High-efficiency and harmless treatment system for funeral parlor fly ash and precise control method

Abstract

The present invention provides an efficient and harmless treatment system for funeral parlor fly ash and a precise control method. The treatment system includes a storage device, a metering device, a mixer, a receiving ton bag, an ash bag hoist, a bag opener, and a control system. The ash bag hoist is used to lift the ash collection bag and transport it to the bag opener. The bag opener tears the ash collection bag, and the fly ash after bag tearing enters the storage device. The metering device measures various materials for batching. The mixer stirs the materials to form a mixture, and the output semi-solid mixture enters the receiving ton bag. By setting the ash bag hoist and the bag opener, people only need to place the ash collection bag in the ash bag hoist. The ash bag hoist is lifted to the bag opener, and the bag opener automatically tears the ash collection bag, with efficient treatment and no fly ash leakage. By setting the acquisition device, the action range and position of the blades of the bag opener can also be adjusted according to the size of the ash collection bag and the amount of fly ash in it, which is beneficial to quickly drain the fly ash in the ash collection bag.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of environmental protection in funeral parlors, and particularly relates to a high-efficiency harmless treatment system and a precise control method for fly ash in funeral parlors. Background Art

[0002] Incineration fly ash is a solid particulate matter generated during the garbage incineration process. After being filtered and captured by the flue gas purification system, it is transported to the fly ash treatment workshop for solidification and stabilization treatment. Incineration fly ash contains heavy metals such as iron, copper, and zinc with relatively high leaching concentrations. If these harmful heavy metal substances are not effectively treated, they will re-enter the environment, pollute the underground water source, and endanger humans.

[0003] CN202010321142.3 discloses a fly ash solidification device in a funeral parlor, including a storage device, a conveying device, a weighing device, a stirring device, a forming device, and a control device; the storage device stores the ash residue, stored water, and stored curing agent output by the incinerator; the conveying device transports the ash residue, curing agent, and water to the stirring device; the weighing device weighs the ash residue to control the output weight of the ash residue; the stirring device stirs the ash residue, curing agent, and water to form a mixture; the forming device solidifies and forms the stirred mixture.

[0004] The fly ash treated by the flue gas purification system is usually collected in the ash collection bag under the dust collector. For funeral parlors with conditions, a set of the aforementioned fly ash solidification device can be configured, and the conveying device is directly connected to the ash collection bag to transport the fly ash therein to the stirring device; for funeral parlors without a configured fly ash solidification device, the ash collection bag needs to be taken away and sent to the aforementioned fly ash solidification device, and the fly ash in the ash collection bag is discharged into the storage device by means of bag opening. However, when manually opening the bag, the fly ash diffuses, not only polluting the environment but also causing harm to the bag-opening personnel. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention aims to solve the technical problems existing in the prior art. The first object of the present invention is to provide a high-efficiency harmless treatment system for fly ash in funeral parlors, and the second object of the present invention is to provide a precise control method based on the aforementioned high-efficiency harmless treatment system for fly ash in funeral parlors.

[0006] To achieve the first above-mentioned objective, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: An efficient and harmless treatment system for funeral home fly ash, comprising a storage device, a metering device, a mixer, a receiving ton bag, a dust bag hoist, a bag opener, and a control system. The storage device, the conveying device, the metering device, the mixer, the dust bag hoist, and the bag opener are respectively connected to the control system; the storage device includes a fly ash bin, a curing agent bin, and a water source for respectively storing fly ash, curing agent, and water. The dust bag hoist is used to lift the dust collection bag and transport it to the bag opener. The bag opener has a bag-breaking mechanism for breaking the bag of the dust collection bag therein. The ash outlet of the bag opener is connected to the feed inlet of the fly ash bin. The bag opener further includes an acquisition device for obtaining the size of the dust collection bag and the amount of fly ash. The output end of the acquisition device is connected to the control system. The control system adjusts the blade action range and the blade position of the bag-breaking mechanism according to the size of the obtained dust collection bag and the amount of fly ash therein; the metering device is built into the storage device or located downstream of the storage device. The metering device includes a fly ash metering device, a curing agent metering device, and a water metering device for respectively weighing fly ash, curing agent, and water and controlling the output weights of the three. The fly ash metering device, the curing agent metering device, and the water metering device are located above the mixer. The materials weighed by the fly ash metering device, the curing agent metering device, and the water metering device enter the mixer simultaneously or at different times. The mixer stirs the fly ash, curing agent, and water therein to form a mixture. The discharge port of the mixer is connected to the receiving ton bag.

[0007] In the above technical solution, the storage device is used to store various materials; the metering device is used to measure various materials for batching; the mixer is used to stir the materials to form a mixture and solidify under the action of the curing agent; the receiving ton bag is used to receive the semi-solid mixture output by the mixer and can be completely solidified after a certain period of curing for harmless treatment; moreover, by setting the dust bag hoist and the bag opener, people only need to place the dust collection bag in the dust bag hoist. The dust bag hoist lifts the dust collection bag and transports it to the bag opener. The bag opener automatically breaks the bag of the dust collection bag therein, with high efficiency and closed operation, no fly ash leakage, reducing environmental pollution, and no need for manual bag breaking, avoiding the harm caused to workers by the fly ash during bag breaking; in addition, the bag opener is also provided with an acquisition device, and the blade action range and the blade position of the bag-breaking mechanism can also be adjusted according to the size of the dust collection bag and the amount of fly ash therein, which is beneficial to quickly discharging the fly ash in the dust collection bag.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the curing agent includes cement and / or chelating agent; the curing agent bin for storing cement is a cement bin, and the curing agent metering device for weighing cement is a cement metering device; the curing agent bin for storing chelating agent is a chelating agent bin, and the curing agent metering device for weighing chelating agent is a chelating agent metering device. The chelating agent output by the chelating agent metering device enters the water metering device in proportion, is configured into a chelating agent solution and then output to the mixer; and / or the fly ash metering device is built in the fly ash bin, and the fly ash in the fly ash bin enters the mixer in a way of reducing metering. The curing agent metering device is arranged downstream of the curing agent bin, and the water metering device is arranged downstream of the water source.

[0009] In the above technical solution, the curing agent adopts cement and / or chelating agent, which can ensure the stabilization effect of heavy metals in fly ash. The leaching concentration of heavy metals in the treated fly ash meets the requirements of domestic waste sanitary landfills and can enter the sanitary landfill for landfill, reducing the fly ash treatment cost; the fly ash in the fly ash bin enters the mixer in a way of reducing metering. While the fly ash is being stirred in the mixer, materials can be cumulatively conveyed into the fly ash bin, improving the accuracy and production efficiency of the treatment system.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the ash bag hoist includes a closed barrel. The barrel is provided with a feed inlet and a discharge outlet located above the feed inlet. At one end inside the barrel, a driving wheel is installed, and at the other end, a driven wheel is installed. Inside the barrel, there is also a traction belt that forms a closed loop around the driving wheel and the driven wheel. A number of ash lifting buckets are suspended on the traction belt. An external ash collection bag can be placed in the ash lifting bucket through the feed inlet of the barrel and conveyed by the traction belt to the discharge outlet of the barrel. A tipping mechanism is installed in the barrel to tip the ash lifting bucket at the discharge outlet of the barrel so as to pour out the ash collection bag therein to the unpacking machine.

[0011] In the above technical solution, the barrel is a closed outer shell, there is no fly ash leakage, the environmental pollution is small, and there is no loss of fly ash during the whole process of feeding, conveying and discharging of the ash collection bag.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the traction belt is a chain or a belt; when the traction belt is a chain, the driving wheel includes a driving sprocket engaged with the chain and a motor for driving the driving sprocket to rotate, and the driven wheel is a driven sprocket rotatably connected to the barrel; when the traction belt is a belt, the driving wheel includes a driving pulley connected to the belt and a motor for driving the driving pulley to rotate, and the driven wheel is a driven pulley rotatably connected to the barrel; and / or the barrel includes a horizontally arranged head, a horizontally arranged tail located below the head, and an intermediate section connecting the head and the tail. The driving wheel is installed in the head, the driven wheel is installed in the tail, and transmission wheels are provided at the connection between the head and the intermediate section and at the connection between the tail and the intermediate section. The traction belt is tensioned by the transmission wheels.

[0013] In the above technical solution, a sprocket-chain mechanism or a belt-pulley mechanism is used to convey a number of ash buckets, which can achieve long-distance and large-batch conveyance, with high efficiency and high reliability; the head and the tail are for horizontal conveyance, and the middle part is for vertical lifting. The horizontal conveyance and the vertical lifting are integrated, with a compact structure and a small floor area.

[0014] In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the unpacking machine includes an unpacking box body, a bag-holding rack arranged in the unpacking box body for placing ash collection bags, a bag-breaking mechanism for breaking the ash collection bags on the bag-holding rack, and an ash bag collection device for taking away and collecting the empty ash collection bags with the fly ash discharged from the bag-holding rack. The unpacking box body has a feed inlet provided with a feed valve. The bottom of the unpacking box body is connected with a discharge bin. The fly ash output after the ash collection bags are broken enters the discharge bin. An ash discharge valve is arranged at the ash discharge port at the bottom of the discharge bin. The ash discharge port of the discharge bin is connected with the feed inlet of the fly ash bin.

[0015] In the above technical solution, the entire unpacking process is carried out in a fully enclosed unpacking box body, effectively solving the problem of dust spillage, reducing environmental pollution and harm to the human body, and realizing dust-free operation.

[0016] In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the feed inlet of the unpacking box body is located at its top. The bag-holding rack is connected with a vertical driving mechanism for driving its vertical movement. The vertical driving mechanism drives the bag-holding rack to move back and forth between the feed inlet of the unpacking box body and the bag-breaking mechanism; a feed pipe is connected at the feed inlet of the unpacking box body, and the feed valve is arranged at the top of the feed pipe. The bag-holding rack can move into the feed pipe and be hermetically connected with the inner wall of the feed pipe.

[0017] In the above technical solution, by setting the vertical driving mechanism, the ash collection bags discharged from the discharge opening of the ash bag hoist are caught by the bag-holding rack, which can avoid the ash collection bags falling from a high altitude onto the bag-holding rack and reduce the discharging impact; when the bag-holding rack catches the ash collection bags, the feed pipe is closed by the bearing platform to avoid the fly ash in the unpacking box body from spilling out.

[0018] To achieve the second above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a precise control method for the efficient and harmless treatment system of funeral home fly ash, including the following steps: obtaining the size of the ash collection bag and the amount of fly ash therein; adjusting the blade action range of the bag-breaking mechanism according to the size of the ash collection bag; adjusting the blade position of the bag-breaking mechanism according to the amount of fly ash in the ash collection bag.

[0019] In the above technical solution, according to the size of the ash collection bag and the amount of fly ash therein, the blade action range and the blade position of the bag-breaking mechanism are adjusted, which is conducive to quickly discharging the fly ash in the ash collection bag.

[0020] In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the method for obtaining the size of the ash collection bag and the amount of fly ash therein is as follows: The camera captures an image of the ash collection bag to obtain the length, width, and height of the ash collection bag, thereby determining its size; the ultrasonic sensor sends ultrasonic pulses along the height of the ash collection bag and measures the echo time to determine the height of the fly ash in the ash collection bag.

[0021] In the above technical solution, the size of the ash collection bag is determined by the camera obtaining an image of the ash collection bag, and the height of the fly ash in the ash collection bag is obtained by the ultrasonic sensor. The method is simple and reliable.

[0022] In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the method for adjusting the blade action range of the bag-breaking mechanism according to the size of the ash collection bag is as follows: The size of the action range l of the blade is determined according to the length of the ash collection bag, l = 1.2R, where R is the length of the ash collection bag; the blade pierces and cuts the ash collection bag from the bottom up.

[0023] In the above technical solution, the action range of the blade is greater than the length of the ash collection bag, ensuring that the blade can completely pierce the bottom of the ash collection bag, which is conducive to the complete discharge of the fly ash in the ash collection bag.

[0024] In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the method for adjusting the blade position of the bag-breaking mechanism according to the amount of fly ash in the ash collection bag is as follows: The cutting depth of the blade is adjusted according to the height of the fly ash in the ash collection bag; the depth of the blade piercing into the ash collection bag from the bottom is adjusted to be greater than h and less than H, where h is the height of the fly ash in the ash collection bag and H is the height of the ash collection bag.

[0025] In the above technical solution, the depth of the blade piercing into the ash collection bag is greater than the height of the fly ash, so that the two side walls of the ash collection bag higher than the fly ash can also be cut, further improving the discharge rate of the fly ash in the ash collection bag; and the depth of the blade piercing into the ash collection bag is less than the height of the ash collection bag, ensuring that the ash collection bag will not be cut in half and fly out, which is conducive to the collection of the ash collection bag.

[0026] Some of the additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be given in the following description, some will become obvious from the following description, or be understood through the practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become obvious and easy to understand from the description of the embodiments in conjunction with the following drawings, wherein:

[0028] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the high-efficiency harmless treatment system for fly ash in a funeral parlor in Embodiment 1.

[0029] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the unpacking machine in Embodiment 1.

[0030] The reference numerals in the accompanying drawings of the specification include: fly ash bin 11, cement bin 12, screw conveyor 121, chelating agent bin 13, water source 14, fly ash metering device 21, cement metering device 22, chelating agent metering device 23, water metering device 24, kneader 30, receiving ton bag 40, ash bag hoist 50, barrel 51, feed inlet 51a, discharge outlet 51b, drive wheel 52, driven wheel 53, traction belt 54, ash lifting bucket 55, transmission wheel 56, unpacking machine 60, unpacking box body 61, bag supporting frame 62, knife groove 621, bag breaking mechanism 63, blade 631, feed valve 64, discharge bin 65, ash discharge valve 66, vertical driving mechanism 67, feed pipe 68, ash bag collecting device 69, and acquisition device 610. Detailed Description of the Embodiment

[0031] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below. The examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, where the same or similar reference numerals indicate the same or similar elements or elements with the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0032] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationships indicated by the terms "longitudinal", "transverse", "vertical", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0033] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified and limited, it should be noted that the terms "installation", "connection", and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection, or it can be the communication inside two elements. It can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms can be understood according to specific situations.

[0034] Embodiment 1

[0035] This embodiment provides an efficient and harmless treatment system for fly ash in a funeral parlor. As Figure 1 shown, in a preferred embodiment, the treatment system includes a storage device, a metering device, a kneader 30, a receiving ton bag 40, an ash bag hoist 50, an unpacking machine 60, and a control system. The storage device, the conveying device, the metering device, the kneader 30, the ash bag hoist 50, and the unpacking machine 60 are respectively connected to the control system, and their operations are controlled by the control system.

[0036] Among them, the storage device includes a fly ash bin 11 for storing fly ash, a curing agent bin, and a water source 14 for storing water respectively. The ash bag hoist 50 is used to lift the ash collection bag and transport it to the unpacking machine 60. The unpacking machine 60 has a bag-breaking mechanism 63 for breaking the ash collection bag therein. The unpacking machine 60 breaks the ash collection bag through the bag-breaking mechanism 63. The ash outlet of the unpacking machine 60 is connected to the feed inlet 51a of the fly ash bin 11. The fly ash discharged after the unpacking machine 60 breaks the bag falls and is stored in the fly ash bin 11. Among them, the unpacking machine 60 also includes an acquisition device 610 for acquiring the size of the ash collection bag and the amount of fly ash. The acquisition device 610 can adopt a camera (the lens of the camera can be self-cleaned to wipe or blow off the fly ash thereon) and an ultrasonic sensor. The output end of the acquisition device 610 is connected to the control system. The control system adjusts the action range of the blade 631 of the bag-breaking mechanism 63 and the position of the blade 631 of the bag-breaking mechanism 63 according to the size of the acquired ash collection bag and the amount of fly ash therein, so that the blade 631 can cut the bottom and side walls of the ash collection bag, which is beneficial to the complete discharge of the fly ash in the ash collection bag.

[0037] The metering device is built into the storage device or located downstream of the storage device. The metering device includes a fly ash metering device 21 for weighing fly ash, a curing agent, and water respectively and controlling the output weights of the three, a curing agent metering device, and a water metering device 24. The fly ash metering device 21, the curing agent metering device, and the water metering device 24 are located above the mixer 30. The materials weighed by the fly ash metering device 21, the curing agent metering device, and the water metering device 24 enter the mixer 30 simultaneously or at different times. The mixer 30 stirs the fly ash, the curing agent, and the water therein to form a mixture. The discharge port of the mixer 30 is connected to the receiving ton bag 40.

[0038] In the present invention, the curing agent metering device and the water metering device 24 are arranged independently of the storage device. The curing agent metering device is arranged downstream of the curing agent bin, and the water metering device 24 is arranged downstream of the water source 14. The fly ash metering device 21 is built into the fly ash bin 11 and is a fly ash metering bin, such as the metering bins disclosed in CN202410213619.4 and CN201410655116.9. The fly ash in the fly ash bin 11 enters the mixer 30 by means of reduced metering. While the fly ash is being stirred in the mixer 30, materials can be continuously conveyed into the fly ash bin 11, improving the accuracy and production efficiency of the treatment system. Preferably, a dispersing device for dispersing the fly ash is provided in the fly ash bin 11. Specifically, the fly ash can be dispersed by stirring blades or a vibration and flapping mechanism, avoiding fly ash caking, preventing fly ash from clogging and accumulating in a short time, and ensuring the continuity of the treatment system.

[0039] In the present invention, the curing agent includes cement and / or chelating agent, and it is preferred to provide both cement and chelating agent simultaneously. The curing agent bin for storing cement is the cement bin 12, and the curing agent metering device for weighing cement is the cement metering device 22. A screw conveyor 121 for conveying the cement therein to the cement metering device 22 is provided in the cement bin 12. The curing agent bin for storing the chelating agent is the chelating agent bin 13, and the curing agent metering device for weighing the chelating agent is the chelating agent metering device 23. The chelating agent output from the chelating agent metering device 23 enters the water metering device 24 proportionally, is configured into a chelating agent solution and then output to the mixer 30. For example, a fixed amount of water is conveyed to the water metering device 24, and the chelating agent weighed at the same time flows into the water metering device 24 from the chelating agent metering device 23 by gravity. Preferably, stirring paddles are provided in the water metering device 24 to stir at high speed until evenly mixed, and then the chelating agent solution is pumped into the mixer 30 by a booster pump.

[0040] The materials of the present invention are stored in a storage device. Specifically, people take away the ash collection bag filled with fly ash under the dust collector, place the ash collection bag in the ash bag hoist 50, and the ash bag hoist 50 lifts the ash collection bag and transports it to the unpacking machine 60. The unpacking machine 60 tears the ash collection bag, and the fly ash after bag tearing enters the fly ash bin 11 for storage; the cement is stored in the cement bin 12 above the mixer 30 by manual feeding; the chelating agent is filled into the chelating agent bin 13 by a liquid tank; the water source 14 is a water tank or a faucet.

[0041] The fly ash, curing agent and water need to be proportionally mixed when entering the mixer 30. Specifically, the fly ash in the fly ash bin 11 enters the mixer 30 in a form of subtractive metering according to a set amount to complete the fly ash batching; the cement in the cement bin 12 is conveyed to the cement metering device 22 for temporary storage by the screw conveyor 121 and enters the mixer 30 in a form of subtractive metering according to a set amount to complete the cement batching; the chelating agent in the chelating agent enters the chelating agent metering device 23 for temporary storage and enters the water metering device 24 in a form of subtractive metering according to a set amount. The water from the water source 14 enters the water metering device 24 through the workshop water pipe controlled by a valve. The chelating agent and water are configured into a chelating agent solution and then enter the mixer 30 to complete the chelating agent batching.

[0042] The mixer 30 stirs the fly ash, curing agent and water entering therein to obtain a mixture. The mixture discharged from the mixer 30 is in a semi-solid state. To make the stabilized mixture reach sufficient strength and prevent the precipitation of heavy metals, the material discharged from the mixer 30 to the receiving ton bag 40 should be cured for a certain period of time before it can be transported to the disposal site for landfill.

[0043] Preferably, the fly ash and the chelating agent solution are first put into the mixer 30 for stirring, and finally the cement is put in, which can avoid the competition of Ca2+, Mg2+ and other ions in the cement for the chelating agent stabilization factor, thereby improving the treatment effect and reducing the operation cost.

[0044] In the present invention, the cement silo 12 is used to store the cement for solidifying fly ash, usually made of carbon steel structure. The size of the cement silo 12 is set according to the fly ash production captured at the funeral home site, the required amount of cement, and the cement ratio. The cement silo 12 is equipped with a sealing device to prevent dust spillage. A pneumatic electric valve is installed at the discharge port of the cement silo 12 to facilitate the feeding of cement. The chelating agent silo 13 is used to store the curing agent solution / chelating agent, usually made of PE material with good anti-corrosion performance. The size of the chelating agent silo 13 is set according to the chelating agent ratio required for the fly ash captured at the funeral home site.

[0045] In the present invention, when the mixer 30 is working, power is transmitted by a motor to drive the reducer to rotate, and the reducer makes the stirring blades rotate. The stirring blades arranged in a spiral strip shape push the materials near the inner wall of the mixing cylinder towards the middle and the other end of the mixing cylinder, forcing the materials to undergo strong convective motion. In addition, the circular motion of the stirring blades also causes the mixed materials to be extruded and sheared, resulting in a process of dispersed throwing of the materials, so that the materials are stirred evenly within a short period of time. The mixer 30 can also adopt the existing technology, such as a fly ash chelating and solidifying mixer disclosed in CN202310325612.7.

[0046] As Figure 1 shown, in the present invention, the ash bag hoist 50 includes a closed barrel 51. The barrel 51 is provided with a feed port 51a and a discharge port 51b located above the feed port 51a. A driving wheel 52 is installed at one end inside the barrel 51, and a driven wheel 53 is installed at the other end. A traction belt 54 that forms a closed loop around the driving wheel 52 and the driven wheel 53 is also provided inside the barrel 51. A number of ash lifting buckets 55 are suspended on the traction belt 54. The external ash collection bag can be placed in the ash lifting bucket 55 through the feed port 51a of the barrel 51 and transported by the traction belt 54 to the discharge port 51b of the barrel 51. A tipping mechanism (not shown in the figure) is installed in the barrel 51 to tip the ash lifting bucket 55 at the discharge port 51b of the barrel 51 so as to pour out the ash collection bag therein into the unpacking machine 60. The tipping mechanism can adopt a push rod. Since the ash lifting bucket 55 is suspended on the traction belt 54, by pushing the outer wall of the ash lifting bucket 55 with the push rod, the ash lifting bucket 55 can be tilted to pour out the ash collection bag in the ash lifting bucket 55.

[0047] In this embodiment, the traction belt 54 is a chain or a belt. When the traction belt 54 is a chain, the driving wheel 52 includes a driving sprocket engaged with the chain and a motor for driving the driving sprocket to rotate. The driven wheel 53 is a driven sprocket rotatably connected to the barrel 51. The driving wheel 52, the driven wheel 53, and the traction belt 54 together form a sprocket-chain mechanism. When the traction belt 54 is a belt, the driving wheel 52 includes a driving pulley connected to the belt and a motor for driving the driving pulley to rotate. The driven wheel 53 is a driven pulley rotatably connected to the barrel 51. The driving wheel 52, the driven wheel 53, and the traction belt 54 together form a belt-pulley mechanism.

[0048] In one embodiment, the barrel 51 includes a horizontally arranged head, a horizontally arranged tail located below the head, and a vertically extending middle section connecting the head and the tail. The head extends from left to right from the upper end of the middle section, and the tail extends from right to left from the lower end of the middle section. A driving wheel 52 is installed in the head, a driven wheel 53 is installed in the tail, and transmission wheels 56 are provided at the connection between the head and the middle section and at the connection between the tail and the middle section. The traction belt 54 is tensioned through the transmission wheels 56.

[0049] Preferably, the cross-section of the barrel 51 is rectangular, and it is made of common thin steel plates into length segments adapted to the site, and the segments are connected by angle steel flanges.

[0050] As Figure 2 shown, in the present invention, the unpacking machine 60 includes an unpacking box body 61, a bag holding rack 62 provided in the unpacking box body 61 for placing the dust collection bag, a bag breaking mechanism 63 having blades 631 for breaking the dust collection bag on the bag holding rack 62, and a dust bag collection device 69 for taking away and collecting the dust collection bag with the fly ash drained on the bag holding rack 62. An acquisition device 610 is installed on the side wall of the unpacking box body 61, and its field of view can cover the dust collection bag on the bag holding rack 62. The bag breaking mechanism 63 is installed in the unpacking box body 61 through a bracket fixedly connected to the inner wall of the unpacking box body 61, and the bag breaking mechanism 63 can drive its blade 631 to move in the left-right direction; wherein, the blade 631 is a retractable structure, or the bag breaking mechanism 63 can move vertically, so that the depth of the blade 631 piercing into the dust collection bag from the bottom can be adjusted. The bag holding rack 62 is grid-shaped, and there is a knife groove 621 in the middle of the bag holding rack 62 for the blade 631 of the bag breaking mechanism 63 to extend into the dust collection bag and move left and right.

[0051] The unpacking box body 61 has a feed inlet provided with a feed valve 64. The bottom of the unpacking box body 61 is connected with a discharge bin 65. The fly ash output after the dust collection bag is broken enters the discharge bin 65. A dust discharge valve 66 is provided at the dust discharge port at the bottom of the discharge bin 65, and the dust discharge port of the discharge bin 65 is connected to the feed inlet of the fly ash bin 11 below it. Preferably, a pneumatic sealing door is further provided on the side wall of the unpacking box body 61 to facilitate the maintenance of the devices inside the unpacking box body 61.

[0052] During operation, the feed valve 64 at the top of the unpacking box body 61 is opened, and the dumping mechanism operates to tilt the ash lifting hopper 55. The ash collection bag enters the unpacking box body 61 through the discharge opening 51b of the barrel 51, and the ash collection bag is supported by the bag support frame 62. The feed valve 64 is closed, and the bag breaking mechanism 63 operates. The blade 631 stabs upward from the bottom through the knife groove 621 in the middle of the bag support frame 62 into the bottom of the ash collection bag, cutting open the bottom and both sides of the ash collection bag to break the bag. For example, two blades 631 are used, and the two blades 631 move from the middle of the bottom of the ash collection bag to the far sides, cutting open the bottom and both sides of the ash collection bag. The fly ash in the ash collection bag falls through the grid on the bag support frame 62 into the discharge bin 65; the ash discharge valve 66 is opened, and the fly ash in the discharge bin 65 is discharged into the fly ash bin 11 for storage.

[0053] After the ash collection bag is emptied of fly ash, the ash bag collection device 69 takes away and collects the empty ash collection bag on the bag support frame 62 that has been emptied of fly ash, without affecting the bag breaking work of the next ash collection bag. Specifically, the empty ash collection bag on the bag support frame 62 can be sucked into the collection container outside the unpacking box body 61 by means of negative pressure, or a manipulator can be used to take away the empty ash collection bag on the bag support frame 62 and transport it to the collection container outside the unpacking box body 61. Preferably, the collection container outside the unpacking box body 61 is provided with a door panel, which is closed under normal conditions to prevent the fly ash in the unpacking box body 61 from overflowing, and the door panel is opened only when taking away the empty ash collection bag.

[0054] In another preferred embodiment, the feed inlet of the unpacking box body 61 is located at its top, and the bag support frame 62 is connected to a vertical driving mechanism 67 that drives its vertical movement. The vertical driving mechanism 67 drives the bag support frame 62 to move back and forth between the feed inlet of the unpacking box body 61 and the bag breaking mechanism 63. When the feed valve 64 is opened, the bag support frame 62 is located at the feed inlet of the unpacking box body 61, and the ash collection bag discharged from the discharge opening 51b of the ash bag hoist 50 is caught by the bag support frame 62, which can prevent the ash collection bag from falling from a high altitude onto the bag support frame 62 and reduce the unloading impact.

[0055] Among them, the vertical driving mechanism 67 can adopt a structure of motor + lead screw, or a sprocket chain structure, or an electric hoist, or other structures in the prior art, as long as it can realize the vertical movement of the bag support frame 62.

[0056] Further preferably, a feed pipe 68 is connected to the feed inlet of the unpacking box body 61, the feed valve 64 is arranged at the top of the feed pipe 68, and the bag support frame 62 can move into the feed pipe 68 and be hermetically connected to the inner wall of the feed pipe 68. When the bag breaking mechanism 63 breaks the ash collection bag, the feed inlet of the unpacking box body 61 is closed by the feed valve 64 to prevent the fly ash in the unpacking box body 61 from overflowing; when the feed valve 64 is opened and the bag support frame 62 catches the ash collection bag, the feed pipe 68 is closed by the bearing platform to prevent the fly ash in the unpacking box body 61 from overflowing.

[0057] Embodiment 2

[0058] This embodiment provides a precise control method for an efficient harmless treatment system of funeral parlor fly ash based on Embodiment 1, including the following steps: obtaining the size of the ash collection bag and the amount of fly ash therein; adjusting the action range of the blade 631 of the bag-breaking mechanism 63 according to the size of the ash collection bag; adjusting the position of the blade 631 of the bag-breaking mechanism 63 according to the amount of fly ash in the ash collection bag.

[0059] Among them, the method for obtaining the size of the ash collection bag and the amount of fly ash therein is: the camera of the acquisition device 610 captures an image of the ash collection bag, obtains the length, width and height of the ash collection bag, so as to determine its size; the ultrasonic sensor of the acquisition device 610 sends ultrasonic pulses along the height of the ash collection bag and measures the echo time to determine the height of the fly ash in the ash collection bag.

[0060] In this embodiment, the method for obtaining the length, width and height of the ash collection bag through the image of the ash collection bag is as follows:

[0061] Use a camera or other image acquisition device to take pictures of the object. Specifically, cameras can be set on the side and top of the unpacking box 61 to ensure that the image is clear and the object is completely presented in the image. Introduce a reference object with a known size for scale calibration. For example, a part of the bag-supporting frame 62 can be used for scale calibration. Import the obtained image into image processing software, such as OpenCV, MATLAB, etc. In the image, use the pixel unit and the known length, width and height of the scale calibration object. By comparing the number of pixels of the reference object in the image with its actual size, calculate the actual length corresponding to each pixel.

[0062] The ultrasonic sensor can be installed on the inner wall of the unpacking box 61 and located at the top or side of the ash collection bag. By sending ultrasonic pulses and recording the time of the echo, according to the propagation speed of ultrasonic waves (usually about 344 m / s of the speed of sound in the air), calculate the distance from the sensor to the top of the fly ash; use the measured distance to subtract the distance from the top of the ash collection bag to the sensor (if it is measured from the side, use the distance from the sensor to the top of the bag for calculation), and the height of the fly ash can be obtained.

[0063] Among them, the method for adjusting the action range of the blade of the bag-breaking mechanism according to the size of the ash collection bag is: determine the size of the action range l of the blade 631 according to the length of the ash collection bag, l = 1.2R, where R is the length of the ash collection bag; the blade 631 pierces and cuts the ash collection bag from the bottom up.

[0064] Among them, the method for adjusting the position of the blade of the bag-breaking mechanism according to the amount of fly ash in the ash collection bag is: adjust the cutting depth of the blade 631 according to the height of the fly ash in the ash collection bag; adjust the depth of the blade 631 piercing into the ash collection bag from the bottom to be greater than h and less than H, where h is the height of the fly ash in the ash collection bag and H is the height of the ash collection bag.

[0065] In the description of this specification, the descriptions referring to the terms "preferred embodiment", "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples", etc. mean that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0066] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. Precision control method for the efficient and harmless treatment system of funeral parlor fly ash, characterized in that The described high-efficiency harmless treatment system for funeral parlor fly ash includes a storage device, a metering device, a mixer, a receiving ton bag, an ash bag hoist, a bag opener, and a control system. The storage device, conveying device, metering device, mixer, ash bag hoist, and bag opener are respectively connected to the control system; The storage device includes a fly ash bin, a curing agent bin, and a water source for respectively storing fly ash, curing agent, and water. The ash bag hoist is used to lift the ash collection bag and transport it to the bag opener. The bag opener has a bag-breaking mechanism with two blades for breaking the ash collection bag. The ash outlet of the bag opener is connected to the feed inlet of the fly ash bin. The bag opener also includes an acquisition device for obtaining the size of the ash collection bag and the amount of fly ash. The output end of the acquisition device is connected to the control system. The control system adjusts the blade action range and blade position of the bag-breaking mechanism according to the size of the obtained ash collection bag and the amount of fly ash therein. The two blades of the bag-breaking mechanism move from the middle of the bottom of the ash collection bag to the two sides away from each other, cutting open the bottom and two sides of the ash collection bag; The metering device is built into the storage device or located downstream of the storage device. The metering device includes a fly ash metering device, a curing agent metering device, and a water metering device for respectively weighing the fly ash, curing agent, and water and controlling the output weights of the three; The fly ash metering device, curing agent metering device, and water metering device are located above the mixer. The materials weighed by the fly ash metering device, curing agent metering device, and water metering device enter the mixer simultaneously or at different times. The mixer stirs the fly ash, curing agent, and water therein to form a mixture. The discharge outlet of the mixer is connected to the receiving ton bag; The described precise control method includes the following steps: Obtain the size of the ash collection bag and the amount of fly ash therein; Adjust the blade action range of the bag-breaking mechanism according to the size of the ash collection bag; Adjust the blade position of the bag-breaking mechanism according to the amount of fly ash in the ash collection bag; Among them, the method for obtaining the size of the ash collection bag and the amount of fly ash therein is: The camera captures the image of the ash collection bag, obtains the length, width, and height of the ash collection bag, so as to determine its size; The ultrasonic sensor sends ultrasonic pulses along the height of the ash collection bag and measures its echo time to determine the height of the fly ash in the ash collection bag; Among them, the method for adjusting the blade action range of the bag-breaking mechanism according to the size of the ash collection bag is: Determine the action range of the blade according to the length of the ash collection bag of the size , where R is the length of the ash collection bag; The blade pierces and cuts open the ash collection bag from the bottom upwards; Among them, the method for adjusting the blade position of the bag-breaking mechanism according to the amount of fly ash in the ash collection bag is: Adjust the cutting depth of the blade according to the height of the fly ash in the ash collection bag; Adjust the depth of the blade piercing into the ash collection bag from the bottom to be greater than h and less than H, where h is the height of the fly ash in the ash collection bag and H is the height of the ash collection bag.

2. The precise control method according to claim 1, wherein The curing agent includes cement and / or chelating agent; the curing agent bin for storing cement is the cement bin, and the curing agent metering device for weighing cement is the cement metering device; the curing agent bin for storing chelating agent is the chelating agent bin, and the curing agent metering device for weighing chelating agent is the chelating agent metering device. The chelating agent output by the chelating agent metering device enters the water metering device in proportion, is configured as a chelating agent solution, and then is output to the mixer; And / or the fly ash metering device is built into the fly ash bin, and the fly ash in the fly ash bin enters the mixer in a metered reduction manner. The curing agent metering device is arranged downstream of the curing agent bin, and the water metering device is arranged downstream of the water source.

3. The precise control method according to claim 1, characterized in that The ash bag hoist includes a closed barrel. The barrel is provided with a feed inlet and a discharge opening above the feed inlet. At one end inside the barrel, a driving wheel is installed, and at the other end, a driven wheel is installed. Inside the barrel, there is also a traction belt that forms a closed loop around the driving wheel and the driven wheel. A number of ash lifting hoppers are suspended on the traction belt. An external ash collection bag can be placed in the ash lifting hopper through the feed inlet of the barrel and conveyed to the discharge opening of the barrel by the traction belt. A tipping mechanism is installed in the barrel to tip the ash lifting hopper at the discharge opening of the barrel to pour out the ash collection bag therein into the unpacking machine.

4. The precise control method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The traction belt is a chain or a belt; when the traction belt is a chain, the driving wheel includes a driving sprocket engaged with the chain and a motor for driving the driving sprocket to rotate, and the driven wheel is a driven sprocket rotatably connected to the barrel; when the traction belt is a belt, the driving wheel includes a driving pulley connected to the belt and a motor for driving the driving pulley to rotate, and the driven wheel is a driven pulley rotatably connected to the barrel; And / or the barrel includes a horizontally arranged machine head, a horizontally arranged machine tail below the machine head, and an intermediate section connecting the machine head and the machine tail. The driving wheel is installed in the machine head, the driven wheel is installed in the machine tail, and transmission wheels are provided at the connection between the machine head and the intermediate section and at the connection between the machine tail and the intermediate section. The traction belt is tensioned by the transmission wheels.

5. The precise control method according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The unpacking machine includes an unpacking box body, a bag supporting frame arranged in the unpacking box body for placing the ash collection bag, a bag breaking mechanism for breaking the ash collection bag on the bag supporting frame, and an ash bag collection device for taking away and collecting the empty ash collection bag with the fly ash drained on the bag supporting frame. The unpacking box body has a feed inlet provided with a feed valve. The bottom of the unpacking box body is connected to a discharge bin. The fly ash output after the ash collection bag is broken enters the discharge bin. An ash discharge valve is provided at the ash discharge opening at the bottom of the discharge bin. The ash discharge opening of the discharge bin is connected to the feed inlet of the fly ash bin.

6. The precise control method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The feed inlet of the unpacking box body is located at its top. The bag supporting frame is connected to a vertical driving mechanism for driving its vertical movement. The vertical driving mechanism drives the bag supporting frame to move back and forth between the feed inlet of the unpacking box body and the bag breaking mechanism; A feed pipe is connected to the feed inlet of the unpacking box body. The feed valve is arranged at the top of the feed pipe. The bag supporting frame can move into the feed pipe and be hermetically connected to the inner wall of the feed pipe.

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