A geological disaster-induced landslide experimental device and experimental method

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the field of geological disaster model experiments, and provides a geological disaster-induced landslide experimental device and experimental method, including an experimental box, wherein the interior of the experimental box is provided with a connected experimental cavity and a soil pile cavity, wherein the width of the experimental cavity is smaller than the width of the soil pile cavity, and the interior of the experimental cavity is fixedly connected with a partition, and the top of one end of the partition close to the soil pile cavity is hinged with an experimental support plate. The present invention sets a soil loading mechanism, after the landslide ends, the first telescopic rod drives the mounting plate to rise, and the mounting plate drives the sliding baffle and the bulldozer frame to rise, and after the bulldozer frame rises to a certain height, the second servo motor drives the second screw to rotate, and the second screw drives the bulldozer frame to move horizontally, and the bulldozer frame pushes the soil on the sliding baffle back to the experimental support plate through the movable bulldozer plate, and rolls the soil layer to compact the soil layer, without the need for manual auxiliary loading, which greatly improves the experimental efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of geological disaster model experiments, and in particular relates to a geological disaster-induced landslide experimental device and an experimental method. Background Art

[0002] Landslide refers to a natural phenomenon in which soil or rock on a slope slides downward along a certain weak surface or weak zone, either as a whole or in a dispersed manner, under the action of gravity, due to the influence of factors such as river scouring, groundwater activity, rain soaking, earthquakes and artificial slope cutting.

[0003] The effect of rainfall on landslides is mainly manifested in the large amount of rainwater infiltration, which causes the soil and rock layers on the slope to be saturated, and even water accumulates on the impermeable layer at the bottom of the slope, thereby increasing the weight of the sliding body, reducing the shear strength of the soil and rock layers, and causing landslides.

[0004] Because the deformation and damage inside the sliding body are difficult to observe when the landslide enters a period of rapid sliding, and the cost of in-situ testing is also high, indoor landslide models are often used for experiments when conducting landslide research.

[0005] When conducting landslide experiments, the experimental results often need to be repeatedly verified through multiple experiments. Existing landslide experimental devices require manual refilling and cleaning after a single experiment, which is rather troublesome and cannot automatically restore the initial experimental conditions, resulting in low experimental efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a geological disaster-induced landslide experimental device and an experimental method, aiming to solve the technical problem in the prior art that the initial experimental conditions cannot be automatically restored after a single experiment, resulting in low experimental efficiency.

[0007] The present invention is implemented as follows: a geological disaster-induced landslide experimental device comprises an experimental box, wherein the experimental box is provided with a connected experimental cavity and a soil pile cavity, wherein the width of the experimental cavity is smaller than the width of the soil pile cavity, wherein a partition is fixedly connected to the interior of the experimental cavity, wherein an experimental support plate is hingedly connected to the top of one end of the partition plate close to the soil pile cavity, wherein a sewage collection box is provided below the partition plate, wherein a plurality of seepage holes are provided on the experimental support plate, wherein a non-woven fabric is provided on the top of each of the seepage holes, wherein the non-woven fabric can prevent the soil on the experimental support plate from passing through the seepage hole to avoid soil loss, wherein a drainage hole connected to the sewage collection box is provided on the partition plate, and further comprising:

[0008] An angle adjustment mechanism, which is installed on the top of the experimental box, and the output end of the angle adjustment mechanism is connected to one end of the experimental support plate. The angle adjustment mechanism is used to drive the experimental support plate to rotate, and then the inclination angle of the experimental support plate can be adjusted. The device can conduct experiments on landslides of different angles;

[0009] A rainwater simulation component, the rainwater simulation component is installed on the top of the experimental box, the output end of the rainwater simulation component is located at the inner top of the experimental box, and the output end of the rainwater simulation component is located above the experimental pallet, and the rainwater simulation component is used to water the soil on the experimental pallet, so as to simulate the landslide state when it rains;

[0010] A soil loading mechanism is installed inside the soil pile cavity. Initially, the opening of the soil loading mechanism is located on one side of the bottom of the experimental pallet. When the soil layer on the experimental pallet slides, the soil will slide onto the soil loading mechanism. The soil loading mechanism is used to bring the soil to the top of the experimental pallet and push the soil onto the experimental pallet, thereby realizing automatic soil filling without manual refilling and cleaning, which greatly improves the experimental efficiency.

[0011] Further technical solution: the angle adjustment mechanism includes a first servo motor fixedly mounted on the experimental box, the output shaft of the first servo motor is fixedly connected to a first screw, a driving block is threadedly connected to the first screw, a driving rod is slidably connected to the side of the experimental support plate away from the soil pile cavity, the end of the driving rod is fixedly connected to a driving frame, and the driving block is rotatably connected to the driving frame.

[0012] Further technical solution: The rainwater simulation component includes a water pump fixedly installed on the experimental box, the water inlet of the water pump is connected to a water storage tank through a water inlet pipe, the water storage tank is fixedly installed on the experimental box, the water outlet of the water pump is connected to a water spray main pipe through a water outlet pipe, the water spray main pipe is fixedly connected to the inside of the experimental box, the water spray main pipe is connected to a water spray branch pipe, the water spray branch pipe is connected to multiple water spray heads, and the multiple water spray heads are all located above the experimental support plate.

[0013] Further technical solution: the soil loading mechanism includes a mounting plate, which is slidably connected to the inside of the soil piling cavity, and the mounting plate is "N"-shaped. After the mounting plate is raised, the side of the mounting plate close to the experimental support plate will block the soil to prevent the soil from falling into the soil piling cavity. The inside of the soil piling cavity is fixedly connected with a first telescopic rod, and the movable end of the first telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the bottom of the mounting plate. A bulldozer frame is slidably installed on the top of the mounting plate. The width of the bulldozer frame is the same as the width of the experimental cavity. The end of the bulldozer frame close to the experimental support plate is a hollow structure. Adjustment plates are slidably connected to both sides of the bulldozer frame. A second telescopic rod is fixedly connected, and the movable end of the second telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the adjustment plate. A third slide groove is provided on both sides of the bulldozer frame, and a first slide groove is provided on the opposite sides of the two adjustment plates. Initially, the third slide groove is connected to the first slide groove. In order to prevent soil from falling into the first slide groove, an accordion-type protective cover is provided on the first slide groove. The interior of the bulldozer frame is rotatably connected with a movable bulldozer plate through a pin shaft. A torsion spring is provided between the movable bulldozer plate and the bulldozer frame. The cross-section of the movable bulldozer plate is an inverted "V" shape. Initially, the side of the movable bulldozer plate close to the experimental support plate is in a horizontal state, and also includes:

[0014] A soil pressing mechanism, which is slidably mounted between the two third chutes, and is used to compact the soil on the experimental support plate, thereby making the soil layer more stable and preventing soil loss. When the soil pressing mechanism is located on the third chute, the surface of the soil pressing mechanism abuts against the inner surface of one side of the movable bulldozer plate, thereby rotating the other side of the movable bulldozer plate to a vertical state, which is convenient for subsequent pushing of the soil;

[0015] The driving mechanism is installed on the mounting plate, and the output end of the driving mechanism is connected to the bulldozer frame in a transmission manner. The driving mechanism is used to drive the bulldozer frame to move horizontally. The bulldozer frame pushes the soil on the mounting plate to move through the movable bulldozer plate, and pushes the soil to the top of the experimental support plate.

[0016] Side sliding grooves are provided on both sides of the experimental cavity, and side baffles are slidably connected inside the two side sliding grooves. A third compression spring is connected between the side baffles and the side sliding grooves, so that the width of the experimental support plate is the same as the distance between the two side baffles, and the width of the soil pressing mechanism is the same as the width of the experimental support plate. A linkage structure is set between the side baffles and the experimental support plate, and the linkage structure includes a limiting sliding groove opened on the side of the side baffle and a limiting column fixedly connected to the side of the experimental support plate, and the limiting column is slidably connected inside the limiting sliding groove.

[0017] Further technical solution: a sliding baffle is also arranged between the mounting plate and the bulldozer frame, a fourth slide groove is opened on the top of the mounting plate, a first slider is slidably connected inside the fourth slide groove, the sliding baffle is fixedly connected to the top of the first slider, the bulldozer frame is slidably connected to the top of the sliding baffle, a fifth slide groove adapted to the bulldozer frame is opened on the sliding baffle, a second compression spring is connected between the first slider and the mounting plate, the second compression spring is arranged at one end of the fourth slide groove close to the experimental support plate, and the length of the first slider is less than the length of the fourth slide groove.

[0018] Further technical solution: the driving mechanism includes a second servo motor fixedly mounted on the mounting plate, the output shaft of the second servo motor is fixedly connected to a second screw rod, and the second screw rod is threadedly connected to the bulldozer frame.

[0019] Further technical solution: the soil pressing mechanism includes a soil pressing roller arranged between two third slide grooves, the soil pressing roller slides and rotates inside the third slide groove, and first mounting grooves connected to the third slide groove are provided on both sides of the bulldozer frame, and a limiting slider is slidably connected inside the first mounting groove, and a connecting rod is fixedly connected to the side of the limiting slider, one end of the soil pressing roller is rotatably connected to the connecting rod, and one end of the connecting rod extending into the interior of the soil pressing roller is fixedly connected to a mounting seat, and a third servo motor is fixedly installed on the mounting seat, and the output shaft of the third servo motor passes through and extends to the interior of another third slide groove and is fixedly connected to a gear, and the other end of the soil pressing roller is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the third servo motor, and a fixed rack is fixedly connected inside the third slide groove, and the gear and the fixed rack are meshed and connected, and in order to enable the soil pressing roller to move smoothly to the adjustment plate, a second mounting groove connected to the first slide groove is provided inside the adjustment plate, and a movable rack is fixedly connected inside the second mounting groove, and initially, the fixed rack and the movable rack form a complete rack.

[0020] Further technical solution: an end scraper is also provided, and second slide grooves are provided on the opposite sides of the bulldozer frame near the end of the experimental support plate, and the end scraper is slidably connected between the two second slide grooves. A first compression spring is connected between the end scraper and the bulldozer frame. Initially, the top of the end scraper is in contact with the inner top of the experimental box. A notch is also provided on the top of the end scraper for the water spray head and the water spray head to pass through, so as to avoid the movement of the end scraper being affected.

[0021] Further technical solution: The surface of the experimental support plate is provided with a plurality of irregular protrusions, which can simulate the stones between the soil on the hillside, thereby increasing the radial friction of the soil layer, making it closer to the real hillside state and making the experimental results more accurate.

[0022] An experimental method using the above geological disaster induced landslide experimental device comprises the following steps:

[0023] S01: First, use the angle adjustment mechanism to drive the experimental support plate to rotate to a horizontal state, and pile up the soil layer on the experimental support plate and compact it;

[0024] S02: Then the angle adjustment mechanism drives the experimental support plate to rotate upward and tilts the experimental support plate at a certain angle;

[0025] S03: The rainwater simulation component then sprays water onto the soil layer on the experimental pallet to simulate the natural conditions of rain and observes the landslide data;

[0026] S04: After the landslide ends, the first telescopic rod drives the mounting plate, the sliding baffle and the bulldozer frame to rise, and makes the bottom of the bulldozer frame higher than the top of the experimental support plate, and then the driving mechanism drives the bulldozer frame to move horizontally, and the bulldozer frame pushes the soil on the sliding baffle back to the experimental support plate through the movable bulldozer plate, and makes the bulldozer frame reciprocate, and the end scraper can scrape the soil layer on the experimental support plate flat;

[0027] S05: Then the soil compacting mechanism is started and made to move reciprocatingly, so that the soil compacting mechanism compacts the soil;

[0028] S06: When the soil pressing mechanism moves to the adjustment plate, the second telescopic rod drives the adjustment plate and the soil pressing mechanism to descend, the soil pressing mechanism compacts the soil layer on the experimental support plate, and the second telescopic rod drives the adjustment plate to continue to descend, so that the soil layer can be continuously squeezed;

[0029] S07: After the soil is filled, the driving mechanism drives the bulldozer frame back to the top of the sliding baffle, and the first telescopic rod drives the mounting plate and the sliding baffle to descend to their original positions;

[0030] S08: Repeat steps S02 to S07 to conduct multiple groups of experiments.

[0031] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0032] 1. The present invention sets a soil loading mechanism. After the landslide ends, the first telescopic rod drives the mounting plate to rise, and the mounting plate drives the sliding baffle and the bulldozer frame to rise. After the bulldozer frame rises to a certain height, the second servo motor drives the second screw to rotate, and the second screw drives the bulldozer frame to move horizontally. The bulldozer frame pushes the soil on the sliding baffle back to the experimental support plate through the movable bulldozer plate. No manual auxiliary loading is required, which greatly improves the experimental efficiency.

[0033] 2. The present invention sets a soil compacting mechanism. After the soil falls onto the experimental support plate, the third servo motor drives the gear to rotate, and the gear rolls along the fixed rack. Under the reaction force, the gear drives the third servo motor and the soil compacting roller to move horizontally along the fixed rack. At the same time, the third servo motor also drives the soil compacting roller to rotate. The soil compacting roller rolls the soil to compact the soil layer, so that the soil layer is closer to the natural situation and the experimental data is more accurate.

[0034] 3. The present invention provides a second telescopic rod and an adjustment plate. When the soil pressing roller moves into the first chute, the second telescopic rod drives the adjustment plate to descend, and the adjustment plate drives the soil pressing roller to descend. The soil pressing roller compacts the soil layer on the experimental support plate. The second telescopic rod drives the adjustment plate to continue to descend, so that the soil layer can be continuously squeezed to make the soil layer more stable.

[0035] 4. The present invention sets the mounting plate in an "N" shape. After the mounting plate rises, the side of the mounting plate will block the experimental cavity, preventing the soil on the experimental support plate from falling into the soil cavity and preventing the soil from being lost;

[0036] 5. The present invention provides an end scraper. After the bulldozer frame rises to a certain height, the end scraper is subjected to a reaction force, and the end scraper is gradually inserted into the second chute, and one end of the bulldozer frame is closed. Then, the bulldozer frame is reciprocated, and the end scraper can flatten the soil layer on the experimental support plate, which is convenient for subsequent compaction of the soil layer.

[0037] 6. The present invention provides a plurality of irregular protrusions on the surface of the experimental support plate, which can simulate the stones between the soil on the hillside, thereby increasing the friction force in the radial direction of the soil layer, making it closer to the real hillside state and making the experimental results more accurate;

[0038] 7. The present invention provides a sliding baffle. When pushing soil, the bulldozer frame pushes the soil through the movable bulldozer plate. Since the soil has a large viscosity, the soil will stick to the sliding baffle, and the soil will drive the sliding baffle to move, and one end of the sliding baffle will extend to the middle of the experimental support plate. After the first sliding block is blocked, the sliding baffle will be blocked by the mounting plate, and the bulldozer frame will continue to push the soil to move, so that the soil can be pushed to the middle of the experimental support plate, so that the soil is more concentrated, which is convenient for compacting the soil;

[0039] 8. The present invention provides two side baffles and a linkage mechanism. When the experimental pallet rotates, the experimental pallet drives the side baffles to rise and fall through the limiting columns, so that the tops of the two side baffles are always higher than the upper surface of the experimental pallet, which is convenient for the formation of the soil layer on the experimental pallet and also ensures that the side baffles will not affect the movement of the bulldozer frame. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the overall front cross section of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 A is an enlarged schematic diagram.

[0043] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the side baffle in the present invention.

[0044] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of a front cross section of the soil loading mechanism in the present invention.

[0045] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the top cross section of the soil compacting mechanism in the present invention.

[0046] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of a front cross section of the soil loading mechanism in the present invention.

[0047] Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the enlarged view at B.

[0048] Fig. 9 It is a structural schematic diagram of the soil loading mechanism during soil filling in the present invention.

[0049] In the attached drawings: 1. Experiment box; 2. Angle adjustment mechanism; 21. First screw rod; 22. First servo motor; 23. Drive rod; 24. Drive block; 25. Drive frame; 3. Rainwater simulation component; 31. Spray main pipe; 32. Outlet pipe; 33. Water pump; 34. Inlet pipe; 35. Water storage tank; 36. Spray branch pipe; 37. Spray head; 4. Soil pile cavity; 5. Soil loading mechanism; 51. Second servo motor; 52. Bulldozer frame; 53. Soil pressing mechanism; 531. Soil pressing roller; 532. Gear; 533. Fixed rack; 534. First mounting slot; 535. Movable rack; 536. Second mounting slot; 537. Third servo motor; 538. Mounting seat; 539. Connecting rod; 53 10. Limiting slider; 54. Movable bulldozer plate; 55. First telescopic rod; 56. Mounting plate; 57. Sliding baffle; 58. Second screw; 59. Adjusting plate; 510. First slide groove; 511. End scraper; 512. First compression spring; 513. Second slide groove; 514. Second telescopic rod; 515. Third slide groove; 516. First slider; 517. Fourth slide groove; 518. Second compression spring; 519. Fifth slide groove; 6. Side slide groove; 7. Sewage collection box; 8. Experimental support plate; 9. Partition plate; 10. Drain hole; 11. Side baffle plate; 12. Seepage hole; 13. Limiting slide groove; 14. Limiting column; 15. Third compression spring; 16. Movable joint; 17. Experimental cavity. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0051] The specific implementation of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0052] like Figure 1-Figure 9 As shown, a geological disaster induced landslide experimental device provided by the present invention includes an experimental box 1, wherein the experimental box 1 is provided with a connected experimental cavity 17 and a soil pile cavity 4, wherein the width of the experimental cavity 17 is smaller than the width of the soil pile cavity 4, wherein a partition 9 is fixedly connected to the interior of the experimental cavity 17, wherein an experimental support plate 8 is hingedly connected to the top of one end of the partition 9 close to the soil pile cavity 4, wherein a sewage collection tank 7 is provided below the partition 9, wherein a plurality of seepage holes 12 are provided on the experimental support plate 8, wherein a non-woven fabric is provided on the top of each of the seepage holes 12, wherein the non-woven fabric can prevent the soil on the experimental support plate 8 from passing through the seepage hole 12 to avoid soil loss, wherein a drainage hole 10 connected to the sewage collection tank 7 is provided on the partition 9, and further includes:

[0053] An angle adjustment mechanism 2, the angle adjustment mechanism 2 is installed on the top of the experimental box 1, the output end of the angle adjustment mechanism 2 is connected to one end of the experimental support plate 8, the angle adjustment mechanism 2 is used to drive the experimental support plate 8 to rotate, and then the inclination angle of the experimental support plate 8 can be adjusted. The device can be used to conduct experiments on landslides of different angles;

[0054] A rainwater simulation component 3, wherein the rainwater simulation component 3 is installed on the top of the experimental box 1, wherein the output end of the rainwater simulation component 3 is located at the inner top of the experimental box 1, and the output end of the rainwater simulation component 3 is located above the experimental support plate 8, and the rainwater simulation component 3 is used to water the soil on the experimental support plate 8, thereby simulating the landslide state when it rains;

[0055] A soil loading mechanism 5 is installed inside the soil pile cavity 4. Initially, the opening of the soil loading mechanism 5 is located on one side of the bottom of the experimental pallet 8. When a landslide occurs in the soil layer on the experimental pallet 8, the soil will slide onto the soil loading mechanism 5. The soil loading mechanism 5 is used to bring the soil to the top of the experimental pallet 8 and push the soil onto the experimental pallet 8, thereby realizing automatic soil filling without manual refilling and cleaning, which greatly improves the experimental efficiency.

[0056] like Figure 1-Figure 3As shown, a geological disaster-induced landslide experimental device provided by the present invention, in this embodiment, the angle adjustment mechanism 2 includes a first servo motor 22 fixedly mounted on the experimental box 1, the output shaft of the first servo motor 22 is fixedly connected to a first screw 21, a driving block 24 is threadedly connected to the first screw 21, the experimental support plate 8 is slidably connected to a driving rod 23 on the side away from the soil cavity 4, the end of the driving rod 23 is fixedly connected to a driving frame 25, and the driving block 24 is rotatably connected to the driving frame 25.

[0057] The first servo motor 22 drives the first screw 21 to rotate, the first screw 21 drives the driving block 24 to move up and down, the driving block 24 drives the experimental support plate 8 to rotate through the driving frame 25 and the driving rod 23, and then the angle of the experimental support plate 8 can be adjusted.

[0058] like Figure 1-Figure 2 As shown, a geological disaster-induced landslide experimental device provided by the present invention, in this embodiment, the rainwater simulation component 3 includes a water pump 33 fixedly installed on the experimental box 1, the water inlet of the water pump 33 is connected to a water storage tank 35 through a water inlet pipe 34, the water storage tank 35 is fixedly installed on the experimental box 1, the water outlet of the water pump 33 is connected to a water spray main pipe 31 through a water outlet pipe 32, the water spray main pipe 31 is fixedly connected to the inside of the experimental box 1, the water spray main pipe 31 is connected to a water spray branch pipe 36, the water spray branch pipe 36 is connected to a plurality of water spray heads 37, and the plurality of water spray heads 37 are all located above the experimental support plate 8.

[0059] In order to more realistically simulate the state of rain under natural conditions, the water spraying direction of the water spray head 37 is made vertical, and a plurality of water spray branch pipes 36 are provided, and several water spray heads 37 are evenly arranged above the experimental support plate 8.

[0060] like Figure 2-Figure 9As shown, a geological disaster induced landslide experimental device provided by the present invention, in this embodiment, the soil loading mechanism 5 includes a mounting plate 56, the mounting plate 56 is slidably connected to the inside of the soil piling cavity 4, the mounting plate 56 is "N" shaped, after the mounting plate 56 is raised, the side of the mounting plate 56 close to the experimental support plate 8 will block the soil to prevent the soil from falling into the soil piling cavity 4, the inside of the soil piling cavity 4 is fixedly connected with a first telescopic rod 55, the movable end of the first telescopic rod 55 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the mounting plate 56, the top of the mounting plate 56 is slidably installed with a bulldozer frame 52, the width of the bulldozer frame 52 is the same as the width of the experimental cavity 17, the end of the bulldozer frame 52 close to the experimental support plate 8 is a hollow structure, and both sides of the bulldozer frame 52 are slidably connected with adjustment plates 59 , the bulldozer frame 52 is fixedly connected with a second telescopic rod 514, the movable end of the second telescopic rod 514 is fixedly connected to the adjustment plate 59, the two sides of the bulldozer frame 52 are provided with third slide grooves 515, the opposite sides of the two adjustment plates 59 are provided with first slide grooves 510, initially, the third slide groove 515 is connected with the first slide groove 510, in order to prevent the soil from falling into the first slide groove 510, an accordion-type protective cover is provided on the first slide groove 510, the interior of the bulldozer frame 52 is rotatably connected with a movable bulldozer plate 54 through a pin shaft, a torsion spring is provided between the movable bulldozer plate 54 and the bulldozer frame 52, the cross-section of the movable bulldozer plate 54 is an inverted "V" shape, initially, the movable bulldozer plate 54 is in a horizontal state near the side of the experimental support plate 8, and also includes:

[0061] A soil pressing mechanism 53, which is slidably mounted between the two third chutes 515, and is used to compact the soil on the experimental support plate 8, thereby making the soil layer more stable and preventing soil loss. When the soil pressing mechanism 53 is located on the third chutes 515, the surface of the soil pressing mechanism 53 abuts against the inner surface of one side of the movable bulldozer plate 54, thereby rotating the other side of the movable bulldozer plate 54 to a vertical state, which is convenient for the subsequent pushing of the soil;

[0062] The driving mechanism is installed on the mounting plate 56, and the output end of the driving mechanism is connected to the bulldozer frame 52 in a transmission manner. The driving mechanism is used to drive the bulldozer frame 52 to move horizontally. The bulldozer frame 52 pushes the soil on the mounting plate 56 to move through the movable bulldozer plate 54, and pushes the soil to the top of the experimental pallet 8.

[0063] After the soil is pushed onto the experimental pallet 8, the soil pressing mechanism 53 moves along the third slide groove 515 and the first slide groove 510. After the soil pressing mechanism 53 moves to the first slide groove 510, the second telescopic rod 514 drives the adjusting plate 59 and the soil pressing mechanism 53 to descend, so that the soil pressing mechanism 53 contacts and squeezes the soil on the experimental pallet 8. The soil pressing mechanism 53 reciprocates along the first slide groove 510 to compact the soil layer on the experimental pallet 8.

[0064] In order to compact the entire soil layer, side slide grooves 6 are opened on both sides of the experimental cavity 17, and side baffles 11 are slidably connected inside the two side slide grooves 6. A third compression spring 15 is connected between the side baffles 11 and the side slide grooves 6, so that the width of the experimental pallet 8 is the same as the distance between the two side baffles 11, and the width of the soil pressing mechanism 53 is the same as the width of the experimental pallet 8. In order to prevent the side baffles 11 from affecting the movement of the bulldozer frame 52, when refilling the soil, the height of the side baffles 11 needs to be lowered to the bottom of the bulldozer frame 52. Considering that the experimental pallet 8 needs to be rotated to a horizontal state when refilling the soil, in order to reduce costs and reduce driving equipment, a linkage structure is set between the side baffles 11 and the experimental pallet 8. The linkage structure includes a limiting slide groove 13 opened on the side of the side baffle 11 and a limiting column 14 fixedly connected to the side of the experimental pallet 8, and the limiting column 14 is slidably connected inside the limiting slide groove 13.

[0065] When the experimental pallet 8 rotates, the experimental pallet 8 drives the side baffles 11 to rise and fall through the limiting columns 14, so that the tops of the two side baffles 11 are always higher than the upper surface of the experimental pallet 8, which facilitates the formation of the soil layer on the experimental pallet 8 and also ensures that the side baffles 11 will not affect the movement of the bulldozer frame 52.

[0066] like Figure 5 and Figure 7-Figure 9 As shown, a geological disaster-induced landslide experimental device provided by the present invention is provided. In order to push the soil to the middle part of the experimental support plate 8 and prevent the soil layer at the edge of the experimental support plate 8 from sliding off, in the present embodiment, a sliding baffle 57 is further provided between the mounting plate 56 and the bulldozer frame 52, a fourth slide groove 517 is provided on the top of the mounting plate 56, a first slider 516 is slidably connected inside the fourth slide groove 517, the sliding baffle 57 is fixedly connected to the top of the first slider 516, the bulldozer frame 52 is slidably connected to the top of the sliding baffle 57, a fifth slide groove 519 adapted to the bulldozer frame 52 is provided on the sliding baffle 57, a second compression spring 518 is connected between the first slider 516 and the mounting plate 56, the second compression spring 518 is provided at one end of the fourth slide groove 517 close to the experimental support plate 8, and the length of the first slider 516 is less than the length of the fourth slide groove 517.

[0067] During landslide, soil will fall onto the sliding baffle 57. When pushing the soil, the bulldozer frame 52 pushes the soil through the movable bulldozer plate 54. Since the soil has a large viscosity, the soil will stick to the sliding baffle 57, and the soil will drive the sliding baffle 57 to move, and one end of the sliding baffle 57 will extend to the upper middle part of the experimental support plate 8. After the first sliding block 516 is blocked, the sliding baffle 57 will be blocked by the mounting plate 56, and the bulldozer frame 52 will continue to push the soil to move, so that the soil can be pushed to the upper middle part of the experimental support plate 8.

[0068] After the soil is pushed, under the action of the second compression spring 518, the sliding baffle 57 returns to its original position, thereby avoiding affecting the compaction of the soil by the subsequent soil pressing mechanism 53.

[0069] like Figure 5 , Figure 7 as well as Fig. 9 As shown, a geological disaster-induced landslide experimental device provided by the present invention, in this embodiment, the driving mechanism includes a second servo motor 51 fixedly mounted on a mounting plate 56, the output shaft of the second servo motor 51 is fixedly connected to a second screw 58, and the second screw 58 is threadedly connected to a bulldozer frame 52.

[0070] In order to reduce the volume of the experimental box 1 , the second servo motor 51 may be arranged outside the experimental box 1 . In this case, a movable seam 16 adapted to the second servo motor 51 is provided on the experimental box 1 .

[0071] like Figure 5-Figure 7As shown, a geological disaster-induced landslide experimental device provided by the present invention, in this embodiment, the soil pressing mechanism 53 includes a soil pressing roller 531 arranged between two third chutes 515, the soil pressing roller 531 slides and rotates inside the third chutes 515, both sides of the bulldozer frame 52 are provided with first mounting grooves 534 connected to the third chutes 515, one of the first mounting grooves 534 is internally slidably connected to a limiting slider 5310, the side of the limiting slider 5310 is fixedly connected to a connecting rod 539, one end of the soil pressing roller 531 is rotatably connected to the connecting rod 539, the end of the connecting rod 539 extending into the soil pressing roller 531 is fixedly connected to a mounting seat 538, and the mounting seat 538 is fixedly connected to the mounting seat 538 A third servo motor 537 is installed, and the output shaft of the third servo motor 537 passes through and extends to another third slide groove 515 and is fixedly connected with a gear 532. The other end of the soil-pressing roller 531 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the third servo motor 537. The interior of the third slide groove 515 is fixedly connected with a fixed rack 533. The gear 532 and the fixed rack 533 are meshingly connected. In order to enable the soil-pressing roller 531 to move smoothly onto the adjustment plate 59, a second mounting groove 536 connected to the first slide groove 510 is opened in the adjustment plate 59. The interior of the second mounting groove 536 is fixedly connected with a movable rack 535. Initially, the fixed rack 533 and the movable rack 535 form a complete rack.

[0072] In order to increase the stability of the third servo motor 537, the mounting seat 538 and the soil compacting roller 531 are rotatably connected.

[0073] When the soil compacting mechanism 53 moves, the third servo motor 537 drives the gear 532 to rotate, and the gear 532 rolls along the fixed rack 533. Under the reaction force, the gear 532 drives the third servo motor 537 and the soil compacting roller 531 to move horizontally along the fixed rack 533. The third servo motor 537 drives the limiting slider 5310 to move inside the second mounting groove 536 through the mounting seat 538 and the connecting rod 539. At the same time, the third servo motor 537 also drives the soil compacting roller 531 to rotate, and the soil compacting roller 531 compacts the soil.

[0074] like Figure 5 , Figure 7 as well as Fig. 9As shown, a geological disaster-induced landslide experimental device provided by the present invention, in order to make the soil layer on the experimental support plate 8 smoother, in this embodiment, an end scraper 511 is also provided, and the two opposite side surfaces of the bulldozer frame 52 close to the end of the experimental support plate 8 are provided with second slide grooves 513, the end scraper 511 is slidably connected between the two second slide grooves 513, and a first compression spring 512 is connected between the end scraper 511 and the bulldozer frame 52. Initially, the top of the end scraper 511 is in contact with the inner top of the experimental box 1, and the top of the end scraper 511 is also provided with a notch for the water spray head 37 and the water spray head 37 to pass through, so as to avoid the movement of the end scraper 511 being affected.

[0075] When the first telescopic rod 55 drives the mounting plate 56 to rise, the mounting plate 56 drives the sliding baffle 57 and the bulldozer frame 52 to rise. Since the end scraper 511 is blocked by the experimental box 1, one end of the end scraper 511 is gradually received into the second slide groove 513, and finally the bottom of the end scraper 511 is level with the bottom of the bulldozer frame 52, and the soil is located between the bulldozer frame 52 and the end scraper 511. When pushing the soil, the bulldozer frame 52 pushes the soil onto the experimental pallet 8 through the movable bulldozer plate 54, and then the bulldozer frame 52 drives the end scraper 511 to return, and the end scraper 511 can scrape the soil on the experimental pallet 8 flat.

[0076] The present invention provides a geological disaster-induced landslide experimental device. In order to increase the friction between the experimental support plate 8 and the soil, in this embodiment, the surface of the experimental support plate 8 is provided with a plurality of irregular protrusions (not shown). The protrusions can simulate the stones between the soil on the hillside, thereby increasing the friction in the radial direction of the soil layer, making it closer to the real hillside state and making the experimental results more accurate.

[0077] A drying device is also provided inside the experimental box 1, and the drying device can dry the soil layer on the experimental support plate 8 to make the soil layer more tightly combined, improve the stability of the soil layer, and make it closer to the real state.

[0078] During the experiment, the first servo motor 22 is started first, the first servo motor 22 drives the first screw 21 to rotate, the first screw 21 drives the driving block 24 to descend, the driving block 24 drives the experimental pallet 8 to rotate through the driving frame 25 and the driving rod 23, the experimental pallet 8 is rotated to a horizontal state, the soil layer is piled on the experimental pallet 8 and compacted, and then the first servo motor 22 drives the experimental pallet 8 to rotate upward, so that the experimental pallet 8 is tilted at a certain angle, and then the water pump 33 draws water from the water tank 35 and sprays it onto the experimental pallet 8 from the water spray head 37 to simulate the natural conditions when it rains, and then observe the landslide data;

[0079] After the landslide occurs, the soil layer on the experimental support plate 8 will slide onto the sliding baffle 57. After the landslide ends, during backfilling, the first telescopic rod 55 drives the mounting plate 56 to rise, and the mounting plate 56 drives the sliding baffle 57 and the bulldozer frame 52 to rise. The side of the mounting plate 56 will block the experimental cavity 17 to prevent the soil on the experimental support plate 8 from falling into the soil cavity 4. At the same time, the end scraper 511 is subjected to a reaction force, and the end scraper 511 is gradually inserted into the second chute 513 and closes one end of the bulldozer frame 52. After the bulldozer frame 52 rises to a certain height, the second servo motor 51 is started, and the second servo motor 51 drives the second screw 58 to rotate, and the second screw 58 drives the bulldozer frame 52 to move horizontally. The bulldozer frame 52 pushes the bulldozer frame 52 to move horizontally. The soil plate 54 pushes the soil on the sliding baffle 57 back onto the experimental support plate 8, so that the bulldozer frame 52 reciprocates, and the end scraper 511 can scrape the soil layer on the experimental support plate 8 flat, and then start the third servo motor 537, the third servo motor 537 drives the gear 532 to rotate, and the gear 532 rolls along the fixed rack 533. Under the reaction force, the gear 532 drives the third servo motor 537 and the soil pressing roller 531 to move horizontally along the fixed rack 533. The third servo motor 537 drives the limiting slider 5310 to move inside the second mounting groove 536 through the mounting seat 538 and the connecting rod 539. At the same time, the third servo motor 537 also drives the soil pressing roller 531 to rotate, and the soil pressing roller 531 rolls the soil;

[0080] When the soil pressing roller 531 moves into the first chute 510, the second telescopic rod 514 drives the adjustment plate 59 to descend, and the adjustment plate 59 drives the soil pressing roller 531 to descend. The soil pressing roller 531 compacts the soil layer on the experimental support plate 8, and the second telescopic rod 514 drives the adjustment plate 59 to continue to descend, so that the soil layer can be continuously squeezed to make the soil layer more stable.

[0081] After filling the soil, the second servo motor 51 drives the bulldozer frame 52 back to above the sliding baffle 57, and the first telescopic rod 55 drives the mounting plate 56 and the sliding baffle 57 to descend to their original positions, and then the first servo motor 22 can drive the experimental support plate 8 to rotate again, and the experiment can be restarted, which greatly improves the experimental efficiency.

[0082] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

[0083] In addition, it should be understood that although the present specification is described according to implementation modes, not every implementation mode contains only one independent technical solution. This description of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment may also be appropriately combined to form other implementation modes that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A geological disaster-induced landslide experimental device, comprising an experimental box (1), characterized in that: The experimental box (1) is provided with an experimental cavity (17) and a soil pile cavity (4) which are connected to each other. The width of the experimental cavity (17) is smaller than that of the soil pile cavity (4). A partition (9) is fixedly connected to the interior of the experimental cavity (17). An experimental support plate (8) is hingedly connected to the top of one end of the partition plate (9) close to the soil pile cavity (4). A sewage collection box (7) is provided below the partition plate (9). A plurality of seepage holes (12) are provided on the experimental support plate (8). Non-woven fabric is provided on the top of each of the seepage holes (12). A drainage hole (10) which is connected to the sewage collection box (7) is provided on the partition plate (9). The experimental box (17) further comprises: An angle adjustment mechanism (2), the angle adjustment mechanism (2) being installed on the top of the experimental box (1), the output end of the angle adjustment mechanism (2) being connected to one end of the experimental support plate (8), and the angle adjustment mechanism (2) being used to drive the experimental support plate (8) to rotate; A rainwater simulation component (3), the rainwater simulation component (3) being installed on the top of the experimental box (1), the output end of the rainwater simulation component (3) being located at the inner top of the experimental box (1), and the output end of the rainwater simulation component (3) being located above the experimental support plate (8), the rainwater simulation component (3) being used to water the soil on the experimental support plate (8); A soil loading mechanism (5), the soil loading mechanism (5) being installed inside the soil piling cavity (4); initially, an opening of the soil loading mechanism (5) is located on one side of the bottom of the experimental support plate (8); the soil loading mechanism (5) is used to bring soil to the top of the experimental support plate (8) and push the soil onto the experimental support plate (8); The soil loading mechanism (5) comprises a mounting plate (56), wherein the mounting plate (56) is slidably connected to the interior of the soil piling cavity (4), the mounting plate (56) is "N"-shaped, a first telescopic rod (55) is fixedly connected to the interior of the soil piling cavity (4), a movable end of the first telescopic rod (55) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the mounting plate (56), a bulldozer frame (52) is slidably mounted on the top of the mounting plate (56), the width of the bulldozer frame (52) is the same as the width of the experimental cavity (17), a sliding baffle (57) is further provided between the mounting plate (56) and the bulldozer frame (52), one end of the bulldozer frame (52) close to the experimental support plate (8) is a hollow structure, both sides of the bulldozer frame (52) are slidably connected to adjustment plates (59), and the bulldozer frame (52) is slidably connected to the experimental support plate (8). A second telescopic rod (514) is fixedly connected to the frame (52), and the movable end of the second telescopic rod (514) is fixedly connected to the adjustment plate (59). The two side surfaces of the bulldozer frame (52) are provided with third slide grooves (515), and the opposite side surfaces of the two adjustment plates (59) are provided with first slide grooves (510). Initially, the third slide grooves (515) are connected to the first slide grooves (510). The interior of the bulldozer frame (52) is rotatably connected to a movable bulldozer plate (54) via a pin shaft. A torsion spring is provided between the movable bulldozer plate (54) and the bulldozer frame (52). The cross section of the movable bulldozer plate (54) is an inverted "V" shape. Initially, the side surface of the movable bulldozer plate (54) close to the experimental support plate (8) is in a horizontal state. The invention also includes: A soil compacting mechanism (53), the soil compacting mechanism (53) being slidably mounted between the two third chutes (515), the soil compacting mechanism (53) being used to compact the soil on the experimental support plate (8), and when the soil compacting mechanism (53) is located in the third chutes (515), the surface of the soil compacting mechanism (53) abuts against the inner surface of one side of the movable bulldozer plate (54), and the other side of the movable bulldozer plate (54) is rotated to a vertical state; A driving mechanism, the driving mechanism being mounted on a mounting plate (56), the output end of the driving mechanism being in driving connection with the bulldozer frame (52), the driving mechanism being used to drive the bulldozer frame (52) to move horizontally; Side sliding grooves (6) are provided on both sides of the experimental cavity (17), and side baffles (11) are slidably connected inside the two side sliding grooves (6). A third compression spring (15) is connected between the side baffles (11) and the side sliding grooves (6). The width of the experimental support plate (8) is the same as the distance between the two side baffles (11), and the width of the soil pressing mechanism (53) is the same as the width of the experimental support plate (8); A linkage structure is provided between the side baffle (11) and the experimental support plate (8), the linkage structure comprising a limiting slide groove (13) provided on the side of the side baffle (11) and a limiting column (14) fixedly connected to the side of the experimental support plate (8), the limiting column (14) being slidably connected inside the limiting slide groove (13); The soil loading mechanism (5) further comprises an end scraper (511).

2. The geological disaster-induced landslide experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The angle adjustment mechanism (2) comprises a first servo motor (22) fixedly mounted on the experimental box (1); the output shaft of the first servo motor (22) is fixedly connected to a first screw rod (21); a driving block (24) is threadedly connected to the first screw rod (21); a driving rod (23) is slidably connected to a side of the experimental support plate (8) away from the soil pile cavity (4); an end of the driving rod (23) is fixedly connected to a driving frame (25); and the driving block (24) is rotatably connected to the driving frame (25).

3. The geological disaster-induced landslide experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rainwater simulation component (3) comprises a water pump (33) fixedly mounted on the experimental box (1); a water inlet of the water pump (33) is connected to a water storage tank (35) via a water inlet pipe (34); the water storage tank (35) is fixedly mounted on the experimental box (1); a water outlet of the water pump (33) is connected to a water spray main pipe (31) via a water outlet pipe (32); the water spray main pipe (31) is fixedly connected to the interior of the experimental box (1); the water spray main pipe (31) is connected to a water spray branch pipe (36); the water spray branch pipe (36) is connected to a plurality of water spray heads (37); the plurality of water spray heads (37) are all located above the experimental support plate (8).

4. The geological disaster-induced landslide experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A fourth slide groove (517) is provided at the top of the mounting plate (56), and a first slider (516) is slidably connected inside the fourth slide groove (517). The sliding baffle (57) is fixedly connected to the top of the first slider (516). The bulldozer frame (52) is slidably connected to the top of the sliding baffle (57). A fifth slide groove (519) adapted to the bulldozer frame (52) is provided on the sliding baffle (57). A second compression spring (518) is connected between the first slider (516) and the mounting plate (56). The second compression spring (518) is arranged at one end of the fourth slide groove (517) close to the experimental support plate (8). The length of the first slider (516) is less than the length of the fourth slide groove (517).

5. The geological disaster-induced landslide experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving mechanism comprises a second servo motor (51) fixedly mounted on a mounting plate (56); an output shaft of the second servo motor (51) is fixedly connected to a second screw rod (58); and the second screw rod (58) is threadedly connected to a bulldozer frame (52).

6. The geological disaster-induced landslide experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The soil compacting mechanism (53) comprises a soil compacting roller (531) arranged between two third slide grooves (515), the soil compacting roller (531) slides and rotates inside the third slide grooves (515), both side surfaces of the bulldozer frame (52) are provided with first mounting grooves (534) connected to the third slide grooves (515), a limiting slider (5310) is slidably connected inside the first mounting groove (534), a connecting rod (539) is fixedly connected to the side surface of the limiting slider (5310), one end of the soil compacting roller (531) is rotatably connected to the connecting rod (539), one end of the connecting rod (539) extending into the soil compacting roller (531) is fixedly connected to a mounting seat (538), and a first mounting seat (538) is fixedly mounted on the mounting seat (538). Three servo motors (537), the output shaft of the third servo motor (537) passing through and extending to the inside of another third slide groove (515) is fixedly connected with a gear (532), the other end of the soil pressing roller (531) is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the third servo motor (537), the inside of the third slide groove (515) is fixedly connected with a fixed rack (533), the gear (532) and the fixed rack (533) are meshingly connected, the inside of the adjustment plate (59) is provided with a second installation groove (536) connected with the first slide groove (510), the inside of the second installation groove (536) is fixedly connected with a movable rack (535), and initially, the fixed rack (533) and the movable rack (535) form a complete rack.

7. The geological disaster-induced landslide experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bulldozer frame (52) is provided with second slide grooves (513) on two opposite side surfaces close to the end of the experimental support plate (8); the end scraper (511) is slidably connected between the two second slide grooves (513); a first compression spring (512) is connected between the end scraper (511) and the bulldozer frame (52); initially, the top of the end scraper (511) is in contact with the inner top of the experimental box (1).

8. The geological disaster-induced landslide experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface of the experimental support plate (8) is provided with a plurality of irregular protrusions.

9. An experimental method for the geological disaster-induced landslide experimental device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The steps include: S01: first use the angle adjustment mechanism (2) to drive the experimental support plate (8) to rotate to a horizontal state, and pile up a soil layer on the experimental support plate (8) and compact it; S02: Then the angle adjustment mechanism (2) drives the experimental support plate (8) to rotate upward and tilt the experimental support plate (8) at a certain angle; S03: Then the rainwater simulation component (3) sprays water onto the soil layer on the experimental support plate (8) to simulate the natural conditions during rain, and observes the landslide data; S04: After the landslide ends, the first telescopic rod (55) drives the mounting plate (56), the sliding baffle (57) and the bulldozer frame (52) to rise, and makes the bottom of the bulldozer frame (52) higher than the top of the test support plate (8), and then the driving mechanism drives the bulldozer frame (52) to move horizontally, and the bulldozer frame (52) pushes the soil on the sliding baffle (57) back to the test support plate (8) through the movable bulldozer plate (54), and makes the bulldozer frame (52) reciprocate, and the end scraper (511) scrapes the soil layer on the test support plate (8) flat; S05: then starting the soil compacting mechanism (53) and causing the soil compacting mechanism (53) to perform a cyclic reciprocating motion, so that the soil compacting mechanism (53) compacts the soil; S06: When the soil pressing mechanism (53) moves onto the adjustment plate (59), the second telescopic rod (514) drives the adjustment plate (59) and the soil pressing mechanism (53) to descend, the soil pressing mechanism (53) compacts the soil layer on the experimental support plate (8), and the second telescopic rod (514) drives the adjustment plate (59) to continue to descend, thereby continuously squeezing the soil layer; S07: After the soil is filled, the driving mechanism drives the bulldozer frame (52) back to the top of the sliding baffle (57), and the first telescopic rod (55) drives the mounting plate (56) and the sliding baffle (57) to descend to their original positions; S08: Repeat steps S02 to S07 to conduct multiple groups of experiments.

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