Wireless channel access methods, apparatuses, systems, devices, media, and program products

Abstract

The application relates to the communication technical field, and provides a wireless channel access method, device, system, equipment, medium and program product. If a certain station obtains channel use right, actual channel occupation time for executing a data transmission task is determined. If the actual channel occupation time for data transmission is less than the maximum channel occupation time defined by a protocol, the station sends information such as residual channel use time and a station identity to at least one target wireless station after executing the data transmission task, so as to transfer the channel use right to the target wireless station. The station identity of the target wireless station meets a preset correlation condition with the station identity of the station. After the target wireless station judges that the condition is met, the target wireless station directly occupies the channel for transmission, and does not need to perform a channel competition access procedure. The application can avoid the interframe interval and random backoff waiting delay caused by the channel competition of each wireless station, and greatly improves the channel use rate and the overall system efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a wireless channel access method, apparatus, system, device, medium, and program product. Background Technology

[0002] The Internet of Things (IoT) technology refers to a technology that connects various home devices to the internet via sensor devices and protocols to achieve smart home functionality. In home IoT, various IoT devices typically need to communicate via wireless channels; therefore, wireless channel management mechanisms play a crucial role in home IoT systems. The traditional wireless channel management mechanisms specified in the 802.11 protocol often suffer from low spectrum utilization, severe collisions, and high transmission latency when dealing with a large number of IoT devices.

[0003] Under the existing wireless LAN contention access mechanism, wireless stations must wait for an inter-frame interval and a random backoff time before transmitting data. During this period, the channel must remain idle for the wireless station to gain access. If multiple wireless stations have a small amount of data to transmit at the same time, they must compete for the channel. Each wireless station that gains access will block other nodes from obtaining the channel. This access method cannot fully utilize channel resources, resulting in low overall system efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a wireless channel access method, apparatus, system, device, medium, and program product to fully utilize channel resources and improve the efficiency of communication systems.

[0005] In a first aspect, this application provides a wireless channel access method applicable to wireless sites, comprising:

[0006] If the right to use the channel is obtained, the actual transmission time for executing the data transmission task is determined;

[0007] If the actual transmission time does not reach the predetermined maximum continuous transmission time, the transmission information corresponding to the channel usage right is sent to at least one target wireless station so that the channel usage right is transmitted to the target wireless station.

[0008] Wherein, the wireless site identifier of the target wireless site and the wireless site identifier of the wireless site meet the preset relevant conditions.

[0009] In one embodiment, prior to obtaining channel access rights, the method further includes:

[0010] In response to the received transmission information, determine whether the wireless station identifier in the transmission information matches the wireless station identifier of the wireless station;

[0011] If the relevant conditions are met and there is a data transmission task to be executed, the corresponding data transmission scheme is selected to execute the data transmission task based on whether the wireless station starts random fallback. Otherwise, the wireless station identifier in the transmission information is modified to the wireless station identifier of the wireless station, and the modified transmission information is sent to at least one of the target wireless stations.

[0012] If the aforementioned conditions are not met, and the wireless station has a data transmission task to be executed and is in an inter-frame interval waiting or random rollback state, the rollback counter will be frozen; otherwise, no response will be made.

[0013] In one embodiment, selecting a corresponding data transmission scheme to execute the data transmission task based on whether the wireless station has started random fallback includes:

[0014] If the wireless station does not initiate random fallback, it directly occupies the channel to perform the data transmission task;

[0015] If the wireless station has started random fallback or is in a fallback timer frozen state, set the fallback timer to zero and occupy the channel to perform the data transmission task.

[0016] In one embodiment, before selecting the corresponding data transmission scheme and executing the data transmission task based on whether the wireless station has started random fallback, the method further includes:

[0017] Extract the remaining maximum continuous transmission time from the transmission information. If the remaining maximum continuous transmission time is less than the time required for the data transmission task to be executed and the wireless station does not accept partial data transmission, modify the wireless station identifier in the transmission information to the wireless station identifier of the wireless station, and send the modified transmission information to at least one of the target wireless stations.

[0018] In one embodiment, sending the transmission information corresponding to the channel usage right to at least one of the target wireless stations includes:

[0019] If the wireless station uses a multi-beam propagation method and each beam is independent of the others, the transmission information is determined based on the remaining maximum duration of transmission for each beam and the wireless station identifier of the wireless station, and the transmission information is sent to at least one of the target wireless stations; otherwise, the transmission information is determined based on the remaining maximum duration of transmission for the wireless station or the same remaining maximum duration of transmission for all beams and the wireless station identifier of the wireless station, and the transmission information is sent to at least one of the target wireless stations.

[0020] The remaining maximum continuous transmission time is determined based on the actual transmission time and the maximum continuous transmission time.

[0021] Secondly, this application also provides a wireless channel access device, comprising:

[0022] The determination module is used to determine the actual transmission time for executing the data transmission task if the channel usage right is obtained;

[0023] The transmission module is used to send the transmission information corresponding to the channel usage right to at least one target wireless station so as to transmit the channel usage right to the target wireless station if the actual transmission time does not reach the predetermined maximum continuous transmission time.

[0024] Wherein, the wireless site identifier of the target wireless site and the wireless site identifier of the wireless site meet the preset relevant conditions.

[0025] Thirdly, this application also provides a wireless channel access system, including multiple wireless stations, each of which is used to implement any of the wireless channel access methods described above.

[0026] Fourthly, this application also provides an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the program to implement any of the wireless channel access methods described above.

[0027] Fifthly, this application provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the wireless channel access method as described above.

[0028] In a sixth aspect, the present invention also provides a computer program product, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the wireless channel access method as described above.

[0029] The wireless channel access method, apparatus, system, device, medium, and program products provided in this application allow a wireless station that has obtained the right to use the channel to transfer the right to use the channel to other wireless stations according to the wireless station identifier when the data transmission is completed and the actual transmission time has not reached the maximum continuous transmission time. This makes full use of the maximum continuous transmission time obtained by a wireless station in one competition for the channel. When multiple wireless stations have a small amount of data to send in adjacent time periods, this application can avoid the inter-frame interval and random backoff waiting delay caused by each wireless station competing for the channel individually, and greatly improve the channel utilization rate and the overall system efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0030] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the contention-based wireless LAN channel access mechanism specified in the current 802.11 protocol;

[0032] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the current channel access mechanism;

[0033] Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating the wireless channel access method provided in this application;

[0034] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the channel access mechanism provided in this application;

[0035] Figure 5 This is one of the flowcharts illustrating the information transmission process provided in this application;

[0036] Figure 6 This is the second flowchart illustrating the information transmission process provided in this application;

[0037] Figure 7 This is a schematic block diagram of the wireless channel access device provided in this application;

[0038] Figure 8 This is a flowchart illustrating the wireless channel access method implemented by the wireless channel access system provided in this application.

[0039] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electronic device provided in this application. Detailed Implementation

[0040] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the technical solutions of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0041] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the contention-based wireless LAN channel access mechanism specified in the current 802.11 protocol, as shown below. Figure 1 As shown, the 802.11 protocol is the most widely used protocol in wireless local area networks. It specifies a contention-based channel access mechanism on a shared channel, called Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance (CSMA / CA), as detailed below:

[0042] (1) When a wireless station wants to send a message, it listens to whether the channel is idle;

[0043] (2) If the channel is busy, wait for the channel to be idle; if the channel is idle, wait for one inter-frame interval and then listen for the channel to be idle again.

[0044] (3) If the channel is busy at this time, wait for the channel to be idle; if the channel is still idle at this time, if it is the first time the wireless station needs to transmit data, start sending data directly; otherwise, start the random backoff process: the wireless station randomly selects a backoff value in the random backoff window as the initial value of the backoff counter, and listens to the channel every time a unit backoff time slot is elapsed. If the channel is idle, the value of the backoff counter is decremented by 1; otherwise, the counter is frozen, and the backoff process continues after the channel is idle again and after waiting for a distributed inter-frame interval.

[0045] (4) When the value of the backoff counter is 0, the wireless station occupies the channel and starts transmitting.

[0046] Sensing channel idleness involves both physical carrier sensing (PCS) and virtual carrier sensing (VCS). PCS, or CCA mechanism, is performed by energy detection and carrier sensing together. Energy detection directly determines whether a signal is being transmitted on the channel based on the amount of energy received at the physical layer. If the signal strength is higher than the energy detection threshold, the channel is considered busy; if it is lower, the channel is considered idle. Carrier sensing detects the preamble sequence in the physical layer header of the 802.11 data frame. During channel sensing, nodes continuously sample the channel signal, perform autocorrelation or cross-correlation on the preamble sequence, and compare the calculated correlation value with a threshold. If the correlation value is higher than the threshold, a signal is considered detected; if it is lower, no signal is considered detected.

[0047] The 802.11 standard uses the NAV (Network Access Visibility) mechanism to implement virtual eavesdropping. The Duration field in the MAC frame records the "duration time the channel is continuously used," which is used by the wireless station sending the frame to inform all wireless stations listening on that channel of its estimated "transmission duration." Wireless stations receiving this frame update their NAV values ​​based on the Duration field value in the frame; during this time period, the wireless stations believe the channel is occupied.

[0048] In the protocol, CCA has two detection methods, namely energy detection and carrier sensing. If either method determines that the channel is occupied, the radio station considers the channel to be busy. If both detection methods determine that the channel is idle, the radio station then checks whether the virtual carrier sensing mechanism is 0. If all the above conditions are met, the radio station considers the channel to be idle.

[0049] The 802.11 Carrier Sense Multiple Access / Collision Avoidance (CSMA / COLO) wireless channel access mechanism puts all wireless stations in a level playing field, transmitting data through contention for access. However, with the rapid growth of various wireless network services, this access mechanism proves inadequate for applications requiring concurrent services and QoS differentiation. Therefore, IEEE designed 802.11e to address the inherent shortcomings of 802.11 in QoS design. It defines four access categories to prioritize data streams. When voice, video, best-effort packets, and background data streams are forwarded to the MAC layer, they enter the corresponding access category queue according to their priority. Each access category is associated with four key parameters (minimum contention window, maximum contention window, maximum duration, and arbitration inter-frame interval) to independently compete for the channel. If a collision occurs during data transmission, data in the higher-priority access category queue will have priority to occupy the channel for transmission. Once the right to use the channel is obtained, the wireless station can continuously transmit multiple data packets within the duration defined by the "maximum duration" parameter.

[0050] On the other hand, to address the issue of excessively large collision domains in wireless LANs, 802.11n introduced MIMO and beamforming technologies, while 802.11ac optimized and improved beamforming technology. Beamforming technology refers to a wireless node using pre-known channel state information to control the transmission signal of each antenna, concentrating the energy of radio waves in a specific direction. Beamforming technology allows radio waves to cover a longer distance in the target direction and a smaller coverage area in non-target directions, thereby improving the performance of wireless networks in mid-range coverage.

[0051] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the current channel access mechanism, such as... Figure 2As shown, suppose there are three wireless stations A, B, and C, and one wireless access point. Station A has data to send first. After waiting for the inter-frame interval and completing a random backoff, it successfully accesses the channel. Its actual channel usage time is less than the maximum allowed continuous transmission time. Station B also has data to send. During its random backoff process, because station A is using the channel, the backoff process is interrupted, and the counter's remaining value is frozen. When the channel becomes idle again, the random backoff process continues. When the backoff counter value is decremented to 0, station B begins to use the channel to send data. Its actual channel usage time is also less than the maximum allowed continuous transmission time. After station B finishes sending data, station C has data to send before B's maximum continuous transmission time expires. It needs to wait for the inter-frame interval and successfully complete a random backoff before accessing the channel.

[0052] As can be seen from the above process, there are two reasons for the excessively long channel access delay for wireless stations. Firstly, the 802.11e channel access mechanism is essentially a single-point access mechanism; a wireless station currently using the channel will block other nodes from accessing it. When there are many wireless stations in the area network, and their data arrival times are close, the mutual blocking between wireless stations causes excessively long waiting delays. For example... Figure 2 The shaded area between wireless stations A and B is shown. On the other hand, the wireless station that previously occupied the channel completed its data transmission within the maximum allowed duration of transmission. However, even if its remaining maximum duration of transmission is sufficient to allow another wireless station to transmit data, when that other wireless station wants to use the channel, it still needs to wait for the inter-frame interval and successfully complete the random backoff process before it can use the channel, resulting in low channel utilization. Figure 2 The shaded area between wireless stations B and C is shown.

[0053] To address these issues, this application proposes a wireless channel contention access mechanism based on multi-wireless-site cooperation. This mechanism fully utilizes the maximum allowed continuous transmission time obtained by a single wireless site competing for a channel through cooperation among multiple wireless sites, avoiding the inter-frame intervals and random backoff waiting delays caused by each wireless site competing for a channel individually.

[0054] If a wireless station obtains channel access and transmits data, and there is still a remaining maximum continuous transmission time, then if the channel access can be handed over to another wireless station that needs to transmit data, that wireless station can skip the process of listening to the channel before transmission and directly occupy the channel to complete the transmission. If the maximum continuous transmission time has not yet been reached, the channel access can be handed over to the next wireless station that needs to transmit data. This reduces the transmission waiting latency of wireless stations, achieves more efficient spectrum utilization and lower channel contention, thereby improving the transmission performance of the entire home IoT system.

[0055] Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating the wireless channel access method provided in this application, as shown below. Figure 3 As shown, this application provides a wireless channel access method, applicable to wireless sites, including:

[0056] Step S310: If the channel usage right is obtained, determine the actual transmission time for performing the data transmission task; the channel usage right may be obtained by the wireless station listening to whether the channel is idle, or it may be obtained by other wireless stations.

[0057] Step S320: If the actual transmission time does not reach the predetermined maximum continuous transmission time, the transmission information corresponding to the channel usage right is sent to at least one target wireless station so as to transfer the channel usage right to the target wireless station.

[0058] Wherein, the wireless site identifier of the target wireless site and the wireless site identifier of the wireless site meet the preset relevant conditions.

[0059] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the channel access mechanism provided in this application, such as... Figure 4 As shown, after obtaining channel usage rights, if a wireless station needs to send data, it executes the data transmission task corresponding to the data to be sent. The wireless station has a timer to determine the actual transmission time from the start of data transmission to the completion of data transmission. The maximum continuous transmission time is determined when the channel usage rights are obtained. If the channel usage rights are transferred from other wireless stations, the maximum continuous transmission time is determined by the information being transmitted.

[0060] If a wireless station that has obtained channel usage rights completes its transmission but has not reached the maximum allowed continuous transmission time, it can transfer the channel usage rights to another wireless station, i.e., the target wireless station. The target wireless station's wireless station identifier is the last N bits of the target wireless station's wireless station identifier, where N is a positive integer. For example, if the target wireless station's wireless station identifier (id) is 0, then the target wireless station's wireless station identifier (id) is 0 + N. This application uses N equal to 1 as an example, where the target wireless station's wireless station identifier (id) is 1. The wireless station identifier is predetermined, and each wireless station has a unique wireless station identifier (id).

[0061] It is understood that this application allows a wireless station that has obtained the right to use the channel to transfer the right to use the channel to other wireless stations based on the wireless station identifier when the data transmission is completed and the actual transmission time has not reached the maximum continuous transmission time. This makes full use of the maximum continuous transmission time obtained by a wireless station in competing for the channel once. When multiple wireless stations have a small amount of data to send in adjacent time periods, this application can avoid the inter-frame interval and random backoff waiting delay caused by each wireless station competing for the channel individually, and greatly improve the channel utilization and overall system efficiency.

[0062] Based on the above embodiments, as an optional embodiment, sending the transmission information corresponding to the channel usage right to at least one of the target wireless stations includes:

[0063] If the wireless station uses a multi-beam propagation method and each beam is independent of the others, the transmission information is determined based on the remaining maximum duration of transmission for each beam and the wireless station identifier of the wireless station, and the transmission information is sent to at least one of the target wireless stations; otherwise, the transmission information is determined based on the remaining maximum duration of transmission for the wireless station or the same remaining maximum duration of transmission for all beams and the wireless station identifier of the wireless station, and the transmission information is sent to at least one of the target wireless stations.

[0064] The remaining maximum continuous transmission time is determined based on the actual transmission time and the maximum continuous transmission time, and the remaining maximum continuous transmission time is equal to the difference between the maximum continuous transmission time and the actual transmission time.

[0065] Figure 5 This is one of the flowcharts illustrating the information transmission process provided in this application, such as... Figure 5 As shown, if wireless station A does not use multi-beam transmission, or although it uses multi-beam transmission, all beams share the same set of key parameters (minimum value of contention window, maximum value of contention window, maximum duration of transmission, arbitration inter-frame interval), then when wireless station A hands over channel credit, the information it transmits needs to include the remaining maximum duration of transmission and its own ID.

[0066] Figure 6 This is the second flowchart illustrating the information transmission process provided in this application, such as... Figure 6 As shown, if wireless station A uses multiple beams for transmission, and each beam independently competes for the channel, that is, the four key parameters of each beam (minimum value of the competition window, maximum value of the competition window, maximum duration of transmission, and arbitration inter-frame interval) are independent, then when wireless station A hands over channel credit, the information it transmits needs to include the remaining maximum duration of transmission for each beam and its own ID.

[0067] When wireless site A uses multi-beam transmission, if each beam independently competes for the channel, then each beam should have its own back-off counter and maximum continuous transmission time timer.

[0068] Understandably, this application provides transmission information corresponding to different transmission methods used by wireless sites to ensure accurate transmission of channel usage rights, thereby improving channel utilization and overall system efficiency.

[0069] Based on the above embodiments, as an optional embodiment, before obtaining the right to use the channel, the following steps are also included:

[0070] In response to the received transmission information, determine whether the wireless station identifier in the transmission information matches the wireless station identifier of the wireless station;

[0071] If the relevant conditions are met and there is a data transmission task to be executed, the corresponding data transmission scheme is selected to execute the data transmission task based on whether the wireless station starts random fallback. Otherwise, the wireless station identifier in the transmission information is modified to the wireless station identifier of the wireless station, and the modified transmission information is sent to at least one of the target wireless stations.

[0072] If the aforementioned conditions are not met, and the wireless station has a data transmission task to be executed and is in an inter-frame interval waiting or random rollback state, the rollback counter will be frozen; otherwise, no response will be made.

[0073] Optionally, the step of selecting a corresponding data transmission scheme to execute the data transmission task based on whether the wireless station has started random fallback includes:

[0074] If the wireless station does not initiate random fallback, it directly occupies the channel to perform the data transmission task;

[0075] If the wireless station has started random fallback or is in a fallback timer frozen state, set the fallback timer to zero and occupy the channel to perform the data transmission task.

[0076] In this embodiment, the received transmission information comes from other wireless stations. It is determined whether the wireless station identifier in the transmission information and the wireless station identifier of the wireless station meet the relevant conditions, that is, whether the wireless station identifier in the transmission information and the wireless station identifier of the wireless station meet the condition of id+N.

[0077] If the relevant conditions are met, and if the wireless station has no data to be transmitted, it can modify the ID in the transmission information to its own ID and then relinquish the channel usage right. If there is data to be transmitted, and random backoff has not yet started, then there is no need to perform random backoff; the channel can be directly occupied for transmission. If random backoff has already started or the backoff timer is frozen, the backoff counter can be set to 0, and the channel can be occupied for transmission.

[0078] If the relevant conditions are not met, and there is no data to be sent, no response will be made; if there is data to be sent, and the wireless station is waiting for inter-frame intervals or performing random backoff, after receiving the channel handover information, it will consider the channel busy and freeze the random backoff counter.

[0079] It is understood that this application proposes a technical solution for a wireless station to receive channel usage rights from other wireless stations. This solution can make full use of the maximum allowed continuous transmission time obtained by a wireless station competing for a channel once. When multiple wireless stations have a small amount of data to send in adjacent time periods, it avoids the inter-frame interval and random backoff waiting delay caused by each wireless station competing for the channel individually, thus greatly improving channel utilization and overall system efficiency.

[0080] Based on the above embodiments, as an optional embodiment, before selecting the corresponding data transmission scheme to execute the data transmission task according to whether the wireless station has started random fallback, the method further includes:

[0081] Extract the remaining maximum continuous transmission time from the transmission information. If the remaining maximum continuous transmission time is less than the time required for the data transmission task to be executed and the wireless station does not accept partial data transmission, modify the wireless station identifier in the transmission information to the wireless station identifier of the wireless station, and send the modified transmission information to at least one of the target wireless stations.

[0082] Since the remaining maximum sustained transmission time may be less than the time required for a single transmission by the current wireless station, eligible wireless stations (whose ID is the ID value in the received message + 1) can determine whether to accept the channel usage right this time. If an eligible wireless station needs to transmit continuously, and the required transmission time is greater than the remaining maximum sustained transmission time, the wireless station can choose not to transmit data and hand over the channel usage right to the next wireless station with the next ID. If an eligible wireless station can accept transmitting only a portion of the data within the remaining maximum sustained transmission time and continuing to transmit data when it next obtains the channel usage right, then the wireless station can utilize the remaining maximum sustained transmission time it has obtained this time, without waiting for the inter-frame interval and random backoff time, and directly occupy the channel for transmission.

[0083] It is understood that this application provides a technical solution for partial transmission at a wireless site, which improves the flexibility of data transmission.

[0084] The wireless channel access device provided in this application is described below. The wireless channel access device described below can be referred to in correspondence with the wireless channel access method described above.

[0085] Figure 7 This is a schematic block diagram of the wireless channel access device provided in this application, such as... Figure 7 As shown, this application also provides a wireless channel access device, including:

[0086] The determination module 710 is used to determine the actual transmission time for performing the data transmission task if the channel usage right is obtained.

[0087] The transmission module 720 is used to send the transmission information corresponding to the channel usage right to at least one target wireless station so as to transmit the channel usage right to the target wireless station if the actual transmission time does not reach the predetermined maximum continuous transmission time.

[0088] Wherein, the wireless site identifier of the target wireless site and the wireless site identifier of the wireless site meet the preset relevant conditions.

[0089] It should be noted that the wireless channel access device provided by the present invention can execute the wireless channel access method described in any of the above embodiments during specific operation, and has the technical effects corresponding to the wireless channel access method. This embodiment will not elaborate on this aspect.

[0090] Figure 8 This is a flowchart illustrating the wireless channel access method implemented in the wireless channel access system provided in this application, as shown below. Figure 8As shown, this application also provides a wireless channel access system, including multiple wireless stations, each of which is used to implement any of the wireless channel access methods described above.

[0091] (1) Set the ID for each wireless station in the wireless LAN.

[0092] (2) When a wireless station wants to send a message, it listens to whether the channel is idle.

[0093] (3) If the channel is busy, wait for the channel to be idle; if the channel is idle, wait for one inter-frame interval and then listen to the channel again to see if it is idle.

[0094] (4) If the channel is busy at this time, wait for the channel to become idle; if the channel is still idle at this time, if it is the first time the wireless station needs to transmit data, start transmitting data directly; otherwise, start the random backoff process: the wireless station randomly selects a backoff value in the random backoff window as the initial value of the backoff counter, and listens to the channel every time a backoff time slot is elapsed. If the channel is idle, the value of the backoff counter is decremented by 1; otherwise, the counter is frozen, and the backoff process continues after the channel becomes idle again and after waiting for a distributed inter-frame interval.

[0095] (5) When the value of the backoff counter is 0, the wireless station occupies the channel and begins to transmit.

[0096] (6) If a wireless station that has obtained the right to use the channel does not reach the maximum continuous transmission time after completing the transmission, the wireless station shall pass the right to use the channel to the next wireless station in order of ID. The information transmitted shall include at least: the remaining maximum continuous transmission time and the ID of the wireless station. Specifically, depending on whether the wireless station uses multi-beam transmission, the transmitted information shall be differentiated as follows:

[0097] ① If the wireless station does not use multi-beam transmission, or if it does use multi-beam transmission but all beams share the same set of key parameters (minimum contention window, maximum contention window, maximum duration of transmission, and arbitration inter-frame interval), then the information transmitted by the wireless station when handing over channel credit rights must include the remaining maximum duration of transmission and its own ID.

[0098] ② If a wireless station uses multiple beams for transmission, and each beam independently competes for the channel, meaning that the four key parameters of each beam (minimum value of the competition window, maximum value of the competition window, maximum duration of transmission, and arbitration inter-frame interval) are independent, then when the wireless station hands over channel credit, the information it transmits must include the remaining maximum duration of transmission for each beam and its own ID.

[0099] Note: When a wireless site uses multi-beam transmission, if each beam independently competes for the channel, then each beam should have its own back-off counter and maximum continuous transmission time timer.

[0100] (7) If each wireless station that receives the information finds that its ID is id+1 in the information, that is, the next wireless station after the wireless station ID that handed over the channel usage right, and if it has no data to transmit, it can modify the ID in the information to its own ID and then hand over the channel usage right again; if it has data to transmit, and if it has not yet started random backoff, it does not need to perform random backoff and can directly occupy the channel for transmission; if it has already started random backoff or is in the backoff timer frozen state, it can set the backoff counter to 0 and occupy the channel for transmission.

[0101] Note: Since the remaining maximum sustained transmission time may be less than the time required for a single transmission by the current wireless station, eligible wireless stations (whose ID is the ID value in the received message + 1) can determine whether to accept the channel usage right this time. If an eligible wireless station needs to transmit continuously, and the required transmission time is longer than the remaining maximum sustained transmission time, the wireless station can choose not to transmit data and hand over the channel usage right to the next eligible wireless station. If an eligible wireless station can accept transmitting only a portion of the data within the remaining maximum sustained transmission time and continuing to transmit data when it next obtains the channel usage right, then the wireless station can utilize the remaining maximum sustained transmission time obtained this time without waiting for the inter-frame interval and random backoff time, and directly occupy the channel for transmission.

[0102] (8) If each wireless station that receives the information finds that its ID is not id+1 in the information and has no data to send, it shall not respond. If it has data to send and the wireless station is waiting for inter-frame intervals or performing random backoff, it shall consider the channel busy and freeze the random backoff counter after receiving the channel handover information.

[0103] The wireless channel contention access mechanism based on multi-site cooperation proposed in this application allows a wireless site that has obtained the right to use the channel to hand over the right to use the channel to the next wireless site in order of ID after completing data transmission and having a remaining maximum continuous transmission time. If the next wireless site needs to transmit data and determines that it can complete the data transmission using the remaining maximum continuous transmission time, it can directly occupy the channel for transmission without waiting for inter-frame intervals or random backoff.

[0104] This application can make full use of the maximum allowed continuous transmission time obtained by a station competing for a channel once. When multiple wireless stations have a small amount of data to transmit in adjacent time periods, the proposed scheme can avoid the inter-frame interval and random backoff waiting delay caused by each station competing for the channel individually, thus greatly improving the channel utilization and overall system efficiency.

[0105] By employing a multi-site collaboration mechanism, this application can effectively improve the wireless channel utilization of IoT devices in a home IoT system and reduce wireless channel contention latency, thereby supporting the access of more devices and higher-quality, lower-latency data transmission. Therefore, this application is highly relevant to home IoT projects and is expected to bring significant technological breakthroughs and application value to the home IoT field.

[0106] Furthermore, in scenarios where multiple wireless stations have a small amount of data to transmit simultaneously, the technical solution provided in this application can significantly reduce the latency caused by each station competing for the channel individually, thereby improving the overall system efficiency. This has broad application prospects and significant market value in wireless LAN station-dense communication systems, such as smart homes and smart factories.

[0107] Figure 9 An example is a schematic diagram of the physical structure of an electronic device, such as... Figure 9 As shown, the electronic device may include: a processor 910, a communication interface 920, a memory 930, and a communication bus 940, wherein the processor 910, the communication interface 920, and the memory 930 communicate with each other through the communication bus 940. The processor 910 can call logical instructions in the memory 930 to execute a wireless channel access method, which includes:

[0108] If the right to use the channel is obtained, the actual transmission time for executing the data transmission task is determined;

[0109] If the actual transmission time does not reach the predetermined maximum continuous transmission time, the transmission information corresponding to the channel usage right is sent to at least one target wireless station so that the channel usage right is transmitted to the target wireless station.

[0110] Wherein, the wireless site identifier of the target wireless site and the wireless site identifier of the wireless site meet the preset relevant conditions.

[0111] Furthermore, the logical instructions in the aforementioned memory 930 can be implemented as software functional units and, when sold or used as independent products, can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of this application. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0112] On the other hand, this application also provides a computer program product, which includes a computer program that can be stored on a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the computer is able to execute the wireless channel access method provided by the above methods, the method including:

[0113] If the right to use the channel is obtained, the actual transmission time for executing the data transmission task is determined;

[0114] If the actual transmission time does not reach the predetermined maximum continuous transmission time, the transmission information corresponding to the channel usage right is sent to at least one target wireless station so that the channel usage right is transmitted to the target wireless station.

[0115] Wherein, the wireless site identifier of the target wireless site and the wireless site identifier of the wireless site meet the preset relevant conditions.

[0116] In another aspect, this application also provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program thereon, which, when executed by a processor, is implemented to perform the wireless channel access method provided by the methods described above, the method comprising:

[0117] If the right to use the channel is obtained, the actual transmission time for executing the data transmission task is determined;

[0118] If the actual transmission time does not reach the predetermined maximum continuous transmission time, the transmission information corresponding to the channel usage right is sent to at least one target wireless station so that the channel usage right is transmitted to the target wireless station.

[0119] Wherein, the wireless site identifier of the target wireless site and the wireless site identifier of the wireless site meet the preset relevant conditions.

[0120] The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the modules can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs. Those skilled in the art can understand and implement this without any creative effort.

[0121] Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that each embodiment can be implemented by means of software plus necessary general-purpose hardware platforms, and of course, it can also be implemented by hardware. Based on this understanding, the above technical solutions, in essence or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, such as ROM / RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc., and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in the various embodiments or some parts of the embodiments.

[0122] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. A wireless channel access method, characterized in that, Suitable for wireless sites, including: If the right to use the channel is obtained, the actual transmission time for executing the data transmission task is determined; If the actual transmission time does not reach the predetermined maximum continuous transmission time, the transmission information corresponding to the channel usage right is sent to at least one target wireless station so that the channel usage right is transmitted to the target wireless station. Wherein, the wireless site identifier of the target wireless site and the wireless site identifier of the wireless site meet the condition id+N, where id is the wireless site identifier of the wireless site and N is a positive integer; Before obtaining channel usage rights, the following are also included: In response to the received transmission information, determine whether the wireless station identifier in the transmission information and the wireless station identifier of the wireless station meet the condition id+N; If the relevant conditions are met and there is a data transmission task to be executed, the corresponding data transmission scheme is selected to execute the data transmission task based on whether the wireless station starts random fallback. If the wireless station has no data to be transmitted, the wireless station identifier in the transmission information is modified to its own ID, and the modified transmission information is sent to at least one of the target wireless stations, and the channel usage right is handed over again. If the aforementioned conditions are not met, and the wireless station has a data transmission task to be executed and is in an inter-frame interval waiting or random backoff state, after receiving the channel handover information, it considers the channel busy, freezes the backoff counter, and does not respond if there is no data to be sent. The step of selecting a corresponding data transmission scheme and executing the data transmission task based on whether the wireless station has started random fallback includes: If the wireless station does not initiate random fallback, it directly occupies the channel to perform the data transmission task; If the wireless station has started random fallback or is in a fallback timer frozen state, set the fallback timer to zero and occupy the channel to perform the data transmission task.

2. The wireless channel access method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Before selecting the corresponding data transmission scheme and executing the data transmission task based on whether the wireless station has started random fallback, the method further includes: Extract the remaining maximum continuous transmission time from the transmission information. If the remaining maximum continuous transmission time is less than the time required for the data transmission task to be executed and the wireless station does not accept partial data transmission, modify the wireless station identifier in the transmission information to the wireless station identifier of the wireless station, and send the modified transmission information to at least one of the target wireless stations.

3. The wireless channel access method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Sending the transmission information corresponding to the channel usage right to at least one of the target wireless stations includes: If the wireless station uses a multi-beam propagation method and each beam is independent of the others, the transmission information is determined based on the remaining maximum duration of transmission for each beam and the wireless station identifier of the wireless station, and the transmission information is sent to at least one of the target wireless stations; otherwise, the transmission information is determined based on the remaining maximum duration of transmission for the wireless station or the same remaining maximum duration of transmission for all beams and the wireless station identifier of the wireless station, and the transmission information is sent to at least one of the target wireless stations. The remaining maximum continuous transmission time is determined based on the actual transmission time and the maximum continuous transmission time.

4. A wireless channel access device, characterized in that, include: The determination module is used to determine the actual transmission time for executing the data transmission task if the channel usage right is obtained; The transmission module is used to send the transmission information corresponding to the channel usage right to at least one target wireless station so as to transmit the channel usage right to the target wireless station if the actual transmission time does not reach the predetermined maximum continuous transmission time. Wherein, the wireless site identifier of the target wireless site and the wireless site identifier of the wireless site meet the condition id+N, where id is the wireless site identifier of the wireless site and N is a positive integer; Before obtaining channel usage rights, the following are also included: In response to the received transmission information, determine whether the wireless station identifier in the transmission information and the wireless station identifier of the wireless station meet the condition id+N; If the relevant conditions are met and there is a data transmission task to be executed, the corresponding data transmission scheme is selected to execute the data transmission task based on whether the wireless station starts random fallback. If the wireless station has no data to be transmitted, the wireless station identifier in the transmission information is modified to its own ID, and the modified transmission information is sent to at least one of the target wireless stations, and the channel usage right is handed over again. If the aforementioned conditions are not met, and the wireless station has a data transmission task to be executed and is in an inter-frame interval waiting or random backoff state, after receiving the channel handover information, it considers the channel busy, freezes the backoff counter, and does not respond if there is no data to be sent. The step of selecting a corresponding data transmission scheme and executing the data transmission task based on whether the wireless station has started random fallback includes: If the wireless station does not initiate random fallback, it directly occupies the channel to perform the data transmission task; If the wireless station has started random fallback or is in a fallback timer frozen state, set the fallback timer to zero and occupy the channel to perform the data transmission task.

5. A wireless channel access system, characterized in that, It includes multiple wireless stations, each of which is used to implement the wireless channel access method as described in any one of claims 1 to 3.

6. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that, When the processor executes the program, it implements the wireless channel access method as described in any one of claims 1 to 3.

7. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the wireless channel access method as described in any one of claims 1 to 3.

8. A computer program product, comprising a computer program, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the wireless channel access method as described in any one of claims 1 to 3.

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