A method for preparing bamboo fiber and its application

Abstract

The present application provides a bamboo fiber and a method for preparing the bamboo fiber, comprising preparing bamboo pieces and preparing an alkali solution; the alkali solution preparation includes preparing tree ashes and preparing a solution; soaking the prepared bamboo pieces in the prepared alkali solution, and stirring the solution during the soaking process; pressing the bamboo pieces; washing the soaked bamboo pieces until neutral and then hydraulically pressing them; splitting the bamboo pieces, soaking the bamboo pieces in an aqueous solution, and using a Newtonian force perpendicular to the fiber direction to split the bamboo pieces; washing and drying, washing the prepared bamboo fibers with clean water until the solution is neutral, draining, drying in the shade at room temperature, and then drying. The novel bamboo fiber production method proposed by the present invention combines the high efficiency of chemical methods with the protectiveness of mechanical methods, significantly reducing the use of harmful chemicals and alleviating chemical damage to the bamboo fibers, thereby producing high-strength bamboo fibers and broadening their application range.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of bamboo fibers, and in particular to a preparation method and application of bamboo fibers. Background Art

[0002] Bamboo fiber, an eco-friendly fiber derived from naturally grown bamboo, has attracted significant attention for its sustainability, biodegradability, and excellent mechanical properties. Compared to traditional fibers like cotton and polyester, bamboo fiber boasts improved moisture absorption, breathability, and antibacterial properties, offering broad application prospects in environmentally friendly composite materials, textiles, and medical supplies.

[0003] Existing bamboo fiber production technologies primarily include mechanical and chemical methods. While mechanical methods can preserve the natural structure of bamboo fiber, they are inefficient and energy-intensive. Chemical methods improve production efficiency but often use hazardous chemicals such as carbon and sulfur compounds and strong alkalis, which not only pose potential risks to the environment and human health but also lead to a loss of fiber strength and elongation, limiting their use in demanding applications.

[0004] Given these challenges, developing a new method that is both environmentally friendly and efficient while preserving the natural properties of bamboo fiber is crucial. The novel bamboo fiber production method proposed in this paper combines the efficiency of chemical methods with the protectiveness of mechanical methods, significantly reducing the use of harmful chemicals and alleviating chemical damage to bamboo fibers. This method produces finely divided, high-strength bamboo fibers, broadening their application range. The bamboo fibers produced using this method can be used in the production of mulch films. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present application provides a preparation method and application of bamboo fiber, which is used to solve the defects of bamboo fiber preparation in the prior art, such as harm to the environment and human health and loss of tensile strength and elongation of the prepared bamboo fiber.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present application provides a method for preparing bamboo fiber, comprising the following steps:

[0007] S1, preparing bamboo slices; dividing the bamboo into sections, removing bamboo knots, and air-drying; after air-drying, cutting the bamboo sections longitudinally to prepare bamboo slices;

[0008] S2, preparing alkali solution; preparing alkali solution includes S201 preparing tree ash and S202 preparing solution;

[0009] S3, soaking; soaking the prepared bamboo pieces in the configured alkali solution, and stirring the solution during the soaking process;

[0010] S4, pressing: cleaning the soaked bamboo pieces to neutrality and then hydraulically pressing;

[0011] S5, splitting, soaking the bamboo pieces in aqueous solution and applying a Newtonian force perpendicular to the fiber direction to split the bamboo pieces;

[0012] S6, cleaning and drying, use clean water to clean the prepared bamboo fiber until the solution is neutral, drain, use an electric fan to blow until the surface is dry in the shade at 25-30℃, and then put it into the oven to dry at 60-70℃.

[0013] In some embodiments, step S201, the wood ash is prepared as follows: a certain amount of wood is burned at high temperature to ensure that the sample is completely burned and converted into ash; step S202, the solution is prepared as follows: the wood ash is added to distilled water, the clear liquid is filtered, and the pH value of the solution is adjusted to 13-14 using chemically pure potassium hydroxide.

[0014] In some embodiments, the tree selected in step S201 is a poplar, an oak, or a camphor tree;

[0015] In some embodiments, ashes from wood burnt out of a biomass power plant may be used;

[0016] In some embodiments, the mass ratio of the solution to the bamboo chips in step S3 is 5:1, and the soaking time is 48-96 hours.

[0017] In some embodiments, in step S4, a pressure of 5-10 MPa is used for hydraulic pressure, and the hydraulic pressure time is 5-20 minutes.

[0018] In some embodiments, in step S5, the bamboo pieces are soaked in a 60-80° C. aqueous solution for 15-30 minutes, and a force of 10-50 Newtons perpendicular to the fiber direction is applied to separate the bamboo pieces.

[0019] In a second aspect, the present application provides a bamboo fiber, which is prepared by the following method:

[0020] S1, preparing bamboo slices; dividing the bamboo into sections, removing bamboo knots, and air-drying; after air-drying, cutting the bamboo sections longitudinally to prepare bamboo slices;

[0021] S2, preparing alkali solution; preparing alkali solution includes S201 preparing tree ash and S202 preparing solution;

[0022] S3, soaking; soaking the prepared bamboo pieces in the configured alkali solution, and stirring the solution during the soaking process;

[0023] S4, pressing: cleaning the soaked bamboo pieces to neutrality and then hydraulically pressing;

[0024] S5, splitting, soaking the bamboo pieces in aqueous solution and applying a Newtonian force perpendicular to the fiber direction to split the bamboo pieces;

[0025] S6, washing and drying, washing the prepared bamboo fiber with clean water until the solution is neutral, draining, drying in the shade, and then drying in an oven at 60-70°C.

[0026] In some embodiments, the bamboo strips have a thickness of 5 mm, a width of 1 mm, and a length of 60 mm.

[0027] In some embodiments, step S201, the wood ash is prepared as follows: a certain amount of wood is burned in a muffle furnace to ensure that the sample is completely burned and converted into ash; step S202, the solution is prepared as follows: the wood ash is added to distilled water, the clear liquid is filtered, and the pH value of the solution is adjusted to 13-14 using chemically pure potassium hydroxide.

[0028] In some embodiments, the mass ratio of the solution to the bamboo chips in step S3 is 5:1, and the soaking time is 48-96 hours.

[0029] In some embodiments, in step S4, a pressure of 5-10 MPa is used for hydraulic pressure, and the hydraulic pressure time is 5-20 minutes.

[0030] In some embodiments, in step S5, the bamboo pieces are soaked in a 60-80° C. aqueous solution for 15-30 minutes, and a force of 10-50 Newtons perpendicular to the fiber direction is applied to separate the bamboo pieces.

[0031] In some embodiments, in step S6, the prepared bamboo fiber is washed with clean water to remove excess materials until the solution is neutral, drained, blown with an electric fan at 25-30°C until the surface is shade-dried, and then put into an oven to dry at 60-70°C.

[0032] In a third aspect, the present application provides an application of bamboo fiber in the preparation of ground film, and the above-mentioned bamboo fiber is obtained by a bamboo fiber preparation method described in the first aspect of the present application.

[0033] In a fourth aspect, the present application provides a degradable mulch film comprising bamboo fiber, wherein the diameter of the bamboo fiber is less than 0.10 mm, and the bamboo fiber is obtained by a bamboo fiber preparation method described in the first aspect of the present application.

[0034] The produced mulch film can be degraded into water, carbon dioxide and bamboo fiber under natural conditions. Because wood ash contains potassium, the purpose of using potassium hydroxide is to make the bamboo fiber have a little potassium, so that the degraded film has a certain potassium fertilizer effect.

[0035] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects:

[0036] (1) Compared with the existing chemical method, the bamboo fiber production process is more environmentally friendly. The alkali solution used is mainly derived from tree ashes (the pH of the alkali solution is around 12). The wastewater in the production can be used as a fertilizer after dilution, which has less pollution to the environment.

[0037] (2) The bamboo fiber produced by this method has lower destructive strength to bamboo fiber than the bamboo fiber produced by existing strong alkalis such as sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide. High-strength alkali will destroy the bamboo fiber bundle tissue, thereby affecting the tensile strength of bamboo fiber. The strength of the bamboo fiber produced in this application is about 370MPa.

[0038] (3) This method combines ash with potassium hydroxide to produce bamboo fibers with long fiber bundles that are intact and can be easily used in subsequent industrial production after subsequent cleaning and rinsing.

[0039] (4) Alkali treatment of bamboo fiber not only increases the surface area of ​​bamboo fiber, but also improves its compatibility with other materials and expands its application scope in the field of composite materials.

[0040] (5) The prepared bamboo fiber contains potassium and can be used in degradable ground films to improve the fertility function of the ground films. Secondly, the diameter of the bamboo fiber prepared by this method is less than 0.01 mm, and the bamboo fiber prepared by this method can be used in the preparation of ground films.

[0041] (6) This method adds a mechanical separation method, which is a coupling of chemical and mechanical methods and is more efficient. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, a brief introduction will be given below to the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative work.

[0043] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the process for preparing bamboo fiber provided in the embodiment of the present application; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] To make the purpose, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of this application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0045] Figure 1 : is a schematic flow chart of the bamboo fiber preparation method provided in Example 1 of the present application. The method comprises:

[0046] S1, preparing bamboo slices; dividing bamboo into sections and air-drying; after air-drying, cutting the bamboo sections longitudinally to prepare bamboo slices;

[0047] S2, preparing alkali solution; preparing alkali solution includes S201 preparing tree ash and S202 preparing solution;

[0048] S3, soaking; soaking the prepared bamboo pieces in the configured alkali solution, and stirring the solution during the soaking process;

[0049] S4, pressing: cleaning the soaked bamboo pieces to neutrality and then hydraulically pressing;

[0050] S5, splitting, soaking the bamboo pieces in aqueous solution and applying a Newtonian force perpendicular to the fiber direction to split the bamboo pieces;

[0051] S6, washing and drying, using clean water to wash the prepared bamboo fiber until the solution is no longer yellow, draining, then drying in the shade, and then drying in the oven.

[0052] In step S1 , the bamboo strips preferably have a thickness of 1 mm, a width of 5 mm, and a length of 60 mm.

[0053] Preferably, in step S201, the wood ash is prepared as follows: a certain amount of wood is burned at high temperature to ensure that the sample is completely burned and converted into ash; and in step S202, the solution is prepared as follows: the wood ash is added to distilled water, the clear liquid is filtered, and the pH value of the solution is adjusted to 13-14 using chemically pure potassium hydroxide.

[0054] Preferably, in step S3, the mass ratio of the solution to the bamboo chips is 5:1, and the soaking time is 48-96 hours.

[0055] Preferably, in step S4, a pressure of 5-10 MPa is used for hydraulic pressure, and the hydraulic pressure time is 5-20 minutes.

[0056] Preferably, in step S5, the bamboo pieces are immersed in a 60-80° C. aqueous solution for 15-30 minutes, and a force of 10-50 Newtons perpendicular to the fiber direction is applied to separate the bamboo pieces into fibers.

[0057] Preferably, in step S6, the prepared bamboo fiber is washed with clean water to remove excess materials until the solution becomes neutral, drained, blown with an electric fan at 25-30°C until the surface is shade-dried, and then dried in an oven at 60-70°C.

[0058] The bamboo fiber prepared by the above method has a diameter of less than 0.10 mm, preferably 0.08 mm or 0.09 mm.

[0059] The second embodiment of the present application relates to a bamboo fiber, which is obtained by the following method: S1, preparing bamboo slices; dividing bamboo into sections and air-drying; after air-drying, cutting the bamboo sections longitudinally to prepare bamboo slices;

[0060] S2, preparing alkali solution; preparing alkali solution includes S201 preparing tree ash and S202 preparing solution;

[0061] S3, soaking; soaking the prepared bamboo pieces in the configured alkali solution, and stirring the solution during the soaking process;

[0062] S4, pressing: cleaning the soaked bamboo pieces to neutrality and then hydraulically pressing;

[0063] S5, splitting, soaking the bamboo pieces in aqueous solution and applying a Newtonian force perpendicular to the fiber direction to split the bamboo pieces;

[0064] S6, washing and drying, washing the prepared bamboo fiber with clean water until the solution is neutral, draining, and drying in an oven.

[0065] In step S1 , the bamboo strips preferably have a thickness of 1 mm, a width of 5 mm, and a length of 60 mm.

[0066] Preferably, in step S201, the wood ash is prepared as follows: a certain amount of wood is burned at high temperature to ensure that the sample is completely burned and converted into ash; and in step S202, the solution is prepared as follows: the wood ash is added to distilled water, the clear liquid is filtered, and the pH value of the solution is adjusted to 13-14 using chemically pure potassium hydroxide.

[0067] Preferably, in step S3, the mass ratio of the solution to the bamboo chips is 5:1, and the soaking time is 48-72 hours.

[0068] Preferably, in step S4, a pressure of 5-10 MPa is used for hydraulic pressure, and the hydraulic pressure time is 5-20 minutes.

[0069] Preferably, in step S5, the bamboo pieces are immersed in a 60-80° C. aqueous solution for 15-30 minutes, and a force of 10-50 Newtons perpendicular to the fiber direction is applied to separate the bamboo pieces into fibers.

[0070] Preferably, in step S6, the prepared bamboo fiber is washed with clean water to remove excess materials until the solution becomes neutral, drained, blown with an electric fan at 25-30°C until the surface is shade-dried, and then dried in an oven at 60-70°C.

[0071] Example 3 of the present application relates to the use of bamboo fiber in the preparation of ground film. The above-mentioned bamboo fiber is obtained by the bamboo fiber preparation method in Example 1, and the diameter of the bamboo fiber is less than 0.10 mm.

[0072] Example 4 of the present application relates to a degradable mulch film comprising bamboo fibers, which are obtained by the bamboo fiber preparation method of Example 1. The produced mulch film can be degraded into water, carbon dioxide, and bamboo fibers under natural conditions. Because wood ash contains potassium and potassium hydroxide is used to enrich the bamboo fibers with potassium, the degradable film has a certain potash fertilizer effect.

[0073] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present application, but the scope of protection of the present application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included in the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present application should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for preparing bamboo fiber, comprising the following steps: S1, prepare bamboo slices; divide the bamboo into sections, remove bamboo knots, and air-dry; after air-drying, cut the bamboo sections longitudinally to prepare bamboo slices; S2, prepare alkali solution; preparing alkali solution includes preparing tree ash in S201 and preparing solution in S202; preparing tree ash in S201 is as follows: burn a certain amount of wood in a maffei furnace to ensure that the sample is completely burned and converted into ash or use ash from burnt wood in a biomass power plant; S3, soak; soak the prepared bamboo slices in the prepared alkali solution, and the soaking process In the process, the solution needs to be stirred; S4, pressing; after washing the soaked bamboo pieces until they are neutral, hydraulic pressure is performed; hydraulic pressure is applied at 5-10 MPa for 5-20 minutes; S5, the bamboo pieces are soaked in a 60-80°C aqueous solution for 15-30 minutes, then drained, and a force of 10-50 Newtons perpendicular to the fiber direction is applied to separate the bamboo pieces into fibers; S6, washing and drying, washing the prepared bamboo fibers with clean water until the solution is no longer neutral, draining, and drying in an oven.

2. The method for preparing bamboo fiber according to claim 1, wherein the bamboo pieces in S1 have a thickness of 1-2 mm and a width of 5-10 mm.

3. The method for preparing bamboo fiber according to claim 1, wherein the S202 solution is prepared as follows: adding tree ash to distilled water, filtering the clear liquid, and adjusting the pH value of the solution to 13-14 using chemically pure potassium hydroxide.

4. The method for preparing bamboo fiber according to claim 1, wherein in step S3, the mass ratio of the solution to the bamboo chips is 5:1, and the soaking time is 48-96 hours.

5. The method for preparing bamboo fiber according to claim 1, wherein in step S6, the prepared bamboo fiber is washed with clean water to remove excess materials until the solution becomes neutral, drained, blown with an electric fan at 25-30°C until the surface is shade-dried, and then placed in an oven to dry at 60-70°C.

6. A bamboo fiber, prepared by the method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the diameter of the bamboo fiber is less than 0.10 mm.

7. Use of the bamboo fiber according to claim 6 in preparing a degradable mulch film. A degradable mulch film comprising the bamboo fiber according to claim 6.

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