A crude distillation tower

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the field of separation technology, and particularly relates to a crude distillation tower, including a tower plate and a tower shell, wherein the tower plate includes two rotating plates 1 connected in rotation, each rotating plate 1 is vertically fixed with a partition rod, the lower end of the tower shell is provided with a manhole 1, and a plurality of rotating rods rotating up and down are installed in the tower shell; a folding plate is provided in the tower shell, and the folding plate includes two rotating plates 2 connected in rotation, the rotating plate 2 is assembled in the tower shell through a circular shaft, the circular shaft is assembled in the tower shell with an up and down guide slide, and the folding plate has a long hole for the circular shaft to reciprocate in a direction parallel to the top surface of the folding plate; a moving plate that moves up and down is provided below the folding plate, the tower plate is placed on the folding plate through the manhole 1, the moving plate is moved up so that the folding plate and the tower plate are unfolded to a horizontal level and moved up, and the folding plate has a groove 3 for the rotating rod to vertically pass through. The present invention can solve the technical problems that the staff need to enter the tower shell to install the tower plate and the tower plate installation is troublesome.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of separation, and in particular relates to a crude distillation tower. Background Art

[0002] Crude distillation towers often use plate towers, which are equipment used for preliminary separation of mixtures in the chemical industry. They can pre-separate light components in the raw materials, reduce the load of subsequent distillation towers, improve the separation efficiency of subsequent distillation towers, and reduce the operating temperature and pressure of subsequent distillation towers, thereby reducing energy consumption, saving energy, and protecting the environment. Therefore, the existence of crude distillation towers is of great significance to improving the overall performance of the chemical production process.

[0003] The Chinese patent document with the authorization announcement number CN205199517U discloses a plate tower with a tower plate fastening, including a tower body, a tower plate, a support ring, a fixing nut and a fixing bolt; a plurality of support rings are evenly arranged from top to bottom on the inner wall of the tower body, and a tower plate is arranged on each support ring; it also includes a U-shaped fastener and a spring washer, the two sides of the U-shaped fastener are of different heights, a connecting hole is arranged at the bottom of the U-shaped fastener, the U-shaped fastener is arranged below the supporting ring and the tower plate, the lower end of the U-shaped fastener is tightly attached to the lower side of the supporting ring, and the higher end of the U-shaped fastener is tightly attached to the lower side of the tower plate, and a fixing hole corresponding to the connecting hole is arranged on the tower plate, and the fixing bolt is arranged in the connecting hole and the fixing hole to fix the tower plate and the supporting ring by the fixing nut, and a spring washer is arranged on the fixing bolt. The plate tower involved in the patent document needs to hoist the tower plate into the tower shell, and then the staff enters the tower shell for installation, and each fixing point needs to be assembled, which is troublesome to install. Summary of the invention

[0004] The invention provides a crude distillation tower to solve the technical problem that workers need to enter a tower shell to install tower plates and the installation of the tower plates is troublesome.

[0005] To solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A crude distillation tower comprises a tower plate and a tower shell, wherein the tower plate comprises two rotating plates 1 which are rotatably connected, each rotating plate 1 being vertically fixed with a dividing rod, and the height of the dividing rod is not less than the vertical distance between two adjacent tower plates; a manhole 1 is provided at the lower end of the tower shell, and a bearing assembly for bearing the tower plates is assembled in the tower shell, and the bearing assembly comprises a plurality of rotating rods which are rotatably assembled in the tower shell up and down, and the rotating rods are used to bear the tower plates when the top surfaces of the rotating rods are in contact with the bottom surfaces of the tower plates; a folding plate is arranged in the tower shell, and the folding plate comprises two rotating plates 2 which are rotatably connected, and the rotating plate 2 is rotatably assembled in the tower shell by a circular shaft, and the circular shaft is guided and slidably assembled in the tower shell up and down, and the two circular shafts are respectively located on both sides of the folding axis of the folding plate, and the folding plate is provided with a long hole for the circular shaft to reciprocate in a direction parallel to the top surface of the folding plate; a movable plate which moves up and down is provided below the folding plate, and the tower plate is placed on the folding plate through the manhole 1, and the movable plate is moved up so that the folding plate and the tower plate are unfolded to a horizontal level and moved up, and the folding plate is provided with a groove 3 for the rotating rod to vertically pass through.

[0007] The beneficial effect is: the tower plate is placed on the folding plate through manhole one, the folding plate drives the tower plate to rotate to the horizontal and move upward, the tower plate first contacts the bottom surface of the rotating rod, pushes the rotating rod to rotate upward, and then the tower plate continues to move to the top of the rotating rod and no longer contacts the rotating rod, the rotating rod rotates downward to a horizontal state, and finally the folding plate is moved down, leaving the tower plate on the rotating rod to complete the installation of the tower plate, without the need for manual entry into the tower plate, the tower plate can be installed through manhole one, the installation is simple, and manpower is saved.

[0008] Furthermore, a plurality of guide rods are vertically fixedly assembled in the tower shell, the partition rod has a through hole for the guide rod to vertically pass through, the guide rod is threadedly connected with a nut, and the nut is used to contact the top of the uppermost partition rod so that the tower plate is fixed between the rotating rod and the nut in the vertical direction.

[0009] The beneficial effect is that the guide rod 1 is installed in the through hole 1 to fix the horizontal position of the tower plate, and the nut is used to fix the vertical position of the tower plate together with the rotating rod to prevent the tower plate from moving during operation and affecting production.

[0010] Furthermore, a bottom plate is provided at the bottom end of the tower shell, and a limiting mechanism for limiting the upward movement of the folding plate is provided between the bottom plate and the folding plate, the limiting mechanism comprises a guide tube, a second guide rod, a limiting rod and a swing rod, the guide tube is vertically fixed on the bottom plate, the second guide rod is vertically inserted into the guide tube, the circular axis is located on the second guide rod, a fourth through hole is provided on the second guide rod, a fifth through hole is provided on the guide rod tube, the second guide rod passes through the fifth through hole and is inserted into the fourth through hole, the swing rod is fixed on the folding plate, the swing rod is movably connected to the limiting rod, when the folding plate has an angle, the limiting rod is located in the fourth through hole, and when the folding plate is unfolded to a horizontal position, the limiting rod is separated from the fourth through hole.

[0011] Furthermore, a movable frame is assembled on the guide tube for horizontal sliding movement, the limit rod moves synchronously with the movable frame, a second through hole is provided on the movable frame, and the rocker arm is always located in the second through hole.

[0012] The beneficial effect is that when the folding plate has an angle, the guide rod 2 cannot move up, and the guide rod 2 can only move up when the folding plate is horizontal. The folding plate is flattened first and then moved up to prevent the partition rod from colliding with the guide rod 1 when the folding plate drives the tower plate to rotate.

[0013] Furthermore, part of the dividing rod is located above the tower plate, and part of it is located below the tower plate. When the folding plate and the tower plate are rotated to a horizontal state, the circular axis fits against the side wall of the long hole close to the folding axis of the folding plate, and the dividing rod fits against the three side walls of the groove close to the folding axis of the folding plate.

[0014] The beneficial effect is that the cooperation between the round shaft and the long hole, the dividing rod at the bottom and the groove three is used to realize the positioning of the tower plate, so that when the tower plate is unfolded to the horizontal, the through hole one and the guide rod one are opposite to each other up and down.

[0015] Furthermore, a plurality of support rods are detachably mounted at both ends of the folding plate, and when the folding plate is unfolded to a horizontal position and moved upward, the top surfaces of the support rods vertically press against the lowest tower plate.

[0016] Furthermore, a support seat is installed on the bottom plate so that there is a gap between the bottom plate and the ground. The bottom plate has a drainage hole, and the drainage hole is threadedly connected to a drainage pipe, which is used to push the folding plate to unfold to a horizontal level and move upward.

[0017] The bite force of the threaded connection between the drain pipe and the drain hole provides support for all tower plates and reduces the pressure on the side wall of the tower shell.

[0018] Furthermore, the rotating rod is rotatably assembled on the fixed seat, and a groove one is provided on the tower shell, and the groove one is used to accommodate the fixed seat and the rotating rod rotated to a vertical state. A torsion spring is installed between the rotating rod and the fixed seat, and the torsion spring has elastic potential energy to make the rotating rod rotate downward to a horizontal state.

[0019] The beneficial effect is that after the tower plate moves up and disengages from the rotating rod, the rotating rod can rotate downward to a horizontal state under the action of the torsion spring, ensuring that the tower plate can be placed horizontally on the rotating rod; in the process of the tower plate driving the rotating rod to rotate upward, the rotating rod can enter the groove 1, preventing the rotating rod from affecting the upward movement of the tower plate.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0021] The tower plate is placed on the folding plate through manhole 1. The driving mechanism drives the folding plate to be horizontal and move up and down to realize the installation of the tower plate. The staff does not need to enter the tower plate to realize the installation of the tower plate. The threaded connection of guide rod 1, nut, support plate and support rod, drain pipe and drain hole firmly fixes the tower plate in the tower shell, and the device has strong stability in use. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the split structure;

[0024] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the split structure after all trays are assembled;

[0025] Figure 4 The figure is a schematic diagram of the split structure of the guide rod and the partition rod;

[0026] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the split structure of the load-bearing component;

[0027] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the split structure of the moving plate, the connecting block and the folding plate;

[0028] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the splitting of the connection structure of the support plate and the folding plate;

[0029] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the split structure of the limit mechanism for limiting the upward movement of the folding plate;

[0030] Fig. 9 It is a structural schematic diagram when the tower plate is unfolded to a horizontal state;

[0031] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the structure in which the tower plate is assembled on the guide rod 1 and the rotating rod;

[0032] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the structure when the support rod supports the bottom tower plate;

[0033] Fig.12 for Fig.11 Schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of the middle drain pipe and the drain hole connection structure.

[0034] Description of reference numerals:

[0035] 1. Tower shell; 2. Tower cover; 3. Bottom plate; 4. Manhole 1; 5. Manhole 2; 6. Guide rod 1; 7. Connecting rod; 8. Nut; 9. Groove 1; 10. Fixed seat; 11. Rotating rod; 12. Groove 2; 13. Rotating shaft; 14. Torsion spring; 15. Support seat; 16. Drain hole; 17. Drain pipe; 18. Moving plate; 19. Connecting block; 20. Slot; 21. Tower plate; 22. Separating rod; 23. Through hole 1; 24. Folding plate; 25. Telescopic rod; 26. Groove three; 27. Rotating plate two; 28. Slide groove; 29. ​​Support plate; 30. Support rod; 31. Mounting seat; 32. Long hole; 33. Guide tube; 34. Guide rod two; 35. Round shaft; 36. Rocker rod; 37. Moving frame; 38. Limit rod; 39. Through hole two; 40. Through hole three; 41. Through hole four; 42. Through hole five; 43. Through hole six; 44. Rotating plate one. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should know that the embodiments described below are part of the embodiments of the present disclosure, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] A crude distillation tower, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the tower shell 1 includes a tower cover 2, a bottom plate 3 and a tower plate 21. The tower shell 1 is a cylindrical structure extending up and down. A manhole 4 is provided on the side wall of the lower end of the tower shell 1, and the manhole 4 is closed by a closing plate 1. A manhole 2 5 is provided on the side wall of the upper end of the tower shell 1, and the manhole 2 5 is closed by a closing plate 2. Four guide rods 6 extending up and down are provided in the tower shell 1, such as 2 and Figure 4 As shown, the guide rod 16 is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the tower shell 1 through the connecting rod 7, and the guide rod 16 near the connecting rod 7 is threadedly connected with a nut 8; a groove 19 is provided on the side wall of the tower shell 1, and a bearing assembly is installed in the groove 19, such as Figure 5 As shown, the bearing assembly includes a fixed seat 10 and a rotating rod 11, the fixed seat 10 is fixedly installed in the groove 1 9, the fixed seat 10 is provided with a groove 2 12, the groove 2 12 has a rotating shaft 13, the rotating rod 11 is assembled on the rotating shaft 13 for up and down rotation, a torsion spring 14 is assembled between the rotating shaft 13 and the rotating rod 11, one end of the torsion spring 14 is fixed on the rotating shaft 13, and the other end is fixed on the rotating rod 11; the tower cover 2 is fixedly assembled on the top of the tower shell 1, and the tower cover 2 has an exhaust hole; the bottom end of the tower shell 1 is fixedly mounted on the top of the bottom plate 3, and the bottom plate 3 is vertically fixedly provided with a support seat 15, so that there is a gap between the bottom plate 3 and the ground, the bottom plate 3 is provided with a drainage hole 16, and the inner wall of the drainage hole 16 has an internal thread, and a movable plate 18 is placed on the top surface of the bottom plate 3, as shown in FIG. Figure 6 As shown, a connecting block 19 is fixedly disposed on the bottom surface of the movable plate 18, the connecting block 19 is located in the drainage hole 16 and the outer peripheral surface of the connecting block 19 is in contact with the inner wall of the drainage hole 16, and the connecting block 19 has a slot 20 with an open lower end; Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the tower plate 21 includes two rotatably connected rotating plates 44, and the two rotating plates 44 are connected by hinges. Four dividing rods 22 are vertically fixedly installed on the tower plate 21, and each rotating plate 44 has two dividing rods 22. The dividing rod 22 is a circular tube that passes through from top to bottom. The dividing rod 22 has a through hole 23 inside for the guide rod 6 to pass vertically. A part of the dividing rod 22 is located above the tower plate 21, and a part is located below the tower plate 21.

[0038] A folding plate 24 is provided in the tower shell 1. The folding plate 24 includes two rotating plates 27 connected in rotation. The two rotating plates 27 are connected in rotation by hinges. Each rotating plate 27 has two grooves 26. Figure 7 As shown, the end of the rotating plate 27 away from the folding axis has a slide groove 28, and a support plate 29 is slidably assembled in the slide groove 28. The support plate 29 can be detachably assembled on the rotating plate 27 by means of bolts, etc., and a support rod 30 is provided on the top surface of the support plate 29; two mounting seats 31 are fixedly assembled on the bottom surface of each rotating plate 27, and a long hole 32 is provided on the mounting seat 31; a limiting mechanism for limiting the upward movement of the folding plate 24 is provided between the bottom plate 3 and the folding plate 24, such as Figure 6 and Figure 8 As shown, the limiting mechanism includes a guide tube 33, a second guide rod 34, a limiting rod 38 and a swing rod 36. The guide tube 33 is vertically fixedly assembled on the top surface of the bottom plate 3. The second guide rod 34 is vertically inserted into the guide tube 33. The second guide rod 34 has a circular shaft 35 parallel to the folding axis of the folding plate 24. The two circular shafts 35 are located on both sides of the folding axis of the folding plate 24. The circular shafts 35 are inserted into the long hole 32. The swing rod 36 is fixedly assembled at one end of the mounting seat 31 away from the folding axis of the folding plate 24. The limiting mechanism also includes a movable frame 37, which has a second through hole 39, and the rocker arm 36 is always located in the second through hole 39; the guide tube 33 has a horizontally extending through hole 340, and the movable frame 37 is horizontally slidably assembled in the through hole 340, and the limiting rod 38 is horizontally fixedly assembled at one end of the movable frame 37 away from the second through hole 39, the guide rod 2 34 has a through hole 41 for the limiting rod 38 to pass horizontally, and the guide tube 33 has a through hole 5 42 for the limiting rod 38 to pass through the guide rod 2 34.

[0039] The use of the present invention is:

[0040] ① Place the first tray 21. Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, at this time, the bottom surface of the movable plate 18 is in contact with the top surface of the bottom plate 3, the connecting block 19 is located in the drainage hole 16, and the folding plate 24 is V-shaped and placed on the top surface of the movable plate 18. After the tower plate 21 is folded, it is placed on the folding plate 24 through the manhole 14, and the tower plate 21 is adjusted so that the partition rod 22 located below the tower plate 21 is placed in the groove 3 26, and the bottom surface of the tower plate 21 is in contact with the top surface of the folding plate 24;

[0041] ② Expand the tray 21 to a horizontal position. Fig. 9 As shown, a telescopic rod 25 is firmly placed under the bottom plate 3. The telescopic rod 25 is preferably an electric push rod or a hydraulic rod. The top end of the telescopic rod 25 passes through the drainage hole 16 and is inserted into the slot 20. The telescopic rod 25 is extended, and the movable plate 18 pushes the folding plate 24 so that the angle of the folding plate 24 gradually increases until the top surface of the movable plate 18 is horizontally fitted with the bottom surface of the folding plate 24, and the folding plate 24 is unfolded to a horizontal state, and the tower plate 21 is also unfolded to a horizontal state. At this time, the partition rod 22 located below the tower plate 21 fits with the side wall of the groove three 26 close to the folding axis of the folding plate 24, the circular shaft 35 fits with the side wall of the long hole 32 close to the folding axis of the folding plate 24, and the through hole 1 23 corresponds to the guide rod 1 6 up and down; during the unfolding process of the folding plate 24, the swing rod 36 pushes the moving frame 37 and the limiting rod 38 to move horizontally in the direction close to the folding axis of the folding plate 24, the limiting rod 38 is always located in the through hole four 41, and the guide rod two 34 will not move up under the restriction of the limiting rod 38. When the folding plate 24 is unfolded to the horizontal, the limiting rod 38 is separated from the through hole four 41, and the telescopic rod 25 is extended at this time, and the folding plate 24 and the guide rod two 34 move vertically upward;

[0042] ③ Move the tower plate 21 upward and install the tower plate 21 in the tower shell 1. Fig.10 As shown. Continue to extend the telescopic rod 25, the partition rod 22 moves up and passes through the through hole 1 23, the tower plate 21 first moves up to contact the bottom surface of the rotating rod 11, and then the tower plate 21 continues to move up, pushing the rotating rod 11 to rotate upward, refer to Figure 5 , the rotating rod 11 rotates into the groove 1 9; then the tower plate 21 moves up to the top of the rotating rod 11 and no longer contacts the rotating rod 11. Since the torsion spring 14 has the elastic potential energy to drive the rotating rod 11 to rotate toward the inside of the tower shell 1, the rotating rod 11 rotates downward until the bottom surface of the rotating rod 11 is horizontally fitted with the fixing seat 10; finally, the telescopic rod 25 is shortened, the tower plate 21 and the folding plate 24 move downward synchronously, and the rotating rod 11 passes through the groove three 26 and contacts the bottom surface of the tower plate 21, and the tower plate 21 is horizontally placed on the four rotating rods 11 located at the bottom; the telescopic rod 25 continues to shorten, the folding plate 24 is separated from the tower plate 21, and folded into a V shape under the action of gravity, the mounting seat 31 drives the swing rod 36 to rotate, and the swing rod 36 drives the limit rod 38 to be installed in the through hole four 41, returning to the state of the folding plate 24 in step ①.

[0043] Place the second tower plate 21 on the folding plate 24, repeat steps ② and ③, the top surface of the partition rod 22 on the second tower plate 21 fits with the bottom surface of the partition rod 22 on the first tower plate 21, the second tower plate 21 pushes the first tower plate 21 upward, when the second tower plate 21 contacts the bottom surface of the lowest rotating rod 11, the first tower plate 21 contacts the bottom surface of the second-to-last rotating rod 11, continue to extend the telescopic rod 25, and then shorten it, the second tower plate 21 is placed on the four lowest rotating rods 11, and the first tower plate 21 is placed on the four rotating rods 11 on the second-to-last layer. And so on, complete the installation of all tower plates 21, such as Figure 3 shown.

[0044] After all tower plates 21 are installed, remove the telescopic rod 25. Fig.11 and Figure 7 As shown, the support plate 29 is assembled in the slide groove 28. The support plate 29 can be fixed to the folding plate 24 by bolts. The drain pipe 17 is screwed into the drain hole 16. The top of the drain pipe 17 is inserted into the slot 20. The drain pipe 17 is screwed in. The folding plate 24 is unfolded to a horizontal position and moved upward until the support rod 30 is in vertical pressure contact with the partition rod 22 at the bottom. At this time, the folding plate 24 can be used as the bottom tower plate 21. At this time, the threaded engagement force between the drain pipe 17 and the drain hole 16 provides support for the entire tower plate 21, reducing the pressure on the side wall of the tower shell 1. In order to allow the liquid to be discharged, as shown in FIG. Fig.12 As shown, the side wall of the drain pipe 17 has a through hole 6 43, the bottom surface of the through hole 6 43 is located in the drain hole 16, and the top surface of the through hole 6 43 is located above the bottom plate 3. The closing plate 1 is installed on the tower shell 1 to close the manhole 1 4. The nut 8 is screwed downward through the manhole 2 5 so that the bottom surface of the nut 8 fits with the top surface of the uppermost partition rod 22, and finally the closing plate 2 is installed to close the manhole 2 5.

[0045] In order to ensure the stability of the guide rod 6, a through hole can be opened at the bottom end of the guide rod 6, and a bolt can be horizontally installed in the through hole. The bolt is screwed into the inner wall of the tower shell 1, and two nuts are installed on the bolt. The two nuts are rotated to clamp the guide rod 6 between the two nuts. A cleaning groove adapted to the bolt and the nut can be opened at the top end of the support rod 30.

[0046] In the present invention, the nut 8 and the rotating rod 11 fix all the tower plates 21 in the up-down direction, and the guide rod 1 6 fixes all the tower plates 21 horizontally, thereby ensuring the stability of the tower plates 21 during use. When installing the tower plates 21, it is not necessary for the staff to enter the tower shell 1, and the fixing and installation of all the tower plates 21 can be completed only through the manhole 1 4 and the manhole 2 5, which is simple and convenient to install.

Claims

1. A crude distillation tower, comprising a tower plate (21) and a tower shell (1), characterized in that: The tower plate (21) comprises two rotatably connected rotating plates (44), each rotating plate (44) being vertically fixed with a partition rod (22), the height of the partition rod (22) being not less than the vertical distance between two adjacent tower plates (21); a manhole (4) is provided at the lower end of the tower shell (1), a bearing assembly for bearing the tower plate (21) is arranged in the tower shell (1), the bearing assembly comprises a plurality of rotating rods (11) rotatably mounted in the tower shell (1) up and down, the top surface of the rotating rod (11) being used to bear the tower plate (21) when in contact with the bottom surface of the tower plate (21); a folding plate (24) is arranged in the tower shell (1), the folding plate (24) comprises two rotatably connected rotating plates (27), the rotating plates (27) being rotatably mounted in the tower shell (1) via a circular shaft (35), the circular shaft (35) being slidably mounted in the tower shell (1) up and down, the two circular shafts (35) being respectively located at the folding shaft of the folding plate (24). On both sides of the line, the folding plate (24) has a long hole (32) for the circular shaft (35) to reciprocate in a direction parallel to the top surface of the folding plate (24); below the folding plate (24) is a movable plate (18) that moves up and down, the tower plate (21) is placed on the folding plate (24) through a manhole (4), the movable plate (18) moves up so that the folding plate (24) and the tower plate (21) are unfolded to a horizontal level and move up, the folding plate (24) has a groove (26) for the rotating rod (11) to vertically pass through, a plurality of guide rods (6) are vertically fixedly assembled in the tower shell (1), the partition rod (22) has a through hole (23) for the guide rod (6) to vertically pass through, the guide rod (6) is threadedly connected to a nut (8), the nut (8) is used to contact the top of the uppermost partition rod (22), so that the tower plate (21) is fixed between the rotating rod (11) and the nut (8) in the vertical direction.

2. A crude distillation tower according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tower shell (1) has a bottom plate (3) at the bottom end. A limiting mechanism for limiting the upward movement of the folding plate (24) is provided between the bottom plate (3) and the folding plate (24). The limiting mechanism comprises a guide tube (33), a second guide rod (34), a limiting rod (38) and a swing rod (36). The guide tube (33) is vertically fixed on the bottom plate (3). The second guide rod (34) is vertically installed in the guide tube (33). The round shaft (35) is located on the second guide rod (34). The second guide rod (34) A through hole four (41) is provided on the folding plate (24), a through hole five (42) is provided on the guide tube (33), and a limit rod (38) passes through the through hole five (42) and is installed in the through hole four (41); a swing rod (36) is fixed on the folding plate (24), and the swing rod (36) and the limit rod (38) are movably connected. When the folding plate (24) has an included angle, the limit rod (38) is located in the through hole four (41), and when the folding plate (24) is unfolded to a horizontal position, the limit rod (38) is separated from the through hole four (41).

3. A crude distillation tower according to claim 2, characterized in that: A movable frame (37) is horizontally slidably assembled on the guide tube (33), the limiting rod (38) moves synchronously with the movable frame (37), the movable frame (37) is provided with a second through hole (39), and the swing rod (36) is always located in the second through hole (39).

4. A crude distillation tower according to claim 3, characterized in that: A portion of the partition rod (22) is located above the tower plate (21), and a portion of the partition rod (22) is located below the tower plate (21). When the folding plate (24) and the tower plate (21) rotate to a horizontal state, the circular shaft (35) fits against a side wall of the long hole (32) close to the folding axis of the folding plate (24), and the partition rod (22) fits against a side wall of the groove three (26) close to the folding axis of the folding plate (24).

5. A crude distillation tower according to claim 4, characterized in that: A plurality of support rods (30) are detachably mounted on both ends of the folding plate (24). The folding plate (24) is unfolded to a horizontal position and moved upward so that the top surfaces of the support rods (30) vertically press against the bottommost tower plate (21).

6. A crude distillation tower according to claim 5, characterized in that: The bottom plate (3) is equipped with a support seat (15) so that a gap exists between the bottom plate (3) and the ground. The bottom plate (3) is provided with a drainage hole (16). The drainage hole (16) is internally threadedly connected to a drainage pipe (17). The drainage pipe (17) is used to push the folding plate (24) to unfold to a horizontal position and move upward.

7. A crude distillation tower according to claim 6, characterized in that: The rotating rod (11) is rotatably mounted on the fixing seat (10); a groove one (9) is provided on the tower shell (1); the groove one (9) is used to accommodate the fixing seat (10) and the rotating rod (11) rotated to a vertical state; a torsion spring (14) is mounted between the rotating rod (11) and the fixing seat (10); the torsion spring (14) has elastic potential energy for causing the rotating rod (11) to rotate downward to a horizontal state.

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