A blind hole extrusion die for shaft forgings and a blind hole depth control method

Abstract

The present application discloses a blind hole extrusion die for shaft forgings and a blind hole depth control method, wherein the blind hole extrusion die comprises a forging upper die, a lower die, a flat pressing upper die, a die cavity, a blind hole rod, and a guide limit device; the guide limit device comprises a guide column, a guide sleeve, a limit sleeve, and a top pressure adjustment mechanism; the ends of the guide sleeve and the limit sleeve are used to press each other to limit the spacing between the forging upper die and the flat pressing upper die; the blind hole depth control method comprises placing a forging blank, adjusting the top pressure spacing, synchronously moving down the forging upper die and the flat pressing upper die and pressing the blank, performing preliminary forging of the blank shape and the blind hole, continuing to move down the forging upper die to push the blind hole rod deeper, completing the extrusion molding of the blind hole, and stopping when the preset top pressure spacing is reached; it is convenient to adjust the depth of the blind hole of the shaft forging, and the shaft forging and the blind hole are formed at one time, so that the blind hole depth can meet the required precision requirement, thereby ensuring the consistency and stability of the forging process, and thereby improving the quality of the shaft forging.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of forging dies, and in particular to a blind hole extrusion die for shaft forgings and a blind hole depth control method. Background Art

[0002] In the field of mechanical manufacturing, especially in the production of shaft parts, die forging technology occupies an extremely important position. As a high-efficiency and high-precision metal forming method, die forging is widely used in many industries such as automobiles, aviation, and mechanical manufacturing. Among them, the design and manufacture of forging dies are directly related to the quality and performance of forgings, especially when producing shaft parts with complex shapes, the accuracy of the die is even more important. Shaft forgings with center blind holes are a special type of shaft parts, and are widely used in various mechanical devices that require axial lightweighting or have non-through hole structures at the axis center due to design requirements. The presence of blind holes not only affects the weight and strength of the shaft, but also its accuracy is directly related to the working performance of the entire shaft.

[0003] The traditional blind hole forging process relies primarily on the coordination of upper and lower dies, with the blind hole rod in the upper die being used for forward extrusion to form the desired blind hole. However, the accuracy of forming the blind hole rod in the predetermined position during forward extrusion is low. Furthermore, since the extrusion depth directly affects the formation of the blind hole, the blind hole depth in this method is often fixed, making it difficult to adjust and lacking flexibility. This limits the use of shaft forgings in applications requiring high-precision blind holes. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to improve the defects of low forging precision of blind hole forging dies at predetermined blind hole positions and inability to adjust the forging depth of blind holes, the present application provides a blind hole extrusion die for shaft forgings and a blind hole depth control method.

[0005] The blind hole extrusion die and blind hole depth control method for shaft forgings provided in this application adopt the following technical solutions:

[0006] A blind hole extrusion die for shaft forgings, comprising a forging upper die, a lower die, a flat pressing upper die disposed between the forging upper die and the lower die and movably plugged into the lower die, a die cavity disposed on the lower die and for inserting forgings, a blind hole rod having one end connected to the forging upper die and the other end movably passing through the flat pressing upper die and inserted into the die cavity, and a guide and limiting device disposed between the forging upper die and the flat pressing upper die;

[0007] The guide and limit device includes a guide column provided on the flat pressing upper die, a guide sleeve provided on the outside of the guide column, a limit sleeve provided on the forging upper die and used for inserting the end of the guide column, and a top pressure adjustment mechanism respectively provided on the forging upper die and the flat pressing upper die; the top pressure adjustment mechanism is used to respectively drive the guide sleeve and the limit sleeve to rotate to adjust the top pressure distance between the guide sleeve and the limit sleeve, and the ends of the guide sleeve and the limit sleeve are used to press each other to limit the distance between the forging upper die and the flat pressing upper die.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, the guide column and the limit sleeve are plugged in and matched, and the blind hole rod and the flat pressing upper die are plugged in and matched, which effectively controls the relative movement position between the forging upper die and the flat pressing upper die, thereby improving the guiding accuracy of the blind hole rod during the extrusion process and improving the forming accuracy of the blind hole at the predetermined position; the top pressure position between the guide sleeve and the limit sleeve is adjusted by the top pressure adjustment mechanism, so that the top pressure distance between the forging upper die and the flat pressing upper die can be flexibly controlled, thereby adjusting the blind hole depth formed by the forward extrusion of the blind hole rod; not only enhances the applicability and flexibility of the forging die, but also can adapt to the blind hole forging production of different sizes and requirements; the present application ensures the stability of the blind hole rod extrusion process and reduces the error caused by die displacement; and enables the shaft forging and the blind hole to be formed at one time, so that the blind hole depth can meet the required accuracy requirements, ensuring the continuity and stability of the forging process, thereby improving the overall quality of the shaft forging.

[0009] Preferably, the top pressure adjustment mechanism includes a guide sleeve adjustment assembly provided on the flat pressing upper die and used to adjust the height of the guide sleeve, and a limit sleeve adjustment assembly provided on the forging upper die and used to drive the limit sleeve to rotate; the limit sleeve adjustment assembly is used to adjust the top pressure position between the limit sleeve and the guide sleeve.

[0010] By adopting the above technical scheme, the guide sleeve height is adjusted by the guide sleeve adjustment assembly, so that the end of the guide sleeve moves in the direction close to or away from the limit sleeve, which is used to adjust the top pressure distance between the guide sleeve and the limit sleeve, thereby changing the sum of the lengths of the limit sleeve and the guide sleeve between the forging upper die and the flat pressing upper die; the limit sleeve is driven to rotate by the limit sleeve adjustment assembly to adjust the top pressure position between the end of the limit sleeve and the end of the guide sleeve. When the limit sleeve and the guide sleeve are pressed together, the sum of the lengths of the limit sleeve and the guide sleeve is changed, thereby realizing fine adjustment of the relative movement distance between the forging upper die and the flat pressing upper die during the forging process; through the cooperation of the guide sleeve adjustment assembly and the limit sleeve adjustment assembly, the fine adjustment ability of the distance between the forging upper die and the flat pressing upper die is realized, and the adaptability and flexibility of the blind hole forging of the mold are enhanced, so that the blind hole extrusion mold of shaft forgings can better meet different forging requirements and conditions, thereby improving production efficiency and forging quality.

[0011] Preferably, the limit sleeve adjustment assembly includes a limit sleeve driving component provided on the forging upper die and used to drive the limit sleeve to rotate, an staggered limit tooth component provided on the limit sleeve and the guide sleeve respectively, and an elastic pressing part inserted in the limit sleeve and used to press fit with the end of the guide column.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, the limit sleeve can be rotated by the limit sleeve driving component, and then the staggered limit tooth components of different lengths on the limit sleeve and the guide sleeve are engaged with each other to adjust the top pressure position of the limit sleeve and the guide sleeve, and realize precise position locking; at the same time, the elastic top pressure part provides the necessary elastic top pressure when the guide column is inserted into the limit sleeve, ensuring the smoothness and precision of the adjustment process; preventing the limit sleeve adjustment component from being damaged by the excessive impact force of the guide column inserted into the limit sleeve due to the excessive downward extrusion speed of the forging upper die; the elastic top pressure part also alleviates part of the overall jitter of the mechanism caused by the extrusion of the blind hole rod, as well as the impact force when the mold is closed, so as to make the limiting accuracy higher and the blind hole depth control more precise; and more detailed adjustment of the mold gap to adapt to different forging requirements.

[0013] Preferably, the staggered limiting tooth component includes top-pressing teeth provided at the end of the limiting sleeve and arranged in an array along the circumference of the limiting sleeve, and a limiting groove provided at the end of the guide sleeve for the top-pressing teeth to be inserted into, and the length of the top-pressing teeth is set corresponding to the depth of the limiting groove;

[0014] The limiting groove includes a first top groove, a second top groove, and a third top groove; the depth of the first top groove is greater than the depth of the second top groove, and the depth of the second top groove is greater than the depth of the third top groove; the limiting sleeve is used to drive the limiting sleeve to rotate so that the top pressure teeth are respectively inserted into the first top groove, the second top groove or the third top groove.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the staggered limiting tooth component realizes multi-level precise adjustment of the distance between the forging upper die and the flat pressing upper die through the design of the top pressure tooth and the matching limit groove; the length of the top pressure tooth is set corresponding to the depth of the first top groove, so that the top pressure tooth can be inserted into the limit grooves of different depths according to needs, among which the depth of the first top groove is the largest and the depth of the third top groove is the smallest, providing a progressive adjustment option; such a mechanism not only enhances the accuracy of the adjustment, but also provides a variety of options for fine control of the die gap during the forging process, so that the pressure and position of the die can be adjusted according to different forging requirements; and the staggered limiting tooth component can be quickly rotated and adjusted by rotating the limit sleeve to adapt to different forging processing requirements, thereby improving processing efficiency.

[0016] Preferably, the top pressure teeth include a first top tooth provided corresponding to the first top groove, a second top tooth provided corresponding to the second top groove, and a third top tooth provided corresponding to the third top groove; the length of the first top tooth is greater than the length of the second top tooth, and the length of the second top tooth is greater than the length of the third top tooth;

[0017] When the first top tooth is inserted into the first top groove, the second top tooth is inserted into the second top groove, and the third top tooth is inserted into the third top groove;

[0018] When the first top tooth is inserted into the second top groove, the second top tooth is inserted into the third top groove, and the third top tooth is inserted into the first top groove;

[0019] When the first top tooth is inserted into the third top groove, the second top tooth is inserted into the first top groove, and the third top tooth is inserted into the second top groove.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, the first top tooth, the second top tooth and the third top tooth correspond to the first top groove, the second top groove and the third top groove of three different depths respectively, thereby realizing multi-stage and reversible adjustment of the die gap; this design allows the top pressing teeth to be inserted into the corresponding limit grooves in a variety of combinations, and by adjusting the relative positions and insertion depths of the first top tooth, the second top tooth and the third top tooth, the gap between the forging upper die and the flat pressing upper die can be precisely controlled; this flexible adjustment mechanism not only improves the forging accuracy, but also greatly enhances the applicability and convenience of the die, and also improves the stability and reliability of the mechanical connection to meet the requirements of different blind hole forging depths.

[0021] Preferably, the guide column is movably inserted on the flat press upper mold, and the guide sleeve adjustment assembly includes a guide column driving component provided on the flat press upper mold and used to drive the guide column to rotate, a rotating thread provided between the outer wall of the guide column and the inner wall of the guide sleeve, a guide groove provided on the outer wall of the guide sleeve, and a sliding guide rod provided on the flat press upper mold and used to be inserted in the guide groove.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, the guide column driving component is responsible for driving the guide column to rotate, and then the guide sleeve is moved up and down along the length direction of the guide column by rotating the thread to adjust the height of the guide sleeve and achieve fine adjustment; the guide groove and the sliding guide rod are used in conjunction to enable the guide sleeve to move along the length direction of the sliding guide rod, preventing the guide sleeve from rotating during the movement, which not only enhances the stability of the structure, but also ensures the smoothness and precision of the adjustment process; the present application provides a height-adjustable, easy-to-operate and reliable guide and limit system for the mold, which greatly improves the use efficiency of the mold and the quality of the forgings.

[0023] Preferably, the flat pressing upper mold includes a flat pressing upper mold body, a sealing groove provided on the flat pressing upper mold body and used for inserting the top side edge of the lower mold, a flat pressing convex edge provided in the sealing groove and used for inserting into the mold cavity, and a blind hole rod telescopic hole provided on the flat pressing upper mold body and passing through the flat pressing upper mold body and the flat pressing convex edge.

[0024] By adopting the above technical solution, the flat-pressing upper die body provides a stable base; the sealing groove is used for the precise insertion of the side edge of the lower die, which enhances the sealing of the die and the control of the shape of the forging; the flat-pressing convex edge further penetrates into the die cavity, ensuring the shape accuracy and dimensional consistency during the forging process; and the blind hole rod telescopic hole provides a channel for the telescopic movement of the blind hole rod, ensuring the precise positioning and movement of the blind hole rod during the forging process, significantly improving the quality and production efficiency of the shaft forgings.

[0025] Preferably, the lower die includes a lower die fixing plate, a lower die body arranged on the lower die fixing plate, a forging molding protrusion arranged on the lower die body and extending into the die cavity, and a necking protrusion arranged on the lower die body and extending into the die cavity.

[0026] By adopting the above technical solution, the lower die fixing plate provides stable support for the entire die, and the lower die body serves as the main structure, ensuring the overall strength and durability of the die; the forging molding ridge is used for shaping the shape of the shaft forging, realizing high-precision control of the details of the shaft forging, and the necking ridge is used to form the necking feature of the shaft forging, increasing the diversity and complexity of the shaft forging products; the structure of this application is stable, which improves the production flexibility and the quality of the shaft forgings, and facilitates the one-piece molding of the shaft forgings.

[0027] A method for controlling the depth of a blind hole in a shaft forging includes the aforementioned blind hole extrusion die for the shaft forging, and further includes the following steps:

[0028] S1: placing the forging blank into the die cavity;

[0029] S2: adjusting the preset pressing distance between the forging upper die and the flat pressing upper die through the guide limit device;

[0030] S3: The forging upper die and the flat pressing upper die are driven downward simultaneously by a motor, and the flat pressing upper die is pressed against and presses the forging blank in the die cavity;

[0031] S4: When the flat pressing upper die is pressed against and presses against the upper end surface of the lower die, the forging of the forging blank shape and the preliminary forging of the blind hole portion depth by the blind hole rod are completed;

[0032] S5: the flat pressing upper die stops moving downward, the forging upper die continues to move downward relative to the flat pressing upper die, and the forging upper die drives the blind hole rod to continue to be inserted into the forging blank to extrude and form the blind hole in the forging;

[0033] S6: When the forging upper die moves down to the preset pressing distance between the forging upper die and the flat pressing upper die, the forging upper die stops moving, the blind hole rod stops pressing down, and the forging of the forging is completed.

[0034] By adopting the above technical solution, the forging blank is first placed, and then the top pressing distance is adjusted. Subsequently, the forging upper die and the flat pressing upper die are synchronously moved down and the blank is pressed to achieve preliminary forging of the blank shape and initial formation of the blind hole. Then, the forging upper die is continued to be moved down to push the blind hole rod deeper, and the extrusion forming of the blind hole is accurately completed. Finally, it stops when the preset top pressing distance is reached, ensuring the shape and dimensional accuracy of the shaft forging, while improving production efficiency and the quality of the shaft forging; it is convenient for the one-piece forming of the shaft forging, and ensures that the shaft forging meets the requirements of high precision and high quality.

[0035] Preferably, in step S2, the pressing distance between the guide sleeve and the limiting sleeve is adjusted by the pressing adjustment mechanism to obtain a preset pressing distance between the forging upper die and the flat pressing upper die.

[0036] By adopting the above technical solution, the top pressure distance between the guide sleeve and the limit sleeve is adjusted through the top pressure adjustment mechanism, thereby achieving the precise setting of the preset top pressure distance between the forging upper die and the flat pressing upper die; ensuring that during the forging process, the distance between the forging upper die and the flat pressing upper die can be finely adjusted according to the specific requirements of the blind hole of the forging, thereby ensuring the dimensional accuracy and shape accuracy of the blind hole of the shaft forging.

[0037] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0038] 1. A blind hole extrusion die for shaft forgings, wherein the guide column and the limit sleeve are plugged in and matched, and the blind hole rod and the flat pressing upper die are plugged in and matched, which effectively controls the relative movement position between the forging upper die and the flat pressing upper die, thereby improving the guiding accuracy of the blind hole rod during the extrusion process and improving the forming accuracy of the blind hole at a predetermined position; the top pressure position between the guide sleeve and the limit sleeve is adjusted by a top pressure adjustment mechanism, so that the top pressure distance between the forging upper die and the flat pressing upper die can be flexibly controlled, thereby adjusting the blind hole depth formed by the forward extrusion of the blind hole rod; not only enhances the applicability and flexibility of the forging die, but also can adapt to the blind hole forging production of different sizes and requirements; the present application ensures the stability of the blind hole rod extrusion process and reduces the error caused by die displacement; and enables the shaft forging and the blind hole to be formed at one time, so that the blind hole depth can meet the required accuracy requirements, thereby ensuring the consistency and stability of the forging process, thereby improving the overall quality of the shaft forging;

[0039] 2. A blind hole extrusion die for shaft forgings, wherein the staggered limiting tooth component realizes multi-level precise adjustment of the distance between the forging upper die and the flat pressing upper die through the design of the top pressure teeth and the matching limiting grooves; the length of the top pressure teeth is set corresponding to the depth of the first top groove, so that the top pressure teeth can be inserted into limiting grooves of different depths as required, wherein the first top groove has the largest depth and the third top groove has the smallest depth, providing a progressive adjustment option; such a mechanism not only enhances the adjustment accuracy, but also provides a variety of options for fine control of the die gap during the forging process, thereby being able to adjust the die pressure and position according to different forging requirements; and the staggered limiting tooth component can be quickly rotated and adjusted by rotating the limiting sleeve to adapt to different forging processing requirements, thereby improving processing efficiency;

[0040] 3. A method for controlling the depth of blind holes in shaft forgings, comprising: first placing the forging blank, then adjusting the top pressing distance, and then synchronously moving the forging upper die and the flat pressing upper die downward and pressing the blank to achieve preliminary forging of the blank shape and initial formation of the blind hole, and then continuing to move the forging upper die downward to push the blind hole rod deeper, accurately completing the extrusion forming of the blind hole, and finally stopping when the preset top pressing distance is reached, thereby ensuring the shape and dimensional accuracy of the shaft forging, while improving production efficiency and the quality of the shaft forging; facilitating the one-piece forming of the shaft forging, and ensuring that the shaft forging meets high precision and high quality requirements. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0041] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the blind hole extrusion die embodiment of the shaft forging of the present application. Figure 1 .

[0042] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the blind hole extrusion die embodiment of the shaft forging of the present application. Figure 2 .

[0043] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of part A.

[0044] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the blind hole extrusion die embodiment of the shaft forging of the present application. Figure 3 .

[0045] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Magnified view of part B.

[0046] Figure 6 It is a schematic flow chart of the steps of an embodiment of the method for controlling the depth of blind holes in shaft forgings of the present application.

[0047] Figure 7 This is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of a forging blank placed in a die cavity in an embodiment of the blind hole depth control method for shaft forgings of the present application.

[0048] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the preliminary forging cross-sectional structure of a blind hole in an embodiment of the blind hole depth control method for shaft forgings of the present application.

[0049] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the blind hole forging completion of the embodiment of the blind hole depth control method for shaft forgings of the present application.

[0050] Description of reference numerals:

[0051] 1. Forging upper die; 2. Lower die; 21. Lower die fixing plate; 22. Lower die body; 23. Forging molding ridge; 3. Flattening upper die; 31. Flattening upper die body; 32. Sealing groove; 33. Flattening ridge; 34. Telescopic hole for blind hole rod; 4. Die cavity; 5. Blind hole rod;

[0052] 6. Guide and limit device; 61. Guide column; 62. Guide sleeve; 63. Limit sleeve; 64. Top pressure adjustment mechanism; 65. Guide sleeve adjustment assembly; 66. Limit sleeve adjustment assembly; 651. Guide column driving component; 652. Rotating thread; 653. Guide slide; 654. Sliding guide rod; 661. Limit sleeve driving component; 662. Staggered limit tooth component; 663. Elastic top pressure member; 664. Top pressure tooth; 665. Limit groove; 6641. First top tooth; 6642. Second top tooth; 6643. Third top tooth; 6651. First top groove; 6652. Second top groove; 6653. Third top groove; 7. Ruler line. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0053] The following is combined with Figures 1 to 9 This application is described in further detail.

[0054] The present application discloses a blind hole extrusion die for shaft forgings and a blind hole depth control method. Figure 1 A blind hole extrusion die for shaft forgings includes a forging upper die 1, a lower die 2, a flat pressing upper die 3 provided between the forging upper die 1 and the lower die 2 and movably plugged into the lower die 2, a die cavity 4 provided on the lower die 2 and used for inserting forgings, a blind hole rod 5 with one end connected to the forging upper die 1 and the other end movably passing through the flat pressing upper die 3 and inserted into the die cavity 4, and a guide and limiting device 6 provided between the forging upper die 1 and the flat pressing upper die 3;

[0055] The guide and limiting device 6 includes a guide column 61 provided on the flat pressing upper die 3, a guide sleeve 62 sleeved on the outside of the guide column 61, a limiting sleeve 63 provided on the forging upper die 1 and used for inserting the end of the guide column 61, and a top pressure adjustment mechanism 64 respectively provided on the forging upper die 1 and the flat pressing upper die 3; the top pressure adjustment mechanism 64 is used to respectively drive the guide sleeve 62 and the limiting sleeve 63 to rotate to adjust the top pressure distance between the guide sleeve 62 and the limiting sleeve 63, and the ends of the guide sleeve 62 and the limiting sleeve 63 are used to press each other to limit the distance between the forging upper die 1 and the flat pressing upper die 3.

[0056] The present application effectively controls the relative movement position between the forging upper die 1 and the flat pressing upper die 3 through the plug-in cooperation of the guide column 61 and the limit sleeve 63, and the plug-in cooperation of the blind hole rod 5 and the flat pressing upper die 3, thereby improving the guiding accuracy of the blind hole rod 5 during the extrusion process and improving the forming accuracy of the blind hole at the predetermined position; the top pressure position between the guide sleeve 62 and the limit sleeve is adjusted by the top pressure adjustment mechanism 64, so that the top pressure distance between the forging upper die 1 and the flat pressing upper die 3 can be flexibly controlled, thereby adjusting the blind hole depth formed by the forward extrusion of the blind hole rod 5; not only enhances the applicability and flexibility of the forging die, but also can adapt to the blind hole forging production of different sizes and requirements; the present application ensures the stability of the extrusion process of the blind hole rod 5 and reduces the error caused by die displacement; and enables the shaft forging and the blind hole to be formed at one time, so that the blind hole depth can meet the required accuracy requirements, ensuring the continuity and stability of the forging process, thereby improving the overall quality of the shaft forging.

[0057] The present application also discloses that the forging upper die 1 and the flat pressing upper die 3 are driven downward by a motor.

[0058] Further, if Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the top pressure adjustment mechanism 64 includes a guide sleeve adjustment component 65 provided on the flat pressing upper die 3 and used to adjust the height of the guide sleeve 62, and a limit sleeve adjustment component 66 provided on the forging upper die 1 and used to drive the limit sleeve 63 to rotate; the limit sleeve adjustment component 66 is used to adjust the top pressure position between the limit sleeve 63 and the guide sleeve 62.

[0059] The present application adjusts the height of the guide sleeve 62 through the guide sleeve adjustment component 65, so that the end of the guide sleeve 62 moves in the direction close to or away from the limit sleeve 63, which is used to adjust the top pressure distance between the guide sleeve 62 and the limit sleeve 63, thereby changing the sum of the lengths of the limit sleeve 63 and the guide sleeve 62 between the forging upper die 1 and the flat pressing upper die 3; the limit sleeve 63 is driven to rotate by the limit sleeve adjustment component 66 to adjust the top pressure position between the end of the limit sleeve 63 and the end of the guide sleeve 62. During press fitting, the sum of the lengths of the limit sleeve 63 and the guide sleeve 62 is changed, thereby achieving fine adjustment of the relative movement distance between the forging upper die 1 and the flat pressing upper die 3 during the forging process; through the cooperation of the guide sleeve adjustment assembly 65 and the limit sleeve adjustment assembly 66, the ability to finely adjust the distance between the forging upper die 1 and the flat pressing upper die 3 is achieved, and the adaptability and flexibility of the blind hole forging of the mold are enhanced, so that the blind hole extrusion mold of shaft forgings can better meet different forging requirements and conditions, thereby improving production efficiency and forging quality.

[0060] Furthermore, if Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, the limit sleeve adjustment assembly 66 includes a limit sleeve driving component 661 provided on the forging upper die 1 and used to drive the limit sleeve 63 to rotate, an interlaced limit tooth component 662 provided on the limit sleeve 63 and the guide sleeve 62 respectively, and an elastic pressing member 663 inserted in the limit sleeve 63 and used to press fit with the end of the guide column 61.

[0061] The present application enables the limit sleeve 63 to rotate through the limit sleeve driving component 661, and then the staggered limit tooth components 662 of different lengths on the limit sleeve 63 and the guide sleeve 62 engage with each other to adjust the top pressure position of the limit sleeve 63 and the guide sleeve 62, and realize precise position locking; at the same time, the elastic top pressure member 663 provides the necessary elastic top pressure for the guide column 61 to be inserted into the limit sleeve 63, ensuring the smoothness and precision of the adjustment process; preventing the limit sleeve adjustment component 66 from being damaged by the impact force of the guide column 61 inserted into the limit sleeve 63 due to the excessive downward extrusion speed of the forging upper die 1; the elastic top pressure member 663 also alleviates part of the overall jitter of the mechanism caused by the extrusion of the blind hole rod 5, as well as the impact force during mold closing, thereby making the limiting accuracy higher and the blind hole depth control more precise; the present application effectively enhances the adaptability of the mold and the flexibility of operation, allowing more detailed adjustment of the mold gap to adapt to different forging requirements, thereby improving the forming accuracy and production efficiency of the forgings.

[0062] The limiting sleeve driving component 661 is preferably a high-precision turntable, which is driven by a servo motor or a stepper motor to rotate the rotating platform; the elastic pressing member 663 is preferably a spring.

[0063] Specifically, if Figure 4and Figure 5 As shown, the staggered limiting tooth component 662 includes a top-pressing tooth 664 provided at the end of the limiting sleeve 63 and arranged in an array along the circumference of the limiting sleeve 63, and a limiting groove 665 provided at the end of the guide sleeve 62 and used for the top-pressing tooth 664 to be inserted. The length of the top-pressing tooth 664 is set corresponding to the depth of the limiting groove 665;

[0064] The limiting groove 665 includes a first top groove 6651, a second top groove 6652, and a third top groove 6653; the depth of the first top groove 6651 is greater than the depth of the second top groove 6652, and the depth of the second top groove 6652 is greater than the depth of the third top groove 6653; the limiting sleeve 63 is used to drive the limiting sleeve 63 to rotate so that the top pressure tooth 664 is respectively inserted into the first top groove 6651, the second top groove 6652 or the third top groove 6653.

[0065] The staggered limiting tooth component 662 of the present application realizes multi-level precise adjustment of the distance between the forging upper die 1 and the flat pressing upper die 3 through the design of the top pressing tooth 664 and the matching limiting groove 665; the length of the top pressing tooth 664 is set corresponding to the depth of the first top groove 6651, so that the top pressing tooth 664 can be inserted into the limiting groove 665 of different depths according to needs, among which the depth of the first top groove 6651 is the largest, and the depth of the third top groove 6653 is the smallest, providing a progressive adjustment option; such a mechanism not only enhances the accuracy of the adjustment, but also provides a variety of options for the fine control of the die gap during the forging process, so that the pressure and position of the die can be adjusted according to different forging requirements, effectively improving the accuracy and quality of the forging; and the staggered limiting tooth component 662 can be quickly rotated and adjusted by rotating the limiting sleeve 63 to adapt to different forging processing requirements, thereby improving processing efficiency.

[0066] More specifically, if Figure 5 As shown, the top pressure teeth 664 include a first top tooth 6641 corresponding to the first top groove 6651, a second top tooth 6642 corresponding to the second top groove 6652, and a third top tooth 6643 corresponding to the third top groove 6653; the length of the first top tooth 6641 is greater than that of the second top tooth 6642, and the length of the second top tooth 6642 is greater than that of the third top tooth 6643;

[0067] When the first top tooth 6641 is inserted into the first top groove 6651 , the second top tooth 6642 is inserted into the second top groove 6652 , and the third top tooth 6643 is inserted into the third top groove 6653 ;

[0068] When the first top tooth 6641 is inserted into the second top groove 6652 , the second top tooth 6642 is inserted into the third top groove 6653 , and the third top tooth 6643 is inserted into the first top groove 6651 ;

[0069] When the first top tooth 6641 is inserted into the third top groove 6653 , the second top tooth 6642 is inserted into the first top groove 6651 , and the third top tooth 6643 is inserted into the second top groove 6652 .

[0070] The present application realizes multi-level and reversible adjustment of the die gap by using the first top tooth 6641, the second top tooth 6642 and the third top tooth 6643 to correspond to the first top groove 6651, the second top groove 6652 and the third top groove 6653 of three different depths respectively. This design allows the top pressing teeth 664 to be inserted into the corresponding limiting grooves 665 in a variety of combinations. By adjusting the relative positions and insertion depths of the first top tooth 6641, the second top tooth 6642 and the third top tooth 6643, the gap between the forging upper die 1 and the flat pressing upper die 3 can be precisely controlled. This flexible adjustment mechanism not only improves the forging accuracy, but also greatly enhances the applicability and adjustment convenience of the die, and also improves the stability and reliability of the mechanical connection to meet the requirements of different blind hole forging depths.

[0071] When the first top tooth 6641 is inserted into the first top groove 6651, the second top tooth 6642 is inserted into the second top groove 6652, and the third top tooth 6643 is inserted into the third top groove 6653; the distance between the forging upper die 1 and the flat pressing upper die 3 is the minimum preset pressing distance, the downward extrusion depth of the blind hole rod 5 is the maximum preset pressing depth, and the blind hole depth is the preset maximum depth;

[0072] When the first top tooth 6641 is inserted into the second top groove 6652, the second top tooth 6642 is inserted into the third top groove 6653, and the third top tooth 6643 is inserted into the first top groove 6651; the distance between the forging upper die 1 and the flat pressing upper die 3 is the middle preset pressing distance, the downward extrusion depth of the blind hole rod 5 is the middle preset pressing depth, and the blind hole depth is the preset middle depth;

[0073] When the first top tooth 6641 is inserted into the third top groove 6653, the second top tooth 6642 is inserted into the first top groove 6651, and the third top tooth 6643 is inserted into the second top groove 6652; the distance between the forging upper die 1 and the flat pressing upper die 3 is the maximum preset top pressing distance, the downward extrusion depth of the blind hole rod 5 is the minimum preset downward pressing depth, and the blind hole depth is the preset minimum depth.

[0074] In addition, if Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the guide column 61 is movably inserted on the flat pressing upper mold 3, and the guide sleeve adjustment assembly 65 includes a guide column driving component 651 provided on the flat pressing upper mold 3 and used to drive the guide column 61 to rotate, a rotating thread 652 provided between the outer wall of the guide column 61 and the inner wall of the guide sleeve 62, a guide groove 653 provided on the outer wall of the guide sleeve 62, and a sliding guide rod 654 provided on the flat pressing upper mold 3 and used to be inserted in the guide groove 653.

[0075] The guide sleeve adjustment assembly 65 of the present application realizes a precise and flexible adjustment function by combining the guide column driving component 651, the rotating thread 652, the guide slot 653 and the sliding guide rod 654; the guide column driving component 651 is responsible for driving the guide column 61 to rotate, and then the guide sleeve 62 is moved up and down along the length direction of the guide column 61 through the rotating thread 652 to adjust the height of the guide sleeve 62 and realize fine adjustment; the guide slot 653 and the sliding guide rod 654 are used in conjunction to enable the guide sleeve 62 to move along the length direction of the sliding guide rod 654, preventing the guide sleeve 62 from rotating during the movement, which not only enhances the stability of the structure, but also ensures the smoothness and precision of the adjustment process; the present application provides a height-adjustable, easy-to-operate and reliable guide and limiting system for the mold, which greatly improves the utilization efficiency of the mold and the quality of the forgings.

[0076] like Figure 5 As shown, the guide column 61 is also provided with a scale line 7, which cooperates with the end of the guide sleeve 62 for fine adjustment, further improving the pressing accuracy of the blind hole depth. The guide column drive component 651 is preferably a high-precision turntable, which is driven by a servo motor or a stepper motor to rotate the rotating platform.

[0077] And, as Figure 1 As shown, the flat pressing upper mold 3 includes a flat pressing upper mold body 31, a sealing groove 32 provided on the flat pressing upper mold body 31 and used for inserting the top side edge of the lower mold 2, a flat pressing convex edge 33 provided in the sealing groove 32 and used for inserting into the mold cavity 4, and a blind hole rod telescopic hole 34 provided on the flat pressing upper mold body 31 and passing through the flat pressing upper mold body 31 and the flat pressing convex edge 33.

[0078] The flat-pressing upper die body 31 of the present application provides a stable base; the sealing groove 32 is used for the precise insertion of the side edge of the lower die 2, thereby enhancing the sealing of the die and the control over the shape of the forging; the flat-pressing convex edge 33 further penetrates into the die cavity 4, thereby ensuring the shape accuracy and dimensional consistency during the forging process; and the blind hole rod telescopic hole 34 provides a channel for the telescopic movement of the blind hole rod 5, thereby ensuring the precise positioning and movement of the blind hole rod 5 during the forging process, thereby significantly improving the quality and production efficiency of the shaft forgings.

[0079] Further, if Figure 1As shown, the lower die 2 includes a lower die fixing plate 21, a lower die body 22 arranged on the lower die fixing plate 21, a forging molding protrusion 23 arranged on the lower die body 22 and extending into the die cavity 4, and a necking protrusion 24 arranged on the lower die body 22 and extending into the die cavity 4.

[0080] The lower die fixing plate 21 of the present application provides stable support for the entire die, and the lower die body 22 serves as the main structure, ensuring the overall strength and durability of the die; the forging molding ridge 23 is used for shaping the shape of the shaft forging, realizing high-precision control of the details of the shaft forging, and the necking ridge 24 is used to form the necking feature of the shaft forging, increasing the diversity and complexity of the shaft forging products; the present application has a stable structure, improves the production flexibility and the quality of the shaft forgings, and facilitates the one-piece molding of the shaft forgings.

[0081] Specifically, if Figures 6 to 9 As shown, the present application also discloses a method for controlling the depth of a blind hole in a shaft forging, comprising a blind hole extrusion die for a shaft forging, and further comprising the following steps:

[0082] S1: Place the forging blank into the die cavity 4;

[0083] S2: adjusting the preset pressing distance between the forging upper die 1 and the flat pressing upper die 3 through the guide limiter 6;

[0084] S3: The motor drives the forging upper die 1 and the flat pressing upper die 3 to move downward simultaneously, and the flat pressing upper die 3 is pressed against and presses the forging blank in the die cavity 4;

[0085] S4: When the flat pressing upper die 3 is pressed against and presses the upper end surface of the lower die 2, the forging of the forging blank shape and the preliminary forging of the blind hole depth by the blind hole rod 5 are completed;

[0086] S5: the flat pressing upper die 3 stops moving downward, and the forging upper die 1 continues to move downward relative to the flat pressing upper die 3. The forging upper die 1 drives the blind hole rod 5 to continue to be inserted into the forging blank to extrude and form the blind hole in the forging;

[0087] S6: When the forging upper die 1 moves down to the preset pressing distance between the forging upper die 1 and the flat pressing upper die 3, the forging upper die 1 stops moving, the blind hole rod 5 stops pressing down, and the forging of the forging is completed.

[0088] This application first places the forging blank, then adjusts the top pressing distance, and then, by synchronously moving down the forging upper die 1 and the flat pressing upper die 3 and pressing the blank, the preliminary forging of the blank shape and the initial formation of the blind hole are achieved, and then the forging upper die 1 is continued to be moved down to push the blind hole rod 5 deeper, accurately completing the extrusion forming of the blind hole, and finally stopping when the preset top pressing distance is reached, thereby ensuring the shape and dimensional accuracy of the shaft forging, while improving the production efficiency and quality of the shaft forging; facilitating the one-piece forming of the shaft forging, and ensuring that the shaft forging meets the requirements of high precision and high quality.

[0089] More specifically, in step S2 , the pressing distance between the guide sleeve 62 and the limiting sleeve 63 is adjusted by the pressing adjustment mechanism 64 to obtain a preset pressing distance between the forging upper die 1 and the flattening upper die 3 .

[0090] In step S2 of the present application, the top pressure distance between the guide sleeve 62 and the limit sleeve 63 is adjusted by the top pressure adjustment mechanism 64, thereby realizing the precise setting of the preset top pressure distance between the forging upper die 1 and the flat pressing upper die 3; ensuring that during the forging process, the distance between the forging upper die 1 and the flat pressing upper die 3 can be finely adjusted according to the specific requirements of the blind hole of the forging, thereby ensuring the dimensional accuracy and shape accuracy of the blind hole of the shaft forging.

[0091] The implementation principle of a blind hole extrusion die and blind hole depth control method for shaft forgings in the embodiment of the present application is as follows:

[0092] A blind hole extrusion die for shaft forgings, which effectively controls the relative movement position between the forging upper die 1 and the flat pressing upper die 3 through the plug-in cooperation of the guide column 61 and the limiting sleeve 63, and the plug-in cooperation of the blind hole rod 5 and the flat pressing upper die 3, thereby improving the guiding accuracy of the blind hole rod 5 during the extrusion process and improving the forming accuracy of the blind hole at a predetermined position; the top pressure position between the guide sleeve 62 and the limiting sleeve is adjusted by the top pressure adjustment mechanism 64, so that the top pressure distance between the forging upper die 1 and the flat pressing upper die 3 can be flexibly controlled, thereby adjusting the blind hole depth formed by the forward extrusion of the blind hole rod 5; not only enhances the applicability and flexibility of the forging die, but also can adapt to the blind hole forging production of different sizes and requirements; the present application ensures the stability of the blind hole rod 5 extrusion process and reduces the error caused by die displacement; and enables the shaft forging and the blind hole to be formed at one time, so that the blind hole depth can meet the required accuracy requirements, ensuring the consistency and stability of the forging process, thereby improving the overall quality of the shaft forging;

[0093] The staggered limiting tooth component 662 realizes multi-level precise adjustment of the distance between the forging upper die 1 and the flat pressing upper die 3 through the design of the top pressing teeth 664 and the matching limiting grooves 665; the length of the top pressing teeth 664 is set corresponding to the depth of the first top groove 6651, so that the top pressing teeth 664 can be inserted into the limiting grooves 665 of different depths according to needs, among which the first top groove 6651 has the largest depth and the third top groove 6653 has the smallest depth, providing a progressive adjustment option; such a mechanism not only enhances the accuracy of the adjustment, but also provides a variety of options for the fine control of the die gap during the forging process, so that the pressure and position of the die can be adjusted according to different forging requirements, effectively improving the accuracy and quality of the forged parts; and the staggered limiting tooth component 662 can be quickly rotated and adjusted by rotating the limiting sleeve 63 to adapt to different forging processing requirements, thereby improving processing efficiency;

[0094] A method for controlling the depth of blind holes in shaft forgings comprises the following steps: firstly placing a forging blank, then adjusting the top pressing distance, and subsequently, synchronously moving down a forging upper die 1 and a flat pressing upper die 3 and pressing the blank to achieve preliminary forging of the blank shape and initial formation of the blind hole, and then continuing to move down the forging upper die 1 to push a blind hole rod 5 deeper, accurately completing the extrusion forming of the blind hole, and finally stopping when a preset top pressing distance is reached, thereby ensuring the shape and dimensional accuracy of the shaft forging, while improving production efficiency and the quality of the shaft forging; facilitating the one-piece forming of the shaft forging, and ensuring that the shaft forging meets high precision and high quality requirements.

[0095] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, any equivalent changes made based on the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A blind hole extrusion die for shaft forgings, characterized in that: The invention comprises a forging upper die (1), a lower die (2), a flat pressing upper die (3) arranged between the forging upper die (1) and the lower die (2) and movably plugged into the lower die (2), a die cavity (4) arranged on the lower die (2) and used for inserting forgings, a blind hole rod (5) one end of which is connected to the forging upper die (1) and the other end of which movably passes through the flat pressing upper die (3) and is inserted into the die cavity (4), and a guide and limiting device (6) arranged between the forging upper die (1) and the flat pressing upper die (3); The guide and limiting device (6) comprises a guide column (61) provided on the flat pressing upper die (3), a guide sleeve (62) sleeved on the outside of the guide column (61), a limiting sleeve (63) provided on the forging upper die (1) and used for inserting the end of the guide column (61), and a top pressure adjustment mechanism (64) provided on the forging upper die (1) and the flat pressing upper die (3); the top pressure adjustment mechanism (64) is used to respectively drive the guide sleeve (62) and the limiting sleeve (63) to rotate so as to adjust the top pressure distance between the guide sleeve (62) and the limiting sleeve (63), and the ends of the guide sleeve (62) and the limiting sleeve (63) are used to press each other to limit the distance between the forging upper die (1) and the flat pressing upper die (3); The top pressure adjustment mechanism (64) comprises a guide sleeve adjustment assembly (65) provided on the flat pressing upper die (3) and used for adjusting the height of the guide sleeve (62), and a limit sleeve adjustment assembly (66) provided on the forging upper die (1) and used for driving the limit sleeve (63) to rotate; the limit sleeve adjustment assembly (66) is used for adjusting the top pressure position between the limit sleeve (63) and the guide sleeve (62); The limit sleeve adjustment assembly (66) includes a limit sleeve driving component (661) provided on the forging upper die (1) and used to drive the limit sleeve (63) to rotate, an interlaced limit tooth component (662) provided on the limit sleeve (63) and the guide sleeve (62), and an elastic pressing member (663) inserted into the limit sleeve (63) and used to press fit with the end of the guide column (61).

2. A blind hole extrusion die for shaft forgings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The staggered limiting tooth component (662) includes a top-pressing tooth (664) provided at the end of the limiting sleeve (63) and arranged in an array along the circumference of the limiting sleeve (63), and a limiting groove (665) provided at the end of the guide sleeve (62) and used for the top-pressing tooth (664) to be inserted, and the length of the top-pressing tooth (664) is set corresponding to the depth of the limiting groove (665); The limiting groove (665) includes a first top groove (6651), a second top groove (6652), and a third top groove (6653); the depth of the first top groove (6651) is greater than the depth of the second top groove (6652), and the depth of the second top groove (6652) is greater than the depth of the third top groove (6653); the limiting sleeve (63) is used to drive the limiting sleeve (63) to rotate so that the top pressure tooth (664) is respectively inserted into the first top groove (6651), the second top groove (6652) or the third top groove (6653).

3. The blind hole extrusion die for shaft forgings according to claim 2, characterized in that: The top pressure teeth (664) include a first top tooth (6641) corresponding to the first top groove (6651), a second top tooth (6642) corresponding to the second top groove (6652), and a third top tooth (6643) corresponding to the third top groove (6653); the length of the first top tooth (6641) is greater than the length of the second top tooth (6642), and the length of the second top tooth (6642) is greater than the length of the third top tooth (6643); When the first top tooth (6641) is inserted into the first top groove (6651), the second top tooth (6642) is inserted into the second top groove (6652), and the third top tooth (6643) is inserted into the third top groove (6653); When the first top tooth (6641) is inserted into the second top groove (6652), the second top tooth (6642) is inserted into the third top groove (6653), and the third top tooth (6643) is inserted into the first top groove (6651); When the first top tooth (6641) is inserted into the third top groove (6653), the second top tooth (6642) is inserted into the first top groove (6651), and the third top tooth (6643) is inserted into the second top groove (6652).

4. The blind hole extrusion die for shaft forgings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide column (61) is movably inserted on the flat pressing upper die (3), and the guide sleeve adjustment assembly (65) includes a guide column driving component (651) provided on the flat pressing upper die (3) and used to drive the guide column (61) to rotate, a rotating thread (652) provided between the outer wall of the guide column (61) and the inner wall of the guide sleeve (62), a guide groove (653) provided on the outer wall of the guide sleeve (62), and a sliding guide rod (654) provided on the flat pressing upper die (3) and used to be inserted in the guide groove (653).

5. The blind hole extrusion die for shaft forgings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flat pressing upper die (3) comprises a flat pressing upper die body (31), a sealing groove (32) provided on the flat pressing upper die body (31) and used for inserting the top side edge of the lower die (2), a flat pressing convex edge (33) provided in the sealing groove (32) and used for inserting into the die cavity (4), and a blind hole rod telescopic hole (34) provided on the flat pressing upper die body (31) and passing through the flat pressing upper die body (31) and the flat pressing convex edge (33).

6. The blind hole extrusion die for shaft forgings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower die (2) comprises a lower die fixing plate (21), a lower die body (22) arranged on the lower die fixing plate (21), a forging molding protrusion (23) arranged on the lower die body (22) and extending into the die cavity (4), and a necking protrusion (24) arranged on the lower die body (22) and extending into the die cavity (4).

7. A method for controlling the depth of blind holes in shaft forgings, characterized in that: The blind hole extrusion die for shaft forgings according to any one of claims 1 to 6 further comprises the following steps: S1: placing the forging blank into the die cavity (4); S2: adjusting a preset pressing distance between the forging upper die (1) and the flat pressing upper die (3) by means of the guide limit device (6); S3: The forging upper die (1) and the flat pressing upper die (3) are driven by a motor to move downward simultaneously, and the flat pressing upper die (3) is pressed against and presses the forging blank in the die cavity (4); S4: When the flat pressing upper die (3) is pressed against and presses against the upper end surface of the lower die (2), the forging of the forging blank shape and the preliminary forging of the blind hole portion depth by the blind hole rod (5) are completed; S5: the flat pressing upper die (3) stops moving downward, the forging upper die (1) continues to move downward relative to the flat pressing upper die (3), and the forging upper die (1) drives the blind hole rod (5) to continue to be inserted into the forging blank to extrude and form the blind hole in the forging; S6: When the forging upper die (1) moves downward to the preset pressing distance between the forging upper die (1) and the flat pressing upper die (3), the forging upper die (1) stops moving, the blind hole rod (5) stops pressing downward, and the forging of the forging is completed.

8. The method for controlling the blind hole depth of a shaft forging according to claim 7, wherein: Step S2 adjusts the pressing distance between the guide sleeve (62) and the limiting sleeve (63) by the pressing adjustment mechanism (64) to obtain a preset pressing distance between the forging upper die (1) and the flat pressing upper die (3).

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