Parts clamping mechanism for machining machine tools

Abstract

The present invention provides a part clamping mechanism for a machining machine tool, comprising: an upper plate body having a plurality of claw slide grooves; a lower plate body mounted below the upper plate body; a lower claw body capable of being slidably mounted to the claw slide grooves; and an upper claw body capable of being rotatably mounted on the lower claw body through an adjustment bolt, thereby realizing the switching between normal installation and reverse installation. The present invention enables the upper claw body to be quickly switched between normal installation and reverse installation, reduces the time and operation difficulty of replacing the claws, and improves the convenience and work efficiency of the operator; in addition, it is no longer necessary to prepare two sets of claws for normal installation and reverse installation, thereby reducing the purchase and maintenance costs and the operating costs of the enterprise.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of lathe processing, in particular to a part clamping mechanism for processing machine tools. Background Art

[0002] In lathe processing, the chuck jaws are important tools for clamping workpieces. In order to meet the clamping requirements of workpieces of different diameters, the chuck jaws are usually divided into two modes: forward mounting and reverse mounting. The forward mounting mode is suitable for clamping workpieces with smaller diameters, while the reverse mounting mode is suitable for clamping workpieces with larger diameters. However, the existing chuck jaws have the following problems when switching between forward mounting and reverse mounting:

[0003] 1. Different jaws need to be used: When switching between forward installation and reverse installation, different jaws need to be replaced, which not only increases the cost but also complicates the operation process.

[0004] 2. Inconvenient disassembly and assembly: The existing chuck jaws have a complicated disassembly and assembly process when replacing, which increases the operation time and labor intensity.

[0005] The information disclosed in the background technology section of this application is only intended to deepen the understanding of the general background technology of this application, and should not be regarded as an admission or any form of suggestion that the information constitutes the prior art already known to those skilled in the art. Summary of the invention

[0006] Based on this, it is necessary to provide a part clamping mechanism for machining machine tools to address the problems existing in the current chuck jaws, which can quickly switch between normal and reverse installation, reduce the time and difficulty of replacing the jaws, and improve the convenience and work efficiency of the operator. In addition, it is no longer necessary to prepare two sets of jaws for normal and reverse installation, which reduces the purchase and maintenance costs and reduces the operating costs of the enterprise.

[0007] The present invention provides a part clamping mechanism for a machining machine tool, comprising: an upper disc body, which has a plurality of claw slide grooves; a lower disc body, which is installed below the upper disc body; a lower claw body, which can be slidably installed in the claw slide grooves; and an upper claw body, which can be rotatably installed on the lower claw body through an adjusting bolt, so as to realize the switching between normal installation and reverse installation.

[0008] In one of the embodiments, the part clamping mechanism for a processing machine tool further comprises: a planar spiral disk; wherein a first accommodation space exists between the upper disk body and the lower disk body, and the planar spiral disk can be rotatably disposed in the first accommodation space.

[0009] In one embodiment, the upper surface of the lower claw body and the lower surface of the upper claw body each have latch teeth and are capable of meshing.

[0010] In one of the embodiments, the adjusting bolt includes a threaded column, a limiting ring located at the bottom of the threaded column and a cover cap located at the top of the threaded column, the cover cap has a first elastic device mounting groove, and the first elastic device is installed in the first elastic device mounting groove; the lower claw body has a lower claw body first mounting groove and a lower claw body first through hole, the lower claw body first mounting groove is connected to the upper surface of the lower claw body through the lower claw body first through hole, and a nut that can slide up and down is installed in the lower claw body first mounting groove; the upper claw body has an upper claw body slide groove, and the upper claw body slide groove includes a first slide groove and a second slide groove, the first slide groove is located above the second slide groove, and the length and width of the first slide groove are respectively greater than the length and width of the second slide groove, the cover cap is located in the first slide groove, and the bottom of the first elastic device stops at the bottom surface of the first slide groove.

[0011] In one embodiment, the lower claw body has two lower claw body second mounting grooves and two lower claw body second through holes, each of the lower claw body second mounting grooves is connected to the upper surface of the lower claw body through one of the lower claw body second through holes, and the two lower claw body second mounting grooves are located on both sides of the lower claw body first mounting groove in the length direction of the lower claw body; a second elastic device and a pin are installed in the second mounting groove of the lower claw body, the top of the second elastic device is resting on the bottom of the pin, and the top of the pin can pass through the second through hole of the lower claw body.

[0012] In one embodiment, the cap has an external thread, an adjustment cylinder is installed in the first slide groove, the adjustment cylinder extends along the length direction of the first slide groove and has a vertical through groove, and at least one long side wall of the through groove has a second thread.

[0013] In one of the embodiments, the lower claw body has limiting grooves on both sides, and the claw sliding groove has a boss corresponding to the limiting grooves.

[0014] In one of the embodiments, the lower surface of the lower claw body has a planar thread groove, and the upper surface of the planar spiral disk has a first thread corresponding to the planar thread groove.

[0015] In one of the embodiments, the upper disk body has a penetrating mounting hole, an adjusting gear is installed in the mounting hole, one end of the adjusting gear extends into the first accommodating space and meshes with the lower surface of the planar spiral disk.

[0016] In one embodiment, one end of the adjusting gear is conical, and the lower surface of the planar spiral disk is formed as an inclined surface.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0018] (1) The present invention can rotate the upper claw body 180 degrees without disassembling the upper claw body to achieve rapid switching between normal installation and reverse installation. There is no need to completely disassemble the upper claw body and the lower claw body, which reduces the time and difficulty of replacing the claws, improves the convenience and work efficiency of the operator, reduces the safety hazards caused by frequent disassembly and assembly, improves the safety of operation, reduces the downtime caused by replacing the claws, and improves production efficiency.

[0019] (2) The present invention can realize the switching between normal installation and reverse installation by directly rotating the existing upper claw body 180 degrees. It is no longer necessary to prepare two sets of claws for normal installation and reverse installation, which reduces the purchase and maintenance costs and the operating costs of the enterprise.

[0020] (3) The lower claw body and the upper claw body can slide along the claw slide groove to adapt to the clamping requirements of workpieces of different diameters, thereby improving the flexibility and adaptability of lathe processing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a part clamping mechanism for a machining machine tool according to the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 It is a front view of the part clamping mechanism for a processing machine tool of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Sectional view at AA;

[0024] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the cooperation between the upper claw body and the lower claw body;

[0025] Figure 5 The diagram shows the upper claw and the lower claw disengaging their teeth. Figure 1 ;

[0026] Figure 6 The diagram shows the upper claw and the lower claw disengaging their teeth. Figure 2 ;

[0027] Figure 7 for Figure 6 A partial enlarged view of the latch teeth in FIG.

[0028] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the upper claw body after reverse installation;

[0029] Fig. 9 It is a structural schematic diagram of a planar spiral disk;

[0030] Fig.10 Schematic diagram of the structure of the upper claw body;

[0031] Fig.11 Schematic diagram of the structure of the lower claw;

[0032] Fig.12 The diagram shows the upper claw and the lower claw disengaging their teeth. Figure 3 .

[0033] in:

[0034] 130, lower plate; 131, support portion; 132, connection portion; 110, upper plate; 111, claw slide groove; 112, storage compartment; 113, mounting portion; 114, boss; 115, mounting hole; 120, adjustment gear; 140, fastening screw; 150, plane spiral disk; 151, first thread; 160, first storage space; 210, upper claw body; 211, resistance groove; 212, first step; 213, second step; 214, third step; 220, adjustment bolt; 221, cap; 222, first elastic device; 223, gasket; 224, Threaded column; 225, nut; 226, limiting ring; 227, first elastic device mounting groove; 230, adjusting cylinder; 231, through groove; 232, second thread; 240, lower claw body; 241, plane thread groove; 242, limiting groove; 243, first mounting groove of lower claw body; 244, first through hole of lower claw body; 245, second mounting groove of lower claw body; 246, second through hole of lower claw body; 247, bottom plate; 250, latching tooth; 251, inclined plane; 260, pin; 270, upper claw body slide groove; 271, first slide groove; 272, second slide groove; 280, second elastic device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below through embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0036] The serial numbers assigned to the components herein, such as "first", "second", etc., are only used to distinguish the objects described and do not have any order or technical meaning. The "connection" and "coupling" mentioned in this application, unless otherwise specified, include direct and indirect connections (couplings). In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or position relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc. are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation to the present invention.

[0037] like Figures 1 to 4As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a part clamping mechanism for a machining machine, comprising: a lower disc body 130 , an upper disc body 110 , a lower claw body 240 and an upper claw body 210 .

[0038] The upper plate 110 has a plurality of claw slide grooves 111 (see Figure 1 and Figure 2 ), the claw slide groove 111 extends along the radial direction of the upper disc body 110. The lower disc body 130 is installed below the upper disc body 110.

[0039] The lower claw body 240 is slidably mounted to the claw sliding groove 111 , that is, the lower claw body 240 can slide along the claw sliding groove 111 .

[0040] The upper claw body 210 is rotatably mounted on the lower claw body 240 via an adjusting bolt 220, thereby realizing switching between normal installation and reverse installation.

[0041] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0042] (1) The present invention can rotate the upper claw body 210 180 degrees without disassembling the upper claw body 210, so as to realize a quick switch between normal installation and reverse installation. It is no longer necessary to completely disassemble the upper claw body 210 and the lower claw body 240, which reduces the time and operation difficulty of replacing the claws, improves the convenience and work efficiency of the operator, reduces the safety hazards caused by frequent disassembly and assembly, improves the safety of operation, reduces the downtime caused by replacing the claws, and improves production efficiency.

[0043] (2) The present invention can realize the switching between normal installation and reverse installation by directly rotating the existing upper claw body 210 by 180 degrees. It is no longer necessary to prepare two sets of claws for normal installation and reverse installation, thereby reducing the purchase and maintenance costs and the operating costs of the enterprise.

[0044] (3) The lower claw body 240 and the upper claw body 210 can slide along the claw slide groove 111 to meet the clamping requirements of workpieces with different diameters, thereby improving the flexibility and adaptability of lathe processing.

[0045] For example, Figure 3 As shown, the part clamping mechanism for a processing machine tool according to the embodiment of the present invention further includes a flat spiral disk 150 .

[0046] There is a first accommodating space 160 between the upper disk body 110 and the lower disk body 130 , and the planar spiral disk 150 is rotatably disposed in the first accommodating space 160 .

[0047] For example, Figure 3As shown, the lower plate 130 is annular as a whole and includes an annular support portion 131 and an annular connection portion 132 . The connection portion 132 is located above the support portion 131 , and the outer diameter of the connection portion 132 is slightly larger than the inner diameter of the support portion 131 .

[0048] The support portion 131 is used to support one end of the adjustment gear 120 described later, which is located in the first accommodation space 160 .

[0049] The connecting portion 132 is used to connect to the mounting portion 113 of the upper disk body 110 to be described later.

[0050] Exemplarily, the upper plate body 110 is annular as a whole and has a receiving chamber 112, and the top wall of the receiving chamber 112 has a mounting portion 113 extending downward, and the mounting portion 113 is used to mount the lower plate body 130. Specifically, the connecting portion 132 of the lower plate body 130 is connected to the mounting portion 113 by a fastening screw 140 to mount the lower plate body 130 to the upper plate body 110.

[0051] The top wall, side wall, mounting portion 113, upper surface of the supporting portion 131 and the outer peripheral surface of the connecting portion 132 of the accommodating chamber 112 form the above-mentioned first accommodating space 160 for mounting the planar spiral disk 150 and one end of the adjusting gear 120 to be introduced later.

[0052] For example, Figure 3 As shown, the upper disk body 110 has a through mounting hole 115, and an adjusting gear 120 is mounted in the mounting hole 115. One end of the adjusting gear 120 extends into the first accommodation space 160 and meshes with the lower surface of the planar spiral disk 150. Specifically, the mounting hole 115 is provided on the side wall of the upper disk body 110 (i.e., the side wall of the accommodation chamber 112).

[0053] In one exemplary embodiment, Figure 3 As shown, one end of the adjusting gear 120 is tapered, and the lower surface of the planar spiral disk 150 is formed as an inclined surface corresponding to the adjusting gear 120 .

[0054] In another exemplary embodiment, one end of the adjusting gear 120 is cylindrical, and the lower surface of the planar spiral disk 150 is formed as a plane corresponding to the adjusting gear 120 (not shown in the figure).

[0055] The other end of the adjusting gear 120 is located in the mounting hole 115 .

[0056] By rotating the adjusting gear 120 , the planar spiral disk 150 is driven to rotate around the axis of the planar spiral disk 150 , thereby driving the lower claw body 240 to move.

[0057] Exemplarily, the lower claw body 240 has a limiting groove 242 on both sides (see Fig.11), the claw slide groove 111 has a boss 114 corresponding to the limit groove 242 (see Figure 1 ), the boss 114 is located in the limiting groove 242, so that the lower claw body 240 can only slide along the claw sliding groove 111.

[0058] Exemplarily, the upper surface of the lower claw body 240 and the lower surface of the upper claw body 210 each have a latching tooth 250 (see Figure 4 and Figure 5 ), and are able to engage so that the lower claw body 240 and the upper claw body 210 cannot move relative to each other along the radial direction of the lower disk body 130 and the upper disk body 110.

[0059] Exemplarily, the lower surface of the lower claw body 240 has a planar thread groove 241 (see Figure 4 and Fig.11 ), the upper surface of the planar spiral disk 150 has a first thread 151 corresponding to the planar thread groove 241 (see Fig. 9 ), the planar thread groove 241 of the lower claw body 240 engages with the first thread 151 of the planar spiral disk 150, so that the planar spiral disk 150 can drive the lower claw body 240 to move along the claw groove 111 of the upper disk body 110 when rotating around its own axis, that is, move along the radial direction of the upper disk body 110.

[0060] For example, Figure 5 As shown, the adjusting bolt 220 includes a threaded column 224 , a limiting ring 226 and a cap 221 .

[0061] The threaded column 224 is the main body of the adjusting bolt 220 and has an external thread for threaded connection with a nut 225 to be described later.

[0062] The limiting ring 226 is located at the bottom of the threaded column 224 and extends outward from the bottom of the threaded column 224 along the radial direction of the threaded column 224 (i.e., the outer diameter of the limiting ring 226 is greater than the diameter of the threaded column 224) to limit the upper limit position of the adjusting bolt 220 together with the nut 225 introduced later.

[0063] The cap 221 is located at the top of the threaded column 224. The diameter of the cap 221 is larger than the diameter of the threaded column 224 and has a first elastic device mounting groove 227 opening downward (see Figure 6 ), a first elastic device 222 is installed in the first elastic device installation groove 227. The first elastic device 222 is in a compressed state, the top end of the first elastic device 222 abuts against the top wall of the first elastic device installation groove 227, and the bottom end of the first elastic device 222 abuts against the bottom surface of the first sliding groove 271 to be described later.

[0064] like Figure 5As shown, the lower claw body 240 has a first mounting groove 243 of the lower claw body and a first through hole 244 of the lower claw body. The first mounting groove 243 of the lower claw body is connected to the upper surface of the lower claw body 240 through the first through hole 244 of the lower claw body. A nut 225 capable of sliding up and down is installed in the first mounting groove 243 of the lower claw body. Specifically, the cross-section of the first mounting groove 243 of the lower claw body is hexagonal, and the outer edge of the nut 225 is hexagonal, so that the nut 225 can only move up and down along the first mounting groove 243 of the lower claw body, but cannot rotate relative to the first mounting groove 243 of the lower claw body around the axis of the nut 225. The nut 225 is threadedly connected to the threaded column 224 to lock the lower claw body 240 and the upper claw body 210 together. The shape of the outer edge of the nut 225 is not limited to a hexagon, and can also be other shapes.

[0065] The upper claw body 210 has an upper claw body slide groove 270, which includes a first slide groove 271 and a second slide groove 272. The first slide groove 271 is located above the second slide groove 272. The length of the first slide groove 271 is greater than the length of the second slide groove 272, the width of the first slide groove 271 is greater than the width of the second slide groove 272, the cap 221 is located in the first slide groove 271, and the outer diameter of the cap 221 is greater than the width of the second slide groove 272.

[0066] The first elastic device 222 can apply a first downward elastic force to the upper claw body 210 , and the first elastic force makes the upper claw body 210 tend to move downward.

[0067] Furthermore, a gasket 223 is provided between the bottom end of the first elastic device 222 and the bottom surface of the first slide groove 271. The gasket 223 can play a certain protective role, preventing the first elastic device 222 from directly contacting the bottom surface of the first slide groove 271, thereby avoiding wear or damage caused by friction or collision. Through this design, the service life of the equipment can be effectively extended and the overall work efficiency can be improved.

[0068] exist Figure 4 and Figure 5 In the implementation scheme, the first elastic device 222 is a coil spring. The type of the first elastic device 222 is not limited to this. It can be any form in the prior art as long as it can achieve the above-mentioned function. The coil spring is sleeved on the threaded column 224. In the present invention, another possible choice of the first elastic device 222 is a rubber spring. In practical applications, the selection of the first elastic device 222 needs to comprehensively consider factors such as the working environment of the device, load size, frequency, and expected service life. By reasonably selecting and designing the first elastic device 222, it can be ensured that the present invention can show excellent performance under various working conditions, thereby improving the reliability and work efficiency of the overall equipment.

[0069] Exemplarily, the lower claw body 240 has two lower claw body second mounting grooves 245 and two lower claw body second through holes 246 (see Figure 5 ), each lower claw body second mounting groove 245 is connected to the upper surface of the lower claw body 240 through a lower claw body second through hole 246, and the two lower claw body second mounting grooves 245 are located on both sides of the lower claw body first mounting groove 243 in the length direction of the lower claw body 240.

[0070] The second elastic device 280 and the pin 260 are installed in the second mounting groove 245 of the lower claw body. The top of the second elastic device 280 abuts against the bottom of the pin 260, and the bottom of the second elastic device 280 abuts against the bottom of the second mounting groove 245 of the lower claw body. The top of the pin 260 can pass through the second through hole 246 of the lower claw body to contact the lower surface of the upper claw body 210. The second elastic device 280 is in a compressed state. The second elastic device 280 applies an upward second elastic force to the upper claw body 210 through the pin 260, and the second elastic force makes the upper claw body 210 have a tendency to move upward. The second elastic force is greater than the sum of the first elastic force and the gravity of the upper claw body 210 itself.

[0071] The bottom of the second mounting groove 245 of the lower claw body has a detachable bottom plate 247, and the bottom of the second elastic device 280 is abutted against the bottom plate 247. Such a design brings convenience in two aspects. First, during the assembly process, the staff can more conveniently install the second elastic device 280 and the pin 260. Due to the existence of the bottom plate 247, the installation process becomes simpler and faster, reducing the assembly time and labor intensity. Secondly, when the second elastic device 280 or the pin 260 is damaged or otherwise needs to be replaced, the bottom plate 247 can be easily removed, and then the new second elastic device 280 and the pin 260 can be conveniently replaced. This design not only improves the maintenance efficiency of the equipment, but also reduces the maintenance cost, because it becomes easier and faster to replace damaged parts. In general, the design of the bottom plate 247 not only optimizes the assembly process, but also improves the maintainability of the equipment.

[0072] exist Figure 5 In the embodiment of the present invention, the second elastic device 280 is a coil spring, and the type of the second elastic device 280 is not limited thereto, and it can be any form in the prior art as long as it can achieve the above functions. For example, the second elastic device 280 can be a rubber block, an air bag, a torsion bar spring or an elastic element made of other composite materials.

[0073] exist Figure 5 In the further optimization design, in addition to considering the material selection and combination of the first elastic device 222 and the second elastic device 280, improvements can also be made from multiple dimensions such as structural layout, installation method and dynamic performance adjustment.

[0074] When the adjusting bolt 220 is screwed upward a part, since the second elastic force of the second elastic device 280 is greater than the sum of the first elastic force of the first elastic device 222 and the gravity of the upper claw body 210 itself, the second elastic force of the second elastic device 280 can push the ball 260 to move upward, and then push the upper claw body 210 to move upward, so that the tooth 250 on the lower surface of the upper claw body 210 disengages from the claw slot 111, so that the upper claw body 210 is not disturbed by the claw slot 111 during the process of rotating around the adjusting bolt 220.

[0075] Exemplarily, the cap 221 has an external thread, and an adjustment cylinder 230 is installed in the first slide groove 271. The adjustment cylinder 230 extends along the length direction of the first slide groove 271 and has a vertical through groove 231 (see Figure 4 ), at least one long side wall of the through groove 231 has a second thread 232. The threaded column 224 is screwed along the first direction, so that the threaded column 224 rotates around its own axis and moves upward. When the adjusting bolt 220 moves upward to a state where the external thread of the cap 221 is engaged with the second thread 232 of the adjusting cylinder 230, the rotation process of the cap 221 of the adjusting bolt 220 around its own axis will drive the adjusting cylinder 230 to move outward, and then drive the upper claw body 210 to move outward relative to the lower claw body 240, thereby increasing the clampable size range. When the threaded column 224 moves upward to the point where the limit ring 226 and the nut 225 are in contact, the threaded column 224 can no longer move upward, and the upper claw body 210 reaches the maximum position that can be reached outward.

[0076] Further, both sides of the end of the latching tooth 250 have inclined surfaces 251 (see Figure 7 ).

[0077] In an implementation scheme in which an adjustment cylinder 230 is added, the adjustment bolt 220 is first screwed out a portion of the way upward, and the second elastic force of the second elastic device 280 is greater than the sum of the first elastic force of the first elastic device 222 and the gravity of the upper claw body 210 itself. The second elastic force of the second elastic device 280 can push the ball 260 to move upward, and then push the upper claw body 210 to move upward, so that the tooth 250 on the lower surface of the upper claw body 210 disengages from the claw groove 111, so that the upper claw body 210 is not disturbed by the claw groove 111 during the process of rotating around the adjustment bolt 220. In addition, during the process of the upper claw body 210 moving outward, the inclined surface 251 of the latching tooth 250 of the upper claw body 210 and the inclined surface 251 of the latching tooth 250 of the lower claw body 240 will partially overlap in the vertical direction, so that the inclined surface 251 of the latching tooth 250 of the upper claw body 210 contacts the inclined surface 251 of the latching tooth 250 of the lower claw body 240 during this process, and is subjected to the force of the inclined surface 251 of the latching tooth 250 of the lower claw body 240, which has an upward component and an inward component along the radial direction, so as to push the upper claw body 210 to move upward and push the upper claw body 210 to pass over the inclined surface 251 of the latching tooth 250 of the lower claw body 240, so that the latching tooth 250 of the upper claw body 210 passes over the latching tooth 250 of the lower claw body 240. This passing process makes the adjustment feel segmented, gives the operator clear feedback, and facilitates the operator to judge the moving distance.

[0078] Exemplarily, the upper claw body 210 has resistance grooves 211 on both sides (see Fig.10 ), the staff can hold the resistance grooves 211 on both sides of the upper claw body 210 with their hands. This design facilitates the staff to rotate the upper claw body 210 during operation, making the rotation action smoother and easier to control. Through this design, the staff can operate more stably and accurately, thereby improving work efficiency.

[0079] The upper claw body 210 has three steps, specifically including a first step 212, a second step 213 and a third step 214, which are successively lower in height (see Figure 4 and Fig.10 The first step 212 has a first concave arc groove on one side close to the second step 213, a second step 213 has a third step 214 on one side close to the second step 214, and a third step 214 has a first concave arc groove on one side away from the second step 213, and has protruding arc surfaces on both sides of the first arc groove. The first step 212 has a second concave arc groove on one side away from the second step 213.

[0080] When properly installed, the first step 212 is located on the inner side of the upper disk body 110 in the radial direction, the third step 214 is located on the outer side of the upper disk body 110 in the radial direction, the first arc groove and the arc surface are located on the outer side of the radial direction of their respective steps, the second arc groove is located on the inner side of the radial direction of the upper disk body 110, the second arc grooves of the three first steps 212 can clamp the outer circumferential surface of the clamped part, the arc surfaces of the three first steps 212 can clamp the inner circumferential surface of the clamped part of smaller size, the arc surfaces of the three second steps 213 can clamp the inner circumferential surface of the clamped part of larger size, and the arc surfaces of the three third steps 214 can clamp the inner circumferential surface of the clamped part of larger size.

[0081] When reversely installed, the third step 214 is located on the inner side of the upper disk body 110 in the radial direction, the first step 212 is located on the outer side of the upper disk body 110 in the radial direction, the first arc groove and the arc surface are located on the inner side of the upper disk body 110 in the radial direction, and the second arc groove is located on the outer side of the upper disk body 110 in the radial direction. The first arc grooves of the three third steps 214 can clamp the outer peripheral surface of the clamped part with smaller size, the first arc grooves of the three second steps 213 can clamp the outer peripheral surface of the clamped part with larger size, and the first arc grooves of the three first steps 212 can clamp the outer peripheral surface of the clamped part with larger size.

[0082] In the illustrated embodiment, the number of the lower claw bodies 240 and the upper claw bodies 210 is three, but the number can be adjusted according to the situation, for example, it can be set to any number between 2 and 6.

[0083] The operation of the part clamping mechanism for a machining machine tool according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0084] Take the initial state of the part clamping mechanism for a processing machine tool according to the embodiment of the present invention as an example. Figure 4 As shown, the latch teeth 250 of the lower claw body 240 and the upper claw body 210 are meshed together so that the lower claw body 240 and the upper claw body 210 can move together along the radial direction of the lower plate body 130 and the upper plate body 110. The adjusting bolt 220 and the nut 225 lock the lower claw body 240 and the upper claw body 210 together, and the latch teeth 250 on the lower surface of the upper claw body 210 are located in the latch groove 111. The first elastic device 222 and the second elastic device 280 are both in a compressed state, and the second elastic force of the second elastic device 280 is greater than the sum of the first elastic force of the first elastic device 222 and the gravity of the upper claw body 210 itself.

[0085] When the reverse installation is required, the adjusting bolt 220 is screwed upwardly in the first direction. Since the second elastic force of the second elastic device 280 is greater than the sum of the first elastic force of the first elastic device 222 and the gravity of the upper claw body 210, the second elastic force of the second elastic device 280 can push the ball 260 to move upward, and then push the upper claw body 210 to move upward, so that the latching tooth 250 on the lower surface of the upper claw body 210 is disengaged from the latching claw slide groove 111 (see Figure 5 ), so that the upper claw body 210 is not disturbed by the claw sliding groove 111 during the process of rotating around the adjusting bolt 220. In the process of pushing the upper claw body 210 upward, the pin 260 moves upward, the length of the second elastic device 280 becomes longer but is still in a compressed state, and the length of the first elastic device 222 also becomes longer and is also in a compressed state.

[0086] Hold the resistance grooves 211 on both sides of the upper claw body 210 by hand, and rotate the upper claw body 210 180 degrees around the adjustment bolt 220 (see Figure 8 ). Then tighten the adjusting bolt 220 downward to complete the fixation. At this point, the switch from normal installation to reverse installation is completed.

[0087] The switching process from reverse installation to normal installation is opposite to the above process and will not be repeated here.

[0088] The above switching process between the normal installation and the reverse installation does not require the installation of the adjustment cylinder 230. Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 8 In the switching process, in the normal state and the reverse state, the first elastic device 222 and the second elastic device 280 are always in a compressed state.

[0089] After the clamping jaws are installed, the adjusting gear 120 can be adjusted to drive the planar spiral disk 150 to rotate around the axis of the planar spiral disk 150, thereby driving the lower claw body 240 and the upper claw body 210 to move inward and outward, thereby clamping the workpiece.

[0090] When the adjustment range of the chuck needs to be expanded, the adjustment cylinder 230 is installed in the first sliding groove 271 .

[0091] The adjusting bolt 220 is screwed upwardly in the first direction. Since the second elastic force of the second elastic device 280 is greater than the sum of the first elastic force of the first elastic device 222 and the gravity of the upper claw body 210, the second elastic force of the second elastic device 280 can push the ball 260 to move upward, thereby pushing the upper claw body 210 to move upward, so that the latching teeth 250 on the lower surface of the upper claw body 210 are disengaged from the latching claw sliding groove 111 (see FIG. 1 for details). Figure 5). In the process of pushing the upper claw body 210 to move upward, the lengths of the second elastic device 280 and the first elastic device 222 are both lengthened but are still in a compressed state.

[0092] When the adjusting bolt 220 is screwed until the outer thread of the cap 221 is engaged with the second thread 232 of the adjusting cylinder 230 (see Figure 6 ), the rotational movement of the cover cap 221 in the first direction around its own axis can drive the adjustment cylinder 230 to move outward in the radial direction, so that the upper claw body 210 moves outward in the radial direction relative to the lower claw body 240.

[0093] When the stop ring 226 and the nut 225 are in contact (see Fig.12 ), the adjusting bolt 220 can no longer move upward and can no longer rotate. At this time, the adjusting cylinder 230 and the upper claw body 210 can no longer move outward in the radial direction, and the clampable size reaches the maximum.

[0094] When the adjusting cylinder 230 and the upper claw body 210 are moved to appropriate positions, the adjusting bolt 220 is pressed down so that the outer thread of the cap 221 is no longer in contact with the second thread 232 of the adjusting cylinder 230, and the upper claw body 210 moves downward to gradually approach the lower claw body 240. During the approach process, the second elastic device 280 and the first elastic device 222 are further compressed, and the nut 225 moves downward along with the adjusting bolt 220.

[0095] The adjusting bolt 220 is screwed along a second direction (a direction opposite to the first direction) so that the nut 225 moves upward to the limit position (ie, the initial position) to complete the fixation.

[0096] When the upper claw body 210 moves outward, the latching teeth 250 of the upper claw body 210 will pass over the latching teeth 250 of the lower claw body 240. This passing process makes the adjustment feel segmented, giving the operator clear feedback and facilitating the operator to judge the moving distance.

[0097] After completing the adjustment of one upper claw body 210 , the adjustment cylinder 230 needs to be removed and installed on the next upper claw body 210 to be adjusted to ensure that the adjustment of the three claws can be carried out synchronously. That is, three (or more) upper claw bodies 210 can share one adjustment cylinder 230 .

[0098] The technical features of the above embodiments may be combined arbitrarily. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0099] The above-described embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present invention, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the present application. It should be pointed out that, for a person of ordinary skill in the art, several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. A part clamping mechanism for a machining machine tool, characterized in that: include: An upper plate body having a plurality of claw slide grooves; A lower plate body, which is installed below the upper plate body; A lower claw body, which can be slidably mounted to the claw slide groove; The upper claw body is rotatably mounted on the lower claw body through an adjusting bolt, thereby realizing the switching between normal installation and reverse installation; The adjusting bolt comprises a threaded column, a limiting ring located at the bottom of the threaded column and a cap located at the top of the threaded column, the cap having a first elastic device installation groove, and a first elastic device installed in the first elastic device installation groove; The lower claw body has a first mounting groove of the lower claw body and a first through hole of the lower claw body, the first mounting groove of the lower claw body is connected to the upper surface of the lower claw body through the first through hole of the lower claw body, and a nut that can slide up and down is installed in the first mounting groove of the lower claw body; The upper claw body has an upper claw body slide groove, and the upper claw body slide groove includes a first slide groove and a second slide groove, the first slide groove is located above the second slide groove, and the length and width of the first slide groove are respectively greater than the length and width of the second slide groove, the cap is located in the first slide groove, and the bottom of the first elastic device is stopped at the bottom surface of the first slide groove; The lower claw body has two lower claw body second mounting grooves and two lower claw body second through holes, each of the lower claw body second mounting grooves is connected to the upper surface of the lower claw body through one of the lower claw body second through holes, and the two lower claw body second mounting grooves are located on both sides of the lower claw body first mounting groove in the length direction of the lower claw body; A second elastic device and a pin are installed in the second installation groove of the lower claw body, the top of the second elastic device is stopped at the bottom of the pin, and the top of the pin can pass through the second through hole of the lower claw body.

2. The part clamping mechanism for a machining machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: It further comprises: a flat spiral disk; There is a first accommodating space between the upper disk body and the lower disk body, and the planar spiral disk is rotatably arranged in the first accommodating space.

3. The part clamping mechanism for a machining machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper surface of the lower claw body and the lower surface of the upper claw body respectively have latch teeth and can mesh with each other.

4. The part clamping mechanism for a machining machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cap has an external thread, an adjustment cylinder is installed in the first slide groove, the adjustment cylinder extends along the length direction of the first slide groove and has a vertical through groove, and at least one long side wall of the through groove has a second thread.

5. The part clamping mechanism for a machining machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower claw body has limiting grooves on both sides, and the claw sliding groove has a boss corresponding to the limiting grooves.

6. The part clamping mechanism for a machining machine tool according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lower surface of the lower claw body has a planar thread groove, and the upper surface of the planar spiral disk has a first thread corresponding to the planar thread groove.

7. The part clamping mechanism for a machining machine tool according to claim 2, characterized in that: The upper disk body has a penetrating mounting hole, an adjusting gear is installed in the mounting hole, one end of the adjusting gear extends into the first accommodating space and meshes with the lower surface of the planar spiral disk.

8. The part clamping mechanism for a machining machine tool according to claim 7, characterized in that: One end of the adjusting gear is conical, and the lower surface of the planar spiral disk is formed as an inclined surface.

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