An apparatus and process for preparing a carbon material for adsorbing carbon dioxide

Abstract

The application discloses a device for preparing carbon material for adsorbing carbon dioxide, which comprises a tubular furnace body, heating boxes, a driving shaft, a driving motor and a stirring assembly. The front end of the tubular furnace body is provided with a feeding port, and the rear end is provided with a discharging port. A plurality of heating boxes are arranged along the axial direction of the tubular furnace body. The driving shaft is arranged to rotate in the tubular furnace body. The stirring assembly is arranged on the driving shaft. The stirring assembly comprises a stirring shaft and blades. The blades are symmetrically arranged on the outer end of the stirring shaft. The inner end of the stirring shaft is rotationally connected with the driving shaft. The driving motor is arranged on the side of the tubular furnace body. The driving motor drives the driving shaft to rotate. The driving shaft drives the stirring shaft to rotate around the central axis of the driving shaft. Compared with the prior art, the device can obtain a carbon material with a large number of microporous or ultramicroporous pore structures, realizes uninterrupted production of the carbon material, and improves the production efficiency of the carbon material.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of carbon material preparation, in particular to a device and process for preparing carbon material for adsorbing carbon dioxide. BACKGROUND

[0002] Carbon dioxide is considered to be the main room temperature gas and causes nearly 60% of global warming effect. Carbon capture and storage technology is considered to be the most advantageous method for reducing carbon dioxide emissions. In order to cope with these challenges, the adsorbent using porous solid adsorption is considered to be a promising carbon capture and storage technology. So far, many studies have been devoted to the preparation of high-efficiency porous solids, including porous carbon materials, molecular sieves, organic frameworks, covalent organic frameworks and nitrogen-rich porous polymers. Among the above adsorbents, porous carbon materials are widely concerned due to their low price, easy preparation, high thermal stability and chemical stability, controllable morphology and renewable advantages.

[0003] At present, most of the carbon materials on the market are prepared by conventional phosphoric acid activation process. The carbon material prepared by this method has the characteristics of rich pore structure, but the average pore size of the carbon material is relatively large, and the pore structure with a pore size greater than 2 nm accounts for more than 80%. As a carbon dioxide adsorbent, the proportion of micropores and ultramicropores with an average pore size of 1.5 nm or less in the carbon material is required to account for a certain proportion, so there is an urgent need to produce a carbon material with a large number of micropore or ultramicropore pore structure. In addition, carbon materials need to use a tubular furnace to produce high temperature for carbonization and activation during preparation. The traditional tubular furnace needs to first heat and carbonize the carbon material in the furnace, and then continue to heat and activate to produce the next batch of carbon material. When producing the next batch of carbon material, the carbon material in the furnace needs to be cleaned, and then the tubular furnace needs to be cooled before the preparation of the carbon material can continue. This step-by-step operation is tedious and also affects the preparation efficiency of the carbon material.

[0004] In view of the above problems, the present applicant has conducted in-depth research, and thus the present application is produced. SUMMARY

[0005] One purpose of the present application is to provide a device for preparing carbon material for adsorbing carbon dioxide, which can realize uninterrupted production of carbon material and improve the production efficiency of carbon material.

[0006] A second purpose of the present application is to provide a preparation process, which can obtain a carbon material with a large number of micropore or ultramicropore pore structure.

[0007] In order to achieve the above purpose, the solution of the present application is:

[0008] The utility model provides a kind of equipment for preparing carbon dioxide adsorbing carbon material, including tubular furnace body, heating box, driving shaft, driving motor and stirring assembly, the front end of tubular furnace body is equipped with feed inlet and rear end is equipped with discharge port, several heating boxes are arranged along the axial direction of tubular furnace body, the driving shaft is rotated in tubular furnace body, stirring assembly is arranged on driving shaft, the stirring assembly includes stirring shaft and blade, blade is symmetrically arranged at the outer end of stirring shaft, the inner end of stirring shaft is rotatably connected with driving shaft, driving motor is located in the side of tubular furnace body, driving motor drives driving shaft to rotate, and driving shaft rotation drives stirring shaft to rotate around the central axis of driving shaft.

[0009] Further, it further includes adjusting mechanism, the adjusting mechanism includes adjusting shaft, adjusting motor, adjusting sleeve, adjusting gear, adjusting rack and expansion shaft sleeve, driving shaft is equipped with containing cavity, adjusting shaft is rotatably connected in containing cavity, adjusting motor is installed on the side wall of tubular furnace body, the power output end of adjusting motor is connected with adjusting shaft by clutch, adjusting sleeve is slidably connected in containing cavity, adjusting gear is connected on the inner end of stirring shaft, adjusting rack is equipped on the outside wall of adjusting sleeve, adjusting gear and adjusting rack are meshed with each other, expansion shaft sleeve is fixedly installed on adjusting shaft, and expansion shaft sleeve is drivingly connected with adjusting sleeve.

[0010] Further, the side wall of the expansion shaft sleeve is provided with a slidingly connected threaded expansion block and a stopper expansion block, the inside of the expansion shaft sleeve is provided with a first gas chamber for driving the threaded expansion block to slide and a second gas chamber for driving the stopper expansion block to slide, the first gas chamber forms a first air inlet hole on the end face of the expansion shaft sleeve, the second gas chamber forms a second air inlet hole on the end face of the expansion shaft sleeve, the inside of the adjusting sleeve is provided with an adapter sleeve, the inside wall of the adapter sleeve is provided with a transmission thread, and the transmission thread is threadedly connected with the threaded expansion block.

[0011] Further, a strip-shaped sliding groove is formed in the side wall of the adjusting sleeve, and the inner end of the stirring shaft extends into the strip-shaped sliding groove and is slidably fitted.

[0012] Further, the inside wall of the containing cavity is provided with a plurality of positioning assemblies, and the two ends of the adjusting sleeve are slidably connected to the positioning assemblies.

[0013] Further, the positioning assembly includes a plurality of positioning units, the positioning units are arranged at intervals, the positioning units are provided with positioning protrusions extending along the axial direction of the driving shaft, and the two ends of the adjusting sleeve are slidably connected to the positioning protrusions.

[0014] Further, the outer side wall of the driving shaft is provided with a material guiding spiral blade on the side close to the feed inlet.

[0015] Further, a preheating furnace is arranged at the feed inlet of the tubular furnace body, and a cooling furnace is arranged at the discharge port of the tubular furnace body.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, in the device, the tubular furnace forms multiple heating cavities with different temperatures in the tubular furnace body by the heating box with different heating temperatures, so that the requirement for different reaction temperatures when different batches of carbon materials are activated or carbonized can be met, thereby realizing continuous preparation of the carbon material, simplifying the process operation, and effectively improving the preparation efficiency of the carbon material. In addition, the rotation angle of the stirring shaft can be adjusted through the adjusting mechanism, so that the inclination angle of the blade can be adjusted, and thus the stirring intensity of the blade and the feeding speed can be adjusted, and the stirring assembly is more flexible and has higher applicability.

[0017] A process based on the above-mentioned device for preparing carbon dioxide adsorbing carbon material, comprising the following steps:

[0018] S1, uniformly mix the biomass extract and the liquid template agent at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:1-1:2;

[0019] S2, add an activating agent phosphoric acid solution with a concentration of 50-70%, add 1-2 times the weight of the biomass extract, and mature at 200-220 DEG C for 30-60 min;

[0020] S3, granulate by extrusion, and the granulation diameter is 2-4 mm;

[0021] S4, add the granules to a preheating furnace for preheating, then add them to a tubular furnace, heat the tubular furnace according to a program, heat at a rate of 1-3 DEG C per minute to 250-350 DEG C for carbonization, and heat at the same rate to 550-650 DEG C for activation for 1-2 h;

[0022] S5, guide the granules into a cooling furnace for cooling, and after cooling, wash the carbon granules to remove phosphoric acid;

[0023] S6, dry the granules until the moisture content of the granules is less than 3%;

[0024] S7, perform high-temperature graphitization treatment on the granules at a graphitization temperature of 1900-2500 DEG C;

[0025] S8, react the graphitized granules with an acidic solution in a reaction kettle under a pressure of 0.1-0.5 MPa for 1-3 h;

[0026] S9, perform high-pressure acid washing on the granules, then neutralize them with flaked alkali, and then rinse them with clean water until they are neutral;

[0027] S10, dry, and a carbon material with rich microporous or ultramicroporous pore structure is obtained.

[0028] Further, the biomass extract in step S1 can be selected from one or more of starch, cellulose or lignin, and the liquid template agent can be selected from one or more of soluble iron salt, copper salt or aluminum salt.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the method of the present application uses metal atoms as templates, and the pores shrink and the mesopores and macropores disappear under the action of super-high temperature. Under super-high temperature, the metal elements with high boiling points will not volatilize due to high temperature, and therefore, when the metal elements are dissolved out by an acid solution, an ultramicropore structure is generated, so that the carbon material prepared can have a larger amount of micropore or ultramicropore structure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 It is an external structure perspective view of the device of the present application.

[0031] Figure 2 It is a sectional structure schematic view of the device of the present application.

[0032] Figure 3 It is a sectional structure schematic view of the device of the present application. Figure 2 It is a local enlarged view of the A area.

[0033] Figure 4 It is a structure schematic view of the connection between the stirring assembly and the driving shaft.

[0034] Figure 5 It is a structure schematic view of the connection between the stirring assembly and the adjusting sleeve.

[0035] Figure 6 It is an external structure perspective view of the expansion shaft sleeve.

[0036] Figure 7 It is a process flow chart of the method of the present application.

[0037] Figure 8 It is an external structure perspective view of the preheating furnace.

[0038] Figure 9 It is a structure sectional schematic view of the preheating furnace.

[0039] Figure 10 It is an external structure perspective view of the cooling furnace.

[0040] Figure 11 It is a structure sectional schematic view of the cooling furnace.

[0041] Figure 12 It is another structure sectional schematic view of the cooling furnace.

[0042] In the figure: tubular furnace body 11, heating box 12, driving shaft 13, accommodating cavity 131, positioning unit 132, positioning protrusion 133, driving motor 14, stirring assembly 2, stirring shaft 21, blade 22, adjusting mechanism 3, adjusting shaft 31, adjusting motor 32, adjusting sleeve 33, strip-shaped sliding groove 331, adapter sleeve 332, adjusting gear 34, adjusting rack 35, expanding shaft sleeve 36, threaded expanding block 361, abutting expanding block 362, first air chamber 363, second air chamber 364, preheating furnace 4, first furnace body 41, first guide slide 411, first preheating conveying blade 412, material guiding cylinder 413, second preheating conveying blade 414, rack 42, first feeding pipe 43, first discharging pipe 44, preheating device 45, cooling furnace 5, second furnace body 51, second guide slide 511, second spiral blade 512, second feeding pipe 52, second discharging pipe 53, material guiding rack 54, material guiding plate 541, material guiding groove 542, material shoveling rack 55, material shoveling plate 551, cooling device 56, first driving mechanism 6, first motor 61, first transmission shaft 62, first transmission wheel 63, second motor 71, first feeding hopper 72, material conveying shaft 73, first spiral blade 74, second driving mechanism 8, third motor 81, second transmission shaft 82, second transmission wheel 83. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] In order to further explain the technical scheme of the present application, the present application will be described in detail below through specific embodiments.

[0044] As Figures 1-12As shown, an apparatus for preparing carbon dioxide adsorbing carbon material includes a tubular furnace body 11, a heating box 12, a drive shaft 13, a drive motor 14 and a stirring assembly 2. The tubular furnace body 11 is fixedly installed on the rack, the front end of the tubular furnace body 11 is provided with a feeding port and the rear end is provided with a discharging port, a plurality of heating boxes 12 are arranged along the axial direction of the tubular furnace body 11, the heating box 12 can adopt the commonly used electric heating box 12 on the market, the structure of the electric heating box 12 is the conventional prior art, therefore, it will not be described in more detail. Different heating boxes 12 can produce different heating temperatures, specifically, the heating temperature of the heating box 12 from the feeding port side to the discharging port side is continuously improved, so that a plurality of heating cavities with different temperatures are formed inside the tubular furnace body 11, and the temperature at the rear end of the tubular furnace body 11 can be higher than the temperature at the front end of the tubular furnace body 11. It can meet the requirement of different reaction temperatures when different batches of carbon materials are activated or carbonized. In order to avoid the rapid diffusion of the temperature inside the tubular furnace body 11, a partition plate can be arranged in the tubular furnace body 11, the partition plate is spaced apart, and the gap between the partition plates can be used for conveying the granules at the rear end, and the air inside the tubular furnace body 11 can also be blocked to prevent the rapid diffusion of hot gas, so that the temperature difference inside the tubular furnace body 11 can be more obvious. The drive shaft 13 is rotatably connected in the tubular furnace body 11 through a bearing, the stirring assembly 2 is arranged along the axial direction of the drive shaft 13, the stirring assembly 2 includes a stirring shaft 21 and a blade 22, the blade 22 is symmetrically arranged at the outer end of the stirring shaft 21 in a "one" shape structure, by adjusting the rotation of the stirring shaft 21, the direction of the blade 22 can be adjusted, when the left and right directions of the blade 22 are parallel to the axial direction of the drive shaft 13, the blade 22 can stir the granules in the tubular furnace body 11, when the left and right directions of the blade 22 form an angle with the axial direction of the drive shaft 13, the blade 22 can stir the granules to forward conveying, and the smaller the angle, the faster the feeding speed. The inner end of the stirring shaft 21 is rotatably connected with the drive shaft 13 through a bearing, the drive motor 14 is arranged on the side of the tubular furnace body 11, the drive motor 14 drives the drive shaft 13 to rotate, and the drive shaft 13 drives the stirring shaft 21 to rotate around the central axis of the drive shaft 13. After adopting the above structure, the preheated granules are added into the tubular furnace body 11 from the feeding port, different heating temperatures generated by the heating box 12 form a plurality of heating cavities with different temperatures inside the tubular furnace body 11, the temperature at the front end of the tubular furnace body 11 is lower, which can be used for carbonizing the granules, and the temperature at the rear end of the tubular furnace body 11 is higher, which can be used for activating the granules. The drive motor 14 drives the drive shaft 13 and the stirring shaft 21 to rotate, the granules in the tubular furnace body 11 are stirred or conveyed, when the granules meet the carbonization time, the stirring shaft 21 drives the blade 22 to convey the granules to the rear end of the tubular furnace body 11 for further activation, at this time, new granules can be added into the tubular furnace body 11 for carbonization at the same time, so as to realize the continuous preparation of carbon material, simplify the process operation, and effectively improve the preparation efficiency of carbon material.

[0045] In the embodiment, in order to independently control the rotation angle of the stirring shaft 21 in different intervals, the device further comprises an adjusting mechanism 3. The adjusting mechanism 3 comprises an adjusting shaft 31, an adjusting motor 32, an adjusting sleeve 33, an adjusting gear 34, an adjusting rack 35, and an expansion sleeve 36. The driving shaft 13 is internally provided with a containing cavity 131. The adjusting shaft 31 is rotationally connected in the containing cavity 131. The adjusting shaft 31 and the driving shaft 13 can be made of high-heat-resistant and heat-insulating materials. The adjusting motor 32 is installed on the side wall of the tubular furnace body 11. The power output end of the adjusting motor 32 is connected with the adjusting shaft 31 through a clutch. The clutch can realize the connection or disconnection between the output shaft of the adjusting motor 32 and the adjusting shaft 31. The adjusting sleeve 33 is slidingly connected in the containing cavity 131. The adjusting gear 34 is connected with the inner end of the stirring shaft 21. The adjusting rack 35 is arranged on the outer side wall of the adjusting sleeve 33. The adjusting gear 34 and the adjusting rack 35 are in mesh with each other. The expansion sleeve 36 is fixedly installed on the adjusting shaft 31 and is in sleeve transmission connection with the adjusting shaft 31. Specifically, the side wall of the expansion sleeve 36 is provided with a threaded expansion block 361 and a stop expansion block 362 in sealing sliding connection. The inside of the expansion sleeve 36 is provided with a first gas chamber 363 for driving the threaded expansion block 361 to slide and a second gas chamber 364 for driving the stop expansion block 362 to slide. The first gas chamber 363 forms a first air inlet hole on the end face of the expansion sleeve 36. The second gas chamber 364 forms a second air inlet hole on the end face of the expansion sleeve 36. The inside of the adjusting sleeve 33 is provided with an adapter sleeve 332. The inner side wall of the adapter sleeve 332 is provided with a transmission thread. The transmission thread is in threaded connection with the threaded expansion block 361. The first air inlet hole and the second air inlet hole are connected with a gas supply pipeline. The gas supply pipeline can extend out of the device along the containing cavity 131 and be connected with an external gas supply device. The gas supply device supplies gas to drive the threaded expansion block 361 or the stop expansion block 362 to be lifted outward and cooperate with the adapter sleeve 332. The side wall of the adjusting sleeve 33 is provided with a strip-shaped sliding groove 331. The inner end of the stirring shaft 21 extends into the strip-shaped sliding groove 331 and is in sliding cooperation. The sliding cooperation between the adjusting sleeve 33 and the stirring shaft 21 is more stable. The stirring shaft can limit the adjusting sleeve 33 and prevent the adjusting sleeve 33 from rotating. After the above structure is adopted, when the rotation angle of the stirring shaft 21 needs to be adjusted, the driving motor 14 is stopped. The gas supply device supplies gas to the expansion sleeve 36 that needs to be adjusted. The threaded expansion block 361 is lifted outward and is in threaded cooperation with the adapter sleeve 332. Then, the clutch is opened to connect the adjusting motor 32 with the adjusting shaft 31. The adjusting shaft 31 drives the expansion sleeve 36 to rotate. Since the expansion sleeve is in threaded cooperation with the adapter sleeve 332, the adjusting sleeve 33 is driven to move forward or backward. At this time, the adjusting rack 35 drives the adjusting gear 34 to rotate, thereby driving the stirring shaft 21 to select, so as to change the orientation angle of the blade 22.After the fixed angle, the gas supply device supplies gas to the expansion sleeve 36, the threaded expansion block 361 retracts, the top block 362 moves outward and abuts against the inner side wall of the adapter sleeve 332, so that the expansion sleeve 36 and the adapter sleeve 332 are fixedly connected together, then the clutch disconnects the connection between the adjusting shaft 31 and the adjusting motor 32, so that the adjusting shaft 31 can be idling, then the driving motor 14 drives the driving shaft 13 to rotate, thereby driving the adjusting shaft 31 and the stirring shaft 21 to rotate, so that the blade 22 can stir the particles in the tubular furnace body 11. In this process, because the expansion sleeve 36 and the adapter sleeve 332 are fixedly connected, the adjusting sleeve 33 will not slide, the adjusting rack 35 can be fixedly engaged with the adjusting gear 34 to limit the rotation angle of the stirring shaft 21, and the self-rotation of the stirring shaft 21 is avoided.

[0046] In the embodiment, in order to make the adjusting sleeve 33 slide more smoothly, the inner side wall of the accommodating cavity 131 is provided with a plurality of positioning assemblies, and the two ends of the adjusting sleeve 33 are sleeved on the positioning assemblies for sliding connection. Specifically, the positioning assembly comprises a plurality of positioning units 132, the positioning units 132 are arranged at intervals, which facilitates the arrangement of the gas supply pipeline, and the positioning unit 132 is provided with a positioning protrusion 133 extending along the axis direction of the driving shaft 13, and the two ends of the adjusting sleeve 33 are sleeved on the positioning protrusion 133 for sliding and can repeatedly slide on the two positioning assemblies.

[0047] Preferably, the outer side wall of the driving shaft 13 is provided with a material guiding spiral blade on the side close to the feeding port, which can rotate with the driving shaft 13 to quickly feed the particles into the tubular furnace body 11. And the feeding port of the tubular furnace body 11 is provided with a preheating furnace 4, and the discharge port of the tubular furnace body 11 is provided with a cooling furnace 5.

[0048] Compared with the prior art, in the device, the tubular furnace forms a plurality of heating cavities with different temperatures in the tubular furnace body 11 by the different heating temperatures generated by the heating box 12, which can meet the requirements of different reaction temperatures when different batches of carbon materials are activated or carbonized. Thus, the continuous preparation of carbon materials is realized, the process operation is simplified, and the preparation efficiency of carbon materials is effectively improved. In addition, the rotation angle of the stirring shaft 21 can be adjusted by the adjusting mechanism 3, so as to adjust the inclination angle of the blade 22, so as to adjust the stirring intensity and the feeding speed of the blade 22, and the stirring assembly 2 is more flexible and has stronger applicability.

[0049] More preferably, the preheating furnace 4 comprises a first furnace body 41, a frame 42, a first feeding pipe 43, a first discharging pipe 44, a preheating device 45 and a first driving mechanism 6, the first feeding pipe 43 and the first discharging pipe 44 are fixedly connected to the frame 42, and an electromagnetic valve or a butterfly valve can be arranged inside the first discharging pipe 44 to control the opening and closing of the first discharging pipe 44, thereby controlling the discharging of the preheating furnace 4. The first furnace body 41 is rotatably connected to the frame 42 by the first driving mechanism 6, and the two ends of the first furnace body 41 are rotatably connected to the first feeding pipe 43 and the first discharging pipe 44, respectively. Specifically, the first driving mechanism 6 comprises a first motor 61, a first transmission shaft 62 and a first transmission wheel 63, the first transmission wheel 63 is fixedly sleeved on both ends of the first transmission shaft 62, the first transmission shaft 62 is rotatably connected to the frame 42, the power output end of the first motor 61 is connected to the first transmission shaft 62 and drives the first transmission shaft 62 to rotate, a first guide slide 411 is arranged on the outer side wall of the first furnace body 41, the first transmission wheel 63 extends into the first guide slide 411, the side wall of the first transmission wheel 63 is in transmission with the side wall of the first furnace body 41, the front side wall and the rear side wall of the first guide slide 411 can further limit the movement of the first transmission wheel 63 in the axial direction, the outer circumferential side wall of the first transmission wheel 63 can be sleeved with an anti-skid rubber ring with a large friction coefficient, and the first furnace body 41 is driven to rotate forward or reversely by driving the first transmission shaft 62 to rotate by the first motor 61, thereby driving the first furnace body 41 to rotate forward or reversely. In addition, the first transmission wheel 63 can also be a gear, and a fixedly connected gear ring is arranged in the first guide slide 411, so that the first transmission wheel 63 meshes with the gear ring, thereby driving the first furnace body 41 to rotate.

[0050] The inner side wall of the first furnace body 41 is provided with a first preheating conveying vane 412, the inner side of the first preheating conveying vane 412 is provided with a fixedly connected material guiding cylinder 413, the side wall of the material guiding cylinder 413 is gradually inclined upward from the first feeding pipe 43 to the direction of the first feeding pipe 14, the inner side wall of the material guiding cylinder 413 is provided with a second preheating conveying vane 414, the first preheating conveying vane 412 and the second preheating conveying vane 414 are spirally arranged around the central axis of the first furnace body 41, the first preheating conveying vane 412 and the second preheating conveying vane 414 are in opposite spiral directions, so that when the first furnace body 41 rotates, the first preheating conveying vane 412 and the second preheating conveying vane 414 can convey the particles in opposite directions. The preheating device 45 and the first driving mechanism 6 are installed on the rack 42, the preheating device 45 preheats the first furnace body 41, the preheating device 45 can adopt a common heating device on the market, specifically an electric heating, and an electric heating wire is additionally arranged in the preheating box to heat the inside of the preheating box. The above-mentioned preheating device 45 is a conventional prior art, and therefore will not be described in more detail. After the particles enter the first furnace body 41 from the first feeding pipe 43, they first fall to the bottom of the first furnace body 41, the first driving mechanism 6 drives the first furnace body 41 to rotate forward, the first preheating conveying vane 412 conveys the particles to the direction of the first discharging pipe 44, since the electromagnetic valve or butterfly valve in the first discharging pipe 44 is in a closed state, the particles cannot be discharged from the first discharging pipe 44 into the tubular furnace 2, and therefore the particles will continuously accumulate at the rear end of the first furnace body 41, when the particles accumulate to a certain height, the accumulated particles will enter the material guiding cylinder 413 through the rear end port of the material guiding cylinder 413, since the side wall of the material guiding cylinder 413 is inclined and the material guiding cylinder 413 rotates with the first furnace body 41, the particles in the material guiding cylinder 413 are continuously conveyed to the direction of the first feeding pipe 43 by the second preheating conveying vane 414, and then fall into the bottom of the front end of the first furnace body 41 through the front end port of the material guiding cylinder 413. In this way, during the preheating process, the particles can be continuously stirred by the first preheating conveying vane 412 and the second preheating conveying vane 414, so that the particles can be fully stirred and heated, and the preheating effect of the particles is improved. The preheated particles are continuously and repeatedly conveyed in the first furnace body 41, so that the preheated particles can be mixed and heated with the particles just added into the first furnace body 41, further improving the preheating efficiency of the particles and accelerating the drying rate of the water in the particles.

[0051] In the embodiment, in order to facilitate feeding of the first feeding pipe 43, a second motor 71 is mounted on the side wall of the first feeding pipe 43, and a first feeding hopper 72 is arranged at the upper end of the first feeding pipe 43 in communication, and a feeding shaft 73 is rotatably arranged in the first feeding hopper 72, a first spiral blade 74 is arranged on the outer side wall of the feeding shaft 73, and the power output end of the second motor 71 is connected with the feeding shaft 73. After the above structure is adopted, the granules are added into the first feeding pipe 43 from the first feeding hopper 72, and the feeding shaft 73 and the first spiral blade 74 are driven to rotate by the second motor 71, so that the granules are added into the first furnace body 41 along the first feeding pipe 43.

[0052] In the embodiment, in order to improve the cooling efficiency of the granules, the cooling furnace 5 comprises a second furnace body 51, a second feeding pipe 52, a second discharging pipe 53, a guide frame 54, a shoveling frame 55, a cooling device 56 and a second driving mechanism 8, the second feeding pipe 52 and the second discharging pipe 53 are fixedly connected on the rack 42, the second feeding pipe 52 is in communication with the discharging end of the tubular furnace 2, and a feeding mechanism similar to the structure of the first feeding pipe 43 can be arranged in the second feeding pipe 52, so that the granules in the second feeding pipe 52 can be transported into the second furnace body 51, and an electromagnetic valve or a butterfly valve can be arranged in the second discharging pipe 53 to control the opening and closing of the first discharging pipe 44, thereby controlling the discharging of the preheating furnace 4. The second furnace body 51 is rotatably connected on the rack 42 by the second driving mechanism 8, and the two ends of the second furnace body 51 are rotatably connected with the second feeding pipe 52 and the second discharging pipe 53 respectively. The cooling device 56 can adopt a conventional cooling device 56 on the market, and in the embodiment, the cooling device 56 adopts liquid cooling, the cooling shell cover is arranged on the outer side of the second furnace body 51, the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe are arranged on the cooling shell cover, and the cooling flow channel in communication with the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe is further arranged in the cooling shell cover, so that the second furnace body 51 is cooled by liquid cooling heat conduction. The above cooling device 56 is a conventional prior art, and therefore will not be described in more details. The second driving mechanism 8 comprises a third motor 81, a second transmission shaft 82 and a second transmission wheel 83, the second transmission wheel 83 is sleeved on the two ends of the second transmission shaft 82, the first transmission shaft 62 is rotatably connected on the rack 42, the power output end of the third motor 81 is connected with the second transmission shaft 82, and the second guide slide 511 is arranged on the outer side wall of the second furnace body 51, the second transmission wheel 83 extends into the second guide slide 511, and the side wall of the second transmission wheel 83 is in transmission with the side wall of the second furnace body 51. The specific arrangement structure of the second driving mechanism 8 can be the same as that of the first driving mechanism 6, the second transmission shaft 82 is driven to rotate by the third motor 81 to drive the second transmission wheel 83 to rotate, thereby driving the second furnace body 51 to rotate.

[0053] In the embodiment, the inner side wall of the second furnace body 51 is provided with a second spiral vane 512, the outer side of the material guide frame 54 is welded and fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the second spiral vane 512, and the material guide frame 54 is arranged to extend along the second feeding pipe 52 towards the direction of the second discharging pipe 53. Specifically, the material guide frame 54 includes a plurality of material guide plates 541 which are uniformly arranged around the central axis of the second furnace body 51, the middle part of each material guide plate 541 is provided with a material guide groove 542, the material guide plates 541 are arranged to gradually incline downwards along the second feeding pipe 52 towards the direction of the second discharging pipe 53, the front end of each material guide plate 541 is lower than the feeding height of the second feeding pipe 52, and the rear end of adjacent material guide plates 541 forms a gap. The material shoveling frame 55 is installed on the feeding port side of the second furnace body 51, the material shoveling frame 55 includes a plurality of material shoveling plates 551 which are arranged around the feeding port of the second furnace body 51, the end of each material shoveling plate 551 is arranged to incline towards the inner side wall of the second furnace body 51, and the material shoveling plate 551 is provided with a material shoveling groove. After the granules enter the second feeding pipe 52 and then enter the inside of the second furnace body 51, the granules first fall on the material guide plates 541 or scatter at the front end of the second furnace body 51. The second driving mechanism 8 drives the second furnace body 51 to rotate, the granules on the material guide plates 541 are turned over and scattered between the material guide frames 54, most of the granules are conveyed to the rear end of the second furnace body 51 along the material guide grooves 542, and part of the granules scatter to the bottom of the second furnace body 51 along the gap at the rear end of the material guide plates 541. Since the second furnace body 51 is continuously rotated, the granules at the rear end of the second furnace body 51 are conveyed to the front end of the second furnace body 51 through the second spiral vane 512, and the granules are shovelled and scattered by the material shoveling plates 551 at the front end of the second furnace body 51, so that the granules can fall into the material guide plates 541 again for circulation and conveying when falling. In this way, the granules are repeatedly conveyed in the second furnace body 51 through the material guide frame 54, the material shoveling frame 55 and the second spiral vane 512, so that the cooled granules can be mixed with the granules just added into the second furnace body 51 for heat dissipation, thereby improving the heat dissipation effect of the granules. Moreover, the granules can be fully scattered when being turned over and falling in the material shoveling frame 55 and the material guide frame 54, so as to avoid granule agglomeration, and the granules can be fully dispersed and contacted with the side wall of the second furnace body 51, thereby further improving the heat dissipation rate of the granules.

[0054] Compared with the prior art, in the production line of the present application, the granules are preliminarily preheated by the preheating furnace 4, and the granules are repeatedly stirred by the first preheating conveying blade 412 and the second preheating conveying blade 414 in the preheating furnace 4, so that the granules are turned over more fully, and the preheating effect is improved. The dehydration effect of the granules before activation is further improved, and the activation efficiency of the next step of the tubular furnace 2 is accelerated. Moreover, when the granules are cooled, the granules can be guided and conveyed by the guide frame 54 and the second spiral blade 512, so that the granules can be repeatedly stirred in the cooling furnace 5, so that the granules can be more fully contacted with the second furnace body 51, and the cooling efficiency of the cooling furnace 5 is further improved. In addition, the cooling furnace 5 can simultaneously add materials to the preheating furnace 4 for preheating during the cooling process, so that the production line can continuously and uninterruptedly operate, thereby improving the production efficiency of the production line.

[0055] A process based on the above-mentioned equipment for preparing carbon dioxide adsorbing carbon material, comprising the following steps:

[0056] S1, uniformly mix the biomass extract with the liquid template agent at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:1-1:2;

[0057] S2, add the activator phosphoric acid solution with a concentration of 50-70%, add 1-2 times the weight of the biomass extract, and mature at 200-220 DEG C for 30-60 min;

[0058] S3, granulate by extrusion, and the granulation diameter is 2-4 mm;

[0059] S4, add the granules to the preheating furnace for preheating, then add them to the tubular furnace, heat the tubular furnace according to the program, heat at a rate of 1-3 DEG C per minute to 250-350 DEG C for carbonization, carbonization time is 3-5 h, then heat at the same heating rate to 550-650 DEG C for activation, activation time is 1-2 h;

[0060] S5, guide the granules into the cooling furnace for cooling, after cooling, wash the carbon granules to remove phosphoric acid;

[0061] S6, dry the granules, dry the granules to a moisture content of less than 3%;

[0062] S7, high-temperature graphitization treatment of the granules, graphitization temperature is 1900-2500 DEG C;

[0063] S8, react the graphitized granules with an acidic solution in a reaction kettle under a pressure of 0.1-0.5 MPa for 1-3 h;

[0064] S9, high-pressure acid washing of the granules, then neutralize with flaked alkali, and then rinse with clean water until neutral;

[0065] S10, drying, to obtain a carbon material with rich microporous or ultramicroporous pore structure.

[0066] Preferably, the biomass extract in step S1 can be selected from one or more of starch, cellulose or lignin, and the liquid template agent can be selected from one or more of soluble iron salt, copper salt or aluminum salt.

[0067] Compared with the prior art, the method of the present application uses metal atoms as templates, and the precursor shrinks under the action of ultrahigh temperature, and the mesopores and macropores are lost. Under ultrahigh temperature, the metal elements with high boiling points will not volatilize due to high temperature, and therefore, when these metal elements are dissolved out with an acid solution, an ultramicroporous pore structure is generated, so that the carbon material prepared can have a larger amount of microporous or ultramicroporous pore structure.

[0068] The above examples and drawings are not intended to limit the product form and style of the present application, and any appropriate changes or modifications made by those skilled in the art to them shall be considered as not departing from the patent scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An apparatus for producing a carbon material that adsorbs carbon dioxide, characterized by, The utility model provides a kind of biomass carbonization and activation device, including tubular furnace body, heating box, driving shaft, driving motor and stirring assembly, the front end of tubular furnace body is equipped with feed inlet and rear end is equipped with discharge port, several heating boxes are arranged along the axial direction of tubular furnace body, the driving shaft is rotated in tubular furnace body, stirring assembly is arranged on driving shaft, the stirring assembly includes stirring shaft and blade, blade is symmetrically arranged at the outer end of stirring shaft, the inner end of stirring shaft is rotatably connected with driving shaft, driving motor is arranged in the side of tubular furnace body, driving motor drives driving shaft to rotate, driving shaft rotation drives stirring shaft to rotate around the central axis of driving shaft;Further including adjusting mechanism, the adjusting mechanism includes adjusting shaft, adjusting motor, adjusting sleeve, adjusting gear, adjusting rack and expansion shaft sleeve, driving shaft is equipped with containing cavity, adjusting shaft is rotatably connected in containing cavity, adjusting motor is installed on the side wall of tubular furnace body, the power output end of adjusting motor is connected with adjusting shaft by clutch, adjusting sleeve is slidably connected in containing cavity, adjusting gear is connected at the inner end of stirring shaft, adjusting rack is arranged on the outer side wall of adjusting sleeve, adjusting gear and adjusting rack are meshed with each other, expansion shaft sleeve is fixedly installed on adjusting shaft, and expansion shaft sleeve is drivingly connected with adjusting sleeve;Threaded expansion block and abutting expansion block are slidably arranged on the side wall of expansion shaft sleeve, the inside of expansion shaft sleeve is equipped with first gas chamber for driving threaded expansion block to slide and second gas chamber for driving abutting expansion block to slide, first gas chamber forms first air inlet hole on the end face of expansion shaft sleeve, second gas chamber forms second air inlet hole on the end face of expansion shaft sleeve, the inside of adjusting sleeve is equipped with adapter sleeve, the inner side wall of adapter sleeve is equipped with transmission thread, and transmission thread is threadedly connected with threaded expansion block;The side wall of adjusting sleeve is provided with strip-shaped sliding slot, and the inner end of stirring shaft extends into strip-shaped sliding slot and is slidably fitted.

2. An apparatus for preparing a carbon material for adsorbing carbon dioxide according to claim 1, wherein The inner side wall of containing cavity is equipped with several positioning assemblies, and the two ends of adjusting sleeve are slidably sleeved on the positioning assemblies.

3. An apparatus for preparing a carbon material for adsorbing carbon dioxide according to claim 2, wherein The positioning assembly includes several positioning units, the positioning units are spaced apart, the positioning units are provided with positioning protrusions extending along the axial direction of the driving shaft, and the two ends of the adjusting sleeve are slidably sleeved on the positioning protrusions.

4. The apparatus for preparing a carbon material for adsorbing carbon dioxide according to claim 1, wherein The outer side wall of the driving shaft is provided with guide spiral blades on the side close to the feed inlet.

5. The apparatus for preparing a carbon material for adsorbing carbon dioxide according to claim 1, wherein The feed inlet of the tubular furnace body is provided with a preheating furnace, and the discharge port of the tubular furnace body is provided with a cooling furnace.

6. A process based on the apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: S1, uniformly mix the biomass extract and the liquid template agent in a solid-liquid ratio of 1:1-1:2; S2, add an activator phosphoric acid solution with a concentration of 50-70%, add 1-2 times the weight of the biomass extract, and mature at 200-220 DEG C for 30-60 minutes; S3, granulate by extrusion, with a granulation diameter of 2-4 mm; S4, preheat the granules in a preheating furnace, then add them into the tubular furnace, and program the temperature in the tubular furnace, with a temperature rise of 1-3 DEG C per minute, carbonize at 250-350 DEG C, with a carbonization time of 3-5 hours, then raise the temperature at the same speed to 550-650 DEG C for activation, with an activation time of 1-2 hours; S5, the granules are introduced into a cooling furnace for cooling, and after cooling, the carbon granules are cleaned to remove phosphoric acid; S6, the granules are dried until the moisture content of the granules is less than 3%; S7, the granules are subjected to high-temperature graphitization treatment to obtain graphitized granules, and the graphitization temperature is 1900-2500℃; S8, the graphitized granules are reacted with an acidic solution in a reaction kettle under a pressure of 0.1-0.5MPa for 1-3h; S9, the granules are subjected to high-pressure acid washing, then neutralized with flake alkali, and then rinsed with clean water until neutral; S10, drying, to obtain a carbon material with rich microporous pore structure; In step S1, the biomass extract is one or more of starch, cellulose or lignin, and the liquid template agent is one or more of soluble iron salt, copper salt or aluminum salt.

Images