A fire resistance performance detection system and detection method for composite materials for fire-resistant cables

Abstract

The present invention relates to a fire resistance performance detection system and detection method for composite materials for fireproof cables. The system includes a detection main control computer, a data analysis module, a data acquisition module, a heating control module, a thermal imaging module, an internal sensor array and an external sensor array. The method includes preparing samples of different thicknesses and wire diameters, installing them in the detection system, simulating a high temperature environment through a heating control module, using internal and external sensor arrays and a thermal imaging module to monitor temperature changes in real time, a data acquisition module to collect data, and a data analysis module to process data and evaluate the fire resistance of the sample. In addition, the method also includes a performance estimation model established based on test data for predicting the performance of unknown samples, and establishing a fire resistance performance database to achieve efficient management and query of test data. The system and method can provide fast, accurate and comprehensive fire resistance performance evaluation, and are suitable for fireproof cable materials of different types and specifications.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of fireproof material detection, and in particular to a fireproof performance detection system and a detection method for composite materials for fireproof cables. Background Art

[0002] Traditional methods for testing the fire resistance of fire-resistant cables usually rely on destructive tests, such as direct combustion or long-term high-temperature exposure, which are time-consuming and costly. In addition, traditional methods can only provide limited test point data, making it difficult to fully evaluate the performance of materials under different conditions. With the development of material science and testing technology, the demand for evaluating refractory materials is increasingly inclined towards non-destructive, high-precision and fast-response testing methods.

[0003] In the prior art, the detection of refractory materials generally adopts the method of measuring the temperature or thermal conductivity after direct heating. For example, according to the GB / T 17911-2018 standard, the determination of the high temperature resistance of ceramic fiber composite materials usually includes the determination of the permanent line change after heating: the sample is heated to a certain temperature and maintained for a certain time, and then its length change is measured to evaluate the stability of the material at high temperature. For cables, it is often difficult to comprehensively detect the high temperature resistance of composite materials for cables. Since the sheath thickness, wire diameter, etc. of the cable have an impact on the high temperature resistance of the material, how to quickly, accurately and precisely determine the performance of high temperature resistant materials for cables is an urgent problem to be solved. The fire resistance performance detection system and method for composite materials for fire-resistant cables provided by the present invention provide a solution that can comprehensively, quickly and accurately evaluate the fire resistance performance of cables. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a fire resistance performance detection system for composite materials for fireproof cables, including a detection main control computer, a data analysis module, a data acquisition module, a heating control module, a thermal imaging module, an inner sensor array and an outer sensor array;

[0005] The heating control module is used to control the heating system during the test process to ensure that the material sample to be tested is exposed to specific temperature conditions to simulate the actual high temperature environment;

[0006] The detection host computer is connected to the data analysis module and the heating control module; the detection host computer is used to coordinate and manage the operation of each module, control the test process and monitor the test status;

[0007] The data analysis module is connected to the thermal imaging module and the data acquisition module, and the data acquisition module is connected to the inner sensor array and the outer sensor array;

[0008] The thermal imaging module uses an infrared thermal imager to obtain the thermal distribution image of the cable surface, and the data acquisition module is used to collect the temperature data obtained from the inner sensor array and the outer sensor array during the test;

[0009] The data analysis module is used to process and analyze the detection data obtained from the data acquisition module and the thermal imaging module;

[0010] The inner sensor array is arranged inside the cable core and is used to measure the temperature distribution inside the cable; the outer sensor array corresponds to the inner sensor array and is arranged between the outside of the cable core and the inside of the composite material sheathing, and is used to measure the temperature between the outside of the cable core and the inside of the composite material sheathing.

[0011] The material sample to be tested is a cable sample made of ceramic fiber composite refractory material, including a core layer and an outer cladding layer, wherein the core layer is a hollow metal tube made of aluminum or copper; the inner core layer is an inner sensor array, the outer core layer is an outer sensor array, and the outer sensor array is made of ceramic fiber composite material;

[0012] The composite material is composed of the following components: ceramic rubber, glass fiber and the following additives: vulcanizer, accelerator, antioxidant, flame retardant and filler; wherein the mass percentage of the ceramic rubber is 40-60%, the mass percentage of the glass fiber is 20-40%, the mass percentage of the vulcanizer is 0.5-2%, the mass percentage of the accelerator is 0.1-1%, the mass percentage of the antioxidant is 0.5-2%, the mass percentage of the flame retardant is 2-10%, and the mass percentage of the filler is 5-20%;

[0013] The method for making a ceramic fiber composite refractory material includes the following steps: a. preparing a core tube of a cable to ensure that its surface is clean and free of oil; placing a distributed optical fiber temperature sensor inside the core tube as an inner sensor array; laying a distributed optical fiber temperature sensor outside the core tube to ensure that the sensor is in good contact with the surface of the core tube as an outer sensor array, so as to accurately measure the temperature change of the cable during the test; b. weaving and winding the glass fiber into a preform outside the core tube to ensure that the weaving is uniform and tight to provide good mechanical protection and fire resistance; c. mixing ceramic rubber with the glass fiber preform, wherein the ceramic rubber is composed of rubber material, ceramic powder and necessary vulcanization system; d. adding a vulcanizer, accelerator, antioxidant, flame retardant and filler to the mixture to improve the processing performance, aging resistance, flame retardant performance and physical properties of the material; e. fully compounding the ceramic rubber with the fiber preform and additives through hot pressing vulcanization or solution impregnation to form a uniform composite material; f. curing the composite ceramic fiber rubber material to ensure the structural stability and fire resistance of the material; g. The cured ceramic fiber rubber composite material is cut and polished to form the final material sample suitable for cable sheathing.

[0014] Both the inner sensor array and the outer sensor array use distributed optical fiber sensors;

[0015] The distributed optical fiber temperature sensor comprises a central optical fiber and a plurality of measuring points spaced apart along the optical fiber axis; the central optical fiber is used to transmit a pulse light source and receive backscattered light returned along the length of the optical fiber; the measuring points obtain temperature information through the Raman scattering effect in the optical fiber; the backscattered light comprises Stokes light and anti-Stokes light, and its wavelength and intensity are related to the temperature at the measuring point;

[0016] The data acquisition module includes a photodetector and a signal processing unit, which are used to receive backscattered light and convert it into an electrical signal. The signal processing unit processes the electrical signal to determine the temperature value of each measuring point. The data acquisition module uses a temperature demodulation algorithm to calculate the temperature distribution of each measuring point along the length of the optical fiber according to the intensity ratio of Stokes light and anti-Stokes light, thereby achieving simultaneous measurement of temperatures at different positions and sending the detected temperature data to the data analysis module.

[0017] The thermal imaging module includes one or more infrared thermal imagers for acquiring the thermal distribution image of the cable surface in real time; the infrared thermal imager has high resolution and high sensitivity, and can capture the thermal energy difference on the cable surface at different temperatures; the thermal imaging module also includes an image processing unit for processing the thermal image captured by the infrared thermal imager and converting the processed image into temperature data; the temperature data is combined with the data collected by the internal sensor array and the external sensor array, and transmitted to the data analysis module for synchronous analysis.

[0018] The heating control module includes a temperature setting unit, a heating element and a temperature feedback unit; wherein the temperature setting unit is used to preset the heating temperature and heating rate according to the test requirements, the heating element is used to heat the cable so that the cable reaches the preset heating temperature, and the temperature feedback unit is used to monitor the temperature of the cable in real time and feed back the temperature information to the heating control module; the heating control module can automatically adjust the output power of the heating element according to the temperature information provided by the temperature feedback unit to accurately control the heating temperature of the cable; the heating control module also has a temperature over-limit alarm function. When the cable temperature exceeds the preset safety threshold, the heating power supply is automatically cut off and an alarm signal is issued to ensure the safety of the test process; the heating control module is connected to the detection main control computer, and the detection main control computer controls the working state of the heating control module to achieve precise control of the cable heating process.

[0019] The heating is single-point heating, that is, only one position of the sample is heated.

[0020] A method for testing the fire resistance of a composite material for a fireproof cable, using the fire resistance testing system for the composite material for a fireproof cable, comprises the following steps:

[0021] Step 1: Test sample preparation, including preparing composite material samples for fire-resistant cables with different thicknesses: 2mm, 4mm, 6mm, 8mm, and different wire diameters: 0.5mm to 10mm, with an interval of 0.5mm;

[0022] Step 2: System preparation: install the prepared samples one by one in the detection system, ensure that the inner sensor array and the outer sensor array are correctly arranged at the predetermined positions of the cable, and connect the detection host computer to the data analysis module, heating control module, thermal imaging module and data acquisition module;

[0023] Step 3: System calibration: calibrate the data acquisition module, thermal imaging module and heating control module in the detection system to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the test data;

[0024] Step 4: Temperature setting: preset the heating temperature and heating rate through the heating control module to simulate the actual high temperature environment; start the heating element to heat the cable sample according to the preset heating program, and start the data acquisition module and thermal imaging module to start real-time monitoring of the temperature and heat distribution of the cable;

[0025] Step 5: Real-time monitoring, using the inner sensor array and the outer sensor array to monitor the temperature changes inside and outside the cable, and the thermal imaging module to capture the thermal distribution image of the cable surface in real time;

[0026] Step 6: Data acquisition, the data acquisition module collects the temperature data obtained from the inner sensor array and the outer sensor array, and transmits the data to the data analysis module;

[0027] Step 7: Record the temperature change data and thermal imaging images of each sample during the test, and create a test file for each sample; obtain the core temperature distribution, core temperature distribution and surface temperature distribution of samples with different thicknesses and wire diameters;

[0028] Step 8: Data analysis: the data analysis module processes and analyzes the collected temperature data and thermal imaging images to evaluate the fire resistance of samples with different thicknesses and wire diameters; based on the test data, the fire resistance of the samples is evaluated and the performance indicators of the samples under high temperature conditions are determined;

[0029] Step 9: Test report generation: the data analysis module generates a detailed test report containing test results and performance evaluation;

[0030] Step 10: When the test is finished and the predetermined test time or temperature condition is reached, stop heating and record the final data, cool the sample, and prepare for the next test or end the entire test process.

[0031] Step 9: Data analysis step further includes the following sub-steps:

[0032] Step 9a: Data preprocessing, filtering and smoothing the temperature data received from the data acquisition module to eliminate noise and outliers and ensure the accuracy of the data;

[0033] Step 9b: Temperature change analysis, analyzing the temperature change trend of each sample during the heating process, including the heating rate, the highest temperature reached, and the duration at high temperature;

[0034] Step 9c: Thermal distribution analysis: using the thermal distribution image obtained by the thermal imaging module to analyze the temperature distribution uniformity on the cable surface and inside, and determine the hot spots and temperature gradients;

[0035] Step 9d: Fire resistance performance evaluation: Based on the pre-processed temperature data and thermal distribution images, the fire resistance performance of the sample under high temperature conditions is evaluated, including the following indicators:

[0036] Thermal stability: It is evaluated by measuring the temperature change rate of the sample under continuous high temperature. The lower the temperature change rate, the better the thermal stability;

[0037] Fire resistance: measures the ability of a sample to maintain a low temperature for a specific period of time, specifically the time the temperature in the cable core remains below 100 degrees after being heated to 500 to 600 degrees Celsius;

[0038] Thermal conductivity: The thermal conductivity of the sample is calculated using Fourier's law by analyzing the radial temperature gradient and heat flow inside the sample along the ceramic fiber composite material;

[0039] Thermal expansion coefficient: determined by measuring the dimensional change of the sample during heating, using an infrared thermal imager to measure the dimensional change of the cable during heating;

[0040] Step 9e: Curve drawing, using the data analysis module to generate three-dimensional curves of different fire resistance indicators of samples with different thicknesses and different wire diameters, where different thicknesses are the x-axis, different wire diameters are the y-axis, and fire resistance indicators are the z-axis.

[0041] When a new unknown sample is provided, the fire resistance performance of the unknown sample is directly estimated by measuring its wire diameter and thickness using the performance estimation model established in step 9f.

[0042] Testing methods also include:

[0043] Step 11: Model validation, verifying the accuracy of the performance estimation model by comparing the actual test results of unknown samples with the predicted results;

[0044] Step 12: Model optimization: adjust and optimize the performance estimation model based on the verification results to improve the accuracy of the prediction;

[0045] Step 13: Establish a performance database, integrate the test data of all known samples and the performance data of predicted samples, and establish a fire resistance performance database for future query and comparison.

[0046] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0047] First, by using distributed fiber optic temperature sensors and thermal imaging modules, continuous temperature monitoring of the inside and surface of the cable can be achieved, providing more comprehensive fire resistance performance data; second, the system can simulate actual high temperature environments, accurately control heating and collect data for samples of different thicknesses and wire diameters, and thus evaluate the performance of the material under real conditions; third, the application of the data analysis module makes the entire process from raw data to performance evaluation more automated and precise, improving test efficiency and accuracy; finally, by establishing a performance estimation model and database, rapid performance prediction of unknown samples can be achieved, providing a scientific basis for material selection and design, while optimizing the test process and reducing costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0048] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0049] Attached Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the cable sample structure of the present invention;

[0050] Attached Figure 2 Schematic diagram of cable samples with different wire diameters;

[0051] Attached Figure 3 This is a diagram of the detection system architecture of the present invention.

[0052] Among them: 1 ceramic fiber composite material layer (cladding), 2 outer sensor array, 3 core made of metal tube, 4 inner sensor array. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0053] Example

[0054] See also Figures 1 to 3 , the present invention provides a fire resistance performance detection system for composite materials for fireproof cables, including a detection main control computer, a data analysis module, a data acquisition module, a heating control module, a thermal imaging module, an inner sensor array and an outer sensor array;

[0055] The heating control module is used to control the heating system during the test process to ensure that the material sample to be tested is exposed to specific temperature conditions to simulate the actual high temperature environment;

[0056] The detection host computer is connected to the data analysis module and the heating control module; the detection host computer is used to coordinate and manage the operation of each module, control the test process and monitor the test status;

[0057] The data analysis module is connected to the thermal imaging module and the data acquisition module, and the data acquisition module is connected to the inner sensor array and the outer sensor array;

[0058] The thermal imaging module uses an infrared thermal imager to obtain the thermal distribution image of the cable surface, and the data acquisition module is used to collect the temperature data obtained from the inner sensor array and the outer sensor array during the test;

[0059] The data analysis module is used to process and analyze the detection data obtained from the data acquisition module and the thermal imaging module;

[0060] The inner sensor array is arranged inside the cable core and is used to measure the temperature distribution inside the cable; the outer sensor array corresponds to the inner sensor array and is arranged between the outside of the cable core and the inside of the composite material sheathing, and is used to measure the temperature between the outside of the cable core and the inside of the composite material sheathing.

[0061] The material sample to be tested is a cable sample made of ceramic fiber composite refractory material, including a core layer and an outer cladding layer, wherein the core layer is a hollow metal tube made of aluminum or copper; the inner core layer is an inner sensor array, the outer core layer is an outer sensor array, and the outer sensor array is made of ceramic fiber composite material;

[0062] The composite material is composed of the following components: ceramic rubber, glass fiber and the following additives: vulcanizer, accelerator, antioxidant, flame retardant and filler; wherein the mass percentage of the ceramic rubber is 40-60%, the mass percentage of the glass fiber is 20-40%, the mass percentage of the vulcanizer is 0.5-2%, the mass percentage of the accelerator is 0.1-1%, the mass percentage of the antioxidant is 0.5-2%, the mass percentage of the flame retardant is 2-10%, and the mass percentage of the filler is 5-20%;

[0063] The method for making a ceramic fiber composite refractory material includes the following steps: a. preparing a core tube of a cable to ensure that its surface is clean and free of oil; placing a distributed optical fiber temperature sensor inside the core tube as an inner sensor array; laying a distributed optical fiber temperature sensor outside the core tube to ensure that the sensor is in good contact with the surface of the core tube as an outer sensor array, so as to accurately measure the temperature change of the cable during the test; b. weaving and winding the glass fiber into a preform outside the core tube to ensure that the weaving is uniform and tight to provide good mechanical protection and fire resistance; c. mixing ceramic rubber with the glass fiber preform, wherein the ceramic rubber is composed of rubber material, ceramic powder and necessary vulcanization system; d. adding a vulcanizer, accelerator, antioxidant, flame retardant and filler to the mixture to improve the processing performance, aging resistance, flame retardant performance and physical properties of the material; e. fully compounding the ceramic rubber with the fiber preform and additives through hot pressing vulcanization or solution impregnation to form a uniform composite material; f. curing the composite ceramic fiber rubber material to ensure the structural stability and fire resistance of the material; g. The cured ceramic fiber rubber composite material is cut and polished to form the final material sample suitable for cable sheathing.

[0064] Both the inner sensor array and the outer sensor array use distributed optical fiber sensors;

[0065] The distributed optical fiber temperature sensor comprises a central optical fiber and a plurality of measuring points spaced apart along the optical fiber axis; the central optical fiber is used to transmit a pulse light source and receive backscattered light returned along the length of the optical fiber; the measuring points obtain temperature information through the Raman scattering effect in the optical fiber; the backscattered light comprises Stokes light and anti-Stokes light, and its wavelength and intensity are related to the temperature at the measuring point;

[0066] The data acquisition module includes a photodetector and a signal processing unit, which are used to receive backscattered light and convert it into an electrical signal. The signal processing unit processes the electrical signal to determine the temperature value of each measuring point. The data acquisition module uses a temperature demodulation algorithm to calculate the temperature distribution of each measuring point along the length of the optical fiber according to the intensity ratio of Stokes light and anti-Stokes light, thereby achieving simultaneous measurement of temperatures at different positions and sending the detected temperature data to the data analysis module.

[0067] The thermal imaging module includes one or more infrared thermal imagers for acquiring the thermal distribution image of the cable surface in real time; the infrared thermal imager has high resolution and high sensitivity, and can capture the thermal energy difference on the cable surface at different temperatures; the thermal imaging module also includes an image processing unit for processing the thermal image captured by the infrared thermal imager and converting the processed image into temperature data; the temperature data is combined with the data collected by the internal sensor array and the external sensor array, and transmitted to the data analysis module for synchronous analysis.

[0068] The heating control module includes a temperature setting unit, a heating element and a temperature feedback unit; wherein the temperature setting unit is used to preset the heating temperature and heating rate according to the test requirements, the heating element is used to heat the cable so that the cable reaches the preset heating temperature, and the temperature feedback unit is used to monitor the temperature of the cable in real time and feed back the temperature information to the heating control module; the heating control module can automatically adjust the output power of the heating element according to the temperature information provided by the temperature feedback unit to accurately control the heating temperature of the cable; the heating control module also has a temperature over-limit alarm function. When the cable temperature exceeds the preset safety threshold, the heating power supply is automatically cut off and an alarm signal is issued to ensure the safety of the test process; the heating control module is connected to the detection main control computer, and the detection main control computer controls the working state of the heating control module to achieve precise control of the cable heating process.

[0069] The heating is single-point heating, that is, only one position of the sample is heated. Example

[0070] A method for testing the fire resistance of a composite material for a fireproof cable, using the fire resistance testing system for the composite material for a fireproof cable, comprises the following steps:

[0071] Step 1: Test sample preparation, including preparing composite material samples for fire-resistant cables with different thicknesses: 2mm, 4mm, 6mm, 8mm, and different wire diameters: 0.5mm to 10mm, with an interval of 0.5mm;

[0072] Step 2: System preparation: install the prepared samples one by one in the detection system, ensure that the inner sensor array and the outer sensor array are correctly arranged at the predetermined positions of the cable, and connect the detection host computer to the data analysis module, heating control module, thermal imaging module and data acquisition module;

[0073] Step 3: System calibration: calibrate the data acquisition module, thermal imaging module and heating control module in the detection system to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the test data;

[0074] Step 4: Temperature setting: preset the heating temperature and heating rate through the heating control module to simulate the actual high temperature environment; start the heating element to heat the cable sample according to the preset heating program, and start the data acquisition module and thermal imaging module to start real-time monitoring of the temperature and heat distribution of the cable;

[0075] Step 5: Real-time monitoring, using the inner sensor array and the outer sensor array to monitor the temperature changes inside and outside the cable, and the thermal imaging module to capture the thermal distribution image of the cable surface in real time;

[0076] Step 6: Data acquisition, the data acquisition module collects the temperature data obtained from the inner sensor array and the outer sensor array, and transmits the data to the data analysis module;

[0077] Step 7: Record the temperature change data and thermal imaging images of each sample during the test, and create a test file for each sample; obtain the core temperature distribution, core temperature distribution and surface temperature distribution of samples with different thicknesses and wire diameters;

[0078] Step 8: Data analysis: the data analysis module processes and analyzes the collected temperature data and thermal imaging images to evaluate the fire resistance of samples with different thicknesses and wire diameters; based on the test data, the fire resistance of the samples is evaluated and the performance indicators of the samples under high temperature conditions are determined;

[0079] Step 9: Test report generation: the data analysis module generates a detailed test report containing test results and performance evaluation;

[0080] Step 10: When the test is finished and the predetermined test time or temperature condition is reached, stop heating and record the final data, cool the sample, and prepare for the next test or end the entire test process.

[0081] Step 9: Data analysis step further includes the following sub-steps:

[0082] Step 9a: Data preprocessing, filtering and smoothing the temperature data received from the data acquisition module to eliminate noise and outliers and ensure the accuracy of the data;

[0083] Step 9b: Temperature change analysis, analyzing the temperature change trend of each sample during the heating process, including the heating rate, the highest temperature reached, and the duration at high temperature;

[0084] Step 9c: Thermal distribution analysis: using the thermal distribution image obtained by the thermal imaging module to analyze the temperature distribution uniformity on the cable surface and inside, and determine the hot spots and temperature gradients;

[0085] Step 9d: Fire resistance performance evaluation: Based on the pre-processed temperature data and thermal distribution images, the fire resistance performance of the sample under high temperature conditions is evaluated, including the following indicators:

[0086] Thermal stability: It is evaluated by measuring the temperature change rate of the sample under continuous high temperature. The lower the temperature change rate, the better the thermal stability;

[0087] Fire resistance: measures the ability of a sample to maintain a low temperature for a specific period of time, specifically the time the temperature in the cable core remains below 100 degrees after being heated to 500 to 600 degrees Celsius;

[0088] Thermal conductivity: The thermal conductivity of the sample is calculated using Fourier's law by analyzing the radial temperature gradient and heat flow inside the sample along the ceramic fiber composite material;

[0089] Thermal expansion coefficient: determined by measuring the dimensional change of the sample during heating, using an infrared thermal imager to measure the dimensional change of the cable during heating;

[0090] Step 9e: Curve drawing, using the data analysis module to generate three-dimensional curves of different fire resistance indicators of samples with different thicknesses and different wire diameters, where different thicknesses are the x-axis, different wire diameters are the y-axis, and fire resistance indicators are the z-axis.

[0091] When a new unknown sample is provided, the fire resistance performance of the unknown sample is directly estimated by measuring its wire diameter and thickness using the performance estimation model established in step 9f.

[0092] Testing methods also include:

[0093] Step 11: Model validation, verifying the accuracy of the performance estimation model by comparing the actual test results of unknown samples with the predicted results;

[0094] Step 12: Model optimization: adjust and optimize the performance estimation model based on the verification results to improve the accuracy of the prediction;

[0095] Step 13: Establish a performance database, integrate the test data of all known samples and the performance data of predicted samples, and establish a fire resistance performance database for future query and comparison.

[0096] Thus far, the description of the above-described embodiments is provided for the purpose of illustration and description. It is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the present disclosure. The individual elements or features of a specific embodiment are generally not subject to the limitations of the specific embodiment, but when applicable, they can be interchanged and used for selected embodiments even if not specifically shown or described. In many respects, the same element or feature also can be changed. This variation is not considered to be a departure from the present disclosure, and all such modifications are intended to be included in the scope of the present disclosure.

[0097] Example embodiments are provided so that the present disclosure will be thorough and the scope will be fully conveyed to those skilled in the art. In order to thoroughly understand the embodiments of the present disclosure, numerous details are set forth, such as examples of specific parts, devices, and methods. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, it is not necessary to use specific details, the example embodiments can be implemented in many different forms, and neither should be construed as limiting the scope of the present disclosure. In certain example embodiments, well-known processes, well-known device structures, and well-known technologies are not described in detail.

[0098] Here, specialized vocabulary is used only for the purpose of describing specific example embodiments, and is not intended to be limiting. Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular forms "a" and "the" used herein may be intended to include plural forms as well. The terms "including" and "having" are inclusive, and therefore specify the presence of the claimed features, wholes, steps, operations, elements and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or additional presence of one or more other features, wholes, steps, operations, elements, components and / or combinations thereof. Unless the order of execution is clearly indicated, the method steps, processing and operations described herein are not interpreted as necessarily needing to be performed in the specific order discussed and shown. It should also be understood that additional or optional steps may be adopted.

Claims

1. A fire resistance performance detection system for composite materials for fireproof cables, comprising a detection host control computer, a data analysis module, a data acquisition module, a heating control module, a thermal imaging module, an inner sensor array and an outer sensor array; characterized in that: The heating control module is used to control the heating system during the test process to ensure that the material sample to be tested is exposed to specific temperature conditions to simulate the actual high temperature environment; The detection host computer is connected to the data analysis module and the heating control module; the detection host computer is used to coordinate and manage the operation of each module, control the test process and monitor the test status; The data analysis module is connected to the thermal imaging module and the data acquisition module, and the data acquisition module is connected to the inner sensor array and the outer sensor array; The thermal imaging module uses an infrared thermal imager to obtain the thermal distribution image of the cable surface, and the data acquisition module is used to collect the temperature data obtained from the inner sensor array and the outer sensor array during the test; The data analysis module is used to process and analyze the detection data obtained from the data acquisition module and the thermal imaging module; The inner sensor array is arranged inside the cable core and is used to measure the temperature distribution inside the cable; the outer sensor array corresponds to the inner sensor array and is arranged between the outside of the cable core and the inside of the composite material sheathing, and is used to measure the temperature between the outside of the cable core and the inside of the composite material sheathing.

2. The fire resistance performance detection system of composite materials for fireproof cables according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material sample to be tested is a cable sample made of ceramic fiber composite refractory material, including a core layer and an outer cladding layer, wherein the core layer is a hollow metal tube made of aluminum or copper; the inner core layer is an inner sensor array, the outer core layer is an outer sensor array, and the outer sensor array is made of ceramic fiber composite material; The composite material is composed of the following components: ceramic rubber, glass fiber and the following additives: vulcanizer, accelerator, antioxidant, flame retardant and filler; wherein the mass percentage of the ceramic rubber is 40-60%, the mass percentage of the glass fiber is 20-40%, the mass percentage of the vulcanizer is 0.5-2%, the mass percentage of the accelerator is 0.1-1%, the mass percentage of the antioxidant is 0.5-2%, the mass percentage of the flame retardant is 2-10%, and the mass percentage of the filler is 5-20%; The manufacturing method of the ceramic fiber composite refractory material includes the following steps: a. Prepare the wire core tube of the cable to ensure that its surface is clean and free of oil; install a distributed optical fiber temperature sensor inside the wire core tube as an inner sensor array; lay a distributed optical fiber temperature sensor outside the wire core tube to ensure that the sensor is in good contact with the surface of the wire core tube as an outer sensor array, so as to accurately measure the temperature change of the cable during the test; b. Use the weaving and winding method to weave the glass fiber into a preform outside the wire core tube to ensure that the weaving is uniform and tight to provide good mechanical protection and fire resistance; c. Mix ceramic rubber with the glass fiber preform, wherein the ceramic rubber is composed of rubber material, ceramic powder and necessary vulcanization system; d. Add vulcanizer, accelerator, antioxidant, flame retardant and filler to the mixture to improve the processing performance, aging resistance, flame retardant and physical properties of the material; e. Through hot pressing vulcanization or solution impregnation method, the ceramic rubber is fully compounded with the fiber preform and additives to form a uniform composite material; f. The composited ceramic fiber rubber material is cured to ensure the structural stability and fire resistance of the material; g. The cured ceramic fiber rubber composite material is cut and polished to form the final material sample suitable for cable sheathing.

3. The fire resistance performance detection system of composite materials for fireproof cables according to claim 2, characterized in that: Both the inner sensor array and the outer sensor array use distributed optical fiber sensors; The distributed optical fiber temperature sensor comprises a central optical fiber and a plurality of measuring points spaced apart along the optical fiber axis; the central optical fiber is used to transmit a pulse light source and receive backscattered light returned along the length of the optical fiber; the measuring points obtain temperature information through the Raman scattering effect in the optical fiber; the backscattered light comprises Stokes light and anti-Stokes light, and its wavelength and intensity are related to the temperature at the measuring point; The data acquisition module includes a photodetector and a signal processing unit, which are used to receive the backscattered light and convert it into an electrical signal. The signal processing unit processes the electrical signal to determine the temperature value of each measurement point; The data acquisition module uses a temperature demodulation algorithm to calculate the temperature distribution of each measuring point along the length of the optical fiber according to the intensity ratio of Stokes light and anti-Stokes light, realizes simultaneous measurement of temperatures at different positions, and sends the detected temperature data to the data analysis module.

4. The fire resistance performance detection system of composite materials for fireproof cables according to claim 3, characterized in that: The thermal imaging module includes one or more infrared thermal imagers for acquiring the thermal distribution image of the cable surface in real time; the infrared thermal imager has high resolution and high sensitivity, and can capture the thermal energy difference on the cable surface at different temperatures; the thermal imaging module also includes an image processing unit for processing the thermal image captured by the infrared thermal imager and converting the processed image into temperature data; the temperature data is combined with the data collected by the internal sensor array and the external sensor array, and transmitted to the data analysis module for synchronous analysis.

5. The fire resistance performance detection system of composite materials for fireproof cables according to claim 4, characterized in that: The heating control module includes a temperature setting unit, a heating element and a temperature feedback unit; wherein the temperature setting unit is used to preset the heating temperature and heating rate according to the test requirements, the heating element is used to heat the cable so that the cable reaches the preset heating temperature, and the temperature feedback unit is used to monitor the temperature of the cable in real time and feed back the temperature information to the heating control module; the heating control module can automatically adjust the output power of the heating element according to the temperature information provided by the temperature feedback unit to accurately control the heating temperature of the cable; the heating control module also has a temperature over-limit alarm function. When the cable temperature exceeds the preset safety threshold, the heating power supply is automatically cut off and an alarm signal is issued to ensure the safety of the test process; the heating control module is connected to the detection main control computer, and the detection main control computer controls the working state of the heating control module to achieve precise control of the cable heating process.

6. The fire resistance performance detection system of composite materials for fireproof cables according to claim 5, characterized in that: The heating is single-point heating, that is, only one position of the sample is heated.

7. A method for testing the fire resistance of composite materials for fireproof cables, using the fire resistance testing system for composite materials for fireproof cables according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that The steps include: Step 1: Test sample preparation, including preparing composite material samples for fire-resistant cables with different thicknesses: 2mm, 4mm, 6mm, 8mm, and different wire diameters: 0.5mm to 10mm, with an interval of 0.5mm; Step 2: System preparation: install the prepared samples one by one in the detection system, ensure that the inner sensor array and the outer sensor array are correctly arranged at the predetermined positions of the cable, and connect the detection host computer to the data analysis module, heating control module, thermal imaging module and data acquisition module; Step 3: System calibration: calibrate the data acquisition module, thermal imaging module and heating control module in the detection system to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the test data; Step 4: Temperature setting: preset the heating temperature and heating rate through the heating control module to simulate the actual high temperature environment; Start the heating element to heat the cable sample according to the preset heating program, and start the data acquisition module and thermal imaging module to start real-time monitoring of the temperature and heat distribution of the cable; Step 5: Real-time monitoring, using the inner sensor array and the outer sensor array to monitor the temperature changes inside and outside the cable, and the thermal imaging module to capture the thermal distribution image of the cable surface in real time; Step 6: Data acquisition, the data acquisition module collects the temperature data obtained from the inner sensor array and the outer sensor array, and transmits the data to the data analysis module; Step 7: Record the temperature change data and thermal imaging images of each sample during the test and create a test file for each sample; The core temperature distribution, core outer temperature distribution and surface temperature distribution of samples with different thicknesses and wire diameters are obtained; Step 8: Data analysis: the data analysis module processes and analyzes the collected temperature data and thermal imaging images to evaluate the fire resistance of samples with different thicknesses and wire diameters; based on the test data, the fire resistance of the samples is evaluated and the performance indicators of the samples under high temperature conditions are determined; Step 9: Test report generation: the data analysis module generates a detailed test report containing test results and performance evaluation; Step 10: When the test is finished and the predetermined test time or temperature condition is reached, stop heating and record the final data, cool the sample, and prepare for the next test or end the entire test process.

8. The method for testing the fire resistance of composite materials for fireproof cables according to claim 7, characterized in that: Step 9: Data analysis step further includes the following sub-steps: Step 9a: Data preprocessing, filtering and smoothing the temperature data received from the data acquisition module to eliminate noise and outliers and ensure the accuracy of the data; Step 9b: Temperature change analysis, analyzing the temperature change trend of each sample during the heating process, including the heating rate, the highest temperature reached, and the duration at high temperature; Step 9c: Thermal distribution analysis: using the thermal distribution image obtained by the thermal imaging module to analyze the temperature distribution uniformity on the cable surface and inside, and determine the hot spots and temperature gradients; Step 9d: Fire resistance performance evaluation: Based on the pre-processed temperature data and thermal distribution images, the fire resistance performance of the sample under high temperature conditions is evaluated, including the following indicators: Thermal stability: It is evaluated by measuring the temperature change rate of the sample under continuous high temperature. The lower the temperature change rate, the better the thermal stability; Fire resistance: measures the ability of a sample to maintain a low temperature for a specific period of time, specifically the time the temperature in the cable core remains below 100 degrees after being heated to 500 to 600 degrees Celsius; Thermal conductivity: The thermal conductivity of the sample is calculated using Fourier's law by analyzing the radial temperature gradient and heat flow inside the sample along the ceramic fiber composite material; Thermal expansion coefficient: determined by measuring the dimensional change of the sample during heating, using an infrared thermal imager to measure the dimensional change of the cable during heating; Step 9e: Curve drawing, using the data analysis module to generate three-dimensional curves of different fire resistance indicators of samples with different thicknesses and different wire diameters, where different thicknesses are the x-axis, different wire diameters are the y-axis, and fire resistance indicators are the z-axis.

9. The method for testing the fire resistance of composite materials for fireproof cables according to claim 8, characterized in that: When a new unknown sample is provided, the fire resistance performance of the unknown sample is directly estimated by measuring its wire diameter and thickness using the performance estimation model established in step 9f.

10. The method for testing the fire resistance of composite materials for fireproof cables according to claim 9, characterized in that: Testing methods also include: Step 11: Model validation, verifying the accuracy of the performance estimation model by comparing the actual test results of unknown samples with the predicted results; Step 12: Model optimization: adjust and optimize the performance estimation model based on the verification results to improve the accuracy of the prediction; Step 13: Establish a performance database, integrate the test data of all known samples and the performance data of predicted samples, and establish a fire resistance performance database for future query and comparison.

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