A production process for carbon materials used to adsorb toxic substances in dialysate.

Abstract

This invention discloses a production process for a carbon material used to adsorb toxic substances from dialysate, comprising the following steps: S1, crushing fruit shells; S2, mixing the selected fruit shells with a cellulase solution and performing full enzymatic hydrolysis in an enzymatic hydrolysis chamber; S3, mixing the hydrolyzed fruit shells with a phosphoric acid solution and impregnating them in an oven; S4, filtering the impregnated fruit shells and drying them in an oven; S5, placing the dried fruit shells in a tube furnace for carbonization and activation treatment; S6, washing the activated material with clean water and recovering the phosphoric acid; S7, after drying, an adsorbent carbon material with a well-developed meso- and macroporous pore structure and a high specific surface area is obtained. Compared with the prior art, this invention uses an enzymatic hydrolysis method, which allows the activator to fully penetrate into the interior of the fruit shell, causing some biomass components in the fruit shell to dissolve and form channels, facilitating the penetration of the activator solution and improving the adsorption effect of the carbon material.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of adsorbent carbon material production technology, specifically to a production process for carbon materials used to adsorb toxic substances from dialysis fluid. Background Technology

[0002] Hemodialysis involves draining blood from the body and circulating it in a dialysis machine. During circulation, the blood exchanges fluid with the dialysis membrane. After four hours of circulation, the blood is purified and returned to the body. This method is primarily used for patients with uremia. During the regeneration of the dialysis fluid, large molecules in the blood, such as proteins and proteases, need to be removed. Adsorption of these large molecular toxic substances is mainly achieved using adsorption carbon materials. Currently, materials used to remove large molecular toxic substances are primarily inorganic, such as zirconia spheres and zeolites. While these materials exhibit good adsorption selectivity for large molecules, their adsorption capacity is limited due to their inherent material properties. Carbon materials, as adsorbents, possess excellent characteristics such as high pore volume and high specific surface area. The raw material for such carbon materials is biomass shells. However, biomass shells are dense, making it difficult for activators to penetrate significantly into the biomass raw material under normal pressure and temperature, resulting in insufficient activation and hindering the production of high-quality carbon materials.

[0003] In view of this, the applicant conducted in-depth research on the above-mentioned issues, which led to this case. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The main objective of this invention is to provide a production process for carbon materials used to adsorb toxic substances in dialysis fluid, which can effectively solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the solution of the present invention is:

[0006] A production process for a carbon material used to adsorb toxic substances from dialysate, characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0007] S1. Crush the fruit shells to a mesh size of 30×80 mesh, accounting for >90%; the fruit shells can be walnut shells, apricot shells, jujube shells, coconut shells, etc.

[0008] S2. Mix the selected fruit shells with 10-30% cellulase solution at a ratio of 1:2, and then carry out full enzymatic hydrolysis in an enzymatic hydrolysis chamber;

[0009] S3. Mix the enzymatically hydrolyzed fruit shells with a 50-70% phosphoric acid solution in a certain proportion, and then place them in an oven at 70-90℃ for 12-24 hours.

[0010] S4. Filter the soaked fruit shells and place them in an oven at 120-150℃ for 2 hours;

[0011] S5. Place the dried fruit shells in a tube furnace for carbonization and activation treatment;

[0012] S6. Wash the activated material with clean water and recover the phosphoric acid;

[0013] S7. After drying, an adsorbent carbon material with a well-developed medium- and large pore structure and a high specific surface area is obtained.

[0014] Furthermore, the enzymatic hydrolysis in the S2 enzymatic hydrolysis chamber is maintained at a temperature of 25-31℃ for 48-72 hours. During the enzymatic hydrolysis process, sampling and observation are required every 12 hours.

[0015] Furthermore, the solid-liquid mass ratio of the fruit shell to the phosphoric acid solution in S3 is 1:1 to 1:2.

[0016] Furthermore, in step S5, the tubular furnace is first heated according to the program, increasing the temperature by 3-10°C per minute to 280-300°C, carbonizing for 2-3 hours, and then increasing the temperature to 450-600°C at the same rate for activation for 60-120 minutes.

[0017] Furthermore, the enzymatic hydrolysis box used in S2 includes a main body, a heating device, a fan, a curtain mechanism, and a loading mechanism. The front side wall of the main body has a feed inlet, and a door is provided at the feed inlet. The side of the door is rotatably connected to the main body. The interior of the main body has an enzymatic hydrolysis chamber, a flow guiding chamber, and a circulation chamber. The heating device, curtain mechanism, and loading mechanism are located in the enzymatic hydrolysis chamber. The bottom of the enzymatic hydrolysis chamber has a bottom plate, and the bottom plate has a first flow guiding port communicating with the flow guiding chamber. The side wall of the circulation chamber has a side plate, the upper end of which has a second flow guiding port communicating with the enzymatic hydrolysis chamber, and the lower end of which has a third flow guiding port communicating with the enzymatic hydrolysis chamber. The fan is installed in the circulation chamber and is inclinedly located on the side of the second flow guiding port.

[0018] Furthermore, the bottom plate is provided with a plurality of inclined first guide plates, which gradually tilt from top to bottom toward the rear side of the main body, and the tilt angle of the first guide plate on the rear side is greater than the tilt angle of the first guide plate on the front side.

[0019] Furthermore, several fourth flow guide ports are provided on the side wall of the side plate. The fourth flow guide ports connect the enzymatic hydrolysis chamber and the circulation chamber. The fourth flow guide port is provided with a second flow guide plate on the side wall near the enzymatic hydrolysis chamber. The second flow guide plate gradually tilts towards the front side from top to bottom and tilts to block the fourth flow guide port.

[0020] Furthermore, the curtain mechanism includes a rotating shaft, an upper positioning plate, a lower positioning plate, a curtain panel, magnetic blocks, a guide wheel, and a steel rope. The rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the main housing. The upper end of the rotating shaft extends out of the housing and is equipped with an operating lever. The sides of the upper and lower positioning plates are fixedly connected to the rotating shaft. The upper and lower ends of the curtain panel are provided with grooves, and several magnetic blocks are fixedly connected to the grooves. The curtain panels are magnetically connected to each other through the magnetic blocks. The uppermost curtain panel is fixedly connected to the lower end of the upper positioning plate. The guide wheel is rotatably connected to the front side wall of the upper positioning plate. The rotating shaft and the operating lever are provided with a rope guide hole. One end of the steel rope is fixedly connected to the lowermost curtain panel, and the other end of the steel rope is wound around the guide wheel and passes through the rope guide hole and out from the lower end of the operating lever.

[0021] Furthermore, the loading mechanism includes a guide rail, an adapter seat, a guide chain, a motor, and a loading plate. The guide rail has symmetrically distributed first guide grooves, and a second guide groove is provided between the first guide grooves. The sidewall of the first guide groove has positioning teeth distributed in a vertical direction. The guide chain is correspondingly arranged on the side of the first guide groove and is driven by a motor located at the upper end of the main body. The adapter seat is located on the side of the guide rail and has a guide block that is slidably connected to the second guide groove. The adapter seat has a first through hole for the guide chain to pass through and a horizontally arranged sliding groove. The sliding groove communicates with the first through hole and has an insertion block mechanism inside the sliding groove. The insertion block mechanism can switch between locking the adapter seat with the first guide groove or locking it with the guide chain. Both ends of the loading plate are locked with the adapter seat.

[0022] Furthermore, the insertion block mechanism includes an insertion block body, a spring, and an electromagnet. The insertion block body is slidably connected within the slide groove. The end of the insertion block body near the first guide groove is provided with a first insertion part, which can be engaged with the positioning teeth. The end of the insertion block body near the first through hole is provided with a second insertion part, which can be fixed by a guide chain. Iron plates are fixedly connected on both sides of the insertion block body. Guide posts are provided on both sides of the slide groove. The iron plates and guide posts are slidably connected to each other. The electromagnet is provided on the side of the guide post near the first through hole. The spring is sleeved on the guide post, with one end of the spring abutting against the iron plate and the other end abutting against the electromagnet.

[0023] Compared with existing technologies, the advantages of this invention lie in its use of enzymatic hydrolysis, which allows the activator to fully penetrate the interior of the fruit shell. This enables some biomass components in the shell to dissolve, forming channels that facilitate the penetration of the activator solution and enhance the adsorption effect of the charcoal material. Furthermore, the use of an enzymatic hydrolysis chamber in this invention effectively reduces temperature and humidity fluctuations within the hydrolysis chamber during sampling, improving hydrolysis efficiency and allowing the temperature and humidity within the hydrolysis chamber to recover quickly after sampling. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the process of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional view of the external structure of the enzyme digestion chamber.

[0026] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the enzymatic digestion chamber.

[0027] Figure 4 This is a side view of the cross-sectional structure of the enzymatic digestion chamber.

[0028] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of another cross-sectional structure of the enzymatic digestion chamber.

[0029] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the door curtain structure.

[0030] Figure 7 for Figure 5 A magnified view of a portion of region B in the middle.

[0031] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional side view of the adapter connection structure.

[0032] Figure 9 This is a top cross-sectional view of the adapter connection structure.

[0033] Figure 10 for Figure 4 A magnified view of a portion of region A in the middle.

[0034] In the diagram: Main chamber 1, fan 11, feed inlet 12, door 13, enzymatic hydrolysis chamber 141, flow guide chamber 142, circulation chamber 143, bottom plate 15, first flow guide port 151, side plate 16, second flow guide port 161, third flow guide port 162, fourth flow guide port 163, first flow guide plate 17, second flow guide plate 18, curtain mechanism 2, rotating shaft 21, operating lever 211, upper positioning plate 22, lower positioning plate 23, curtain panel 24, groove 241. Magnetic block 25. Guide wheel 26. Steel rope 27. Loading mechanism 3. Guide rail 31. First guide groove 311. Second guide groove 312. Conductive track 3121. Positioning tooth 313. Guide chain 32. Loading plate 33. Motor 34. Adapter seat 4. Guide block 41. First through hole 42. Slide groove 43. Insert block body 44. First insertion part 441. Second insertion part 442. Iron sheet 443. Spring 45. Electromagnet 46. Guide post 47. Detailed Implementation

[0035] To further explain the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention will be described in detail below through specific embodiments.

[0036] Example 1

[0037] The fruit shells are crushed, with a proportion greater than 90%. Peach shells, apricot shells, jujube shells, and coconut shells are preferred. The selected fruit shells are mixed with a 20% cellulase solution at a ratio of 1:2 and enzymatically hydrolyzed at 28℃ for 60 hours. The hydrolyzed fruit shells are then mixed evenly with a 60% phosphoric acid solution at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:1.5 and placed in an oven at 80℃ for 18 hours. The soaked fruit shells are filtered and placed in an oven at 140℃ for 2 hours. The dried fruit shells are then placed in a tube furnace and heated according to a programmed temperature increase of 3-10℃ per minute to 290℃ for 2.5 hours, followed by activation at the same rate to 550℃ for 90 minutes. The activated material is washed with water to recover the phosphoric acid. After drying, an adsorbent carbon material with a well-developed mesoporous and macroporous pore structure and a high specific surface area is obtained.

[0038] Example 2

[0039] The fruit shells are crushed, with a proportion greater than 90%. Peach shells, apricot shells, jujube shells, and coconut shells are preferred. The selected fruit shells are mixed with a 10% cellulase solution at a ratio of 1:2 and enzymatically hydrolyzed at 25℃ for 48 hours. The hydrolyzed fruit shells are then mixed evenly with a 50% phosphoric acid solution at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:1 and placed in an oven at 80℃ for 12 hours. The soaked fruit shells are filtered and placed in an oven at 140℃ for 2 hours. The dried fruit shells are then placed in a tube furnace and heated according to a programmed temperature increase of 3-10℃ per minute to 290℃ for 2.5 hours, followed by activation at the same rate to 550℃ for 90 minutes. The activated material is washed with clean water to recover the phosphoric acid. After drying, an adsorbent carbon material with a well-developed mesoporous and macroporous pore structure and a high specific surface area is obtained.

[0040] Example 3

[0041] The fruit shells are crushed, with a proportion greater than 90%. Peach shells, apricot shells, jujube shells, and coconut shells are preferred. The selected fruit shells are mixed with a 30% cellulase solution at a ratio of 1:2 and enzymatically hydrolyzed at 31℃ for 72 hours. The hydrolyzed fruit shells are then mixed evenly with a 70% phosphoric acid solution at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:2 and placed in an oven at 90℃ for 24 hours. The soaked fruit shells are filtered and placed in an oven at 140℃ for 2 hours. The dried fruit shells are then placed in a tube furnace and heated according to a programmed temperature increase of 3-10℃ per minute to 290℃ for 2.5 hours, followed by activation at the same rate to 550℃ for 90 minutes. The activated material is washed with water to recover the phosphoric acid. After drying, an adsorbent carbon material with a well-developed mesoporous and macroporous pore structure and a high specific surface area is obtained.

[0042] Comparative Example 1

[0043] The fruit shells are crushed, with a proportion greater than 90%. Peach shells, apricot shells, jujube shells, and coconut shells are preferred. The fruit shells are mixed evenly with a 60% phosphoric acid solution at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:1.5 and then placed in an oven at 80°C for 18 hours. The soaked fruit shells are filtered and placed in an oven at 140°C for 2 hours. The dried fruit shells are placed in a tube furnace and heated according to a programmed temperature increase of 3-10°C per minute to 290°C for 2.5 hours. Then, the temperature is increased to 550°C at the same rate for 90 minutes for activation. The activated material is washed with clean water to recover the phosphoric acid. After drying, an adsorbent carbon material with a well-developed mesoporous and macroporous pore structure and a high specific surface area is obtained.

[0044] The carbon adsorbents prepared according to Examples 1-3 and Comparative Example 1 were subjected to BWC testing (ASTM-D5228), and the test results are recorded in Table 1 below:

[0045] Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Comparative Example 1 Specific surface area 1989 2015 1979 1582 Average aperture 1.35 1.38 1.355 1.01 Total pore volume 2.71 2.739 2.738 2.55

[0046] Table 1

[0047] like Figure 2-10As shown, in step 2, it is necessary to sample and observe the enzymatic hydrolysis effect of the fruit shell every 12 hours. Therefore, the enzymatic hydrolysis box needs to be opened repeatedly. To avoid a large amount of high-temperature air from the outside entering the enzymatic hydrolysis chamber when the box is opened for sampling, which would damage the temperature and humidity environment inside the enzymatic hydrolysis chamber, and to restore the required temperature and humidity inside the enzymatic hydrolysis chamber as quickly as possible when the box door is closed, the enzymatic hydrolysis box of this invention includes a main box body 1, a heating device (not shown), a fan 11, a door curtain mechanism 2, and a loading mechanism 3. The front side wall of the main box body 1 has a feed inlet 12, and a box door 13 is provided at the feed inlet 12. The side of the box door 13 is rotatably connected to the main box body 1. A transparent observation port can be provided on the front side of the box door 13 to facilitate observation of the inside of the enzymatic hydrolysis chamber 141. The main chamber 1 contains an enzymatic hydrolysis chamber 141, a flow guiding chamber 142, and a circulation chamber 143. A heating device, a curtain mechanism 2, and a loading mechanism 3 are located within the enzymatic hydrolysis chamber 141. Additionally, a humidification device (not shown) is installed within the enzymatic hydrolysis chamber 141. The heating and humidification devices can be commercially available devices, which will not be elaborated upon here. The heating and humidification devices are located at the upper end of the enzymatic hydrolysis chamber 141 and can be controlled via a control panel on the outside of the main chamber 1 to adjust the temperature and humidity inside the enzymatic hydrolysis chamber 141. The bottom of the enzymatic hydrolysis chamber 141 is provided with a bottom plate 15, and the bottom plate 15 is provided with a first guide port 151 communicating with the guide chamber 142. The side wall of the circulation chamber 143 is provided with a side plate 16, the upper end of the side plate 16 is provided with a second guide port 161 communicating with the enzymatic hydrolysis chamber 141, and the lower end of the side plate 16 is provided with a third guide port 162 communicating with the enzymatic hydrolysis chamber 141. The fan 11 is installed in the circulation chamber 143 and is inclinedly arranged on the side of the second guide port 161. With the above structure, by starting the fan 11, the gas in the circulation chamber 143 enters the enzymatic hydrolysis chamber 141 through the second guide port 161, then flows into the guide chamber 142 through the first guide port 151, and finally flows back into the circulation chamber 143 through the third guide port 162, thereby achieving the effect of rapid gas circulation inside the main chamber 1. When the sampling door 13 is closed, the heat exchange efficiency of the internal gas can be effectively improved, so that the temperature and humidity inside the enzymatic hydrolysis chamber 141 can be restored to the required level as soon as possible.

[0048] In this embodiment, the base plate 15 is provided with several inclined first guide plates 17. The first guide plates 17 gradually tilt from top to bottom toward the rear side of the main housing 1, and the tilt angle of the first guide plates 17 on the rear side is greater than that of the first guide plates 17 on the front side. This allows the airflow in the enzymatic hydrolysis chamber 141 to be initially guided when entering the guide chamber 142, avoiding mutual impact between the guided gases and further improving the airflow rate. The side plate 16 is also provided with several fourth guide ports 163. The fourth guide ports 163 connect the enzymatic hydrolysis chamber 141 and the circulation chamber 143. The fourth guide ports 163 are provided with second guide plates 18 on the side wall near the enzymatic hydrolysis chamber 141. The second guide plates 18 gradually tilt from top to bottom toward the front side and tilt to block the fourth guide ports 163. When the circulating airflow flows from the third guide port 162 to the second guide port 161, it can draw the airflow from the side of the enzymatic hydrolysis chamber 141 near the side plate 16 into the circulation chamber 143 through the fourth guide port 163 along the guide of the second guide plate 18, thereby enhancing the gas circulation range inside the main chamber 1 and further enhancing the air circulation efficiency inside the main chamber 1.

[0049] In this embodiment, to further reduce the impact of external air on the air inside the enzymatic digestion chamber 141 when the door is opened, the door curtain mechanism 2 includes a rotating shaft 21, an upper positioning plate 22, a lower positioning plate 23, a door curtain panel 24, magnetic blocks 25, guide wheels 26, and a steel rope 27. The rotating shaft 21 is rotatably connected to the main housing 1. The upper end of the rotating shaft 21 extends out of the housing and is provided with a fixedly connected operating rod 211. The sides of the upper positioning plate 22 and the lower positioning plate 23 are fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 21. The door curtain panel 24 can be made of composite material. The upper and lower ends of the door curtain panel 24 are provided with grooves 241, and several magnetic blocks 25 are fixedly connected to the grooves 241. Each door curtain panel 24 is magnetically connected to each other through correspondingly arranged magnetic blocks 25. By rotating the door curtain panel 24 laterally, the magnetic blocks 25 between the door curtain panels 24 can be misaligned and the door curtain panels 24 can be separated. The uppermost curtain panel 24 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the upper positioning plate 22. The guide wheel 26 is rotatably connected to the front side wall of the upper positioning plate 22. The rotating shaft 21 and the operating rod 211 are provided with guide rope holes. One end of the steel rope 27 is fixedly connected to the lowermost curtain panel 24, and the other end of the steel rope 27 is wound around the guide wheel 26 and passes through the guide rope hole to the lower end of the operating rod 211. The main box 1 is provided with a clearance space at the feed inlet 12 for the curtain panel 24 to be rolled up. With the above structure, during enzymatic hydrolysis, the curtain panel 24 can be lifted from bottom to top by pulling the end of the steel rope 27 at the lower end of the operating rod 211, so that the enzymatic hydrolysis situation in the enzymatic hydrolysis chamber 141 can be observed through the observation port. During sampling, the door curtain 24 is lowered to block the feed inlet 12. At this time, the chamber door 13 is opened, and the door curtain 24 initially blocks external air. Then, by rotating the door curtain 24, a certain space is created, allowing sampling of the material within the enzymatic hydrolysis chamber 141. Finally, the door curtain 24 is magnetically reconnected, and the chamber door 13 is closed. This reduces convection between the enzymatic hydrolysis chamber 141 and external air, effectively reducing temperature and humidity changes within the chamber. It also effectively reduces the entry of water molecules from the external air into the chamber, thus minimizing their impact on the enzymatic hydrolysis effect. When storing or retrieving materials, the operating lever 211 drives the rotating shaft 21 to rotate, causing the door curtain 24 to rotate towards the side wall of the main chamber 1, thereby opening the feed inlet 12 for convenient storage and retrieval of the enzymatically hydrolyzed material.

[0050] In this embodiment, to facilitate the adjustment of the height of the material-carrying plate 33, the loading mechanism 3 includes a guide rail 31, an adapter 4, a guide chain 32, a motor 34, and a material-carrying plate 33. The guide rail 31 has four sections, which are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the main housing 1. The guide rail 31 has symmetrically distributed first guide grooves 311, with second guide grooves 312 between them. Positioning teeth 313 are vertically distributed on the sidewall of the first guide grooves 311. The guide chain 32 is correspondingly disposed on the side of the first guide grooves 311. The guide chain 32 passes through… The main housing 1 is synchronously driven by a motor 34 and a drive shaft located at the top. An adapter 4 is positioned on the side of the guide rail 31. The adapter 4 has a guide block 41 that slides through the second guide groove 312. The adapter 4 has a first through hole 42 for the guide chain 32 to pass through and a horizontally positioned slide groove 43. The slide groove 43 communicates with the first through hole 42. An insertion mechanism is located within the slide groove 43. This mechanism can switch between engaging the adapter 4 with the first guide groove 311 or engaging with the guide chain 32. Both ends of the carrying plate 33 are engaged with the adapter 4. Specifically, the insertion mechanism includes an insertion block body 44, a spring 45, and an electromagnet 46. The insertion block body 44 and the spring 45 are made of non-magnetic materials. The insert body 44 is slidably connected in the slide groove 43. The end of the insert body 44 near the first guide groove 311 is provided with a first insertion part 441, which can be engaged with the positioning tooth 313. The end of the insert body 44 near the first through hole 42 is provided with a second insertion part 442, which can be fixed by the guide chain 32. The two sides of the insert body 44 are provided with fixedly connected iron plates 443. The two sides of the slide groove 43 are provided with guide posts 47, and the iron plates 443 and the guide posts 47 are slidably connected to each other. The electromagnet 46 is provided on the side of the guide post 47 near the first through hole 42. The spring 45 is sleeved on the guide post 47, with one end of the spring 45 abutting against the iron plate 443 and the other end abutting against the electromagnet 46. The magnetic attraction of electromagnet 46 to iron sheet 443 is greater than the resisting force of spring 45. A conductive track 3121 is provided within the second guide groove 312. The conductive track 3121 can be controlled to conduct electricity via an external control panel. The circuit of electromagnet 46 can extend to the guide slider 41, allowing the circuit to contact the conductive track 3121 to control the opening or closing of electromagnet 46. Furthermore, there are two sliding grooves 43 on the same adapter 4, thus one adapter 4 has two sets of electromagnets 46. The two sets of electromagnets 46 are not energized simultaneously when switching power; instead, they are energized sequentially. That is, one set of electromagnets 46 is energized first, causing the second insertion part 442 to insert into the guide chain 32, and then the other set of electromagnets 46 is energized, causing the second insertion part 442 on the other side to insert into the guide chain 32. This avoids the phenomenon where the two sets of electromagnets 46 are energized simultaneously, causing both sets of first insertion parts 441 to separate from the positioning teeth 313 and resulting in the adapter 4 falling. This makes the switching and fixing of adapter 4 more stable.With the above structure, when the carrier plate 33 is fixed, the electromagnet 46 is not energized. At this time, the insert block body 44 inserts the first insertion part 441 into the positioning tooth 313 under the elastic force of the spring 45, thereby inserting and fixing the adapter 4 into the first guide groove 311. When the height of the carrying plate 33 needs to be adjusted, the two sets of electromagnets 46 on the same adapter 4 are energized one after another. Under the action of magnetic force, the iron piece 443 is attracted to the electromagnet 46, and the insertion body moves to the guide chain 32, so that the second insertion part 442 is inserted into one side of the guide chain 32 for fixation. At this time, the adapter 4 is fixedly connected to the guide chain 32. At this time, the motor 34 starts and drives the guide chain 32 to rotate. When the guide chain 32 is driven, it drives the adapter 4 and the carrying plate 33 to move up and down. When the carrying plate 33 moves to the specified height position, the two sets of electromagnets 46 on the same adapter 4 discharge one after another, so that the insertion block body 44 moves towards the guide rail 31 under the elastic force of the spring 45, inserts the first insertion part 441 into the positioning tooth 313, thereby fixing the adapter 4 on the guide rail 31 and fixing the carrying plate 33. Compared with the prior art, the above structure can adjust the height of the carrier plate 33. Since the heating device and humidification device are located at the upper part of the main box 1, the temperature and humidity at the upper part of the enzymatic hydrolysis chamber 141 will be higher. By adjusting the installation height of the carrier plate 33, the enzymatic hydrolysis temperature and humidity of the fruit shell can be further fine-tuned, thereby further improving the enzymatic hydrolysis efficiency.

[0051] The above embodiments and figures are not intended to limit the product form and style of the present invention. Any appropriate changes or modifications made by those skilled in the art should be considered as not departing from the patent scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A production process for a carbon material used to adsorb toxic substances from dialysate, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Crush the fruit shells to a mesh size of 30×80 mesh, accounting for >90%; S2. Mix the selected fruit shells with 10-30% cellulase solution at a ratio of 1:2, and then carry out full enzymatic hydrolysis in an enzymatic hydrolysis chamber; S3. Mix the enzymatically hydrolyzed fruit shells with a 50-70% phosphoric acid solution in a certain proportion, and then place them in an oven at 70-90℃ for 12-24 hours. S4. Filter the soaked fruit shells and place them in an oven at 120-150℃ for 2 hours; S5. Place the dried fruit shells in a tube furnace for carbonization and activation treatment; S6. Wash the activated material with clean water and recover the phosphoric acid; S7. After drying, an adsorbent carbon material with well-developed medium and large pore structure and high specific surface area is obtained; The enzymatic hydrolysis chamber used in S2 includes a main chamber, a heating device, a fan, a curtain mechanism, and a loading mechanism. The front side wall of the main chamber has a feed inlet, and a door is provided at the feed inlet. The side of the door is rotatably connected to the main chamber. The interior of the main chamber has an enzymatic hydrolysis chamber, a flow guiding chamber, and a circulation chamber. The heating device, curtain mechanism, and loading mechanism are located in the enzymatic hydrolysis chamber. The bottom of the enzymatic hydrolysis chamber has a bottom plate, and the bottom plate has a first flow guiding port that communicates with the flow guiding chamber. The side wall of the circulation chamber has a side plate, the upper end of which has a second flow guiding port that communicates with the enzymatic hydrolysis chamber, and the lower end of which has a third flow guiding port that communicates with the enzymatic hydrolysis chamber. The fan is installed in the circulation chamber and is inclined to the side of the second flow guiding port. The bottom plate is provided with several inclined first guide plates. The first guide plates gradually tilt from top to bottom toward the rear side of the main body, and the tilt angle of the first guide plate on the rear side is greater than the tilt angle of the first guide plate on the front side. The door curtain mechanism includes a rotating shaft, an upper positioning plate, a lower positioning plate, a door curtain panel, magnetic blocks, a guide wheel, and a steel rope. The rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the main housing. The upper end of the rotating shaft extends out of the housing and is equipped with an operating lever. The sides of the upper and lower positioning plates are fixedly connected to the rotating shaft. The upper and lower ends of the door curtain panel are provided with grooves, and several magnetic blocks are fixedly connected to the grooves. The door curtain panels are magnetically connected to each other through the magnetic blocks. The uppermost door curtain panel is fixedly connected to the lower end of the upper positioning plate. The guide wheel is rotatably connected to the front side wall of the upper positioning plate. The rotating shaft and the operating lever are provided with a rope guide hole. One end of the steel rope is fixedly connected to the lowermost door curtain panel, and the other end of the steel rope is wound around the guide wheel and passes through the rope guide hole and out from the lower end of the operating lever.

2. The production process of a carbon material for adsorbing toxic substances in dialysate as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The enzymatic hydrolysis chamber in S2 maintains a temperature of 25-31℃ and a hydrolysis time of 48-72 hours. During the hydrolysis process, samples need to be taken and observed every 12 hours.

3. The production process of a carbon material for adsorbing toxic substances in dialysate as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In S3, the solid-liquid mass ratio of the fruit shell to the phosphoric acid solution is 1:1 to 1:

2.

4. The production process of a carbon material for adsorbing toxic substances in dialysate as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step S5, the tubular furnace is first heated according to the program, increasing the temperature by 3-10℃ per minute to 280-300℃, carbonizing for 2-3 hours, and then increasing the temperature to 450-600℃ at the same rate for activation for 60-120 minutes.

5. The production process of a carbon material for adsorbing toxic substances in dialysate as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Several fourth flow guide ports are also provided on the side wall of the side plate. The fourth flow guide ports connect the enzymatic hydrolysis chamber and the circulation chamber. The fourth flow guide port is provided with a second flow guide plate on the side wall near the enzymatic hydrolysis chamber. The second flow guide plate gradually tilts towards the front side from top to bottom and tilts to block the fourth flow guide port.

6. The production process of a carbon material for adsorbing toxic substances in dialysate as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The loading mechanism includes a guide rail, an adapter seat, a guide chain, a motor, and a loading plate. The guide rail has symmetrically distributed first guide grooves, and a second guide groove is provided between the first guide grooves. The sidewall of the first guide groove has positioning teeth distributed in a vertical direction. The guide chain is correspondingly arranged on the side of the first guide groove. The guide chain is driven by a motor located at the upper end of the main body. The adapter seat is located on the side of the guide rail. The adapter seat has a guide slider that is slidably connected to the second guide groove. The adapter seat has a first through hole for the guide chain to pass through and a horizontally arranged sliding groove. The sliding groove communicates with the first through hole. An insertion block mechanism is provided in the sliding groove. The insertion block mechanism switches the adapter seat to be snapped into the first guide groove or snapped into the guide chain. Both ends of the loading plate are snapped into the adapter seat.

7. The production process of a carbon material for adsorbing toxic substances in dialysis fluid as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The insertion block mechanism includes an insertion block body, a spring, and an electromagnet. The insertion block body is slidably connected within a sliding groove. A first insertion part is provided at one end of the insertion block body near the first guide groove, which can abut and engage with a positioning tooth. A second insertion part is provided at one end of the insertion block body near the first through hole, which can be inserted and fixed with a guide chain. Iron plates are fixedly connected on both sides of the insertion block body. Guide posts are provided on both sides of the sliding groove, and the iron plates and guide posts are slidably connected to each other. The electromagnet is located on the side of the guide post near the first through hole. The spring is sleeved on the guide post, with one end of the spring abutting against the iron plate and the other end abutting against the electromagnet.

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