Automatic control system and method for horizontal well drilling

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of automatic control technology for horizontal well drilling, and discloses an automatic control system and method for horizontal well drilling, including a drilling data acquisition module, a drilling data analysis module and a drilling automatic control module, wherein the drilling data acquisition module includes a drill bit temperature data acquisition unit, a historical drilling data acquisition unit, a drill bit position data acquisition unit and a drilling fluid data acquisition unit, and the drilling data analysis module includes a drill bit data analysis unit, a drill bit fluid supply analysis unit and a drill bit deviation data analysis unit. The system determines whether it is necessary to stop drilling based on the drill bit state analysis results and the drilling fluid analysis results. When the drill bit temperature exceeds the drill bit temperature change threshold, it also determines whether the drilling fluid supply change threshold is exceeded. If it is also exceeded, it means that the drilling pressure at that location is large, which will affect the drill bit. When the drill bit deviates from the position, the position can be corrected in time, so that the safety and position of the drill bit can be automatically controlled and warned.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of automatic control of horizontal well drilling, and in particular to an automatic control system and method for horizontal well drilling. Background Art

[0002] Horizontal drilling is an advanced drilling technology that is widely used in the exploitation of resources such as oil, natural gas, and geothermal energy. Compared with traditional vertical drilling, horizontal drilling can effectively improve resource recovery, reduce environmental impact, and reduce construction costs.

[0003] A horizontal well refers to a drilling method in which the wellbore is horizontal or nearly horizontal underground. It usually extends horizontally in the formation to better contact the oil and gas layer or geothermal layer. Horizontal well drilling is usually divided into three stages: first, vertical drilling to a certain depth (establishing the main well section), then drilling at a certain angle to form a curved section, and finally drilling a horizontal section in the target layer.

[0004] However, at present, the control of horizontal well drilling mostly relies on expert judgment, and cannot judge and issue early warnings based on actual conditions. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides an automatic control system and method for horizontal well drilling, which has the advantages of automatic control and early warning, and solves the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: an automatic control system for horizontal well drilling, comprising a drilling data acquisition module, a drilling data analysis module and a drilling automatic control module;

[0007] The drilling data acquisition module includes a drill bit temperature data acquisition unit, a historical drilling data acquisition unit, a drill bit position data acquisition unit and a drilling fluid data acquisition unit;

[0008] The drill bit temperature data acquisition unit is used to collect the temperature data of the drill bit during the drilling process. The historical drilling data acquisition unit is used to collect the drill bit temperature data and drilling fluid supply data under different rock formations during the historical drilling process. The drill bit position data acquisition unit is used to collect the drill bit position data. The drilling fluid data acquisition unit is used to collect the drilling fluid data during the drilling process. , the drilling data acquisition module sends the data collected by each unit to the drilling data analysis module;

[0009] The drilling data analysis module includes a drill bit data analysis unit, a drill bit fluid supply analysis unit and a drill bit deviation data analysis unit. The drill bit data analysis unit analyzes the condition of the drill bit based on the temperature data of the drill bit during the drilling process and the temperature data of the historical drilling process to obtain a drill bit state analysis result. The drill bit fluid supply analysis unit analyzes the drilling fluid supply condition of the current drill bit based on the drilling fluid supply data to obtain a drilling fluid supply analysis result. The drill bit deviation data analysis unit is used to analyze the drill bit position to obtain a drill bit position analysis result. The drilling data analysis module sends the drill bit state analysis result, the drilling fluid analysis result and the drill bit position analysis result to the drilling automatic control module.

[0010] The automatic drilling control module determines whether drilling needs to be stopped based on the drill bit status analysis results and the drilling fluid analysis results, and determines whether deviation correction is needed based on the drill bit position analysis results.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the expression of the drill bit temperature data collected by the historical drilling data collection unit under different rock formations during the historical drilling process is as follows: ; ;in, represents a historical dataset, They represent the historical data set corresponding to the first rock formation type, , No. Historical datasets corresponding to rock formation types, , No. Historical data sets corresponding to rock formation types, Respectively expressed in The historical drill bit temperature data set corresponding to each rock formation type includes the maximum temperature data of the first drill bit during the drilling process, , No. The historical drill bit temperature dataset corresponding to the rock formation types The maximum temperature data of the drill bit during drilling, , No. The historical drill bit temperature dataset corresponding to the rock formation types The maximum temperature data of the drill bit during drilling, Respectively expressed in The historical drill bit temperature data set corresponding to each rock formation type, the drilling fluid supply data of the first drill bit during the drilling process, , No. The historical drill bit temperature dataset corresponding to the rock formation types The drilling fluid supply data of each drill bit during the drilling process.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the position data of the drill bit includes the current position of the drill bit and each preset drilling point, and its specific expression is as follows: in, Indicates the current position of the drill head. Respectively represent the coordinate data of the first drilling point of the drill bit, , No. Coordinate data of drilling points, , No. Coordinate data of drilling points.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the drill bit data analysis unit analyzes the condition of the drill bit based on the temperature data of the drill bit during the drilling process and the temperature data of the historical drilling process, and the specific steps of obtaining the drill bit status analysis result are as follows:

[0014] Step A1, determining the type of rock formation where the drill bit is currently located;

[0015] Step A2: Calculate the drill bit status analysis result through the drill bit temperature evaluation function.

[0016] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the specific expression of the drill bit temperature evaluation function in step A2 is as follows: in, Indicates the temperature data of the drill bit during the drilling process. It represents the drill bit status analysis result calculated by the drill bit temperature evaluation function. Indicates The historical drill bit temperature dataset corresponding to the rock formation types The maximum temperature data of the drill bit during drilling.

[0017] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the drill fluid supply analysis unit analyzes the drilling fluid supply situation of the current drill bit based on the drilling fluid supply data, and obtains the specific expression of the drilling fluid supply analysis result as follows: in, Indicates the drilling fluid supply analysis results, Indicates the drilling fluid data during the current drilling process. Indicates The historical drill bit temperature dataset corresponding to the rock formation types The drilling fluid supply data of each drill bit during drilling, express The maximum value in .

[0018] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the drill bit deviation data analysis unit is used to analyze the drill bit position, and the specific calculation expression for obtaining the drill bit position analysis result is as follows: in, Indicates Coordinate data of drilling points, Indicates the current position of the drill head. Indicates the drill position analysis results, Indicates the minimum value of the calculated result sequence.

[0019] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the specific constraints for the automatic drilling control module to determine whether drilling needs to be stopped are: , , when both constraints are satisfied, drilling stops, and when any one constraint is not satisfied, drilling continues. Indicates the drill bit temperature change threshold, Indicates the drilling fluid supply change threshold.

[0020] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the specific constraints for the automatic drilling control module to determine whether deviation correction is required based on the drill bit position analysis result are: ,in Indicates the drill position change threshold. When the constraint is met, it is determined that correction is required and the data is sent to the staff.

[0021] The invention also provides an automatic control method for horizontal well drilling, which uses the automatic control system for horizontal well drilling as described above, and includes the following steps:

[0022] Step 1: collecting temperature data, drilling fluid data, drill bit temperature data and drilling fluid supply data and drill bit position data in different rock formations during historical drilling;

[0023] Step 2: Analyze the condition of the drill bit based on the temperature data of the drill bit during the drilling process and the temperature data of the historical drilling process to obtain the drill bit status analysis result; analyze the drilling fluid supply condition of the current drill bit based on the drilling fluid supply data to obtain the drilling fluid supply analysis result; analyze the drill bit position to obtain the drill bit position analysis result;

[0024] Step three: determine whether drilling needs to be stopped based on the drill bit status analysis results and the drilling fluid analysis results, and determine whether deviation correction is needed based on the drill bit position analysis results.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides an automatic control system and method for horizontal well drilling, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0026] The present invention determines whether it is necessary to stop drilling based on the drill bit status analysis results and the drilling fluid analysis results. When the drill bit temperature exceeds the drill bit temperature change threshold, it also determines whether the drilling fluid supply change threshold is exceeded. If it is also exceeded, it means that the drilling pressure at that location is relatively large, which will affect the drill bit. When the drill bit deviates from the position, the position can be corrected in time to ensure the drilling progress, so that the safety and position of the drill bit can be automatically controlled and warned. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the system framework of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the process of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2 , an automatic control system for horizontal well drilling, comprising a drilling data acquisition module, a drilling data analysis module and a drilling automatic control module;

[0031] The drilling data acquisition module includes a drill bit temperature data acquisition unit, a historical drilling data acquisition unit, a drill bit position data acquisition unit and a drilling fluid data acquisition unit;

[0032] The drill bit temperature data acquisition unit is used to collect the temperature data of the drill bit during the drilling process. The historical drilling data acquisition unit is used to collect the drill bit temperature data and drilling fluid supply data under different rock formations during the historical drilling process. The drill bit position data acquisition unit is used to collect the drill bit position data. The drilling fluid data acquisition unit is used to collect the drilling fluid data during the drilling process. The drilling data acquisition module sends the data collected by each unit to the drilling data analysis module. The expression of the drill bit temperature data collected by the historical drilling data acquisition unit under different rock formations during the historical drilling process is as follows: ; ;in, represents a historical dataset, They represent the historical data set corresponding to the first rock formation type, , No. Historical datasets corresponding to rock formation types, , No. Historical data sets corresponding to rock formation types, Respectively expressed in The historical drill bit temperature data set corresponding to each rock formation type includes the maximum temperature data of the first drill bit during the drilling process, , No. The historical drill bit temperature dataset corresponding to the rock formation types The maximum temperature data of the drill bit during drilling, , No. The historical drill bit temperature dataset corresponding to the rock formation types The maximum temperature data of the drill bit during drilling, Respectively expressed in The historical drill bit temperature data set corresponding to each rock formation type, the drilling fluid supply data of the first drill bit during the drilling process, , No. The historical drill bit temperature dataset corresponding to the rock formation types Drilling fluid supply data for each drill bit during drilling;

[0033] The drilling data analysis module includes a drill bit data analysis unit, a drill bit fluid supply analysis unit and a drill bit deviation data analysis unit. The drill bit data analysis unit analyzes the drill bit status based on the temperature data of the drill bit during the drilling process and the temperature data of the historical drilling process to obtain a drill bit status analysis result. The drill bit fluid supply analysis unit analyzes the drilling fluid supply status of the current drill bit based on the drilling fluid supply data to obtain a drilling fluid supply analysis result. The drill bit deviation data analysis unit is used to analyze the drill bit position to obtain a drill bit position analysis result. The drilling data analysis module sends the drill bit status analysis result, the drilling fluid analysis result and the drill bit position analysis result to the drilling automatic control module.

[0034] The drilling automatic control module determines whether drilling needs to be stopped based on the drill bit status analysis results and the drilling fluid analysis results. The drilling automatic control module determines whether deviation correction is needed based on the drill bit position analysis results. The specific constraints for the drilling automatic control module to determine whether drilling needs to be stopped are: , , when both constraints are satisfied, drilling stops, and when any one constraint is not satisfied, drilling continues. Indicates the drill bit temperature change threshold, Indicates the drilling fluid supply change threshold. The specific constraints for the drilling automatic control module to determine whether deviation correction is required based on the drill bit position analysis results are: ,in It indicates the drill bit position change threshold. When the constraint is met, it is determined that correction is required and the data is sent to the staff, thereby ensuring automatic preliminary calculation of the drill bit temperature and drilling fluid supply. When the drill bit temperature exceeds the drill bit temperature change threshold, it is also determined whether the drilling fluid supply change threshold is exceeded. If it is also exceeded, it means that the drilling pressure at this location is large, which will affect the drill bit. When the drill bit deviates from the position, it can be corrected in time to ensure the drilling progress.

[0035] The drill bit position data includes the current position of the drill bit and the preset drilling points. The specific expression is as follows: in, Indicates the current position of the drill head. Respectively represent the coordinate data of the first drilling point of the drill bit, , No. Coordinate data of drilling points, , No. Coordinate data of drilling points.

[0036] The drill bit data analysis unit analyzes the drill bit status based on the temperature data of the drill bit during the drilling process and the temperature data of the historical drilling process. The specific steps to obtain the drill bit status analysis result are to first determine the type of rock formation where the drill bit is currently located, and then use the drill bit temperature evaluation function to determine the type of rock formation. The drill bit status analysis results are calculated, where: Indicates the temperature data of the drill bit during the drilling process. It represents the drill bit status analysis result calculated by the drill bit temperature evaluation function. Indicates The historical drill bit temperature dataset corresponding to the rock formation types The maximum temperature data of the drill bit during drilling.

[0037] The drill fluid supply analysis unit analyzes the drilling fluid supply situation of the current drill bit based on the drilling fluid supply data, and obtains the specific expression of the drilling fluid supply analysis result as follows: in, Indicates the drilling fluid supply analysis results, Indicates the drilling fluid data during the current drilling process. Indicates The historical drill bit temperature dataset corresponding to the rock formation types The drilling fluid supply data of each drill bit during drilling, express The drill deviation data analysis unit is used to analyze the drill position, and the specific calculation expression for the drill position analysis result is as follows: in, Indicates Coordinate data of drilling points, Indicates the current position of the drill head. Indicates the drill position analysis results, Indicates the minimum value of the calculated result sequence.

[0038] The present invention also provides an automatic control method for horizontal well drilling, which uses the automatic control system for horizontal well drilling as described above, and comprises the following steps:

[0039] Step 1: collecting temperature data, drilling fluid data, drill bit temperature data and drilling fluid supply data and drill bit position data in different rock formations during historical drilling;

[0040] Step 2: Analyze the condition of the drill bit based on the temperature data of the drill bit during the drilling process and the temperature data of the historical drilling process to obtain the drill bit status analysis result; analyze the drilling fluid supply condition of the current drill bit based on the drilling fluid supply data to obtain the drilling fluid supply analysis result; analyze the drill bit position to obtain the drill bit position analysis result;

[0041] Step three: determine whether drilling needs to be stopped based on the drill bit status analysis results and the drilling fluid analysis results, and determine whether deviation correction is needed based on the drill bit position analysis results.

[0042] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An automatic control system for horizontal well drilling, characterized in that: It includes a drilling data acquisition module, a drilling data analysis module and a drilling automatic control module; The drilling data acquisition module includes a drill bit temperature data acquisition unit, a historical drilling data acquisition unit, a drill bit position data acquisition unit and a drilling fluid data acquisition unit; The drill bit temperature data acquisition unit is used to collect the temperature data of the drill bit during the drilling process. The historical drilling data acquisition unit is used to collect the drill bit temperature data and drilling fluid supply data under different rock formations during the historical drilling process. The drill bit position data acquisition unit is used to collect the drill bit position data. The drilling fluid data acquisition unit is used to collect the drilling fluid data during the drilling process. , the drilling data acquisition module sends the data collected by each unit to the drilling data analysis module; The drilling data analysis module includes a drill bit data analysis unit, a drill bit fluid supply analysis unit and a drill bit deviation data analysis unit. The drill bit data analysis unit analyzes the condition of the drill bit based on the temperature data of the drill bit during the drilling process and the temperature data of the historical drilling process to obtain a drill bit state analysis result. The drill bit fluid supply analysis unit analyzes the drilling fluid supply condition of the current drill bit based on the drilling fluid supply data to obtain a drilling fluid supply analysis result. The drill bit deviation data analysis unit is used to analyze the drill bit position to obtain a drill bit position analysis result. The drilling data analysis module sends the drill bit state analysis result, the drilling fluid analysis result and the drill bit position analysis result to the drilling automatic control module. The drill bit data analysis unit analyzes the drill bit status based on the temperature data of the drill bit during the drilling process and the temperature data of the historical drilling process, and obtains the drill bit status analysis result in the following specific steps: Step A1, determining the type of rock formation where the drill bit is currently located; Step A2, obtaining a drill bit status analysis result by calculating a drill bit temperature evaluation function; The specific expression of the drill bit temperature evaluation function in step A2 is as follows: ， in, Indicates the temperature data of the drill bit during the drilling process. It represents the drill bit status analysis result calculated by the drill bit temperature evaluation function. Indicates The historical drill bit temperature dataset corresponding to the rock formation types Maximum temperature data of the drill bit during drilling; The drilling fluid supply analysis unit analyzes the drilling fluid supply situation of the current drill bit based on the drilling fluid supply data, and obtains the specific expression of the drilling fluid supply analysis result as follows: ， in, Indicates the drilling fluid supply analysis results, Indicates the drilling fluid data during the current drilling process. Indicates The historical drill bit temperature dataset corresponding to the rock formation types The drilling fluid supply data of each drill bit during drilling, express The maximum value in ; The drill deviation data analysis unit is used to analyze the drill position, and the specific calculation expression for obtaining the drill position analysis result is as follows: ， in, Indicates Coordinate data of drilling points, Indicates the current position of the drill head. Indicates the drill position analysis results, Indicates the minimum value of the calculation result sequence; The automatic drilling control module determines whether drilling needs to be stopped based on the drill bit status analysis results and the drilling fluid analysis results, and determines whether deviation correction is needed based on the drill bit position analysis results.

2. The automatic control system for horizontal well drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The expression for the drill bit temperature data collected by the historical drilling data collection unit under different rock formations during the historical drilling process is as follows: ， in, represents a historical dataset, They represent the historical data set corresponding to the first rock formation type, , No. Historical datasets corresponding to rock formation types, , No. Historical data sets corresponding to rock formation types, Respectively expressed in The historical drill bit temperature data set corresponding to each rock formation type includes the maximum temperature data of the first drill bit during the drilling process, , No. The historical drill bit temperature dataset corresponding to the rock formation types The maximum temperature data of the drill bit during drilling, , No. The historical drill bit temperature dataset corresponding to the rock formation types The maximum temperature data of the drill bit during drilling, Respectively expressed in The historical drill bit temperature data set corresponding to each rock formation type, the drilling fluid supply data of the first drill bit during the drilling process, , No. The historical drill bit temperature dataset corresponding to the rock formation types Drilling fluid supply data for each drill bit during drilling, , No. The historical drill bit temperature dataset corresponding to the rock formation types The drilling fluid supply data of each drill bit during the drilling process.

3. The automatic control system for horizontal well drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The position data of the drill bit includes the current position of the drill bit and each preset drilling point, and its specific expression is as follows: ， in, Indicates the current position of the drill head. Respectively represent the coordinate data of the first drilling point of the drill bit, , No. Coordinate data of drilling points, , No. Coordinate data of drilling points.

4. The automatic control system for horizontal well drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific constraints for the drilling automatic control module to determine whether drilling needs to be stopped are: , , when both constraints are satisfied, drilling stops, and when any one constraint is not satisfied, drilling continues. Indicates the drill bit temperature change threshold, Indicates the drilling fluid supply change threshold.

5. The automatic control system for horizontal well drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific constraints for the automatic drilling control module to determine whether deviation correction is required based on the drill bit position analysis result are: ,in Indicates the drill position change threshold. When the constraint is met, it is determined that correction is required and the data is sent to the staff.

6. An automatic control method for horizontal well drilling, using the automatic control system for horizontal well drilling according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: collecting temperature data, drilling fluid data, drill bit temperature data and drilling fluid supply data and drill bit position data in different rock formations during historical drilling; Step 2: Analyze the condition of the drill bit based on the temperature data of the drill bit during the drilling process and the temperature data of the historical drilling process to obtain the drill bit status analysis result; analyze the drilling fluid supply condition of the current drill bit based on the drilling fluid supply data to obtain the drilling fluid supply analysis result; analyze the drill bit position to obtain the drill bit position analysis result; Step 3: judging whether drilling needs to be stopped based on the drill bit status analysis results and the drilling fluid analysis results, and judging whether deviation correction is needed based on the drill bit position analysis results; The specific steps of analyzing the drill bit status based on the temperature data of the drill bit during the drilling process and the temperature data of the historical drilling process to obtain the drill bit status analysis result are as follows: Step A1, determining the type of rock formation where the drill bit is currently located; Step A2, obtaining a drill bit status analysis result by calculating a drill bit temperature evaluation function; The specific expression of the drill bit temperature evaluation function in step A2 is as follows: ， in, Indicates the temperature data of the drill bit during the drilling process. It represents the drill bit status analysis result calculated by the drill bit temperature evaluation function. Indicates The historical drill bit temperature dataset corresponding to the rock formation types Maximum temperature data of the drill bit during drilling; Based on the drilling fluid supply data, the drilling fluid supply situation of the current drill bit is analyzed, and the specific expression of the drilling fluid supply analysis result is as follows: ， in, Indicates the drilling fluid supply analysis results, Indicates the drilling fluid data during the current drilling process. Indicates The historical drill bit temperature dataset corresponding to the rock formation types The drilling fluid supply data of each drill bit during drilling, express The maximum value in ; The drill bit position is analyzed and the specific calculation expression of the drill bit position analysis result is as follows: ， in, Indicates Coordinate data of drilling points, Indicates the current position of the drill head. Indicates the drill position analysis results, Indicates the minimum value of the calculated result sequence.

Images