Biomass pyrolysis apparatus with pyrolysis gas self-circulation

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of biomass pyrolysis, and discloses a biomass pyrolysis device with pyrolysis gas self-circulation, which comprises a pyrolysis furnace body, a vertical pipeline, a combustion chamber, a recovery pipeline, an oxygen supplement device and a dust removal and air mixing mechanism. The pyrolysis gas outlet of the pyrolysis furnace body is connected to the inlet of the combustion chamber through the vertical pipeline, the outlet of the combustion chamber is connected to the inlet end of the pyrolysis furnace body through the recovery pipeline, the oxygen supplement device comprises an injection structure, an oxygen supplement fan and an oxygen supplement pipeline, the oxygen supplement pipeline is connected to an oxygen supplement air inlet through a preheating structure arranged on the recovery pipeline, the injection structure is arranged above the lower end inlet of the vertical pipeline and sprays high-speed oxygen-containing gas flow upward, the dust removal and air mixing mechanism is arranged on the vertical pipeline and located above the injection structure, and the oxygen supplement fan adopts a high-speed fan. The present application has a long service life, is simple to maintain, does not need to clean the pipeline and equipment frequently, and saves energy consumption.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of biomass pyrolysis, and particularly relates to a biomass pyrolysis device with self-circulation of pyrolysis gas. BACKGROUND

[0002] Biomass pyrolysis needs to be carried out in an oxygen-free or oxygen-deficient condition, and the current main technology is to use an indirect method of external heating of a pyrolysis furnace. The indirect heating method is safe, but the biomass cannot directly contact the heat source, the heat transfer efficiency is low, the production cost is high, and the use of conventional fuel combustion to provide the heat source has the defects of high energy consumption and more pollutants.

[0003] Another pyrolysis method is to use high-temperature oxygen-deficient gas to directly contact and heat the biomass. This method is obviously higher in contact sufficiency with the biomass and heat transfer efficiency, but also has defects. First, the combustible mixed gas output from the pyrolysis gas outlet includes not only the pyrolysis gas but also the oxygen-deficient gas used for heating. If the pyrolysis gas is to be collected, a series of equipment needs to be used to realize gas separation, which is technically complicated and high in cost. Therefore, the existing technology often directly burns the gas output from the pyrolysis gas outlet, and uses the tail gas generated by the combustion to carry out pyrolysis. In this way, the tail gas can be directly recycled, and the energy consumption required for pyrolysis can be reduced.

[0004] However, the combustible mixed gas contains complex substances, including smoke dust (small solid particles), water vapor, gasified tar and other substances. Part of these substances will cool and condense to form liquid droplets due to the conveying process or the generation of supplementary gas (such as oxygen, air). The smoke dust and liquid droplets may attach to the pipe wall, various inlets and outlets, fan blades, shafts and other places during the conveying process, thereby shortening the service life of the equipment and requiring frequent maintenance. In order to prolong the service life of the equipment and reduce the number of maintenance, the combustible mixed gas should be purified to a certain extent, but the conventional purification equipment not only requires a certain cost, but also easily increases the conveying distance of the combustible mixed gas and affects the conveying efficiency, which will all cause the temperature of the gas to drop. The pyrolysis gas, which is originally combustible, only accounts for a part of the combustible mixed gas, and the input of oxygen and other oxidizing gases may further lower the temperature of the gas. The temperature of the gas will adversely affect the combustion efficiency of the combustible mixed gas, resulting in the need to supplement more fuel, thereby increasing the energy consumption of pyrolysis. SUMMARY

[0005] The purpose of the present application is to provide a biomass pyrolysis device with self-circulation of pyrolysis gas, which solves the technical problem in the prior art that it is difficult to remove impurities such as smoke dust and liquid droplets in the gas while ensuring the combustion effect and the temperature of the tail gas after combustion in the process of recycling the combustible mixed gas for combustion.

[0006] The biomass pyrolysis device with self-circulation of pyrolysis gas comprises a pyrolysis furnace body, a vertical pipeline, a combustion chamber, a recovery pipe, an oxygen supply device and a dust removal and air mixing mechanism. The pyrolysis gas outlet of the pyrolysis furnace body is connected to the inlet of the combustion chamber through the vertical pipeline, and the outlet of the combustion chamber is connected to the inlet end of the pyrolysis furnace body through the recovery pipe. The oxygen supply device comprises an ejection structure, an oxygen supply fan and an oxygen supply pipeline. The oxygen supply pipeline is connected to the oxygen supply air inlet through a preheating structure provided on the recovery pipe. The ejection structure is provided above the lower end inlet of the vertical pipeline and sprays a high-speed oxygen-containing air flow upward. The dust removal and air mixing mechanism is provided on the vertical pipeline and located above the ejection structure. The oxygen supply fan adopts a high-speed fan.

[0007] Preferably, the dust removal and air mixing mechanism includes a main body, a swirl plate and an air guide body, the center of the main body is a central tube cavity connected to the vertical pipe at both ends, the central tube cavity is provided with the swirl plate and the air guide body in sequence from bottom to top, the swirl plate is provided with a plurality of swirl blades, the air guide body includes a plurality of air guide blades corresponding to the swirl blades, the lower part of the air guide blade is an air inlet part, the upper and middle part of the air guide blade is a vertically arranged air induction part, the inclination angle and direction of the air inlet part are consistent with the inclination angle and direction of the swirl blade, and the air induction part and the air inlet part have a smooth transition.

[0008] Preferably, the dust removal and air mixing mechanism also includes an impurity separation structure, which is arranged at the lower part of the swirl plate. The impurity separation structure includes an annular separation groove installed on the main body through a bearing. The inner side of the annular separation groove is flanged upward and the outer side extends to the impurity collection groove outside the central tube cavity. A gap is left between the lower end of the side wall of the swirl plate and the annular separation groove. The annular separation groove is connected to the power source through an external tube transmission mechanism arranged outside the central tube cavity.

[0009] Preferably, the air guide body includes the air guide blades and the air guide duct wall, the air guide blades are fixed on the inner side of the air guide duct wall, the lower end of the air guide duct wall is mounted on the main body through bearing 2, the outer tube transmission mechanism includes a driving ring gear, a driven ring gear and a plurality of transmission gears, the driving ring gear is fixedly sleeved on the outer side of the air guide duct wall, the end face of the driven ring gear is fixedly connected to the annular separation groove through a connecting piece, the driven ring gear is concentric with the annular separation groove, and the driving ring gear and the driven ring gear are connected by a plurality of transmission gears.

[0010] Preferably, the main body includes an annular main body bracket, a lower connecting piece, an upper connecting piece and an outer shell, the annular main body bracket includes vertical pillars, an annular bottom plate, annular partition plate 1, annular partition plate 2 and annular top plate, the vertical pillars have several fixed arrangements evenly along the periphery of the annular bottom plate, the annular partition plate 1, the annular partition plate 2 and the annular top plate are fixedly connected to the vertical pillars in sequence from bottom to top, and the outer shell is wrapped around the outside of the annular main body bracket; the bearing 1 is installed and connected to the annular bottom plate, the bearing 2 is installed and connected to the annular partition plate 2, the swirl plate is installed and connected to the bottom of the annular partition plate 2, the upper connecting piece and the lower connecting piece are respectively fixed to the upper and lower end faces of the annular main body bracket.

[0011] Preferably, the upper connecting member and the lower connecting member are both annular, the inner side of the upper connecting member has a lower flange extending downward, the outer side of the lower flange is fixedly sleeved with an isolation sleeve, the isolation sleeve is sleeved outside the air guide body and has an inner and outer tube wall at the lower part, the lower end of the inner tube wall of the lower part of the isolation sleeve is pressed on the end face of the active gear ring, the outer tube wall of the lower part of the isolation sleeve is pressed on the upper end face of the bearing 2, and the outer tube wall is provided with a gear accommodating groove for accommodating the transmission gear.

[0012] Preferably, the impurity collection trough is a fan-shaped drawer structure, and the annular partition plate 1, the side surface of the vertical support and the top surface of the annular bottom plate form a drawer groove structure that is compatible with the impurity collection trough.

[0013] Preferably, the transmission gear includes gear one, gear two, gear three, gear four and gear five, the driving gear is driven by meshing with gear one and gear two, gear two and gear three are coaxially connected, the diameter of gear three is larger than that of gear two, gear three is meshed with gear four, the diameter of gear four is smaller than that of gear three, gear four is coaxially connected with gear five, and gear five is meshed with the driven ring gear for transmission.

[0014] The present invention has the following advantages: It utilizes the ejection effect of a high-speed oxygen-containing airflow to drive the pyrolysis gas upward through a dust removal and air mixing mechanism, where impurities such as smoke and oil droplets are removed from the pyrolysis gas. Furthermore, because the ejection structure draws in the pyrolysis gas, and the dust removal and air mixing mechanism lacks a rotating shaft or other moving structure within the flue gas flow area, impurities such as smoke and oil droplets in the flue gas passage between the pyrolysis gas outlet and the burner do not affect the pyrolysis gas conveying device. Consequently, the device has a long service life, is simple to maintain, and eliminates the need for frequent cleaning of piping and equipment, while also saving energy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a biomass pyrolysis device with self-circulation of pyrolysis gas according to the present invention.

[0016] Figure 2 For Figure 1 Enlarged view of A area in the structure shown.

[0017] Figure 3 For Figure 1 Structure diagram of dust removal and air mixing mechanism in the structure shown.

[0018] Figure 4 For Figure 3 Sectional view of the structure shown.

[0019] Figure 5 Internal structure diagram of dust removal and air mixing mechanism.

[0020] Figure 6 For Figure 3 Structure diagram of pipe external transmission mechanism in the structure shown.

[0021] The reference signs in the attached drawings of the specification include: 1, pyrolysis furnace, 101, pyrolysis gas outlet, 102, solid-liquid outlet, 2, combustion chamber, 3, oxygen supplement fan, 4, preheating structure, 5, dust removal and air mixing mechanism, 501, lower connecting piece, 502, bearing one, 503, annular separation groove, 504, impurity collection groove, 505, cyclone plate, 506, outer shell, 507, isolation sleeve, 508, upper connecting piece, 509, air guide body, 510, bearing two, 511, annular main body support, 512, air guide blade, 513, pipe external transmission mechanism, 5131, driving gear ring, 5132, driven gear ring, 5133, gear one, 5134, gear two, 5135, gear three, 5136, gear four, 5137, gear five, 6, injection structure, 7, oxygen supplement air inlet, 8, vertical pipeline, 9, recovery pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The specific embodiments of the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings, and the description of the embodiments will help the skilled in the art to have a more complete, accurate and in-depth understanding of the inventive concept and technical solution of the present application.

[0023] As Figures 1-6As shown, the present invention provides a biomass pyrolysis device with self-circulation of pyrolysis gas, comprising a pyrolysis furnace 1 body, a vertical pipe 8, a combustion chamber 2, a recovery pipe 9, an oxygen supply device and a dust removal and air mixing mechanism 5, wherein the pyrolysis gas outlet 101 of the pyrolysis furnace 1 body is connected to the inlet of the combustion chamber 2 through the vertical pipe 8, and the outlet of the combustion chamber 2 is connected to the inlet end of the pyrolysis furnace 1 body through the recovery pipe 9, the oxygen supply device comprises an ejection structure 6, an oxygen supply fan 3 and an oxygen supply pipeline, the oxygen supply pipeline is connected to the oxygen supply air inlet 7 through a preheating structure 4 provided on the recovery pipe 9, the ejection structure 6 is provided above the lower end inlet of the vertical pipe 8 and sprays a high-speed oxygen-containing air flow upward, the dust removal and air mixing mechanism 5 is provided on the vertical pipe 8 and located above the ejection structure 6, and the oxygen supply fan 3 adopts a high-speed fan.

[0024] The dust removal and air mixing mechanism 5 includes a main body, a swirl plate 505 and an air guide body 509. The center of the main body is a central tube cavity connected to the vertical pipe 8 at both ends. The central tube cavity is provided with the swirl plate 505 and the air guide body 509 from bottom to top. The swirl plate 505 is provided with a plurality of swirl blades. The air guide body 509 includes a plurality of air guide blades 512 corresponding to the swirl blades. The lower part of the air guide blade 512 is an air inlet part, and the upper and middle parts of the air guide blade 512 are vertically arranged air induction parts. The inclination angle and direction of the air inlet part are consistent with the inclination angle and direction of the swirl blade, and there is a smooth transition between the air induction part and the air inlet part. This structure changes the direction of the passing airflow through the swirl plate 505, and uses the centrifugal force generated by the airflow to separate the smoke and oil droplets to the side wall of the swirl plate 505. After the airflow passes through the swirl plate 505, the direction of the airflow is changed again by the air guide blades 512. During this process, the airflow blades affect the generation of vortexes, which accelerates the mixing of the high-speed oxygen-containing airflow and the pyrolysis gas.

[0025] The dust removal and air mixing mechanism 5 also includes an impurity separation structure, which is arranged at the lower part of the swirl plate 505. The impurity separation structure includes an annular separation groove 503 installed on the main body through a bearing 502. The inner side of the annular separation groove 503 is turned upward and the outer side extends to the impurity collection groove 504 outside the central tube cavity. A gap is left between the lower end of the side wall of the swirl plate 505 and the annular separation groove 503. The annular separation groove 503 is connected to the power source through an external tube transmission mechanism 513 arranged outside the central tube cavity. This structure uses the annular separation groove 503 to catch the impurities mixed with smoke and oil droplets falling along the side wall of the swirl plate 505. The power source drives the annular separation groove 503 to rotate through the external transmission mechanism 513. The centrifugal force generated in this way throws the impurities received by the annular separation groove 503 into the external impurity collection groove 504, thereby realizing the transfer of impurities from the central tube cavity to the external impurity collection groove 504. At the same time, due to the influence of the induced effect in the central tube cavity of this area and the guiding effect of the inner side of the annular separation groove 503, even if the main body is opened to replace the impurity collection groove 504, the airflow in the tube is not easy to flow out. On the contrary, airflow will be sucked in from the outside, making the replacement and maintenance of the dust removal and air mixing mechanism 5 more convenient.

[0026] The air guide body 509 includes the air guide blades 512 and an air guide duct wall. The air guide blades 512 are fixed to the inner side of the air guide duct wall. The lower end of the air guide duct wall is mounted on the main body via bearing 2 510. The external transmission mechanism 513 includes a driving ring gear 5131, a driven ring gear 5132, and a plurality of transmission gears. The driving ring gear 5131 is fixedly sleeved on the outer side of the air guide duct wall. The end face of the driven ring gear 5132 is fixedly connected to the annular separation groove 503 via a connector. The driven ring gear 5132 is concentric with the annular separation groove 503. The driving ring gear 5131 and the driven ring gear 5132 are connected by a plurality of transmission gears. Here, the air guide blades 512 are used to withstand the wind pressure of the high-speed oxygen-containing airflow, causing the air guide body 509 to rotate, thereby driving the annular separation groove 503 to rotate. This utilizes the power generated by the high-speed oxygen-containing airflow, saving energy.

[0027] The transmission gears include Gear 1 5133, Gear 2 5134, Gear 3 5135, Gear 4 5136, and Gear 5 5137. The driving gear is driven by meshing between Gear 1 5133 and Gear 2 5134. Gear 2 5134 and Gear 3 5135 are coaxially connected. Gear 3 5135 has a larger diameter than Gear 2 5134. Gear 3 5135 meshes with Gear 4 5136. Gear 4 5136 has a smaller diameter than Gear 3 5135. Gear 4 5136 is coaxially connected with Gear 5 5137. Gear 5 5137 meshes with the driven ring gear 5132. This allows for acceleration transmission through the gears, increasing the rotational speed of the annular separation tank 503.

[0028] The main body includes an annular main body bracket 511, a lower connecting piece 501, an upper connecting piece 508 and an outer shell 506. The annular main body bracket 511 includes vertical pillars, an annular bottom plate, annular partition plate 1, annular partition plate 2 and annular top plate. The vertical pillars have several fixed arrangements evenly along the periphery of the annular bottom plate. The annular partition plate 1, the annular partition plate 2 and the annular top plate are fixedly connected to the vertical pillars in sequence from bottom to top. The outer shell 506 is wrapped around the outside of the annular main body bracket 511; the bearing 1 502 is installed and connected to the annular bottom plate, the bearing 2 510 is installed and connected to the annular partition plate 2, the swirl plate 505 is installed and connected to the bottom of the annular partition plate 2, the upper connecting piece 508 and the lower connecting piece 501 are respectively fixed to the upper and lower end faces of the annular main body bracket 511. In this way, the main body of the dust removal and air mixing mechanism 5 can realize the connection and installation of the swirl plate 505, the air guide body 509 and the vertical pipe 8 through the annular main body bracket 511, and can also close the annular main body bracket 511 to achieve internal and external isolation.

[0029] The impurity collection trough 504 is a fan-shaped drawer structure. The annular partition plate 1, the side surfaces of the vertical pillars, and the top surface of the annular bottom plate form a drawer groove structure compatible with the impurity collection trough 504. The upper connecting member 508 and the lower connecting member 501 are both annular. The inner side of the upper connecting member 508 has a downwardly extending lower flange. The outer side of the lower flange is fixedly sleeved with an isolation sleeve 507. The isolation sleeve 507 is sleeved outside the air guide body 509 and has an inner and outer tube wall at the bottom. The lower end of the inner tube wall of the isolation sleeve 507 presses on the end surface of the active gear ring 5131, and the outer tube wall of the isolation sleeve 507 presses on the upper end surface of the bearing 2 510. The outer tube wall is provided with a gear receiving groove for accommodating the transmission gear. The above structure uses an isolation sleeve 507 to isolate the central tube cavity to prevent the pyrolysis gas from entering the tube cavity outside the tube where the external transmission mechanism 513 is provided. This can prevent the external transmission mechanism 513 from being affected by residual impurities in the pyrolysis gas, and can also prevent the external transmission mechanism 513 from igniting the pyrolysis gas during friction and collision.

[0030] When the present invention is in operation, biomass is transported to the pyrolysis furnace 1, and start-up fuel and oxygen are first added to the combustion chamber 2 for combustion. Then, the high-temperature oxygen-deficient flue gas generated after combustion is filled into the pyrolysis furnace 1 from the inlet end, so that the high-temperature oxygen-deficient flue gas is in direct contact with the biomass to achieve rapid heat transfer and pyrolysis. The solid and liquid substances generated by pyrolysis in an oxygen-deficient environment are discharged from the solid-liquid outlet 102 of the pyrolysis furnace 1, and the pyrolysis products are subsequently obtained through separation treatment, and the pyrolysis gas generated by pyrolysis is mixed with the high-temperature oxygen-deficient flue gas and can be discharged from the pyrolysis gas outlet 101.

[0031] During operation, this device supplements oxygen to the pyrolysis gas through a high-speed oxygen-containing airflow (such as high-purity oxygen or air) brought by the oxygen-supplementing blower 3. The high-speed oxygen-containing airflow passes through the preheating structure 4 and exchanges heat with the high-temperature flue gas (generated by the combustion of the pyrolysis gas in the combustion chamber 2) in the recovery pipe 9. This ensures that the high-speed oxygen-containing airflow reaches a certain temperature before being filled into the vertical pipe 8, reducing the reduction in the temperature of the pyrolysis gas caused by the supplemental oxygen. At the same time, the high-temperature flue gas is very hot and can still effectively achieve anoxic pyrolysis of the biomass after a certain amount of heat is recovered by the preheating structure 4. The injection effect of the high-speed oxygen-containing airflow can drive the pyrolysis gas to flow upward through the dust removal and air mixing mechanism 5, which removes impurities such as smoke and oil droplets contained in the pyrolysis gas. Moreover, since the ejector structure 6 is used to inhale the pyrolysis gas, and the dust removal and air mixing mechanism 5 does not have a rotating shaft or other moving structures inside the flue gas flow area, smoke, oil droplets and other dirt and impurities in the flue gas passage between the pyrolysis gas outlet 101 and the burner do not affect the pyrolysis gas conveying device. Therefore, the device has a long service life, simple maintenance, and does not require frequent cleaning of pipes and equipment, while saving energy consumption.

[0032] In the dust removal mixing mechanism, the pyrolysis gas and the oxygen-containing air flow flow through the swirl plate 505 at high speed. After the impurities are separated by centrifugal force to the side wall of the swirl plate 505, they fall into the impurity separation structure and are thrown off by the annular separation groove 503 to the impurity collection groove 504. This can prevent the impurities from remaining in the central tube cavity after separation, and thus being brought into the air flow again by the high-speed oxygen-containing air flow, affecting the dust removal and separation effect. After being separated into the impurity collection groove 504, the staff can easily perform impurity removal maintenance on the device by replacing the impurity collection groove 504. The pyrolysis gas and the oxygen-containing air flow are mixed rapidly in the guide body while the guide body rotates to form a power source that drives the annular separation groove 503 to rotate, realizing power recovery and slowing down the air flow speed. The pyrolysis gas is mixed with the oxygen-containing gas flow and decelerated before being charged into the combustion chamber 2, and then burned after being supplemented with fuel that can fully consume oxygen, thereby forming new high-temperature oxygen-deficient flue gas. The high-temperature oxygen-deficient flue gas is again charged into the pyrolysis furnace 1 to realize the recovery and utilization of the pyrolysis gas combustion heat, effectively reducing energy consumption, simplifying the device maintenance process, reducing the need for device cleaning and maintenance, and extending the service life of the device.

[0033] The present invention is described above by way of example in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It is obvious that the specific implementation of the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned method. As long as various non-substantial improvements are made using the inventive concept and technical solution of the present invention, or the inventive concept and technical solution are directly applied to other occasions without improvement, they are all within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A biomass pyrolysis device with self-circulation of pyrolysis gas, characterized by: The invention comprises a pyrolysis furnace (1) body, a vertical pipe (8), a combustion chamber (2), a recovery pipe (9), an oxygen supply device and a dust removal and air mixing mechanism (5), wherein the pyrolysis gas outlet (101) of the pyrolysis furnace (1) body is connected to the inlet of the combustion chamber (2) through the vertical pipe (8), and the outlet of the combustion chamber (2) is connected to the inlet end of the pyrolysis furnace (1) body through the recovery pipe (9), the oxygen supply device comprises an ejection structure (6), an oxygen supply fan (3) and an oxygen supply pipeline, the oxygen supply pipeline is connected to the oxygen supply air inlet (7) through a preheating structure (4) provided on the recovery pipe (9), the ejection structure (6) is provided above the lower end inlet of the vertical pipe (8) and sprays a high-speed oxygen-containing air flow upward, the dust removal and air mixing mechanism (5) is provided on the vertical pipe (8) and is located above the ejection structure (6), and the oxygen supply fan (3) adopts a high-speed fan; The dust removal and air mixing mechanism (5) comprises a main body, a swirl plate (505) and an air guide (509); the center of the main body is a central tube cavity with both ends connected to the vertical pipe (8); the central tube cavity is provided with the swirl plate (505) and the air guide (509) in sequence from bottom to top; the swirl plate (505) is provided with a plurality of swirl blades; the air guide (509) comprises a plurality of air guide blades (512) corresponding to the swirl blades; the lower portion of the air guide blade (512) is an air inlet portion; the upper and middle portions of the air guide blades (512) are vertically arranged air induction portions; the inclination angle and direction of the air inlet portion are consistent with the inclination angle and direction of the swirl blades; and the air induction portion and the air inlet portion have a smooth transition; The dust removal and air mixing mechanism (5) also includes an impurity separation structure, which is arranged at the lower part of the swirl plate (505). The impurity separation structure includes an annular separation groove (503) installed on the main body through a bearing (502). The inner side of the annular separation groove (503) is turned up and the outer side extends to the impurity collection groove (504) outside the central tube cavity. A gap is left between the lower end of the side wall of the swirl plate (505) and the annular separation groove (503). The annular separation groove (503) is connected to a power source through an external tube transmission mechanism (513) arranged outside the central tube cavity.

2. The biomass pyrolysis device with pyrolysis gas self-circulation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air guide body (509) comprises the air guide blade (512) and an air guide pipe wall, wherein the air guide blade (512) is fixed on the inner side of the air guide pipe wall, and the lower end of the air guide pipe wall is mounted on the main body via a second bearing (510). The outer tube transmission mechanism (513) comprises a driving ring gear (5131), a driven ring gear (5132) and a plurality of transmission gears, wherein the driving ring gear (5131) is fixedly sleeved on the outer side of the air guide pipe wall, and the end face of the driven ring gear (5132) is fixedly connected to the annular separation groove (503) via a connecting piece, and the driven ring gear (5132) is concentric with the annular separation groove (503), and the driving ring gear (5131) and the driven ring gear (5132) are connected via a plurality of transmission gears.

3. The biomass pyrolysis device with pyrolysis gas self-circulation according to claim 2, characterized in that: The main body includes an annular main body support (511), a lower connecting piece (501), an upper connecting piece (508) and an outer shell (506). The annular main body support (511) includes a vertical pillar, an annular bottom plate, an annular partition plate 1, an annular partition plate 2 and an annular top plate. There are a plurality of vertical pillars and they are evenly fixedly arranged along the periphery of the annular bottom plate. The annular partition plate 1, the annular partition plate 2 and the annular top plate are fixedly connected to the vertical pillars in sequence from bottom to top. The outer shell (506) is wrapped around the outside of the annular main body support (511); the bearing 1 (502) is installed and connected to the annular bottom plate, the bearing 2 (510) is installed and connected to the upper end surface of the annular partition plate 2, the swirl plate (505) is installed and connected to the lower end surface of the annular partition plate 2, and the upper connecting piece (508) and the lower connecting piece (501) are respectively fixed to the upper and lower end surfaces of the annular main body support (511).

4. The biomass pyrolysis device with pyrolysis gas self-circulation according to claim 3, characterized in that: The upper connecting piece (508) and the lower connecting piece (501) are both annular. The inner side of the upper connecting piece (508) has a lower flange extending downward. The outer side of the lower flange is fixedly sleeved with an isolation sleeve (507). The isolation sleeve (507) is sleeved outside the air guide body (509) and has an inner and outer tube wall at the lower part. The lower end of the inner tube wall at the lower part of the isolation sleeve (507) is pressed on the end face of the active gear ring (5131). The outer tube wall at the lower part of the isolation sleeve (507) is pressed on the upper end face of the second bearing (510). The outer tube wall is provided with a gear receiving groove for receiving a transmission gear.

5. The biomass pyrolysis device with pyrolysis gas self-circulation according to claim 4, characterized in that: The impurity collection trough (504) is a fan-shaped drawer structure, and the annular partition plate 1, the side surface of the vertical support and the top surface of the annular bottom plate form a drawer groove structure that is compatible with the impurity collection trough (504).

6. The biomass pyrolysis device with pyrolysis gas self-circulation according to claim 5, characterized in that: The transmission gear comprises gear 1 (5133), gear 2 (5134), gear 3 (5135), gear 4 (5136) and gear 5 (5137); the driving ring gear (5131) is meshed and driven by gear 1 (5133) and gear 2 (5134); gear 2 (5134) and gear 3 (5135) are coaxially connected; the diameter of gear 3 (5135) is larger than that of gear 2 (5134); gear 3 (5135) is meshed and driven by gear 4 (5136); the diameter of gear 4 (5136) is smaller than that of gear 3 (5135); gear 4 (5136) is coaxially connected with gear 5 (5137); and gear 5 (5137) is meshed and driven by the driven ring gear (5132).

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