A three-axis vector superconducting coil winding device for physical property measurement under extreme conditions

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of superconducting coil winding devices, and discloses a three-axis vector superconducting coil winding device for measuring physical properties under extreme conditions, comprising an integral coil frame, wherein a through-type cold hole is arranged at the center of at least one direction of the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis directions of the integral coil frame, and coil component mounting grooves are symmetrically arranged at the connection between the surface of the integral coil frame and the two ends of the through-type cold hole, and a superconducting coil component is arranged inside the coil component mounting groove; the superconducting coil component comprises a superconducting coil arranged at the center of the coil component mounting groove, and a superconducting coil copper sheath is arranged on the surface of the superconducting coil. The magnetic field vector of any direction and required size in three-dimensional space is realized by superposition of three-axis orthogonal axial magnetic field vectors, and an experimental method in which the sample is not moved and the magnetic field angle rotates is realized, and the complex mechanical sample transmission mechanism is removed, and the heat load of the sample is effectively reduced, so that the sample can reach a lower experimental temperature.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of superconducting coil winding devices, in particular to a three-axis vector superconducting coil winding device for measuring physical properties under extreme conditions. Background Art

[0002] Condensed matter physics is the foundation of materials, energy and information disciplines, and it is closely intertwined and integrated with multiple disciplines. It is the main development field of quantum science and technology that is booming. Exploring the material angle-dependent magnetic transport properties and magneto-optical effects has always been an important frontier research direction in condensed matter physics. The sample environment required by this type of research usually covers an extremely wide temperature range, as low as milliKelvin, and also requires a strong background magnetic field and other extreme conditions. Based on the continuous development of superconducting technology and refrigeration technology, it is now possible to obtain a strong background magnetic field through superconducting coils and obtain milliKelvin sample temperatures through dilution refrigeration technology. How to effectively combine the two for material angle-dependent magnetic transport properties and magneto-optical effects in condensed matter physics is a key issue that needs to be solved at present.

[0003] At present, the superconducting magnetic field used in the study of angle-dependent magnetic transport properties is mostly a uniaxial magnetic field, which requires a complex mechanical transmission mechanism to rotate the sample to achieve the angle change between the sample and the background magnetic field. As the sample temperature decreases, the cooling capacity that the refrigeration system can provide to the sample will become less and less. The complex mechanical transmission mechanism will inevitably increase the heat load of the sample, severely limiting the lowest temperature that the sample can reach. In the study of magneto-optical effects, rotating the sample will also cause changes in the optical path, which directly affects the research results. In addition, the uniaxial superconducting magnetic field can only provide an optical channel parallel to the direction of the magnetic field, which severely limits its research scope.

[0004] Superconducting magnets operate in a multi-field coupling environment of force, electricity, magnetism and heat. Stability under mechanical and thermal disturbances has always been a key issue that needs to be addressed in the field of superconducting magnet engineering. Since the three-axis vector superconducting magnetic field generates magnetic fields on three axes, huge electromagnetic forces will be generated between the coils, causing the coils to undergo rigid body displacement. Since the heat capacity of superconducting materials is extremely small below their critical temperature, the heat generated by slight friction of conductor movement will destroy its stability and induce quenching. The stability problem of three-axis vector superconducting magnets is the main problem limiting their practical applications. Summary of the invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a three-axis vector superconducting coil winding device for measuring physical properties under extreme conditions, so as to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] A three-axis vector superconducting coil winding device for measuring physical properties under extreme conditions, comprising an integral coil frame, a through-type cold hole is arranged at the center of at least one of the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis directions of the integral coil frame, and coil component mounting grooves are symmetrically arranged at the connection between the surface of the integral coil frame and the two ends of the through-type cold hole, and a superconducting coil component is arranged inside the coil component mounting groove;

[0008] The superconducting coil component comprises a superconducting coil arranged at the center of a coil component installation groove, and a superconducting coil copper sheath is arranged on the surface of the superconducting coil.

[0009] Further preferably, when a through-type cold hole is provided at the center of one of the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis directions of the integral coil frame, the superconducting coils provided at both ends of the through-type cold hole are of a Helmholtz structure or a solenoid structure, and the superconducting coils provided on the surface of the integral coil frame in the other two directions are of a Helmholtz structure;

[0010] When through-type cold holes are arranged at the center of the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis directions of the integral coil frame, the superconducting coils respectively arranged at both ends of the through-type cold holes are of Helmholtz structure.

[0011] Further preferably, the through-type cold holes include Z-axis through-type cold holes, X-axis through-type cold holes and Y-axis through-type cold holes, the axes of the Z-axis through-type cold holes, the X-axis through-type cold holes and the Y-axis through-type cold holes are orthogonal to each other, and the intersection points of the axes of the Z-axis through-type cold holes, the X-axis through-type cold holes and the Y-axis through-type cold holes coincide.

[0012] Further preferably, coil component mounting grooves are respectively provided at both ends of the Z-axis through-type cold hole, the X-axis through-type cold hole and the Y-axis through-type cold hole, and the coil component mounting grooves include a Z-axis coil component mounting groove, an X-axis coil component mounting groove and a Y-axis coil component mounting groove correspondingly arranged at both ends of the Z-axis through-type cold hole, the X-axis through-type cold hole and the Y-axis through-type cold hole.

[0013] Further preferably, superconducting coil components are respectively arranged inside the Z-axis coil component mounting groove, the X-axis coil component mounting groove and the Y-axis coil component mounting groove, and the superconducting coil components include a Z-axis coil component, an X-axis coil component and a Y-axis coil component which are correspondingly arranged at the center of the Z-axis coil component mounting groove, the X-axis coil component mounting groove and the Y-axis coil component mounting groove.

[0014] Further preferably, the Z-axis coil component, X-axis coil component and Y-axis coil component include Z-axis superconducting coils, X-axis superconducting coils and Y-axis superconducting coils arranged at the centers of the Z-axis coil component mounting groove, the X-axis coil component mounting groove and the Y-axis coil component mounting groove, and the surfaces of the Z-axis superconducting coils, the X-axis superconducting coils and the Y-axis superconducting coils are respectively provided with Z-axis superconducting coil copper sheaths, X-axis superconducting coil copper sheaths and Y-axis superconducting coil copper sheaths, and the Z-axis coil component, the X-axis coil component and the Y-axis coil component are respectively fixedly connected to the Z-axis coil component mounting groove, the X-axis coil component mounting groove and the Y-axis coil component mounting groove by interference fit.

[0015] Further preferably, the geometric centers of the Z-axis coil component, the X-axis coil component and the Y-axis coil component coincide, the magnetic field centers coincide, the geometric centers coincide with the magnetic field centers, and the geometric centers, the magnetic field centers and the intersection points of the axes of the Z-axis through-type cold hole, the X-axis through-type cold hole and the Y-axis through-type cold hole coincide.

[0016] Further preferably, the diameters of the Z-axis through-type cold hole, the X-axis through-type cold hole and the Y-axis through-type cold hole are less than or equal to the inner diameters of the Z-axis superconducting coil, the X-axis superconducting coil and the Y-axis superconducting coil.

[0017] Further preferably, the superconducting coil is made of low-temperature superconducting material or high-temperature superconducting material.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] The magnetic field vector of any direction and required size in three-dimensional space is realized by superposition of three-axis orthogonal axial magnetic field vectors, and the experimental method of rotating the magnetic field angle while keeping the sample still is realized, which eliminates the complex mechanical sample transmission mechanism, effectively reduces the thermal load of the sample, and enables the sample to reach a lower experimental temperature. At the same time, it solves the problem of optical path change caused by sample rotation in magneto-optical research.

[0020] The superconducting coils of the three axes that generate the magnetic field are all Helmholtz structures or structures that combine Helmholtz structures with solenoid structures. The parameters of the two superconducting coils on each axis are exactly the same and they are energized in series. The superconducting coils of the Helmholtz structure and the solenoid structure can generate a single-axis magnetic field with extremely high uniformity. After superimposing to form a vector field, they can provide a background magnetic field with extremely high uniformity for the sample area, greatly improving the accuracy of the results. At the same time, the superconducting coils of the Helmholtz structure and the solenoid structure can structurally realize an open experimental channel between the two coils. It is used for sample installation and optical access, and for the study of refraction, diffraction and scattering, further broadening its scope of application.

[0021] The Z-axis coil component, X-axis coil component and Y-axis coil component are fixedly connected to the Z-axis coil component mounting groove, X-axis coil component mounting groove and Y-axis coil component mounting groove respectively by interference fit. The mechanical connection between the superconducting coils is effectively removed, and it has the advantages of compact structure, small size, small cold mass, etc. It can be used for refrigeration systems with small structures or requirements for cooling time, such as the dilution refrigeration system widely used in quantum research, which greatly broadens its application range.

[0022] The integral coil frame is made of an alloy material with a high linear expansion coefficient, high thermal conductivity, and high strength. Its three pairs of coil component mounting grooves are used to install three sets of superconducting coil components. First, the integral coil frame is made of an alloy material with a high thermal conductivity, and can perform dry cooling of the superconducting coil components by heat conduction; secondly, the integral coil frame has a high linear expansion coefficient and can be used in the hot mounting process of the superconducting coil components to achieve an interference fit between the coil component mounting groove and the superconducting coil components, which can not only achieve non-mechanical connection and fixation with the superconducting coil components, reducing the size and weight of the overall structure, but also It provides annular preload for the superconducting coil components, improves their stress-strain state during operation, and greatly enhances their mechanical stability. Secondly, the integrated coil frame can convert the huge electromagnetic interaction force between the three groups of superconducting coil components into the internal force of the overall frame, so that it can achieve self-balance. Since the integrated coil frame has high mechanical strength, it effectively limits the rigid body displacement of the superconducting coil during operation, avoids the coil quenching caused by mechanical disturbance of the superconducting coil, and further increases its mechanical stability. Finally, the through-type cold hole on it can be used for sample installation or as an optical path channel. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the coil frame structure of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the superconducting coil of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the vector magnetic field of the present invention;

[0027] In the figure: 100, integrated coil frame; 110, Z-axis coil component mounting groove; 120, Z-axis through-type cold hole; 130, X-axis coil component mounting groove; 140, X-axis through-type cold hole; 150, Y-axis coil component mounting groove; 160, Y-axis through-type cold hole; 200, Z-axis coil component; 210, Z-axis superconducting coil; 220, Z-axis superconducting coil copper sheath; 300, X-axis coil component; 310, X-axis superconducting coil; 320, X-axis superconducting coil copper sheath; 400, Y-axis coil component; 410, Y-axis superconducting coil; 420, Y-axis superconducting coil copper sheath. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] See also Figure 1-4 , the present invention provides a technical solution:

[0030] A three-axis vector superconducting coil winding device for measuring physical properties under extreme conditions, comprising an integral coil frame 100, wherein a through-type cold hole is arranged at the center of at least one of the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis directions of the integral coil frame 100, and coil component mounting grooves are symmetrically arranged at the connection between the surface of the integral coil frame 100 and the two ends of the through-type cold hole, and a superconducting coil component is arranged inside the coil component mounting groove;

[0031] The superconducting coil component comprises a superconducting coil arranged at the center of the coil component installation groove, and a superconducting coil copper sheath is arranged on the surface of the superconducting coil.

[0032] In the present invention, when a through-type cold hole is provided at the center of one of the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis directions of the integral coil frame 100, the superconducting coils provided at both ends of the through-type cold hole are of a Helmholtz structure or a solenoid structure, and the superconducting coils provided on the surface of the integral coil frame 100 in the other two directions are of a Helmholtz structure;

[0033] When through-type cold holes are arranged at the center of the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis directions of the integral coil frame 100, the superconducting coils arranged at both ends of the through-type cold holes are of Helmholtz structure.

[0034] In the present invention, the through-type cold holes include a Z-axis through-type cold hole 120, an X-axis through-type cold hole 140 and a Y-axis through-type cold hole 160, the axes of the Z-axis through-type cold hole 120, the X-axis through-type cold hole 140 and the Y-axis through-type cold hole 160 are orthogonal to each other, and the intersection points of the axes of the Z-axis through-type cold hole 120, the X-axis through-type cold hole 140 and the Y-axis through-type cold hole 160 coincide.

[0035] In the present invention, coil component mounting grooves are respectively provided at both ends of the Z-axis through-type cold hole 120, the X-axis through-type cold hole 140 and the Y-axis through-type cold hole 160, and the coil component mounting grooves include a Z-axis coil component mounting groove 110, an X-axis coil component mounting groove 130 and a Y-axis coil component mounting groove 150 which are correspondingly provided at both ends of the Z-axis through-type cold hole 120, the X-axis through-type cold hole 140 and the Y-axis through-type cold hole 160.

[0036] In the present invention, superconducting coil components are respectively arranged inside the Z-axis coil component mounting groove 110, the X-axis coil component mounting groove 130 and the Y-axis coil component mounting groove 150, and the superconducting coil components include a Z-axis coil component 200, an X-axis coil component 300 and a Y-axis coil component 400 which are correspondingly arranged at the center of the Z-axis coil component mounting groove 110, the X-axis coil component mounting groove 130 and the Y-axis coil component mounting groove 150.

[0037] In the present invention, the Z-axis coil component 200, the X-axis coil component 300 and the Y-axis coil component 400 include a Z-axis superconducting coil 210, an X-axis superconducting coil 310 and a Y-axis superconducting coil 410 which are arranged at the center of the Z-axis coil component mounting groove 110, the X-axis coil component mounting groove 130 and the Y-axis coil component mounting groove 150, and the surfaces of the Z-axis superconducting coil 210, the X-axis superconducting coil 310 and the Y-axis superconducting coil 410 are respectively provided with a Z-axis superconducting coil copper sheath 220, an X-axis superconducting coil copper sheath 320 and a Y-axis superconducting coil copper sheath 420, and the Z-axis coil component 200, the X-axis coil component 300 and the Y-axis coil component 400 are respectively connected with the Z-axis coil component mounting groove 110, the X-axis coil component mounting groove 130 and the Y-axis coil component mounting groove 150 by interference fit. The Z-axis superconducting coil 210, the X-axis superconducting coil 310 and the Y-axis superconducting coil 410 are fixedly connected in a fixed manner, and the interference is determined according to the design and operation parameters of the Z-axis superconducting coil 210, the X-axis superconducting coil 310 and the Y-axis superconducting coil 410. The linear expansion coefficient of the integral coil frame 100 is required to be greater than the linear expansion coefficient of the Z-axis superconducting coil 210, the X-axis superconducting coil 310 and the Y-axis superconducting coil 410. Under low temperature conditions, the integral coil frame 100 can apply an annular pre-tightening force to the Z-axis superconducting coil 210, the X-axis superconducting coil 310 and the Y-axis superconducting coil 410, so as to balance the annular electromagnetic force generated by the Z-axis superconducting coil 210, the X-axis superconducting coil 310 and the Y-axis superconducting coil 410 during operation, improve the stress-strain state inside the Z-axis superconducting coil 210, the X-axis superconducting coil 310 and the Y-axis superconducting coil 410, and greatly enhance its mechanical stability. The Z-axis superconducting coil copper sheath 220, the X-axis superconducting coil copper sheath 320 and the Y-axis superconducting coil copper sheath 420 are all made of high-purity oxygen-free copper, and the RRR value of the oxygen-free copper is required to be greater than 100. The Z-axis superconducting coil copper sheath 220, the X-axis superconducting coil copper sheath 320 and the Y-axis superconducting coil copper sheath 420 are installed after the Z-axis superconducting coil 210, the X-axis superconducting coil 310 and the Y-axis superconducting coil 410 are wound. After the installation, the entire Z-axis coil component 200, the X-axis coil component 300 and the Y-axis coil component 400 are vacuum pressure impregnated as a whole, so that the Z-axis superconducting coil copper sheath 220, the X-axis superconducting coil copper sheath 320 and the Y-axis superconducting coil copper sheath 420 are well fixed on the surface of the Z-axis superconducting coil 210, the X-axis superconducting coil 310 and the Y-axis superconducting coil 410. The Z-axis coil component 200, the X-axis coil component 300 and the Y-axis coil component 400 are machined and shaped, and then mounted on the integrated coil frame 100. The Z-axis superconducting coil copper sheath 220, the X-axis superconducting coil copper sheath 320 and the Y-axis superconducting coil copper sheath 420 are mainly used to improve the thermal stability of the Z-axis superconducting coil 210, the X-axis superconducting coil 310 and the Y-axis superconducting coil 410 therein.

[0038] In the present invention, the geometric centers of the Z-axis coil component 200, the X-axis coil component 300 and the Y-axis coil component 400 coincide with each other, the magnetic field centers coincide with each other, the geometric centers coincide with the magnetic field centers, and the geometric centers, the magnetic field centers and the intersection points of the axes of the Z-axis through-type cold hole 120, the X-axis through-type cold hole 140 and the Y-axis through-type cold hole 160 coincide with each other.

[0039] In the present invention, the diameters of the Z-axis through-type cold hole 120 , the X-axis through-type cold hole 140 , and the Y-axis through-type cold hole 160 are less than or equal to the inner diameters of the Z-axis superconducting coil 210 , the X-axis superconducting coil 310 , and the Y-axis superconducting coil 410 .

[0040] In the present invention, the superconducting coil is made of low-temperature superconducting material or high-temperature superconducting material.

[0041] Example 1: Figure 1-4 As shown, through-type cold holes are arranged in the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis directions of the integral coil frame 100, and superconducting coil components are respectively installed in the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis directions of the integral coil frame 100, and the superconducting coils in the superconducting coil components are all Helmholtz structures. The integral coil frame 100 is integrally processed from an alloy material with a high linear expansion coefficient, a high thermal conductivity and a high strength, such as 7075 aluminum alloy, and its three pairs of coil component mounting grooves are used to install three groups of superconducting coil components. Firstly, the integral coil frame 100 is made of an alloy material with a high thermal conductivity, and can perform dry cooling on the superconducting coil components by heat conduction; secondly, the integral coil frame 100 has a high linear expansion coefficient, which can be used in the hot mounting process of the superconducting coil components, so as to realize the connection between the coil component mounting groove and the superconducting coil components. The interference fit between the coil components can not only realize the non-mechanical connection and fixation with the superconducting coil components, reduce the size and weight of the overall structure, but also provide annular pre-tightening force for the superconducting coil components, improve their stress-strain state during operation, and greatly enhance their mechanical stability; thirdly, the integrated coil frame 100 can convert the huge electromagnetic interaction force between the three groups of superconducting coil components into the internal force of the overall frame, so that it can achieve self-balance. Since the integrated coil frame 100 has high mechanical strength, it effectively limits the rigid body displacement generated by the superconducting coil during operation, avoids the coil quenching caused by mechanical disturbance of the superconducting coil, and further increases its mechanical stability; finally, the through-type cold hole thereon can be used for sample installation or as an optical path channel.

[0042] The assembled device is immersed in a cooling medium for wet cooling, or the cold chain of the dry refrigeration system is connected to the overall frame for dry cooling. When the temperature of the entire device is lower than the critical temperature of the superconducting coil, the three groups of superconducting coil components can be energized and excited respectively. The two Z-axis superconducting coils 210 of the Z-axis coil component 200 are energized in series to generate a Z-axis magnetic field Bz; the two X-axis superconducting coils 310 of the X-axis coil component 300 are energized in series to generate an X-axis magnetic field Bx; the two Y-axis superconducting coils 410 of the Y-axis coil component 400 are energized in series to generate a Y-axis magnetic field By; by changing the current size and direction of the Z-axis coil component 200, the X-axis coil component 300 and the Y-axis coil component 400, the magnetic field vector Bv of any direction and required size in three-dimensional space can be realized.

[0043] Embodiment 2: Compared with Embodiment 1, the present embodiment differs in that the superconducting coils installed at both ends of the through-type cold hole in one direction are solenoid structures, and the superconducting coils arranged on the surface of the integral coil frame 100 in the other two directions are Helmholtz structures.

[0044] It is obvious to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the present invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-limiting from any point of view, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description, and it is intended that all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims are included in the present invention, and any reference numerals in the claims should not be regarded as limiting the claims involved.

[0045] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A three-axis vector superconducting coil winding device for measuring physical properties under extreme conditions, characterized in that: It comprises an integral coil frame (100), wherein a through-type cold hole is arranged at the center of at least one of the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis directions of the integral coil frame (100), and coil component mounting grooves are symmetrically arranged at the connection between the surface of the integral coil frame (100) and the two ends of the through-type cold hole, and a superconducting coil component is arranged inside the coil component mounting groove; The superconducting coil component comprises a superconducting coil arranged at the center of the coil component installation groove, and a superconducting coil copper sheath is arranged on the surface of the superconducting coil; When a through-type cold hole is provided at the center of one of the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis directions of the integral coil frame (100), the superconducting coils provided at both ends of the through-type cold hole are of a Helmholtz structure or a solenoid structure, and the superconducting coils provided on the surface of the integral coil frame (100) in the other two directions are of a Helmholtz structure; When through-type cold holes are arranged at the center of the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis directions of the integral coil frame (100), the superconducting coils respectively arranged at both ends of the through-type cold holes are of Helmholtz structure; The through-type cold holes include a Z-axis through-type cold hole (120), an X-axis through-type cold hole (140) and a Y-axis through-type cold hole (160), wherein the axes of the Z-axis through-type cold hole (120), the X-axis through-type cold hole (140) and the Y-axis through-type cold hole (160) are orthogonal to each other, and the intersection points of the axes of the Z-axis through-type cold hole (120), the X-axis through-type cold hole (140) and the Y-axis through-type cold hole (160) coincide with each other.

2. The three-axis vector superconducting coil winding device for measuring physical properties under extreme conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: Coil component mounting grooves are respectively provided at both ends of the Z-axis through-type cold hole (120), the X-axis through-type cold hole (140) and the Y-axis through-type cold hole (160), and the coil component mounting grooves include a Z-axis coil component mounting groove (110), an X-axis coil component mounting groove (130) and a Y-axis coil component mounting groove (150) which are correspondingly provided at both ends of the Z-axis through-type cold hole (120), the X-axis through-type cold hole (140) and the Y-axis through-type cold hole (160).

3. The three-axis vector superconducting coil winding device for measuring physical properties under extreme conditions according to claim 2, characterized in that: Superconducting coil components are respectively arranged inside the Z-axis coil component installation groove (110), the X-axis coil component installation groove (130) and the Y-axis coil component installation groove (150), and the superconducting coil components include a Z-axis coil component (200), an X-axis coil component (300) and a Y-axis coil component (400) which are correspondingly arranged at the centers of the Z-axis coil component installation groove (110), the X-axis coil component installation groove (130) and the Y-axis coil component installation groove (150).

4. The three-axis vector superconducting coil winding device for measuring physical properties under extreme conditions according to claim 3, characterized in that: The Z-axis coil component (200), the X-axis coil component (300) and the Y-axis coil component (400) include a Z-axis superconducting coil (210), an X-axis superconducting coil (310) and a Y-axis superconducting coil (410) which are arranged at the center of the Z-axis coil component mounting groove (110), the X-axis coil component mounting groove (130) and the Y-axis coil component mounting groove (150), and the Z-axis superconducting coil (210), the X-axis superconducting coil (310) and the Y-axis superconducting coil (410) The surface of the coil (410) is respectively provided with a Z-axis superconducting coil copper sheath (220), an X-axis superconducting coil copper sheath (320), and a Y-axis superconducting coil copper sheath (420); the Z-axis coil component (200), the X-axis coil component (300), and the Y-axis coil component (400) are respectively fixedly connected to the Z-axis coil component mounting groove (110), the X-axis coil component mounting groove (130), and the Y-axis coil component mounting groove (150) by means of interference fit.

5. The three-axis vector superconducting coil winding device for measuring physical properties under extreme conditions according to claim 3, characterized in that: The geometric centers of the Z-axis coil component (200), the X-axis coil component (300) and the Y-axis coil component (400) coincide with each other, the magnetic field centers coincide with each other, the geometric centers coincide with the magnetic field centers, and the geometric centers, the magnetic field centers and the intersection points of the axes of the Z-axis through-type cold hole (120), the X-axis through-type cold hole (140) and the Y-axis through-type cold hole (160) coincide with each other.

6. The three-axis vector superconducting coil winding device for measuring physical properties under extreme conditions according to claim 4, characterized in that: The diameters of the Z-axis through-type cold hole (120), the X-axis through-type cold hole (140), and the Y-axis through-type cold hole (160) are smaller than or equal to the inner diameters of the Z-axis superconducting coil (210), the X-axis superconducting coil (310), and the Y-axis superconducting coil (410).

7. The three-axis vector superconducting coil winding device for measuring physical properties under extreme conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The superconducting coil is made of low-temperature superconducting material or high-temperature superconducting material.

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