A machine tool fixture capable of making a workpiece perpendicular to a main axis

Abstract

The present invention discloses a machine tool fixture capable of making a workpiece perpendicular to a main shaft, comprising a chuck, a clamping jaw, and a workpiece, wherein the chuck is connected to the main shaft of the machine tool and driven to rotate by the main shaft, a plurality of clamping jaws slide on the chuck for clamping the workpiece, and each clamping jaw is provided with a set of calibration components, the calibration components can adjust the workpiece so that the end face of the workpiece is perpendicular to the main shaft, and the plurality of calibration components are driven by a driving mechanism, and the driving mechanism is provided on the chuck. The present invention calibrates the end face of the workpiece by providing a calibration component, and the calibration disk is pushed and adjusted so that the workpiece can be clamped on the chuck in a manner that the end face is perpendicular to the main shaft, and the calibration component has different movement modes through different use modes of the driving mechanism, so as to calibrate according to different sizes of the workpiece to achieve verticality, avoid collision between the calibration disks and cause damage, and at the same time do not affect the rotation of the main shaft, facilitate adjustment, and ensure that the end face of the workpiece is perpendicular to the main shaft, so as to avoid processing errors and waste of raw materials.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of numerically controlled machine tools, in particular to a machine tool fixture capable of making a workpiece perpendicular to a main axis. Background Art

[0002] In the process of mechanical processing, it is often encountered that the workpiece clamped by the chuck is not perpendicular to the axis of the spindle, whether it is a three-jaw chuck or a four-jaw chuck. Especially when processing workpieces of relatively small size, because the position of the workpiece is not uniform when it is clamped by the jaws, the workpiece swings. The problem of the end face of the workpiece not being perpendicular to the spindle is particularly prominent, which causes particularly large errors during processing, resulting in a large amount of waste of raw materials. Summary of the invention

[0003] The object of the present invention is to provide a machine tool fixture capable of making a workpiece perpendicular to a main axis, so as to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a machine tool fixture capable of making a workpiece perpendicular to a spindle, comprising a chuck, jaws, and a workpiece, wherein the chuck is connected to the machine tool spindle and is driven to rotate by the spindle, and a plurality of jaws slide on the chuck to clamp the workpiece, and each of the jaws is provided with a set of calibration components, which can adjust the workpiece so that the end face of the workpiece is perpendicular to the spindle, and the plurality of calibration components are driven by a driving mechanism, and the driving mechanism is provided on the chuck.

[0005] Preferably, the calibration assembly includes a calibration disk, which is arranged perpendicular to the machine tool spindle. The calibration disk is fixedly connected to a screw rod, one end of which enters a claw and is slidably connected to the calibration shaft. The calibration shaft is a spline shaft, and the screw rod is threadedly connected to a nut, which is fixed on the claw. The calibration shaft is rotatably connected to the claw, and the calibration shaft is driven by a transmission assembly.

[0006] Preferably, the transmission assembly includes a fixed block, which is fixedly connected under the claw, and a driving sleeve is rotatably connected in the fixed block, and the driving sleeve is slidably connected to the spline part of the driving shaft, and the driving shaft is rotatably connected in the chuck, and a driving bevel tooth is fixedly connected to the driving sleeve, and the driving bevel tooth is meshed with the calibration bevel tooth, and the calibration bevel tooth is fixedly connected to a calibration sprocket through a shaft, and the calibration sprocket drives another calibration sprocket to rotate through a chain, and the other calibration sprocket is fixedly connected to the lower end of the calibration shaft, and the calibration sprocket is rotatably connected in the claw, and the calibration bevel tooth and the driving bevel tooth are rotatably connected in the fixed block, and the fixed block is slidably connected in the chuck.

[0007] Preferably, the driving mechanism includes a calibration ring, which is rotatably and slidably connected to the chuck. Inside the calibration ring, a circle of synchronous teeth is provided on one side wall, and an arc-shaped asynchronous teeth is provided on the opposite wall. The synchronous teeth can mesh with multiple synchronous gears at the same time, and the asynchronous teeth can only mesh with one asynchronous gear at the same time. The synchronous gear is fixedly connected to one end of the driving shaft extending out of the chuck, and the asynchronous gear is rotatably connected outside the chuck. The driving shaft and the asynchronous gear are respectively fixedly connected to an asynchronous sprocket, and the asynchronous sprockets rotate synchronously through chains. A plurality of floating components and a plurality of control components are also provided in the calibration ring. The floating component is used to make the calibration ring float to avoid affecting the workpiece processing, and the control component is used to control the meshing of the calibration ring with the synchronous gear and the asynchronous gear.

[0008] Preferably, the floating assembly includes two spread rods, one end of which is hinged on the outer edge through a torsion spring, the outer edge is fixed outside the chuck, and the two spread rods are mirror-symmetrically arranged along the outer edge. The spread rods support the two side walls of the calibration ring so that the calibration ring is neither engaged with the synchronous gear nor with the asynchronous gear when not in use.

[0009] Preferably, the control component includes a pushing rod, which can slide on the chuck by pushing the calibration ring, the middle part of the pushing rod is fixedly connected to one end of the moving block, the other end of the moving block is fixedly connected to the moving screw, the moving screw is threadedly connected to the moving nut, the moving block and the moving screw are slidingly connected in the chuck, the moving nut is rotatably connected in the chuck, teeth are provided on the outside of the moving nut and are partially exposed from the chuck, multiple moving nuts are meshed with the same control ring teeth, and the control ring teeth are rotatably connected to the outside of the chuck.

[0010] Preferably, a ball is provided at one end of the spreading rod away from the outer edge, and the ball is rollingly connected to the calibration ring.

[0011] Preferably, balls are provided at both ends of the push rod, and the balls are connected to the calibration ring by rolling.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention calibrates the end face of the workpiece by setting a calibration component, and pushes and adjusts the workpiece through the calibration disk so that the end face is clamped on the chuck in a manner that the workpiece is perpendicular to the spindle, and the calibration component has different movement modes through different usage modes of the driving mechanism, so that calibration is performed according to the different sizes of the workpiece to achieve verticality and avoid damage caused by collision between the calibration disks. At the same time, it does not affect the rotation of the spindle, facilitates adjustment, and ensures that the end face of the workpiece is perpendicular to the spindle, so as to avoid processing errors and waste of raw materials. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the present invention;

[0014] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention without the calibration ring;

[0015] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A local enlarged view of point A;

[0016] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the calibration component of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of a synchronous gear and an asynchronous gear of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the control component of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the floating assembly of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the calibration ring of the present invention;

[0021] Fig. 9 This is a schematic structural diagram of another viewing angle calibration ring of the present invention.

[0022] In the figure: 1, chuck, 2, claw, 3, workpiece, 4, calibration disk, 401, screw, 402, nut, 403, calibration shaft, 404, calibration sprocket, 405, calibration bevel gear, 406, driving bevel gear, 407, driving sleeve, 408, fixing block, 409, driving shaft, 5, calibration ring, 501, synchronous gear, 502, asynchronous gear, 503, asynchronous sprocket, 504, pushing rod, 505, moving block, 506, moving screw, 507, moving nut, 508, control ring gear, 509, opening rod, 510, outer edge. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] See also Figure 1-9In order to solve the problem that the end face of the workpiece is not perpendicular to the spindle during machining, the end face of the workpiece is calibrated by setting a calibration component, and the workpiece can be clamped on the chuck in a manner that the end face is perpendicular to the spindle by pushing and adjusting the calibration disk, and the calibration component has different movement modes through different use modes of the driving mechanism, so as to calibrate according to the different sizes of the workpiece to achieve verticality, avoid damage caused by collision between the calibration disks, and at the same time do not affect the rotation of the spindle, facilitate adjustment, ensure that the end face of the workpiece is perpendicular to the spindle, so as to avoid machining errors and material waste. The present invention provides a technical solution: a machine tool fixture that can make the workpiece perpendicular to the spindle, including a chuck 1, a clamping jaw 2, and a workpiece 3, the chuck 1 is connected to the machine tool spindle and driven to rotate by the spindle, a plurality of clamping jaws 2 slide on the chuck 1 for clamping the workpiece 3, each clamping jaw 2 is provided with a set of calibration components, the calibration component can adjust the workpiece 3 so that the end face of the workpiece 3 is perpendicular to the spindle, and the plurality of calibration components are driven by the driving mechanism, and the driving mechanism is provided on the chuck 1. When in use, the workpiece 3 is mounted on the chuck 1 and initially clamped by the jaws 2 to preliminarily determine the position of the workpiece 3. At this time, the workpiece 3 cannot be clamped too tightly and a margin for movement must be left. Then, the calibration method is determined according to the size of the workpiece 3. Then, the drive mechanism is adjusted to the corresponding state, and the drive mechanism is used to drive the calibration component to move to calibrate the workpiece 3 until the end face of the workpiece 3 is perpendicular to the spindle. At this time, secondary clamping is performed, and the jaws 2 are continued to be tightened to firmly fix the workpiece 3. At this time, processing can be carried out.

[0025] In order to ensure that the end face of the workpiece can be perpendicular to the main shaft, a calibration component is provided, which includes a calibration disk 4. The calibration disk 4 is arranged perpendicular to the main shaft of the machine tool. Multiple calibration disks 4 extend out of the workpiece 3 at the same distance. The calibration disk 4 is fixedly connected to the screw rod 401. One end of the screw rod 401 enters the claw 2 and is slidingly connected to the calibration shaft 403. The calibration shaft 403 is a spline shaft. The screw rod 401 is threadedly connected to the nut 402, and the nut 402 is fixed on the claw 2. The calibration shaft 403 is rotatably connected to the claw 2, and the calibration shaft 403 is driven by the transmission assembly. When in use, the calibration shaft 403 is driven to rotate by the transmission assembly, and the calibration shaft 403 drives the screw rod 401 to rotate. During the rotation of the screw rod 401, due to the threaded connection with the nut 402, the screw rod 401 rotates and descends, and the screw rod 401 drives the calibration disk 4 to rotate and descend. Multiple calibration disks 4 are calibrated from three angles of the workpiece. During the rotation and descent process, the calibration disk 4 will push the workpiece 3 to adjust until the end face of the workpiece 3 is completely in contact with the calibration disk 4. At this time, the workpiece 3 is perpendicular to the main axis.

[0026] In order to avoid affecting the clamping of the workpiece by the jaw 2, a transmission assembly is provided, which includes a fixed block 408, which is fixedly connected under the jaw 2, a driving sleeve 407 is rotatably connected in the fixed block 408, and the driving sleeve 407 is slidably connected to the spline part of the driving shaft 409, and the driving shaft 409 is rotatably connected in the chuck 1, and a driving bevel tooth 406 is fixedly connected to the driving sleeve 407, and the driving bevel tooth 406 is meshed with the calibration bevel tooth 405, and the calibration bevel tooth 405 is fixedly connected to a calibration sprocket 404 through an axis, and the calibration sprocket 404 drives another calibration sprocket 404 to rotate through a chain, and the other calibration sprocket 404 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the calibration shaft 403, and the calibration sprocket 404 is rotatably connected in the jaw 2, and the calibration bevel tooth 405 and the driving bevel tooth 406 are rotatably connected in the fixed block 408, and the fixed block 408 is slidably connected in the chuck 1. During the movement of the claw 2, the claw 2 drives the fixed block 408 to move, and the fixed block 408 drives the driving sleeve 407 to move. At this time, as long as the driving shaft 409 does not rotate, the calibration disk 4 will not be started; after the initial clamping is completed, the driving shaft 409 is rotated through the driving mechanism, and the driving shaft 409 drives the driving sleeve 407 to rotate, and the driving sleeve 407 drives the driving bevel gear 406 to rotate, and the driving bevel gear 406 drives the calibration bevel gear 405 to rotate, and the calibration bevel gear 405 drives the calibration sprocket 404 to rotate, and the two calibration sprockets 404 rotate synchronously through the chain, and the calibration sprocket 404 drives the calibration shaft 403 to rotate, thereby starting the calibration disk 4.

[0027] In order to drive the calibration disk 4, a driving mechanism is provided, which includes a calibration ring 5, which is rotatably and slidably connected to the chuck 1. Inside the calibration ring 5, a circle of synchronous teeth is provided on one side wall, and an arc-shaped asynchronous tooth is provided on the opposite wall. The synchronous teeth can mesh with multiple synchronous gears 501 at the same time, and the asynchronous teeth can only mesh with one asynchronous gear 502 at the same time. The synchronous gear 501 is fixedly connected to one end of the drive shaft 409 extending out of the chuck 1, and the asynchronous gear 502 is rotatably connected to the outside of the chuck 1. The drive shaft 409 and the asynchronous gear 502 are respectively fixedly connected to an asynchronous sprocket 503, and the asynchronous sprocket 503 rotates synchronously through a chain. A plurality of floating components and a plurality of control components are also provided in the calibration ring 5. The floating component is used to float the calibration ring 5 to avoid affecting the processing of the workpiece 3, and the control component is used to control the meshing of the calibration ring 5 with the synchronous gear 501 and the asynchronous gear 502. The multiple calibration disks 4 rotate synchronously or asynchronously according to the size of the workpiece 3. When the workpiece 3 is small, the asynchronous rotation method is used to avoid collision between the multiple calibration disks 4. When the workpiece 3 is large, the workpiece 3 is adjusted and calibrated by synchronous rotation to achieve multi-angle calibration of the workpiece 3 to ensure that its end face is perpendicular to the main axis. When in use, the control component is started, and the control component drives the calibration ring 5 to move. At this time, the floating component is deformed by force, and the synchronous teeth or asynchronous teeth in the calibration ring 5 are meshed with the synchronous gear 501 or the asynchronous gear 502. When the synchronous teeth are used When the calibration ring 5 rotates, it drives multiple synchronous gears 501 to rotate simultaneously, and the synchronous gears 501 drive the drive shaft 409 to rotate. When the asynchronous gear is used, the calibration ring 5 rotates to drive an asynchronous gear 502 to rotate, and the asynchronous gear 502 drives the asynchronous sprocket 503 to rotate. The two asynchronous sprockets 503 rotate synchronously through the chain, and the asynchronous sprocket 503 drives the drive shaft 409 to rotate. Through the coordination of the asynchronous teeth, asynchronous sprockets 503 and other structures, when the asynchronous teeth pass through an asynchronous gear 502 once, the calibration disk 4 rotates an integer multiple of 2π to ensure that the calibration disk 4 will not collide. After use, reverse the calibration ring 5 to reset the calibration disk 4, and ensure that the calibration disk 4 does not block the workpiece 3 before processing.

[0028] In order to ensure that the calibration ring 5 does not affect the calibration disk 4 when not in use, a floating assembly is provided. The floating assembly includes two spreading rods 509. One end of the spreading rod 509 is hinged on the outer edge 510 through a torsion spring. The outer edge 510 is fixed outside the chuck 1. The two spreading rods 509 are arranged symmetrically along the outer edge 510. The one end of the spreading rod 509 away from the outer edge 510 is provided with a ball. The ball rolls to connect the calibration ring 5. The spreading rod 509 supports the two side walls of the calibration ring 5, so that the calibration ring 5 is neither meshed with the synchronous gear 501 nor with the asynchronous gear 502 when not in use. When not in use, the two spreading rods 509 support the calibration ring 5, so that the calibration ring 5 is neither meshed with the synchronous gear 501 nor with the asynchronous gear 502. When it is needed to be used, the spreading rod 509 on one side is pressed down, the torsion spring is stressed, and the calibration ring 5 is rotated at this time. The spreading rod 509 is connected to the calibration ring 5 through the ball rolling.

[0029] In order to control the meshing of the calibration ring 5, a control assembly is provided, which includes a push rod 504, which can push the calibration ring 5 to slide on the chuck 1, and the middle of the push rod 504 is fixedly connected to one end of the moving block 505, and the other end of the moving block 505 is fixedly connected to the moving screw 506, and the moving screw 506 is threadedly connected to the moving nut 507, and the moving block 505 and the moving screw 506 are slidably connected in the chuck 1, and the moving nut 507 is rotatably connected in the chuck 1, and the outside of the moving nut 507 is provided with teeth and partially exposed from the chuck 1, and multiple moving nuts 507 are meshed with the same control ring teeth 508, and the control ring teeth 508 are rotatably connected to the outside of the chuck 1. Balls are provided at both ends of the push rod 504, and the ball bearings are rollingly connected to the calibration ring 5. When not in use, the push rod 504 is in the middle position of the calibration ring 5 and does not apply force to the calibration ring 5; when the position of the calibration ring 5 needs to be adjusted, the control ring teeth 508 are rotated, and the control ring teeth 508 drive multiple moving nuts 507 to rotate. The movement of the moving nuts 507 causes the moving screw 506 to rise or fall, and the moving screw 506 drives the moving block 505 to move, and the moving block 505 drives the push rod 504 to move, and the push rod 504 pushes the calibration ring 5 to engage with the corresponding gear; when the calibration ring 5 rotates, the ball on the push rod 504 rolls and connects with it.

[0030] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A machine tool fixture capable of making a workpiece perpendicular to a main axis, comprising a chuck (1), a clamping jaw (2), and a workpiece (3), wherein the chuck (1) is connected to the main axis of the machine tool and is driven to rotate by the main axis, and a plurality of clamping jaws (2) slide on the chuck (1) to clamp the workpiece (3), characterized in that: Each of the clamping jaws (2) is provided with a set of calibration components, which can adjust the workpiece (3) so that the end surface of the workpiece (3) is perpendicular to the main axis, and the multiple sets of calibration components are driven by a driving mechanism, and the driving mechanism is arranged on the chuck (1); The calibration component comprises a calibration disk (4), the calibration disk (4) being arranged perpendicular to the main shaft of the machine tool, the calibration disk (4) being fixedly connected to a screw rod (401), one end of the screw rod (401) entering into a clamping claw (2) and being slidably connected to a calibration shaft (403), the calibration shaft (403) being a spline shaft, the screw rod (401) being threadedly connected to a nut (402), the nut (402) being fixed on the clamping claw (2), the calibration shaft (403) being rotatably connected to the clamping claw (2), and the calibration shaft (403) being driven by a transmission component; The transmission assembly comprises a fixed block (408), the fixed block (408) is fixedly connected under the pawl (2), a driving sleeve (407) is rotatably connected in the fixed block (408), the driving sleeve (407) is slidably connected to the spline portion of the driving shaft (409), the driving shaft (409) is rotatably connected in the chuck (1), a driving bevel tooth (406) is fixedly connected to the driving sleeve (407), the driving bevel tooth (406) is meshed with the calibration bevel tooth (405), and the calibration bevel tooth (405) is fixedly connected to a calibration sprocket (404) through an axis, the calibration sprocket (404) drives another calibration sprocket (404) to rotate through a chain, the other calibration sprocket (404) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the calibration shaft (403), the calibration sprocket (404) is rotatably connected to the claw (2), the calibration bevel gear (405) and the driving bevel gear (406) are rotatably connected to the fixed block (408), and the fixed block (408) is slidably connected to the chuck (1); The driving mechanism comprises a calibration ring (5), wherein the calibration ring (5) is rotatably and slidably connected to the chuck (1); a circle of synchronous teeth is arranged on one side wall surface of the calibration ring (5); and an arc-shaped asynchronous tooth is arranged on the opposite wall surface; the synchronous teeth can mesh with a plurality of synchronous gears (501) at the same time, and the asynchronous teeth can mesh with only one asynchronous gear (502) at the same time; the synchronous gear (501) is fixedly connected to one end of the driving shaft (409) extending out of the chuck (1); the asynchronous gear (502) is rotatably connected to the outside of the chuck (1); the driving shaft (409) and the asynchronous gear (502) are respectively fixedly connected to an asynchronous sprocket (503); the asynchronous sprocket (503) rotates synchronously through a chain; and a plurality of floating components and a plurality of control components are further arranged in the calibration ring (5); the floating component is used to make the calibration ring (5) float to avoid affecting the processing of the workpiece (3); and the control component is used to control the meshing of the calibration ring (5) with the synchronous gear (501) and the asynchronous gear (502).

2. A machine tool fixture capable of making a workpiece perpendicular to the main axis according to claim 1, characterized in that: The floating assembly comprises two spreading rods (509), one end of the spreading rods (509) is hinged on an outer edge (510) through a torsion spring, the outer edge (510) is fixed outside the chuck (1), the two spreading rods (509) are arranged along the outer edge (510) in a mirror-symmetrical manner, and the spreading rods (509) support the two side walls of the calibration ring (5), so that the calibration ring (5) is neither engaged with the synchronous gear (501) nor engaged with the asynchronous gear (502) when not in use.

3. A machine tool fixture capable of making a workpiece perpendicular to a main axis according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control assembly comprises a push rod (504), wherein the push rod (504) can slide on the chuck (1) by pushing the calibration ring (5); the middle part of the push rod (504) is fixedly connected to one end of a moving block (505); the other end of the moving block (505) is fixedly connected to a moving screw (506); the moving screw (506) is threadedly connected to a moving nut (507); the moving block (505) and the moving screw (506) are slidably connected in the chuck (1); the moving nut (507) is rotatably connected in the chuck (1); teeth are arranged outside the moving nut (507) and are partially exposed from the chuck (1); a plurality of moving nuts (507) are meshed with the same control ring teeth (508); and the control ring teeth (508) are rotatably connected to the outside of the chuck (1).

4. A machine tool fixture capable of making a workpiece perpendicular to a main axis according to claim 2, characterized in that: A ball is provided at one end of the spreading rod (509) away from the outer edge (510), and the ball is connected to the calibration ring (5) in a rolling manner.

5. The machine tool fixture capable of making a workpiece perpendicular to the main axis according to claim 3, characterized in that: Ball bearings are provided at both ends of the push rod (504), and the ball bearings are connected to the calibration ring (5) in a rolling manner.

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