Active balance type gravity heat pipe and method of use thereof

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of heat dissipation and cooling, and particularly relates to an active balance type gravity heat pipe and a use method thereof, which comprises a condenser, an evaporator and a plurality of liquid storage tanks, the installation height of the condenser is higher than that of the evaporator, and the plurality of liquid storage tanks are located between the condenser and the evaporator; the refrigerant outlets on the condenser are connected with the inlets of the plurality of liquid storage tanks through first liquid down pipes respectively, the outlets of the plurality of liquid storage tanks are connected with the refrigerant inlets on the evaporator through second liquid down pipes respectively, the refrigerant outlets on the evaporator are connected with the refrigerant inlets on the condenser through a gas up pipe, and the gas up pipe is connected with the plurality of liquid storage tanks through bypass pipelines respectively, the active balance type gravity heat pipe and the use method thereof can realize the smooth start of the gravity heat pipe when the indoor and outdoor temperature difference is small by alternately using two liquid storage tanks for liquid storage and liquid supply, and can promote the liquid supply and the refrigerant circulation, and improve the heat exchange / heat dissipation effect.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of heat dissipation cooling, and particularly relates to an active balance type gravity heat pipe and a use method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] The gravity type separate heat pipe, also known as gravity heat pipe, loop heat pipe or thermal siphon, is to discharge heat from indoor to outdoor through natural phase change flow of refrigerant, and to realize gas-liquid circulation in the pipe through pressure difference and gravity return, so that it does not need external power and has lower energy consumption than mechanical refrigeration system. Generally, the gravity type separate heat pipe mainly consists of an evaporator, a condenser and a gas rising pipe (gas pipe) and a liquid falling pipe (liquid pipe) connecting the two sections, and the gas rising and condensate liquid falling pipes are formed in the gravity heat pipe, and the rising gas and the falling liquid flow simultaneously without interference. After absorbing heat, the liquid refrigerant becomes saturated or superheated gas, and the pressure is increased, and then the gas reaches the condenser through the gas rising pipe. The gaseous refrigerant becomes liquid refrigerant after heat release in the condenser, and the liquid refrigerant returns to the evaporator along the liquid falling pipe under the action of gravity, so as to realize continuous heat transfer. Therefore, the condenser of the gravity type separate heat pipe must be higher than the evaporator to ensure that the condensate liquid can return to the evaporator by gravity. In addition, in order to overcome the flow resistance of gas and liquid in the pipe, a certain liquid level difference will be formed between the liquid falling pipe and the liquid surface of the evaporator, such as the liquid column height shown in the figure, which is the minimum height of the evaporator and the condenser to ensure the normal operation of the gravity type separate heat pipe. Figure 1

[0003] In actual operation, the height difference between the condenser and the evaporator has a direct impact on the system performance. When the refrigerant charge, indoor and outdoor temperature difference of the control system are appropriate, the system cycle driving force is small when the height difference of the heat exchanger is small, the refrigerant return is not smooth, the evaporator outlet superheat and the condenser outlet subcooling are large, the two-phase area is small, and the heat transfer performance is poor. With the gradual increase of the height difference of the heat exchanger, the liquid column height of the liquid pipe providing the cycle driving force gradually increases, the refrigerant return is smooth, the evaporator outlet superheat and the condenser outlet subcooling gradually decrease, the two-phase area increases, and the heat transfer performance is enhanced. However, with the further increase of the height difference of the heat exchanger, the liquid column height of the liquid pipe starts to be lower than the height difference of the heat exchanger, and the falling pipe gradually appears "flow interruption" phenomenon, so that the circulation flow and the heat transfer performance will not continue to increase, that is, the performance of the gravity type separate heat pipe will not continue to increase with the increase of the height difference of the heat exchanger, especially in the case of small circulation resistance. Therefore, the driving force of the gravity heat pipe circulation is proportional to the liquid column height of the liquid pipe, not the height difference of the heat exchanger, and the height difference of the heat exchanger is only the upper limit of the liquid column height of the liquid pipe.

[0004] ​For the indoor temperature constant gravity type separate heat pipe, the outdoor temperature decreases means that the indoor and outdoor temperature difference increases, specifically, the indoor and outdoor temperature difference on the system performance is shown in Figure 2 Figure 2 It can be obtained that: control the refrigerant charge, heat exchanger height difference is appropriate, gravity type separate heat pipe heat transfer capacity increases with the indoor and outdoor temperature difference basically linearly, but with the indoor and outdoor temperature difference further increases, the heat transfer capacity increases slowly, which is related to the gradually reduced amount of liquid refrigerant in the evaporator, the condenser liquid level increases, the superheat and subcooling increases. In actual use, especially need to pay attention to: when the indoor and outdoor temperature difference is very small, the evaporator outlet superheat of gravity type separate heat pipe system is very small, almost all liquid or two-phase state refrigerant, at the same time, the condenser internal refrigerant almost has no subcooling, the evaporation side heat transfer performance is poor, at this time, the gravity type separate heat pipe system is almost impossible to start, how to alleviate the problem of gravity type separate heat pipe system in the indoor and outdoor temperature difference is very small, difficult to start is one of the problems that trouble the technical personnel in the field.

[0005] In addition, in the prior art, for the gravity type separate heat pipe system, when it is needed to be combined with the vapor compression refrigeration system, a liquid accumulator is considered to be added after the condenser, as shown in Figure 3 At this time, the system refrigerant charge, heat exchanger height difference, indoor and outdoor temperature difference is appropriate, when the liquid accumulator position is very low, the performance of the gravity type separate heat pipe is very poor, because the liquid accumulator position is very low, the corresponding liquid column height of the liquid pipe is very low, which leads to insufficient circulating driving force, poor liquid return, and increased evaporator superheat. When the liquid accumulator position is relatively high, the performance of the gravity type separate heat pipe cycle is good. However, the system increases the liquid column height of the liquid pipe, which makes the evaporation temperature higher, causing the small temperature difference gravity type separate heat pipe to be difficult to start. Because the liquid accumulator is added, the liquid column self-adaptive adjustment function is destroyed, at this time, if the liquid accumulator installation position is too high and the indoor and outdoor temperature difference is small, the liquid column height is too large and it is difficult to start; if the liquid accumulator installation position is too low and the indoor and outdoor temperature difference is large, the liquid column height is too low and the driving force is insufficient, the performance is limited.

[0006] Under this background, solving the problem of small temperature difference gravity type separate heat pipe difficult to start is one of the technical problems that the technical personnel in the field urgently need to solve. SUMMARY

[0007] The purpose of the present application is to solve the above technical problems, provide an active balance type gravity heat pipe and its use method, realize the smooth start and high efficiency heat dissipation of the small temperature difference gravity type separate heat pipe.

[0008] Therefore, the present application provides an active balance type gravity heat pipe, comprising:

[0009] ​A condenser, an evaporator and a plurality of liquid storage tanks, the condenser is installed higher than the evaporator, the liquid storage tanks are installed between the condenser and the evaporator;

[0010] Wherein, the refrigerant outlet of the condenser is connected with the inlet of the liquid storage tanks through the first liquid downcomer, the outlet of the liquid storage tanks is connected with the inlet of the evaporator through the second liquid downcomer, the refrigerant outlet of the evaporator is connected with the refrigerant inlet of the condenser through the gas upcomer, and the gas upcomer is connected with the liquid storage tanks through the bypass pipeline.

[0011] Further, the number of the liquid storage tanks is two, which are liquid storage tank one and liquid storage tank two, and the liquid storage tank one and the liquid storage tank two are connected in parallel between the first liquid downcomer and the second liquid downcomer.

[0012] Further, the installation height of the liquid storage tank one and the liquid storage tank two is consistent.

[0013] Further, in the initial state, the liquid level of the liquid storage tank one is higher, the liquid level of the liquid storage tank two is lower, and the liquid column height between the liquid storage tank one and the evaporator is higher than the minimum liquid column height required for starting the active balance type gravity heat pipe.

[0014] Further, the gas upcomer is connected with the liquid storage tank one through the first balance pipe, and the gas upcomer is connected with the liquid storage tank two through the second balance pipe.

[0015] Further, the inlet valve one is arranged at the inlet of the liquid storage tank one, and the outlet valve one is arranged at the outlet of the liquid storage tank one; the inlet valve two is arranged at the inlet of the liquid storage tank two, and the outlet valve two is arranged at the outlet of the liquid storage tank two.

[0016] Further, the first balance pipe is connected with the inlet of the liquid storage tank one, and the connection point is located between the inlet valve one and the liquid storage tank one; the second balance pipe is connected with the inlet of the liquid storage tank two, and the connection point is located between the inlet valve two and the liquid storage tank two.

[0017] Further, the first balance valve is arranged on the first balance pipe, and the second balance valve is arranged on the second balance pipe.

[0018] A use method of an active balance type gravity heat pipe, the use method is used for the active balance type gravity heat pipe, and the use method comprises the following steps:

[0019] S1, detecting the ambient temperature Tambient and the user heat dissipation end temperature Tdissipation end before the active balance type gravity heat pipe starts, and then obtaining the ambient temperature and the user heat dissipation end temperature difference AT through calculation, wherein AT = Tdissipation end - Tambient;

[0020] S2, comparing AT obtained in step S1 with a preset threshold value Tthreshold, if AT > Tthreshold, it is considered that the temperature difference between the ambient temperature Tambient and the user heat dissipation end temperature Tdissipation end is suitable, the gravity heat pipe can be started normally, and the active balance type gravity heat pipe enters the normal starting mode described in step S3; if AT ≤ Tthreshold, it is considered that the temperature difference between the ambient temperature Tambient and the user heat dissipation end temperature Tdissipation end is small, the gravity heat pipe is difficult to start, and the active balance type gravity heat pipe enters the active balance starting mode described in step S4;

[0021] S3, in the normal starting mode, the inlet valve one and the outlet valve one are opened, and the remaining valves are closed, the effective components in the system are the evaporator, the condenser and the liquid storage tank one, the refrigerant in the gravity heat pipe enters the inlet of the condenser in a gaseous state, the condensed liquid refrigerant flows out of the outlet of the condenser, flows into the liquid storage tank one through the first liquid descending pipe and the inlet valve one, and then flows out of the outlet of the liquid storage tank one through the outlet valve one, and then enters the inlet of the evaporator through the second liquid descending pipe, the refrigerant heated by the evaporator flows out of the outlet of the evaporator, and finally flows into the inlet of the condenser through the gas ascending pipe, to complete a working cycle;

[0022] S4, in the active balance starting mode, in the initial state, the liquid level of the liquid storage tank one is high, and the liquid level of the liquid storage tank two is low, the first balance valve is opened, the second balance valve is closed, the inlet valve one is closed, the outlet valve one is opened, the inlet valve two is opened, and the outlet valve two is closed, at this time, the gas pressure of the liquid storage tank one and the evaporator is balanced, the gas pressure of the liquid storage tank two and the condenser is balanced, the refrigerant from the outlet of the evaporator enters the condenser in a gaseous state, is condensed in the condenser, and enters the liquid storage tank two in a liquid state to realize liquid storage, and the other part enters the liquid storage tank one through the first balance valve to balance the gas pressure of the liquid storage tank one and the evaporator, at the same time, the liquid refrigerant in the liquid storage tank one enters the evaporator to evaporate and realize heat dissipation under the action of gravity; when the liquid refrigerant in the liquid storage tank one is insufficient, the functions of the liquid storage tank one and the liquid storage tank two are exchanged through valve switching, the liquid storage tank one stores liquid, the liquid storage tank two supplies liquid, and the cycle is repeated to complete the cycle.

[0023] Further, in the step S1, the temperature of the condenser can be measured and taken as the ambient temperature T 环境 ; and the temperature of the evaporator can be measured and taken as the user heat dissipation end temperature T 散热端 .

[0024] The active balance type gravity heat pipe and the use method thereof provided by the application can provide sufficient driving force for starting of the gravity heat pipe by setting two liquid storage tanks and alternately using the two liquid storage tanks for liquid storage and liquid supply, and keeping the liquid level in the liquid supply tank higher, so as to realize smooth starting of the gravity heat pipe when the indoor and outdoor temperature difference is small. Meanwhile, the two balance pipes connected between the gas rising pipe and the first liquid descending pipe realize pressure balance between the liquid storage tank and the evaporator during liquid supply, promote liquid supply and refrigerant circulation, and improve heat exchange / heat dissipation effect. In addition, the active balance type gravity heat pipe and the use method thereof provided by the application can be obtained by simple modification of the existing gravity heat pipe by adding liquid storage tanks and balance pipes, and have the advantages of low cost, simple structure and easy realization. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a traditional gravity heat pipe;

[0026] Figure 2 is an influence of indoor and outdoor temperature difference on performance of a gravity type separated heat pipe;

[0027] Figure 3 is a structural schematic diagram of an existing gravity heat pipe with a liquid storage tank;

[0028] Figure 4 is a structural schematic diagram of the active balance type gravity heat pipe provided by the application;

[0029] The marks in the figure are as follows:

[0030] 1, condenser; 2, first liquid descending pipe; 3, second liquid descending pipe; 4, evaporator; 5, gas rising pipe; 6, liquid storage tank; 6a, liquid storage tank one; 6b, liquid storage tank two; 7, first balance pipe; 701, first balance valve; 8, second balance pipe; 801, second balance valve; 9, control valve; 901, inlet valve one; 902, outlet valve one; 903, inlet valve two; 904, outlet valve two. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the application will be clearly described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the application, rather than all the embodiments of the application. Based on the embodiments in the application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art belong to the scope of protection of the application.

[0032] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms used herein are merely for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present application. For the purpose of description, the dimensions of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn in proportion to the actual proportions. The techniques, methods and devices known to those skilled in the relevant art can not be discussed in detail, but should be considered as part of the authorized description. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific value should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as a limitation. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments can have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters represent similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further discussed in subsequent drawings.

[0033] It should be noted that the terms "one", "two", etc. in the specification and claims of the present application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not intended to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchanged under appropriate circumstances, so that the embodiments of the present application can be implemented in an order other than that illustrated or described herein, and the objects distinguished by "one", "two", etc. are generally a class and do not limit the number of objects, for example, the first object can be one or more. In addition, the specification and claims "and / or" indicate at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / ", generally indicates that the associated objects before and after are in an "or" relationship.

[0034] It should be noted that in the description of the present application, the orientation or position relationship indicated by the terms such as "front, rear, upper, lower, left, right", "horizontal, vertical, perpendicular, horizontal" and "top, bottom" is generally based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, only for the purpose of describing the present application and simplifying the description, without the opposite indication, these orientation terms do not indicate and imply that the indicated device or element must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, therefore, it cannot be understood as a limitation on the scope of protection of the present application; the orientation terms "inner, outer" refer to the inner and outer relative to the contour of each component.

[0035] It should be noted that in this application, the terms "comprising", "including", or any other variant thereof are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that processes, methods, articles, or apparatuses that comprise a list of elements are not limited to those elements, but can also include other elements not expressly listed, or can also include elements inherent in such processes, methods, articles, or apparatuses. Without further limitation, the element defined by the statement "comprising a" does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes the element. In addition, it should be pointed out that the scope of the methods and apparatuses in the embodiments of the present application is not limited to performing functions in the order shown or discussed, but can also include performing functions in a substantially simultaneous manner or in reverse order, for example, the described method can be performed in an order different from that described, and various steps can also be added, omitted, or combined. In addition, the features described with reference to certain examples can be combined in other examples.

[0036] As shown in FIG. 1, an active balance type gravity heat pipe comprises: Figure 4

[0037] a condenser 1, an evaporator 4, and a plurality of liquid storage tanks 6, wherein the installation height of the condenser 1 is higher than that of the evaporator 4, and the installation height of the plurality of liquid storage tanks 6 is between the condenser 1 and the evaporator 4;

[0038] wherein the refrigerant outlet of the condenser 1 is connected to the inlet of the plurality of liquid storage tanks 6 through a first liquid downcomer 2, the outlet of the plurality of liquid storage tanks 6 is connected to the refrigerant inlet of the evaporator 4 through a second liquid downcomer 3, the refrigerant outlet of the evaporator 4 is connected to the refrigerant inlet of the condenser 1 through a gas upcomer 5, and the gas upcomer 5 is connected to the plurality of liquid storage tanks 6 through bypass pipelines.

[0039] Preferably, the number of the liquid storage tanks 6 is two, which are a first liquid storage tank 6a and a second liquid storage tank 6b, and the first liquid storage tank 6a and the second liquid storage tank 6b are connected in parallel between the first liquid downcomer 2 and the second liquid downcomer 3.

[0040] More preferably, the installation heights of the first liquid storage tank 6a and the second liquid storage tank 6b are consistent.

[0041] Further, in the initial state, the liquid level heights of the first liquid storage tank 6a and the second liquid storage tank 6b in the active balance type gravity heat pipe are not equal, one of the liquid storage tanks 6, such as the first liquid storage tank 6a, has a higher liquid level height, and the other liquid storage tank 6, such as the second liquid storage tank 6b, has a lower liquid level height.

[0042] ​Preferably, the liquid column height between the liquid tank 6a and the evaporator 4 in the initial state is higher than the minimum liquid column height required for starting the active balance type gravity heat pipe.

[0043] Further, the gas rising pipe 5 is connected with the liquid tank 1 6a through the first balance pipe 7, and connected with the liquid tank 2 6b through the second balance pipe 8.

[0044] Further, control valves 9 are arranged at the inlet and outlet of the liquid tank 6 respectively to control the opening and closing states of the inlet and outlet of the liquid tank 6.

[0045] Specifically, an inlet valve 1 901 is arranged at the inlet of the liquid tank 1 6a, and an outlet valve 1 902 is arranged at the outlet of the liquid tank 1 6a; similarly, an inlet valve 2 903 is arranged at the inlet of the liquid tank 2 6b, and an outlet valve 2 904 is arranged at the outlet of the liquid tank 2 6b.

[0046] Preferably, the first balance pipe 7 is connected with the inlet of the liquid tank 1 6a, and the connection point is between the inlet valve 1 901 and the liquid tank 1 6a; the second balance pipe 8 is connected with the inlet of the liquid tank 2 6b, and the connection point is between the inlet valve 2 903 and the liquid tank 2 6b.

[0047] Further, a first balance valve 701 is arranged on the first balance pipe 7; similarly, a second balance valve 801 is arranged on the second balance pipe 8, and the first balance valve 701 and the second balance valve 801 are used to control the opening and closing of the first balance pipe 7 and the second balance pipe 8; when the first balance valve 701 and the second balance valve 801 are in the open state, the first balance pipe 7 and the second balance pipe 8 can transport part of the gaseous refrigerant in the gas rising pipe 5 to the liquid tank 1 6a or the liquid tank 2 6b.

[0048] In addition, the application also provides a use method of the active balance type gravity heat pipe, which is used for the above-mentioned active balance type gravity heat pipe, and the use method comprises the following steps:

[0049] S1, detecting the ambient temperature T 环境 and the user heat dissipation end temperature T 散热端 before starting the active balance type gravity heat pipe, and then obtaining the ambient temperature and the user heat dissipation end temperature difference AT through calculation, wherein AT = T 散热端 -T 环境；

[0050] S2, comparing AT obtained in step S1 with a preset threshold value T 阈值 ; if AT > T 阈值 , it is considered that the ambient temperature T 环境and the temperature difference between the user heat dissipation end temperature T 散热端 , the active balance type gravity heat pipe enters the normal starting mode described in step S3; if ΔT≤T 阈值 , it is considered that the temperature difference between the environment temperature T 环境 and the user heat dissipation end temperature T 散热端 is too small, and the gravity heat pipe is difficult to start, and the active balance type gravity heat pipe enters the active balance starting mode described in step S4.

[0051] S3, in the normal starting mode, only one liquid storage tank 6 participates in the circulation, and the liquid supply and storage are performed through one liquid storage tank 6; taking the liquid storage tank one 6a as an example, the circulation heat dissipation process is described in detail:

[0052] First, the inlet valve one 901 and the outlet valve one 902 are opened, and the remaining valves are closed, and the gravity heat pipe system is normally operated, at this time, the effective components in the system are the evaporator 4, the condenser 1 and the liquid storage tank one 6a, and the refrigerant in the gravity heat pipe enters the left side of the inlet of the condenser 1 in a gaseous state, the condensed liquid refrigerant flows out from the right side of the outlet of the condenser 1, flows into the liquid storage tank one 6a through the first liquid descending pipe 2 and the inlet valve one 901, then flows out from the outlet of the liquid storage tank one 6a through the outlet valve one 902, and then enters the right side of the inlet of the evaporator 4 through the second liquid descending pipe 3, the refrigerant is heated by the evaporator 4, flows out from the left side of the outlet of the evaporator 4, and finally flows into the left side of the inlet of the condenser 1 through the gas ascending pipe 5, to complete one working cycle; Figure 4 Figure 4 Figure 4 Figure 4 Figure 4

[0053] S4, in the active balance starting mode, both liquid storage tanks 6 participate in the circulation, wherein the liquid storage tank 6 with a higher liquid level supplies liquid to the evaporator 4, and the liquid storage tank 6 with a lower liquid level stores the liquid refrigerant from the condenser 1; taking the liquid storage tank one 6a with a higher liquid level and the liquid storage tank two 6b with a lower liquid level as an example, the circulation heat dissipation process is described in detail:

[0054] ​​​​​In the initial state, the liquid level of the first liquid storage tank 6a is higher, the liquid level of the second liquid storage tank 6b is lower, the first balance valve 701 is opened, the second balance valve 801 is closed, the inlet valve 901 is closed, the outlet valve 902 is opened, the inlet valve 903 is opened, and the outlet valve 904 is closed. At this time, the first liquid storage tank 6a is in pressure balance with the evaporator 4, and the second liquid storage tank 6b is in pressure balance with the condenser 1. The refrigerant in the evaporator 4 is partly condensed in the condenser 1 and then enters the second liquid storage tank 6b in liquid form to realize liquid storage, and the other part enters the first liquid storage tank 6a through the first balance valve 701 to realize the pressure balance between the first liquid storage tank 6a and the evaporator 4. At the same time, the liquid refrigerant in the first liquid storage tank 6a enters the evaporator 4 under the action of gravity and evaporates to realize heat dissipation. When the liquid refrigerant in the first liquid storage tank 6a is less, the functions of the first liquid storage tank 6a and the second liquid storage tank 6b are exchanged by valve switching. At this time, the first balance valve 701 is closed, the second balance valve 801 is opened, the inlet valve 901 is opened, the outlet valve 902 is closed, the inlet valve 903 is closed, and the outlet valve 904 is opened. At this time, the second liquid storage tank 6b is in pressure balance with the evaporator 4, and the first liquid storage tank 6a is in pressure balance with the condenser 1. The liquid in the first liquid storage tank 6a is stored, and the liquid in the second liquid storage tank 6b is supplied. The above process is repeated to complete the cycle.

[0055] Preferably, in the step S1, the temperature of the condenser 1 is measured and taken as the ambient temperature T 环境 ; the temperature of the evaporator 4 is measured and taken as the user heat dissipation end temperature T 散热端 .

[0056] Preferably, in the step S4, 60-90% of the gaseous refrigerant discharged from the outlet of the evaporator 4 is introduced into the condenser 1 to be condensed, and the remaining gaseous refrigerant enters the liquid storage tank 6 to realize the pressure balance between the evaporator 4 and the liquid storage tank 6.

[0057] Further, in use, the liquid levels in the first liquid storage tank 6a and the second liquid storage tank 6b can be detected by load sensors or liquid level meters, respectively, and the functions of the first liquid storage tank 6a and the second liquid storage tank 6b can be automatically exchanged according to the detection results.

[0058] The active balanced gravity heat pipe and its use method described in the present invention are provided with two liquid storage tanks. During use, the two liquid storage tanks are alternately used for liquid storage and liquid supply, respectively. The liquid level in the liquid supply storage tank is always kept high, which can provide sufficient driving force for the start-up of the gravity heat pipe and achieve smooth start-up of the gravity heat pipe. At the same time, two balancing tubes connected between the gas riser and the first liquid descender are used to achieve gas pressure balance between the liquid storage tank and the evaporator during liquid supply, promote the circulation of liquid supply and refrigerant, and improve the heat exchange / heat dissipation effect. In addition, the active balanced gravity heat pipe and its use method described in the present application can be simply modified on the basis of existing gravity heat pipes by adding liquid storage tanks and balancing tubes, and has the advantages of low cost, simple structure, and easy implementation.

[0059] The embodiments of the present application are described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Unless there is a conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other. The present application is not limited to the above-mentioned specific implementation methods. The above-mentioned specific implementation methods are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Under the guidance of this application, ordinary technicians in this field can also make many forms without departing from the purpose of this application and the scope of protection of the claims, all of which are within the protection of this application.

Claims

1. An active balancing gravity heat pipe, characterized by, It comprises: a condenser (1), an evaporator (4) and two liquid storage tanks (6), the installation height of the condenser (1) is higher than that of the evaporator (4), and the installation height of the two liquid storage tanks (6) is between the condenser (1) and the evaporator (4); wherein the refrigerant outlet of the condenser (1) is connected with the inlet of the two liquid storage tanks (6) through a first liquid downcomer (2), the outlet of the two liquid storage tanks (6) is connected with the refrigerant inlet of the evaporator (4) through a second liquid downcomer (3), and the refrigerant outlet of the evaporator (4) is connected with the refrigerant inlet of the condenser (1) through a gas upcomer (5), and the gas upcomer (5) is connected with the two liquid storage tanks (6) through bypass pipelines; wherein the two liquid storage tanks (6) are a first liquid storage tank (6a) and a second liquid storage tank (6b), and the first liquid storage tank (6a) and the second liquid storage tank (6b) are connected in parallel between the first liquid downcomer (2) and the second liquid downcomer (3); Before the active balance type gravity heat pipe starts, the ambient temperature T 环境 and the user heat dissipation end temperature T 散热端 are detected, and then the ambient temperature and the user heat dissipation end temperature difference ΔT is obtained by calculation, wherein ΔT=T 散热端 -T 环境 ; If ΔT≤T 阈值 , both liquid tanks (6) participate in the cycle, wherein the liquid tank (6) with higher liquid level supplies liquid to the evaporator (4), and the liquid tank (6) with lower liquid level stores liquid refrigerant from the condenser (1); in use, the two liquid storage tanks are used alternately for liquid storage and liquid supply, and the liquid level in the liquid storage tank for liquid supply is always kept higher.

2. The active balancing gravity heat pipe according to claim 1, wherein, The installation height of the first liquid storage tank (6a) and the second liquid storage tank (6b) is consistent.

3. The active balance type gravity heat pipe according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by In the initial state, the liquid level of the first liquid storage tank (6a) is higher, the liquid level of the second liquid storage tank (6b) is lower, and the liquid column height between the first liquid storage tank (6a) and the evaporator (4) is higher than the minimum liquid column height required for starting the active balance type gravity heat pipe.

4. The active balancing gravity heat pipe according to claim 1, wherein, The gas upcomer (5) is connected with the first liquid storage tank (6a) through a first balance pipe (7), and connected with the second liquid storage tank (6b) through a second balance pipe (8).

5. The active balancing gravity heat pipe according to claim 4, wherein, An inlet valve (901) is arranged at the inlet of the first liquid storage tank (6a), and an outlet valve (902) is arranged at the outlet of the first liquid storage tank (6a); an inlet valve (903) is arranged at the inlet of the second liquid storage tank (6b), and an outlet valve (904) is arranged at the outlet of the second liquid storage tank (6b).

6. The active balancing gravity heat pipe according to claim 5, wherein, The first balance pipe (7) is connected with the inlet of the first liquid storage tank (6a), and the connection point is between the inlet valve (901) and the first liquid storage tank (6a); the second balance pipe (8) is connected with the inlet of the second liquid storage tank (6b), and the connection point is between the inlet valve (903) and the second liquid storage tank (6b).

7. The active balancing gravity heat pipe according to claim 4, wherein, A first balance valve (701) is arranged on the first balance pipe (7), and a second balance valve (801) is arranged on the second balance pipe (8).

8. A method of using an active balance type gravity heat pipe, characterized by, The use method is used for the active balance type gravity heat pipe in any one of claims 1-7, and the use method comprises the following steps: S1, detecting ambient temperature T before starting the active balance type gravity heat pipe 环境 and user heat dissipation end temperature T 散热端 , then calculating the difference between ambient temperature and user heat dissipation end temperature ΔT, wherein ΔT=T 散热端 -T 环境； S2, compare the △T obtained in step S1 with a preset threshold T 阈值 If the △T>T 阈值 , it is considered that the temperature difference between the ambient temperature T 环境 and the user heat dissipation end temperature T 散热端 is appropriate, and the gravity heat pipe can be normally started, and the active balance type gravity heat pipe enters the normal starting mode described in step S3; if the △T≤T 阈值 , it is considered that the temperature difference between the ambient temperature T 环境 and the user heat dissipation end temperature T 散热端 is small, and the gravity heat pipe is difficult to start, and the active balance type gravity heat pipe enters the active balance starting mode described in step S4. S3, in the normal start mode, the inlet valve one and the outlet valve one are opened, the rest of the valves are closed, the effective components in the system are the evaporator, the condenser, the liquid tank one, the refrigerant in the gravity heat pipe enters the inlet of the condenser in the gaseous state, the condensed liquid refrigerant flows out of the outlet of the condenser, flows into the liquid tank one through the first liquid downcomer and the inlet valve one, then flows out of the outlet of the liquid tank one through the outlet valve one, and then enters the inlet of the evaporator through the second liquid downcomer, the refrigerant heated by the evaporator flows out of the outlet of the evaporator, and finally flows into the inlet of the condenser through the gas upcomer, completing a working cycle; S4, in the active balance start mode, in the initial state, the liquid level of the liquid tank one is higher, and the liquid level of the liquid tank two is lower, the first balance valve is opened, the second balance valve is closed, the inlet valve one is closed, the outlet valve one is opened, the inlet valve two is opened, and the outlet valve two is closed, at this time, the gas pressure of the liquid tank one and the evaporator is balanced, the gas pressure of the liquid tank two and the condenser is balanced, the refrigerant from the outlet of the evaporator starts to enter the condenser in the gaseous state, and then enters the liquid tank two in the liquid state to realize liquid storage, the other part enters the liquid tank one through the first balance valve to realize the gas pressure balance between the liquid tank one and the evaporator, at the same time, the liquid refrigerant in the liquid tank one enters the evaporator to evaporate under the action of gravity, realizing heat dissipation; when the liquid refrigerant in the liquid tank one is less, the functions of the liquid tank one and the liquid tank two are exchanged through valve switching, the liquid is stored in the liquid tank one and supplied in the liquid tank two, and the cycle is repeated to complete the cycle.

9. The method of using an active balancing gravity heat pipe according to claim 8, wherein, In said step S1, the temperature of the condenser is measured and taken as the ambient temperature T 环境 ; the temperature of the evaporator is measured and taken as the user heat sink temperature T 散热端 .

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