Drilling and expansion tunneling machine and drilling and expansion rock breaking method

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of tunnel boring machines. In view of the problem that the cantilever tunnel boring machines in the related art cannot meet the requirements of high-hardness rock tunnels, the present application proposes a drilling and expanding tunnel boring machine and a drilling and expanding rock breaking method. The drilling and expanding tunnel boring machine includes a tunnel boring machine body; a front and rear telescopic device, which is arranged on the tunnel boring machine body; an angle adjustment device, which is arranged on the front and rear telescopic device; a drilling and expanding device, which is arranged on the angle adjustment device; a positioning device, which is used to locate the position of the tunnel boring machine body in the tunnel; a control device, which is connected to the positioning device and can control the actions of the front and rear telescopic devices and the angle adjustment device according to the signal of the positioning device; wherein, when the front and rear telescopic devices are fully extended, the distance between the front end of the drilling and expanding device and the working surface is less than the distance between the front end of the cutting part of the tunnel boring machine body and the working surface. The drilling and expanding tunnel boring machine automatically drills holes and expands and cracks through the drilling and expanding device, and then performs cutting operations, which helps to improve tunneling efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of tunnel boring machines, and in particular to a drilling and expansion tunnel boring machine and a drilling and expansion rock breaking method. Background Art

[0002] At present, heavy-duty cantilever tunnel boring machines for all-rock tunnels with large cutting power, high cutting efficiency, stable operation and excellent dust removal system represent the future development direction of rock tunnel boring technology; the supporting operation line of cantilever tunnel boring machines and single anchor drilling rigs (also known as comprehensive mechanized tunneling of coal tunnels) has gradually become the most important method of efficient tunneling of coal tunnels in my country.

[0003] However, the hardness of the rock formation is an uncertain value, that is, the hardness of the rock formation in different areas is not necessarily the same, and the working conditions are very harsh. When the rock formation hardness f (Praeter hardness coefficient) is greater than 10, the cantilever tunnel boring machine not only has extremely low efficiency and increased energy consumption, but also suffers from severe pick falling and even makes it impossible to tunnel. It is usually necessary to withdraw the tunnel boring machine to a safe distance and use drilling and blasting to break the rock before tunneling. Not only is the tunneling efficiency low, but the blasting operation also poses a great safety hazard. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the problem that the cantilever type tunnel boring machine in the above-mentioned related technology cannot meet the requirements of high-hardness rock tunnels.

[0005] A first aspect of the present application is to provide a drilling and tunneling machine.

[0006] The second aspect of the present application is to provide a method for drilling and breaking rocks.

[0007] In view of this, according to the first aspect of the present application, a drilling and expansion tunneling machine is proposed, comprising: a tunneling machine body; a front and rear telescopic device, which is arranged on the tunneling machine body; an angle adjustment device, which is arranged on the front and rear telescopic device, and the angle adjustment device can move back and forth in the front and rear directions under the action of the front and rear telescopic devices; a drilling and expansion device, which is arranged on the angle adjustment device; a positioning device, which is used to locate the position of the tunneling machine body in the tunnel; a control device, which is connected to the positioning device and can control the action of the front and rear telescopic devices and the angle adjustment device according to the signal of the positioning device; wherein, when the front and rear telescopic devices are fully extended, the distance between the front end of the drilling and expansion device and the working surface is smaller than the distance between the front end of the cutting part of the tunneling machine body and the working surface.

[0008] In practical applications, the cutting part is at the bottom as a standard, and the tunnel boring machine is driven to move as far as possible to the middle of the tunnel and close to the section to achieve primary positioning; then, the actual position of the tunnel boring machine body in the tunnel is measured by the positioning device, and the deviation value is calculated by comparing the position data of the actual position with the position data of the standard position; then, the control device controls the action of the front and rear telescopic devices and the angle adjustment device according to the deviation value, and adjusts the posture of the drilling and expansion device, thereby achieving secondary positioning; finally, the drilling and expansion operation is performed. In this way, the rock formation can be pre-processed in advance by the drilling and expansion device, which can reduce the difficulty and resistance of subsequent cutting operations, thereby helping to improve the tunneling efficiency and operation quality; further, through the secondary positioning process, the rock formation can be pre-processed efficiently and accurately, avoiding uneven processing affecting the quality of subsequent operations, thereby further improving the tunneling efficiency and operation quality.

[0009] In some technical solutions, the drilling and expansion device may include a drilling box, a rock drilling assembly and a fracturing assembly; the rock drilling assembly and the fracturing assembly are both mounted on the drilling box. In this way, the rock formation can be pre-processed efficiently through the coordinated work of the rock drilling assembly and the fracturing assembly, creating favorable conditions for subsequent excavation operations.

[0010] In some technical solutions, optionally, the drill box includes: a base connected to the angle adjustment device; a drill box body, the drill box body and the base are rotatably connected; a swing mechanism connected to the drill box body to drive the drill box body to rotate; wherein the rock drilling assembly and the fracturing assembly are both installed on the drill box body.

[0011] In the above technical solution, the angle of the drill box body is adjusted by a swinging mechanism, thereby adjusting the operating angles of the rock drilling assembly and the fracturing assembly to ensure the coordinated work between the rock drilling assembly and the fracturing assembly, and to ensure that the two can work together in the correct position and angle to achieve efficient pretreatment of the rock formation.

[0012] In some technical solutions, the drill box may further include a positioning cone holder, the positioning cone holder is connected to the base, and the drill box body is rotatably connected to the positioning cone holder. In this way, the connection stability of the drill box body can be improved to prevent the connection from loosening or failure.

[0013] In some technical schemes, optionally, the drill box also includes: a positioning seat, which is arranged at the front end of the drill box body; a top extension member, which is arranged on the positioning seat and can move back and forth in the front and rear directions; a reset member, which is connected to the top extension member; and a feedback member, which is connected to the control device and is used to receive and feedback the status signal of the top extension member.

[0014] In the above technical solution, before the drilling and expansion operation, the front end of the drill box body is controlled to contact the section. At this time, the top extension piece is triggered and moves backward, thereby triggering the feedback piece to feed back the status signal of the top extension piece to the control device to execute a preset delay operation. In this way, the positioning seat can be completely driven into the rock mass to achieve three-level positioning, thereby ensuring the high precision and stability of the drilling and expansion operation, which helps to improve the overall excavation quality.

[0015] In some technical solutions, the feedback member may include: a magnetic ring, which is arranged on the top extension member; and a magnetic reed switch, which is arranged on the positioning seat and connected to the control device. The state of the top extension member is determined by the detection signal of the magnetic reed switch, which has a simple structure and occupies a small space, so it is easy to install.

[0016] In some technical schemes, optionally, the rock drilling assembly includes: a rock drill, a drill rod and a first feeding mechanism; wherein the first feeding mechanism is arranged on the drill box, and the first feeding mechanism includes: a slide rail, which is arranged on the drill box along the front and rear direction; a connecting seat, which is arranged on the slide rail and can move along the slide rail; a driving unit, which is connected to the connecting seat to drive the connecting seat to move; the rock drill is arranged on the connecting seat; and the drill rod is arranged at the front end of the rock drill.

[0017] In some technical solutions, optionally, the first feeding mechanism further includes a displacement detection unit for detecting the moving distance of the connecting seat; thereby ensuring that the rock drill and the drill rod can be fed according to a predetermined depth.

[0018] In some technical solutions, optionally, the first feeding mechanism further includes: an idler wheel mounted on the drill box; a connecting rope, one end of which is connected to the connecting seat, and the other end of which passes around the idler wheel and is connected to the driving unit. In this way, even if the driving unit and the connecting seat are limited in space, power transmission can be achieved through the idler wheel and the connecting rope, which helps to simplify the occupied space of the rock drilling assembly.

[0019] In some technical solutions, optionally, the fracturing assembly includes a fracturing device and a second feeding mechanism, and the fracturing device and the second feeding mechanism are connected; wherein the second feeding mechanism and the first feeding mechanism have the same structure.

[0020] In some technical solutions, optionally, the positioning device includes: at least four ranging sensors, which are used to measure the distance between the tunnel boring machine body and the tunnel in four directions: front, top, left and right, respectively, so as to determine the position of the tunnel boring machine body in the tunnel.

[0021] In some technical schemes, optionally, the positioning device also includes: a protective cover, which is a closed cavity, and the protective cover is provided with through holes in the front, top, left and right directions respectively; at least four light-transmitting parts are respectively arranged in the through holes to close the through holes; wherein, the ranging sensor is arranged in the protective cover and is arranged one-to-one with the light-transmitting parts.

[0022] In the above technical solution, the distance measuring sensor is arranged in the inner cavity of the protective cover, and the measurement signal can pass through the corresponding light-transmitting member. In this way, the distance measuring sensor can be protected from being affected by the external environment (such as dust, moisture, etc.).

[0023] In some technical solutions, the positioning device may further include a cleaning member for cleaning the light-transmitting member. By adding the cleaning member to clean the light-transmitting member, dust and other impurities attached to the surface of the light-transmitting member can be removed, thereby ensuring the measurement accuracy and stability of the distance sensor.

[0024] According to the second aspect of the present application, the present application proposes a method for drilling and breaking rock, using a drilling and breaking machine as proposed in any of the above technical solutions to drill and break rock, thereby having all the beneficial effects of any of the above technical solutions, which will not be repeated here.

[0025] The drilling and breaking rock method comprises the following steps:

[0026] Using the cutting part of the tunnel boring machine at the bottom as a benchmark, move the tunnel boring machine close to the middle of the tunnel and close to the cross section to complete the first-level positioning;

[0027] Locate the actual position of the tunnel boring machine in the tunnel by means of a positioning device;

[0028] Calculate the deviation between the position data of the actual position and the position data of the standard position;

[0029] Adjust the actions of the angle adjustment device and the front and rear telescopic device according to the deviation value to complete the secondary positioning;

[0030] Control the drilling and expansion device to feed to the working surface;

[0031] Carry out drilling and breaking rock operations.

[0032] In some technical solutions, optionally, the drilling and expansion device includes a drill box, a rock drilling assembly and a fracturing assembly; the drill box includes a drill box body, a positioning seat, a top extension member, a reset member and a feedback member; wherein the positioning seat is arranged at the front end of the drill box body; the top extension member is arranged on the positioning seat and can move back and forth in the front and rear directions; the reset member is connected to the top extension member; the feedback member is connected to the control device and is used to receive and feedback the status signal of the top extension member; wherein controlling the drilling and expansion device to feed to the working surface specifically includes:

[0033] The front end of the control drill box body contacts the section. At this time, the top extension piece is triggered and moves to the trigger feedback piece. The feedback piece feeds back the state signal of the top extension piece to the control device, so that the control device executes the preset delay operation, thereby completely driving the positioning seat into the rock mass to achieve three-level positioning.

[0034] From the above description, it can be seen that the drilling and expansion tunneling machine and the drilling and expansion rock breaking method proposed in this application have a compact structure. Without significantly increasing the power, the drilling and expansion tunneling machine can automatically drill holes and expand hard rock formations with a hardness f greater than 10, create a free surface, and then carry out cutting operations, thereby achieving the purpose of improving tunneling efficiency and reducing the number of people working underground.

[0035] Additional aspects and advantages of the present application will become apparent in the following description or will be learned through practice of the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present application will become apparent and easily understood from the description of the embodiments in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0037] Figure 1 One of the structural schematic diagrams of the drilling and tunneling machine in the embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0038] Figure 2 The second structural schematic diagram of the drilling and tunneling machine in the embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0039] Figure 3 The third structural schematic diagram of the drilling and tunneling machine in the embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0040] Figure 4 A fourth structural schematic diagram of a drilling and tunneling machine in an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0041] Figure 5 A partial structural schematic diagram of a drilling and tunneling machine in an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0042] Figure 6 A schematic structural diagram of a drilling and expansion device in an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0043] Figure 7 A partial structural schematic diagram of a drill box in an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0044] Figure 8 A partial structural schematic diagram of a positioning device in an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0045] Fig. 9 A flowchart of a method for drilling and breaking rock in an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0046] Fig.10 The schematic diagram of the rock drilling and breaking method in the embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0047] in, Figures 1 to 8 The corresponding relationship between the reference numerals and the component names is as follows:

[0048] 100- tunnel boring machine body; 110- cutting part; 120- walking part; 130- support plate; 200- front and rear telescopic device; 210- lower support rail; 220- lower moving part; 230- upper support rail; 240- upper moving part; 300- angle adjustment device; 310- mounting seat; 320- slewing mechanism; 400- drilling expansion device; 410- drilling box; 411- base; 412- drilling box body; 413- swing mechanism; 414- positioning cone holder; 415- positioning seat; 416- top extension piece; 417- reset piece; 418- feedback Parts; 4181-magnetic ring; 4182-reed switch; 420-rock drilling assembly; 421-rock drill; 422-drill rod; 423-first feeding mechanism; 4231-slide rail; 4232-connecting seat; 4233-driving unit; 4235-idle wheel; 4236-connecting rope; 430-expansion assembly; 431-expansion device; 432-second feeding mechanism; 500-positioning device; 510-distance measuring sensor; 520-protective cover; 521-through hole; 530-light-transmitting part; 540-cleaning part; 600-working surface; 700-control device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] In order to more clearly understand the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present application, the present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods. It should be noted that the embodiments of the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0050] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present application. However, the present application may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0051] Combine the following Figures 1 to 10 , the drilling and expansion tunneling machine and the drilling and expansion rock breaking method provided in the embodiments of the present application are described in detail through specific embodiments and their application scenarios.

[0052] Reference Figures 1 to 5 In an embodiment of the present application, a drilling and expansion machine is provided, and its structure includes: a tunneling machine body 100, a front and rear telescopic device 200, an angle adjustment device 300, a drilling and expansion device 400, a positioning device 500 and a control device 700.

[0053] Specifically, the front and rear telescopic device 200 is arranged on the tunnel boring machine body 100 and can be telescoped in the front and rear direction. The angle adjustment device 300 is arranged on the front and rear telescopic device 200 and can move in the front and rear direction under the action of the front and rear telescopic device 200. The drilling and expansion device 400 is arranged on the angle adjustment device 300. The positioning device 500 is arranged on the tunnel boring machine body 100 and is used to locate the position of the tunnel boring machine body 100 in the tunnel. The control device 700 is connected to the positioning device 500 and can control the front and rear telescopic device 200 and the angle adjustment device 300 to operate according to the signal of the positioning device 500 to adjust the posture of the drilling and expansion device 400.

[0054] In the above embodiment, the drilling and expansion device 400 can move along the front and rear directions under the action of the front and rear telescopic device 200 along with the angle adjustment device 300, wherein when the front and rear telescopic device 200 is fully extended, the distance between the front end of the drilling and expansion device 400 and the working surface 600 is smaller than the distance between the front end of the cutting part 110 of the tunnel boring machine body 100 and the working surface 600, which means that the drilling and expansion device 400 can pre-treat the rock formation.

[0055] In actual application, the cutting part 110 is at the bottom state as a ruler, and the tunnel boring machine is driven to move to the middle of the tunnel and close to the section as much as possible to achieve primary positioning; then, the actual position of the tunnel boring machine body 100 in the tunnel is measured by the positioning device 500, and the deviation value is calculated by comparing the position data of the actual position with the position data of the standard position; then, the control device 700 controls the action of the front and rear telescopic devices 200 and the angle adjustment device 300 according to the deviation value, and adjusts the posture of the drilling and expansion device 400, thereby achieving secondary positioning; finally, the drilling and expansion operation is carried out.

[0056] Exemplarily, the tunnel boring machine body 100 is a cantilever tunnel boring machine.

[0057] In the above embodiment, by pre-treating the rock formation in advance through the drilling and expansion device 400, the difficulty and resistance of subsequent cutting operations can be reduced, thereby helping to improve the excavation efficiency and operation quality; further, through the secondary positioning process, efficient and accurate pre-treatment of the rock formation can be achieved, avoiding uneven treatment that affects the quality of subsequent operations, thereby further improving the excavation efficiency and operation quality.

[0058] Reference Figure 3 , Figure 5 and Figure 6In some embodiments, the drilling and expansion device 400 includes a drill box 410, a rock drilling assembly 420, and a fracturing assembly 430. The rock drilling assembly 420 and the fracturing assembly 430 are both installed on the drill box 410. The rock drilling assembly 420 is used to drill a hole of a predetermined depth and diameter on the rock formation. The fracturing assembly 430 is used to insert a fracturing device 431 into the hole drilled by the rock drilling assembly 420 to fractur the rock formation. In this way, through the coordinated work of the rock drilling assembly 420 and the fracturing assembly 430, the rock formation can be pre-processed efficiently, creating favorable conditions for subsequent excavation operations.

[0059] In the above embodiment, the drill box 410 includes a base 411, a drill box body 412 and a swing mechanism 413. Specifically, the base 411 is connected to the angle adjustment device 300; the drill box body 412 is rotatably connected to the base 411, wherein the rock drilling assembly 420 and the fracturing assembly 430 are both arranged on the drill box body 412; the swing mechanism 413 is connected to the drill box body 412 to drive the drill box body 412 to rotate. In this way, the angle of the drill box body 412 is adjusted by the swing mechanism 413, thereby adjusting the operating angles of the rock drilling assembly 420 and the fracturing assembly 430, so as to ensure the coordinated work between the rock drilling assembly 420 and the fracturing assembly 430, and ensure that the two can work together at the correct position and angle to achieve efficient pretreatment of the rock formation.

[0060] In the above embodiment, the drill box 410 further includes a positioning cone holder 414, which is disposed on the base 411, and the drill box body 412 is rotatably connected to the positioning cone holder 414. In this way, the connection stability of the drill box body 412 can be improved to prevent the connection from loosening or failure.

[0061] Exemplarily, the swing mechanism 413 is a swing cylinder.

[0062] Reference Figure 5 and Figure 7 In some embodiments, the drill box 410 further includes a positioning seat 415, a top extension member 416, a reset member 417 and a feedback member 418. The positioning seat 415 is disposed at the front end of the drill box body 412; the top extension member 416 is disposed on the positioning seat 415 and can move back and forth in the front and rear directions; the reset member 417 is connected to the top extension member 416 to reset the top extension member 416; the feedback member 418 is connected to the control device 700 to receive and feedback the status signal of the top extension member 416.

[0063] In the above embodiment, before the drilling and expansion operation, the front end of the drill box body 412 is controlled to contact the section. At this time, the top extension member 416 is triggered and moves backward, thereby triggering the feedback member 418 to feed back the status signal of the top extension member 416 to the control device 700 to perform a preset delay operation. In this way, the positioning seat 415 can be completely driven into the rock mass to achieve three-level positioning, thereby ensuring the high precision and stability of the drilling and expansion operation, which helps to improve the overall excavation quality.

[0064] In the above embodiment, the first-level positioning is first achieved through the human eye, and then the position data deviation value between the actual position of the tunnel boring machine body 100 and the standard position is compensated to the drilling and expanding device 400 through the positioning device 500 to achieve the second-level positioning; then, at a distance of about 50 mm from the working surface, the drilling and expanding device 400 slows down and feeds forward slowly. At this time, the front end of the drill box body 412 is controlled to contact the section, and the signal of the feedback member 418 is used as the final execution signal judgment basis to carry out the drilling and expanding operation to achieve the third-level positioning, which helps to improve the accuracy of the drilling and expanding operation.

[0065] In the above embodiment, after the drill box body 412 is withdrawn, the reset member 417 can automatically reset the extension member 416 to the original position to ensure that it is in a normal state during the next operation.

[0066] In practical applications, a cavity is provided inside the positioning seat 415; the extension piece 416 is arranged in the cavity, and one end of the extension piece 416 passes through the positioning seat 415, and the reset piece 417 is sleeved on the extension piece 416. In this design, by arranging the extension piece 416, the reset piece 417 and the feedback piece 418 in the cavity, these components can be protected to avoid damage caused by accidents, thereby helping to extend the service life of the overall structure.

[0067] In some embodiments, the feedback member 418 includes a magnetic ring 4181 and a reed switch 4182. The magnetic ring 4181 is disposed on the top extension member 416 and moves synchronously with the top extension member 416; the reed switch 4182 is disposed on the positioning seat 415 and connected to the control device 700. In this way, when the top extension member 416 moves backward, the magnetic ring 4181 moves synchronously with the top extension member 416 to a position opposite to the reed switch 4182, so that the reed switch 4182 is turned on, so that the reed switch 4182 feeds back the state signal of the top extension member 416 to the control device 700. In this embodiment, the state of the top extension member 416 is determined by the detection signal of the reed switch 4182, the structure is simple, and the space occupied is small, so it is easy to install.

[0068] Thus, in practical applications, Fig.10First, the first level of positioning is achieved through human eye positioning, then the second level of positioning is achieved through the laser ranging positioning of the positioning device 500, and finally, the third level of positioning is achieved through the reed switch 4182 of the drill box 410. The combination of these three helps to improve the accuracy of the drilling operation.

[0069] Exemplarily, the reed switch 4182 is a commercially available product that has passed explosion-proof certification.

[0070] In some embodiments, the rock drilling assembly 420 includes a rock drill 421, a drill rod 422, and a first feeding mechanism 423; wherein the first feeding mechanism 423 is disposed on the drill box 410, and includes a slide rail 4231, a connecting seat 4232, and a driving unit 4233. The slide rail 4231 is disposed on the drill box 410 along the front-back direction; the connecting seat 4232 is disposed on the slide rail 4231 and can move along the slide rail 4231; the driving unit 4233 is connected to the connecting seat 4232 to drive the connecting seat 4232 to move; the rock drill 421 is disposed on the connecting seat 4232, and the drill rod 422 is disposed at the front end of the rock drill 421.

[0071] In practical applications, a guide seat cooperating with the slide rail 4231 is provided below the connecting seat 4232 , so that the connecting seat 4232 can move more smoothly.

[0072] In the above embodiment, the first feeding mechanism 423 further includes a displacement detection unit for detecting the moving distance of the connecting seat 4232, so as to ensure that the rock drill 421 and the drill rod 422 can be fed according to a predetermined depth.

[0073] In some embodiments, the displacement detection unit is a displacement sensor, and is connected to the driving unit 4233 , so that the moving distance of the connecting seat 4232 can be accurately obtained by detecting the stroke of the driving unit 4233 .

[0074] In some embodiments, the first feeding mechanism 423 further includes an idler wheel 4235 and a connecting rope 4236. One end of the connecting rope 4236 is connected to the connecting seat 4232, and the other end passes through the idler wheel 4235 and is connected to the driving unit 4233. In this way, even if the driving unit 4233 and the connecting seat 4232 are limited in space, power transmission can be achieved through the idler wheel 4235 and the connecting rope 4236, which helps to simplify the occupied space of the rock drilling assembly 420.

[0075] In the above embodiment, the connecting rope 4236 is a steel wire rope.

[0076] In some embodiments, the fracturing assembly 430 includes an expander 431 and a second feeding mechanism 432, and the second feeding mechanism 432 is connected to the expander 431 to drive the expander 431 to feed toward the working surface 600. Among them, the second feeding mechanism 432 and the first feeding mechanism 423 have the same structure, and there is no difficulty for those skilled in the art, so it will not be described in detail here. It can be understood that in actual applications, the second feeding mechanism 432 can also be different from the first feeding mechanism 423, and the second feeding mechanism 432 can be specifically set according to actual needs.

[0077] Reference Figure 4 In some embodiments, two sets of the front and rear telescopic devices 200 , the angle adjustment devices 300 and the drilling and expansion devices 400 are respectively provided and symmetrically arranged on the support plate 130 above the walking part 120 of the tunnel boring machine body 100 .

[0078] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 8 In some embodiments, the positioning device 500 includes at least four distance measuring sensors 510, which are used to measure the distances (L6, L5, L4 and L3) between the tunnel boring machine body 100 and the tunnel in the four directions of front, top, left and right, respectively, so as to determine the position of the tunnel boring machine body 100 in the tunnel. Exemplarily, the distance measuring sensor 510 is a laser distance measuring sensor.

[0079] In practical applications, taking the distance calculation from the drilling and expanding device 400 to the working surface 600 as an example, L1 is the distance from the working surface 600 to the drill rod 422, and L2 is the distance from the drill rod 422 to the positioning device 500; L1a is the distance from the front end of the cutting part 110 to the working surface 600, L2a is the distance from the front end of the cutting part 110 to the positioning device 500, and L3a is the distance from the drill rod 422 to the front end of the cutting part 110. In this way, L6=L1+L2=L1a+L2a; theoretically, L1a is "0", but in practice, it is difficult for the driver to accurately position every time, so we need to calculate the value of L1a, L1a=L6-L2a=L1-L3a. After calculating L1a, assign compensation to the drilling and expanding device 400 to achieve secondary positioning. The remaining L3, L4, and L5 positioning principles are similar and will not be repeated here.

[0080] In the above embodiment, the positioning device 500 further includes a protective cover 520 and a light-transmitting member 530. The protective cover 520 is a closed cavity, and the protective cover 520 is provided with through holes 521 in the front, top, left and right directions respectively. There are at least four light-transmitting members 530, which correspond to the through holes 521 one by one to close the through holes 521. Four distance measuring sensors 510 are arranged in the internal cavity of the protective cover 520, and the measurement signals can pass through the corresponding light-transmitting members 530. In this way, the distance measuring sensors 510 can be protected from being affected by the external environment (such as dust, moisture, etc.).

[0081] Exemplarily, the light-transmitting member 530 is made of scratch-resistant high-strength glass, and the protective cover 520 is made of sheet metal.

[0082] In some embodiments, the positioning device 500 further includes a cleaning member 540, and the cleaning member 540 is used to clean the light-transmitting member 530. In this embodiment, by adding the cleaning member 540 to clean the light-transmitting member 530, dust and other impurities attached to the surface of the light-transmitting member 530 can be removed, thereby ensuring the measurement accuracy and stability of the distance sensor 510.

[0083] In this embodiment, the cleaning member 540 is a high-pressure air nozzle, that is, cleaning is achieved by spraying high-pressure gas. Specifically, there are at least four cleaning members 540, which are arranged on the protective cover 520 and correspond to the light-transmitting members 530 one by one. It is understandable that the cleaning member 540 can also adopt a mechanical (such as a brush) or fluid (liquid) cleaning method, or a composite cleaning member combining multiple cleaning methods, and this embodiment is not limited to this.

[0084] Reference Figure 4 and Figure 5 In some embodiments, the front and rear telescopic device 200 is a two-stage telescopic structure, including a lower support rail 210, a lower moving part 220, an upper support rail 230 and an upper moving part 240. Specifically, the lower support rail 210 is mounted on the tunnel boring machine body 100, the lower moving part 220 is slidably mounted on the lower support rail 210, and the upper support rail 230 is mounted on the lower moving part 220 and is parallel to the lower support rail 210, and the upper moving part 240 is slidably mounted on the upper support rail 230. This design can ensure that the front and rear telescopic device 200 can be extended to a sufficient length to meet the operation requirements, and can also prevent the front and rear telescopic device 200 from occupying more installation space.

[0085] In practical applications, the front and rear telescopic device 200 can select a single-stage telescopic structure or a multi-stage telescopic structure according to actual needs, and this embodiment is not limited thereto.

[0086] In some embodiments, the angle adjustment device 300 includes a mounting seat 310 and a swivel mechanism 320. Specifically, the mounting seat 310 is mounted on the front and rear telescopic device 200; one end of the swivel mechanism 320 is connected to the mounting seat 310, and the other end is connected to the drilling and expanding device 400, so that the drilling and expanding device 400 is driven to rotate by the rotation of the swivel mechanism 320, thereby achieving the angle adjustment of the drilling and expanding device 400.

[0087] Exemplarily, the slewing mechanism 320 is a slewing motor.

[0088] In the above embodiment, there are two angle adjustment devices 300 (a first angle adjustment device and a second angle adjustment device), wherein the mounting seat 310 of the first angle adjustment device is connected to the slewing mechanism 320 of the second angle adjustment device 300, so that the two angle adjustment devices 300 can work together, thereby helping to increase the flexibility of the angle adjustment device 300. It is understandable that in actual applications, there may be three, four, five, etc. angle adjustment devices 300, and the present embodiment is not limited thereto. The connection method of multiple angle adjustment devices 300 refers to the connection relationship of two angle adjustment devices 300, which does not present any difficulty to those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail here.

[0089] According to the second aspect of the present application, the present application also proposes a method for drilling and breaking rock, which utilizes the drilling and breaking tunnel boring machine proposed in any of the above embodiments. Therefore, the method for drilling and breaking rock has all the beneficial effects of any of the above embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0090] Reference Fig. 9 Specifically, the drilling and breaking rock method comprises the following steps:

[0091] S102, using the cutting part of the roadheader at the bottom as a reference, the roadheader is moved close to the middle of the tunnel and close to the cross section to complete the first-level positioning;

[0092] S104, locating the actual position of the tunnel boring machine in the tunnel by using a positioning device;

[0093] S106, calculating the deviation between the position data of the actual position and the position data of the standard position;

[0094] S108, adjusting the actions of the angle adjustment device and the front and rear telescopic device according to the deviation value to complete the secondary positioning;

[0095] S110, controlling the drilling and expansion device to feed toward the working surface;

[0096] S112, drilling and breaking rock operations are performed.

[0097] In some embodiments, controlling the drilling and expansion device to feed the working surface specifically includes:

[0098] The front end of the control drill box body contacts the section. At this time, the top extension piece is triggered and moves to the trigger feedback piece. The feedback piece feeds back the state signal of the top extension piece to the control device, so that the control device executes the preset delay operation, thereby completely driving the positioning seat into the rock mass and completing the third-level positioning.

[0099] In the above embodiment, at a distance of about 50 mm from the working surface, the drilling and expanding device slows down and feeds forward slowly. At this time, the front end of the drill box body contacts the section, and the signal of the feedback component is used as the final execution signal judgment basis to carry out the drilling and expanding operation, which helps to improve the accuracy of the drilling and expanding operation.

[0100] It should be clarified that in the claims, specification and drawings of the present application, the term "multiple" refers to two or more than two. Unless otherwise clearly defined, the orientation or position relationship indicated by the terms "upper" and "lower" is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, which is only for the purpose of more conveniently describing the present application and making the description process easier, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have the specific orientation described, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, so these descriptions cannot be understood as limitations on the present application; the terms "connect", "install", "fix" and the like should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection between multiple objects, or a detachable connection between multiple objects, or an integral connection; it can be a direct connection between multiple objects, or an indirect connection between multiple objects through an intermediate medium. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood based on the specific circumstances of the above data.

[0101] In the claims, specification and drawings of the present application, the description of the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "specific embodiments" and the like means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In the claims, specification and drawings of the present application, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0102] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A drilling and tunneling machine, characterized in that: include: The tunnel boring machine body; A front and rear telescopic device, arranged on the tunnel boring machine body; An angle adjustment device, arranged on the front-rear telescopic device, the angle adjustment device can move back and forth in the front-rear direction under the action of the front-rear telescopic device; A drilling and expansion device, arranged on the angle adjustment device; A positioning device, used to locate the position of the tunnel boring machine body in the tunnel; A control device connected to the positioning device and capable of controlling the actions of the front and rear telescopic device and the angle adjustment device according to a signal from the positioning device; Wherein, when the front and rear telescopic devices are fully extended, the distance between the front end of the drilling and expansion device and the working surface is smaller than the distance between the front end of the cutting part of the tunnel boring machine body and the working surface; The drilling and expansion device comprises a drilling box, a rock drilling assembly and an expansion and fracturing assembly; the rock drilling assembly and the expansion and fracturing assembly are both installed on the drilling box; The drill box comprises: A base connected to the angle adjustment device; A drill box body, wherein the drill box body is rotatably connected to the base; A swing mechanism connected to the drill box body to drive the drill box body to rotate; Wherein, the rock drilling assembly and the expansion and fracturing assembly are both installed on the drilling box body; A positioning seat, arranged at the front end of the drilling box body; A top extension member is arranged on the positioning seat and can move back and forth in the front-back direction; A reset member connected to the top extension member; A feedback member connected to the control device and used for receiving and feeding back a status signal of the extension member; A cavity is provided inside the positioning seat, the top extension piece is arranged in the cavity, and one end of the top extension piece passes through the positioning seat, and the reset piece is sleeved on the top extension piece; The feedback element includes: A magnetic ring, arranged on the top extension member; A magnetic reed switch is arranged on the positioning seat and connected to the control device.

2. The drilling and tunneling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drill box further comprises a positioning cone holder; the positioning cone holder is connected to the base, and the drill box body is rotatably connected to the positioning cone holder.

3. The drilling and tunneling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rock drilling assembly comprises: A rock drill, a drill rod and a first feed mechanism; Wherein, the first feeding mechanism is arranged on the drilling box, and the first feeding mechanism comprises: A slide rail is arranged on the drill box along the front-rear direction; A connecting seat, which is arranged on the slide rail and can move along the slide rail; A driving unit connected to the connecting seat to drive the connecting seat to move; The rock drill is arranged on the connecting seat; The drill rod is arranged at the front end of the rock drill.

4. The drilling and tunneling machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first feeding mechanism further includes a displacement detection unit for detecting a moving distance of the connecting seat.

5. The drilling and tunneling machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first feeding mechanism also includes: Idler pulley, mounted on the drill box; A connecting rope has one end connected to the connecting seat and the other end passing around the idler wheel and connected to the driving unit.

6. The drilling and tunneling machine according to any one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that: The fracturing assembly includes a fracturing device and a second feeding mechanism; the fracturing device is connected to the second feeding mechanism; wherein the second feeding mechanism has the same structure as the first feeding mechanism.

7. The drilling and tunneling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning device comprises: At least four distance measuring sensors are used to measure the distance between the tunnel boring machine body and the tunnel in four directions: front, top, left and right.

8. The drilling and tunneling machine according to claim 7, characterized in that: The positioning device also includes: The protective cover is a closed cavity, and the protective cover is provided with through holes in the front, top, left and right directions respectively; At least four light-transmitting members are respectively arranged in the through holes to close the through holes; Wherein, the distance measuring sensor is arranged in the protective cover and is arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the light-transmitting member.

9. The drilling and tunneling machine according to claim 8, characterized in that: The positioning device also includes a cleaning member, and the cleaning member is used for cleaning the light-transmitting member.

10. A method for drilling and breaking rock, characterized in that: The method for drilling and breaking rock by using a drilling and breaking tunnel boring machine as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9 comprises the following steps: Using the cutting part of the tunnel boring machine at the bottom as a benchmark, move the tunnel boring machine close to the middle of the tunnel and close to the cross section to complete the first-level positioning; Locate the actual position of the tunnel boring machine in the tunnel by means of a positioning device; Calculating a deviation between the position data of the actual position and the position data of the standard position; Adjust the actions of the angle adjustment device and the front and rear telescopic device according to the deviation value to complete the secondary positioning; Control the drilling and expansion device to feed to the working surface; Carry out drilling and breaking rock operations.

11. The method for drilling and breaking rock according to claim 10, characterized in that: The drilling expansion device comprises a drilling box, a rock drilling assembly and a fracturing assembly; the drilling box comprises a drilling box body, a positioning seat, a top extension member, a reset member and a feedback member; wherein the positioning seat is arranged at the front end of the drilling box body; the top extension member is arranged on the positioning seat and can move back and forth in the front and rear directions; the reset member is connected to the top extension member; the feedback member is connected to the control device for receiving and feeding back the status signal of the top extension member; wherein the control of the drilling expansion device to feed to the working surface specifically comprises: The front end of the drill box body is controlled to contact the section. At this time, the top extension member is triggered and moves to trigger the feedback member. The feedback member feeds back the state signal of the top extension member to the control device, so that the control device executes a preset delay operation, thereby completely driving the positioning seat into the rock mass to achieve three-level positioning.

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