A special-shaped oil tank shell drilling jig and a drilling method

Abstract

The application discloses a special-shaped oil tank shell drilling die and a drilling method. The drilling die is a combined drilling die, which comprises a support, a lower die, a drill sleeve, a support, a fixed mandrel, a bolt, a first positioning mandrel, an upper die, a positioning sleeve and a second positioning mandrel. The drilling die is mainly used for drilling and tapping on the surface of the special-shaped oil tank shell, so as to meet the requirement of rapid drilling and tapping on the special-shaped curved surface. The drilling method of the application firstly assembles the special-shaped oil tank shell to the drilling die, positions the special-shaped oil tank shell by using the first and second positioning mandrels, fastens the special-shaped oil tank shell by using the bolt, selects the drill sleeve with a corresponding hole diameter, assembles the positioning sleeve on the drill bit, adjusts the height size to ensure the drilling depth, finally assembles the drill bit shank to the electric drill, and drills on the special-shaped oil tank shell. If tapping is needed, the drill sleeve is replaced according to the size of the tap shank diameter, and then tapping is performed, so as to ensure the perpendicularity requirement of the thread.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of mechanical processing, in particular to a drill jig and drilling method for drilling and tapping holes on the surface of a special-shaped oil tank shell. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the rapid development of aviation, aerospace technology and structural technology, the product functional diversity increases, the oil tank shell structure matched with the engine diversifies, and with the improvement of product performance requirements, a heat insulation layer needs to be coated on the surface of the oil tank shell to improve the fireproof performance of the oil tank shell. In order to assemble the heat insulation layer, a mounting threaded hole needs to be processed on the surface of the oil tank shell along the circumference, but the oil tank shell is an irregular curved surface, and cannot be clamped and processed by using conventional numerical control equipment, so it is necessary to design a drill jig and drilling method to solve the drilling and tapping problems of such products. SUMMARY

[0003] In view of the problems in the background art, the present application aims to provide a special-shaped oil tank shell drill jig and drilling method suitable for drilling and tapping holes distributed circumferentially on the surface of a special-shaped oil tank shell, so as to solve the problem of difficult drilling and tapping caused by difficult positioning on the irregular surface of the shell.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application adopts the following technical solution:

[0005] A special-shaped oil tank shell drill jig comprises:

[0006] a support, which has three support surfaces of different heights;

[0007] a lower mold, which has a first positioning hole at the first end, a second positioning hole at the second end, and a plurality of lower mold drill sleeve base holes between the first end and the second end on the lower mold, each lower mold drill sleeve base hole is processed with a lower mold observation groove at the position of the opposite orifice of the special-shaped oil tank shell, the lower mold is rotatably connected to the centrally located support surface of the support through the first end, and the second end of the lower mold is lapped on the support surface with the largest height;

[0008] a first positioning mandrel, which is inserted into the first positioning hole;

[0009] an upper mold, which has a first end detachably connected to the first end of the lower mold, and a second end with a third positioning hole, the upper mold is lapped on the second end of the lower mold, a closed area for accommodating the special-shaped oil tank shell is formed between the upper mold and the lower mold, and a plurality of upper mold drill sleeve base holes are opened between the first end and the second end of the upper mold, each upper mold drill sleeve base hole is processed with an upper mold observation groove at the position of the opposite orifice of the special-shaped oil tank shell;

[0010] A positioning sleeve, which is an annular body with a non-closed circumferential surface, and has a threaded through hole in the non-closed position, and a locking bolt is connected in the through hole, and the inner annular surface of the positioning sleeve forms a region for clamping a drill bit;

[0011] A drill sleeve, which is detachably inserted into or in a lower mold drill sleeve base hole, and has a through hole for tapping with a tap or drilling with a drill bit;

[0012] A second positioning mandrel, which simultaneously penetrates the third positioning hole of the upper mold and the second positioning hole of the lower mold, and at least a part of the second positioning mandrel extends into the closed region formed between the upper mold and the lower mold for accommodating the special-shaped oil tank shell.

[0013] Alternatively, the closed region formed between the upper mold and the lower mold for accommodating the special-shaped oil tank shell is consistent with the outer shape of the special-shaped oil tank shell.

[0014] Alternatively, the first end of the lower mold further has a first threaded hole;

[0015] The first end of the upper mold further has a second threaded hole;

[0016] The lower mold and the upper mold are connected by a bolt inserted into the first threaded hole and the second threaded hole.

[0017] Alternatively,

[0018] The first end of the lower mold further has a fixing hole;

[0019] A support is arranged on the height-central support surface of the support;

[0020] The lower mold is rotationally connected to the height-central support surface of the support by a fixing mandrel inserted into the fixing hole and the rotation shaft hole.

[0021] Alternatively, the outer diameter of the fixing mandrel at both ends is greater than the outer diameter of the middle part.

[0022] Alternatively, three rectangular cross-section steel pipes with different heights, parallel and spaced arrangement are fixed on the support, and the upper end surfaces of the steel pipes form three support surfaces with different heights.

[0023] A drilling method for a special-shaped oil tank shell, the drilling positions to be drilled are distributed along the circumferential surface of the special-shaped oil tank shell, and the drilling method comprises:

[0024] Two parallel planes intersect the special-shaped oil tank shell, and all the drilling positions to be drilled on the surface of the special-shaped oil tank shell fall into the region between the two parallel planes, and the special-shaped oil tank shell is positioned and clamped by using the surface of the special-shaped oil tank shell between the two parallel planes as a positioning surface, and then drilling and tapping are carried out one by one in the region between the two parallel planes.

[0025] Further, the two parallel planes are perpendicular to the horizontal plane, and a plane is used to divide the hole positions on the special-shaped oil tank shell into upper and lower two parts. When drilling, the hole positions on the upper part of the special-shaped oil tank shell are processed first, then the special-shaped oil tank shell is turned around one end to make the hole positions on the lower part face upward, and then the hole positions on the lower part of the special-shaped oil tank shell are processed.

[0026] Further, the drilling method comprises clamping the positioning surface of the surface of the special-shaped oil tank shell by using the lower die and the upper die of the aforementioned drill jig.

[0027] Further, the drilling method further comprises: first placing the special-shaped oil tank shell on the lower die, then inserting the first positioning arbor at the first positioning hole, then attaching the upper die on the special-shaped oil tank shell, connecting the first end of the upper die with the first end of the lower die, and then inserting the second positioning arbor into the third positioning hole of the upper die and the second positioning hole of the lower die at the same time.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the present application provides a special-shaped oil tank shell drill jig and a drilling method, which fully utilizes the characteristics of the special-shaped oil tank shell, is accurate in positioning (the position of the special-shaped oil tank shell on the drill jig is determined by two positioning arbers in different directions), convenient to clamp (upper and lower combined clamping), and can efficiently complete drilling and tapping at one time by only turning the oil tank without disassembling the special-shaped oil tank shell in the drill jig. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 is a drill jig assembly schematic diagram;

[0030] Figure 2 is a support structure schematic diagram;

[0031] Figure 3 is a lower die structure schematic diagram;

[0032] Figure 4 is a drill sleeve structure schematic diagram;

[0033] Figure 5 is a bracket structure schematic diagram;

[0034] Figure 6 is a fixed arbor 1 structure schematic diagram;

[0035] Figure 7 is a positioning arbor 1 structure schematic diagram;

[0036] Figure 8 is an upper die structure schematic diagram;

[0037] Figure 9 is a positioning sleeve structure schematic diagram;

[0038] Figure 10 is a positioning arbor 2 structure schematic diagram;

[0039] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of a drilling operation process;

[0040] In the figure, 1 - support, 2 - lower mold, 21 - fixing hole, 22 - first threaded hole, 23 - first positioning hole, 24 - second positioning hole, 25 - lower mold drill sleeve base hole, 26 - lower mold observation groove, 3 - drill sleeve, 4 - support, 5 - fixed mandrel, 6 - bolt, 7 - first positioning mandrel, 8 - upper mold, 81 - third positioning hole, 82 - upper mold drill sleeve base hole, 83 - upper mold observation groove, 84 - second threaded hole, 9 - positioning sleeve, 10 - second positioning mandrel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The present application will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but should not be understood as limiting the scope of the subject matter described herein to the following embodiments. Any modifications, substitutions and changes made in accordance with ordinary technical knowledge and conventional means in the art without departing from the technical ideas of the present application are included within the scope of the present application.

[0042] As shown in Figures 1-10 , the special-shaped oil tank shell drill jig in the embodiment mainly consists of the following parts:

[0043] A support 1, as shown in Figure 2 , is made of steel profile and connected by welding, mainly used for supporting the drill jig, specifically including multiple square tubes, which are overlapped to form three steps with different heights to form different support surfaces, facilitating the subsequent processing of the special-shaped oil tank shell hole located on one side of the lower mold 2 during the overall overturning of the special-shaped oil tank shell;

[0044] A lower mold 2, as shown in Figure 3 , is made of 45# steel or other heat-treatable steel material, with a hardness of HRC45-50 after heat treatment and a blue surface treatment, mainly used for positioning the hole on the lower surface of the special-shaped oil tank shell. The surface profile of the lower mold 2 in contact with the special-shaped oil tank shell is consistent with the shape of the surface of the special-shaped oil tank shell, thereby facilitating the fitting. The lower mold 2 has a first positioning hole 23, a fixing hole 21, a lower mold drill sleeve base hole 25, a first threaded hole 22 and a second positioning hole 24, and the surface of the assembly side of the lower mold 2 needs to be opened with a lower mold observation groove 26, specifically located at the orifice of the lower mold drill sleeve base hole 25, to facilitate visual inspection of whether the drill jig and the surface boss of the special-shaped oil tank shell are deviated, as the special-shaped oil tank surface has a boss, and the special-shaped oil tank shell is a cast blank material with poor dimensional consistency, which may have a large positional deviation, therefore the assembly position needs to be confirmed through the observation groove 26.

[0045] Multiple drill sleeves 3, as shown in Figure 4The material is 45# steel or other heat treatable steel material, the hardness after heat treatment is HRC45~50, the surface treatment is bluing, and the device is mainly used for guiding during drilling or tapping. The drill sleeve 3 is in clearance fit with the upper die drill sleeve base hole 82 of the upper die 8 and the lower die drill sleeve base hole 25 of the lower die 2, and H7 / f7, H7 / g6, etc. are generally selected. The clearance fit is not suitable for being too large to ensure stability.

[0046] One support 4, such as Figure 5 The material is 45# steel or other heat treatable steel material, the hardness after heat treatment is HRC45~50, the surface treatment is bluing, and the device is mainly used for fixing the lower die 2 on the support 1 and has a reversible function, and is fixed on the support 1 by welding or assembly.

[0047] One fixed mandrel 5, such as Figure 6 The material is 45# steel or other heat treatable steel material, the hardness after heat treatment is HRC45~50, the surface treatment is bluing, and the device is mainly used for connecting the lower die 2 and the support 4, and is in clearance fit with the lower die 2 and in interference fit with the support 4. H7 / f7, H7 / g6, etc. are generally selected for the clearance fit, and H7 / s6, H7 / u6, etc. are generally selected for the interference fit.

[0048] One bolt 6, which is a standard part, is used for inserting into the first threaded hole 22 and the second threaded hole 84 to fix and connect the upper die 8 and the lower die 2.

[0049] One first positioning mandrel 7, such as Figure 7 The material is 45# steel or other heat treatable steel material, the hardness after heat treatment is HRC45~50, the surface treatment is bluing, and the device is mainly used for positioning the special-shaped oil tank shell and the lower die 2.

[0050] One upper die 8, such as Figure 8 The upper die 8 has the same requirements and functions as the lower die 2. The surface profile of the upper die 8 in contact with the special-shaped oil tank shell is consistent with the surface shape of the special-shaped oil tank shell, so as to facilitate the fitting. The upper die 8 is provided with a third positioning hole 81, an upper die drill sleeve base hole 82, an upper die observation groove 83 and a second threaded hole 84.

[0051] One positioning sleeve 9, such as Figure 9 The material is 45# steel or other heat treatable steel material, the hardness after heat treatment is HRC30~35, the surface treatment is bluing, and the device is mainly used for positioning the drilling depth to prevent insufficient or excessive hole depth. The positioning sleeve 9 has a locking function through a locking bolt to prevent loosening during processing.

[0052] One second positioning mandrel 10, such as Figure 10 The material is 45# steel or other heat treatable steel material, the hardness after heat treatment is HRC45~50, the surface treatment is bluing, and the device is mainly used for positioning the special-shaped oil tank shell and the lower die 2 and the upper die 8.

[0053] Referring to Figure 11 , the arrow represents the processing sequence, the method for drilling the special-shaped oil tank shell using the drill sleeve includes the following steps:

[0054] 1) Fix the lower mold 2 to the support 4 with the fixed core shaft 5, then assemble the special-shaped oil tank shell to the lower mold 2 and position it with the first positioning core shaft 7;

[0055] 2) Assemble the upper mold 8 to the lower mold 2 and position it with the second positioning core shaft 10, after the assembly, check the alignment of the drill hole position and the position to be drilled on the special-shaped oil tank shell through the upper mold observation slot 83 and the lower mold observation slot 26, then fasten and fix it with the bolt 6;

[0056] 3) Assemble the drill sleeve 3 to the upper mold drill mold base hole 82 of the upper mold 8, then assemble the positioning sleeve 9 to the drill bit, adjust the position of the positioning sleeve 9 according to the drilling depth requirement, after the adjustment, fasten the locking bolt, clamp the drill handle of the drill bit with the electric hand drill, and implement the drilling;

[0057] 4) Replace the drill sleeve 3 and use the tap to thread the base hole;

[0058] 5) After the drilling of all the holes on the upper surface of the special-shaped oil tank shell is completed, flip the drill mold, and process the back hole position of the special-shaped oil tank shell according to steps (3) and (4).

[0059] The above is only a specific embodiment of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited to this, any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or replacements within the technical range disclosed in the present application, which should be covered in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A drilling jig for an irregularly shaped fuel tank shell, characterized in that, include: Support (1), the support (1) has three support surfaces of different heights; The lower mold (2) has a first positioning hole (23) at its first end and a second positioning hole (24) at its second end. Multiple lower mold drill sleeve base holes (25) are also opened between the first end and the second end and on the lower mold (2). Each lower mold drill sleeve base hole (25) has a lower mold observation groove (26) machined at the opening position opposite to the irregular oil tank shell. The lower mold (2) is rotatably connected to the support surface at the middle height on the support (1) through the first end. The second end of the lower mold (2) overlaps on the support surface at the highest height on the support (1). The first positioning mandrel (7) is inserted into the first positioning hole (23); The upper mold (8) has a first end that is detachably connected to the first end of the lower mold (2), and a third positioning hole (81) at the second end. The upper mold (8) overlaps the second end of the lower mold (2), and a closed area for accommodating the irregularly shaped oil tank shell is formed between the upper mold (8) and the lower mold (2). Multiple upper mold drill sleeve base holes (82) are opened between the first end and the second end of the upper mold (8). Each upper mold drill sleeve base hole (82) has an upper mold observation groove (83) processed at the opening position opposite to the irregularly shaped oil tank shell. Positioning sleeve (9), the positioning sleeve (9) is an annular body with an open circumferential surface, and a threaded through hole is opened at the open position. A locking bolt is connected in the through hole. The inner annular surface of the positioning sleeve (9) forms a region for clamping the drill bit. Drill sleeve (3), which can be detachably inserted into the base hole (25) of the lower die drill sleeve or the base hole (82) of the upper die drill sleeve, and has a through hole for tapping or drilling. The second positioning mandrel (10) passes through the third positioning hole (81) of the upper mold (8) and the second positioning hole (24) of the lower mold (2), and at least a portion of it extends into the closed area between the upper mold (8) and the lower mold (2) that accommodates the irregularly shaped oil tank shell.

2. The drilling jig for an irregularly shaped fuel tank shell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The closed area formed between the upper mold (8) and the lower mold (2) that accommodates the irregularly shaped oil tank shell is consistent with the outer surface of the irregularly shaped oil tank shell.

3. The drilling jig for an irregularly shaped fuel tank shell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first end of the lower mold (2) is also provided with a first threaded hole (22); The upper mold (8) also has a second threaded hole (84) at its first end. The lower mold (2) and the upper mold (8) are connected by bolts (6) inserted into the first threaded hole (22) and the second threaded hole (84).

4. The drilling jig for an irregularly shaped fuel tank shell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first end of the lower mold (2) is also provided with a fixing hole (21); A bracket (4) is provided on the support surface at the center of the support (1), and a pivot hole is opened on the bracket (4); The lower mold (2) is rotatably connected to the support surface at the center of the support (1) by a fixed mandrel (5) inserted into the fixed hole (21) and the rotating shaft hole.

5. The drilling jig for an irregularly shaped fuel tank shell according to claim 4, characterized in that: The outer diameters at both ends of the fixed mandrel (5) are larger than the outer diameter in the middle.

6. The drilling jig for an irregularly shaped fuel tank shell according to claim 1, characterized in that: Three rectangular steel pipes of different heights, parallel and spaced apart, are fixed on the support (1), and the upper end face of the steel pipes forms three support surfaces of different heights.

7. A drilling method for an irregularly shaped fuel tank shell, wherein the holes to be drilled are distributed circumferentially along the surface of the irregularly shaped fuel tank shell, characterized in that, include: Two parallel planes intersect with the irregular oil tank shell, and all the holes to be drilled on the surface of the irregular oil tank shell fall into the area between the two parallel planes. The surface of the irregular oil tank shell between the two parallel planes is used as the positioning surface for positioning. The lower die (2) and upper die (8) of the drilling jig described in claim 1 are used to clamp the positioning surface of the irregular oil tank shell. Then, drilling and tapping are carried out one by one in the area between the two parallel planes.

8. The drilling method for an irregularly shaped fuel tank shell according to claim 7, characterized in that: The two parallel planes are perpendicular to the horizontal plane. A plane is used to divide the holes to be drilled on the irregularly shaped fuel tank shell into upper and lower parts. When drilling, the holes on the upper part of the irregularly shaped fuel tank shell are processed first. Then, the irregularly shaped fuel tank shell is rotated around one end so that the holes on the lower part face upward. Then, the holes on the lower part of the irregularly shaped fuel tank shell are processed.

9. The drilling method for an irregularly shaped fuel tank shell according to claim 7, characterized in that, Also includes: First, place the irregularly shaped oil tank shell on the lower mold (2), then insert the first positioning mandrel (7) at the first positioning hole (23), then attach the upper mold (8) to the irregularly shaped oil tank shell, connect the first end of the upper mold (8) and the first end of the lower mold (2), and then use the second positioning mandrel (10) to simultaneously insert the third positioning hole (81) of the upper mold (8) and the second positioning hole (24) of the lower mold (2).

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