Induced polarization experimental device and method for simulating rock and soil pore structure using nanopore array

Abstract

The present invention discloses an experimental device and method for induced polarization of a nanopore array simulating rock and soil pore structure, and relates to the technical field of electrical prospecting experiments. It comprises an experimental container, wherein a cavity is arranged in the experimental container, power supply electrodes are arranged at both ends of the cavity, a solid nanoplate is arranged in the middle of the cavity, and the space between the power supply electrode and the solid nanoplate is used to accommodate an electrolyte solution; a plurality of nanopores are arranged on the solid nanoplate, and the power supply electrode is used to apply a direct current electric field to the electrolyte solution, so that the ions in the electrolyte solution move in a directional manner from the nanopores to produce a polarization effect. The present invention studies the induced polarization effect in solid nanopores through experiments, reveals its microscopic mechanism, establishes a quantitative model, and explores the main factors and response laws that affect the induced polarization effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of electrical prospecting experiments, in particular to an induced polarization experimental device and method for simulating rock and soil pore structure using a nanopore array. Background Art

[0002] As an important geophysical exploration method, induced polarization is widely used in the fields of mineral resource exploration, water resource detection, underground structure detection, and engineering geological survey. Its basic principle is to apply a DC electric field to the underground medium to polarize the ions in the medium, measure the decay process of the polarization potential after power failure, and obtain the electrical parameters of the underground medium, thereby reflecting the physical properties of the underground medium and understanding the underground structure and composition more accurately.

[0003] Although the induced polarization method has achieved remarkable results in practical applications, the existing induced polarization technology is mainly focused on applications at the macro level, and its mechanism research at the micro level is still relatively insufficient. For example, in the Chinese invention patent application with publication number CN 111389890A and titled A Dynamic In-Situ Repair Particle Induced Polarization Experimental Device and Method, it is disclosed that the inner cavity of the cylinder can be filled with electrolyte and permeable porous medium, and an excitation electrode is provided at each end of the inner cavity of the cylinder. A current can be formed between the two excitation electrodes at a set time interval, and the polarization electrode is used to collect the induced polarization signals of the repair particles at different times and positions. The permeable porous medium includes pollutants and gravel, and the cylinder is filled with a saturated electrolyte so that the permeable porous medium is in a saturated state.

[0004] In the above-mentioned traditional induced polarization experiments, macroscopic-scale samples and electrode arrangements are mostly used, which makes it difficult to achieve precise control and measurement of ion movement and polarization processes at the nanoscale. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an experimental device and method for induced polarization of a nanopore array to simulate the pore structure of rock and soil, to experimentally study the induced polarization effect in solid nanopores, to reveal its microscopic mechanism, to establish a quantitative model, and to explore the main factors affecting the induced polarization effect and the response law, so as to solve the problems in the prior art.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A first aspect of the present invention provides an induced polarization experimental device for simulating rock and soil pore structure using a nanopore array.

[0008] The device for stimulating polarization of rock and soil pore structure by using nanopore arrays comprises an experimental container, a cavity is arranged in the experimental container, power supply electrodes are arranged at both ends of the cavity, a solid nanoplate is arranged in the middle of the cavity, and the space between the power supply electrode and the solid nanoplate is used to contain an electrolyte solution;

[0009] The solid nanoplate is provided with a plurality of nanopores, and the power supply electrode is used to apply a direct current electric field to the electrolyte solution, so that the ions in the electrolyte solution move in a directed manner from the nanopores to generate a polarization effect.

[0010] As an optional technical solution, two rod-shaped measuring electrodes are further arranged on the experimental container, and the two rod-shaped measuring electrodes are respectively arranged on both sides of the solid nanoplate, and the rod-shaped measuring electrodes extend into the cavity of the experimental container.

[0011] As an optional technical solution, the pore diameters at both ends of the nanochannel are larger than the pore diameter in the middle, which is used to simulate the pore structure of rock and soil.

[0012] As an optional technical solution, the experimental container includes a first part and a second part which are symmetrically arranged, and the solid nanoplate is arranged between the first part and the second part.

[0013] As an optional technical solution, it also includes a clamping base, which is arranged at the bottom of the first part and the second part and is used to adjust the clamping force of the first part and the second part on the solid nanoplate.

[0014] As an optional technical solution, holes are provided on the side walls of the first part and the second part, the electrolyte solution is injected from the holes, and the rod-shaped measuring electrodes are inserted from the holes; the electrolyte solution is used to simulate the electrochemical environment of groundwater and mineral solution.

[0015] As an optional technical solution, the ends of the first part and the second part away from the solid nanoplate are both provided with electrode accommodating parts, and the electrode accommodating parts are adapted to the power supply electrode; the ends of the first part and the second part close to the solid nanoplate are opened, and the peripheral sides of the openings are provided with contact rings, and the contact rings are adapted to the solid nanoplate.

[0016] As an optional technical solution, the experimental container is made of organic glass, and the rod-shaped measuring electrode is made of silver.

[0017] As an optional technical solution, it also includes an induced polarization instrument, which is arranged outside the experimental container and includes a power supply system, an electrode system, a data acquisition system, and a control and processing system, wherein:

[0018] The power supply system includes a DC power supply and a control module, the electrode system includes two power supply electrodes, the DC power supply is connected to the power supply electrodes, and the control module is used to control the DC power supply to apply a stable DC electric field to the power supply electrodes;

[0019] The data acquisition system includes a voltage sensor and a data recording device, wherein the voltage sensor is used to measure the decay process of the polarization potential in the medium after power failure, and the data recording device is used to store and process the measurement data of the voltage sensor;

[0020] The control and processing system is used to control the power supply and measurement process, and to process and analyze the collected measurement data.

[0021] A second aspect of the present invention provides an induced polarization experimental method for simulating rock and soil pore structure using a nanopore array.

[0022] The induced polarization experimental method of simulating rock and soil pore structure by nanopore array includes the following steps:

[0023] Assembling an induced polarization experimental device for simulating rock and soil pore structure using a nanopore array as described in the first aspect;

[0024] An electric field is applied to the experimental container using an induced polarization instrument, and the ions in the electrolyte solution move directionally through the nanopores under the action of the electric field; the movement of the ions in the nanopores is monitored and recorded, and the changes in the ion polarization phenomenon in the nanopores are recorded;

[0025] After applying the electric field for a certain period of time, the power supply is disconnected to stop the electric field action, and the electrochemical response of ions diffusing in the nanopores is continuously monitored and recorded to observe the potential change and polarization effect attenuation law during the ion diffusion process;

[0026] The experiment was repeated many times, and the curves of potential and current changing with time were plotted to analyze the polarization effect and diffusion law. Based on the experimental data, a microscopic mechanism model of the excitation polarization effect was established to quantify the movement and polarization process of ions in nanopores.

[0027] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0028] 1. The present invention provides an experimental device and method for induced polarization of rock and soil pore structure using nanopore arrays, which applies solid nanomaterials to microscopic experiments of induced polarization effect and uses the special structure of nanopores on solid nanoplates to achieve precise control of ion movement. This design can simulate the complex electrochemical environment in actual underground media, thereby revealing the microscopic mechanism of induced polarization effect.

[0029] 2. The nanopores of the solid nanoplate of the present invention provide a specific transmission path for ions in the electrolyte solution. Under the action of the electric field, the ions move in a directional manner through these nanopores, forming a polarization effect. Compared with the prior art, the nanopores of the solid nanoplate can significantly enhance the polarization effect, and the accumulation and polarization of ions are more obvious than at the macroscopic scale; the ion polarization phenomenon in the nanopores can amplify the electrochemical signal, making it easier for the excitation polarization instrument to detect these signal changes, thereby obtaining more experimental data and improving the sensitivity and accuracy of the experiment.

[0030] 3. The experimental device of the present invention adopts a high-precision electrode arrangement and data acquisition system, which can capture the slight changes in the ion movement and polarization process in the nanopore. The high-precision measurement provides detailed data for studying the microscopic mechanism.

[0031] 4. The present invention can reveal the microscopic mechanism of the induced polarization effect. The experimental results show the ion movement and polarization phenomenon in the nanopores and their relationship with the pore structure, which is conducive to the establishment of an accurate and quantitative induced polarization model.

[0032] 5. The present invention deepens the theoretical understanding of the induced polarization effect, helps to improve the accuracy and efficiency of the induced polarization exploration technology, and also provides a new experimental method and device, which improves the application level of the induced polarization method in geological exploration and reduces unnecessary drilling and measurement costs.

[0033] Of course, any product implementing the present invention does not necessarily need to achieve all of the advantages described above at the same time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings required for describing the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other accompanying drawings can be obtained based on these accompanying drawings without paying creative work.

[0035] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a solid nanoplate according to Example 1 of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure in the middle.

[0038] Figure 4 This is an experimental flow chart of Example 2 of the present invention.

[0039] In the accompanying drawings, the components represented by the reference numerals are listed as follows:

[0040] 1. Experimental container, 2. Clamping base, 3. Electrolyte solution, 4. Solid nanoplate, 5. Induced polarization instrument, 6. Power supply electrode, 7. Rod-shaped measuring electrode, 8. Nanochannel, 9. First part, 10. Second part, 11. Electrode accommodating part, 12. Contact ring, 13. Apertures at both ends, 14. Aperture in the middle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0042] Embodiment 1:

[0043] Porous nanomaterials have high specific surface area, adjustable pore size and excellent physical and chemical properties, and are widely used in catalysis, sensing, energy storage and other fields. Due to their unique structure and properties, they may exhibit characteristics different from those of traditional materials during the induced polarization process. Therefore, studying the induced polarization effect in porous nanomaterials and revealing its microscopic mechanism are of great significance to improving the accuracy and application scope of the induced polarization method.

[0044] However, there is still a lack of systematic research on the microscopic behavior and mechanism of porous nanomaterials during the induced polarization process. The ion movement in the material, the polarization effect and its relationship with the pore structure still need to be revealed through experimental research. In traditional induced polarization experiments, macro-scale samples and electrode arrangements are mostly used, which makes it difficult to achieve precise control and measurement of ion movement and polarization processes at the nanoscale.

[0045] Based on this, see Figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides an induced polarization experimental device for simulating rock and soil pore structure using a nanopore array, comprising an experimental container 1, a cavity is provided in the experimental container 1, power supply electrodes 6 are provided at both ends of the cavity, a solid nanoplate 4 is provided in the middle of the cavity, and an electrolyte solution 3 is accommodated in the space between the power supply electrode 6 and the solid nanoplate 4;

[0046] A plurality of nanopores 8 are evenly arranged on the solid nanoplate 4. The power supply electrode 6 is used to apply a DC electric field to the electrolyte solution 3, so that the ions in the electrolyte solution 3 move directionally from the nanopores 8 to generate a polarization effect.

[0047] In this embodiment, the solid nanoplate 4 is used to replace the traditional porous medium, and the solid nanoplate 4 is set in the middle of the experimental container 1. The electrolyte solution 3 can simulate the electrochemical environment of groundwater and mineral solution, provide a real ion background, and use the special structure of the nanopore 8 to achieve precise control of ion movement. This design can simulate the complex electrochemical environment in the actual underground medium, thereby revealing the microscopic mechanism of the induced polarization effect.

[0048] In addition, the nanopores 8 of the solid nanoplate 4 provide a specific transmission path for the ions in the electrolyte solution 3. Under the action of the electric field, the ions move in a directional manner through these nanopores 8, forming a polarization effect. The nanopores 8 of the solid nanoplate 4 can significantly enhance the polarization effect, and the accumulation and polarization of ions are more obvious than at the macroscopic scale; the ion polarization phenomenon in the nanopores 8 can amplify the electrochemical signal, making it easier for the induced polarization instrument 5 to detect these signal changes, thereby obtaining more experimental data and improving the sensitivity and accuracy of the experiment.

[0049] Furthermore, the ions in the electrolyte solution 3 can move freely and produce a polarization effect under the action of the electric field. This effect is similar to the ion polarization phenomenon in underground media and can provide reliable experimental data.

[0050] Furthermore, the concentration and composition of the electrolyte solution 3 can be adjusted according to experimental needs, so as to study the induced polarization effect under different electrolyte conditions and reveal its influence law.

[0051] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the nanopores 8 are evenly distributed along the length and width directions of the solid nanoplate 4, and the aperture 13 at both ends of the nanopores 8 is R1, and the aperture 14 in the middle is R2. The aperture 13 at both ends is larger than the aperture 14 in the middle, which is used to simulate the pore structure of rock and soil.

[0052] like Figure 1 As shown, in order to facilitate the replacement and fixation of the solid nanoplate 4, the experimental container 1 includes a first part 9 and a second part 10 that are symmetrically arranged, and the solid nanoplate 4 is arranged between the first part 9 and the second part 10. It can be understood that the ends of the first part 9 and the second part 10 close to the solid nanoplate 4 are both opened, and the first part 9 and the second part 10 are arranged relative to each other, so that the solid nanoplate 4 can be easily placed and replaced, and the electrolyte solution 3 can be easily circulated.

[0053] In order to enable the injection of the electrolyte solution 3 and facilitate the measurement and recording of the potential change in the medium, holes are provided on the side walls of the first part 9 and the second part 10 of the experimental container 1, and the electrolyte solution 3 is injected from the holes. After the electrolyte solution 3 is filled, the rod-shaped measuring electrode 7 is inserted from the hole.

[0054] It can be understood that there are two rod-shaped measuring electrodes 7, and the two rod-shaped measuring electrodes 7 are respectively arranged on both sides of the solid nanoplate 4. Figure 1 As shown, the top end of the rod-shaped measuring electrode 7 extends out of the experimental container 1, and the bottom end of the rod-shaped measuring electrode 7 extends into the cavity of the experimental container 1, so that it can contact the electrolyte solution 3, which is convenient for measuring the potential change in the medium.

[0055] In order to limit or change the relative positions of the first part 9, the second part 10 and the solid nanoplate 4 of the experimental container 1, the present embodiment further provides a clamping base 2, which is arranged at the bottom of the first part 9 and the second part 10, and is used to adjust the clamping force of the first part 9 and the second part 10 on the solid nanoplate 4.

[0056] Considering the convenience of operation, screws are respectively provided at both ends of the clamping base 2 of this embodiment, and the solid nanoplate 4 can be fixed to fit the experimental container 1 by screwing the screws, or the solid nanoplate 4 can be easily replaced.

[0057] As a further technical solution, Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, the ends of the first part 9 and the second part 10 of the experimental container 1 away from the solid nanoplate 4 are both provided with an electrode accommodating portion 11, and the electrode accommodating portion 11 is adapted to the power supply electrode 6; in this embodiment, the power supply electrode 6 is in the shape of a disc, and the electrode accommodating portion 11 adapted thereto is designed to be in the shape of a flat cylinder.

[0058] The ends of the first part 9 and the second part 10 close to the solid nanoplate 4 are opened, and a contact ring 12 is arranged around the opening, and the contact ring 12 is adapted to the solid nanoplate 4 .

[0059] It can be understood that the radius of the middle and both ends of the first part 9 and the second part 10 of the experimental container 1 is slightly larger, that is, the radius of the electrode accommodating part 11 and the contact ring 12 part is larger than the middle part. The experimental container 1 composed of the first part 9 and the second part 10 uses the increased area of ​​the electrode accommodating part 11 to place the wafer power supply electrode 6 and prevent the electrolyte solution 3 from leaking, and uses the increased contact area of ​​the contact ring 12 part to clamp and fix the solid nanoplate 4.

[0060] In this embodiment, the experimental container 1 is made of organic glass. The experimental container 1 made of organic glass has good chemical stability and does not react with the electrolyte solution 3, thereby avoiding interference caused by material reaction. The experimental container 1 has good transparency, so that the experimental process can be observed and recorded in real time.

[0061] The disc power supply electrode 6 is used to apply a uniform direct current electric field in the electrolyte solution 3 and is made of a silver material with good electrical conductivity. The rod-shaped measuring electrode 7 is also made of a silver material with good electrical conductivity.

[0062] This embodiment further includes an induced polarization instrument 5 , which includes a power supply system, an electrode system, a data acquisition system, and a control and processing system. The induced polarization instrument 5 is located outside the experimental container 1 .

[0063] The power supply system of the induced polarization instrument 5 includes a DC power supply and a control module, which is used to apply a stable DC electric field to the medium. The electrode system includes the two power supply electrodes 6 mentioned above, and the DC power supply is connected to the power supply electrodes 6 respectively. The output voltage and current of the power supply system can be adjusted as needed.

[0064] The data acquisition system of the induced polarization instrument 5 includes a high-precision voltage sensor and a data recording device. The voltage sensor is arranged inside the measuring device of the induced polarization instrument, and the voltage sensor is used to measure the decay process of the polarization potential in the medium (electrolyte solution) after power failure, and the data recording device is used to store and process the measurement data.

[0065] The control and processing system of the induced polarization instrument 5 is used to control the power supply and measurement process, and to process and analyze the collected data.

[0066] like Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, the experimental container 1 made of organic glass is filled with electrolyte solution 3, the clamping base 2 is used to fix the experimental container 1 and the solid nanoplate 4, the experimental container 1 is divided into two parts, namely the first part 9 and the second part 10, the solid nanoplate 4 is arranged in the middle of the first part 9 and the second part 10, the induced polarization instrument 5 is placed outside the experimental container 1, and a power supply electrode 6 is placed at the end of the first part 9 and the second part 10 separated from the inside of the experimental container 1, and a rod-shaped measuring electrode 7 is placed in the first part 9 and the second part 10. The solid nanoplate 4 has a uniformly distributed nanopore 8 structure, and the radius of the two ends of the pore is slightly larger than that in the middle. These nanopores 8 can simulate the tiny pores in the underground medium, so that the electrolyte ions can move in the nanoscale channel under the action of the electric field, thereby producing a significant polarization effect.

[0067] In the experiment, the nanopore 8 provided a precisely controlled environment for studying the movement and polarization effects of ions at the nanoscale, and facilitated the capture of tiny changes in the movement and polarization processes of ions in the nanopore 8, achieving high-precision measurements and providing detailed data for studying microscopic mechanisms.

[0068] Embodiment 2:

[0069] like Figure 4 As shown, this embodiment provides an induced polarization experimental method for simulating rock and soil pore structure using a nanopore array, comprising the following steps:

[0070] Assembling the induced polarization experimental device of the nanopore array simulating the rock and soil pore structure as described in Example 1;

[0071] Injecting electrolyte solution 3 into the experimental device;

[0072] Apply an electric field and record the polarization phenomenon;

[0073] Cut off the power and test the ion-induced polarization response law;

[0074] Repeat multiple groups of experiments and perform data analysis on the acquired experimental data.

[0075] As a more detailed technical solution, the experimental method of this embodiment specifically includes the following steps:

[0076] Step 1: Select organic glass as the material of the experimental container 1 , place the solid nanoplate 4 in the middle of the experimental container 1 , place the disc power supply electrodes 6 on both sides of the experimental container 1 , and clamp and fix them by the clamping base 2 .

[0077] Step 2: Prepare an electrolyte solution 3 of appropriate concentration and composition according to the experimental requirements, inject the prepared electrolyte solution 3 into the experimental container 1 through the circular hole reserved for the rod-shaped measuring electrode 7, and place the rod-shaped measuring electrode 7 after the electrolyte solution 3 is filled.

[0078] Step 3: Connect the electrodes to the induced polarization instrument 5, and set appropriate electric field strength and current parameters. Start the induced polarization instrument 5, apply an electric field in the experimental container 1, and the ions in the electrolyte solution 3 move directionally through the nanopore 8 under the action of the electric field. The induced polarization instrument monitors and records the movement of ions in the nanopore 8 in real time, and records the changes in the ion polarization phenomenon in the nanopore 8.

[0079] Step 4: After applying the electric field for a certain period of time, disconnect the power supply to stop the electric field. After the power is turned off, the electrochemical response of the ions diffusing in the nanopore 8 is continuously monitored and recorded by the induced polarization instrument. The potential change and the attenuation law of the polarization effect during the ion diffusion process are observed, and the potential change is measured by the rod-shaped measuring electrode.

[0080] Step 5. To ensure the reliability and consistency of the experimental results, the experiment was repeated several times to verify the repeatability and stability of the data. At the same time, according to the experimental results, the concentration of the electrolyte solution 3, the electric field strength, the nanoplate material and other parameters were optimized to further improve the performance of the experimental device and the accuracy of the data.

[0081] Step 6: Process and analyze the electrochemical data obtained during the experiment, draw the curves of potential and current changing with time, and analyze the polarization effect and diffusion law. The change of potential and current with time is due to the change of potential and current caused by the induced polarization effect after the medium is disconnected from the power supply. Based on the experimental data, a microscopic mechanism model of the induced polarization effect is established to quantify the movement and polarization process of ions in the nanopore 8 and reveal its main influencing factors.

[0082] It can be understood that the above-mentioned real-time monitoring and recording of the movement of ions in the nanopores, and monitoring and recording of the electrochemical response of ions when diffusing in the nanopores are all carried out in real time by means of induced polarization instruments; the potential change during the ion diffusion process is measured by means of rod-shaped measuring electrodes.

[0083] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "example", "specific example", etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0084] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are only used to help illustrate the present invention. The preferred embodiments do not describe all the details in detail, nor do they limit the invention to the specific implementation methods described. Obviously, many modifications and changes can be made according to the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments in order to better explain the principles and practical applications of the present invention, so that those skilled in the art can understand and use the present invention well. The present invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. The induced polarization experimental device of nanopore array simulating rock and soil pore structure is characterized by: The experimental container comprises a cavity, wherein the cavity is provided with power supply electrodes at both ends, a solid nanoplate is provided in the middle of the cavity, and the space between the power supply electrode and the solid nanoplate is used to contain an electrolyte solution; The solid nanoplate is provided with a plurality of nanopores, and the power supply electrode is used to apply a direct current electric field to the electrolyte solution, so that the ions in the electrolyte solution move in a directional manner from the nanopores to produce a polarization effect; The pore diameters at both ends of the nanochannel are larger than the pore diameter in the middle, and are used to simulate the pore structure of rock and soil; The electrolyte solution is used to simulate the electrochemical environment of groundwater and mineral solution; The experimental container is also provided with two rod-shaped measuring electrodes, which are respectively provided on both sides of the solid nanoplate, and the rod-shaped measuring electrodes extend into the cavity of the experimental container; The experimental container comprises a first part and a second part which are symmetrically arranged, and the solid nanoplate is arranged between the first part and the second part; The ends of the first part and the second part away from the solid nanoplate are both provided with electrode accommodating parts, and the electrode accommodating parts are adapted to the power supply electrode; the ends of the first part and the second part close to the solid nanoplate are opened, and the peripheral sides of the openings are provided with contact rings, and the contact rings are adapted to the solid nanoplate; the radius of the electrode accommodating part and the contact ring part is larger than that of the middle part.

2. The induced polarization experimental device for simulating rock and soil pore structure using a nanopore array according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a clamping base, which is arranged at the bottom of the first part and the second part and is used to adjust the clamping force of the first part and the second part on the solid nanoplate.

3. The induced polarization experimental device for simulating rock and soil pore structure using a nanopore array according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side walls of the first part and the second part are both provided with holes, the electrolyte solution is injected from the holes, and the rod-shaped measuring electrodes are inserted from the holes.

4. The induced polarization experimental device for simulating rock and soil pore structure using a nanopore array according to claim 1, characterized in that: The experimental container is made of organic glass, and the rod-shaped measuring electrode is made of silver.

5. The induced polarization experimental device for simulating rock and soil pore structure using a nanopore array according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an induced polarization instrument, which is arranged outside the experimental container and includes a power supply system, an electrode system, a data acquisition system, and a control and processing system, wherein: The power supply system includes a DC power supply and a control module, the electrode system includes two power supply electrodes, the DC power supply is connected to the power supply electrodes, and the control module is used to control the DC power supply to apply a stable DC electric field to the power supply electrodes; The data acquisition system includes a voltage sensor and a data recording device, wherein the voltage sensor is used to measure the decay process of the polarization potential in the medium after power failure, and the data recording device is used to store and process the measurement data of the voltage sensor; The control and processing system is used to control the power supply and measurement process, and to process and analyze the collected measurement data.

6. The experimental method of induced polarization of nanopore array simulating rock and soil pore structure is characterized by: The following steps are involved: Assembling an induced polarization experimental device for simulating rock and soil pore structure using a nanopore array as described in any one of claims 1 to 5; An electric field is applied to the experimental container using an induced polarization instrument, and the ions in the electrolyte solution move directionally through the nanopores under the action of the electric field; the movement of the ions in the nanopores is monitored and recorded, and the changes in the ion polarization phenomenon in the nanopores are recorded; After applying the electric field for a certain period of time, the power supply is disconnected to stop the electric field action, and the electrochemical response of ions diffusing in the nanopores is continuously monitored and recorded to observe the potential change and polarization effect attenuation law during the ion diffusion process; The experiment was repeated many times, and the curves of potential and current changing with time were plotted to analyze the polarization effect and diffusion law. Based on the experimental data, a microscopic mechanism model of the excitation polarization effect was established to quantify the movement and polarization process of ions in nanopores.

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