is hinged to the inner side of the support block. Each support block is connected to the central sleeve through multiple connecting rods.

[0023] The central sleeve includes a central sleeve body, and multiple pairs of central sleeve ear plates are fixedly installed on the outside of the central sleeve body. A central sleeve pin hole is opened on the central sleeve ear plate, and a pin is installed in the central sleeve pin hole. The connecting rod is installed in the central sleeve ear plate through the pin.

[0024] The support block includes a support block body, an integrally formed support block boss on the inner side of the support block body, two pairs of support block ear plates on the support block body in front of the support block boss, and a pair of support block ear plates on the support block body behind the support block boss. Support block pin holes are formed on the support block ear plates, and pins are set in the support block pin holes. The connecting rod is installed in the support block ear plates through the pins.

[0025] The support ring includes a support ring body, and multiple pairs of support ring ear plates are fixedly disposed on the outside of the support ring body. The support ring ear plates are provided with support ring ear plate pin holes, and pins are disposed in the support ring ear plate pin holes; the connecting rod is installed in the support ring ear plates through the pins.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects:

[0027] (I) The hard rock drilling speed-up drill bit of the present invention, when encountering a rock layer with a large rock hardness coefficient, rotates the sun gear shaft and meshes with the planetary gear to change the speed, converting the low speed output by the drill rig rotary head into a high speed and transmitting it to the arc-angle drill bit, thereby changing the rock breaking method from low-speed plowing to high-speed grinding, increasing the depth of the drill bit into the formation, accelerating the hard rock drilling speed, and improving drilling efficiency.

[0028] (II) When encountering hard rock, this invention enables drilling rigs with high feed force (150000N), high torque (15000N·m), and low rotation speed (160r / min) to increase the drill bit rotation speed to 750-1000r / min, fully utilizing the maximum capacity of the drilling rig and improving the overall efficiency of the entire equipment.

[0029] (III) The hard rock drilling speed-up drill bit of the present invention is a normal drill bit when the drilling pressure is lower than the spring preload, and switches to a speed-up drill bit when the drilling pressure is higher than the spring preload. It can switch the feed pressure of the drilling rig to achieve the best rock breaking mode in both soft-medium hard strata and hard rock, and can meet various strata conditions, with broad application prospects.

[0030] (IV) Based on the above analysis, it can be seen that the drill bit of the present invention can be used for construction in soft to medium-hard formations, and can also increase the rotation speed to increase the drilling speed when encountering hard rock. It can control the drilling pressure by utilizing the powerful feed capacity of the drilling rig. It has the functions of low drilling pressure and low rotation speed in the bottom layer of soft to medium-hard formations and high drilling pressure and high rotation speed in hard rock, which improves the adaptability of the drill bit to different formations, increases the drilling speed, improves the construction efficiency, and provides technical equipment support for coal mine drilling construction. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure (exterior) of a drill bit for accelerating hard rock drilling.

[0032] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure (internal) of a drill bit for accelerating hard rock drilling.

[0033] Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of a speed-up drill bit for hard rock drilling in its initial state.

[0034] Figure 4 A cross-sectional view of a hard rock drilling speed-up drill bit in the completed state of speed-up drilling.

[0035] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure supporting the outer cylinder of the component.

[0036] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the outer cylinder of the torsion transmission component.

[0037] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a torsion bar.

[0038] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the sun gear shaft.

[0039] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the planetary gear carrier.

[0040] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the central sleeve structure.

[0041] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the support block.

[0042] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the support ring structure.

[0043] The meanings of the labels in the diagram are as follows: 1-Arc-angle drill bit, 2-Outer cylinder of support assembly, 3-Outer cylinder of torque transmission assembly, 4-Drill pipe joint, 5-Torque transmission rod, 6-Sun gear shaft, 7-Planetary gear carrier, 8-Planetary gear, 9-Center sleeve, 10-Support block, 11-Support ring, 12-Front spring, 13-Pressure ring, 14-Rear spring, 15-Straightening ring, 16-Retaining ring, 17-Connecting rod.

[0044] 201 - Opening of the outer cylinder of the support component; 202 - Main body of the outer cylinder of the support component; 203 - Connecting part of the outer cylinder of the support component; 204 - Cavity of the outer cylinder of the support component.

[0045] 301-Gear ring, 302-Torque transmission component outer cylinder body, 303-Torque transmission component outer cylinder front cavity, 304-Torque transmission component outer cylinder rear cavity.

[0046] 501 - Torsion bar main body, 502 - Torsion bar limiting block, 503 - Torsion bar cavity.

[0047] 601 - Sun gear shaft body, 602 - Sun gear shaft connecting shaft, 603 - Sun gear shaft cavity.

[0048] 701-Planetary gear support body, 702-Planetary gear support connecting rod, 703-Planetary gear fixing rod, 704-Planetary gear support shoulder, 705-Planetary gear support cavity.

[0049] 901 - Central sleeve body, 902 - Central sleeve ear plate, 903 - Central sleeve pin hole.

[0050] 1001-Support block body, 1002-Support block boss, 1003-Support block ear plate, 1004-Support block pin hole.

[0051] 1101 - Support ring body, 1102 - Support ring ear plate, 1103 - Support ring ear plate pin hole.

[0052] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the embodiments. Detailed Implementation

[0053] It should be noted that all components used in this invention, unless otherwise specified, are components known in the art. For example, the arc-angle drill bit 1 is a conventional arc-angle drill bit known in the prior art.

[0054] Following the above technical solutions, specific embodiments of the present invention are given below. It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the following specific embodiments, and all equivalent modifications made based on the technical solutions of this application fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0055] Example:

[0056] This embodiment provides a drill bit for accelerating hard rock drilling, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the assembly includes an arc-angle drill bit 1, a support component outer cylinder 2, a torque transmission component outer cylinder 3, and a drill pipe joint 4 arranged sequentially from front to back. The support component outer cylinder 2 and the torque transmission component outer cylinder 3 are fixedly connected.

[0057] like Figures 2 to 4 As shown, a torsion bar 5 is provided inside the outer cylinder 2 of the support assembly. The arc-angle drill bit 1 is fixedly installed on the axial front end of the torsion bar 5. The axial rear end of the torsion bar 5 is fixedly connected to the axial front end of the sun gear shaft 6. The axial front end of the planetary gear carrier 7 is movably inserted into the axial rear end of the sun gear shaft 6. The axial rear end of the planetary gear carrier 7 is fixedly installed in the drill pipe joint 4.

[0058] like Figures 2 to 4 As shown, multiple planetary gears 8 are fixedly mounted on the planetary gear carrier 7. The multiple planetary gears 8 are evenly distributed around the sun gear shaft 6 in the circumferential direction. The inner side of the planetary gears 8 meshes with the sun gear shaft 6. The sun gear shaft 6, the planetary gear carrier 7 and the planetary gears 8 are all located inside the outer cylinder 3 of the torque transmission assembly. A gear ring 301 is provided on the inner wall of the outer cylinder 3 of the torque transmission assembly, and the gear ring 301 meshes with the outer side of the planetary gears 8.

[0059] like Figures 2 to 4 As shown, a central sleeve 9 is fitted on the torsion bar 5. The central sleeve 9 is located inside the outer cylinder 2 of the support assembly. The central sleeve 9 can move along the axial direction on the torsion bar 5. Multiple support blocks 10 are hinged on the central sleeve 9. Multiple support assembly outer cylinder openings 201 are opened on the outer cylinder 2 of the support assembly. The support assembly outer cylinder openings 201 correspond one-to-one with the support blocks 10. The support blocks 10 can extend out from the support assembly outer cylinder openings 201.

[0060] like Figures 2 to 4As shown, a support ring 11 and a front spring 12 are arranged sequentially from front to back between the torsion bar 5 and the central sleeve 9. The support ring 11 is fixedly installed on the torsion bar 5, and the front spring 12 is sleeved on the outside of the torsion bar 5. The axial front end of the front spring 12 is in contact with the support ring 11, and the axial rear end of the front spring 12 is in contact with the axial front end face of the central sleeve 9.

[0061] like Figures 2 to 4 As shown, a pressure ring 13 and a rear spring 14 are arranged sequentially from front to back between the central sleeve 9 and the planetary gear 8. The pressure ring 13 is fixedly installed on the axial rear end of the central sleeve 9, and the rear spring 14 is sleeved on the outside of the torsion bar 5. The axial front end of the rear spring 14 is in contact with the pressure ring 13, and the axial rear end of the rear spring 14 is in contact with the axial front end face of the planetary gear 8.

[0062] As one specific solution in this embodiment, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, a straightening ring 15 is fixedly installed inside the axial front part of the outer cylinder 2 of the support assembly, and the axial rear end of the straightening ring 15 contacts the axial front end of the support ring 11. In this embodiment, the inner diameter of the straightening ring 15 is equal to the outer diameter of the torsion bar body 501, and the straightening ring 15 plays a limiting role for the torsion bar 5.

[0063] As one specific solution in this embodiment, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, a retaining ring 16 is fixedly installed inside the axial rear end of the outer cylinder 3 of the torque transmission assembly. The axial rear end face of the retaining ring 16 contacts the axial rear end face of the planetary gear carrier shoulder 704. In this embodiment, the inner diameter of the retaining ring 16 is equal to the outer diameter of the planetary gear carrier body 701, and the retaining ring 16 serves to limit the movement of the planetary gear carrier 7.

[0064] As one specific solution in this embodiment, such as Figure 5 As shown, the outer cylinder of the support component includes a main body 202 of the outer cylinder of the support component. The axial rear end of the main body 202 of the outer cylinder of the support component is integrally provided with a connecting part 203 of the outer cylinder of the support component. Multiple openings 201 of the outer cylinder of the support component are provided on the main body 202 of the outer cylinder of the support component. The cavity inside the outer cylinder of the support component is the outer cylinder cavity 204 of the support component.

[0065] As one specific solution in this embodiment, such as Figure 6 As shown, the outer cylinder 3 of the torque transmission component includes a main body 302 of the outer cylinder of the torque transmission component. A gear ring 301 is machined inside the main body 302 of the outer cylinder of the torque transmission component. The cavity on the front side of the gear ring 301 is the front cavity 303 of the outer cylinder of the torque transmission component, and the cavity on the rear side of the gear ring 301 is the rear cavity 304 of the outer cylinder of the torque transmission component.

[0066] In this embodiment, the gear ring 301, the front cavity 303 of the outer cylinder of the torque transmission component, and the rear cavity 304 of the outer cylinder of the torque transmission component are coaxially arranged to form a central cavity that runs through the front and rear. The front cavity 303 of the outer cylinder of the torque transmission component mates with and is fixed together with the connecting part 203 of the outer cylinder of the support component. The outer diameter of the outer cylinder 3 of the torque transmission component is equal to the outer diameter of the rear end of the arc-angle drill bit 1.

[0067] As one specific solution in this embodiment, such as Figure 7 As shown, the torsion bar 5 includes a torsion bar body 501, and a torsion bar limiting block 502 is integrally provided at the axial front end of the torsion bar body 501. The arc-angle drill bit 1 is mounted on the torsion bar limiting block 502. The cavity inside the torsion bar 5 is a torsion bar cavity 503. In this embodiment, the torsion bar limiting block 502 and the arc-angle drill bit 1 are connected through a machined mounting hole, and the rear ends are flush and there is no relative sliding or relative rotation after connection.

[0068] As one specific solution in this embodiment, such as Figure 8 As shown, the sun gear shaft 6 includes a sun gear shaft body 601, which meshes with the planetary gear 8; a sun gear shaft connecting shaft 602 is integrally provided at the axial front end of the sun gear shaft body 601, and the sun gear shaft connecting shaft 602 is fixedly installed in the torsion bar 5; the cavity inside the sun gear shaft 6 is the sun gear shaft cavity 603.

[0069] In this embodiment, the sun gear shaft body 601 and the sun gear shaft connecting shaft 602 are coaxially arranged. The interiors of the sun gear shaft body 601 and the sun gear shaft connecting shaft 602 are hollow and form a sun gear shaft cavity 603. The outer diameter of the sun gear shaft connecting shaft 602 is the same as the inner diameter of the torsion bar cavity 503 of the torsion bar 5, and it is installed and fixed in the torsion bar cavity 503.

[0070] As one specific solution in this embodiment, such as Figure 9As shown, the planetary gear carrier 7 includes a planetary gear carrier body 701. A planetary gear carrier connecting rod 702 is integrally provided at the center of the axial front end face of the planetary gear carrier body 701. The planetary gear carrier connecting rod 702 is movably inserted into the sun gear shaft cavity 603. Multiple planetary gear fixing rods 703 are integrally provided on the axial front end face of the planetary gear carrier body 701. The multiple planetary gear fixing rods 703 are evenly distributed around the planetary gear carrier connecting rod 702 in the circumferential direction. A planetary gear 8 is fixedly installed on the axial front end of the planetary gear fixing rod 703. Both the planetary gear carrier body 701 and the planetary gear carrier connecting rod 702 are hollow. The cavity inside the planetary gear carrier body 701 and the planetary gear carrier connecting rod 702 is the planetary gear carrier cavity 705. A planetary gear carrier shoulder 704 is integrally provided at the axial front part of the planetary gear carrier body 701. The diameter of the planetary gear carrier shoulder 704 is larger than the inner diameter of the center hole of the retaining ring 16.

[0071] In this embodiment, the planetary gear support body 701 has three planetary gear fixing rods 703 and planetary gears 8 evenly arranged circumferentially; the outer diameter of the planetary gear support connecting rod 702 is equal to that of the sun gear shaft cavity 603 and is inserted therein; the outer diameter of the planetary gear support shoulder 704 is the same as that of the inner diameter of the rear cavity 304 of the outer cylinder of the torque transmission assembly, it is installed in the rear cavity 304 of the outer cylinder of the torque transmission assembly and can slide back and forth along the axial direction, and its rear end face contacts the retaining ring 16 to form a limit; the outer diameter of the planetary gear support body 701 is equal to that of the retaining ring 16, and the rear end is connected to the drill pipe joint 4.

[0072] In this embodiment, the cavity of the arc-angle drill bit 1, the torsion bar cavity 503, the sun gear shaft cavity 603, the planetary gear support cavity 705, and the drill pipe joint 4 are connected in sequence to form the central flow channel of the hard rock drilling speed-up drill bit.

[0073] As one specific solution in this embodiment, such as Figures 2 to 4 As shown, multiple connecting rods 17 are arranged on the central sleeve 9 and the support ring 11. The inner side of the connecting rod 17 is hinged to the outer side of the central sleeve 9 and the support ring 11, and the outer side of the connecting rod 17 is hinged to the inner side of the support block 10. Each support block 10 is connected to the central sleeve 9 through three connecting rods 17.

[0074] As one specific solution in this embodiment, such as Figure 10 As shown, the central sleeve 9 includes a central sleeve body 901, and multiple pairs of central sleeve ear plates 902 are fixedly disposed outside the central sleeve body 901. A central sleeve pin hole 903 is opened on the central sleeve ear plate 902, and a pin is disposed in the central sleeve pin hole 903. The connecting rod 17 is installed in the central sleeve ear plate 902 through the pin.

[0075] In this embodiment, the outer diameter of the central sleeve body 901 is the same as the inner diameter of the pressure ring 13, and the outer diameter of the pressure ring 13 is the same as the inner diameter of the outer cylinder cavity 204 of the support assembly.

[0076] In this embodiment, four sets of central sleeve ear plates 902 are evenly distributed circumferentially on the outer cylindrical surface of the central sleeve body 901, and two sets of central sleeve ear plates 902 are distributed axially; the inner diameter of the through hole 604 of the central sleeve body 901 is equal to the outer diameter of the torsion bar body 501, and the central sleeve body 901 is installed on the torsion bar body 501 and can slide axially.

[0077] As one specific solution in this embodiment, such as Figure 11 As shown, the support block 10 includes a support block body 1001. A support block boss 1002 is integrally provided on the inner side of the support block body 1001. Two pairs of support block ear plates 1003 are provided on the support block body 1001 on the front side of the support block boss 1002. A pair of support block ear plates 1003 are provided on the support block body 1001 on the rear side of the support block boss 1002. A support block pin hole 1004 is provided on the support block ear plate 1003. A pin is provided in the support block pin hole 1004. The connecting rod 17 is installed in the support block ear plate 1003 through the pin.

[0078] In this embodiment, the main body 1001 of the support block is planar on both sides, and the distance between the planar surfaces is slightly smaller than the width of the opening 201 of the outer cylinder of the support assembly. The inner and outer surfaces of the main body 1001 of the support block are both concentric arc-shaped curved surfaces. The outer diameter of the outer surface of the main body 1001 of the support block is equal to the diameter of the hole formed by the arc-angle drill bit 1. The outer surface of the main body 1001 of the support block has a knurled finish to increase the friction with the hole wall. The support block 10 can move simultaneously in the axial and radial directions under the push of the connecting rod 17, realizing the action of extending outward and retracting inward in the opening 201 of the outer cylinder of the support assembly. When the support block 10 retracts inward, the boss 1002 of the support block contacts the torsion bar body 501 to limit its movement.

[0079] As one specific solution in this embodiment, such as Figure 12 As shown, the support ring 11 includes a support ring body 1101, and multiple pairs of support ring ear plates 1102 are fixedly disposed on the outside of the support ring body 1101. Support ring ear plates 1102 have support ring ear plate pin holes 1103, and pins are disposed within the support ring ear plate pin holes 1103. The connecting rod 17 is installed inside the support ring ear plates 1102 via the pins. In this embodiment, the inner diameter of the inner hole of the support ring body 1101 is equal to the outer diameter of the torsion bar body 501.

[0080] The working process of this invention is as follows:

[0081] Step 1: Connect the hard rock drilling speed-up drill bit, drill rod, and water supply device in sequence.

[0082] Step two, perform conventional drilling to form a hole:

[0083] like Figure 3 As shown, in the initial state, the planetary gear 8 is located in the rear cavity 304 of the outer cylinder of the torque transmission assembly and does not contact the gear ring 301; the preload of the front spring 12 in the initial state is F1, and the preload of the rear spring 14 in the initial state is F2; ​​the axial force during normal drilling is F3, F3 < F1 = F2.

[0084] When the drilling pressure (axial force) F3 is transmitted from the drill pipe joint 4 to the planetary gear carrier 7 and planetary gear 8, since the drilling pressure F3 is less than the preload force F1 of the front spring 12 and the preload force F2 of the rear spring 14, the front spring 12 and the rear spring 14 will not contract. The drilling pressure F3 is transmitted to the arc-angle drill bit 1 through the planetary gear support connecting rod 702, the sun gear shaft 6 and the torsion bar 5.

[0085] During normal drilling, the torque is T1. The torque T1 is transmitted from the drill pipe joint 4 to the planetary gear carrier 7 and the planetary gear 8. At this time, the planetary gear 8 meshes with the sun gear shaft 6 and does not contact the gear ring 301. The planetary gear 8 rotates and drives the sun gear shaft 6 and the torsion bar 5 to rotate. The torque T1 is transmitted to the arc-angle drill bit 1 through the sun gear shaft 6 and the torsion bar 5 to carry out rock breaking drilling.

[0086] Step 3: Begin accelerating the drilling process.

[0087] When drilling into a hard rock formation, drilling efficiency decreases significantly. Rotation is stopped, and the drilling pressure is increased to F4, making F4 > F1 = F2. When the axial force F4 is transmitted from the drill pipe joint 4 to the planetary gear carrier 7 and planetary gear 8, because the drilling pressure F4 is greater than the preload of the front spring 12 F1 and the preload of the rear spring 14 F2, the front spring 12 and the rear spring 14 begin to contract. Figure 4 As shown, the rear spring 14 pushes the central sleeve 9 to move forward in the axial direction, which drives the connecting rod 17 to make the four support blocks 10 extend outward in the radial direction at the same time until the support blocks 10 contact the rock of the borehole wall.

[0088] At the same time, such as Figure 4 As shown, the planetary gear carrier 7 and planetary gear 8 move forward along the axial direction. The planetary gear 8 always remains engaged with the sun gear shaft 6. When the planetary gear 8 moves to the gear ring 301, the planetary gear 8 and the gear ring 301 begin to engage. At this time, the drilling rig rotates and increases the torque to T2. The torque T2 is equal to the frictional resistance between the support block 10 and the rock wall of the borehole, so the outer cylinder 2 of the support assembly can remain fixed. The planetary gear 8 rotates and drives the sun gear shaft 6 and the torsion bar 5 to rotate at different speeds. The torque T2 is transmitted to the arc-angle drill bit 1 through the sun gear shaft 6 and the torsion bar 5, thereby increasing the rotational speed of the arc-angle drill bit 1 and thus achieving the purpose of accelerating drilling.

[0089] Step 4: Stop increasing drilling speed.

[0090] like Figure 4 As shown, as the planetary gear carrier 7 moves forward, the planetary gear support connecting rod 702 continuously enters the sun gear shaft cavity 603. When the planetary gear support connecting rod 702 is completely submerged in the sun gear shaft cavity 603, the axial front end face of the planetary gear support shoulder 704 contacts the axial rear end face of the sun gear shaft body 601, transmitting the drilling pressure F4 to the arc-angle drill bit 1.

[0091] During the accelerated drilling process, the frictional resistance between the support block 10 and the borehole wall rock is equal to the axial force F4. The outer cylinder 2 of the support assembly, the support block 10, and the outer cylinder 3 of the torque transmission assembly remain fixed. The drill pipe joint 4 pushes the planetary gear 8, the sun gear shaft 6, the torque transmission rod 5, and the arc-angle drill bit 1 forward a distance L until the axial front end face of the drill pipe joint 4 contacts the axial rear end face of the torque transmission assembly outer cylinder 3. At this point, when the drilling pressure can no longer be transmitted to the drill bit, the accelerated drilling stops.

[0092] In this embodiment, through the processes of steps three and four above, the low speed (150-200 r / min) output by the drill rig rotary head can be increased to 750-1000 r / min (generally 800 r / min) at the bottom of the hole and transmitted to the arc-angle drill bit 1, so that the rock breaking method changes from low-speed plowing to high-speed grinding, and the depth of penetration per revolution can reach 0.01 mm.

[0093] Step 5: After stopping the drilling speed increase, push the drill bit into the hole a distance L, and repeat the operation of Step 3.

[0094] Step Six, Drilling:

[0095] After drilling is completed, the drill bit is lifted, the axial force drops to 0, the front spring 12 resets and pushes the central sleeve 9 to move backward along the axial direction, which drives the connecting rod 17 to make the four support blocks 10 retract radially inward at the same time and disengage from the rock on the borehole wall until the support blocks 10 are completely retracted into the opening 201 of the outer cylinder of the support assembly; finally, the drill bit is lifted out and can be used again.

Claims

1. A drill bit for accelerating hard rock drilling, characterized in that, It includes an arc-angle drill bit (1), a support assembly outer cylinder (2), a torque transmission assembly outer cylinder (3), and a drill rod joint (4) arranged sequentially from front to back. The support assembly outer cylinder (2) and the torque transmission assembly outer cylinder (3) are fixedly connected. The outer cylinder (2) of the support assembly is provided with a torsion rod (5), the arc-angle drill bit (1) is fixedly installed on the axial front end of the torsion rod (5), the axial rear end of the torsion rod (5) is fixedly connected to the axial front part of the sun gear shaft (6), the axial rear part of the sun gear shaft (6) is movably inserted with the axial front end of the planetary gear carrier (7), and the axial rear end of the planetary gear carrier (7) is fixedly installed in the drill pipe joint (4). Multiple planetary gears (8) are fixedly mounted on the planetary gear carrier (7). The multiple planetary gears (8) are evenly distributed around the sun gear shaft (6) along the circumferential direction. The inner side of the planetary gears (8) meshes with the sun gear shaft (6). The sun gear shaft (6), planetary gear carrier (7) and planetary gears (8) are all located inside the outer cylinder (3) of the torque transmission assembly. A gear ring (301) is provided on the inner wall of the outer cylinder (3) of the torque transmission assembly. The gear ring (301) meshes with the outer side of the planetary gears (8). A central sleeve (9) is fitted on the torsion rod (5). The central sleeve (9) is located inside the outer cylinder (2) of the support assembly. The central sleeve (9) can move along the axial direction on the torsion rod (5). Multiple support blocks (10) are hinged on the central sleeve (9). Multiple support assembly outer cylinder openings (201) are opened on the outer cylinder (2) of the support assembly. The support assembly outer cylinder openings (201) correspond one-to-one with the support blocks (10). The support blocks (10) can extend out from the support assembly outer cylinder openings (201). A support ring (11) and a front spring (12) are arranged sequentially from front to back between the torsion rod (5) and the central sleeve (9). The support ring (11) is fixedly installed on the torsion rod (5), and the front spring (12) is sleeved on the outside of the torsion rod (5). The axial front end of the front spring (12) is in contact with the support ring (11), and the axial rear end of the front spring (12) is in contact with the axial front end face of the central sleeve (9). A pressure ring (13) and a rear spring (14) are arranged sequentially from front to back between the central sleeve (9) and the planetary gear (8). The pressure ring (13) is fixedly installed at the axial rear end of the central sleeve (9), and the rear spring (14) is sleeved on the outside of the torsion bar (5). The axial front end of the rear spring (14) is in contact with the pressure ring (13), and the axial rear end of the rear spring (14) is in contact with the axial front end face of the planetary gear (8). A straightening ring (15) is fixedly installed in the axial front part of the outer cylinder (2) of the support component, and the axial rear end of the straightening ring (15) is in contact with the axial front end of the support ring (11). A retaining ring (16) is fixedly installed inside the axial rear end of the outer cylinder (3) of the torque transmission assembly, and the axial rear end face of the retaining ring (16) is in contact with the axial rear end face of the planetary gear support shoulder (704). The outer cylinder (3) of the torque transmission component includes a main body (302) of the outer cylinder of the torque transmission component. A toothed ring (301) is machined inside the main body (302) of the outer cylinder of the torque transmission component. The cavity on the front side of the toothed ring (301) is the front cavity (303) of the outer cylinder of the torque transmission component, and the cavity on the rear side of the toothed ring (301) is the rear cavity (304) of the outer cylinder of the torque transmission component. The torsion rod (5) includes a torsion rod body (501), and a torsion rod limiting block (502) is integrally provided at the axial front end of the torsion rod body (501). The arc-angle drill bit (1) is installed on the torsion rod limiting block (502). The cavity inside the torsion rod (5) is the torsion rod cavity (503). The sun gear shaft (6) includes a sun gear shaft body (601), which meshes with a planetary gear (8); a sun gear shaft connecting shaft (602) is integrally provided at the axial front end of the sun gear shaft body (601), and the sun gear shaft connecting shaft (602) is fixedly installed in the torsion bar (5); the cavity inside the sun gear shaft (6) is the sun gear shaft cavity (603). The planetary gear carrier (7) includes a planetary gear carrier body (701), and a planetary gear carrier connecting rod (702) is integrally provided at the center of the axial front end face of the planetary gear carrier body (701). The planetary gear carrier connecting rod (702) is movably inserted into the sun gear shaft cavity (603). Multiple planetary gear fixing rods (703) are integrally provided on the axial front end face of the planetary gear carrier body (701). The multiple planetary gear fixing rods (703) are evenly distributed around the planetary gear carrier connecting rod (702) along the circumferential direction. A planetary gear (8) is fixedly installed on the axial front end of the planetary gear fixing rod (703). Both the planetary gear carrier body (701) and the planetary gear carrier connecting rod (702) are hollow. The cavity inside the planetary gear carrier body (701) and the planetary gear carrier connecting rod (702) is the planetary gear carrier cavity (705). A planetary gear carrier shoulder (704) is integrally provided at the axial front part of the planetary gear carrier body (701).

2. The hard rock drilling speed-up drill bit as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The outer cylinder of the support component (2) includes a main body (202) of the outer cylinder of the support component. The axial rear end of the main body (202) of the outer cylinder of the support component is integrally provided with a connecting part (203) of the outer cylinder of the support component. Multiple openings (201) of the outer cylinder of the support component are provided on the main body (202) of the outer cylinder of the support component. The cavity inside the outer cylinder of the support component (2) is the outer cylinder cavity (204) of the outer cylinder of the support component.

3. The hard rock drilling speed-up drill bit as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Multiple connecting rods (17) are arranged on the central sleeve (9) and the support ring (11). The inner side of the connecting rod (17) is hinged to the outer side of the central sleeve (9) and the support ring (11), and the outer side of the connecting rod (17) is hinged to the inner side of the support block (10). Each support block (10) is connected to the central sleeve (9) through multiple connecting rods (17).

4. The hard rock drilling speed-up drill bit as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The central sleeve (9) includes a central sleeve body (901), and multiple pairs of central sleeve ear plates (902) are fixedly installed on the outside of the central sleeve body (901). A central sleeve pin hole (903) is opened on the central sleeve ear plate (902), and a pin is provided in the central sleeve pin hole (903). The connecting rod (17) is installed in the central sleeve ear plate (902) through the pin.

5. The hard rock drilling speed-up drill bit as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The support block (10) includes a support block body (1001), and a support block boss (1002) is integrally provided on the inner side of the support block body (1001). Two pairs of support block ear plates (1003) are provided on the support block body (1001) in front of the support block boss (1002), and a pair of support block ear plates (1003) are provided on the support block body (1001) behind the support block boss (1002). A support block pin hole (1004) is provided on the support block ear plate (1003), and a pin is provided in the support block pin hole (1004). The connecting rod (17) is installed in the support block ear plate (1003) through the pin.

6. The hard rock drilling speed-up drill bit as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The support ring (11) includes a support ring body (1101), and multiple pairs of support ring ear plates (1102) are fixedly arranged on the outside of the support ring body (1101). The support ring ear plates (1102) are provided with support ring ear plate pin holes (1103), and a pin is provided in the support ring ear plate pin holes (1103). The connecting rod (17) is installed in the support ring ear plate (1102) through the pin.

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