A variable-section particle damping elastic wave superstructure device for vibration isolation and noise reduction

Abstract

The present invention discloses a variable-section particle damping elastic wave superstructure device for vibration isolation and noise reduction, comprising a base, a cover plate, a column, a vibration source device, an enclosure panel, a sliding device and rigid ball particles; the base and the cover plate are both triangular structures, and the three top corners of the base and the cover plate are chamfered; a straight notch, a square slot and a rectangular slot are provided on one side close to each side of the base; there are three enclosure panels, and grids are staggered on the left and right sides of each enclosure panel, and the three enclosure panels are movably staggered in pairs through the grids to form a triangular prism cavity structure; a rectangular through hole is provided in the middle of each enclosure panel; a vibration source device is fixed to the outer side of each enclosure panel through a square slot; sliding devices are fixed on both sides of the vibration source device; the rigid ball particles are arranged in the space surrounded by the triangular prism cavity structure, the base and the cover plate to form a triangular prism-shaped stacked body.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of artificial elastic wave metastructure materials, and in particular to a variable-section particle damping elastic wave superstructure device for vibration isolation and noise reduction. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, research on the propagation characteristics of elastic waves and vibrations in periodic structures has attracted widespread attention. Elastic wave superstructures have frequency band gaps where elastic waves and vibrations are prohibited from propagating, and therefore can be applied to vibration isolation and noise reduction in mechanical engineering, civil engineering, aerospace, and other fields.

[0003] Traditional vibration isolation systems, such as rubber isolators and air spring isolators, have a fixed isolation frequency range once the system structure is fixed, making them unsuitable for situations where the excitation frequency varies. Furthermore, in traditional vibration isolation systems, the elastic wave transmission path is single, and vibrations in a specific direction can only be suppressed, making it difficult to achieve a good vibration reduction effect under complex working conditions. Artificial periodic structures can utilize the special design of their own geometry / materials to generate elastic wave band gaps to achieve the purpose of vibration reduction and noise reduction. By designing the elastic constants, density, filling ratio, structural shape, and dimensions of the components in the periodic structure, the position and width of the band gap of the periodic structure can be adjusted. The band gap characteristics and passband characteristics of the periodic structure are utilized to achieve vibration isolation and noise reduction effects. Compared to traditional vibration reduction systems, periodic structures can adjust the band gap position to cope with changes in the excitation frequency while meeting the mechanical properties of the structure, which is of great significance for the vibration reduction design of mechanical structures.

[0004] Particle dampers are highly robust passive dampers. Compared to other dampers, they have less stringent requirements for their operating environment and can operate normally in a variety of environments. Incorporating particle dampers into vibration isolation devices can effectively improve the isolation effect. Particle dampers consist of a cavity and internal particles, enclosing particles of different materials, shapes, and sizes within a cavity. This cavity can be either internal to the structure or attached to it. Particle dampers exhibit highly nonlinear behavior, dissipating the structure's kinetic energy through collisions between particles and the cavity walls, as well as frictional collisions between particles, achieving a vibration reduction effect. Particle dampers have a simple structure, are easy to install, and offer excellent vibration reduction performance, making them suitable for a variety of complex environments. Particle damping vibration reduction technology has been widely used in a variety of fields, including aerospace, civil engineering, and automotive. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art and provide a variable-section particle damping elastic wave superstructure device for vibration isolation and noise reduction. The device realizes a rigid connection vibration isolation method with variable scatterer cross-section, which can meet the vibration isolation problem under higher support strength.

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A variable-section particle damping elastic wave superstructure device for vibration isolation and noise reduction includes a base, a cover plate, a column, a vibration source device, a barrier panel, a sliding device, and rigid spherical particles; the base and the cover plate are both triangular structures, and the three top corners of the base and the cover plate are chamfered; a straight notch, a square slot, and a rectangular slot are provided on one side near each side of the base, and a circular slot for mounting the column is provided on the chamfered side of the base; the cover plate is provided with a circular through hole corresponding to the circular slot;

[0008] There are three enclosure panels, and grids are staggered on the left and right sides of each enclosure panel. The three enclosure panels are movably staggered and connected in pairs through the grids to form a triangular prism cavity structure; a rectangular through hole is provided in the middle of each enclosure panel; a flat key is provided at the bottom of each enclosure panel that can be slidably connected to the straight slot, and the movement direction of the enclosure panel is limited by the flat key;

[0009] The outer side of each enclosure panel is fixed with the vibration source device through the square slot, and the vibration source device is provided with a long vibration source rod extending into the rectangular through hole;

[0010] The sliding device is fixed on both sides of the vibration source device, and the sliding device includes a straight rack in contact with the surface of the enclosure panel, and a flat key is provided at the bottom of the straight rack and is slidably connected to the rectangular slot;

[0011] The rigid spherical particles are arranged in a space surrounded by the triangular prism cavity structure, the base and the cover plate to form a triangular prism-shaped stack;

[0012] The cover plate is fixed by the upright column and the circular through hole.

[0013] Furthermore, the vibration source device includes a vibration source long rod, an adjustable slider, a support column, a compression spring and a nut; the cross-section of the support column is square, the bottom of the support column is embedded in the square slot, and the surface of the support column is provided with a scale; the adjustable slider is movably connected to the support column, and a threaded hole is provided at one end of the slider, and the locking and movement of the adjustable slider are achieved by tightening the bolts and the threaded hole; the vibration source long rod is movably connected to the adjustable slider and can move up and down with the adjustable slider; the nut is provided at the front end of the vibration source long rod, and the compression spring is sleeved between the nut and the adjustable slider, one end of the compression spring is in contact with the surface of the adjustable slider, and the other end is in contact with the tail of the nut; the front end of the vibration source long rod passes through the nut and the rectangular through hole and is in contact with the rigid ball particles.

[0014] Furthermore, each sliding device includes a flat key, a spur gear, a spur rack, a rocker, a pawl, a bearing and a gear box; the spur rack is moved back and forth in a rectangular slot by a flat key fixed on its lower surface; the gear box is fixed to the base by fastening bolts; a cylinder and the spur gear are provided in the gear box, and the pawl is rotatably connected to the cylinder in the gear box to lock the backward movement of the spur rack; the inner hole of the spur gear is fixedly connected to the cylindrical surface of the rocker, and the rocker is fixed to the gear box through a bearing, and the spur rack and the spur gear are engaged with each other.

[0015] Furthermore, self-lubricating material is added into the straight notch and the rectangular slot to reduce friction and noise generated during the sliding process.

[0016] Furthermore, the grid portions of adjacent enclosure panels are in contact with each other and the adjacent enclosure panels are capable of relative movement.

[0017] Furthermore, the straight slot is perpendicular to the side of the base; as the enclosure panel moves forward and backward, the cross-sectional size and height of the rigid ball particle stack change; the height of the rigid ball particle stack is higher than the lowest point of the rectangular through hole of the enclosure panel and lower than the lower surface of the cover plate; the diameter of the rigid ball particles is larger than the row spacing of the grid part of the enclosure panel and the width of the straight slot.

[0018] Furthermore, a square through-hole is provided on one side of the adjustable slider, which can cooperate with the support rod to enable the adjustable slider to slide up and down along the support rod; a circular through-hole is provided on the other side of the adjustable slider, and the center line of the circular through-hole and the square through-hole are perpendicular to each other; a threaded through-hole is provided on one side of the square through-hole, which is used to cooperate with a fastening bolt to lock the position of the adjustable slider on the support rod; the surface of one side of the support rod with the scale is in the same direction as the side of the base, so that the position of each adjustable slider can be observed;

[0019] The vibration source long rod has a circular cross section and can move forward and backward through the circular through hole of the adjustable slider; the front end of the vibration source long rod is provided with a chamfer.

[0020] Furthermore, the length of the compression spring is greater than the maximum distance between the surface of the enclosure panel and the adjustable slider. When the vibration source long rod comes into contact with the rigid ball, the compression spring is in a compressed state.

[0021] Furthermore, the spur gear is fixed to the gear box by bearings on both sides of the rocker, and the rocker is rotated to realize the rotation of the spur gear. The spur gear drives the spur rack to move forward and backward along the direction of the corresponding rectangular slot on the base surface, and drives the movement of the enclosure panel; the rocker rotates clockwise to drive the spur rack to move forward, and the rocker rotates counterclockwise to drive the spur rack to move backward.

[0022] Furthermore, one end of the pawl can lock the counterclockwise rotation of the spur gear; the other end is provided with a circular pressing plate, which is used to release the pawl's lock on the spur gear rotation by pressing the circular pressing plate, so as to restore the spur rack to its initial position.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] 1. The device of the present invention has a triangular structure as a whole, and the main connection method between the various components is a rigid structural connection. Compared with the traditional flexible vibration isolation and noise reduction structure, it is more stable and has a smaller yield under high load conditions.

[0025] 2. The sliding device of the present invention adopts a gear rack mechanism. The gear rack transmission structure is simple, there is no sliding during the transmission process, and it has high transmission stability. By reasonably designing the tooth shape of the gear rack, high transmission accuracy can be guaranteed, and the transmission ratio can be adjusted to meet different working environment requirements. Compared with general transmission mechanisms, it has the advantages of high precision, good stability, and strong durability.

[0026] 3. The device of the present invention can adjust the height of the vibration source long rod by changing the position of the adjustable slider on the support rod. Different support rods have the same scale bar, which can accurately adjust different vibration source long rods to the same or different heights, thereby forming different elastic wave transmission paths in the rigid spherical scatterer, and realizing vibration isolation and noise reduction in complex situations.

[0027] 4. The enclosure panels of the present invention can move forward and backward along the straight slots on the base. The enclosure panels in three directions move independently without mutual constraints. The size of the triangular prism space cross-section enclosed by the enclosure panels, base and cover plate can achieve a larger range of variation.

[0028] 5. The enclosure panel of the present invention includes a solid middle part and grid parts staggered on the left and right sides. The relative movement of adjacent enclosure panels occurs on the grid parts. The proportions of the solid part and the grid part on the enclosure panel can be reasonably designed according to actual needs, thereby increasing or decreasing the range of variation of the triangular prism space cross-section enclosed by the panel, which can meet the vibration isolation requirements under different vibration conditions.

[0029] 6. The embodiment of the present invention has a three-dimensional configuration. Compared with one-dimensional and two-dimensional vibration isolation and noise reduction devices, it has the characteristics of three-dimensional multi-directional, multi-angle and multi-level vibration suppression. By reasonably designing the proportion of the grid part in the enclosure panel and the position of the three panels, rigid ball scatterers with different cross-sectional areas and different heights can be obtained. By relying on the collision between the rigid ball particles to dissipate the vibration energy, different particle damping effects can be achieved, thereby achieving better vibration suppression effects for a variety of complex vibration conditions.

[0030] 7. A ratchet mechanism is fixed in the gear box of the present invention, which can lock the transmission of the gear rack and maintain the size of the cross-section of the rigid ball scatterer when the spatial cross-section size is selected, and the lock can be released by pressing the circular button at the other end of the ratchet to restore the device to its initial position.

[0031] 8. In the present invention, the straight notches on the base surface and the front surface of the enclosure panel where it contacts the rigid ball are coated with a self-lubricating material to reduce friction. Furthermore, the front end of the vibration source rod can be chamfered, and the chamfered edge can be ground to increase the radius of curvature to reduce the contact stress generated when in contact with the rigid ball, thereby enhancing the vibration isolation and noise reduction effects of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a variable-section particle damping elastic wave superstructure device for vibration isolation and noise reduction provided by an embodiment of the present invention (excluding the cover plate).

[0033] Figure 2 A schematic structural diagram of a variable-section particle damping elastic wave superstructure device for vibration isolation and noise reduction provided by an embodiment of the present invention (excluding the cover plate).

[0034] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the explosion structure of the variable-section particle damping elastic wave superstructure device.

[0035] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the base structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the enclosure panel structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the explosion structure of the vibration source device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the sliding device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 8 A schematic cross-sectional view of the structure of a sliding device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 9 FIG. 4 is a response curve diagram of an embodiment of the present invention under cross-section one.

[0041] Figure 10 FIG. 4 is a response curve diagram of the embodiment of the present invention under the second cross-section condition.

[0042] Figure 11 FIG. 4 is a response curve diagram of an embodiment of the present invention under the third cross-section condition.

[0043] Figure 1: 1-base, 2-cover, 3-enclosure panel, 4-vibration source long rod, 5-adjustable slider, 6-fastening bolt, 7-support column, 8-compression spring, 9-nut, 10-column, 11-spur gear, 12-spur rack, 13-rocker, 14-pawl, 15-gearbox, 16-bearing, 17-flat key, 18-rigid ball particle DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0045] A variable-section particle-damped elastic wave superstructure device for vibration isolation and noise reduction, according to an embodiment of the present invention, employs a scheme: a device requiring vibration isolation at a specific frequency is connected to the device of the present invention via a long vibration source rod. The elastic waves are transmitted through the long vibration source rod to a periodically arranged array of rigid sphere scatterers. During vibration, the rigid sphere scatterers dissipate energy primarily through collisions between the rigid sphere particles and with the enclosure panel, thereby achieving vibration isolation and noise reduction for elastic waves of a specific frequency. The device includes a sliding mechanism that drives the enclosure panel forward and backward along a straight slot on the base via a rack-and-pinion transmission mechanism, thereby varying the cross-sectional area and height of the rigid sphere scatterers in the device and achieving varying particle damping effects. By adjusting the proportion of the grid portion of the enclosure panel and the cross-sectional area of ​​the rigid sphere scatterers for different vibration conditions, better vibration suppression can be achieved. A ratchet in the device locks the rotation of the spur gear, preventing arbitrary movement of the enclosure panel during operation and effectively maintaining the stability of the device during use. Furthermore, pressing the ratchet returns the device to its initial position.

[0046] The embodiment of the present invention provides a variable cross-section particle damping elastic wave superstructure device for vibration isolation and noise reduction. Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, it includes: a base 1, a cover plate 2, a barrier panel 3, a vibration source long rod 4, an adjustable slider 5, a fastening bolt 6, a support rod 7, a compression spring 8, a nut 9, a column 10, a spur gear 11, a spur rack 12, a rocker 13, a pawl 14, a gear box 15, a bearing 16, a flat key 17 and rigid ball particles 18. The base 1 is placed horizontally. The base 1 and the cover plate 2 are both triangular structures, and the three top corners of the base 1 and the cover plate 2 are chamfered to form short sides. Four types of slots are provided on the upper surface of the base, namely straight slots symmetrically distributed about the midline of the long side, square slots near the midpoint of the long side, rectangular slots symmetrically distributed about the midpoint of the long side, and circular slots near the midpoint of the short side (corner). Self-lubricating material is added to the straight slots on the surface of the base. In addition, a plurality of threaded blind holes are provided on the surface of the base, which are respectively distributed in the corresponding rectangular slots. The gear box 15 is fixed to the surface of the base by fastening bolts 6. The structural diagram of the base is shown in FIG. Figure 4 The cover plate 2 has three circular through holes on its surface, which correspond to the three circular slots on the base surface. The cover plate 2 is fixed by the columns 10 .

[0047] A rectangular through hole is provided in the middle solid part of the enclosure panel 3 along the center line. The vibration source long rod 4 can contact the rigid ball particles 18 through the rectangular through hole. The left and right grid parts of the enclosure panel are staggered with each other, thereby realizing the relative movement of adjacent panels. A flat key is fixed at the bottom center of the enclosure panel 3, which can keep the enclosure panel 3 moving forward and backward along the straight groove on the surface of the base 1 under the push of the straight rack 12. The structural diagram of the enclosure panel is shown in FIG. Figure 5 The vibration source rod 4, adjustable slider 5, fastening bolt 6, support rod 7, compression spring 8 and nut 9 constitute the vibration source system of the device of the present invention. The vibration of a specific frequency is transmitted to the rigid spherical scatterer through the vibration source rod 4. The structural details of the vibration source device are shown in the schematic diagram. Figure 6 The spur gear 11, spur rack 12, rocker 13, pawl 14, gear box 15, bearing 16 and key 17 form a sliding device. The structural details of the sliding device are shown in the following figure. Figure 7 shown.

[0048] In this embodiment, three vibration source devices are provided, each located near the midpoint of the three long sides of the base 1. The support rod 7 in the vibration source device has a square cross-section and is fixed in a square slot on the surface of the base 1. The support rod 7 is provided with a scale on one side facing outward to accurately determine the positions of the three vibration sources. The adjustable slider 5 is provided with a square and a circular through-hole at both ends, respectively. Through the square through-hole, the adjustable slider can slide up and down on the support rod, and the slider is fixed to a specific position on the support rod by a fastening bolt 6. The vibration source long rod 4 can move back and forth on the adjustable slider through the circular through-hole at one end of the adjustable slider 5, and move up and down along the support rod with the adjustable slider. The nut 9 is fixed to the front end stud of the vibration source long rod 4, and can adjust the distance between the vibration source long rod 4 and the rigid ball particles 18 so that the vibration source long rod contacts the rigid ball particles without causing significant displacement of the rigid balls. The compression spring 8 is sleeved on the vibration source long rod, with its front end in contact with the nut and the rear end in contact with the adjustable slider 5. The length of the compression spring 8 is slightly larger than the maximum distance from the enclosure panel 3 to the adjustable slider 5, ensuring that the compression spring is always in a compressed state during the movement of the panel, and the vibration source long rod can fully contact the rigid ball particles.

[0049] In this embodiment, there are six sliding devices, which are respectively located near the center lines of the three long sides of the base 1 and symmetrically distributed about the center lines. The front end of the spur rack 12 in the sliding device contacts the enclosure panel 3, and a flat key 17 is fixed at the bottom. The center line of this flat key 17 is parallel to the center line of the flat key at the bottom of the enclosure panel, which constrains the spur rack to move along the straight notch direction on the surface of the base 1 and pushes the panel forward at the same time. The upper surface of the spur rack 12 is meshed with the spur gear 11 to ensure the accuracy and stability of the transmission. The gear box 15 is fixed in the rectangular slot on the surface of the base by fastening bolts. The inner hole of the spur gear 11 is fixedly connected to the cylindrical surface of the rocker 13, and the rocker 13 is correctly positioned on the gear box by the bearing 16, ensuring that the spur gear 11 maintains the correct position during rotation to avoid collision and friction with the gear box 15. The gearbox 15 contains a cylindrical rod located directly above the circular through-hole on the surface of the gearbox. This cylindrical rod is movably connected to the pawl 14, allowing the clockwise rotation of the spur gear 11 to drive the spur rack 12 forward. When the spur rack 12 moves backward, the spur gear 11 rotates counterclockwise, locking the pawl 14 and preventing the device from moving freely during operation. The other end of the pawl 14 contains a circular button. Pressing this button can release the lock between the pawl and the spur gear, restoring the device to its original position. The structural cross-sectional diagram of the sliding device is shown in the figure. Figure 8 shown.

[0050] In this embodiment, rigid spherical particles 18 are distributed in the triangular prism space enclosed by the enclosure panel 3, the base 1, and the cover plate 2. The diameter of the rigid spherical particles should be larger than the straight slots of the base 1 and the width of the rectangular through-holes on the surface of the enclosure panel 3, as well as the row spacing of the grid portion on the enclosure panel 3. The cross-sectional area of ​​the scatterer formed by the stacked rigid spherical particles changes as the panel moves forward and backward. By colliding with each other and with the panel, different particle damping effects can be achieved, thereby achieving better vibration suppression for vibrations of a specific frequency transmitted from the vibration source rod 4 to the rigid spherical scatterer. The position of the vibration source rod 4 can be flexibly adjusted within a certain height via the adjustable slider 5. The height of the rigid spherical particles 18 stacked in the triangular prism space varies with the change in the cross-sectional area of ​​the rigid spherical scatterer. The minimum height is greater than the lowest point of the vibration source rod 4, and the maximum height cannot exceed the lower surface of the cover plate. The structural parameters of the rigid spherical particles 18 can be flexibly adjusted within this range, and the material parameters of the rigid spheres can be changed according to different vibration conditions. The above settings further improve the practicality and flexibility of the variable-section particle damping elastic wave superstructure device.

[0051] The working principle of the variable-section particle damping elastic wave superstructure device for vibration isolation and noise reduction in the above embodiment of the present invention includes:

[0052] The rigid sphere scatterers in this device are composed of rigid sphere particles periodically stacked within a triangular prism. Due to the bandgap characteristics of artificial periodic structures, when elastic waves propagate within the structure, the interaction between internal components prevents them from propagating within certain frequency ranges, known as bandgaps. The propagation of elastic waves and vibrations within these bandgaps is reduced, thereby achieving vibration isolation and noise reduction. By manipulating the shape, structural parameters, or material properties of the artificial periodic structure, the bandgap can be controlled, thereby realizing the unique vibration characteristics of artificial periodic structures.

[0053] This device is a variable-section particle-damped elastic wave superstructure. It achieves vibration reduction by dissipating structural energy through the collision of rigid spherical particles with the panel surface and through mutual collision between the particles. The size and material of the rigid spherical particles can be flexibly selected to suit different vibration conditions. Furthermore, the cross-sectional area and height of the rigid spherical scatterers vary with the forward and backward movement of the spur rack, achieving variable particle damping effects. This further expands the frequency range that the device can suppress, providing new insights into the design of periodic elastic wave superstructures.

[0054] According to the finite element results, the vibration conditions of the embodiment of the present invention under three different cross-sectional conditions in different frequency ranges were calculated. The ratio of the three cross-sectional areas is 6:7:8. The response curve of the device is as follows: Figure 9 、 Figure 10 and Figure 11 As shown in the graph, it can be seen that the frequency range of the device can be changed by changing the cross-sectional area of ​​the rigid sphere scatterer, and due to the particle damping effect, the vibration response of the device at different frequencies is significantly attenuated.

[0055] In summary, compared to conventional periodic vibration isolation devices, the device of the present invention's embodiment features a variable-cross-section, multi-particle configuration that can suppress the propagation of vibrations of corresponding frequencies in a plane and in multiple spatial directions. Furthermore, by varying the cross-sectional area of ​​the particles, the frequency range that the device can suppress can be changed. This device can be used in situations where it is necessary to suppress elastic waves and vibrations of multiple frequencies in multiple spatial directions. For this purpose, it provides a nonlinear vibration isolation and noise reduction device with a variable cross-section, easy adjustment, rotational locking, purely mechanical control, and flexible selection of vibration frequencies.

[0056] The device and system embodiments described above are merely illustrative. The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, i.e., they may be located in one location or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of these modules may be selected based on actual needs to achieve the objectives of the present embodiments. Persons of ordinary skill in the art will be able to understand and implement the present embodiments without inventive effort.

[0057] It will be understood by those skilled in the art that, unless expressly stated otherwise, the singular forms "a", "an", "said" and "the" used herein may also include the plural forms. It should be further understood that the term "comprising" used in the description of the present invention refers to the presence of the features, integers, steps, operations, elements and / or components, but does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components and / or groups thereof. It should be understood that when we refer to an element as being "connected" or "coupled" to another element, it may be directly connected or coupled to the other element, or there may be intermediate elements. In addition, "connected" or "coupled" as used herein may include wireless connections or couplings. The term "and / or" used herein includes any unit and all combinations of one or more associated listed items.

[0058] The present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above. The above description of the specific embodiments is intended to describe and illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention. The above specific embodiments are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Without departing from the scope of the present invention and the scope of protection of the claims, those skilled in the art may make various specific modifications based on the teachings of the present invention, all of which fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A variable cross-section particle damping elastic wave superstructure device for vibration isolation and noise reduction, characterized in that: It includes a base, a cover plate, a column, a vibration source device, a barrier panel, a sliding device and rigid ball particles; the base and the cover plate are both triangular structures, and the three corners of the base and the cover plate are chamfered; a straight slot, a square slot and a rectangular slot are provided on one side close to each side of the base, and a circular slot for mounting the column is provided on the chamfered side of the base; the cover plate is provided with a circular through hole corresponding to the circular slot; There are three enclosure panels, and grids are staggered on the left and right sides of each enclosure panel. The three enclosure panels are movably staggered and connected in pairs through the grids to form a triangular prism cavity structure; a rectangular through hole is provided in the middle of each enclosure panel; a flat key is provided at the bottom of each enclosure panel that can be slidably connected to the straight slot, and the movement direction of the enclosure panel is limited by the flat key; The outer side of each enclosure panel is fixed with the vibration source device through the square slot, and the vibration source device is provided with a long vibration source rod extending into the rectangular through hole; The sliding device is fixed on both sides of the vibration source device, and the sliding device includes a straight rack in contact with the surface of the enclosure panel, and a flat key is provided at the bottom of the straight rack and is slidably connected to the rectangular slot; The rigid spherical particles are arranged in a space surrounded by the triangular prism cavity structure, the base and the cover plate to form a triangular prism-shaped stack; The cover plate is fixed by the upright posts and the circular through holes.

2. The variable cross-section particle damping elastic wave superstructure device for vibration isolation and noise reduction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vibration source device includes a vibration source long rod, an adjustable slider, a support column, a compression spring and a nut; the cross-section of the support column is square, the bottom of the support column is embedded in the square slot, and the surface of the support column is provided with a scale; the adjustable slider is movably connected to the support column, and one end of the adjustable slider is provided with a threaded hole, and the locking and movement of the adjustable slider are achieved by tightening the bolts and the threaded hole; the vibration source long rod is movably connected to the adjustable slider and can move up and down with the adjustable slider; the nut is provided at the front end of the vibration source long rod, and the compression spring is sleeved between the nut and the adjustable slider, one end of the compression spring is in contact with the surface of the adjustable slider, and the other end is in contact with the tail of the nut; the front end of the vibration source long rod passes through the nut and the rectangular through hole and is in contact with the rigid ball particles.

3. The variable cross-section particle damping elastic wave superstructure device for vibration isolation and noise reduction according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each sliding device includes a flat key, a spur gear, a spur rack, a rocker, a pawl, a bearing and a gear box; the spur rack is moved back and forth in a rectangular slot by a flat key fixed on its lower surface; the gear box is fixed to the base by fastening bolts; a cylinder and the spur gear are provided in the gear box, and the pawl is rotatably connected to the cylinder in the gear box to lock the backward movement of the spur rack; the inner hole of the spur gear is fixedly connected to the cylindrical surface of the rocker, and the rocker is fixed to the gear box by a bearing, and the spur rack and the spur gear are engaged with each other.

4. The variable cross-section particle damping elastic wave superstructure device for vibration isolation and noise reduction according to claim 1, characterized in that: Self-lubricating material is added into the straight slot and the rectangular slot to reduce friction and noise generated during the sliding process.

5. The variable cross-section particle damping elastic wave superstructure device for vibration isolation and noise reduction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grid portions of adjacent enclosure panels are in contact with each other and the adjacent enclosure panels are capable of relative movement.

6. The variable cross-section particle damping elastic wave superstructure device for vibration isolation and noise reduction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The straight slot is perpendicular to the side of the base; as the enclosure panel moves forward and backward, the cross-sectional size and height of the rigid ball particle stack change; the height of the rigid ball particle stack is higher than the lowest point of the rectangular through hole of the enclosure panel and lower than the lower surface of the cover plate; the diameter of the rigid ball particles is larger than the row spacing of the grid part of the enclosure panel and the width of the straight slot and the rectangular through hole.

7. The variable cross-section particle damping elastic wave superstructure device for vibration isolation and noise reduction according to claim 2, characterized in that: A square through-hole is provided on one side of the adjustable slider, which can cooperate with the support rod to enable the adjustable slider to slide up and down along the support rod; a circular through-hole is provided on the other side of the adjustable slider, and the center line of the circular through-hole and the square through-hole are perpendicular to each other; a threaded through-hole is provided on one side of the square through-hole, which is used to cooperate with a fastening bolt to lock the position of the adjustable slider on the support rod; the surface of one side of the support rod with the scale is in the same direction as the side of the base, so that the position of each adjustable slider can be observed; The vibration source long rod has a circular cross section and can move forward and backward through the circular through hole of the adjustable slider; the front end of the vibration source long rod is provided with a chamfer.

8. The variable cross-section particle damping elastic wave superstructure device for vibration isolation and noise reduction according to claim 2, characterized in that: The length of the compression spring is greater than the maximum distance between the surface of the enclosure panel and the adjustable slider. When the vibration source long rod comes into contact with the rigid ball, the compression spring is in a compressed state.

9. The variable cross-section particle damping elastic wave superstructure device for vibration isolation and noise reduction according to claim 3, characterized in that: The spur gear is fixed to the gear box by bearings on both sides of the rocker. The rocker is rotated to rotate the spur gear. The spur gear drives the spur rack to move forward and backward along the direction of the corresponding rectangular slot on the base surface, and drives the movement of the enclosure panel; the rocker rotates clockwise to drive the spur rack forward, and the rocker rotates counterclockwise to drive the spur rack backward.

10. A variable cross-section particle damping elastic wave superstructure device for vibration isolation and noise reduction according to claim 3 or 9, characterized in that: One end of the pawl can lock the counterclockwise rotation of the spur gear; the other end is provided with a circular pressing plate, which is used to release the pawl's lock on the spur gear rotation by pressing the circular pressing plate, so as to restore the spur rack to its initial position.

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