Membrane type composting device capable of operating automatically

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of waste biological treatment, in particular to an automatic running membrane type composting device which comprises a composting tank, a pushing frame, a stirring mechanism, a discharging mechanism, an aeration system and a composting membrane, a feeding mechanism is arranged on the left side of the composting tank, the pushing frame is arranged in the composting tank, and a plurality of bottom transverse frames in the front-back direction are arranged on the inner side of the lower portion of the pushing frame at intervals in the left-right direction; the front portion and the rear portion of the material pushing frame are each provided with a plurality of side stand frames in the vertical direction at intervals in the left-right direction. The structure is reasonable and compact, the bottom transverse frame, the side vertical frames, the middle connecting cross beam and the section are all triangular, the rightward pushing force generated to materials is large, the friction force between the materials and the bottom of the composting groove and the side wall of the composting groove and the resistance of the right side groove wall of the composting groove and a stirring mechanism to the materials are effectively overcome, and the materials are integrally pushed; the retention time of the material in the composting tank is convenient to control, the composting quality is ensured, and the effective volume of the material in the composting tank is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of waste biological treatment, and is an automatically operated membrane composting device. Background Art

[0002] Aerobic fermentation is the process of aerobic bacteria absorbing, oxidizing and decomposing waste under aerobic conditions. Through their own life activities, microorganisms oxidize part of the absorbed organic matter into simple inorganic matter, while releasing energy required for the growth of microorganisms, while the other part of the organic matter is synthesized into new cytoplasm, so that the microorganisms continue to grow and reproduce, and produce more organisms. While the biochemical degradation of organic matter is accompanied by heat generation, because the heat energy will not be completely dissipated into the environment during the fermentation process, it will inevitably cause the temperature of the fermented material to rise, which will cause some microorganisms that are not resistant to high temperatures to die and bacteria that are resistant to high temperatures to multiply rapidly. The membrane aerobic composting device is a composting device designed and improved on the basis of the existing aerobic fermentation bin. The aerobic fermentation bin is mainly constructed as a fermentation bin with a temperature maintained above 60°C. The fermentation bin is equipped with a stirring device and an induced draft system, which can provide a good ventilation environment for the microorganisms. At the same time, the induced draft system draws the waste gas generated by the microbial activities in the fermentation bin into the deodorization system to protect the surrounding air environment.

[0003] In order to facilitate transportation, the size of the fermentation tank is limited and the volume is usually not large (the largest volume is 20 cubic meters); and the aerobic fermentation cycle usually takes more than 20 days, so aerobic fermentation usually requires a larger fermentation volume.

[0004] Aerobic fermentation tank is a widely used aerobic composting device. The operation of this device requires a deodorization system. Because the deodorization system consumes too much energy when in use, the deodorization system is often not used during actual operation. In addition, the material stacking height of the aerobic fermentation tank is high and the volume is large, and the fermenting material cannot be cooled, resulting in a high fermentation temperature of the material. Excessive fermentation temperature of the material can easily cause the N element to be consumed too quickly.

[0005] Membrane composting uses an aerobic composting membrane covering process. The aerobic composting membrane is composed of an e-PTFE membrane and a substrate, which is sandwiched between two layers of solid polyurethane substrate membranes. The e-PTFE membrane is evenly distributed with micropores of 0.2um in diameter, and the polyurethane membrane has the characteristics of UV protection and corrosion resistance. The composite membrane is used to seal the kitchen waste mixture for high-temperature aerobic fermentation, which can protect against wind and rain and avoid the influence of bad weather, while allowing the carbon dioxide gas and water vapor generated during the treatment process to be quickly discharged. The water permeability of the membrane affects the change of moisture during the treatment process. The material should not be too wet, but sufficient moisture should be retained for the degradation of the material. The e-PTFE membrane has a certain insulation and pressurization effect, which can help the system maintain temperature, so that the oxygen concentration and temperature in the pile are evenly distributed, which is conducive to the entire pile reaching the temperature conditions for killing pathogens. The micropores with a pore size of 0.2um on the e-PTFE membrane are an effective physical barrier for dust, aerosols and microorganisms, preventing them from spreading outward.

[0006] The membrane aerobic fermentation device integrates membrane aerobic fermentation and integrated aerobic fermentation chamber, with a built-in propulsion device, stirring device and induced draft system of the aerobic fermentation chamber, and is configured with temperature sensors, humidity sensors, etc. in sections. The fermentation time of raw materials in the fermentation device is 25 days. The aerobic fermentation process should be accompanied by two temperature rises, which can be divided into three stages: the initial stage, the high temperature stage and the maturation stage. Initial stage: Bacteria that are not resistant to high temperatures decompose easily degradable carbohydrates, fats, etc. in organic matter, and release heat to raise the temperature, which can reach 15-40°C; High temperature stage: High temperature resistant bacteria multiply rapidly, and under aerobic conditions, most of the difficult-to-degrade proteins and fibers continue to be oxidized and decomposed, while releasing a large amount of heat energy, causing the temperature to rise to 60-70°C. When the organic matter is basically degraded, the thermophilic bacteria stop growing due to lack of nutrients, and heat production stops accordingly. The fermentation temperature gradually decreases, and when the temperature stabilizes at 40°C, the fermentation is basically stable and humus is formed; maturation stage: after cooling, some new microorganisms grow with the help of residual organic matter (including dead bacterial remains), and the fermentation process is finally completed.

[0007] However, during the membrane composting process, fermentation parameters such as the temperature of the materials inside and outside are quite different, which affects the fermentation effect. Therefore, the compost needs to be turned and mixed during the fermentation process to ensure that the composted materials can be fermented relatively evenly. However, the existing composting devices have defects. The Chinese patent document with publication number CN112341257A discloses a ground trough film-covered continuous fermentation device and method. The ground trough film-covered continuous fermentation device includes a fermentation tank dug below the ground, the top of the fermentation tank is covered with an inner moisturizing layer and an outer thermal insulation layer in sequence through a skeleton support, and the fermentation tank forms a closed fermentation space through the inner moisturizing layer and the outer thermal insulation layer; an aeration pipeline is laid at the bottom of the fermentation tank, and the aeration pipeline is connected to an aerator; the front section of the fermentation tank is a feeding area, and the feeding area is provided with a feeding conveying mechanism, and the feeding conveying mechanism is connected to a feeding bin, and the feeding bin is located outside the fermentation space. A spraying mechanism for spraying liquid fermentation agent is provided; the tail section of the fermentation tank is the discharging area, and the discharging area is provided with a material collection conveying mechanism, and the material collection conveying mechanism is connected to the material collection bin, and the material collection bin is located outside the fermentation space; the area between the front section and the tail section of the fermentation tank is the fermentation area, and the fermentation area is provided with a double propulsion screw and a temperature sensor, and each propulsion screw of the double propulsion screw is respectively connected to a driving mechanism, and the driving mechanism is installed in an equipment pool adjacent to the fermentation tank, and it uses the double propulsion screw to propel the material, but cannot propel the material on both sides of the double propulsion screw, and the propulsion efficiency is low, and in the process of propulsion of the material, the overall propulsion of the material cannot be achieved, which may easily cause the material on the upper right to collapse, so that the pile height cannot be established. On the one hand, the effective volume of the fermentation tank will be reduced, and on the other hand, the fermentation temperature and humidity cannot be guaranteed when the material height is reduced, which affects the composting effect. Summary of the invention

[0008] The present invention provides an automatically operated membrane composting device, which overcomes the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art and can effectively solve the problems of low propulsion efficiency, inability to build a pile of materials, and reduced effective volume of the equipment in the prior composting device.

[0009] The technical scheme of the present invention is realized through the following measures: an automatically operated membrane composting device comprises a composting trough, a pushing rack, a stirring mechanism, a discharging mechanism, an aeration system and a composting film, a feeding mechanism is arranged on the left side of the composting trough, a pushing rack is arranged in the composting trough, a plurality of front-to-rear bottom cross frames are arranged at intervals on the left and right sides of the inner side of the lower part of the pushing rack, a plurality of up-and-down side frames are arranged at intervals on the left and right sides of the front and rear parts of the pushing rack, a plurality of groups of middle connecting cross beams are fixedly installed at intervals on the left and right sides of the middle part of the pushing rack, the plurality of groups of middle connecting cross beams are arranged at intervals of at least one layer from top to bottom, the cross sections of the bottom cross frame, the side frame and the middle connecting cross beam are all triangular in shape which gradually widens from left to right, a driving mechanism which can make the pushing rack reciprocate left and right is arranged on the left side of the composting trough, at least one stirring mechanism is arranged at intervals in the composting trough, a discharging mechanism is arranged on the right side of the composting trough, the aeration system is arranged below the pushing rack, and the composting film is laid on the upper side of the composting trough.

[0010] The following are further optimizations and / or improvements to the above technical solutions: The above-mentioned pushing rack may be provided with a plurality of pushing assemblies at intervals on the left and right, the pushing assembly includes at least one pushing plate mechanism arranged at intervals on the upper and lower sides, the pushing plate mechanism includes a hinge shaft and a pushing plate, a front-to-rear hinge shaft is rotatably installed in the pushing rack, a pushing plate is fixedly installed on the outer side of the right part of the hinge shaft, the pushing plate pushes the material when the pushing rack moves to the right, and the lower part of the pushing plate swings to the upper right when the pushing rack moves to the left.

[0011] The above-mentioned push plate mechanism may also include a swing rod and a limit plate. The hinge shaft is rotatably installed on the right side of the middle connecting beam. A swing rod is arranged parallel to the lower right side of the hinge shaft. The push plate is fixedly installed between the right part of the hinge shaft and the left part of the swing rod. The limit plate is fixedly installed on the lower side of the middle connecting beam. The right side of the limit plate is in contact with the left side of the push plate. A limit groove matching the swing rod is provided on the lower right side of the limit plate.

[0012] The above-mentioned stirring mechanism may include a stirring shaft, stirring blades and a power mechanism. A support frame is provided on the upper part of the composting trough, and a plurality of stirring shafts are rotatably installed on the support frame. A plurality of stirring blades are fixedly installed at upper and lower intervals on the outer side of each stirring shaft, and an angle is formed between each stirring blade and the stirring shaft. A power mechanism capable of driving the stirring shaft to rotate is installed on the upper side of the support frame.

[0013] The left part of the bottom wall of the compost trough can be tilted upward relative to the right part, the pushing rack is arranged parallel to the bottom wall of the compost trough, the right side wall of the upper part of the compost trough is provided with a right sliding hole which passes through the left and right sides, a guide rack is slidably installed in the right sliding hole, the left side of the guide rack is fixedly installed together with the right side of the upper part of the pushing rack, the left side wall of the lower part of the compost trough is provided with a left sliding hole which passes through the left and right sides, a traction rack is slidably installed in the left sliding hole, the right side of the traction rack is fixedly installed together with the left side of the lower part of the pushing rack, and the left side of the traction rack is installed together with the driving mechanism.

[0014] The driving mechanism may include a push cylinder whose left end is hingedly mounted on the left side of the composting tank, and the right end of the piston rod of the push cylinder is hingedly mounted on the left part of the traction frame.

[0015] The aeration system may include an aeration pipe and an air intake pipe. A mounting groove is provided on the bottom wall of the composting tank corresponding to each mounting hole position. The rear portion of the mounting groove is inclined to the left relative to the front portion. The aeration pipe is installed in the mounting groove. An air intake pipe is provided in front of the composting tank. The front end of each aeration pipe passes through the corresponding mounting hole and is fixedly connected to the air intake pipe. A liquid accumulation tank is fixedly installed on the front side of the lower part of the composting tank, and the upper side of the liquid accumulation tank is located below the mounting hole. The above-mentioned discharging mechanism may include a clinker tank, a first screw conveyor and a second screw conveyor. A clinker tank is provided on the right side of the composting trough, a connecting hole is provided on the left side of the lower part of the clinker tank and is interconnected with the right side of the lower part of the composting trough, a discharging trough is provided on the bottom wall of the clinker tank, and a discharging hole that passes through the front and rear is provided on the front side of the clinker tank corresponding to the position of the discharging trough. The rear part of the first screw conveyor passes through the discharging hole and is installed in the discharging trough, and a second screw conveyor with a conveying direction from the lower right to the upper left is provided below the front end discharging port of the first screw conveyor.

[0016] The structure of the present invention is reasonable and compact. The cross sections of the bottom horizontal frame, the side vertical frame and the middle connecting cross beam are all triangular, which can effectively overcome the friction between the material and the bottom and the side wall of the composting trough, as well as the resistance of the right side wall of the composting trough and the stirring mechanism to the material. The material is pushed as a whole, which makes it easy to control the residence time of the material in the composting trough, ensure the quality of the compost, and ensure the effective volume of the material in the composting trough.

[0017] The material can be transported to the inner side of the left part of the composting tank by a screw conveyor or an existing known feeding device. The driving mechanism can drive the push rack to move back and forth left and right. When the push rack moves back and forth left and right, the material in the composting tank is slowly pushed from left to right as a whole. In the process of pushing the material as a whole, the stirring structure can improve the material when it works, so that the material is piled up, and the effective volume of the fermentation tank can be fully utilized. At the same time, the material height can also ensure the fermentation temperature and humidity, and ensure the composting effect. The material slowly moves to the right and can stay in the composting tank for about 25 days, and finally pushes the material to the discharging mechanism. The material stays in the composting tank for about 25 days to complete aerobic fermentation to generate organic fertilizer. The stirring mechanism can stir and tumble the material in the composting tank to make the material uniform, and can also increase the material pile height and increase the effective volume of the equipment. The aeration system can provide air (oxygen) to the material; when the material temperature is high, the air supply can be increased through the aeration system to reduce the material fermentation temperature. When the material temperature is low, the air supply can be reduced through the aeration system to increase the material fermentation temperature. After the fermentation cycle, the material is pushed to the discharging mechanism.

[0018] When the pushing rack moves to the right to push the material, the contact area between the material and the pushing rack can be ensured, and the material as a whole can be gradually pushed to the discharging mechanism by the pushing rack moving to the right; when the pushing rack moves to the left to reset, the material in the compost trough passes through the oblique edges of the cross-sections of the bottom horizontal frame and the side vertical frame, which can reduce the resistance of the pushing rack to the material when it moves to the left, and can also prevent the material in the compost trough from being pushed to the left part of the compost trough by the composting rack, which can ensure the efficiency of the material in the compost trough continuously moving to the right to the discharging mechanism when the pushing rack moves back and forth left and right. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Attached Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the best embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Attached Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the best embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Attached Figure 3 The schematic diagram of the top view of the structure of the best embodiment of the present invention with the pusher frame removed.

[0022] Attached Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the main cross-sectional structure of the best embodiment of the present invention with the pusher frame removed.

[0023] Attached Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the main cross-sectional structure of the best embodiment of the present invention with the stirring mechanism removed.

[0024] Attached Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the pusher rack in the best embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Attached Figure 7 For attachment Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at point A in the middle.

[0026] Attached Figure 8 For attachment Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at point B in the middle.

[0027] The codes in the accompanying drawings are: 1 is a composting trough, 2 is a pusher rack, 3 is a clinker pool, 4 is a connecting hole, 5 is a support frame, 6 is an aeration pipe, 7 is a guide frame, 8 is a traction frame, 9 is a hinged shaft, 10 is a swing rod, 11 is a pusher plate, 12 is a limit plate, 13 is an intermediate connecting beam, 14 is a limit groove, 15 is a bottom cross frame, 16 is a side frame, 17 is a pusher cylinder, 18 is a stirring shaft, 19 is a stirring blade, 20 is a ratchet, 21 is a pawl, 22 is a ratchet, 23 is a mounting plate, 24 is a stirring cylinder, 25 is a connecting pin, 26 is a first screw conveyor, 27 is a second screw conveyor, 28 is an air inlet pipe, 29 is a liquid accumulation tank, 30 is a feeding mechanism, and 31 is a composting membrane. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The present invention is not limited by the following embodiments, and specific implementation methods can be determined based on the technical solution of the present invention and actual conditions.

[0029] In the present invention, for the convenience of description, the relative position relationship of each component is described according to the attached Figure 1 The layout is described in detail, such as the positional relationship of front, back, top, bottom, left, right, etc., which is based on the attached manual. Figure 1 The layout direction is determined by the

[0030] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiments and drawings: Embodiment 1: As shown in the attached Figures 1 to 6 As shown, the automatically operated membrane composting device comprises a composting tank 1, a pusher rack 2, a stirring mechanism, a discharging mechanism, an aeration system and a composting membrane 31. A feeding mechanism 30 is arranged on the left side of the composting tank 1. A pusher rack 2 is arranged inside the composting tank 1. A plurality of front-to-back bottom cross frames 15 are arranged at intervals on the left and right sides of the lower inner side of the pusher rack 2. A plurality of up-and-down side frames 16 are arranged at intervals on the left and right sides of the front and rear of the pusher rack 2. A plurality of groups of intermediate connecting cross beams are fixedly installed at intervals on the left and right sides of the middle of the pusher rack 2. 13, the plurality of groups of intermediate connecting beams 13 are arranged to be at least one layer from top to bottom, the cross sections of the bottom cross frame 15, the side vertical frame 16 and the intermediate connecting beam 13 are all triangles that gradually widen from left to right, a driving mechanism that can make the pushing frame 2 reciprocate left and right is provided on the left side of the composting trough 1, at least one stirring mechanism is provided at intervals in the composting trough 1, a discharging mechanism is provided on the right side of the composting trough 1, an aeration system is provided below the pushing frame 2, and a composting film 31 is laid on the upper side of the composting trough 1.

[0031] According to the needs, the feeding mechanism 30 is an existing well-known technology, such as a screw conveyor or an existing well-known feeding equipment, and the composting membrane 31 is an existing well-known technology, such as an aerobic composting membrane. The aerobic composting membrane is composed of an e-PTFE membrane and a substrate. Compared with the composting tank, when the device is used, the composting membrane 31 is arranged on the upper side of the composting tank 1, and the deodorization equipment is not needed, which simplifies the automatic membrane composting device.

[0032] The present invention adopts a pushing frame, a bottom horizontal frame 15, a side frame 16 and a middle connecting beam 13 to push the material to move, and stir it during the pushing process; the traditional membrane composting process changes the material to be stationary in place, and changes it to a process in which the facility is stationary and the material moves from left to right.

[0033] Attached Figure 4 In the film composting tank, the material moves from left to right, gradually heating up, fermenting and maturing, and relatively stable areas are formed, namely, the heating area, the high-temperature fermentation area and the maturation area.

[0034] In order to ensure the composting fermentation effect and quality of the materials, the materials need to be able to move at a relatively uniform speed in the composting tank to ensure the residence time of the materials in each area of ​​the composting tank; at the same time, in order to ensure the effective volume of the materials in the composting tank, the materials need to move as a whole in the composting tank.

[0035] The bottom cross frame 15 has a triangular cross section. When the pusher frame 2 moves to the right, the material on the right side of the bottom cross frame 15 is pushed to overcome the friction resistance and move to the right; when the pusher frame 2 moves to the left, due to the triangular cross section, the pushing force on the material is small and the friction resistance of the material cannot be overcome, so the material will not move to the left.

[0036] Because the material and the bottom of the compost trough, the side wall of the compost trough, the right side wall of the compost trough and the stirring mechanism all have friction and resistance, if only the bottom cross frame 15 with a triangular cross section is used, the material on the right side of the bottom cross frame 15 can only be pushed to move to the right, and the material on the bottom cross frame 15 keeps falling. Since the bottom material moves to the right, the material in the compost trough is higher on the left and lower on the right, and the effective volume of the material in the compost trough cannot be guaranteed; if the bottom cross frame 15 and the side stand frame 16 are both triangular cross-sections, although the friction resistance between the material and the compost trough can be effectively overcome, the material in the compost trough cannot be effectively pushed as a whole due to the resistance of the right side wall of the compost trough and the stirring mechanism to the material.

[0037] The cross sections of the bottom horizontal frame 15, the side vertical frame 16, and the middle connecting beam 13 in the present application are all triangular, which produces a large rightward pushing force on the material, effectively overcoming the friction between the material and the bottom and side walls of the compost trough, as well as the resistance of the right side wall of the compost trough and the stirring mechanism to the material, so that the material is pushed as a whole, and the overall push of the material makes it easy to control the residence time of the material in the compost trough, ensure the quality of the compost, and ensure the effective volume of the material in the compost trough.

[0038] The material is transported to the inner left side of the composting tank 1 through the feeding mechanism 30, and the driving mechanism can drive the pushing rack 2 to move back and forth. When the pushing rack 2 moves back and forth, the material in the composting tank 1 is slowly pushed from left to right as a whole. In the process of pushing the material as a whole, the stirring structure can improve the material when it works, so that the material is piled up high, and the effective volume of the fermentation tank can be fully utilized. At the same time, the material height can also ensure the fermentation temperature and humidity, and ensure the composting effect. The material slowly moves to the right and can stay in the composting tank 1 for about 25 days, and finally the material is pushed to the outlet. The material mechanism can complete aerobic fermentation and generate organic fertilizer after staying in the composting tank 1 for about 25 days. The stirring mechanism can stir and tumble the material in the composting tank 1 to make the material uniform, and can also increase the material pile height and increase the effective volume of the equipment. The aeration system can provide air (oxygen) to the material; when the material temperature is high, the aeration system can increase the air supply and reduce the material fermentation temperature. When the material temperature is low, the aeration system can reduce the air supply and increase the material fermentation temperature. After the fermentation cycle, the material is pushed to the discharging mechanism, and the discharging mechanism transports and transfers the fermented material.

[0039] According to the requirements, the composting trough 1 can be set in the pit, and the pushing frame 2 may include a first cross bar, a second cross bar, a third cross bar and a fourth cross bar. The cross sections of the first cross bar, the second cross bar, the third cross bar and the fourth cross bar are all rectangular and parallel to the bottom wall of the composting trough 1. The first cross bar and the second cross bar are arranged at intervals on the inner side of the upper part of the composting trough 1. The third cross bar and the fourth cross bar are respectively arranged below the first cross bar and below the second cross bar. A plurality of front-to-back bottom cross frames 15 are fixedly installed at intervals on the rear side of the third cross bar and the front side of the fourth cross bar. The longitudinal section of each bottom cross frame 15 is triangular, and the first side of the cross section of the bottom cross frame 15 is parallel to the composting trough. 1, the second side of the cross section of the bottom cross frame 15 is perpendicular to the bottom wall of the composting tank 1, the right part of the third side of the cross section of the bottom cross frame 15 is inclined upward relative to the left part, a plurality of front fixing grooves are arranged at intervals on the left and right sides of the front side of the first cross beam, a plurality of rear fixing grooves are arranged at intervals on the left and right sides of the rear side of the second cross beam, the upper outer side of the front side frame 16 is fixedly installed in the front fixing groove, the upper outer side of the rear side frame 16 is fixedly installed in the rear fixing groove, the first side of the cross section of the side frame 16 is coplanar with the front side surface of the first cross beam, the second side of the cross section of the side frame 16 is perpendicular to the first side, and the right part of the third side of the cross section of the side frame 16 is inclined inward relative to the left part.

[0040] In this way, during the process of the pushing rack 2 moving to the right to push the material, the contact area between the material and the pushing rack 2 can be ensured, and the whole material can be gradually pushed to the discharging mechanism by the pushing rack 2 moving to the right. When the pushing rack 2 moves to the left to reset, the material in the composting trough 1 passes through the oblique edges of the cross sections of the bottom cross frame 15 and the side vertical frame 16, which can reduce the resistance of the pushing rack 2 to the material when it moves to the left, and can also prevent the material in the composting trough 1 from being pushed to the left part of the composting trough 1 by the composting rack, which can ensure the efficiency of the material in the composting trough 1 continuously moving to the right to the discharging mechanism when the pushing rack 2 moves back and forth left and right.

[0041] The above-mentioned automatic membrane composting device can be further optimized and / or improved according to actual needs: Embodiment 2: As an optimization of the above embodiment, as shown in the attached Figure 2 , 5 As shown in Figures 6 and 8, a plurality of pushing assemblies are arranged at left and right intervals in the pushing rack 2, and the pushing assemblies include at least one pushing plate mechanism arranged at upper and lower intervals, and the pushing plate mechanism includes a hinge shaft 9 and a pushing plate 11. A front-to-rear hinge shaft 9 is rotatably installed in the pushing rack 2, and a pushing plate 11 is fixedly installed on the outer right side of the hinge shaft 9. The pushing plate 11 pushes the material when the pushing rack 2 moves to the right, and the lower part of the pushing plate 11 swings to the upper right when the pushing rack 2 moves to the left.

[0042] According to needs, the spacing of the pushing components from left to right can be gradually increased or remain unchanged. During the movement of the pushing plate 11 with the pushing rack 2 to the right, the left side of the pushing plate 11 is against the inner side of the pushing rack 2. In this way, during the movement of the pushing plate 11 to the right, the right side of the pushing plate 11 can push the material. When the pushing rack 2 moves to the left, after the pushing plate 11 is resisted by the material on the left, the lower part of the pushing plate 11 swings to the upper right. After the swing, the contact area between the pushing plate 11 and the material is reduced. This can prevent the material from being brought back to the left part of the compost trough 1 by the pushing plate 11. In this way, during the reciprocating movement of the pushing plate 11 with the pushing rack 2 to the left and right, the material in the compost trough 1 can be pushed as a whole or partially as a whole.

[0043] Embodiment 3: As an optimization of the above embodiment, as shown in the attached Figure 2 , 5 As shown in Figures 6 and 8, the push plate mechanism also includes a swing rod 10 and a limit plate 12. The hinge shaft 9 is rotatably installed on the right side of the middle connecting beam 13. The swing rod 10 is arranged parallel to the lower right side of the hinge shaft 9. The push plate 11 is fixedly installed between the right part of the hinge shaft 9 and the left part of the swing rod 10. The limit plate 12 is fixedly installed on the lower side of the middle connecting beam 13. The right side of the limit plate 12 is in contact with the left side of the push plate 11. A limit groove 14 matching the swing rod 10 is provided on the lower right side of the limit plate 12.

[0044] According to the requirements, the cross section of the middle connecting beam 13 is a triangle that gradually widens from left to right. The lower front and rear sides of the middle connecting beam 13 are fixedly installed with a limit plate 12. A hinged ear plate is fixed to the upper side of the limit plate 12. The left side of the hinged ear plate is fixed to the right side of the middle connecting beam 13. The front side of the hinged ear plate is provided with a hinge hole that passes through front and back. The front end of the hinge shaft 9 is rotatably installed in the front hinge hole, and the rear end of the hinge shaft 9 is rotatably installed in the rear hinge hole. The structure of the middle connecting beam 13 is the same as that of the bottom cross frame 15. The right side of the middle connecting beam 13 is rotatably installed with a front-to-back hinge shaft 9. A swing rod 10 is arranged in parallel at the lower right side of the hinge shaft 9. The push plate 11 is fixedly installed between the right part of the hinge shaft 9 and the left part of the swing rod 10. The right part of the pushing plate 11 is tilted downward relative to the left part, and the right side of the limiting plate 12 contacts with the left side of the pushing plate 11. In the process of pushing the material to the right with the pushing frame 2, the resistance of the material is increased. In the process of resetting the pushing plate 11 to the left with the pushing frame 2, after the pushing plate 11 is subjected to the resistance of the material, the swing arm 10 rotates upward around the hinge shaft 9, and the resistance of the material will be reduced. Several pushing assemblies are arranged at intervals on the left and right inside the pushing frame 2. In this way, in the process of the pushing frame 2 moving to the right, the material in the compost trough 1 can be pushed as a whole or partially as a whole. On the one hand, the pushing efficiency is improved, and on the other hand, the material is piled up to form a left-low and right-high shape in the compost trough 1, thereby improving the effective volume and composting effect of the compost trough 1.

[0045] Embodiment 4: As an optimization of the above embodiment, as shown in the attached Figure 1 , 2 As shown in Figures 3, 4 and 7, the stirring mechanism includes a stirring shaft 18, stirring blades 19 and a power mechanism. A support frame 5 is provided on the upper part of the composting tank 1, and a plurality of stirring shafts 18 are rotatably mounted on the support frame 5. A plurality of stirring blades 19 are fixedly mounted at intervals on the outer side of each stirring shaft 18, and an angle is formed between each stirring blade 19 and the stirring shaft 18. A power mechanism capable of driving the stirring shaft 18 to rotate is installed on the upper side of the support frame 5.

[0046] According to the requirements, the power mechanism can be an existing well-known technology, such as a reduction motor, or the power mechanism includes a ratchet 20, a pawl 21, a mounting plate 23 and a stirring cylinder 24. The ratchet 20 is fixedly installed on the outer side of the upper end of the stirring shaft 18, and a ratchet 22 is fixed on the outer side of the ratchet 20. Mounting plates 23 are rotatably installed on the outer side of the stirring shaft 18 above and below the ratchet 20. A connecting pin 25 is fixedly installed between the first end and the second end of the two mounting plates 23. A stirring cylinder 24 corresponding to the connecting pin 25 is hingedly installed on the upper part of the support frame 5, and the piston rod end of the stirring cylinder 24 is hingedly installed with the corresponding connecting pin 25. A pawl 21 that engages with the ratchet 22 is hingedly installed between each connecting pin 25 and the two mounting plates 23 between the ratchet 20. A reset component is provided between each pawl 21 and the mounting plate 23. When the piston rod of the cylinder 24 is alternately extended and retracted, the ratchet 20 can be rotated in the same direction. The reset component can be a spring known in the art. There are four stirring mechanisms. Two stirring mechanisms are arranged at intervals on the left and right sides of the front of the support frame 5, and two stirring mechanisms are arranged at intervals on the left and right sides of the rear of the support frame 5. The rotation directions of the stirring shafts 18 of all stirring mechanisms are the same. The stirring shaft 18 is perpendicular to the bottom wall of the composting trough 1. The stirring shaft 18 and the stirring blades 19 are located between two adjacent pushing components. A plurality of stirring blades 19 are fixedly installed at intervals on the outside of each stirring shaft 18, and each stirring blade 19 has an angle with the stirring shaft 18. Each layer of stirring blades 19 includes at least one stirring blade, and each stirring blade has an angle with the stirring shaft 18. A fixing hole that passes through from top to bottom is provided in the middle of each stirring blade, and the outer side of the stirring shaft 18 is fixedly installed in the fixing hole.

[0047] Taking the stirring mechanism at the left rear as an example, when the piston rod of the stirring oil cylinder 24 on the right extends and the piston rod of the stirring oil cylinder 24 on the left retracts, the right pawl 21 and the ratchet teeth 22 on the right part of the ratchet 20 engage with each other and drive the ratchet 20 to rotate, and at the same time, the left pawl 21 and the ratchet teeth 22 on the left part of the ratchet 20 engage with each other and drive the ratchet 20 to rotate. In this way, when the piston rod of the stirring oil cylinder 24 on the right extends and the piston rod of the stirring oil cylinder 24 on the left retracts, the pawls 21 on both sides engage with the ratchet teeth 22 of the ratchet 20 at the same time, driving the ratchet 20 to rotate counterclockwise. When the piston rod of the right stirring cylinder 24 is retracted and the piston rod of the left stirring cylinder 24 is extended, the pawls 21 on the left and right sides move along the inclined surface of the ratchet teeth 22, and the pawls 21 and the ratchet teeth 22 are no longer engaged, and the ratchet wheel 20 and the stirring shaft 18 are not driven to rotate. In this cycle, when the piston rods of the two stirring cylinders 24 are alternately extended and retracted, the left rear ratchet wheel 20 and the stirring shaft 18 are driven to rotate intermittently in the counterclockwise direction, and the stirring shaft 18 drives the stirring blades 19 to rotate to stir and tumble the materials in the composting tank 1, so as to make the materials uniform and increase the material pile height.

[0048] Taking the stirring mechanism at the left front as an example, the two stirring cylinders 24 at the left front and the two stirring cylinders 24 at the left rear are symmetrically arranged. When the piston rod of the right stirring cylinder 24 retracts and the piston rod of the left stirring cylinder 24 extends, the right pawl 21 and the ratchet teeth 22 on the right part of the ratchet 20 engage with each other and drive the ratchet 20 to rotate. At the same time, the left pawl 21 and the ratchet teeth 22 on the left part of the ratchet 20 engage with each other and drive the ratchet 20 to rotate. In this way, when the piston rod of the right stirring cylinder 24 retracts and the piston rod of the left stirring cylinder 24 extends, the pawls 21 on both sides engage with the ratchet teeth 22 of the ratchet 20 at the same time, driving the ratchet 20 to rotate in the counterclockwise direction. When the piston rod of the right stirring cylinder 24 is extended and the piston rod of the left stirring cylinder 24 is retracted, the pawls 21 on the left and right sides move along the inclined surface of the ratchet teeth 22, and the pawls 21 and the ratchet teeth 22 are no longer engaged, and will not drive the ratchet 20 and the stirring shaft 18 to rotate. In this cycle, when the piston rods of the two stirring cylinders 24 are alternately extended and retracted, the left rear ratchet 20 and the stirring shaft 18 are driven to rotate intermittently in the counterclockwise direction, and the stirring shaft 18 drives the stirring blades 19 to rotate. There is an angle between each stirring blade 19 and the stirring shaft 18, so that the stirring blades 19 stir and tumble the materials in the compost trough 1 during the stirring process, make the materials uniform, and also increase the material pile height.

[0049] The support frame 5 is provided to facilitate installation of the stirring mechanism and the composting film 31 , and can support the composting film 31 , thereby preventing accidents caused by workers falling and improving safety performance.

[0050] Embodiment 5: As an optimization of the above embodiment, as shown in the attached Figure 1 , 2 As shown in , 4 and 5, the left part of the bottom wall of the compost trough 1 is inclined upward relative to the right part, the pushing rack 2 is arranged parallel to the bottom wall of the compost trough 1, the upper right side wall of the compost trough 1 is provided with a right sliding hole which passes through from left to right, a guide rack 7 is slidably installed in the right sliding hole, the left side of the guide rack 7 is fixedly installed together with the upper right side of the pushing rack 2, the lower left side wall of the compost trough 1 is provided with a left sliding hole which passes through from left to right, a traction rack 8 is slidably installed in the left sliding hole, the right side of the traction rack 8 is fixedly installed together with the lower left side of the pushing rack 2, and the left side of the traction rack 8 is installed together with the driving mechanism.

[0051] A traction frame 8 and a guide frame 7 are installed in the left and right sliding holes, which can support the pushing frame 2, so that a gap is left between the lower side of the pushing frame 2 and the bottom wall of the composting trough 1, which can reduce the resistance of the pushing frame 2 when it moves left and right. At the same time, it can also avoid mutual wear between the pushing frame 2 and the bottom wall of the composting trough 1 when it moves left and right, thereby extending the service life of the pushing frame 2. The setting of the left and right sliding holes also facilitates the installation of the pushing frame 2.

[0052] Embodiment 6: As an optimization of the above embodiment, as shown in the attached Figure 5As shown, the driving mechanism includes a push cylinder 17 whose left end is hingedly installed on the left side of the composting tank 1, and the right end of the piston rod of the push cylinder 17 is hingedly installed on the left part of the traction frame 8.

[0053] According to the demand, the push cylinder 17 is a known technology. An equipment bin is provided on the left side of the composting tank 1. The left end of the push cylinder 17 is hingedly installed in the equipment bin. In this way, the piston rod of the push cylinder 17 can drive the push rack 2 to move back and forth left and right after continuous telescopic movement, thereby pushing the material in the composting tank 1 to the right.

[0054] Embodiment 7: As an optimization of the above embodiment, as shown in the attached Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the aeration system includes an aeration pipe 6 and an air inlet pipe 28. A plurality of mounting holes connected inside and outside are provided at intervals on the left and right sides of the lower front side of the composting tank 1. A mounting groove is provided on the bottom wall of the composting tank 1 corresponding to the position of each mounting hole. The rear part of the mounting groove is inclined to the left relative to the front part. An aeration pipe 6 is installed in each mounting groove. A plurality of air outlet holes connected inside and outside are provided at intervals on the outer side of each aeration pipe 6. An air inlet pipe 28 is provided in front of the composting tank 1. The front end of each aeration pipe 6 passes through the corresponding mounting hole and is fixedly connected to the air inlet pipe 28. A liquid accumulation tank 29 is fixedly installed on the front side of the lower part of the composting tank 1. The upper side of the liquid accumulation tank 29 is located below the mounting hole.

[0055] According to demand, a control valve is installed on the air inlet pipe 28, and the inlet end of the air inlet pipe 28 is fixedly connected to the outlet end of the existing well-known air supply system. The air supply system can be a fan, so that the air supply system introduces air into the aeration pipe 6 through the air inlet pipe 28 to provide oxygen for the fermentation of materials in the compost tank 1. When the material temperature is high, the material fermentation temperature can be reduced by increasing the air supply to avoid the phenomenon of excessive consumption of N elements due to excessive fermentation temperature of the material; when the material temperature is low, the material fermentation temperature can be increased by reducing the air supply; after the fermentation cycle, the material is pushed to the discharging mechanism to transport the material to the ground, and the right end of the liquid accumulation tank 29 is connected to the compost filtrate collection equipment, so that the compost leachate can be centrally treated to reduce pollution to the environment.

[0056] Embodiment 8: As an optimization of the above embodiment, as shown in the attached Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the discharging mechanism includes a clinker tank 3, a first screw conveyor 26 and a second screw conveyor 27. A clinker tank 3 is provided on the right side of the composting tank 1. A connecting hole 4 which is interconnected with the right side of the lower part of the composting tank 1 is provided on the left side of the lower part of the clinker tank 3. A discharging trough is provided on the bottom wall of the clinker tank 3. A discharging hole which passes through front and back is provided on the front side of the clinker tank 3 corresponding to the position of the discharging trough. The rear part of the first screw conveyor 26 passes through the discharging hole and is installed in the discharging trough. A second screw conveyor 27 which conveys in the lower right direction and the upper left direction is provided below the front end discharging port of the first screw conveyor 26.

[0057] According to the demand, the clinker tank 3 can be formed by pouring concrete on site, and the volume of the clinker tank 3 can be made larger. After the materials in the composting tank 1 are pushed into the clinker tank 3, the first screw conveyor 26 conveys the materials in the clinker tank 3 from the back to the front, and conveys them to the feed port at the lower right of the second screw conveyor 27 through the front end discharge port of the first screw conveyor 26. The second screw conveyor 27 conveys the materials at the lower right to the upper left. During installation, the composting tank 1 is installed in a pit, so that the second screw conveyor 27 can convey the materials under the ground to the upper ground, which is convenient for the transportation and transfer of materials.

[0058] The automatically operated membrane composting device of the present application has the following advantages: automatic feeding and advancement of materials, and discharging of materials after decomposition; overall advancement of materials to ensure composting cycle and composting time; stirring during advancement to ensure uniform composting of materials; automatic air supply, adjustable temperature, and controllable humidity; when the air supply is small, the composting membrane 31 is used to remove the gas, and the deodorization system is not enabled; when the air supply is large, the excess gas overflows through the pipeline into the deodorization system of the kitchen waste pretreatment workshop, and is discharged through the chimney after deodorization, which is more economical and efficient; the present application has good composting effect, is easy to operate, easy to maintain, and has low operating cost, and solves the problem of adding small batches of materials in batches and the problem of turning and mixing materials. Compared with the fermentation bin, the composting tank 1 in the present application can be formed on site by pouring concrete, and other components are transported to the site for assembly, and the volume of the composting tank 1 can be manufactured to be larger.

[0059] The above technical features constitute the embodiments of the present invention, which have strong adaptability and implementation effect. Non-essential technical features can be added or reduced according to actual needs to meet the requirements of different situations.

Claims

1. An automatically operated membrane composting device, characterized in that The invention comprises a composting trough, a pushing rack, a stirring mechanism, a discharging mechanism, an aeration system and a composting film. A feeding mechanism is arranged on the left side of the composting trough, a pushing rack is arranged in the composting trough, a plurality of front-to-rear bottom cross frames are arranged at intervals on the left and right sides of the inner lower part of the pushing rack, a plurality of up-and-down side upright frames are arranged at intervals on the left and right sides of the front and rear parts of the pushing rack, a plurality of groups of middle connecting cross beams are fixedly installed at intervals on the left and right sides of the middle part of the pushing rack, the plurality of groups of middle connecting cross beams are arranged at intervals of at least one layer from top to bottom, the cross sections of the bottom cross frame, the side upright frames and the middle connecting cross beams are all in the shape of a triangle which gradually widens from left to right, a driving mechanism which can make the pushing rack reciprocate left and right is arranged on the left side of the composting trough, at least one stirring mechanism is arranged at intervals in the composting trough, a discharging mechanism is arranged on the right side of the composting trough, the aeration system is arranged below the pushing rack, and the composting film is laid on the upper side of the composting trough.

2. The automatic membrane composting device according to claim 1 is characterized in that A plurality of pushing assemblies are arranged at intervals on the left and right sides of the pushing rack, and the pushing assemblies include at least one pushing plate mechanism arranged at intervals on the upper and lower sides, and the pushing plate mechanism includes a hinge shaft and a pushing plate. A front-to-rear hinge shaft is rotatably installed in the pushing rack, and a pushing plate is fixedly installed on the outer side of the right part of the hinge shaft. The pushing plate pushes the material when the pushing rack moves to the right, and the lower part of the pushing plate swings to the upper right when the pushing rack moves to the left.

3. The automatic membrane composting device according to claim 2 is characterized in that The push plate mechanism also includes a swing rod and a limit plate. The hinge shaft is rotatably installed on the right side of the middle connecting beam. A swing rod is arranged parallel to the lower right side of the hinge shaft. The push plate is fixedly installed between the right part of the hinge shaft and the left part of the swing rod. The limit plate is fixedly installed on the lower side of the middle connecting beam. The right side of the limit plate is in contact with the left side of the push plate. A limit groove matching the swing rod is provided on the lower right side of the limit plate.

4. The automatic membrane composting device according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that The stirring mechanism includes a stirring shaft, stirring blades and a power mechanism. A support frame is provided on the top of the composting trough. Several stirring shafts are rotatably installed on the support frame. Several stirring blades are fixedly installed at upper and lower intervals on the outside of each stirring shaft. There is an angle between each stirring blade and the stirring shaft. A power mechanism that can drive the stirring shaft to rotate is installed on the upper side of the support frame.

5. The automatic membrane composting device according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that The left part of the bottom wall of the compost trough is upwardly inclined relative to the right part, the pushing rack is arranged parallel to the bottom wall of the compost trough, a right sliding hole penetrating left and right is arranged on the upper right side wall of the compost trough, a guide rack is slidably installed in the right sliding hole, the left side of the guide rack is fixedly installed together with the upper right side of the pushing rack, a left sliding hole penetrating left and right is arranged on the lower left side wall of the compost trough, a traction rack is slidably installed in the left sliding hole, the right side of the traction rack is fixedly installed together with the lower left side of the pushing rack, and the left side of the traction rack is installed together with the driving mechanism.

6. The automatic membrane composting device according to claim 4, characterized in that The left part of the bottom wall of the compost trough is upwardly inclined relative to the right part, the pushing rack is arranged parallel to the bottom wall of the compost trough, a right sliding hole penetrating left and right is arranged on the upper right side wall of the compost trough, a guide rack is slidably installed in the right sliding hole, the left side of the guide rack is fixedly installed together with the upper right side of the pushing rack, a left sliding hole penetrating left and right is arranged on the lower left side wall of the compost trough, a traction rack is slidably installed in the left sliding hole, the right side of the traction rack is fixedly installed together with the lower left side of the pushing rack, and the left side of the traction rack is installed together with the driving mechanism.

7. The automatic membrane composting device according to claim 5, characterized in that The driving mechanism comprises a pushing cylinder whose left end is hingedly installed on the left side of the composting tank, and the right end of the piston rod of the pushing cylinder is hingedly installed on the left part of the traction frame.

8. The automatic membrane composting device according to claim 6, characterized in that The driving mechanism comprises a pushing cylinder whose left end is hingedly installed on the left side of the composting tank, and the right end of the piston rod of the pushing cylinder is hingedly installed on the left part of the traction frame.

9. The automatic membrane composting device according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 6 or 7 or 8, characterized in that The aeration system includes an aeration pipe and an air inlet pipe. A plurality of mounting holes connected inside and outside are arranged at intervals on the left and right sides of the front lower part of the composting tank. A mounting slot is arranged on the bottom wall of the composting tank corresponding to the position of each mounting hole. The rear part of the mounting slot is inclined to the left relative to the front part. An aeration pipe is installed in each mounting slot. A plurality of air outlet holes connected inside and outside are arranged at intervals on the outer side of each aeration pipe. An air inlet pipe is arranged in front of the composting tank. The front end of each aeration pipe passes through the corresponding mounting hole and is fixedly connected with the air inlet pipe. A liquid accumulation tank is fixedly installed on the front lower part of the composting tank. The upper side of the liquid accumulation tank is located below the mounting hole. Or / and, the discharging mechanism includes a clinker tank, a first screw conveyor and a second screw conveyor. A clinker tank is provided on the right side of the composting trough, a connecting hole which is interconnected with the right side of the lower part of the composting trough is provided on the left side of the lower part of the clinker tank, a discharging trough is provided on the bottom wall of the clinker tank, a discharging hole which passes through front and back is provided on the front side of the clinker tank corresponding to the position of the discharging trough, the rear part of the first screw conveyor passes through the discharging hole and is installed in the discharging trough, and a second screw conveyor which conveys in the lower right direction and the upper left direction is provided below the front end discharging port of the first screw conveyor.

10. The automatic membrane composting device according to claim 4, characterized in that The aeration system includes an aeration pipe and an air inlet pipe. A plurality of mounting holes connected inside and outside are arranged at intervals on the left and right sides of the front lower part of the composting tank. A mounting slot is arranged on the bottom wall of the composting tank corresponding to the position of each mounting hole. The rear part of the mounting slot is inclined to the left relative to the front part. An aeration pipe is installed in each mounting slot. A plurality of air outlet holes connected inside and outside are arranged at intervals on the outer side of each aeration pipe. An air inlet pipe is arranged in front of the composting tank. The front end of each aeration pipe passes through the corresponding mounting hole and is fixedly connected with the air inlet pipe. A liquid accumulation tank is fixedly installed on the front lower part of the composting tank. The upper side of the liquid accumulation tank is located below the mounting hole. Or / and, the discharging mechanism includes a clinker tank, a first screw conveyor and a second screw conveyor. A clinker tank is provided on the right side of the composting trough, a connecting hole which is interconnected with the right side of the lower part of the composting trough is provided on the left side of the lower part of the clinker tank, a discharging trough is provided on the bottom wall of the clinker tank, a discharging hole which passes through front and back is provided on the front side of the clinker tank corresponding to the position of the discharging trough, the rear part of the first screw conveyor passes through the discharging hole and is installed in the discharging trough, and a second screw conveyor which conveys in the lower right direction and the upper left direction is provided below the front end discharging port of the first screw conveyor.

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