An oxygen concentration control device and method

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of nuclear reactor technology, and more specifically, to an oxygen concentration control device and method. The device includes a mass exchanger, a reactor vessel, a reaction atmosphere pretreatment loop, a liquid level regulation loop, an oxygen sensor, and a heating assembly. The mass exchanger includes a first cylindrical structure and a second cylindrical structure. The method includes controlling the reaction atmosphere pretreatment loop to purge the air from the reactor vessel cavity and fill it with an inert gas; obtaining the oxygen concentration value within the reactor vessel cavity; comparing the oxygen concentration value with an oxygen concentration range; and controlling the periodic change of the liquid level in the mass exchanger through the liquid level regulation loop. This invention improves the safety and stability of the oxygen concentration control device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of nuclear reactor technology, and more specifically, to an oxygen concentration control device and method. Background Technology

[0002] A lead-based fast reactor is an advanced nuclear reactor design that uses liquid lead as both a coolant and a target material in its core. In a lead-based fast reactor, the cladding material is a critical component, used to encapsulate and isolate the nuclear fuel and coolant. To protect the long-term performance of the cladding material, an oxygen concentration control system is typically added to lead-based fast reactor systems. By precisely controlling the oxygen concentration, the rate of lead corrosion of the cladding material can be slowed or reduced, extending its service life.

[0003] However, oxygen concentration control has the following problems: 1. The oxygen concentration distribution in liquid metal is uneven; 2. The oxygen concentration control device cannot adjust the pressure changes caused by temperature changes in a timely manner; 3. When the oxygen concentration control device is in danger of overheating, it cannot be used for emergency treatment; 4. The oxygen concentration control device cannot be properly sealed to avoid interference from the external environment; 5. The oxygen concentration control device lacks corresponding oxygen concentration control methods and cannot guarantee accurate control of oxygen concentration.

[0004] These kinds of problems are widespread in the field of reactor technology, reducing the safety and reliability of oxygen concentration control devices. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide an oxygen concentration control device and method to solve at least one of the problems existing in the prior art, thereby improving the safety and reliability of the oxygen concentration control device.

[0006] This invention provides an oxygen concentration control device, which includes a mass exchanger, a reaction vessel, a reaction atmosphere pretreatment circuit, a liquid level adjustment circuit, an oxygen sensor, and a heating assembly.

[0007] The mass exchanger includes a first cylindrical structure and a second cylindrical structure. The opening of the first cylindrical structure faces upward, and the opening of the second cylindrical structure faces downward. The second cylindrical structure is fitted into the first cylindrical structure. There is a gap between the inner bottom surface of the first cylindrical structure and the lower surface of the second cylindrical structure. The size of this gap is smaller than the particle size inside the mass exchanger. The first cylindrical structure is fixedly connected to the inner bottom surface of the reactor body. The mass exchanger is immersed in liquid metal inside the reactor body.

[0008] The reaction atmosphere pretreatment circuit is sealed to the reaction vessel body and is used to remove residual air inside the reaction vessel body before the experiment.

[0009] The liquid level regulating circuit is sealed to the mass exchanger and is used to regulate the liquid level inside the mass exchanger.

[0010] The oxygen sensor is sealed to the reactor body and is used to measure the oxygen concentration inside the reactor body;

[0011] The heating component is disposed on the outer wall of the reactor body.

[0012] Optionally, the device further includes a safety housing, the reaction atmosphere pretreatment circuit includes a first shut-off valve, and the liquid level regulation circuit includes a second shut-off valve;

[0013] The reactor body is disposed within the cavity of the safety housing, and the reactor body is fixedly connected to the safety housing;

[0014] The pipe between the port of the reaction atmosphere pretreatment loop and the first shut-off valve passes through the cover of the safety housing and the cover of the reactor body, and is sealed to the safety housing and the reactor body.

[0015] The pipe between the first port of the liquid level regulating circuit and the second shut-off valve passes through the cover of the safety housing and the cover of the reactor body, and is sealed to the safety housing and the reactor body. The first port of the liquid level regulating circuit is connected to the interior of the mass exchanger to form a sealed connection.

[0016] The oxygen sensor penetrates the cover of the safety housing and the cover of the reactor body, and is sealed to both the safety housing and the reactor body.

[0017] Optionally, the reaction atmosphere pretreatment circuit is sequentially and sealed to a first gas cylinder, a first pressure reducing valve, a first reversing valve, and a first shut-off valve. The port of the reaction atmosphere pretreatment circuit extends into the cavity of the reactor body, and the pipeline between the port of the reaction atmosphere pretreatment circuit and the first shut-off valve is sealed to the shell cover of the reactor body. The first reversing valve is sealed to a vacuum pump.

[0018] Optionally, the liquid level regulating circuit is sequentially provided with a second gas cylinder, a second pressure reducing valve, a second reversing valve, and a second shut-off valve. The first port of the liquid level regulating circuit extends into the cavity of the mass exchanger, and the pipeline between the first port of the liquid level regulating circuit and the second shut-off valve is sealed to the shell cover of the safety housing and the shell cover of the reactor body. The second reversing valve is sealed to the second port of the liquid level regulating circuit.

[0019] Optionally, the device further includes a first pressure relief circuit, a second pressure relief circuit, a first pressure sensor, a second pressure sensor, and a gas purification circuit;

[0020] The first pressure relief circuit includes a first pressure relief valve. The pipe between the air inlet port of the first pressure relief circuit and the first pressure relief valve of the first pressure relief circuit passes through the cover of the safety housing and is sealed to the safety housing.

[0021] The second pressure relief circuit includes a second pressure relief valve. The pipe between the air inlet port of the second pressure relief circuit and the second pressure relief valve of the second pressure relief circuit passes through the cover of the safety housing and the cover of the reactor body, and is sealed to the safety housing and the reactor body.

[0022] The first pressure sensor penetrates the cover of the safety housing and is sealed to the safety housing, and is used to sense the air pressure inside the safety housing.

[0023] The second pressure sensor penetrates the cover of the safety housing and the cover of the reactor body, and is sealed to the safety housing and the reactor body, for sensing the gas pressure inside the reactor body;

[0024] The gas purification circuit includes a water tank, and the second port of the liquid level regulation circuit, the gas outlet port of the first pressure relief circuit, and the gas outlet port of the second pressure relief circuit are all connected below the liquid level in the water tank.

[0025] Optionally, the device further includes an emergency safety sprinkler system, a passive circulating cooling system, a relief valve, a collection tank, and a temperature sensor;

[0026] The emergency safety sprinkler system includes one or more nozzles; the nozzles penetrate the cover of the safety housing and are sealed to the safety housing.

[0027] The passive circulating cooling system includes one or more inverted U-shaped pipes, which are connected in a sealed manner to the interior of the safety housing;

[0028] The vent valve is located below the safety housing and is used to control the flow of liquid metal from inside the reactor body into the collection tank;

[0029] The collection tank is located below the discharge valve;

[0030] The temperature sensor penetrates the cover of the safety housing and is sealed to the safety housing. The sensing end of the temperature sensor is in contact with the outer wall of the reactor body and is used to sense the temperature of the reactor body.

[0031] Optionally, the device further includes a sealing assembly fixed to the cover of the safety housing and / or the cover of the reactor body;

[0032] The sealing assembly includes a first connector, a connecting connector, a second connector, a fastening connector, and a sealing ring. The first connector is sealed and fixed to the shell cover of the reactor body. One end of the first connector has a first internal threaded hole, and the other end has a first through hole communicating with the cavity of the reactor body. The first internal threaded hole is connected to the first through hole. One end of the sealing ring has a first conical structure on its outer periphery and has a sealing through hole penetrating both ends of it. The sealing through hole is connected to the first through hole, and the sealing ring is located in the first internal threaded hole of the first connector. The connecting connector has a rod-shaped structure with a connecting through hole penetrating both ends of it. One end of the connecting connector has an external thread that matches the first internal threaded hole of the first connector, and this end... The inner circumference of the first connector has a first conical groove that matches the shape of the sealing ring, and the outer circumference of the other end has a second conical structure and an outer convex ring structure. The connecting through hole is connected to the sealing through hole. The outer circumference of one end of the second connector has an external thread, and the inner circumference has a second conical groove that matches the second conical structure of the connecting connector. The second connector has a second through hole that passes through both ends of it, and the second through hole is connected to the connecting through hole. The fastening connector is a cylindrical structure. The bottom of the cylindrical structure is loosely fitted onto the outer circumference of the connecting connector, and the inner bottom wall of the cylindrical bottom abuts against the end face of the outer convex ring structure facing the first connector. The inner side wall of the fastening connector has an internal thread that matches the external thread of the second connector.

[0033] Compared with the prior art, the oxygen concentration control device provided by the present invention has the following advantages:

[0034] The oxygen concentration control device provided in this invention comprises a mass exchanger, a reaction vessel, a reaction atmosphere pretreatment circuit, a liquid level regulation circuit, an oxygen sensor, and a heating assembly. Before the experiment, the reaction atmosphere pretreatment circuit removes residual gas from the reaction vessel, improving the stability and safety of the reaction. During use, the mass exchanger is fixed inside the reaction vessel, and the liquid level regulation circuit controls and regulates the oxygen concentration. Furthermore, a gap exists between the inner bottom surface of the first cylindrical structure and the lower surface of the second cylindrical structure of the mass exchanger. This gap is smaller than the particle size inside the mass exchanger, preventing the oxygen from entering the mass exchanger. The device allows for the simultaneous leakage of particles and the intake and output of liquid metal. This structured design ensures the oxygen concentration control and self-mixing functions of the mass exchanger, improving the uniformity of oxygen distribution in the liquid metal. Furthermore, the oxygen sensor in the aforementioned oxygen concentration control device monitors the oxygen concentration inside the reactor, providing fundamental information for controlling and adjusting the oxygen concentration. The heating component in the oxygen concentration control device is located on the outer wall of the reactor, heating the reactor body to liquefy the solid metal and maintaining a liquid state throughout the oxygen concentration control process. In summary, this structured design of the oxygen concentration control device enhances its safety and reliability.

[0035] This invention also provides an oxygen concentration control method, applied to the aforementioned oxygen concentration control device, the method comprising:

[0036] By controlling the reaction atmosphere pretreatment circuit, the air inside the reactor body is emptied and filled with inert gas;

[0037] Obtain the oxygen concentration value inside the cavity of the reactor body;

[0038] The oxygen concentration value inside the reactor body is compared with the oxygen concentration range, and the liquid level of the mass exchanger is controlled periodically through the liquid level regulation loop. The oxygen concentration range is the allowable range for oxidation and corrosion of the cladding material.

[0039] Optionally, the oxygen concentration range includes an optimal oxygen concentration value, and the step of comparing the intracavitary oxygen concentration value of the reactor body with the oxygen concentration range, and controlling the periodic change of the liquid level in the mass exchanger through the liquid level regulation loop, includes:

[0040] If the oxygen concentration inside the reactor body is less than the lower limit of the oxygen concentration range, the liquid level inside the mass exchanger is controlled to rise and fall periodically between the first liquid level and the second liquid level through the liquid level regulation circuit.

[0041] If the oxygen concentration value inside the reactor body is greater than the lower limit of the oxygen concentration range and less than the optimal oxygen concentration value, the liquid level inside the mass exchanger is controlled to rise and fall periodically between the first liquid level and the third liquid level through the liquid level regulation loop.

[0042] Wherein, the first liquid level is higher than the third liquid level, which is higher than the second liquid level.

[0043] Optionally, the method further includes:

[0044] Obtain the internal pressure value of the safety housing and the internal pressure value of the reaction vessel body;

[0045] If the internal air pressure of the safety housing is greater than the first pressure threshold, then the first pressure relief valve is controlled to open.

[0046] And / or, if the gas pressure inside the reactor body is greater than the second pressure threshold, the second pressure relief valve is controlled to open.

[0047] Optionally, the method further includes:

[0048] Obtain the tank temperature value of the reactor body;

[0049] If the temperature of the reactor body is higher than the temperature threshold, the nozzles of the emergency safety sprinkler system will be controlled to spray water, and the relief valve will be controlled to open.

[0050] Compared with the prior art, the oxygen concentration control method provided by the present invention has the following advantages:

[0051] The oxygen concentration control method provided in this invention controls the reaction atmosphere pretreatment circuit to purge the air from the reactor cavity and fill it with inert gas, thereby avoiding adverse effects of air on the reaction. It then obtains the oxygen concentration value within the reactor cavity and compares this value with an oxygen concentration range. The liquid level in the mass exchanger is controlled via a liquid level adjustment circuit. This oxygen concentration range is within the permissible range for oxidation and corrosion of the cladding material, thus achieving control of the oxygen concentration within the reactor. Furthermore, because the liquid metal in the mass exchanger undergoes a huff-and-puff process, the control method exhibits self-mixing characteristics. Additionally, the self-mixing effect can be achieved by adjusting the cycle time. In summary, this method improves the safety and reliability of the oxygen concentration control process. Attached Figure Description

[0052] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0053] Figure 1 This is a two-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the oxygen concentration control device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 2 This is a two-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the sealing component in the oxygen concentration control device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structural simulation effect of the oxygen concentration control device provided in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the emergency safety sprinkler system in the oxygen concentration control device provided in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the passive circulating cooling system in the oxygen concentration control device provided in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 6 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the mass exchanger in the oxygen concentration control device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0059] Figure 7 This is a front view schematic diagram of the mass exchanger in the oxygen concentration control device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0060] Figure 8 This is a schematic flowchart illustrating the oxygen concentration control method provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Attached image description:

[0062] 1-Mass exchanger; 2-Reaction vessel body; 3-Safety enclosure; 4-Reaction atmosphere pretreatment circuit;

[0063] 5-Liquid level regulation circuit; 6-Oxygen sensor; 7-Heating assembly; 8-First cylinder structure; 9-Second cylinder structure;

[0064] 10-First gas cylinder; 11-First pressure reducing valve; 12-First directional valve; 13-Vacuum pump;

[0065] 14-First shut-off valve; 15-Second gas cylinder; 16-Second pressure reducing valve; 17-Second directional valve;

[0066] 18-Second shut-off valve; 19-First pressure relief valve; 20-Second pressure relief valve; 21-First pressure sensor; 22-Second pressure sensor; 23-Water tank; 24-Sprayer head; 25-Inverted U-shaped pipe; 26-Temperature sensor; 27-Sensing end of temperature sensor; 28-Relief valve; 29-Collection tank;

[0067] 30 - Sealing assembly;

[0068] 31-First connector; 311-First internal threaded hole; 312-First through hole;

[0069] 32-Sealing ring; 321-First conical structure; 322-Sealing through hole;

[0070] 33-Connecting joint; 331-First conical groove; 332-Second conical structure;

[0071] 333 - Outer convex ring structure; 334 - Connecting through hole;

[0072] 34-Second connector; 341-Second through hole; 342-Second conical groove;

[0073] 35 - Fastening connector;

[0074] 36-particles. Detailed Implementation

[0075] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0076] Lead-based fast reactors present several challenging problems, one of which is the corrosion of the cladding material. Because molten lead is corrosive to metals under high temperature and radiation conditions, the cladding material may be eroded by lead, affecting the reactor's safety and reliability.

[0077] To protect the long-term performance of the cladding material, lead-based fast reactor systems typically require oxygen concentration control devices. This is because under oxygen-containing conditions, a dense oxide layer grows on the surface of the cladding metal, a process known as oxidative corrosion, which prevents further corrosion of the substrate by the lead-based coolant, thus protecting the substrate material. The function of the oxygen concentration control device is to maintain the oxygen concentration in the coolant within a controllable range to minimize the corrosive impact of the lead-based coolant on the cladding material.

[0078] However, since too low an oxygen concentration makes it difficult for oxides to form, while too high an oxygen concentration can lead to excessively thick oxide layers or the precipitation of oxides in the coolant, determining the appropriate oxygen concentration control method has become a key aspect of oxygen concentration control.

[0079] This invention provides an oxygen concentration control device, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 1 The diagram shows a two-dimensional structure of an oxygen concentration control device. Figure 6 The schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the mass exchanger in the oxygen concentration control device shown is as follows: Figure 7 The diagram shows a front view of the mass exchanger in the oxygen concentration control device. The device includes a mass exchanger 1, a reaction vessel 2, a reaction atmosphere pretreatment circuit 4, a liquid level adjustment circuit 5, an oxygen sensor 6, and a heating assembly 7. The mass exchanger 1 includes a first cylindrical structure 8 and a second cylindrical structure 9. The opening of the first cylindrical structure 8 faces upwards, and the opening of the second cylindrical structure 9 faces downwards. The second cylindrical structure 9 is fitted into the first cylindrical structure 8. A gap exists between the inner bottom surface of the first cylindrical structure 8 and the lower surface of the second cylindrical structure 9. The size of this gap is smaller than the particle size of the 36 particles inside the mass exchanger 1. A cylindrical structure 8 is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the cavity of the reactor body 2. The mass exchanger 1 is immersed in the liquid metal inside the reactor body 2. The reaction atmosphere pretreatment circuit 4 is sealed to the reactor body 2 to remove residual air inside the reactor body 2 before the experiment. The liquid level adjustment circuit 5 is sealed to the mass exchanger 1 to adjust the liquid level inside the mass exchanger 1. The oxygen sensor 6 is sealed to the reactor body 2 to measure the oxygen concentration inside the reactor body. The heating assembly 7 is disposed on the outer wall of the reactor body 2. See also... Figure 3 ,in, Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structural simulation of an oxygen concentration control device, including a mass exchanger 1, a reaction vessel 2, a safety housing 3, an oxygen sensor 6, a heating assembly 7, an inverted U-shaped pipe 25, a relief valve 28, a collection tank 29, and a sealing assembly 30.

[0080] Optionally, the aforementioned particles 36 can be lead oxide particles.

[0081] Optionally, the heating component 7 can be a heating belt. The reactor body 2 is exemplified by a liquid metal container.

[0082] It should be noted that before each experiment, the particle size of the particles 36 in the mass exchanger 1 should be checked. Particles 36 smaller than the preset size should be removed and new particles 36 should be added to avoid the situation where the particle size of the particles 36 in the mass exchanger 1 is smaller than the above-mentioned preset distance during the oxygen concentration control process, which would lead to the leakage of particles 36 and a decrease in the accuracy of oxygen concentration control.

[0083] The oxygen concentration control device provided in this embodiment of the invention comprises a mass exchanger 1, a reaction vessel 2, a reaction atmosphere pretreatment circuit 4, a liquid level adjustment circuit 5, an oxygen sensor 6, and a heating assembly 7. Before the experiment, residual gas in the reaction vessel 2 is removed through the reaction atmosphere pretreatment circuit 4, for example, residual oxygen in the reaction vessel 2, to improve the stability and safety of the reaction within the reaction vessel 2. During use of the reaction vessel 2, the mass exchanger 1 is fixed inside the cavity of the reaction vessel 2, and the oxygen concentration inside the reaction vessel 2 is controlled and adjusted through the liquid level adjustment circuit 5. Furthermore, there is a gap between the inner bottom surface of the first cylindrical structure 8 of the mass exchanger 1 and the lower surface of the second cylindrical structure 9, the gap being smaller than the internal dimensions of the mass exchanger. The particle size is 36. The aforementioned gaps prevent leakage of particles 36 within the mass exchanger 1 while allowing for the intake and output of liquid metal. This structured arrangement ensures the realization of the oxygen concentration control and self-mixing functions of the mass exchanger 1, improving the homogenization effect of oxygen elements in the liquid metal. Furthermore, the oxygen sensor 6 installed in the aforementioned oxygen concentration control device can monitor the oxygen concentration value inside the aforementioned reactor body 2, providing basic information for controlling and adjusting the oxygen concentration. The heating component 7 installed in the aforementioned oxygen concentration control device is located on the outer wall of the reactor body 2, heating the reactor body 2, causing the solid metal to become liquid, and ensuring that the metal inside the reactor body 2 remains liquid throughout the oxygen concentration control process. In summary, this structured arrangement of the oxygen concentration control device improves the safety and reliability of the oxygen concentration control device.

[0084] See also Figure 1 The diagram shows a two-dimensional structural schematic of an oxygen concentration control device. In this embodiment, the device further includes a safety housing 3, a reaction atmosphere pretreatment circuit 4 including a first shut-off valve 14, and a liquid level adjustment circuit 5 including a second shut-off valve 18. The reaction vessel 2 is disposed within the cavity of the safety housing 3 and is fixedly connected to the safety housing 3. The pipe between the port of the reaction atmosphere pretreatment circuit 4 and the first shut-off valve 14 passes through the cover of the safety housing 3 and the cover of the reaction vessel 2, and is sealed to both the safety housing 3 and the reaction vessel 2. The pipe between the first port of the liquid level adjustment circuit 5 and the second shut-off valve 18 passes through the cover of the safety housing 3 and the cover of the reaction vessel 2, and is sealed to both the safety housing 3 and the reaction vessel 2. The first port of the liquid level adjustment circuit 5 is connected to the interior of the mass exchanger 1 in a sealed manner. The oxygen sensor 6 passes through the cover of the safety housing 3 and the cover of the reaction vessel 2, and is sealed to both the safety housing 3 and the reaction vessel 2.

[0085] See also Figure 1The diagram shows a two-dimensional structure of an oxygen concentration control device. In this embodiment, the reaction atmosphere pretreatment circuit 4 is sequentially and sealed to a first gas cylinder 10, a first pressure reducing valve 11, a first reversing valve 12, and a first shut-off valve 14. The port of the reaction atmosphere pretreatment circuit 4 extends into the cavity of the reactor body 2, and the pipeline between the port and the first shut-off valve 14 is sealed to the shell cover of the reactor body 2. The first reversing valve 12 is sealed to a vacuum pump 13. Specifically, before the experiment, the first shut-off valve 14 is opened, and the first reversing valve 12 is switched to the vacuum pump 13 to evacuate the gas inside the reactor body 2. After the vacuum reaches the set value, the first reversing valve 12 is switched to the first gas cylinder 10, which can be an Ar gas cylinder, to fill the reactor body 2 with inert Ar gas. After the pressure reaches the set value, the first shut-off valve 14 is closed to achieve the pretreatment of the atmosphere inside the reactor body 2.

[0086] It should be noted that if the first reversing valve 12 connects the reactor body 2 to the vacuum pump 13, the vacuum pump 13 will be used to extract the air from the reactor body 2, so that the reactor body 2 is in a preset vacuum state (this vacuum state is not an absolute vacuum, but an approximate vacuum that meets the process conditions); if the first reversing valve 12 connects the reactor body 2 to the first gas cylinder 10, the first gas cylinder 10 will be used to inject a preset amount of inert gas into the reactor body 2 to balance the gas pressure.

[0087] The liquid level regulating circuit 5 is sequentially equipped with a second gas cylinder 15, a second pressure reducing valve 16, a second reversing valve 17, and a second shut-off valve 18. The first port of the liquid level regulating circuit 5 extends into the cavity of the mass exchanger 1, and the pipeline between this port and the second shut-off valve 18 is sealed to the shell cover of the reactor body 2 and the shell cover of the safety housing 3. The second reversing valve 17 is sealed to the second port of the liquid level regulating circuit 5. The liquid level regulating circuit 5 is used to control the liquid level inside the mass exchanger 1 to increase the oxygen concentration. The mass exchanger 1 contains a large amount of lead oxide particles as an oxygen source. When the liquid metal comes into contact with these particles, the solid lead oxide particles partially dissolve, increasing the oxygen concentration of the liquid metal inside the mass exchanger 1. By controlling the rise and fall of the liquid level inside the mass exchanger 1, the liquid metal with high oxygen content is forced out, while the liquid metal with low oxygen content is drawn in, thus regulating the oxygen content in the liquid metal within the device. The liquid level inside the mass exchanger 1 is controlled by external gas pressure. Since the mass exchanger 1 is connected to the reactor body 2, there is a one-to-one correspondence between the liquid level in the mass exchanger 1 and the gas pressure generated by the second gas cylinder 15 above it. Therefore, by precisely adjusting the outlet pressure of the first gas cylinder 10 connected above the mass exchanger 1, the second gas cylinder 15 can be an argon cylinder, thereby achieving precise control of the liquid level in the mass exchanger 1.

[0088] It should be noted that if the second reversing valve 17 connects one port of the liquid level regulating circuit 5 to the second gas cylinder 15, the second gas cylinder 15 injects inert gas into the mass exchanger 1, increasing the pressure inside the mass exchanger 1 and causing the liquid level in the mass exchanger 1 to drop. If the second reversing valve 17 connects one port of the liquid level regulating circuit 5 to the other port, the other port of the liquid level regulating circuit 5 discharges gas, decreasing the pressure inside the mass exchanger 1 and causing the liquid level in the mass exchanger 1 to rise. In this way, by continuously adjusting the pressure change inside the mass exchanger 1, the corresponding liquid level rises and falls, thereby increasing the oxygen concentration in the liquid metal.

[0089] It should be noted that the pressure reducing valve can reduce the pressure of high-pressure argon gas to a stable low pressure, so that argon gas can be supplied to the equipment at normal pressure.

[0090] See also Figure 1 A two-dimensional structural schematic diagram of an oxygen concentration control device is shown, and see also... Figure 4 The schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the emergency safety sprinkler system in the oxygen concentration control device shown is as follows: Figure 5 The diagram shows a cross-sectional view of the mass exchanger in the oxygen concentration control device. In this embodiment, the device further includes a first pressure relief circuit, a second pressure relief circuit, a first pressure sensor 21, a second pressure sensor 22, and a gas purification circuit. The first pressure relief circuit includes a first pressure relief valve 19, with its inlet port extending into the cavity of the safety housing 3. A pipe connecting the inlet port and the first pressure relief valve 19 of the first pressure relief circuit passes through the cover of the safety housing 3 and is sealed to the safety housing 3 to relieve pressure within the cavity of the safety housing 3. The second pressure relief circuit includes a second pressure relief valve 20, with its inlet port extending into the cavity of the reactor body 2. A pipe connecting the inlet port and the second pressure relief valve 20 of the second pressure relief circuit passes through both the cover of the safety housing 3 and the cover of the reactor body 2. The first pressure sensor 21 penetrates the cover of the safety housing 3 and is sealed to the safety housing 3 to relieve pressure inside the cavity of the reactor body 2; the second pressure sensor 22 penetrates the cover of the safety housing 3 and the cover of the reactor body 2, and is sealed to the safety housing 3 and the reactor body 2 to sense the pressure inside the cavity of the reactor body 2; the gas purification circuit includes a water tank 23, and the second port of the liquid level regulating circuit 5, the outlet port of the first pressure relief circuit and the outlet port of the second pressure relief circuit are all connected below the liquid surface of the water tank 23; the gas purification circuit is used to treat the generated waste gas and lead-containing aerosol to ensure the airtightness of the device and prevent lead-containing aerosol leakage.

[0091] See also Figure 1The diagram shows a two-dimensional structural schematic of an oxygen concentration control device. In this embodiment, the device further includes an emergency safety spray system, a passive circulating cooling system, a relief valve 28, a collection tank 29, and a temperature sensor 26. The emergency safety spray system includes one or more nozzles 24; each nozzle 24 penetrates the cover of the safety housing 3 and is sealed to the safety housing 3. The passive circulating cooling system includes one or more inverted U-shaped pipes 25, which are connected to the interior of the safety housing 3 in a sealed manner. The emergency safety spray system and the passive circulating cooling system are used to prevent the risk of overheating of the inner reactor body 2, while simultaneously controlling the temperature of the device and improving the overall safety of the device operation. The relief valve 28 is located below the safety housing 3 and is used to control the flow of liquid metal inside the reactor body 2 into the collection tank 29. The collection tank 29 is located below the relief valve 28. The temperature sensor 26 penetrates the cover of the safety housing 3 and is sealed to the safety housing 3. Furthermore, the sensing end 27 of the temperature sensor contacts the outer wall of the reactor body 2 to sense the temperature of the reactor body 2.

[0092] It should be noted that, in order to prevent component failure, when conditions exceeding the set allowable operating conditions occur (e.g., wall temperature or lead-bismuth temperature exceeds the allowable temperature, heating belt body breaks, or other unexpected situations), Figure 1 The vent valve 28 below the reactor body 2 will automatically open, allowing liquid metal to flow into the collection tank 29. The emergency safety spray system will automatically activate, pumping cold water via an external pump and spraying it through nozzles 24. The cold water undergoes intense heat exchange upon contact with the high-temperature tank, rapidly reducing the temperature. During the spraying process, the injection of cold water generates a large amount of water vapor. This water vapor rises into the passive circulating cooling system piping, where it is cooled by air cooling on the outside of the piping, condensing into liquid water that drips back down and re-exchanges heat with the reactor body 2. Therefore, the emergency safety spray system, passive circulating cooling system, vent valve 28, and collection tank 29 are designed to handle potential emergencies during the experiment, ensuring the safety and reliability of the equipment operation.

[0093] In this embodiment of the invention, see Figure 2The diagram shows a two-dimensional structural schematic of a sealing assembly. The device further includes a sealing assembly 30, which is fixed to the cover of the safety housing 3 or the cover of the reactor body 2. The sealing assembly 30 includes a first connector 31, a connecting connector 33, a second connector 34, a fastening connector 35, and a sealing ring 32. The first connector 31 is sealed and fixed to the cover of the reactor body 2. One end of the first connector 31 has a first internal threaded hole 311, and the other end has a first through hole 312 communicating with the cavity of the reactor body 2. The first internal threaded hole 311 and the first through hole 312 are connected. One end of the sealing ring 32 has a first conical structure 321 on its outer periphery and has sealing through holes 322 penetrating both ends of it. The sealing through holes 322 are connected to the first through hole 312, and the sealing ring 32 is located within the first internal threaded hole 311 of the first connector 31. The connecting connector 33 is a rod-shaped structure with connecting through holes 334 penetrating both ends of it. One end of the head 33 has an external thread on its outer periphery that matches the first internal thread hole 311 of the first connector 31, and the inner periphery of that end has a first conical groove 331 that matches the shape of the sealing ring 32. The other end has a second conical structure 332 and an external convex ring structure 333 on its outer periphery. The connecting through hole 334 is connected to the sealing through hole 322. One end of the second connector 34 has an external thread on its outer periphery and a second conical groove 342 on its inner periphery that matches the second conical structure 332 of the connecting connector 33. The second connector 34 has a second through hole 341 that passes through both ends of it and is connected to the connecting through hole 334. The fastening connector 35 is a cylindrical structure. The bottom of the cylindrical structure is loosely fitted on the outer periphery of the connecting connector 33, and the inner bottom wall of the cylindrical structure abuts against the end face of the external convex ring structure 333 facing the first connector 31. The inner side wall of the fastening connector 35 has an internal thread that matches the external thread of the second connector 34.

[0094] Using the aforementioned sealing component 30, it can be used as an independent connecting joint 33. The second joint 34 can be used to seal and fix the corresponding pipeline. As the second joint 34 is tightened toward the fastening joint 35, the second conical groove 342 of the second joint 34 and the second conical structure 332 of the connecting joint 33 are gradually pressed together and sealed, thereby achieving a reliable sealed and locked connection between the second joint 34 and the connecting joint 33. The first joint 31 can be sealed and welded to the shell cover of the reactor body 2, or integrally formed. As the connecting joint 33 is continuously tightened toward the first joint 31, the first conical groove 331 of the connecting joint 33 gradually presses against the first conical structure 321 of the sealing ring 32. This not only gradually presses and seals the first conical groove 331 and the first conical structure 321, but also gradually presses and seals the sealing ring 32 against the bottom wall of the first internal threaded hole 311 of the first joint 31, thereby achieving a reliable seal at the connection.

[0095] In this embodiment of the invention, since the temperature, pressure, and oxygen concentration inside the reactor body 2 need to be measured during the corrosion performance test, there are multiple penetrating parts on the surface of the reactor body 2, such as temperature sensors and pipelines. To ensure good airtightness of the penetrating parts, the aforementioned sealing assembly 30 is used to seal all penetrating parts using a mechanical fastening sealing method. The mechanical fastening sealing joint has two sealing surfaces inside to ensure the safety and stability of the liquid metal. For example, the first joint 31 is welded to the top of the reactor body 2's shell cover, and the connection is achieved through the conical joints, conical grooves, and threaded locking structures at both ends of the connecting joint 33. A two-stage seal is achieved. Specifically, at the lower end of the connecting joint 33, the sealing and pressing fit between the first conical structure 321 of the sealing ring 32 and the first conical groove 331 of the connecting joint 33 forms a primary sealing surface, which is locked by the threaded fit between the connecting joint 33 and the first joint 31. At the upper end of the connecting joint 33, the sealing and pressing fit between the second conical structure 332 of the connecting joint 33 and the second conical groove 342 of the second joint 34 forms a secondary sealing surface, which is locked by the threaded fit between the second joint 34 and the fastening joint 35, thus achieving a highly reliable two-stage sealing structure.

[0096] It should be noted that the sealing ring 32 can be fixed to the bottom wall of the first internal threaded hole 311 of the first connector 31, for example, by welding or integral molding; in addition, the sealing ring 32 and the first connector 31 can be set as separate connectors. This setting is convenient for processing. Combined with the structure of the first conical groove 331, the structure of the first conical body 321 and the threaded connection structure of the first connector 31 and the connecting connector 33, a highly reliable sealing and fixing connection can also be achieved in this part.

[0097] In this embodiment of the invention, when in use, the corresponding pipe can be tightly inserted through the sealing through hole of the sealing ring 32. That is, the inner side wall of the sealing through hole and the outer side wall of the corresponding pipe are tightly sealed together. In the working state, the inner side wall of the sealing through hole of the first conical structure 321 gradually presses against the outer side wall of the pipe, thereby achieving a reliable seal between the pipe and the reactor body 2, and can also achieve a highly reliable sealed and fixed connection.

[0098] The first and second pressure relief circuits provided in this embodiment of the invention can ensure that the pressure in the corresponding chambers will not damage the sealing structure of the sealing assembly 30, thereby effectively achieving sealing.

[0099] The oxygen concentration control device provided in this embodiment of the invention is further equipped with a first pressure relief circuit, a second pressure relief circuit, a gas purification circuit, an emergency safety spray system, and a passive circulating cooling system, and the pipeline is sealed and connected by a sealing component 30, which further improves the safety and reliability of the oxygen concentration control device.

[0100] Furthermore, this embodiment also provides an oxygen concentration control method, applied to the aforementioned oxygen concentration control device, see [link to documentation]. Figure 8 The diagram shows a schematic flowchart of the oxygen concentration control method, and see further details. Figure 1 The diagram shows a two-dimensional structure of an oxygen concentration control device. The method includes:

[0101] S810, by controlling the reaction atmosphere pretreatment circuit 4, empties the air inside the chamber of the reactor body 2 and fills it with inert gas.

[0102] S820, obtain the oxygen concentration value inside the cavity of reactor body 2.

[0103] S830 compares the oxygen concentration value inside the reactor body 2 with the oxygen concentration range, and controls the periodic change of the liquid level of the mass exchanger 1 through the liquid level adjustment circuit 5.

[0104] The oxygen concentration range mentioned above is the allowable range for oxidation and corrosion of the cladding material. If the oxygen concentration of the liquid metal is not within this range, a dense oxide layer of suitable thickness cannot be formed on the surface of the cladding material to prevent the liquid metal from corroding the cladding material.

[0105] The oxygen concentration control method provided in this embodiment of the invention empties the air from the cavity of the reactor body 2 and fills it with inert gas by controlling the reaction atmosphere pretreatment circuit 4, thereby avoiding adverse effects of air on the reaction; obtains the oxygen concentration value inside the cavity of the reactor body 2; compares the oxygen concentration value inside the cavity of the reactor body 2 with an oxygen concentration range, and controls the liquid level change of the mass exchanger 1 through the liquid level adjustment circuit 5. The oxygen concentration range is the allowable range for oxidation and corrosion of the cladding material, thereby achieving control of the oxygen concentration inside the reactor body 2. Furthermore, since the liquid metal in the mass exchanger 1 undergoes a huff and puff process, the above control method has the characteristic of self-mixing. In addition, the self-mixing effect can be controlled by adjusting the cycle time. In summary, the safety and reliability of the oxygen concentration control process are improved.

[0106] In this embodiment, the oxygen concentration range includes the optimal oxygen concentration value, and step S820 includes: if the oxygen concentration value inside the reactor body 2 is less than the lower limit of the oxygen concentration range, the liquid level inside the mass exchanger 1 is controlled to rise and fall periodically between the first liquid level and the second liquid level through the liquid level adjustment circuit 5; if the oxygen concentration value inside the reactor body 2 is greater than the lower limit of the oxygen concentration range and less than the optimal oxygen concentration value, the liquid level inside the mass exchanger 1 is controlled to rise and fall periodically between the first liquid level and the third liquid level through the liquid level adjustment circuit 5; wherein, the first liquid level is higher than the third liquid level and the second liquid level.

[0107] It should be noted that the oxygen concentration control logic of this invention is as follows: a control signal is generated based on the oxygen concentration range and the optimal oxygen concentration. If the current oxygen concentration level is lower than the lower limit of the oxygen concentration range, a rapid oxygenation control signal is generated to quickly increase the oxygen content in the device; if the current oxygen concentration level is higher than the lower limit of the oxygen concentration range but lower than the optimal oxygen concentration, a low-speed oxygenation control signal is used to slowly increase the oxygen content in the device. Since there is no oxygen inside the device initially, the oxygen concentration will not exceed the upper limit of the oxygen concentration range during the adjustment process.

[0108] For both rapid and slow oxygen concentration increase signals, the oxygen concentration control device performs the following operations: For a rapid oxygen concentration increase signal, when this signal appears, the liquid level regulation circuit 5 generates a periodic pressure signal for liquid level adjustment, causing the mass exchanger 1 to repeatedly rise and fall within a preset period, with the highest level being full and the lowest level being empty. Through this repeated liquid exchange, the liquid metal oxygen content inside the oxygen concentration control device is rapidly increased. For a slow oxygen concentration increase signal, the operation of the oxygen concentration control device is similar to that for a rapid oxygen concentration increase signal, except that the lowest liquid level is not empty but half-empty. Because the liquid exchange volume is smaller at this time, the liquid metal oxygen content inside the oxygen concentration control device can be slowly increased to approach the optimal oxygen concentration. It should be noted that if it is necessary to stop the increase in oxygen concentration, it is only necessary to keep the liquid level inside the mass exchanger 1 at the empty level.

[0109] In this embodiment, the above method further includes: obtaining the intracavitary pressure value of the safety housing 3 and the intracavitary pressure value of the reactor body 2; if the intracavitary pressure value of the safety housing 3 is greater than the first pressure threshold, then controlling the first pressure relief valve 19 to open; if the intracavitary pressure value of the reactor body 2 is greater than the second pressure threshold, then controlling the second pressure relief valve 20 to open.

[0110] In this embodiment, the above method further includes: obtaining the tank temperature value of the reactor body 2; if the tank temperature value of the reactor body 2 is higher than the temperature threshold, controlling the nozzle 24 of the emergency safety sprinkler system to output water and controlling the relief valve 28 to open.

[0111] Based on the first pressure relief circuit, the second pressure relief circuit, the emergency safety sprinkler system, the relief valve 28, and the collection tank 29, the oxygen concentration control method provided in this embodiment of the invention also provides a method to ensure the safety of the oxygen concentration control process, further improving the safety and reliability of the oxygen concentration control method.

[0112] The main technical features of the embodiments of the present invention are summarized as follows:

[0113] 1. By controlling the pressure of mass exchanger 1, the liquid level in mass exchanger 1 is controlled, thereby increasing the oxygen concentration of the liquid metal within mass exchanger 1. Specifically, mass exchanger 1 contains a large number of lead oxide particles as an oxygen source. When the liquid metal comes into contact with these particles, the solid lead oxide particles partially dissolve, increasing the oxygen concentration of the liquid metal within mass exchanger 1. By controlling the rise and fall of the liquid level within mass exchanger 1, the liquid metal with high oxygen content is forced out, while the liquid metal with low oxygen content is drawn in, thus regulating the oxygen content in the liquid metal within the device. Therefore, the above device and method have the advantages of precision, speed, and linear adjustability. Due to the liquid metal ingestion and expulsion process within mass exchanger 1, the above device and method also possess the characteristic of self-mixing.

[0114] 2. The oxygen concentration control device has a double-layer structure for high safety. The outer layer serves as a containment structure, and an automatic depressurization and passive circulating spray system is added to the containment structure 3 to achieve liquid metal collection and rapid cooling under accident conditions.

[0115] Of course, those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the processes in the above embodiments can be implemented by computer-controlled devices. The program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. When the program is executed, it can include the processes of the above method embodiments. The storage medium can be a memory, a disk, an optical disk, etc.

[0116] Finally, it should be noted that in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0117] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other.

[0118] While the present invention has been disclosed above, it is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can make various modifications and alterations without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention; therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope defined in the claims.

Claims

1. An oxygen concentration control device, characterized in that, The device includes a mass exchanger, a reaction vessel, a reaction atmosphere pretreatment circuit, a liquid level regulation circuit, an oxygen sensor, and a heating assembly; The mass exchanger includes a first cylindrical structure and a second cylindrical structure. The opening of the first cylindrical structure faces upward, and the opening of the second cylindrical structure faces downward. The second cylindrical structure is fitted into the first cylindrical structure. There is a gap between the inner bottom surface of the first cylindrical structure and the lower surface of the second cylindrical structure. The size of this gap is smaller than the particle size inside the mass exchanger. The first cylindrical structure is fixedly connected to the inner bottom surface of the reactor body. The mass exchanger is immersed in liquid metal inside the reactor body. The reaction atmosphere pretreatment circuit is sealed to the reaction vessel body and is used to remove residual air inside the reaction vessel body before the experiment. The liquid level regulating circuit is sealed to the mass exchanger and is used to regulate the liquid level inside the mass exchanger. The oxygen sensor is sealed to the reactor body and is used to measure the oxygen concentration inside the reactor body; The heating assembly is disposed on the outer wall of the reaction vessel body; The device also includes a safety housing, the reaction atmosphere pretreatment circuit includes a first shut-off valve, and the liquid level regulation circuit includes a second shut-off valve. The reactor body is disposed within the cavity of the safety housing, and the reactor body is fixedly connected to the safety housing; The pipe between the port of the reaction atmosphere pretreatment loop and the first shut-off valve passes through the cover of the safety housing and the cover of the reactor body, and is sealed to the safety housing and the reactor body. The pipe between the first port of the liquid level regulating circuit and the second shut-off valve passes through the cover of the safety housing and the cover of the reactor body, and is sealed to the safety housing and the reactor body. The first port of the liquid level regulating circuit is connected to the interior of the mass exchanger to form a sealed connection. The oxygen sensor penetrates the cover of the safety housing and the cover of the reactor body, and is sealed to both the safety housing and the reactor body. The device also includes an emergency safety sprinkler system, a passive circulating cooling system, a relief valve, a collection tank, and a temperature sensor; The emergency safety sprinkler system includes one or more nozzles; the nozzles penetrate the cover of the safety housing and are sealed to the safety housing. The passive circulating cooling system includes one or more inverted U-shaped pipes, which are connected in a sealed manner to the interior of the safety housing; The vent valve is located below the safety housing and is used to control the flow of liquid metal from inside the reactor body into the collection tank; The collection tank is located below the discharge valve; The temperature sensor penetrates the cover of the safety housing and is sealed to the safety housing. The sensing end of the temperature sensor is in contact with the outer wall of the reactor body and is used to sense the temperature of the reactor body.

2. The oxygen concentration control device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reaction atmosphere pretreatment circuit is sequentially and sealed to a first gas cylinder, a first pressure reducing valve, a first reversing valve, and a first shut-off valve. The port of the reaction atmosphere pretreatment circuit extends into the cavity of the reactor body, and the pipeline between the port of the reaction atmosphere pretreatment circuit and the first shut-off valve is sealed to the shell cover of the reactor body. The first reversing valve is sealed to a vacuum pump. The liquid level regulating circuit is sequentially provided with a second gas cylinder, a second pressure reducing valve, a second reversing valve, and a second shut-off valve. The first port of the liquid level regulating circuit extends into the cavity of the mass exchanger, and the pipeline between the first port of the liquid level regulating circuit and the second shut-off valve is sealed to the shell cover of the safety housing and the shell cover of the reactor body. The second reversing valve is sealed to the second port of the liquid level regulating circuit.

3. The oxygen concentration control device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The device also includes a first pressure relief circuit, a second pressure relief circuit, a first pressure sensor, a second pressure sensor, and a gas purification circuit; The first pressure relief circuit includes a first pressure relief valve. The pipe between the air inlet port of the first pressure relief circuit and the first pressure relief valve of the first pressure relief circuit passes through the cover of the safety housing and is sealed to the safety housing. The second pressure relief circuit includes a second pressure relief valve. The pipe between the air inlet port of the second pressure relief circuit and the second pressure relief valve of the second pressure relief circuit passes through the cover of the safety housing and the cover of the reactor body, and is sealed to the safety housing and the reactor body. The first pressure sensor penetrates the cover of the safety housing and is sealed to the safety housing, and is used to sense the air pressure inside the safety housing. The second pressure sensor penetrates the cover of the safety housing and the cover of the reactor body, and is sealed to the safety housing and the reactor body, for sensing the gas pressure inside the reactor body; The gas purification circuit includes a water tank, and the second port of the liquid level regulation circuit, the gas outlet port of the first pressure relief circuit, and the gas outlet port of the second pressure relief circuit are all connected below the liquid level in the water tank.

4. The oxygen concentration control device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The device further includes a sealing assembly fixed to the cover of the safety housing and / or the cover of the reactor body; The sealing assembly includes a first connector, a connecting connector, a second connector, a fastening connector, and a sealing ring. The first connector is sealed and fixed to the shell cover of the reactor body. One end of the first connector has a first internal threaded hole, and the other end has a first through hole communicating with the cavity of the reactor body. The first internal threaded hole is connected to the first through hole. One end of the sealing ring has a first conical structure on its outer periphery and has a sealing through hole penetrating both ends of it. The sealing through hole is connected to the first through hole, and the sealing ring is located in the first internal threaded hole of the first connector. The connecting connector has a rod-shaped structure with a connecting through hole penetrating both ends of it. One end of the connecting connector has an external thread that matches the first internal threaded hole of the first connector, and this end... The inner circumference of the first connector has a first conical groove that matches the shape of the sealing ring, and the outer circumference of the other end has a second conical structure and an outer convex ring structure. The connecting through hole is connected to the sealing through hole. The outer circumference of one end of the second connector has an external thread, and the inner circumference has a second conical groove that matches the second conical structure of the connecting connector. The second connector has a second through hole that passes through both ends of it, and the second through hole is connected to the connecting through hole. The fastening connector is a cylindrical structure. The bottom of the cylindrical structure is loosely fitted onto the outer circumference of the connecting connector, and the inner bottom wall of the cylindrical bottom abuts against the end face of the outer convex ring structure facing the first connector. The inner side wall of the fastening connector has an internal thread that matches the external thread of the second connector.

5. A method for controlling oxygen concentration, characterized in that, The method, applied to the oxygen concentration control device according to any one of claims 1-4, comprises: By controlling the reaction atmosphere pretreatment circuit, the air inside the reactor body is emptied and filled with inert gas; Obtain the oxygen concentration value inside the cavity of the reactor body; The oxygen concentration value inside the reactor body is compared with the oxygen concentration range, and the liquid level of the mass exchanger is controlled periodically through the liquid level regulation loop. The oxygen concentration range is the allowable range for oxidation and corrosion of the cladding material.

6. The oxygen concentration control method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The oxygen concentration range includes an optimal oxygen concentration value. The step of comparing the intracavitary oxygen concentration value of the reactor body with the oxygen concentration range, and controlling the periodic change of the mass exchanger level through the liquid level regulation loop, includes: If the oxygen concentration inside the reactor body is less than the lower limit of the oxygen concentration range, the liquid level inside the mass exchanger is controlled to rise and fall periodically between the first liquid level and the second liquid level through the liquid level regulation circuit. If the oxygen concentration value inside the reactor body is greater than the lower limit of the oxygen concentration range and less than the optimal oxygen concentration value, the liquid level inside the mass exchanger is controlled to rise and fall periodically between the first liquid level and the third liquid level through the liquid level regulation loop. Wherein, the first liquid level is higher than the third liquid level, which is higher than the second liquid level.

7. The oxygen concentration control method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The method further includes: Obtain the internal pressure value of the safety housing and the internal pressure value of the reaction vessel body; If the internal air pressure of the safety housing is greater than the first pressure threshold, then the first pressure relief valve is controlled to open. And / or, if the gas pressure inside the reactor body is greater than the second pressure threshold, the second pressure relief valve is controlled to open.

8. The oxygen concentration control method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The method further includes: Obtain the tank temperature value of the reactor body; If the temperature of the reactor body is higher than the temperature threshold, the nozzles of the emergency safety sprinkler system will be controlled to spray water, and the relief valve will be controlled to open.

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