Shell and tube heat exchanger

Abstract

This patent application relates to the technical field of chemical equipment, and specifically discloses a shell-and-tube heat exchanger, which includes a shell, a spiral baffle assembly and a heat exchange tube assembly. The shell is provided with a first inlet, a first outlet, a second inlet and a second outlet; the spiral baffle assembly includes two spiral baffles distributed inside the shell, and encloses a connected screw-in cavity and a screw-out cavity, the screw-in cavity is connected to the second inlet, and the screw-out cavity is connected to the second outlet; the heat exchange tube assembly includes a plurality of heat exchange tubes passing through the screw-in cavity and the screw-out cavity, and connecting the first inlet and the first outlet. In this patent application, a spiral baffle assembly is installed in the shell to form a connected screw-in cavity and a screw-out cavity, thereby forming a shell side, and the liquid in the shell side exchanges heat with the tube side liquid in the heat exchange tube assembly, and the contact is sufficient, the heat exchange dead angle is eliminated, and the heat exchange efficiency is improved; and the heat exchanger proposed in this patent application has a simple structure, low manufacturing cost, large heat exchange area, small space occupation, and strong controllability of the heat exchange process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This patent application relates to the technical field of chemical equipment, and specifically proposes a shell-and-tube heat exchanger. Background Art

[0002] This section is used to explain content related to this patent application, which is not necessarily disclosed.

[0003] In the related art, the baffle structure of the shell and tube heat exchanger includes bow-shaped baffles, spiral baffles (such as patent CN203518776U) and baffle rods, which function to increase the flow velocity of the fluid in the shell side and increase the degree of turbulence, with the ultimate goal of improving the heat exchange efficiency.

[0004] Among them, the bow-shaped baffle is simple to process and has low manufacturing cost, but in terms of heat exchange efficiency, there is a large dead zone, serious leakage, and the effective heat exchange area is far smaller than the theoretical value. It is suitable for large chemical and polysilicon fields, but it is not very applicable to coal chemical, fine chemical and other fields, and the heat exchange efficiency is not high, resulting in the need to add a large margin in the process heat exchange calculation, and the material cost is high.

[0005] Theoretically, the inclination angles of the two end faces of the fixed-distance tubes within a period of spiral baffles are the same as the helix angle and are parallel to each other. However, due to errors in processing, assembly, and measurement, and the wide variety of fixed-distance tubes, disassembly is troublesome. Although the heat exchange efficiency is improved, the processing and manufacturing is difficult and the processing efficiency is low.

[0006] Although the flow resistance of the baffle rod is reduced and the heat exchange efficiency is improved, the processing and manufacturing is difficult and the processing efficiency is low. After the baffle rod is manufactured, it is difficult to accurately control the spacing between the baffle rods, the gap is uneven, the welding amount is large and it is easy to deform after welding, which ultimately leads to the inability to smoothly install the tube bundle, affecting product quality and construction period. Summary of the invention

[0007] The purpose of this patent application is to solve at least part of the technical problems mentioned above, and this purpose is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0008] The present invention proposes a shell-and-tube heat exchanger, which includes a shell, a spiral baffle assembly and a heat exchange tube assembly. Specifically, the shell is provided with a first inlet and a first outlet at both axial ends, and a second inlet and a second outlet are provided in the circumferential direction; the spiral baffle assembly includes two spiral baffles, which are respectively distributed in the shell along the circumferential direction of the shell in a spiral manner, and the two spiral baffles and the inner wall of the shell form a connected screw-in cavity and a screw-out cavity, the screw-in cavity is connected to the second inlet, and the screw-out cavity is connected to the second outlet; a pressure relief hole is provided on the circumferential surface of the spiral baffle; the heat exchange tube assembly includes a plurality of heat exchange tubes, which are distributed along the axial direction of the shell and penetrated in the screw-in cavity and the screw-out cavity, and the two ends of each heat exchange tube are respectively connected to the first inlet and the first outlet; the plurality of heat exchange tubes are distributed in at least two rows along the spiral direction of the spiral baffle assembly, and the heat exchange tubes in two adjacent rows are staggered.

[0009] In some embodiments, two tube sheets are provided at both axial ends of the shell, and both ends of the heat exchange tube assembly are respectively connected to the two tube sheets; a plurality of support plates are arranged between the two tube sheets to divide the interior of the shell into a plurality of chambers, and a group of spiral partition assemblies are respectively arranged in each chamber; and a plurality of support plates are passed through the heat exchange tube assembly.

[0010] In some embodiments, the support plate includes a partition plate, the plate surface of the partition plate matches the area enclosed by the radial cross-section of the shell, and the partition plate blocks two adjacent chambers; the second inlet and the second outlet are respectively located in the front and rear directions relative to the circumference of the shell; or, the second inlet and the second outlet are respectively located in the upper and lower directions relative to the circumference of the shell, and the second inlet is located below the shell, and the second outlet is located above the shell; the heat exchanger also includes a liquid separation box and a liquid collection box, the liquid separation box is provided with a second inlet and a plurality of liquid separation pipes, and the plurality of liquid separation pipes are respectively connected to the screw-in chambers in the plurality of chambers, and the liquid collection box is provided with a second outlet and a plurality of liquid collection pipes, and the plurality of liquid collection pipes are respectively connected to the screw-out chambers in the plurality of chambers.

[0011] In some embodiments, the flow area S1 of the second inlet is less than the cross-sectional flow area S2×2 of the liquid separation box, less than the flow area S3 of the liquid separation tube, and the number n of the liquid separation tubes, and less than the flow area S4 of the screw-in cavity and the number n of the liquid separation tubes.

[0012] In some embodiments, the support plate includes a baffle, the plate surface of the baffle is smaller than the area enclosed by the radial cross-section of the shell, and a flow gap is formed between the baffle and the inner wall of the shell, the flow gap connects two adjacent chambers, and the multiple flow gaps are staggered; the second inlet is located below one end of the shell in the axial direction, and the second outlet is located above the other end of the shell in the axial direction.

[0013] In some embodiments, spiral grooves are provided on the sides of the tube sheet and the support plate, and the spiral grooves match the radial cross-section of the spiral baffle assembly; the axial ends of the spiral baffle assembly are respectively clamped between the tube sheet and the support plate or between two adjacent support plates through the spiral grooves.

[0014] In some embodiments, the heat exchanger further comprises a tie rod assembly, wherein the tie rod assembly passes through a plurality of support plates along the axial direction of the shell, and both ends of the tie rod assembly are respectively connected to the tube sheet and / or the outermost support plate.

[0015] In some embodiments, the pull rod assembly includes multiple pull rods, and the multiple pull rods are located in the low heat exchange efficiency area in the screw-in cavity and / or the screw-out cavity. The low heat exchange efficiency area includes the inlet position of the screw-in cavity, the outlet position of the screw-out cavity, and the connecting position between the screw-in cavity and the screw-out cavity.

[0016] In some embodiments, the distance between the center lines of two adjacent heat exchange tubes is D, and the outer diameter of the heat exchange tube is R, then 1.25R≤D≤1.5R, and D≥6mm; the distance from the center line of the heat exchange tube to the spiral partition is D1, and the distance from the center line of the heat exchange tube to the inner wall of the shell is D2, then D1≥0.6R and D1≥3mm, D2≥0.6R and D2≥3mm.

[0017] In some embodiments, the staggered angle of the heat exchange tubes in two adjacent rows is α, and 30°≤α≤60°.

[0018] The technical solution provided by this patent application has at least the following technical effects:

[0019] In the present patent application, a spiral baffle assembly is installed in the shell to form a connected screw-in cavity and a screw-out cavity, thereby forming a shell side. The liquid in the shell side exchanges heat with the liquid in the tube side of the heat exchange tube assembly, and the contact is sufficient, thereby eliminating heat exchange dead corners and improving heat exchange efficiency. Moreover, the heat exchanger proposed in the present patent application has a streamlined structure, low manufacturing cost, large heat exchange area, small occupied space, and strong controllability of the heat exchange process.

[0020] In addition, the spiral baffle is a non-pressure-bearing part, so it can be set thinner, thereby enhancing the heat exchange effect of the fluid on both sides of the spiral baffle thickness direction, and also reducing the space occupied by the spiral baffle in the shell, so that the fluid flow rate is larger; specifically, the pressure relief holes on the spiral baffle can achieve pressure communication between the fluids on both sides of the thickness direction, ensuring that the spiral baffle will not be deformed due to the pressure difference of the fluids on both sides when the fluid flow rate is large, thereby eliminating cumbersome repair procedures. Multiple heat exchange tubes are distributed in at least two rows along the spiral direction of the spiral baffle assembly, and the heat exchange tubes in the two adjacent rows are staggered, so that the internal space of the shell can be fully utilized, and the heat exchange dead corners can be further eliminated. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to better combine the contents shown in the drawings of the specification with the contents described in the specific implementation methods, the drawings of the specification are briefly introduced below. It can be understood that the drawings of the specification mentioned below only schematically show some embodiments of the relevant technical solutions and the solutions of this patent application, and those skilled in the art can also make drawings showing other embodiments without paying creative labor.

[0022] Specifically, the annotations to the drawings of the specification are as follows:

[0023] Figure 1 A top view of a shell-and-tube heat exchanger according to a first embodiment of the present patent application;

[0024] Figure 2 A front cross-sectional view of a shell-and-tube heat exchanger according to a second embodiment of the present patent application;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the spiral baffle assembly described in the embodiment of the present patent application;

[0026] Figure 4 A radial cross-sectional view of the spiral baffle assembly described in an embodiment of the present patent application;

[0027] Figure 5 A front view of the partition plate described in the embodiment of the present patent application;

[0028] Figure 6 This is a front cross-sectional view of a shell-and-tube heat exchanger according to a third embodiment of the present patent application;

[0029] Figure 7 A first arrangement diagram of the baffles described in an embodiment of the present patent application;

[0030] Figure 8 This is a second arrangement diagram of the baffles described in an embodiment of this patent application.

[0031] Specifically, the annotations to the accompanying drawings in the specification are as follows:

[0032] 100, shell and tube heat exchanger; 110, shell; 120, spiral baffle assembly; 121, spiral baffle; 131, heat exchange tube; 141, pull rod; 151, first tube box; 152, second tube box; 160, liquid separation box; 161, liquid separation tube; 170, liquid collection box; 171, liquid collection tube; 180, tube sheet; 190, support plate; 191, partition plate; 192, baffle; I1, first inlet; I2, second inlet; E1, first outlet; E2, second outlet; C1, screw-in cavity; C2, screw-out cavity; C3, chamber; G, spiral groove; H, avoidance hole; K, flow gap; X, left-right direction; Y, front-back direction; Z, up-down direction. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] In order to make the contents of the embodiments of this patent application clearer, the following description will be made in conjunction with the drawings of the specification. It can be understood that the contents mentioned below are only part of the embodiments in this patent application, not all of the embodiments. Based on this, other embodiments obtained without creative work are all within the scope of protection of this patent application.

[0034] It should be understood that the terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to strictly limit the technical solutions unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. For example, the use of "a", "an" and "the" to modify a feature does not exclude that the feature may also be plural in another embodiment.

[0035] It should be understood that the terms "include", "comprising", and "having" are open ended and therefore specify the presence of stated features but do not exclude the presence of other features. Similarly, although the terms first, second, etc. may be used herein to describe multiple features, these features should not be limited by these terms, which are only used to distinguish one feature from another, and unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, terms such as "first", "second", and other numerical terms do not imply a sequence or order when used herein.

[0036] It should be understood that, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the terms "dispose", "connect", and "install" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, they can be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; they can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in this patent application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0037] In addition, for the convenience of description, terms of spatial relative relationships are used in the text to illustrate the position of one feature relative to another feature, for example, "inside", "outside", "end", "side", "upper", "middle", "lower", "high", "low", "axial", "circumferential", "radial", "horizontal", "vertical", "first direction", "second direction", etc. It can be understood that the spatial relative relationship between two features should include other embodiments in addition to those shown in the drawings of the specification.

[0038] The embodiments of the present patent application are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0039] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 4The present invention proposes a shell-and-tube heat exchanger 100, which includes a shell 110, a spiral baffle assembly 120 and a heat exchange tube assembly 131. Specifically, the shell 110 is provided with a first inlet I1 and a first outlet E1 at both ends of the axial direction, and a second inlet I2 and a second outlet E2 are provided in the circumferential direction; the spiral baffle assembly 120 includes two spiral baffles 121, which are respectively spirally distributed inside the shell 110 along the circumferential direction of the shell 110, and the two spiral baffles 121 and the inner wall of the shell 110 form a connected screw-in cavity C1 and a screw-out cavity C2, the screw-in cavity C1 is connected to the second inlet I2, and the screw-out cavity C2 is connected to the first inlet I2. The two outlets E2 are connected; a pressure relief hole is opened on the circumferential surface of the spiral partition 121; the heat exchange tube 131 assembly includes a plurality of heat exchange tubes 131, and the plurality of heat exchange tubes 131 are distributed along the axial direction of the shell 110 and are arranged in the screw-in cavity C1 and the screw-out cavity C2, and the two ends of each heat exchange tube 131 are respectively connected with the first inlet I1 and the first outlet E1; the plurality of heat exchange tubes 131 are distributed in at least two rows along the spiral direction of the spiral partition assembly 120, and the heat exchange tubes 131 in two adjacent rows are staggered.

[0040] In the present patent application, a spiral baffle assembly 120 is installed in the shell 110 to form a connected screw-in chamber C1 and a screw-out chamber C2, thereby forming a shell side. The liquid in the shell side exchanges heat with the liquid in the tube side of the heat exchange tube 131 assembly, and the contact is sufficient, thereby eliminating heat exchange dead corners and improving heat exchange efficiency. Moreover, the heat exchanger proposed in the present patent application has a streamlined structure, low manufacturing cost, large heat exchange area, small occupied space, and strong controllability of the heat exchange process.

[0041] It should be noted that the spiral baffle 121 is a non-pressure-bearing part, so it can be set to be thinner, thereby enhancing the heat exchange effect of the fluid on both sides of the thickness direction of the spiral baffle 121, and can also reduce the space occupied by the spiral baffle 121 in the shell 110, so that the fluid flow rate is larger; specifically, the pressure relief holes on the spiral baffle 121 can achieve pressure communication between the fluids on both sides of the thickness direction, ensuring that the spiral baffle 121 will not be deformed due to the pressure difference of the fluids on both sides when the fluid flow rate is large, thereby eliminating cumbersome repair procedures.

[0042] In addition, multiple heat exchange tubes 131 are distributed in at least two rows along the spiral direction of the spiral partition assembly 120, and the heat exchange tubes 131 in two adjacent rows are staggered. In some embodiments, the staggered angle of the heat exchange tubes 131 in two adjacent rows is α, then 30°≤α≤60°, thereby making full use of the internal space of the shell 110 and further eliminating heat exchange dead corners.

[0043] In particular, the process fluid can flow in the shell side, and the heat exchange medium can flow in the tube side; it can be understood that the heat exchange medium can also flow in the shell side, and the process fluid can flow in the tube side.

[0044] In some embodiments, reference Figure 2 Two tube sheets 180 are provided at both axial ends of the shell 110, and both ends of the heat exchange tube 131 assembly are respectively connected to the two tube sheets 180; a plurality of support plates 190 are arranged between the two tube sheets 180 to divide the interior of the shell 110 into a plurality of chambers C3, and a group of spiral partition assembly 120 is respectively arranged in each chamber C3; a plurality of support plates 190 are passed through the heat exchange tube 131 assembly.

[0045] It should be noted that the first pipe box 151 and the second pipe box 152 are respectively provided at both ends of the shell 110 in the left and right direction X, the first pipe box 151 is provided with a first inlet I1, and the second pipe box 152 is provided with a first outlet E1; the tube sheet 180 and the support plate 190 are provided with avoidance holes H, and the avoidance holes H are for the heat exchange tubes 131 and the pull rods 141 to pass through.

[0046] In some embodiments, reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 5 The support plate 190 includes a partition plate 191, the plate surface of the partition plate 191 matches the area enclosed by the radial cross-section of the shell 110, and the partition plate 191 blocks two adjacent chambers C3; the second inlet I2 and the second outlet E2 are respectively located in the front-to-back directions Y relative to the circumference of the shell 110; or, the second inlet I2 and the second outlet E2 are respectively located in the up-down directions Z relative to the circumference of the shell 110, and the second inlet I2 is located below the shell 110, and the second outlet E2 is located above the shell 110; the heat exchanger also includes a liquid separation box 160 and a liquid collection box 170, the liquid separation box 160 is provided with a second inlet I2 and a plurality of liquid separation tubes 161, and the plurality of liquid separation tubes 161 are respectively connected to the screw-in chambers C1 in the plurality of chambers C3, and the liquid collection box 170 is provided with a second outlet E2 and a plurality of liquid collection tubes 171, and the plurality of liquid collection tubes 171 are respectively connected to the screw-out chambers C2 in the plurality of chambers C3.

[0047] In some embodiments, when the second inlet I2 is located in the middle of the liquid separation box 160, the process fluid enters the liquid separation box 160 from the second inlet I2 and is diverted from the left and right sides to each liquid separation tube 161, then the flow area S1 of the second inlet I2 is less than the cross-sectional flow area S2 of the liquid separation box 160×2<the flow area S3 of the liquid separation tube 161×the number n of the liquid separation tubes 161<the flow area S4 screwed into the cavity C1×the number n of the liquid separation tubes 161; if the second inlet I2 is located at one end of the liquid separation box 160, the process fluid only needs to flow from this end to the other end to each liquid separation tube 161 after entering the liquid separation box 160 from the second inlet I2, then the flow area S1 of the second inlet I2 is less than the cross-sectional flow area S2 of the liquid separation box 160<the flow area S3 of the liquid separation tube 161×the number n of the liquid separation tubes 161<the flow area S4 screwed into the cavity C1×the number n of the liquid separation tubes 161; the above setting method can ensure that the fluid enters the shell 110 smoothly.

[0048] In addition, the liquid collecting box 170 can also refer to the above-mentioned arrangement. When the second outlet E2 is located in the middle of the liquid collecting box 170, the flow area of ​​the second outlet E2 is less than the cross-sectional flow area of ​​the liquid collecting box 170 × 2 < the flow area of ​​the liquid collecting tube 171 × the number of the liquid collecting tubes 171 < the flow area of ​​the swiveling-out chamber C2 × the number of the liquid distributing tubes 161; or, when the second outlet E2 is located at one end of the liquid collecting box 170, the flow area of ​​the second outlet E2 is less than the cross-sectional flow area of ​​the liquid collecting box 170 < the flow area of ​​the liquid collecting tube 171 × the number of the liquid collecting tubes 171 < the flow area of ​​the swiveling-out chamber C2 × the number of the liquid distributing tubes 161; the above arrangement can ensure that the fluid flows out of the housing 110 smoothly. Specifically, the assembly of the liquid collecting box 170 and its upper connecting pipe can be symmetrically distributed with the assembly of the liquid distributing box 160 and its upper connecting pipe, or it can be asymmetrically distributed.

[0049] In some embodiments, reference Figures 6 to 8 The support plate 190 includes a baffle 192, the plate surface of the baffle 192 is smaller than the area enclosed by the radial cross-section of the shell 110, and a flow gap K is formed between the baffle 192 and the inner wall of the shell 110, the flow gap K connects two adjacent chambers C3, and the multiple flow gaps K are staggered; the second inlet I2 is located below one end of the shell 110 in the axial direction, and the second outlet E2 is located above the other end of the shell 110 in the axial direction.

[0050] In the above embodiment, the support plate 190 plays a supporting role, which can be a partition plate 191, for example Figure 2 As shown, it can also be a baffle 192, for example Figure 6 In particular, the housing 110 has two perpendicular left-right directions X, front-back directions Y, and up-down directions Z; in the first embodiment, referring to Figure 1 , the support plate 190 is a partition plate 191, the partition plate 191 seals and separates the adjacent chamber C3, the liquid separation box 160 and the liquid collection box 170 are arranged in the front-to-back direction Y of the shell 110, and this structure is suitable for the working condition where the process fluid has a fast flow rate. Figure 2 , the liquid separation box 160 and the liquid collection box 170 are arranged in the vertical direction Z of the housing 110, and the liquid separation port is at the bottom. The other structures are the same as those of the first embodiment. This structure is suitable for working conditions where the process fluid flow rate is slow. Figure 6, the liquid separation tank 160 and the liquid collection tank 170 are removed, and the second inlet I2 and the second outlet E2 are directly provided on the shell 110, and the second inlet I2 is located below one end of the shell 110 in the left-right direction X, and the second outlet E2 is located above the other end of the shell 110 in the left-right direction X. In addition, the support plate 190 is a baffle 192, and the process fluid can flow through the rotation cavity C1 and the rotation cavity C2 and then flow between different chambers C3 along the left-right direction X through the flow gap K. This heat exchange structure can enhance the heat exchange effect; it should be noted that, referring to Figure 7 and Figure 8 The flow gaps K of two adjacent baffles 192 are not corresponding to each other along the left-right direction X, but are staggered, so as to further increase the vortex phenomenon of the process fluid and enhance the heat exchange effect.

[0051] In some embodiments, reference Figure 5 The sides of the tube sheet 180 and the support plate 190 are provided with spiral grooves G, which match the radial cross-section of the spiral baffle assembly 120; the axial ends of the spiral baffle assembly 120 are respectively connected between the tube sheet 180 and the support plate 190 or between two adjacent support plates 190 through the spiral grooves G. In some embodiments, referring to Figure 2 The heat exchanger further includes a tie rod assembly, wherein the tie rod assembly penetrates a plurality of support plates 190 along the axial direction of the shell 110, and the two ends of the tie rod assembly are respectively connected to the tube sheet 180 and / or the outermost support plate 190. In some embodiments, the tie rod assembly includes a plurality of tie rods 141, and the plurality of tie rods 141 are located in a low heat exchange efficiency area in the screw-in cavity C1 and / or the screw-out cavity C2, and the low heat exchange efficiency area includes the inlet position of the screw-in cavity C1, the outlet position of the screw-out cavity C2, and the connection position between the screw-in cavity C1 and the screw-out cavity C2.

[0052] In the above embodiment, the tie rod 141 cooperates with the support plate 190 and the end plate to play a supporting role. The tie rod 141 is located in the low heat exchange efficiency area and leaves the heat exchange tube 131 to maximize the heat exchange effect.

[0053] In some embodiments, the distance between the center lines of two adjacent heat exchange tubes 131 is D, and the outer diameter of the heat exchange tube 131 is R, then 1.25R≤D≤1.5R, and D≥6mm; the distance from the center line of the heat exchange tube 131 to the spiral partition 121 is D1, and the distance from the center line of the heat exchange tube 131 to the inner wall of the shell 110 is D2, then D1≥0.6R and D1≥3mm, D2≥0.6R and D2≥3mm.

[0054] In the case where the overall pressure drop of the heat exchanger meets the working condition requirements, in order to ensure that the fluid has a good flow state in the rotary chamber C1 and the rotary chamber C2 to achieve an efficient heat exchange effect, the average flow velocity of the fluid here can be: if the fluid is a general fluid, the average flow velocity is 0.2m / s to 1.5m / s; if the fluid is a scaling fluid, the average flow velocity is greater than 0.5m / s; if the fluid is a gas, the average flow velocity is 3m / s to 15m / s.

[0055] In particular, the term "and / or" in this patent application should be understood as follows:

[0056] In the first case, the term "and / or" located between a first subject and a second subject includes any one of the following meanings: (1) only the first subject; (2) only the second subject; and (3) the first subject and the second subject.

[0057] In the second case, the term "and / or" between the last two subjects among three or more subjects means including at least any one of the multiple subjects. For example, "the first subject, the second subject and / or the third subject" has the same meaning as "the first subject and / or the second subject and / or the third subject", specifically including the following combinations: (1) only the first subject; (2) only the second subject; (3) only the third subject; (4) the first subject and the second subject but not the third subject; (5) the first subject and the third subject but not the second subject; (6) the second subject and the third subject but not the first subject; and (7) the first subject, the second subject and the third subject.

[0058] In addition, although the above content describes the embodiments of the present patent application in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art can also make various modifications and variations without departing from the concept of the present patent application, and such modifications and variations shall fall within the scope of protection of the present patent application.

Claims

1. A shell and tube heat exchanger, characterized in that: include: A housing (110) having a first inlet (I1) and a first outlet (E1) respectively disposed at two axial ends thereof, and a second inlet (I2) and a second outlet (E2) disposed in a circumferential direction thereof; A spiral baffle assembly (120), comprising two spiral baffles (121), the two spiral baffles (121) being respectively distributed in a spiral manner along the circumference of the shell (110) and inside the shell (110), and the two spiral baffles (121) and the inner wall of the shell (110) enclose a screw-in cavity (C1) and a screw-out cavity (C2) that are connected, the screw-in cavity (C1) being connected to the second inlet (I2), and the screw-out cavity (C2) being connected to the second outlet (E2); and a pressure relief hole being provided on the circumferential surface of the spiral baffle (121); A heat exchange tube (131) assembly, comprising a plurality of heat exchange tubes (131), the plurality of heat exchange tubes (131) being distributed along the axial direction of the shell (110) and passing through the screw-in cavity (C1) and the screw-out cavity (C2), and the two ends of each heat exchange tube (131) being respectively connected to the first inlet (I1) and the first outlet (E1); the plurality of heat exchange tubes (131) being distributed in at least two rows along the spiral direction of the spiral baffle assembly (120), and the heat exchange tubes (131) in two adjacent rows being staggered.

2. The shell and tube heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two tube sheets (180) are provided at two axial ends of the shell (110), and two ends of the heat exchange tube (131) assembly are respectively connected to the two tube sheets (180); A plurality of support plates (190) are arranged between the two tube sheets (180) to divide the interior of the shell (110) into a plurality of chambers (C3), and a group of the spiral baffle assemblies (120) are arranged in each of the chambers (C3); The heat exchange tube (131) assembly is penetrated by a plurality of the support plates (190).

3. The shell and tube heat exchanger according to claim 2, characterized in that: The support plate (190) comprises a partition plate (191), the plate surface of the partition plate (191) matches the area enclosed by the radial cross section of the shell (110), and the partition plate (191) blocks two adjacent chambers (C3); The second inlet (I2) and the second outlet (E2) are respectively located in opposite front-to-rear directions (Y) in the circumferential direction of the shell (110); or, the second inlet (I2) and the second outlet (E2) are respectively located in opposite up-down directions (Z) in the circumferential direction of the shell (110), and the second inlet (I2) is located below the shell (110), and the second outlet (E2) is located above the shell (110); The heat exchanger further comprises a liquid separation box (160) and a liquid collection box (170); the liquid separation box (160) is provided with the second inlet (I2) and a plurality of liquid separation tubes (161); the plurality of liquid separation tubes (161) are respectively connected to the plurality of screw-in chambers (C1) in the chambers (C3); the liquid collection box (170) is provided with the second outlet (E2) and a plurality of liquid collection tubes (171); the plurality of liquid collection tubes (171) are respectively connected to the plurality of screw-out chambers (C2) in the chambers (C3).

4. The shell and tube heat exchanger according to claim 3, characterized in that: The flow area S1 of the second inlet (I2) is less than the cross-sectional flow area S2×2 of the liquid separation box (160) and less than the flow area S3 of the liquid separation tube (161) and the number n of the liquid separation tubes (161) and less than the flow area S4 of the screw-in chamber (C1) and the number n of the liquid separation tubes (161).

5. The shell and tube heat exchanger according to claim 2, characterized in that: The support plate (190) comprises a baffle plate (192), the plate surface of the baffle plate (192) being smaller than the area enclosed by the radial cross section of the shell (110), and a flow gap (K) being formed between the baffle plate (192) and the inner wall of the shell (110), the flow gap (K) being connected to two adjacent chambers (C3), and a plurality of the flow gaps (K) being arranged in a staggered manner; The second inlet (I2) is located below one axial end of the shell (110), and the second outlet (E2) is located above the other axial end of the shell (110).

6. The shell and tube heat exchanger according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that: The side surfaces of the tube plate (180) and the support plate (190) are provided with spiral grooves (G), and the spiral grooves (G) match the radial cross-section of the spiral partition assembly (120); The two axial ends of the spiral partition assembly (120) are respectively clamped between the tube plate (180) and the support plate (190) or between two adjacent support plates (190) through the spiral groove (G).

7. The shell and tube heat exchanger according to claim 6, characterized in that: The heat exchanger further comprises a tie rod assembly, wherein the tie rod assembly penetrates a plurality of the support plates (190) along the axial direction of the shell (110), and the two ends of the tie rod assembly are respectively connected to the tube sheet (180) and / or the outermost support plate (190).

8. The shell and tube heat exchanger according to claim 7, characterized in that: The tie rod assembly comprises a plurality of tie rods (141), wherein the plurality of tie rods (141) are located in a low heat exchange efficiency region within the screw-in cavity (C1) and / or the screw-out cavity (C2), wherein the low heat exchange efficiency region comprises an inlet position of the screw-in cavity (C1), an outlet position of the screw-out cavity (C2), and a connection position between the screw-in cavity (C1) and the screw-out cavity (C2).

9. The shell and tube heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distance between the center lines of two adjacent heat exchange tubes (131) is D, the outer diameter of the heat exchange tube (131) is R, then 1.25R≤D≤1.5R, and D≥6mm; The distance from the center line of the heat exchange tube (131) to the spiral partition (121) is D1, and the distance from the center line of the heat exchange tube (131) to the inner wall of the shell (110) is D2. Then, D1≥0.6R and D1≥3mm, and D2≥0.6R and D2≥3mm.

10. The shell and tube heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: The staggered angle of the heat exchange tubes (131) in two adjacent rows is α, and thus 30°≤α≤60°.

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