An underwater terrain scanning system for wind farms

Abstract

The present invention discloses an underwater terrain scanning system for a wind farm, which relates to the technical field of landform monitoring, and is used to overcome the problems of poor spatial continuity and poor dynamic performance of underwater terrain scanning imaging of wind farms. The present invention mainly reduces the hysteresis of terrain scanning imaging, improves the reliability of long-term monitoring of underwater terrain scanning imaging, improves the contour continuity of a stereo image obtained by terrain scanning, improves the stereoscopic and authenticity of underwater terrain scanning imaging, and improves the dynamic performance of underwater terrain scanning imaging by setting a sensor bracket shaft, a fiber optic detection component, a strain vibrating string, a grating sensor core, and a first signal module. The system improves the contour verification of the scouring state within the monitoring range of the wind farm pile foundation and the accuracy of terrain prediction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of landform monitoring, and in particular to an underwater terrain scanning system for a wind farm. Background Art

[0002] Offshore wind farms are an industry that uses offshore wind mechanical energy to generate electricity using wind turbines installed on pile foundation towers set on the seabed. They play an important role in the acquisition of clean energy. The column of the pile foundation tower fixed on the seabed needs to maintain good stability to support the long-term operation of the wind turbine. When the pile foundation of an offshore wind farm tilts or shifts, it is easily affected by the marine environment and the damage to the fixed installation state is aggravated. In the terrain scanning and monitoring work of the pile foundation position of an offshore wind farm on the seabed, monitoring devices equipped with underwater vehicles or buoys are usually used to take underwater photos and images of the seabed terrain at the pile foundation. Under normal circumstances, the silt of the seabed terrain at the wind farm pile foundation is often washed away by the ocean current and gathered or lost, thereby gradually exposing the pile foundation. The water scouring mode that damages the terrain at the wind farm pile foundation is mainly the scouring of the horseshoe-shaped vortex system formed by the vertical water flow velocity difference on the seabed and the flow resistance of the pile foundation, as well as the scouring of the descending impact water flow directly pointing to the seabed surface at the pile foundation. It is difficult for existing underwater terrain scanning equipment to accurately monitor the scouring status of the terrain at the wind farm pile foundation.

[0003] In the existing wind farm seabed terrain scanning methods, optical imaging systems and sonars installed on aircraft or fixed-point wind turbine pile foundations are used to monitor and scan the wind farm underwater terrain information. Common underwater terrain scanning imaging methods also include multi-beam measurement, single-beam measurement and other terrain scanning methods. When scanning the underwater terrain of a wind farm in various existing ways, since most of these terrain scanning methods use wireless transmission signals, the scanning imaging is easily interfered by seawater and the biological and non-biological environments in the water, resulting in a huge deviation between the actual state of the underwater terrain information of the wind farm obtained. At the same time, the types of equipment required for these methods are complicated, and the investment and maintenance costs are extremely high, making it difficult to meet the requirements of long-term and effective underwater terrain monitoring.

[0004] For example, the U.S. invention patent US10914855B2 discloses a geomorphic structure monitoring system. In this invention patent, a sensor for detecting scour exposure status is arranged in a vertically arranged channel to detect the scour status of the terrain, and the vibration of the sensor position drives the magnet at the detection position to vibrate, so as to detect the scour exposure status through the induced current generated by the change of magnetic flux; in this technical solution, the magnet feedback for exposure position detection may be affected by erroneous vibration signals or electromagnetic fields, which may result in distortion of the detection of scour exposure depth, and the terrain scanning imaging may be relatively passive and unstable.

[0005] In the prior art, for example, Korean invention patent KR101489903B1 discloses a device for measuring seabed changes. This invention patent monitors the vertical scour exposure state of the terrain by arranging a laser monitoring group in a fixed monitoring tube, and obtains a relatively complete terrain image by rotating and changing the scanning direction of the ranging laser. In this technical solution, the scanning imaging of the underwater terrain relies on the ranging laser to detect the contour of the scour exposure. The scanning imaging of the terrain structure may be easily affected by changes in the inclination angle, changes in the underwater laser propagation state, and large damping of the change-of-direction detection. It may be easy to cause terrain scanning imaging distortion, hysteresis, and unstable imaging. Summary of the invention

[0006] The object of the present invention is to provide a wind farm underwater terrain scanning system to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art such as poor spatial continuity of wind farm underwater terrain scanning imaging and poor dynamic performance of scanning imaging.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention specifically provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] A wind farm underwater terrain scanning system, comprising a fiber optic sensing mechanism arranged in a ring, the fiber optic sensing mechanism being arranged in a ring around an axis perpendicular to the surface plane, the fiber optic sensing mechanism comprising a sensing support shaft, a group of evenly distributed partition plates being fixedly connected in the length direction of the sensing support shaft, a first signal module and a transmission module being fixedly connected to the sensing support shaft, a strain vibrating string being fixedly connected in the partition plate, a grating sensing fiber core being arranged in the strain vibrating string, and a fiber optic detection member being fixedly connected in the partition plate;

[0009] By arranging the sensing bracket shaft, the optical fiber detection element, the strain vibrating wire, the grating sensing fiber core and the first signal module, the transmission distance of the terrain scanning signal is reduced, the hysteresis of the terrain scanning imaging is reduced, and the reliability of the long-term monitoring of the underwater terrain scanning imaging is improved;

[0010] Improves the continuity of the contours of the stereo images obtained by terrain scanning, and improves the stereoscopic and authenticity of underwater terrain scanning imaging;

[0011] It can monitor and warn the scouring status of wind farm pile foundation in time, and improve the dynamic performance of underwater terrain scanning imaging.

[0012] Wind farm foundation piles are arranged within a range surrounded by the circularly arranged optical fiber sensing mechanism, and an axis around which the optical fiber sensing mechanism surrounds is parallel to the axis of the wind farm foundation piles.

[0013] Preferably, a contact ball is provided between two adjacent partition plates, and the strain vibrating wire is fixedly connected to the contact ball; thereby improving the accuracy of terrain scanning image verification and the accuracy of dynamic prediction.

[0014] Preferably, a group of annular evenly distributed flow measuring brackets are fixedly connected to the contact ball, the flow measuring brackets are capable of sliding and bending, the other end of the flow measuring bracket is slidably connected to a sensing tube, the other end of the sensing tube is fixedly connected to the flow measuring bracket, and the flow measuring bracket is fixedly connected to the shaft of the sensing bracket;

[0015] By setting a contact ball, a sensor tube, a flow measuring bracket and a flow measuring rack, the accuracy of contour verification and terrain prediction of the scour state within the monitoring range at the wind farm pile foundation is improved.

[0016] Preferably, a flow measuring chamber is provided in the sensing tube, an induction coil is provided in the side wall of the flow measuring chamber, a flow measuring bracket is slidably connected in the flow measuring chamber, and a magnetic field component is provided at one end of the flow measuring bracket facing the sensing tube;

[0017] By setting up a contact ball, a sensor tube, a flow measuring bracket and a flow measuring frame, it is possible to detect the distribution difference of the signal of the flow measuring bracket sliding in the sensor tube driven by gravity, thereby judging the simple tilt state of the optical fiber sensing mechanism, facilitating timely correction of the offset of the sensor bracket axis and improving the accuracy of underwater terrain scanning imaging.

[0018] Preferably, a distribution mechanism is provided within the range surrounded by the annularly arranged optical fiber sensing mechanism, the distribution mechanism comprises a distributed vibration measuring tube, a distribution installation cavity is provided in the distributed vibration measuring tube, a flow hole is provided in the side wall of the distributed installation cavity, a second signal module is fixedly connected to the distributed vibration measuring tube, a distribution isolation plate evenly distributed along the axis of the length direction of the distributed vibration measuring tube is fixedly connected in the distributed installation cavity, an optical fiber detection member is fixedly connected in the distribution isolation plate, the strain vibration string of the same structure is fixedly connected in the optical fiber detection member, a grating sensing fiber core of the same structure is provided in the strain vibration string, and the optical fiber detection member detects the strain signal of the grating sensing fiber core;

[0019] By setting up distributed vibration measuring tubes, distributed isolation plates, optical fiber detection components, strain vibrating strings, grating sensor cores, flow holes and a second signal module, the terrain scanning images within the monitoring range can be further enriched and verified, the three-dimensionality and authenticity of the terrain image scanning can be improved, the accuracy of change prediction of the terrain scanning image can be further improved, and the dynamic performance of terrain scanning imaging can be improved.

[0020] Preferably, the grating sensing fiber core and the strain vibrating wire can slide relatively in the axial direction of the grating sensing fiber core, and the grating sensing fiber core is slidably connected in the optical fiber detection component;

[0021] By setting up grating sensing fiber cores, strain vibrating strings, grating sensing fiber cores and optical fiber detection components, it is convenient to enrich and verify the local water flow direction within the terrain scanning monitoring range, and further improve the accuracy and dynamic performance of terrain scanning imaging.

[0022] Preferably, a group of identical distribution mechanisms are provided in the direction of the axis around which the optical fiber sensing mechanism is surrounded in a ring shape, and the distribution mechanisms are equidistantly distributed in the direction of the axis around which the optical fiber sensing mechanism is surrounded in a ring shape, and the axis around which the distribution vibration measuring tube is arranged in the length direction coincides with the axis around which the optical fiber sensing mechanism is arranged in a ring shape; thereby reducing the possibility of scanning omissions of narrow gully terrain caused by erosion of sediment by water flow, and improving the early warning capability and timeliness of early warning scanning imaging of wind farm pile base terrain.

[0023] Preferably, the distributed vibration measuring tubes located at the lower side are connected by a continuous spiral trajectory, the spiral trajectory is a spatial spiral in the cylindrical surface, and the central axis of the spatial spiral coincides with the axis around which the optical fiber sensing mechanism is annularly surrounded;

[0024] By setting up distributed vibration measuring tubes, grating sensing fiber cores and optical fiber sensing mechanisms, the scanning effect of radial slits within the circumference of terrain scanning monitoring is improved, and the integrity and reliability of longitudinal terrain scanning monitoring are improved.

[0025] Preferably, a group of distribution mechanisms with increasing radius of coverage area are provided within the plane range surrounded by the circular arrangement of the optical fiber sensing mechanism, and the radius of the distribution mechanism covering the increasing area maintains a fixed increment; it can correct the flow velocity direction of the flushing water flow detected and determined at the edge of the terrain monitoring range, improve the dynamic change prediction resolution of the underwater terrain scanning imaging, and improve the authenticity and stability of the terrain scanning. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the implementation methods of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for the implementation methods or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only exemplary, and for ordinary technicians in this field, other implementation drawings can be derived from the provided drawings without creative work.

[0027] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an underwater terrain scanning system for a wind farm according to the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of point D in the middle;

[0029] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of point E in the middle;

[0030] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of point F in the middle;

[0031] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the strain vibrating wire and the grating sensing fiber core;

[0032] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure at the partition plate;

[0033] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the main view;

[0034] Figure 8 yes Figure 7 AA cross-sectional view in FIG.

[0035] Fig. 9 yes Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the middle flow measuring bracket and the sensor tube;

[0036] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the second mounting frame and the distributed vibration measuring tube.

[0037] Figure numbers: wind farm foundation pile 10; sediment layer 11; accessory warehouse 13; first mounting frame 20; second mounting frame 21; electrical bus 22; clamping seat 23; sealing electrode 24; optical fiber sensing mechanism 30; sensing bracket shaft 31; partition plate 32; strain vibrating wire 33; contact ball 34; grating sensing fiber core 35; optical fiber detection component 36; first signal module 37; transmission module 38; embedded probe 39; flow measuring frame 41; sensing tube 42; flow measuring bracket 43; magnetic field component 44; induction coil 45; flow measuring cavity 46; distribution mechanism 50; distributed vibration measuring tube 51; distributed mounting cavity 52; flow hole 53; distributed isolation plate 54; second signal module 55. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] In order to have a clearer understanding of the technical features, purposes and effects of the present invention, specific embodiments of the present invention are now described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0039] The specific embodiments of the present invention described herein are only used to explain the purpose of the present invention and cannot be understood as limiting the present invention in any way. Under the guidance of the present invention, technicians can conceive of any possible variations based on the present invention, which should be regarded as belonging to the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that when an element is referred to as "arranged on" another element, it can be directly on another element or there can also be a central element. When an element is considered to be "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to another element or there may be a central element at the same time. The terms "installed", "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection, or it can be the internal communication of two elements, it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms can be understood according to the specific circumstances. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "up", "down", "left", "right" and similar expressions used herein are only for illustrative purposes and do not represent the only implementation method.

[0040] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those generally understood by those skilled in the art to which this application belongs. The terms used herein in the specification of this application are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application. The term "and / or" used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more related listed items.

[0041] Embodiment 1

[0042] See attached Figure 1 To Attachment Figure 3 And attached Figure 5 To Attachment Figure 8As shown, the present invention provides an underwater terrain scanning system for a wind farm, including a fiber optic sensing mechanism 30 arranged in a ring, the fiber optic sensing mechanism 30 is arranged in a ring around an axis perpendicular to the surface plane to be monitored, the fiber optic sensing mechanism 30 includes a sensing bracket shaft 31, a group of evenly distributed partition plates 32 are fixedly connected to the sensing bracket shaft 31 in the length direction, a first signal module 37 and a transmission module 38 are fixedly connected to the sensing bracket shaft 31, the fiber optic sensing mechanism 30 is assembled by arranging a plurality of identical sensing bracket shafts 31, the gaps between the sensing bracket shafts 31 can accommodate water flow, the lower end of the sensing bracket shaft 31 is fixedly connected to a pre-buried probe 39, and the pre-buried probe 39 is convenient for disassembly and maintenance. The lower end of the sensor bracket shaft 31 is inserted into the appropriate depth of the lower end of the surface layer of the sediment layer 11 in the area to be monitored and scoured by the wind farm foundation pile 10. The partition plate 32 is fixedly connected with a strain vibrating string 33, and a grating sensing fiber core 35 is arranged in the strain vibrating string 33. The two ends of the sensor bracket shaft 31 are respectively fixedly connected to the two ends of the strain vibrating string 33. The partition plate 32 is fixedly connected with an optical fiber detection component 36. The optical fiber detection component 36 feeds back the vibration signal of the strain vibrating string 33 by detecting the refractive index of the grating sensing fiber core 35. The sensor bracket shaft 31 is fixedly connected with a first signal module 37 and a transmission module 38. The first signal module 37 transmits the scattered signal of the grating sensing fiber core 35.

[0043] The wind farm foundation pile 10 is arranged within the range surrounded by the annularly arranged optical fiber sensing mechanism 30. The axis around which the optical fiber sensing mechanism 30 surrounds is parallel to the axis of the wind farm foundation pile 10. In the case where the construction angle of some underwater pile foundations is not perpendicular to the horizontal plane, the axis around which the annularly arranged optical fiber sensing mechanism 30 surrounds remains parallel to the axial direction of the underwater pile foundation, and the terrain at the underwater pile foundation position can be scanned and imaged for monitoring by the annularly arranged optical fiber sensing mechanism 30.

[0044] In addition, the annularly arranged optical fiber sensing mechanism 30 can also be applied to the interface fluctuation monitoring of the scene interface where the stress response characteristics of the upper and lower double-layer media are different;

[0045] When a broadband light source flows through the Bragg grating in the core of the fiber grating sensor, light corresponding to the central wavelength of the grating will be reflected and transmitted. The central wavelength is determined by the grating period and the refractive index of the core. The refractive index of the core is affected by external force strain. When the water flow on the surface of the wind farm pile foundation drives the strain string 33 to vibrate, the vibration of the strain string 33 drives the grating sensing core 35 to deform. The refractive index of the fiber grating at the corresponding vibration position on the grating sensing core 35 calculated by the first signal module 37 jumps accordingly, affecting the jumping of the central wavelength of the reflected light or the transmitted light to feedback the strain of the strain string 33 under vibration, thereby monitoring whether the strain string 33 body at different positions on the sensing bracket shaft 31 is exposed after the water flow washes the sediment;

[0046] The position where the refractive index of the grating sensing fiber core 35 fluctuates in the length direction of the sensing support shaft 31 and the strain vibrating wire 33 pre-buried in the sediment layer 11 is monitored by the optical fiber detection element 36. The position of the strain vibrating wire 33 buried in the sediment is fixed, and the buried strain vibrating wire 33 is restricted from vibrating, so as to determine the height of the exposed position of the strain vibrating wire 33 after the sediment is washed away, so as to achieve the ratio of the length of the strain vibrating wire 33 in the vertical direction where the sensing support shaft 31 is located that is exposed and accumulated during the water flow washing process, and realize the change of the terrain surface height in the height direction where the sensing support shaft 31 is located that is lowered by washing or buried by accumulation;

[0047] In the range of the terrain surface where the pile foundation is located that needs long-term monitoring, an array of optical fiber sensing mechanisms 30 with a reasonable density distribution is arranged, and the vibration distribution of the strain vibrating string 33 is fed back through the fluctuation signal of the core refractive index to realize monitoring and scanning of the fluctuation changes of the underwater terrain at the wind farm pile foundation, and the terrain image at the wind farm pile foundation location is obtained according to the distributed terrain fluctuation changes. The strain vibrating string 33 located between two adjacent partitions 32 is exposed to the water flow and can respond to the vibration generated by the water flow impacting the strain vibrating string 33 in time through the grating sensing fiber core 35 therein, and can monitor and scan the water flow with weak scouring flow rate, and can directly obtain the terrain fluctuation change image within the monitoring range of the wind farm pile foundation, thereby reducing the transmission distance of the terrain scanning signal, reducing the hysteresis of the terrain scanning imaging, improving the resistance of the terrain scanning to the interference of underwater environmental factors, improving the authenticity of the underwater terrain scanning, improving the reliability of the long-term monitoring of the underwater terrain scanning imaging, and reducing the maintenance cost of the underwater terrain scanning of the wind farm;

[0048] At the same time, the longitudinal sensor bracket shaft 31 and the strain vibrating string 33 are arranged in a ring around the wind farm pile foundation, and the strain vibrating string 33 is located on the upper part of the ground surface. The water flow vibration monitoring of the longitudinal cylindrical surface formed at the boundary of the surrounding range can be formed in sections. The direction of the radial relative strength of the vibration frequency in the surrounding range is obtained by the first signal module 37, so as to convert and obtain the direction of the radial flushing water flow in the circular range surrounded by the sensor bracket shaft 31 around the wind farm pile 10, so as to judge the cause of the terrain fluctuation change at the strain vibrating string 33 on the ground surface that is vibrated by the impact of the flushing water flow, and can more accurately judge whether the flushing water flow in the surrounding range is the flushing of the horseshoe vortex system or the flushing of the descending impact water flow;

[0049] The direction of the flushing water flow in the range surrounded by the sensing bracket shaft 31 and the strain vibrating wire 33 obtained by the conversion of the annular distribution can be introduced into the image of the three-dimensional terrain fluctuation change of the underwater terrain scanning, so as to verify the depth of the silt exposed by the scouring at each monitoring position of the strain vibrating wire 33 with a reasonable density arrangement within the terrain range to be monitored, and obtain the horizontal change trend and terrain contour of the terrain fluctuation caused by the scouring and exposure of the silt within the monitoring range, thereby improving the contour continuity of the three-dimensional image obtained by the terrain scanning, and improving the three-dimensionality and authenticity of the underwater terrain scanning imaging;

[0050] The water flow direction and scouring time of the introduced scanning image can be used to determine the changing trend of the terrain scanning stereo image within a certain period of time, which is convenient for predicting the fluctuation of underwater terrain. It can timely monitor and warn the scouring status of the wind farm pile foundation, improve the dynamic performance of underwater terrain scanning imaging, and reduce the hysteresis of terrain scanning imaging.

[0051] See attached Figure 6 To Attachment Figure 8 As shown, a contact ball 34 is provided between two adjacent partitions 32, and a strain vibrating wire 33 is fixedly connected to the contact ball 34; the contact ball 34 can amplify the vibration intensity of the strain vibrating wire 33 caused by the impact of water flow, and the vibration intensity at the strain vibrating wire 33 reflects the duration of the water flow impact at the exposed position and the magnitude of the impact momentum, thereby converting the refractive index fluctuation of the grating sensor core 35 into the flow velocity change of the flushing water flow within the monitoring range, which can further improve the accuracy of terrain scanning image verification and the accuracy of dynamic prediction.

[0052] See attached Figure 6 To Attachment Fig. 9 As shown, a group of annularly evenly distributed flow measuring brackets 43 are fixedly connected to the contact ball 34. The flow measuring brackets 43 are made of tough material. The flow measuring brackets 43 can adapt to sliding and bending. The plane where the annularly arranged flow measuring brackets 43 are located is located in a horizontal plane perpendicular to the length direction of the sensor bracket axis 31. The other end of the flow measuring bracket 43 is slidably connected to a sensor tube 42. The sensor tube 42 outputs data of the sliding displacement of the flow measuring bracket 43 in the sensor tube 42. The other end of the sensor tube 42 is fixedly connected to a flow measuring frame 41. The flow measuring frame 41 is fixedly connected to the sensor bracket axis 31. The first signal module 37 processes and converts the sliding signal monitored and output by the sensor tube 42, and can determine a more accurate flow rate and direction of the scouring water flow at each contact ball 34 in the length direction of the sensor bracket axis 31, thereby further improving the contour verification of the scouring state on the terrain within the monitoring range of the wind farm pile foundation and the accuracy of terrain prediction.

[0053] See attached Figure 6 To Attachment Fig. 9As shown, a flow measuring cavity 46 is provided in the sensing tube 42, an induction coil 45 is provided in the side wall of the flow measuring cavity 46, a flow measuring bracket 43 is slidably connected in the flow measuring cavity 46, a magnetic field component 44 is provided at one end of the flow measuring bracket 43 facing the sensing tube 42, and the induction coil 45 is connected to the first signal module 37 through a circuit; the contact ball 34 amplifies the impact strain of the water flow, and the impact of the water flow drives the flow measuring bracket 43 to slide in the flow measuring cavity 46, and the movement of the magnetic field component 44 changes the magnetic flux transmitted by the induction coil 45 to the first signal module 37, so that the speed and direction of the water flow impact on the contact ball 34 are determined according to the change of the magnetic flux in the sensing tube 42;

[0054] In addition, when the optical fiber sensing mechanism 30 is deflected relative to the axis of the wind farm foundation pile 10 by external force, the longitudinal comparison between the slip signals detected between the sensing tube 42 and the flow measuring bracket 43 which are longitudinally arranged in the axial direction of the sensing bracket shaft 31 can detect the difference in the axial distribution of the signal of the flow measuring bracket 43 sliding in the sensing tube 42 driven by gravity due to the contact ball 34, thereby judging the simple tilt state of the optical fiber sensing mechanism 30, facilitating timely correction of the offset of the sensing bracket shaft 31, and improving the accuracy of underwater terrain scanning imaging.

[0055] See attached Figure 1 , Attachment Figure 2 , Attachment Figure 4 And attached Figure 5 As shown, an accessory bin 13 is provided in the wind farm foundation pile 10 to store and install necessary equipment for maintenance and installation connection such as electrical components and data transceiver devices, and a first mounting frame 20 pre-buried in the horizontal direction is fixedly installed on the wind farm foundation pile 10. A clamping seat 23 is fixedly connected to the other end of the first mounting frame 20, and an optical fiber sensing mechanism 30 is fixedly installed through the clamping seat 23. A sealed electrode 24 is provided in the clamping seat 23 to supply energy and data connection to the transmitter module 38 and the first signal module 37, and the sealed electrode 24 is connected to an electrical bus through a circuit. 22, the first mounting frame 20 is provided with an electrical bus 22, the electrical bus 22 is connected to the wind power supply system, the first mounting frame 20 is provided with a first mounting frame 20 connected to the accessory compartment 13 and utilizing the wind farm power, the first mounting frame 20 is connected to the sealed electrode 24 and the first signal module 37 through a circuit; the distributed vibration measuring tube 51 is installed by the second mounting frame 21 fixedly connected to the first mounting frame 20, so that the wind farm power can be conveniently utilized for power supply, thereby reducing the maintenance frequency and installation and use efficiency of the underwater terrain scanning imaging system;

[0056] A distribution mechanism 50 is provided within the range surrounded by the annularly arranged optical fiber sensing mechanism 30. The distribution mechanism 50 is pre-buried in the mud under the surface of the mud layer 11. The distribution mechanism 50 includes a distributed vibration measuring tube 51. The distributed vibration measuring tube 51 is arranged in a circular direction around the axis of the wind farm foundation pile 10. The axis of the distributed vibration measuring tube 51 in the length direction is a circular ring. The axis surrounded by the circular ring coincides with the axis around which the optical fiber sensing mechanism 30 is annularly arranged. A distributed installation cavity 52 is provided in the distributed vibration measuring tube 51. A flow hole 53 is provided in the side wall of the distributed installation cavity 52. ​​The distributed vibration measuring tube 51 is fixedly connected with a second signal module 55. The distributed installation cavity 52 is fixedly connected with distributed isolation modules evenly distributed along the axis in the length direction of the distributed vibration measuring tube 51. The optical fiber detection component 36 is fixedly connected to the distribution isolation plate 54, and the optical fiber detection component 36 is fixedly connected to the strain vibration string 33 of the same structure. The strain vibration string 33 is provided with a grating sensing fiber core 35 of the same structure. The optical fiber detection component 36 detects the strain signal of the grating sensing fiber core 35. The grating sensing fiber core 35 is arranged in a direction following the axis of the length direction of the distribution vibration measuring tube 51. The optical fiber detection component 36 is provided with a grating sensing fiber core 35. A contact ball 34 is provided between two adjacent distribution isolation plates 54. The strain vibration string 33 is fixedly connected to the contact ball 34. The position of the contact ball 34 corresponds to the flow hole 53. The grating sensing fiber core 35 and the optical fiber detection component 36 are connected to the second signal module 55 through a circuit.

[0057] In the terrain monitoring range surrounded by the fiber optic sensing mechanism 30 arranged in a ring around the wind farm foundation pile 10, the strain vibrating wire 33 and the distributed vibration measuring tube 51 in the distributed installation cavity 52 are exposed after the upper layer of mud and sand is washed away by the water flow. The contact ball 34 ensures the detection response of the strain vibrating wire 33 being hit by the water flow to generate vibration. At the vibration position where the contact ball 34 on the distributed vibration measuring tube 51 is located, the refractive index change at the grating sensing core 35 at the vibration position is detected by the fiber optic detection member 36 in the distributed isolation plate 54, and then the depth of the mud and sand exposed by the washing is obtained after the signal processing by the second signal module 55. Combined with the flow rate and direction of the washing water flow measured at the upper section of the fiber optic sensing mechanism 30 at the edge of the terrain monitoring range, the direction of the washing water flow at the vibration position monitored by the distributed isolation plate 54 can be determined, thereby obtaining the vertical washing condition of the scanning imaging within the terrain monitoring range, which can further enrich and verify the terrain scanning image within the monitoring range, improve the three-dimensionality and authenticity of the terrain image scanning, further improve the accuracy of predicting changes in the terrain scanning image, and improve the dynamic performance of the terrain scanning imaging.

[0058] See attached Figure 1 , Attachment Figure 4 And attached Figure 5As shown, the strain vibrating string 33 is made of a tough material, the grating sensing fiber core 35 and the strain vibrating string 33 can slide relative to each other in the axial direction of the grating sensing fiber core 35, and the grating sensing fiber core 35 is slidably connected in the optical fiber detection part 36. In the circular range of the distributed vibration measuring tube 51 arranged around the circumference of the wind farm foundation pile 10, the strain vibrating string 33 exposed by the scouring at the contact ball 34 is subjected to the amplified water flow impact vibration and transmitted to the strain of the grating sensing fiber core 35, driving the grating sensing fiber core 35 and the strain vibrating string 33 to generate axial relative sliding between discrete points on the circumferential axis of the distributed vibration measuring tube 51, and the exposed strain vibrating string 33 is subjected to the amplified water flow impact vibration and transmitted to the grating sensing fiber core 35. The refractive index detected between the two optical fiber detection components 36 at the contact ball 34 undergoes a sudden change under a relatively stable scour exposure state. The water flow vibration frequency at the contact ball 34 in the distributed installation cavity 52 detected by the optical fiber detection component 36 reflects the flow direction of the scouring water flow at the scour exposed position of the distributed vibration measuring tube 51. After conversion and processing by the second signal module 55, the vertical scouring water flow direction within the terrain monitoring range of the optical fiber sensing mechanism 30 around the circumference of the wind farm foundation pile 10 is obtained, thereby verifying the local water flow direction within the terrain scanning monitoring range, further improving the accuracy and dynamic performance of terrain scanning imaging.

[0059] A group of identical distribution mechanisms 50 are provided in the axial direction of the fiber optic sensing mechanism 30, and the distribution mechanisms 50 are equidistantly distributed in the axial direction of the fiber optic sensing mechanism 30, and the distribution mechanisms 50 are all arranged below the seabed surface mud surface at the wind farm pile 10; the scouring exposure changes in the depth direction of the wind farm pile foundation can be monitored in sections, which is convenient for graded monitoring of the scouring and loss of mud at different depths, and can obtain a depth-based terrain change image, reducing the possibility of scanning omissions of narrow gully terrain caused by water scouring and mud loss, improving the early warning capability and timeliness of wind farm pile foundation terrain scanning imaging, and improving the planning of wind farm terrain scanning and early warning.

[0060] See attached Figure 1 , Attachment Figure 4 As shown in 10, the distributed vibration measuring tube 51 located on the lower side is connected by a continuous spiral trajectory, and the spiral trajectory is a spatial spiral within the cylindrical surface. The central axis of the spatial spiral coincides with the axis of the fiber optic sensing mechanism 30 surrounding the ring. It can continuously monitor the terrain in the depth direction of the pile foundation, reduce the graduation value of the longitudinal terrain scanning, avoid the possibility of missing the terrain scanning of gullies and gaps with a smaller longitudinal depth, improve the scanning effect of the radial slit within the circumference of the terrain scanning monitoring, and improve the integrity and reliability of the longitudinal terrain scanning monitoring.

[0061] See attached Figure 1 and attached Figure 4As shown, a group of distribution mechanisms 50 with increasing radius of the coverage area are arranged in a ring-shaped manner within the plane range surrounded by the optical fiber sensing mechanism 30, and the radius of the coverage area of ​​the distribution mechanism 50 is kept at a fixed increment;

[0062] In the plane range surrounded by the annular arrangement of the optical fiber sensing mechanism 30, the radial distances of the two distributed vibration measuring tubes 51 between two adjacent distribution mechanisms 50 are the same in this plane range, and the accuracy of terrain scanning imaging can be ensured through installation accuracy;

[0063] In the radial direction of the circumferential range of the axis of the wind farm foundation pile 10, at two adjacent contact balls 34 exposed by scouring, the flow direction of the vertical scouring water flow in the radial direction within the circular detection range can be judged based on the difference in the refractive index of the grating sensor core 35 reflecting the vibration frequency detected by the optical fiber detection component 36 at the two positions, and the flow velocity direction of the scouring water flow detected at the edge of the terrain monitoring range can be corrected, thereby improving the dynamic change prediction resolution of underwater terrain scanning imaging and improving the authenticity and stability of terrain scanning.

[0064] Embodiment 2

[0065] See attached Fig. 9 As shown, the magnetic field component 44 is made of conductive material, and the magnetic field component 44 is slidably connected inside the induction coil 45. The resistance of the sliding loop between the induction coil 45 and the magnetic field component 44 is linearly related to the sliding distance of the magnetic field component 44 in the induction coil 45. The conductive material is used to reflect the sliding changes of the flow measuring bracket 43 in the flow measuring cavity 46, which has better robust performance and improves the detection stability of the speed and direction of the water flow impact on the contact ball 34.

[0066] The above description is only an illustrative embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any equivalent changes made by a person skilled in the art without departing from the concept and principle of the present invention shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A wind farm underwater terrain scanning system, comprising a fiber optic sensing mechanism (30) arranged in a ring, the fiber optic sensing mechanism (30) comprising a sensing support shaft (31), a group of evenly distributed partition plates (32) being fixedly connected to the sensing support shaft (31) in the length direction, a first signal module (37) and a transmission module (38) being fixedly connected to the sensing support shaft (31), characterized in that: A strain vibrating string (33) is provided in the partition plate (32), the partition plate (32) divides the strain vibrating string (33) into uniform segments, a grating sensing fiber core (35) is provided in the strain vibrating string (33), and an optical fiber detection component (36) is fixedly connected in the partition plate (32); A distribution mechanism (50) is provided within the range surrounded by the annularly arranged optical fiber sensing mechanism (30), the distribution mechanism (50) comprising a distributed vibration measuring tube (51), a distribution installation cavity (52) being provided in the distributed vibration measuring tube (51), a flow hole (53) being provided in the side wall of the distributed installation cavity (52), a second signal module (55) being fixedly connected to the distributed vibration measuring tube (51), a distribution isolation plate (54) being evenly distributed along the axis of the length direction of the distributed vibration measuring tube (51) being fixedly connected in the distributed installation cavity (52), an optical fiber detection component (36) being fixedly connected in the distribution isolation plate (54), a strain vibration string (33) of the same structure being fixedly connected in the optical fiber detection component (36), a grating sensing fiber core (35) of the same structure being provided in the strain vibration string (33), and the optical fiber detection component (36) detecting the strain signal of the grating sensing fiber core (35).

2. The wind farm underwater terrain scanning system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: A wind farm foundation pile (10) is provided within a range surrounded by the annularly arranged optical fiber sensing mechanism (30), and an axis around which the optical fiber sensing mechanism (30) surrounds is parallel to an axis of the wind farm foundation pile (10).

3. The wind farm underwater terrain scanning system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: A contact ball (34) is provided between two adjacent partition plates (32), and the strain wire (33) is fixedly connected to the contact ball (34).

4. The wind farm underwater terrain scanning system as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: A group of annular evenly distributed flow measuring brackets (43) are fixedly connected to the contact ball (34); the flow measuring bracket (43) is capable of sliding and bending; the other end of the flow measuring bracket (43) is slidably connected to a sensing tube (42); the other end of the sensing tube (42) is fixedly connected to a flow measuring bracket (41); and the sensing bracket shaft (31) is fixedly connected to the flow measuring bracket (41).

5. The wind farm underwater terrain scanning system as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The sensing tube (42) is provided with a flow measuring cavity (46), a side wall of the flow measuring cavity (46) is provided with an induction coil (45), the flow measuring cavity (46) is slidably connected to the flow measuring bracket (43), and a magnetic field component (44) is provided at one end of the flow measuring bracket (43) facing the sensing tube (42).

6. The wind farm underwater terrain scanning system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The grating sensing fiber core (35) and the strain vibrating wire (33) can slide relatively in the axial direction of the grating sensing fiber core (35), and the optical fiber detection component (36) is slidably connected to the grating sensing fiber core (35).

7. The wind farm underwater terrain scanning system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: A group of identical distribution mechanisms (50) are provided in the direction of the axis around which the optical fiber sensing mechanism (30) is annularly arranged. The distribution mechanisms (50) are equidistantly distributed in the direction of the axis around which the optical fiber sensing mechanism (30) is annularly arranged. The axis around which the axis in the length direction of the distributed vibration measuring tube (51) is arranged coincides with the axis around which the optical fiber sensing mechanism (30) is annularly arranged.

8. The wind farm underwater terrain scanning system as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: The distributed vibration measuring tube (51) located at the lower side is connected by a continuous spiral trajectory, the spiral trajectory is a spatial spiral within a cylindrical surface, and the central axis of the spatial spiral coincides with the axis around which the optical fiber sensing mechanism (30) is annularly surrounded.

9. The wind farm underwater terrain scanning system as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that: A group of distribution mechanisms (50) with increasing radius of coverage areas are provided within a plane range surrounded by the annular arrangement of the optical fiber sensing mechanisms (30), and the increasing radius of coverage areas of the distribution mechanisms (50) maintains a fixed increment.

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