A caisson used in densely populated housing areas and its construction method

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of civil engineering technology, in particular to a caisson used in densely populated housing areas and a construction method thereof, comprising a caisson body and a correction device, the correction device comprising a connecting rod and a plurality of measuring assemblies, the plurality of measuring assemblies being spaced apart and connected to the outer wall of the connecting rod along the axis of the connecting rod, the measuring assembly comprising a measuring rod and a load-bearing block, the measuring rod being connected to the outer wall of the connecting rod, the load-bearing block being slidably connected to the surface of the measuring rod, and a plurality of measuring cavities for embedding the ends of the measuring rods at intervals on the inner wall of the caisson body. The provision of the measuring rod and the load-bearing block in the present application enables the staff to directly observe the deviation angle of the caisson body and quickly correct the deviation of the caisson body, making it less likely for the caisson body to deviate and squeeze the foundation, thereby ensuring the stability of the walls of nearby houses and thus protecting the lives of nearby residents; the plurality of measuring assemblies are spaced apart around the axis of the connecting rod, thereby achieving simultaneous detection of various angles of the inner wall of the caisson body, shortening the installation period of the caisson body, and thereby improving the sinking efficiency of the caisson body.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of civil engineering technology, and in particular to a caisson used in densely populated housing areas and a construction method thereof. Background Art

[0002] A caisson is a shaft-like structure that is constructed by digging soil inside the well and relying on its own gravity to overcome the frictional resistance of the well wall and then sink to the designed elevation. The bottom is then sealed with concrete and the well hole is filled, making it the foundation of a bridge pier or other structure.

[0003] When the caisson shifts during the sinking process, the caisson squeezes the foundation and causes cracks in the walls of nearby houses, thus affecting the lives of nearby residents. Therefore, the sinking position of the caisson needs to be observed during the sinking process to facilitate the correction of the caisson. At present, the position of the caisson needs to be measured after sinking 1m, which extends the installation period of the caisson and reduces the sinking efficiency of the caisson. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to improve the problem of the installation period of the caisson, the present application provides a caisson for use in a densely populated area and a construction method thereof.

[0005] In the first aspect, the present application provides a caisson for use in densely populated areas, which adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A caisson for use in densely populated areas comprises a well body and a correction device, the correction device comprising a connecting rod and a plurality of measuring assemblies, the plurality of measuring assemblies being connected to the outer wall of the connecting rod at intervals along the axis of the connecting rod, and the plurality of measuring assemblies being distributed at intervals around the axis of the connecting rod, the measuring assembly comprising a measuring rod and a load-bearing block, the measuring rod being connected to the outer wall of the connecting rod, the axis of the connecting rod and the axis of the measuring rod being perpendicular to each other, the load-bearing block being slidably connected to the surface of the measuring rod, the sliding direction of the load-bearing block and the axis of the measuring rod being parallel to each other, and a plurality of measuring cavities for embedding the ends of the measuring rods being provided at intervals on the inner wall of the well body.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, when caissons are installed in densely populated areas, the measuring components and the measuring cavities correspond one to one, the end of the measuring rod is embedded in the measuring cavity, and the outer wall of the measuring rod abuts the inner wall of the measuring cavity to form a limit, thereby realizing the connection of the correction device on the well body; when the inner wall of the well body deviates, the load-bearing block is driven to slide on the surface of the measuring rod, so that the staff can directly observe the deviation angle of the well body and quickly correct the well body, making it less likely for the well body to deviate and squeeze the foundation, thereby ensuring the stability of the walls of nearby houses and thus protecting the lives of nearby residents; multiple measuring components are spaced around the axis of the connecting rod to realize simultaneous detection of various angles of the well body wall, shorten the installation period of the well body, and thus improve the sinking efficiency of the caisson.

[0008] The gear train is connected to the transmission gear of the said transmission gear and the transmission gear of the said transmission gear is connected to the gear train of the said transmission gear and the transmission gear of the said transmission gear is connected to the gear train of the said transmission gear and the transmission gear of the said transmission gear is connected to the gear train of the said transmission gear and the transmission gear of the said transmission gear is connected to the gear train of the said transmission gear.

[0009] By adopting the above technical scheme, the end of the load-bearing block is embedded in the limit groove, and the end face of the load-bearing block abuts the inner wall of the limit groove to form a limit, so that the load-bearing block is not easy to slide when the measuring rod is installed, thereby ensuring the limiting stability of the load-bearing block; when the two ends of the measuring rod are embedded in the measuring cavity one by one, the end of the positioning rod protruding from the measuring rod abuts the inner wall of the measuring cavity, and the inner wall of the measuring cavity drives the positioning rod to slide toward the direction close to the positioning cavity, the air pressure in the positioning cavity increases, and the air in the positioning cavity drives rack 1 to slide on the inner wall of the positioning cavity, rack 1 engages gear 1, drives gear 1 to rotate, and the inner wall of tooth groove 1 engages gear 1, driving the limit plate to slide in the direction away from the load-bearing block, the end of the load-bearing block disengages from the limit groove, and the limiting effect of the limit plate on the load-bearing block disappears, thereby realizing directional start of the sliding of the load-bearing block, so that the load-bearing block is not easily damaged by impact during the installation of the measuring rod, thereby ensuring the stability of the operation of the correction device.

[0010] Optionally, the measuring component also includes a measuring elastic member, one end of the measuring elastic member in the elastic direction is connected to the inner wall of the positioning cavity, and the other end of the measuring elastic member in the elastic direction is connected to the surface of the positioning rod. The measuring elastic member has an elastic force that drives the positioning rod to slide away from the positioning cavity, and the end of the positioning rod tends to protrude from the surface of the measuring rod.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, when the measuring rod is separated from the measuring cavity, the pressure of the inner wall of the measuring rod on the positioning rod disappears, and the elastic force of the measuring elastic member drives the positioning rod to slide in the direction away from the positioning cavity. The end of the positioning rod protrudes from the surface of the measuring rod, thereby realizing automatic resetting of the positioning rod. At the same time, the air pressure in the positioning cavity is reduced, driving the rack 1 to slide on the inner wall of the positioning cavity, driving the gear 1 to rotate, and the gear 1 engages the inner wall of the tooth groove 1, driving the limit plate to slide in the direction close to the load-bearing block, and the end of the load-bearing block is embedded in the limit groove, and the end of the load-bearing block abuts against the inner wall of the limit groove to form a limit, thereby realizing directional limit of the load-bearing block on the measuring rod.

[0012] Optionally, the measuring component also includes contact switch 1, contact switch 2, measuring light 1 and measuring light 2, wherein the measuring light 1 and measuring light 2 are spaced apart at both ends of the axis of the measuring rod, the contact switch 1 and contact switch 2 are spaced apart and connected on the plate surface of the limit plate facing the load-bearing block, the contact switch 1 and contact switch 2 are located on both sides of the load-bearing block, the contact switch 1 is electrically connected to the measuring light 1, and the contact switch 2 is electrically connected to the measuring light 2.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, contact switch 1 is electrically connected to measuring light 1, and contact switch 2 is electrically connected to measuring light 2. When the limit plate slides in the direction away from the load-bearing block, the load-bearing block disengages from the limit groove, and the limiting effect of the limit plate on the load-bearing block disappears. Contact switch 1 and contact switch 2 are located on both sides of the load-bearing block. When the inner wall of the well body near measuring light 1 deviates, the load-bearing block is driven to slide along the axis of the measuring rod in the direction close to contact switch 1. Contact switch 1 abuts the load-bearing block and is turned on, and measuring light 1 is energized and illuminates, thereby alerting the staff to correct the inner wall of the well body in time, so that the well body is not easily deviated and squeezes the foundation, ensuring the stability of the walls of nearby houses, thereby protecting the lives of nearby residents.

[0014] Optionally, a prompt component is connected to the connecting rod, and the prompt component includes a contact switch three, a prompt rod and a prompt light. The connecting rod is coaxially provided with a prompt cavity, the prompt light is connected to the inner wall of the prompt cavity, the contact switch three is connected to the inner wall of the positioning cavity, the contact switch three is electrically connected to the prompt light, the inner wall of the prompt cavity is provided with a prompt groove for the prompt rod to slide, the sliding direction of the prompt rod and the axis of the connecting rod are perpendicular to each other, a prompt hole is provided on the surface of the prompt rod, the prompt hole passes through the outer wall of the prompt rod, the prompt groove is connected to the limit cavity, and a guide surface is provided on the surface of the prompt rod facing the limit cavity, the inclination height of the guide surface decreases as the distance to the limit plate decreases, and when the limit plate slides toward the limit cavity, the guide surface abuts the limit plate surface and drives the prompt rod to slide toward the prompt cavity, and the prompt hole is connected to the prompt cavity.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, when the inner wall of the measuring cavity abuts the surface of the positioning rod and drives the positioning rod to slide toward the direction close to the positioning cavity, the third contact switch abuts the positioning rod and is turned on, and the prompt light is energized and illuminated; at the same time, the gear rotates, driving the limit plate to slide toward the direction close to the limit cavity, and the end of the load-bearing block disengages from the limit groove, so that the limiting effect of the limit plate on the load-bearing block disappears, and the guide surface abuts the surface of the limit plate and guides the prompt rod to slide toward the direction close to the prompt cavity. The prompt cavity is connected to the prompt hole, and the staff can judge the installation status of the correction device and the well body by observing the light of the prompt light, thereby improving the correction accuracy of the well body.

[0016] Optionally, the prompt component also includes a prompt elastic member, one end of the prompt elastic member in the elastic direction is connected to the inner wall of the prompt groove, and the other end of the prompt elastic member in the elastic direction is connected to the surface of the prompt rod, and the prompt elastic member has the tendency to drive the prompt rod to slide away from the prompt cavity and separate the prompt hole and the prompt cavity.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, when the limit plate slides away from the limit cavity, the pressure of the limit plate on the prompt rod disappears, and the elastic force of the prompt elastic member drives the prompt rod to slide in the direction away from the prompt cavity, separating the prompt hole from the prompt cavity, thereby realizing directional reset of the prompt rod.

[0018] Optionally, an abutting airbag is connected to the inner wall of the measuring cavity, and the surface of the abutting airbag can abut against the end face of the measuring rod to form a limit.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, when the end of the measuring rod is embedded in the measuring cavity, the outer wall of the measuring rod presses against the surface of the airbag to form a limit, so that the end of the measuring rod is not easily offset in the measuring cavity, thereby ensuring the limit stability of the measuring rod in the measurement and control cavity.

[0020] Optionally, a clamping assembly is connected to the well body, and the clamping assembly includes rack 2 and gear 2. A rotating chamber for rotating gear 2 is provided on the inner wall of the measuring chamber, and the positioning chamber passes through the outer wall of the measuring rod toward the rotating chamber. A tooth groove 2 is provided on the surface of the positioning rod for meshing with gear 2. Rack 2 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the rotating chamber, and the sliding direction of rack 2 and the sliding direction of the positioning rod are perpendicular to each other. Rack 2 meshes with gear 2, and the rotating chamber is connected to the inner chamber of the clamping airbag.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, when the end of the measuring rod is embedded in the measuring cavity, tooth groove two engages gear two and drives gear two to rotate, gear two engages rack two, driving rack two to slide on the inner wall of the rotating cavity, and the rotating cavity is connected to the airbag cavity, the air pressure in the rotating cavity increases, and the air in the rotating cavity enters and presses against the airbag cavity, pressing against the airbag cavity to increase pressure and expand and press against the outer wall of the measuring rod, further improving the limiting stability of the measuring rod in the measuring cavity.

[0022] Optionally, the clamping assembly also includes a clamping elastic member, one end of the clamping elastic member in the elastic direction is connected to the inner wall of the rotating chamber, and the other end of the clamping elastic member in the elastic direction is connected to the surface of rack 2. The clamping elastic member has a tendency to drive rack 2 to slide away from the rotating chamber by elastic force.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, when the end of the measuring rod leaves the measuring cavity, the elastic force of the pressing elastic part tends to slide rack 2 in the direction away from the rotating cavity, the air pressure in the rotating cavity is reduced, and the air in the inner cavity of the pressing airbag enters the rotating cavity. The limiting effect of the surface of the pressing airbag on the measuring rod disappears, thereby achieving directional reset of the pressing airbag.

[0024] Secondly, the present application provides a caisson construction method for densely populated areas, which adopts the following technical solutions:

[0025] A method for constructing a caisson for use in densely populated areas, using the above-mentioned caisson for use in densely populated areas, comprises the following steps:

[0026] S1. Ground treatment: Arrange a circle of ground treatment piles at the inner edge of the caisson location;

[0027] S2. Housing protection measures: Place a circle of housing protection columns around the caisson implementation location;

[0028] S3. Caisson construction, using drilling rig for drilling work.

[0029] By adopting the above technical solution, a circle of house protection columns are constructed around the well to reduce the disturbance of foundation pit excavation on surrounding houses, making the walls of surrounding houses less likely to crack, thereby protecting the lives of nearby residents.

[0030] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0031] 1. The setting of the measuring rod and the bearing block enables the staff to directly observe the deviation angle of the well body and quickly correct the well body, making it less likely for the well body to deviate and squeeze the foundation, ensuring the stability of the walls of nearby houses and thus protecting the lives of nearby residents. Multiple measuring components are spaced around the axis of the connecting rod to achieve simultaneous detection of various angles of the well body wall, shortening the well body installation period and thus improving the sinking efficiency of the caisson.

[0032] 2. The arrangement of the positioning rod, rack 1, gear 1 and limit plate realizes the directional start of the sliding of the load-bearing block, so that the load-bearing block is not easily damaged by impact during the installation of the measuring rod, thereby ensuring the stability of the operation of the correction device;

[0033] 3. The setting of contact switch 1, contact switch 2, measuring light 1 and measuring light 2 warns the staff to correct the inner wall of the well body in time, so that the well body is not easily offset and squeezes the foundation, ensuring the stability of the walls of nearby houses, thereby protecting the lives of nearby residents. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure in the embodiment of the present application.

[0035] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the correction device in the embodiment of the present application.

[0036] Figure 3 It is a partial cross-sectional view in an embodiment of the present application, mainly showing the measurement components.

[0037] Figure 4 It is a partial cross-sectional view in an embodiment of the present application, mainly showing the prompt component.

[0038] Figure 5 It is a partial cross-sectional view in an embodiment of the present application, mainly showing the tightening component.

[0039] Explanation of reference numerals: 1, well body; 11, measuring chamber; 12, rotating chamber; 2, deviation correction device; 21, connecting rod; 211, prompt chamber; 212, prompt slot; 22, measuring assembly; 221, load-bearing block; 222, measuring rod; 2221, positioning chamber; 2222, limiting chamber; 223, positioning rod; 2231, tooth groove 2; 224, rack 1; 225, gear 1; 226, limiting plate; 2261, limiting slot; 2262 , tooth groove one; 227, measuring elastic member; 228, contact switch one; 229, contact switch two; 2210, measuring light one; 2211, measuring light two; 3, roller; 4, prompt component; 41, contact switch three; 42, prompt rod; 421, prompt hole; 422, guide surface; 43, prompt light; 44, prompt elastic member; 5, tightening airbag; 6, tightening component; 61, rack two; 62, gear two; 63, tightening elastic member. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The following is combined with Figure 1-5 This application is described in further detail.

[0041] The embodiment of the present application discloses a caisson for use in a densely populated area. Figure 1 A caisson used in densely populated areas includes a well body 1 and a correction device 2. The correction device 2 is connected to the well body 1. The correction device 2 can perform correction detection on the well body 1 during the sinking process, so that the well body 1 is not easily offset and squeezed into the foundation, thereby ensuring the stability of the walls of nearby houses and thus protecting the lives of nearby residents.

[0042] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 The correction device 2 includes a connecting rod 21 and a plurality of measuring components 22. The plurality of measuring components 22 are evenly connected to the outer wall of the connecting rod 21 along the axis of the connecting rod 21. The axis of the connecting rod 21 and the axis of the well body 1 are parallel to each other. The plurality of measuring components 22 are evenly distributed around the axis of the connecting rod 21.

[0043] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 The measuring assembly 22 includes a measuring rod 222, a load-bearing block 221, a positioning rod 223, a rack 1 224, a gear 1 225, a limit plate 226, a measuring elastic member 227, a contact switch 1 228, a contact switch 2 229, a measuring light 1 2210 and a measuring light 2 2211. The measuring rod 222 is welded and fixed to the outer wall of the connecting rod 21. The axis of the measuring rod 222 and the axis of the connecting rod 21 are perpendicular to each other. The load-bearing block 221 is slidably connected to the surface of the measuring rod 222. The sliding direction of the load-bearing block 221 and the axis of the measuring rod 222 are parallel to each other. The end face of the load-bearing block 221 is rotatably connected to a roller 3. The wheel surface of the roller 3 is in rolling contact with the rod surface of the measuring rod 222. The rolling friction replaces the sliding friction, which reduces the wear between the load-bearing block 221 and the measuring rod 222, thereby ensuring the stability of the load-bearing block 221 sliding on the rod surface of the measuring rod 222.

[0044] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 3 , a plurality of measuring cavities 11 for embedding the ends of the measuring rods 222 are evenly spaced on the inner wall of the well body 1, and the plurality of measuring cavities 11 are evenly spaced around the axis of the well body 1, and a positioning cavity 2221 for sliding the positioning rod 223 is provided on the surface of the measuring rod 222 facing the measuring cavity 11. In the embodiment of the present application, the positioning rod 223 is equivalent to a piston, and the sliding direction of the positioning rod 223 is parallel to the axis of the connecting rod 21. The measuring elastic member 227 can be a compression spring or a tension spring. In the embodiment of the present application, the measuring elastic member 227 is a compression spring with a certain deformation ability. One end of the measuring elastic member 227 in the elastic direction is fixed on the inner wall of the positioning cavity 2221, and the other end of the measuring elastic member 227 in the elastic direction is fixed on the surface of the positioning rod 223. The measuring elastic member 227 has an elastic force that drives the positioning rod 223 to slide in the direction away from the positioning cavity 2221, and the end of the positioning rod 223 tends to protrude from the surface of the measuring rod 222.

[0045] Reference Figure 3 The surface of the measuring rod 222 facing the load-bearing block 221 is provided with a limiting cavity 2222 for the limiting plate 226 to slide, and the sliding direction of the limiting plate 226 is parallel to the sliding direction of the positioning rod 223. The surface of the limiting plate 226 facing the load-bearing block 221 is provided with a limiting groove 2261 for the end of the load-bearing block 221 to be embedded in. The inner wall of the limiting groove 2261 can abut against the outer wall of the load-bearing block 221 and form a limit.

[0046] Reference Figure 3The limiting cavity 2222 is connected to the positioning cavity 2221, and the rack 224 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the positioning cavity 2221 near the limiting cavity 2222. In the embodiment of the present application, the rack 224 is equivalent to a piston, and the sliding direction of the rack 224 and the sliding direction of the positioning rod 223 are parallel to each other. The gear 225 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the limiting cavity 2222. The rack 224 and the limiting plate 226 are located on both sides of the gear 225. The rack 224 meshes with the gear 225, and the surface of the limiting plate 226 is provided with a tooth groove 2262 that meshes with the gear 225.

[0047] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 Contact switch 1 228 and contact switch 2 229 are fixed at intervals on the surface of the limit plate 226 facing the load-bearing block 221. Contact switch 1 228 and contact switch 2 229 are located on both sides of the load-bearing block 221. Measuring light 1 2210 and measuring light 2 2211 are fixed at intervals at both ends of the axis direction of the measuring rod 222. Measuring light 1 2210 is electrically connected to contact switch 1 228, and measuring light 2 2211 is electrically connected to contact switch 2 229.

[0048] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 When the two ends of the measuring rod 222 are embedded in the measuring cavity 11 in a one-to-one correspondence, the inner wall of the measuring cavity 11 abuts the positioning rod 223 and drives the positioning rod 223 to slide toward the direction of the positioning cavity 2221. The air pressure in the positioning cavity 2221 increases, driving the rack 1 224 to slide on the inner wall of the positioning cavity 2221. The rack 1 224 engages with the gear 1 225, driving the gear 1 225 to rotate. The tooth groove 1 2262 engages with the wheel surface of the gear 1 225, driving the limit plate 226 to slide toward the direction of the limit cavity 2222, and the bearing block 221 is separated. The limiting groove 2261 makes the limiting effect of the limiting plate 226 on the load-bearing block 221 disappear. When the inner wall of the well body 1 near the measuring light 2210 deviates, the load-bearing block 221 slides along the surface of the measuring rod 222 toward the direction close to the contact switch 228. The contact switch 228 abuts against the load-bearing block 221 and is turned on. The measuring light 2210 is energized and illuminates, alerting the staff to correct the inner wall of the well body 1 in time, so that the well body 1 is not easily deviated and squeezed into the foundation, thereby ensuring the stability of the walls of nearby houses and protecting the lives of nearby residents.

[0049] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4The connecting rod 21 is connected to a prompt assembly 4, which can display the contact status between the load-bearing block 221 and the limit plate 226. The prompt assembly 4 includes a contact switch 3 41, a prompt rod 42, a prompt light 43, and a prompt elastic member 44. A prompt cavity 211 is coaxially formed on the top surface of the connecting rod 21. The prompt light 43 is fixed to the bottom wall of the prompt cavity 211. The contact switch 3 41 is fixed to the inner wall of the positioning cavity 2221 near the measuring elastic member 227. The contact switch 3 41 is electrically connected to the prompt light 43. A prompt groove 212 is formed on the inner wall of the prompt cavity 211 for the prompt rod 42 to slide. The sliding direction of the prompt rod 42 is perpendicular to the axis of the connecting rod 21. A prompt hole 421 is formed on the inner wall of the prompt cavity 211 near the prompt cavity 211. The axis of the prompt hole 421 is parallel to the axis of the connecting rod 21. The prompt hole 421 passes through the outer wall of the prompt rod 42 along its own axis.

[0050] Reference Figure 4 The prompt elastic member 44 can be a compression spring or a tension spring. In the embodiment of the present application, the prompt elastic member 44 is a compression spring with a certain deformation ability. One end of the prompt elastic member 44 in the elastic direction is fixed to the inner wall of the prompt groove 212, and the other end of the prompt elastic member 44 in the elastic direction is fixed to the surface of the prompt rod 42. The prompt elastic member 44 has the elastic force to drive the prompt rod 42 to slide in the direction away from the prompt cavity 211, and to separate the prompt hole 421 and the prompt cavity 211.

[0051] Reference Figure 4 The prompt groove 212 is connected to the limit cavity 2222, and a guide surface 422 is provided on the surface of the prompt rod 42 facing the limit cavity 2222. The inclined height of the guide surface 422 decreases as the distance to the limit plate 226 decreases. The guide surface 422 can abut the surface of the limit plate 226 and guide the prompt rod 42 to slide on the inner wall of the prompt groove 212.

[0052] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4 When the positioning rod 223 slides toward the positioning cavity 2221 and the limit plate 226 slides toward the limit cavity 2222, the contact switch three 41 abuts the positioning rod 223 and is turned on, and the prompt light 43 is energized and illuminated. At the same time, the guide surface 422 abuts the surface of the limit plate 226 and guides the prompt rod 42 to slide toward the prompt cavity 211. The prompt cavity 211 is connected to the prompt hole 421. The light emitted by the prompt light 43 passes through the prompt cavity 211 and the prompt hole 421 in turn and passes out, so that the staff can directly observe the lighting of the prompt light 43 to know the installation status between the measuring rod 222 and the measuring cavity 11.

[0053] Reference Figure 5A tightening airbag 5 is fixed to the inner wall of the measuring cavity 11. The material of the tightening airbag 5 can be rubber or silicone. In the embodiment of the present application, the material of the tightening airbag 5 is rubber, which has a certain deformation ability. The surface of the tightening airbag 5 can press against the outer wall of the measuring rod 222 to form a limit, so that the measuring rod 222 is not easy to deviate in the measuring cavity 11, thereby improving the limit stability of the measuring rod 222 in the measuring cavity 11.

[0054] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 5 The well body 1 is connected to a pressing assembly 6, which can drive the pressing airbag 5 to expand and press against the outer wall of the measuring rod 222. The pressing assembly 6 includes a second rack 61, a second gear 62, and a pressing elastic member 63. The inner wall of the measuring cavity 11 is provided with a rotating cavity 12 for the rotation of the second gear 62. The positioning cavity 2221 penetrates the outer wall of the measuring rod 222 in the direction close to the rotating cavity 12. The surface of the positioning rod 223 is provided with a second tooth groove 2231 that meshes with the second gear 62. The second rack 61 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the rotating cavity 12. In the embodiment of the present application, the second rack 61 is equivalent to a piston. The second rack 61 meshes with the second gear 62, and the rotating cavity 12 is connected to the inner cavity of the pressing airbag 5.

[0055] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 5 The elastic member 63 can be a compression spring or a tension spring. In the embodiment of the present application, the elastic member 63 is a compression spring with a certain degree of deformation. One end of the elastic member 63 in the direction of elastic force is fixed to the inner wall of the rotating chamber 12, and the other end of the elastic member 63 in the direction of elastic force is fixed to the surface of the second rack 61. The elastic member 63 has the tendency to drive the second rack 61 to slide away from the rotating chamber 12.

[0056] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 5 When the end of the measuring rod 222 is embedded in the measuring cavity 11, the inner wall of the tooth groove 2231 engages with the gear 2 62, driving the gear 2 62 to rotate, and the rack 2 61 engages with the gear 2 62, driving the rack 2 61 to slide toward the rotating cavity 12. The air pressure in the rotating cavity 12 increases, and the air in the rotating cavity 12 enters the inner cavity of the pressing airbag 5, pressurizing and expanding the inner cavity of the pressing airbag 5 and pressing against the outer wall of the measuring rod 222 to form a limit, further increasing the pressing force between the measuring rod 222 and the pressing airbag 5.

[0057] The implementation principle of the caisson used in the housing-dense area according to the embodiment of the present application is as follows: when the well body 1 is installed, the two ends of the measuring rod 222 are embedded in the measuring cavity 11 in a one-to-one correspondence, the inner wall of the measuring cavity 11 abuts the positioning rod 223 and drives the positioning rod 223 to slide in the direction close to the positioning cavity 2221, the air pressure in the positioning cavity 2221 increases, driving the rack 1 224 to slide on the inner wall of the positioning cavity 2221, the rack 1 224 meshes with the gear 1 225, driving the gear 1 225 to rotate, the tooth groove 1 2262 meshes with the wheel surface of the gear 1 225, driving the limit plate 226 to slide in the direction close to the limit cavity 2222, and the bearing block 221 disengages from the limit groove 2261, so that the limit plate 226 is aligned with the bearing block 221. The limiting effect of the weight block 221 disappears. When the inner wall of the well body 1 near the measuring light 2210 deviates, the load-bearing block 221 slides along the surface of the measuring rod 222 toward the direction close to the contact switch 228. The contact switch 228 abuts the load-bearing block 221 and is turned on. The measuring light 2210 is energized and illuminates, alerting the staff to correct the inner wall of the well body 1 in time, so that the well body 1 is not easily deviated and squeezed into the foundation, ensuring the stability of the walls of nearby houses, thereby protecting the lives of nearby residents. Multiple measuring rods 222 are spaced apart around the axis of the connecting rod 21 to achieve simultaneous detection of various angles of the inner wall of the well body 1, shortening the installation period of the well body 1, and thus improving the sinking efficiency of the caisson.

[0058] The present application also discloses a method for constructing a caisson for use in a densely populated area, using the above-mentioned caisson for use in a densely populated area, including the following steps:

[0059] S1. Ground treatment: Arrange a circle of ground treatment piles at the inner edge of the caisson location;

[0060] S2. Housing protection measures: Place a circle of housing protection columns around the caisson implementation location;

[0061] S3. Caisson construction, using drilling rig for drilling work.

[0062] The implementation principle of the caisson construction method for densely populated areas in the embodiment of the present application is: by constructing a circle of house protection columns around the well, the disturbance of the foundation pit excavation on the surrounding houses is reduced, and the walls of the surrounding houses are not easy to crack, thereby protecting the lives of nearby residents.

[0063] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, any equivalent changes made based on the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A caisson used in densely populated areas, characterized by: The invention comprises a well body (1) and a deviation correction device (2), wherein the deviation correction device (2) comprises a connecting rod (21) and a plurality of measuring components (22), wherein the plurality of measuring components (22) are connected to the outer wall of the connecting rod (21) at intervals along the axis of the connecting rod (21), and the plurality of measuring components (22) are distributed at intervals around the axis of the connecting rod (21), and the measuring component (22) comprises a measuring rod (222) and a bearing block (221), wherein the measuring rod (222) is connected to the outer wall of the connecting rod (21), the axis of the connecting rod (21) and the axis of the measuring rod (222) are perpendicular to each other, and the bearing block (221) is slidably connected to the measuring rod. (222) surface, the sliding direction of the bearing block (221) and the axis of the measuring rod (222) are parallel to each other, and the inner wall of the well body (1) is spaced apart with a plurality of measuring cavities (11) for the end of the measuring rod (222) to be embedded; the measuring assembly (22) also includes a positioning rod (223), a rack (224), a gear (225) and a limit plate (226), and the surface of the measuring rod (222) facing the measuring cavity (11) is provided with a positioning cavity (2221) for the positioning rod (223) to slide, the sliding direction of the positioning rod (223) and the axis of the connecting rod (21) are parallel to each other, and the positioning rod ( The end face of the protruding measuring rod (222) is capable of abutting against the inner wall of the measuring cavity (11), and the surface of the measuring rod (222) facing the bearing block (221) is provided with a limiting cavity (2222) for the limiting plate (226) to slide, the sliding direction of the limiting plate (226) and the sliding direction of the positioning rod (223) are parallel to each other, and the surface of the limiting plate (226) is provided with a limiting groove (2261) for the end of the bearing block (221) to be embedded, the limiting cavity (2222) is connected to the positioning cavity (2221), and the rack (224) is slidably connected to the positioning cavity (2221) near the limiting cavity (2222). ), the sliding direction of the rack 1 (224) and the sliding direction of the positioning rod (223) are parallel to each other, the gear 1 (225) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the limiting cavity (2222), the rack 1 (224) and the limiting plate (226) are located on both sides of the gear 1 (225), the rack 1 (224) meshes with the gear 1 (225), and the limiting plate (226) is provided with a tooth groove 1 (2262) meshed with the gear 1 (225); the inner wall of the measuring cavity (11) is connected to a tightening airbag (5), and the surface of the tightening airbag (5) can press against the end face of the measuring rod (222) to form a limit;The well body (1) is connected with a tightening assembly (6), the tightening assembly (6) includes a rack (61) and a gear (62), the inner wall of the measuring cavity (11) is provided with a rotating cavity (12) for the gear (62) to rotate, the positioning cavity (2221) penetrates the outer wall of the measuring rod (222) in the direction close to the rotating cavity (12), the surface of the positioning rod (223) is provided with a tooth groove (2231) meshing with the gear (62), the rack (61) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the rotating cavity (12), the sliding direction of the rack (61) and the sliding direction of the positioning rod (223) are perpendicular to each other, the rack (61) meshes with the gear (62), and the rotating cavity (12) is connected to the inner cavity of the tightening airbag (5).

2. The caisson used in a densely populated area according to claim 1, characterized in that: The measuring assembly (22) further comprises a measuring elastic member (227), one end of the measuring elastic member (227) in the elastic direction is connected to the inner wall of the positioning cavity (2221), and the other end of the measuring elastic member (227) in the elastic direction is connected to the surface of the positioning rod (223). The measuring elastic member (227) has an elastic force that drives the positioning rod (223) to slide in a direction away from the positioning cavity (2221), and the end of the positioning rod (223) tends to protrude from the surface of the measuring rod (222).

3. The caisson used in a densely populated area according to claim 1, characterized in that: The measuring assembly (22) further comprises a contact switch 1 (228), a contact switch 2 (229), a measuring light 1 (2210) and a measuring light 2 (2211), wherein the measuring light 1 (2210) and the measuring light 2 (2211) are spaced apart at both ends of the axis of the measuring rod (222), the contact switch 1 (228) and the contact switch 2 (229) are spaced apart and connected to the plate surface of the limit plate (226) facing the bearing block (221), the contact switch 1 (228) and the contact switch 2 (229) are located on both sides of the bearing block (221), the contact switch 1 (228) is electrically connected to the measuring light 1 (2210), and the contact switch 2 (229) is electrically connected to the measuring light 2 (2211).

4. The caisson used in a densely populated area according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting rod (21) is connected to a prompt assembly (4), and the prompt assembly (4) includes a contact switch (3) (41), a prompt rod (42) and a prompt light (43). The connecting rod (21) is coaxially provided with a prompt cavity (211), and the prompt light (43) is connected to the inner wall of the prompt cavity (211). The contact switch (41) is connected to the inner wall of the positioning cavity (2221). The contact switch (41) is electrically connected to the prompt light (43). The inner wall of the prompt cavity (211) is provided with a prompt groove (212) for the prompt rod (42) to slide. The sliding direction of the prompt rod (42) is perpendicular to the axis of the connecting rod (21). The prompt rod (42) is provided with a prompt groove (212) for the prompt rod (42) to slide. ) is provided with a prompt hole (421) on its surface, the prompt hole (421) passes through the outer wall of the prompt rod (42), the prompt groove (212) is connected to the limiting cavity (2222), and the surface of the prompt rod (42) facing the limiting cavity (2222) is provided with a guide surface (422), the inclined height of the guide surface (422) decreases as the distance to the limiting plate (226) decreases, when the limiting plate (226) slides toward the limiting cavity (2222), the guide surface (422) abuts against the plate surface of the limiting plate (226) and drives the prompt rod (42) to slide toward the prompt cavity (211), and the prompt hole (421) is connected to the prompt cavity (211).

5. The caisson used in a densely populated area according to claim 4, characterized in that: The prompt assembly (4) further comprises a prompt elastic member (44), one end of the prompt elastic member (44) in the elastic direction is connected to the inner wall of the prompt groove (212), and the other end of the prompt elastic member (44) in the elastic direction is connected to the surface of the prompt rod (42), and the prompt elastic member (44) has a tendency to drive the prompt rod (42) to slide in a direction away from the prompt cavity (211) and to separate the prompt hole (421) and the prompt cavity (211).

6. The caisson used in a densely populated area according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressing assembly (6) further includes a pressing elastic member (63), one end of the pressing elastic member (63) in the elastic direction is connected to the inner wall of the rotating chamber (12), and the other end of the pressing elastic member (63) in the elastic direction is connected to the surface of the second rack (61). The pressing elastic member (63) has a tendency to drive the second rack (61) to slide in a direction away from the rotating chamber (12) by elastic force.

7. A caisson construction method for densely populated areas, characterized by: The method of using a caisson for a densely populated area according to any one of claims 1 to 6 comprises the following steps: S1. Ground treatment: Arrange a circle of ground treatment piles at the inner edge of the caisson location; S2. Housing protection measures: Place a circle of housing protection columns around the caisson implementation location; S3. Caisson construction, using a drilling rig for drilling work; S4. The deviation correction device (2) is installed. The two ends of the measuring rod (222) are correspondingly embedded in the measuring cavity (11). The inner wall of the measuring cavity (11) abuts the positioning rod (223) and drives the positioning rod (223) to slide in the direction close to the positioning cavity (2221). The rack 1 (224) engages with the gear 1 (225), driving the gear 1 (225) to rotate. The tooth groove 1 (2262) engages with the wheel surface of the gear 1 (225), driving the limit plate (226) to slide in the direction close to the limit cavity (2222), and the bearing block (221) is separated from the limit groove (2261).

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