Control Circuit of Energy Storage Device and Energy Storage Device

Abstract

The present invention provides a control circuit and an energy storage device for an energy storage device, relating to the field of circuit technologies. The control circuit of the energy storage device includes: a switching transistor, connecting the negative output terminal and the negative electrode of the battery cell through the switching transistor; an analog front-end chip; a microcontroller unit; an AND gate, with the first input terminal of the AND gate connected to the analog front-end chip and the second input terminal of the AND gate connected to the microcontroller unit; a flip-flop, with the input terminal of the flip-flop connected to the output terminal of the AND gate; a driving circuit, with the input terminal of the driving circuit connected to the output terminal of the flip-flop and the output terminal of the driving circuit connected to the control terminal of the switching transistor; wherein, any one of the analog front-end chip and the microcontroller unit is used to determine an abnormality detection result according to the first comparison result and / or the second comparison result. The analog front-end chip and the microcontroller unit can respectively perform fault detection. If one chip is damaged, the other chip can be used for fault detection, improving the reliability while reducing the risks of overcharging and over-discharging of the battery cell.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of circuits, and more particularly, to a control circuit for an energy storage device and an energy storage device. Background Art

[0002] In an energy storage device, a switching transistor is usually used to control charging and discharging.

[0003] In the case of a failure of the switching transistor or a failure of the drive circuit for driving the switching transistor to conduct and cut off, the energy storage device cannot sense the above failure and still continues to charge and discharge, resulting in a risk of overcharging and over-discharging of the energy storage device.

[0004] Due to the existence of the above risks, the reliability of the energy storage device is affected. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention aims to at least solve the technical problem in the prior art or related art that in the case of a failure of the switching transistor or a failure of the drive circuit for driving the switching transistor to conduct and cut off, there is a risk of overcharging and over-discharging of the energy storage device.

[0006] To this end, in a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a control circuit for an energy storage device.

[0007] In a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided an energy storage device.

[0008] In view of this, according to the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a control circuit for an energy storage device. The energy storage device includes a battery cell, a positive output terminal, and a negative output terminal. The positive output terminal is connected to the positive electrode of the battery cell. The positive output terminal and the negative output terminal are used to output a supply voltage. The control circuit of the energy storage device includes: a switching transistor connected to the negative output terminal and the negative electrode of the battery cell through the switching transistor; an analog front-end chip; a microcontroller unit; an AND gate, the first input terminal of the AND gate is connected to the analog front-end chip, and the second input terminal of the AND gate is connected to the microcontroller unit; a flip-flop, the input terminal of the flip-flop is connected to the output terminal of the AND gate; a drive circuit, the input terminal of the drive circuit is connected to the output terminal of the flip-flop, and the output terminal of the drive circuit is connected to the control terminal of the switching transistor; wherein, any one of the analog front-end chip and the microcontroller unit is used to determine an abnormality detection result according to a first comparison result and / or a second comparison result. The first comparison result is a comparison result between a first supply voltage and a first preset voltage, and the second comparison result is a comparison result between a drive voltage and a second preset voltage. The first supply voltage and the drive voltage are the supply voltage when the analog front-end chip and the microcontroller unit output level signals and the voltage value at the output terminal of the drive circuit, respectively. The first preset voltage and the second preset voltage are the supply voltage and the voltage value at the output terminal of the drive circuit in the case where the drive circuit and the switching transistor are free of faults.

[0009] The present invention provides a control circuit for an energy storage device. In this control circuit of the energy storage device, it includes a switching transistor, an analog front-end chip, a microcontroller unit, an AND gate, and a drive circuit. Among them, the analog front-end chip and the microcontroller unit are respectively connected to the first input terminal and the second input terminal of the AND gate, and then input level signals to the first input terminal and the second input terminal of the AND gate. When it is necessary to control the switching transistor to conduct or cut off, the analog front-end chip and the microcontroller unit will output level signals to the AND gate. At this time, the drive voltage and the first supply voltage are obtained, and they are respectively compared with the supply voltage when the drive circuit and the switching transistor are free of faults and the voltage value at the output terminal of the drive circuit, so as to know whether the drive circuit and the switching transistor are faulty. During this process, the analog front-end chip and the microcontroller unit can respectively perform fault detection. If one chip is damaged, the other chip can be used for fault detection, which improves the reliability while reducing the risk of overcharging and over-discharging of the battery cells.

[0010] Specifically, from the control logic of the AND gate, it can be known that the AND gate can output a high-level signal at its output terminal only when high-level signals are simultaneously input to the first input terminal and the second input terminal. When a high-level signal is input to one of the first input terminal and the second input terminal and a low-level signal is input to the other, and when low-level signals are simultaneously input to the first input terminal and the second input terminal, the output terminal of the AND gate outputs a low-level signal.

[0011] Whether the switching transistor conducts or cuts off is the result determined by the analog front-end chip and the microcontroller unit respectively. When it is necessary to control the switching transistor to conduct, the analog front-end chip and the microcontroller unit will simultaneously output high-level signals to the AND gate. At this time, the output terminal of the AND gate will output a high-level signal. In response to the high-level signal, the drive circuit will drive the switching transistor to conduct; conversely, when it is necessary to control the switching transistor to cut off, one or both of the analog front-end chip and the microcontroller unit will simultaneously output low-level signals to the AND gate. At this time, the output terminal of the AND gate will output a low-level signal. In response to the low-level signal, the drive circuit will drive the switching transistor to cut off.

[0012] When the drive circuit is free of faults, the drive circuit will correctly respond to the high-level and low-level signals output by the output terminal of the AND gate. Similarly, when the switching transistor is free of faults, the switching transistor will also correctly respond to the drive voltage output by the drive circuit. Based on this, the supply voltage when the drive circuit and the switching transistor are free of faults and the voltage value at the output terminal of the drive circuit, that is, the first preset voltage and the second preset voltage, are obtained, so as to determine the abnormal detection result based on the comparison results of the first preset voltage, the second preset voltage with the first supply voltage and the drive voltage respectively.

[0013] In this technical solution, when there are misjudgments and resets in the microcontroller unit and / or the analog front-end chip, the switching transistor will be frequently turned on and off. The provided flip-flop can eliminate the influence brought by the misjudgment of the microcontroller unit and / or the analog front-end chip, thereby improving the stability of the control circuit of the energy storage device.

[0014] In addition, the control circuit of the energy storage device proposed in this application also has the following additional technical features.

[0015] In some technical solutions, optionally, the switching transistor includes a charging switching transistor, the AND gate includes a first AND gate, the flip-flop includes a first flip-flop, the driving circuit includes a first driving circuit. The first input terminal of the first AND gate is connected to the charging signal output terminal of the analog front-end chip, the second input terminal of the first AND gate is connected to the charging signal output terminal of the microcontroller unit, the output terminal of the first AND gate is connected to the input terminal of the first flip-flop, the output terminal of the first flip-flop is connected to the input terminal of the first driving circuit, the output terminal of the first driving circuit is connected to the control terminal of the charging switching transistor, and the clock input terminal of the first flip-flop is connected to the microcontroller unit; and / or the switching transistor includes a discharging switching transistor, the AND gate includes a second AND gate, the flip-flop includes a second flip-flop, the driving circuit includes a second driving circuit. The first input terminal of the second AND gate is connected to the discharging signal output terminal of the analog front-end chip, the second input terminal of the second AND gate is connected to the discharging signal output terminal of the microcontroller unit, the output terminal of the second AND gate is connected to the input terminal of the second flip-flop, the output terminal of the second flip-flop is connected to the input terminal of the second driving circuit, the output terminal of the second driving circuit is connected to the control terminal of the discharging switching transistor, and the clock input terminal of the second flip-flop is connected to the microcontroller unit.

[0016] In this technical solution, the switching transistor can include a charging switching transistor, or a discharging switching transistor, or can include both a charging switching transistor and a discharging switching transistor at the same time.

[0017] Among them, according to the selection of the charging switching transistor and the discharging switching transistor, the AND gate can include a first AND gate and a second AND gate. At the same time, the driving circuit also correspondingly includes a first driving circuit and a second driving circuit.

[0018] Specifically, when the switching transistor includes a charging switching transistor, the first supply voltage and the driving voltage are respectively the supply voltage when the analog front-end chip and the microcontroller unit output level signals and the voltage value at the output terminal of the first driving circuit.

[0019] Specifically, when the switching transistor includes a discharging switching transistor, the first supply voltage and the driving voltage are respectively the supply voltage when the analog front-end chip and the microcontroller unit output level signals and the voltage value at the output terminal of the second driving circuit.

[0020] Specifically, in the case where the switching tubes include a discharge switching tube and a charging switching tube, the first power supply voltage includes a first sub-power supply voltage and a second sub-power supply voltage, and the driving voltage includes a first sub-driving voltage and a second sub-driving voltage. Among them, the first sub-power supply voltage and the first sub-driving voltage are respectively the power supply voltage when the analog front-end chip and the microcontroller unit output level signals and the voltage value at the output end of the first driving circuit. The second sub-power supply voltage and the second sub-driving voltage are respectively the power supply voltage when the analog front-end chip and the microcontroller unit output level signals and the voltage value at the output end of the second driving circuit.

[0021] During this process, fault detection can be performed for different switching tubes and different driving circuits.

[0022] In some technical solutions, optionally, the first trigger and the second trigger are D triggers.

[0023] In some technical solutions, optionally, the control circuit of the energy storage device further includes: a first comparison circuit, the first end of the first comparison circuit is connected to the control end of the charging switching tube, the second end of the first comparison circuit is used to input a second preset voltage, and the third end of the first comparison circuit is connected to the microcontroller unit; and / or a second comparison circuit, the first end of the second comparison circuit is connected to the control end of the discharge switching tube, the second end of the second comparison circuit is used to input a second preset voltage, and the third end of the second comparison circuit is connected to the microcontroller unit.

[0024] In this technical solution, the microcontroller unit uses the provided first comparison circuit and second comparison circuit to obtain the second comparison result. During this process, the first comparison circuit and the second comparison circuit are hardware, and the comparison result can be obtained quickly, so that the control circuit of the energy storage device has a relatively fast response ability.

[0025] In some technical solutions, optionally, the first comparison circuit includes: a first resistor, the first end of the first resistor is connected to the control end of the charging switching tube; a second resistor, the first end of the second resistor is connected to the second end of the first resistor, and the second end of the second resistor is grounded; a first comparator, the first input terminal of the first comparator is connected to the first end of the second resistor, the second input terminal of the first comparator is used to input a voltage signal corresponding to the second preset voltage, and the output terminal of the first comparator is connected to the microcontroller unit; and / or the second comparison circuit includes: a third resistor, the first end of the third resistor is connected to the control end of the discharge switching tube; a fourth resistor, the first end of the fourth resistor is connected to the second end of the third resistor, and the second end of the fourth resistor is grounded; a second comparator, the first input terminal of the second comparator is connected to the first end of the fourth resistor, the second input terminal of the second comparator is used to input a voltage signal corresponding to the second preset voltage, and the output terminal of the second comparator is connected to the microcontroller unit.

[0026] In the above technical solution, the first resistor and the second resistor form a voltage dividing circuit. Since the first end of the first resistor is connected to the control end of the charging switch tube and the second end of the second resistor is connected to the negative output end, the voltage at the control end of the charging switch tube, that is, the driving voltage in the present application, can form a voltage division across the series-connected first resistor and second resistor. At this time, the voltage at the first end of the second resistor can represent the driving voltage, and the first input terminal of the first comparator is connected to the first end of the second resistor, and the second input terminal of the first comparator is used to input a voltage signal corresponding to a second preset voltage. Therefore, the first comparator can be used to compare the voltage signal corresponding to the second preset voltage with the voltage at the first end of the second resistor to obtain a second comparison result.

[0027] Similarly, the third resistor and the fourth resistor form a voltage dividing circuit. Since the first end of the third resistor is connected to the control end of the discharging switch tube and the second end of the fourth resistor is connected to the negative output end, the voltage at the control end of the discharging switch tube, that is, the driving voltage in the present application, can form a voltage division across the series-connected third resistor and fourth resistor. At this time, the voltage at the first end of the fourth resistor can represent the driving voltage, and the first input terminal of the second comparator is connected to the first end of the fourth resistor, and the second input terminal of the second comparator is used to input a voltage signal corresponding to a second preset voltage. Therefore, the second comparator can be used to compare the voltage signal corresponding to the second preset voltage with the voltage at the first end of the fourth resistor to obtain a second comparison result.

[0028] In this process, the second comparison result can be quickly obtained in the case where at least one of the driving circuit and the switch tube fails, and thus the failure can be detected in a timely manner.

[0029] In some technical solutions, optionally, the micro control unit is signal-connected to the analog front-end chip, and the micro control unit is further configured to output the first comparison result and the second comparison result to the analog front-end chip.

[0030] In this technical solution, by using the signal connection between the micro control unit and the analog front-end chip, the micro control unit can output the first comparison result and the second comparison result to the analog front-end chip for the analog front-end chip to perform fault diagnosis on the driving circuit and the switch tube.

[0031] In this process, the micro control unit and the analog front-end chip can perform fault diagnosis independently, improving the reliability of the control circuit of the energy storage device.

[0032] In some technical solutions, optionally, the signal connection is a wired connection or a wireless connection.

[0033] Exemplarily, the micro control unit and the analog front-end chip are connected by an I2C bus, a universal asynchronous receiver / transmitter, or a serial peripheral interface.

[0034] Among them, the I2C (Inter-Integrated Circuit) bus is a simple, two-way, two-wire synchronous serial bus. It only requires two wires to transfer information between devices connected to the bus.

[0035] Among them, the Universal Asynchronous Receiver / Transmitter (UART) is a general-purpose serial data bus.

[0036] Among them, the Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) is a synchronous peripheral interface. In some technical solutions, optionally, the control circuit of the energy storage device further includes: a fuse located between the positive output terminal and the positive electrode of the battery cell.

[0037] In this technical solution, by setting the fuse, in the case where the discharge current or charging current of the battery cell is too large, the connection between the positive output terminal and the positive electrode of the battery cell can be cut off, thereby protecting the battery cell and improving the safety of the control circuit of the energy storage device.

[0038] In some technical solutions, optionally, the control circuit of the energy storage device further includes: a first sampling wire, one end of the first sampling wire is connected to the positive output terminal, and the other end of the first sampling wire is connected to the microcontroller unit for collecting the first supply voltage; and / or a second sampling wire, one end of the second sampling wire is connected to the positive output terminal, and the other end of the second sampling wire is connected to the analog front-end chip for collecting the first supply voltage.

[0039] In this technical solution, by setting the first sampling wire and the second sampling wire, the microcontroller unit and the analog front-end chip can collect the voltage from the positive output terminal, thereby obtaining the first supply voltage.

[0040] In the above technical solution, the microcontroller unit and the analog front-end chip will exchange the collected first supply voltage with each other to determine whether the energy storage device is normal.

[0041] In some technical solutions, optionally, the microcontroller unit is specifically configured to: obtain the supply voltage and the voltage value at the output end of the drive circuit when the microcontroller unit outputs a high-level signal, so as to obtain a first supply voltage and a drive voltage, where the first supply voltage and the drive voltage are respectively the supply voltage when the analog front-end chip and the microcontroller unit output high-level signals and the voltage value at the output end of the drive circuit, and the drive circuit drives the switching transistor to conduct based on the high-level signal; if the drive voltage is less than a second preset voltage, determine that the drive circuit has a fault; if the drive voltage is greater than or equal to the second preset voltage and the first supply voltage is less than a first preset voltage, determine that the switching transistor has an open-circuit fault.

[0042] In this technical solution, when the first supply voltage and the drive voltage are respectively the supply voltage when the analog front-end chip and the microcontroller unit output high-level signals and the voltage value at the output end of the drive circuit, it is necessary for the drive circuit to drive the switching transistor to conduct, so as to supply power using the positive output terminal and the negative output terminal of the energy storage device.

[0043] If at this time the drive voltage is less than the second preset voltage, it is considered that the voltage output by the output end of the drive circuit is insufficient. Obviously, the drive circuit has a fault at this time; if the drive voltage is greater than or equal to the second preset voltage, it is considered that the drive circuit has no fault, but at this time the first supply voltage is less than the first preset voltage, it is considered that the power supply from the positive output terminal and the negative output terminal of the energy storage device is insufficient. Obviously, the switching transistor is faulty at this time.

[0044] In this process, during the charging and discharging of the energy storage device, the microcontroller unit can be used to detect faults in the drive circuit and the switching transistor, thereby ensuring the reliability of the control circuit of the energy storage device.

[0045] In some technical solutions, optionally, the microcontroller unit is specifically configured to: obtain the first supply voltage and the drive voltage, where the first supply voltage and the drive voltage are respectively the supply voltage when one or both of the analog front-end chip and the microcontroller unit output low-level signals and the voltage value at the output end of the drive circuit, and the drive circuit drives the switching transistor to cut off based on the low-level signal; if the drive voltage is greater than or equal to the second preset voltage, determine that the drive circuit has a fault; if the drive voltage is less than the second preset voltage and the first supply voltage is greater than or equal to the first preset voltage, determine that the switching transistor has a short-circuit fault.

[0046] In this technical solution, when the first supply voltage and the drive voltage are respectively the supply voltage when one or both of the analog front-end chip and the microcontroller unit output low-level signals and the voltage value at the output end of the drive circuit, it is necessary for the drive circuit to drive the switching transistor to cut off, so as to stop the power supply from the positive output terminal and the negative output terminal of the energy storage device.

[0047] If at this time the drive voltage is greater than or equal to the second preset voltage, it is considered that the drive circuit still needs to control the switch tube to conduct. Obviously, the state of the switch tube at this time is inconsistent with the state desired by the user. Therefore, a fault occurs in the drive circuit. If the drive voltage is less than the second preset voltage, it is considered that there is no fault in the drive circuit. However, if the first power supply voltage is greater than or equal to the first preset voltage at this time, it is considered that the positive output terminal and the negative output terminal of the energy storage device still output power supply. Obviously, the switch tube is not cut off at this time. Therefore, it can be inferred that the switch tube is faulty.

[0048] During this process, after controlling the energy storage device to stop charging and discharging, the microcontroller unit can be used to detect faults in the drive circuit and the switch tube, thereby ensuring the reliability of the control circuit of the energy storage device.

[0049] In some technical solutions, optionally, the microcontroller unit is further configured to: if the drive circuit fails, output an alarm message, and the alarm message is used to indicate that the drive circuit fails; if the switch tube fails, perform an operation to stop charging and discharging.

[0050] In this technical solution, if the drive circuit fails, by outputting an alarm message, the maintenance personnel can be reminded to maintain the drive circuit in time, thereby eliminating the fault, so as to ensure the reliability of the control circuit of the energy storage device.

[0051] In some technical solutions, the alarm message includes one or more of sound information, light information, and text information.

[0052] Exemplarily, the sound information can be playing the audio of "drive circuit failure", or can be playing a fault sound used to indicate a fault.

[0053] Exemplarily, the light information can be controlling the indicator light used to indicate the abnormality of the drive circuit to blink intermittently, or can be controlling the indicator light used to indicate the abnormality of the drive circuit to be constantly on.

[0054] Exemplarily, the text information can be displaying the text of "drive circuit failure".

[0055] In the above technical solution, if the switch tube fails, it is determined that the switch tube can no longer be controlled. By performing the operation of stopping charging and discharging, the power supply from the energy storage device to the external device and the charging of the energy storage device from the external device can be cut off, thereby reducing the risk of overcharging and over-discharging of the energy storage device.

[0056] In some technical solutions, optionally, the operation of stopping charging and discharging can be an operation of cutting off the fuse.

[0057] In some technical solutions, optionally, the analog front-end chip is used to: obtain the supply voltage and the voltage value at the output end of the drive circuit when the analog front-end chip outputs a high-level signal, so as to obtain a first supply voltage and a drive voltage, where the first supply voltage and the drive voltage are respectively the supply voltage and the voltage value at the output end of the drive circuit when the analog front-end chip and the microcontroller unit output high-level signals, and the drive circuit drives the switching transistor to conduct based on the high-level signal; if the first supply voltage is less than a first preset voltage, determine that there is an open-circuit fault of the switching transistor or a fault of the drive circuit; if the first supply voltage is greater than or equal to the first preset voltage, determine that the switching transistor and the drive circuit are free of faults.

[0058] In this technical solution, when the analog front-end chip outputs a high-level signal, it is considered that the drive circuit needs to drive the switching transistor to conduct, so as to supply power by using the positive output terminal and the negative output terminal of the energy storage device.

[0059] If the first supply voltage is less than the first preset voltage, it is considered that the power supply from the positive output terminal and the negative output terminal of the energy storage device is insufficient. Obviously, at this time, there is an open-circuit fault of the switching transistor or a fault of the drive circuit. When the first supply voltage is greater than or equal to the first preset voltage, it is considered that the power supply from the positive output terminal and the negative output terminal of the energy storage device is normal. At this time, the switching transistor and the drive circuit both operate normally, and at this time, the switching transistor and the drive circuit are free of faults.

[0060] During this process, the analog front-end chip can be used to detect the open-circuit fault of the switching transistor or the fault of the drive circuit.

[0061] In some technical solutions, optionally, obtain the first supply voltage and the drive voltage, where the first supply voltage and the drive voltage are respectively the supply voltage and the voltage value at the output end of the drive circuit when one or both of the analog front-end chip and the microcontroller unit output low-level signals, and the drive circuit drives the switching transistor to cut off based on the low-level signal; if the first supply voltage is greater than or equal to a first preset voltage, determine that there is a short-circuit fault of the switching transistor or a fault of the drive circuit; if the first supply voltage is less than the first preset voltage, determine that the switching transistor and the drive circuit are free of faults.

[0062] When the first supply voltage and the drive voltage are respectively the supply voltage and the voltage value at the output end of the drive circuit when one or both of the analog front-end chip and the microcontroller unit output low-level signals, it is necessary for the drive circuit to drive the switching transistor to cut off to stop the power supply from the positive output terminal and the negative output terminal of the energy storage device.

[0063] At this time, if the first power supply voltage is greater than or equal to the first preset voltage, obviously, the positive output terminal and the negative output terminal of the energy storage device still output power supply. Obviously, the switching tube is not cut off at this time. Therefore, there is a short circuit fault of the switching tube or a fault of the drive circuit. If the first power supply voltage is less than the first preset voltage, it is considered that the switching tube is cut off.

[0064] During this process, after the energy storage device is controlled to stop charging and discharging, the analog front-end chip can be used to detect faults in the drive circuit and the switching tube, thereby ensuring the reliability of the control circuit of the energy storage device.

[0065] According to the second aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides an energy storage device, including: a battery cell; a positive output terminal, the positive output terminal is connected to the positive electrode of the battery cell; a negative output terminal; an inverter, connected to the positive output terminal and the negative output terminal; the control circuit of the energy storage device as described in any one of the above, and the control circuit of the energy storage device is respectively connected to the negative output terminal and the negative electrode of the battery cell.

[0066] The additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be partly given in the following description, partly will become obvious from the following description, or be understood through the practice of the present invention. Description of the Drawings

[0067] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become obvious and easy to understand from the description of the embodiments in conjunction with the following drawings, wherein:

[0068] Figure 1 One of the topological schematic diagrams of an energy storage device in an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0069] Figure 2 One of the topological schematic diagrams of the control circuit of an energy storage device in an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0070] Figure 3 One of the topological schematic diagrams of the control circuit of an energy storage device in an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0071] Figure 4 One of the flow schematic diagrams of the control method executed by a microcontroller unit in an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0072] Figure 5 One of the flow schematic diagrams of the control method executed by a microcontroller unit in an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0073] Figure 6 One of the topological schematic diagrams of an energy storage device in an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0074] Among them, Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 andFigure 6 The corresponding relationship between the reference numerals and the component names in the drawings is as follows:

[0075] 100 Control circuit of the energy storage device, 200 Energy storage device, 202 Battery cell, 204 Inverter, PACK+ Positive output terminal, PACK- Negative output terminal, 102 Switching transistor, 104 Analog front-end chip, 106 Microcontroller unit, 108 AND gate, 110 Flip-flop, 112 Driver circuit, Q1 Charge switching transistor, U1 First AND gate, 1122 First driver circuit, Q2 Discharge switching transistor, U2 Second AND gate, 1124 Second driver circuit, D1 First flip-flop, D2 Second flip-flop, 114 First comparison circuit, 116 Second comparison circuit, R1 First resistor, R2 Second resistor, B1 First comparator, R3 Third resistor, R4 Fourth resistor, B2 Second comparator, RS Sampling resistor, F Fuse, L1 First sampling wire, L2 Second sampling wire, 118 First voltage sampling circuit, 120 Second voltage sampling circuit. Detailed implementation manners

[0076] In order to be able to more clearly understand the above aspects, features and advantages of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and specific implementation manners. It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present application and the features in the embodiments may be combined with each other.

[0077] In the following description, many specific details are set forth in order to fully understand the present invention. However, the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0078] In an embodiment of the present application, as Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 and Figure 6As shown in the figure, a control circuit 100 of an energy storage device is provided. The energy storage device 200 includes a battery cell 202, a positive output terminal PACK+, and a negative output terminal PACK-. The positive output terminal PACK+ is connected to the positive electrode of the battery cell 202. The positive output terminal PACK+ and the negative output terminal PACK- are used to output a supply voltage. The control circuit 100 of the energy storage device includes: a switching transistor 102, which connects the negative output terminal PACK- and the negative electrode of the battery cell 202 through the switching transistor 102; an analog front-end chip 104; a microcontroller unit 106; an AND gate 108, the first input terminal of the AND gate 108 is connected to the analog front-end chip 104, and the second input terminal of the AND gate 108 is connected to the microcontroller unit 106; a flip-flop 110, the input terminal of the flip-flop 110 is connected to the output terminal of the AND gate 108; a driving circuit 112, the input terminal of the driving circuit 112 is connected to the output terminal of the flip-flop 110, and the output terminal of the driving circuit 112 is connected to the control terminal of the switching transistor 102. Among them, any one of the analog front-end chip 104 and the microcontroller unit 106 is used to determine an abnormality detection result according to the first comparison result and / or the second comparison result. The first comparison result is the comparison result between the first supply voltage and the first preset voltage, and the second comparison result is the comparison result between the driving voltage and the second preset voltage to determine the abnormality detection result. The first supply voltage and the driving voltage are respectively the supply voltage when the analog front-end chip 104 and the microcontroller unit 106 output level signals and the voltage value at the output terminal of the driving circuit 112. The first preset voltage and the second preset voltage are the supply voltage when the driving circuit 112 and the switching transistor 102 are fault-free and the voltage value at the output terminal of the driving circuit 112.

[0079] The present invention proposes a control circuit 100 of an energy storage device. In the control circuit 100 of the energy storage device, it includes a switching transistor 102, an analog front-end chip 104, a microcontroller unit 106, an AND gate 108, and a driving circuit 112. Among them, the analog front-end chip 104 and the microcontroller unit 106 are respectively connected to the first input terminal and the second input terminal of the AND gate 108, and then input level signals to the first input terminal and the second input terminal of the AND gate 108. When it is necessary to control the switching transistor 102 to conduct or cut off, the analog front-end chip 104 and the microcontroller unit 106 will output level signals to the AND gate 108. At this time, the driving voltage and the first supply voltage are obtained, and they are respectively compared with the supply voltage when the driving circuit 112 and the switching transistor 102 are fault-free and the voltage value at the output terminal of the driving circuit 112, so as to know whether the driving circuit 112 and the switching transistor 102 are faulty. During this process, the analog front-end chip 104 and the microcontroller unit 106 can respectively perform fault detection. If one chip is damaged, the other chip can be used for fault detection, which improves the reliability and reduces the risk of overcharging and over-discharging of the battery cell 202.

[0080] Specifically, according to the control logic of the AND gate 108, the output terminal of the AND gate 108 can output a high-level signal only when high-level signals are input to both the first input terminal and the second input terminal simultaneously. When a high-level signal is input to one of the first input terminal and the second input terminal and a low-level signal is input to the other, or when low-level signals are input to both the first input terminal and the second input terminal, the output terminal of the AND gate 108 outputs a low-level signal.

[0081] The conduction or cutoff of the switching transistor 102 is the result determined by the analog front-end chip 104 and the microcontroller unit 106 respectively. When it is necessary to control the switching transistor 102 to conduct, the analog front-end chip 104 and the microcontroller unit 106 will simultaneously output high-level signals to the AND gate 108. At this time, the output terminal of the AND gate 108 will output a high-level signal, and the drive circuit 112 will drive the switching transistor 102 to conduct in response to the high-level signal; conversely, when it is necessary to control the switching transistor 102 to cutoff, one or both of the analog front-end chip 104 and the microcontroller unit 106 will simultaneously output low-level signals to the AND gate 108. At this time, the output terminal of the AND gate 108 will output a low-level signal, and the drive circuit 112 will drive the switching transistor 102 to cutoff in response to the low-level signal.

[0082] When the drive circuit 112 is free of faults, the drive circuit 112 will correctly respond to the high-level and low-level signals output by the output terminal of the AND gate 108. Similarly, when the switching transistor 102 is free of faults, the switching transistor 102 will also correctly respond to the drive voltage output by the drive circuit 112. Based on this, the power supply voltage and the voltage value at the output terminal of the drive circuit 112, that is, the first preset voltage and the second preset voltage, are obtained under the condition that the drive circuit 112 and the switching transistor 102 are free of faults, so as to determine the abnormal detection result based on the comparison results of the first preset voltage and the second preset voltage with the first power supply voltage and the drive voltage respectively.

[0083] In some embodiments, the analog front-end chip 104, that is, the analog front-end circuit (Analog Front End, AFE) chip.

[0084] In this embodiment, when the microcontroller unit 106 and / or the analog front-end chip 104 makes a misjudgment, the switching transistor 102 will be frequently turned on and off. The set flip-flop can eliminate the influence brought by the misjudgment of the microcontroller unit 106 and / or the analog front-end chip 104, thereby improving the stability of the control circuit 100 of the energy storage device.

[0085] In some embodiments, optionally, the switching transistor 102 includes a charging switching transistor Q1, the AND gate 108 includes a first AND gate U1, the flip-flop 110 includes a first flip-flop D1, the driving circuit 112 includes a first driving circuit 1122, a first input terminal of the first AND gate U1 is connected to an output terminal of a charging signal of the analog front-end chip 104, a second input terminal of the first AND gate U1 is connected to an output terminal of a charging signal of the microcontroller unit 106, an output terminal of the first AND gate U1 is connected to an input terminal of the first flip-flop D1, an output terminal of the first flip-flop D1 is connected to an input terminal of the first driving circuit 1122, an output terminal of the first driving circuit 1122 is connected to a control terminal of the charging switching transistor Q1, and a clock input terminal of the first flip-flop D1 is connected to the microcontroller unit 106; and / or the switching transistor 102 includes a discharging switching transistor Q2, the AND gate 108 includes a second AND gate U2, the flip-flop 110 includes a second flip-flop D2, the driving circuit 112 includes a second driving circuit 1124, a first input terminal of the second AND gate U2 is connected to an output terminal of a discharging signal of the analog front-end chip 104, a second input terminal of the second AND gate U2 is connected to an output terminal of a discharging signal of the microcontroller unit 106, an output terminal of the second AND gate U2 is connected to an input terminal of the second flip-flop D2, an output terminal of the second flip-flop D2 is connected to an input terminal of the second driving circuit 1124, an output terminal of the second driving circuit 1124 is connected to a control terminal of the discharging switching transistor Q2, and a clock input terminal of the second flip-flop D2 is connected to the microcontroller unit 106.

[0086] In this embodiment, the switching transistor 102 may include a charging switching transistor Q1, may include a discharging switching transistor Q2, or may include both the charging switching transistor Q1 and the discharging switching transistor Q2.

[0087] Among them, according to the selection of the charging switching transistor Q1 and the discharging switching transistor Q2, the AND gate 108 may include the first AND gate U1 and the second AND gate U2. At the same time, the driving circuit 112 correspondingly includes the first driving circuit 1122 and the second driving circuit 1124.

[0088] Specifically, when the switching transistor 102 includes the charging switching transistor Q1, the first supply voltage and the driving voltage are respectively the supply voltage in the case where the analog front-end chip 104 and the microcontroller unit 106 output level signals and the voltage value at the output terminal of the first driving circuit 1122.

[0089] Specifically, when the switching transistor 102 includes the discharging switching transistor Q2, the first supply voltage and the driving voltage are respectively the supply voltage in the case where the analog front-end chip 104 and the microcontroller unit 106 output level signals and the voltage value at the output terminal of the second driving circuit 1124.

[0090] Specifically, when the switching transistor 102 includes a discharge switching transistor Q2 and a charging switching transistor Q1, the first power supply voltage includes a first sub-power supply voltage and a second sub-power supply voltage, and the driving voltage includes a first sub-driving voltage and a second sub-driving voltage. Among them, the first sub-power supply voltage and the first sub-driving voltage are respectively the power supply voltage when the analog front-end chip 104 and the micro-control unit 106 output level signals, and the voltage value at the output end of the first driving circuit 1122. The second sub-power supply voltage and the second sub-driving voltage are respectively the power supply voltage when the analog front-end chip 104 and the micro-control unit 106 output level signals, and the voltage value at the output end of the second driving circuit 1124.

[0091] During this process, fault detection can be performed for different switching transistors 102 and different driving circuits 112.

[0092] In one embodiment, the discharge switching transistor Q2 and the charging switching transistor Q1 are Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistors (MOSFETs). At this time, the driving voltage is the voltage between the G pole and the S pole of the Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor.

[0093] In some embodiments, optionally, the first flip-flop D1 and the second flip-flop D2 are D flip-flops.

[0094] Among them, after the micro-control unit 106 is powered on and initialized, it initializes the analog front-end chip 104, and at the same time configures the control logic function of the analog front-end chip 104, configuring separate cell voltage fault protection, short-circuit current fault protection, and cell temperature fault protection.

[0095] For the micro-control unit 106, it can detect the open circuit of the switching transistor 102 and can also detect the short circuit of the switching transistor 102.

[0096] Specifically, for the detection of the open circuit of the switching transistor 102, the micro-control unit 106 controls the first driving circuit 1122 or the second driving circuit 1124 to output a high-level signal. The micro-control unit 106 controls the clock input terminal of the D flip-flop to output a rising-edge signal. The output signal Q of the D flip-flop will output a high-level signal to control the first driving circuit 1122 or the second driving circuit 1124 to turn on. At this time, the output voltage of the first driving circuit 1122 or the second driving circuit 1124 can be detected to determine whether the first driving circuit 1122 or the second driving circuit 1124 is working properly. After the switching transistor 102 is turned on, it is determined whether the switching transistor 102 is effectively closed by whether there is voltage between PACK+ and PACK-, so as to determine whether the switching transistor 102 has an open-circuit fault.

[0097] Specifically, for the detection of the short circuit of the switching transistor 102, the microcontroller unit 106 controls the first drive circuit 1122 or the second drive circuit 1124 to output a low-level signal. The microcontroller unit 106 controls the clock input terminal of the D flip-flop to output a rising-edge signal. The output signal Q of the D flip-flop will output a low-level signal to control the disconnection of the first drive circuit 1122 or the second drive circuit 1124. At this time, the output voltage of the first drive circuit 1122 or the second drive circuit 1124 can be detected to determine whether the first drive circuit 1122 or the second drive circuit 1124 is working properly. Secondly, the effective closing detection of the switching transistor 102 is realized by whether there is voltage between PACK+ and PACK-, so as to determine whether the switching transistor 102 has a short-circuit fault.

[0098] For the analog front-end chip 104, it can realize the detection of the open circuit of the switching transistor 102 and also the detection of the short circuit of the switching transistor 102.

[0099] Specifically, for the detection of the open circuit of the switching transistor 102, the analog front-end chip 104 controls the first drive circuit 1122 or the second drive circuit 1124 to output a high-level signal. The microcontroller unit 106 controls the clock input terminal of the D flip-flop to output a rising-edge signal. The output signal Q of the D flip-flop will output a high-level signal to control the activation of the first drive circuit 1122 or the second drive circuit 1124. At this time, the output voltage of the first drive circuit 1122 or the second drive circuit 1124 can be detected to determine whether the first drive circuit 1122 or the second drive circuit 1124 is working properly. After the switching transistor 102 is turned on, the effective closing detection of the switching transistor 102 is realized by whether there is voltage between PACK+ and PACK-, so as to determine whether the switching transistor 102 has an open-circuit fault.

[0100] Specifically, for the detection of the short circuit of the switching transistor 102, the analog front-end chip 104 controls the first drive circuit 1122 or the second drive circuit 1124 to output a low-level signal. The microcontroller unit 106 controls the clock input terminal of the D flip-flop to output a rising-edge signal. The output signal Q of the D flip-flop will output a low-level signal to control the disconnection of the first drive circuit 1122 or the second drive circuit 1124. At this time, the output voltage of the first drive circuit 1122 or the second drive circuit 1124 can be detected to determine whether the first drive circuit 1122 or the second drive circuit 1124 is working properly. Secondly, the effective closing detection of the switching transistor 102 is realized by whether there is voltage between PACK+ and PACK-, so as to determine whether the switching transistor 102 has a short-circuit fault.

[0101] In some embodiments, optionally, the control circuit 100 of the energy storage device further includes: a first comparison circuit 114, a first end of the first comparison circuit 114 is connected to the control end of the charging switch transistor Q1, a second end of the first comparison circuit 114 is configured to input a second preset voltage, and a third end of the first comparison circuit 114 is connected to the micro control unit 106; and / or a second comparison circuit 116, a first end of the second comparison circuit 116 is connected to the control end of the discharging switch transistor Q2, a second end of the second comparison circuit 116 is configured to input a second preset voltage, and a third end of the second comparison circuit 116 is connected to the micro control unit 106.

[0102] In this embodiment, the micro control unit 106 uses the provided first comparison circuit 114 and second comparison circuit 116 to obtain a second comparison result. In this process, the first comparison circuit 114 and the second comparison circuit 116 are hardware, and the comparison result can be obtained quickly, so that the control circuit 100 of the energy storage device has a relatively fast response ability.

[0103] In some embodiments, optionally, the first comparison circuit 114 includes: a first resistor R1, a first end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the control end of the charging switch transistor Q1; a second resistor R2, a first end of the second resistor R2 is connected to a second end of the first resistor R1, and a second end of the second resistor R2 is grounded; a first comparator B1, a first input terminal of the first comparator B1 is connected to the first end of the second resistor R2, a second input terminal of the first comparator B1 is configured to input a voltage signal corresponding to the second preset voltage, and an output terminal of the first comparator B1 is connected to the micro control unit 106; and / or the second comparison circuit 116 includes: a third resistor R3, a first end of the third resistor R3 is connected to the control end of the discharging switch transistor Q2; a fourth resistor R4, a first end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected to a second end of the third resistor R3, and a second end of the fourth resistor R4 is grounded; a second comparator B2, a first input terminal of the second comparator B2 is connected to the first end of the fourth resistor R4, a second input terminal of the second comparator B2 is configured to input a voltage signal corresponding to the second preset voltage, and an output terminal of the second comparator B2 is connected to the micro control unit 106.

[0104] In the above embodiments, the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2 form a voltage dividing circuit. Since the first end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the control end of the charging switch tube Q1, and the second end of the second resistor R2 is connected to the negative output terminal PACK-, the voltage at the control end of the charging switch tube Q1, that is, the driving voltage in this application, can form a voltage division across the series-connected first resistor R1 and second resistor R2. At this time, the voltage at the first end of the second resistor R2 can represent the driving voltage. The first input terminal of the first comparator B1 is connected to the first end of the second resistor R2, and the second input terminal of the first comparator B1 is used to input a voltage signal Vref corresponding to the second preset voltage. Therefore, the first comparator B1 can be used to compare the voltage signal corresponding to the second preset voltage with the voltage at the first end of the second resistor R2 to obtain the second comparison result.

[0105] Similarly, the third resistor R3 and the fourth resistor R4 form a voltage dividing circuit. Since the first end of the third resistor R3 is connected to the control end of the discharging switch tube Q2, and the second end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected to the negative output terminal PACK-, the voltage at the control end of the discharging switch tube Q2, that is, the driving voltage in this application, can form a voltage division across the series-connected third resistor R3 and fourth resistor R4. At this time, the voltage at the first end of the fourth resistor R4 can represent the driving voltage. The first input terminal of the second comparator B2 is connected to the first end of the fourth resistor R4, and the second input terminal of the second comparator B2 is used to input a voltage signal corresponding to the second preset voltage. Therefore, the second comparator B2 can be used to compare the voltage signal corresponding to the second preset voltage with the voltage at the first end of the fourth resistor R4 to obtain the second comparison result.

[0106] In this process, the second comparison result can be quickly obtained in the case where at least one of the driving circuit 112 and the switch tube 102 fails, and then the failure can be detected in time.

[0107] In some embodiments, optionally, the control circuit 100 of the energy storage device further includes a sampling resistor RS, where the sampling resistor RS is connected in series between the charging switch tube Q1 and the negative electrode of the battery cell 202.

[0108] In some embodiments, optionally, the micro control unit 106 is signal-connected to the analog front-end chip 104, and the micro control unit 106 is further configured to output the first comparison result and the second comparison result to the analog front-end chip 104.

[0109] In this embodiment, by using the signal connection between the micro control unit 106 and the analog front-end chip 104, the micro control unit 106 can output the first comparison result and the second comparison result to the analog front-end chip 104 for the analog front-end chip 104 to perform fault diagnosis on the driving circuit 112 and the switch tube 102.

[0110] During this process, the micro control unit 106 and the analog front-end chip 104 can independently perform fault diagnosis, improving the reliability of the control circuit 100 of the energy storage device.

[0111] In some embodiments, optionally, the signal connection is a wired connection or a wireless connection.

[0112] Exemplarily, the micro control unit 106 and the analog front-end chip 104 are connected using an I2C bus, a universal asynchronous receiver / transmitter, or a serial peripheral interface.

[0113] Among them, the I2C (Inter-Integrated Circuit) bus is a simple, two-way, two-wire synchronous serial bus. It only requires two wires to transmit information between the devices connected to the bus.

[0114] Among them, the universal asynchronous receiver / transmitter (UART) is a universal serial data bus.

[0115] Among them, the serial peripheral interface (SPI) is a synchronous peripheral interface.

[0116] In some embodiments, optionally, the control circuit 100 of the energy storage device further includes: a fuse F, located between the positive output terminal PACK+ and the positive electrode of the battery cell 202.

[0117] In this embodiment, by setting the fuse F, in the case where the discharge current or the charging current of the battery cell 202 is too large, the connection between the positive output terminal PACK+ and the positive electrode of the battery cell 202 can be cut off, thereby protecting the battery cell 202 and improving the safety of the control circuit 100 of the energy storage device.

[0118] In some embodiments, optionally, the control circuit 100 of the energy storage device further includes: a first sampling wire L1, one end of the first sampling wire L1 is connected to the positive output terminal PACK+, and the other end of the first sampling wire L1 is connected to the micro control unit 106 for collecting the first supply voltage; and / or a second sampling wire L2, one end of the second sampling wire L2 is connected to the positive output terminal PACK+, and the other end of the second sampling wire L2 is connected to the analog front-end chip 104 for collecting the first supply voltage.

[0119] In this embodiment, by setting the first sampling wire L1 and the second sampling wire L2, the micro control unit 106 and the analog front-end chip 104 can collect the voltage from the positive output terminal PACK+ to obtain the first supply voltage.

[0120] In the above embodiments, the microcontroller unit and the analog front-end chip exchange the first supply voltage collected by each other to determine whether the energy storage device is normal.

[0121] In some embodiments, the first supply voltage collected by the analog front-end chip 104 is compared with a first preset voltage to obtain a first comparison result.

[0122] In some embodiments, the control circuit 100 of the energy storage device further includes a first voltage sampling circuit 118 located on the first sampling wire L1 for collecting the first supply voltage, and a second voltage sampling circuit 120 located on the second sampling wire L2 for collecting the first supply voltage.

[0123] In some embodiments, optionally, the microcontroller unit 106 is specifically configured to: obtain the supply voltage and the voltage value at the output end of the drive circuit 112 when the microcontroller unit 106 outputs a high-level signal, so as to obtain a first supply voltage and a drive voltage, where the first supply voltage and the drive voltage are respectively the supply voltage and the voltage value at the output end of the drive circuit 112 when the analog front-end chip 104 and the microcontroller unit 106 output high-level signals, and the drive circuit 112 drives the switching transistor 102 to conduct based on the high-level signal; if the drive voltage is less than a second preset voltage, it is determined that the drive circuit 112 is faulty; if the drive voltage is greater than or equal to the second preset voltage and the first supply voltage is less than the first preset voltage, it is determined that the switching transistor 102 has an open-circuit fault.

[0124] In this embodiment, when the first supply voltage and the drive voltage are respectively the supply voltage and the voltage value at the output end of the drive circuit 112 when the analog front-end chip 104 and the microcontroller unit 106 output high-level signals, it is necessary for the drive circuit 112 to drive the switching transistor 102 to conduct, so as to supply power by using the positive output terminal PACK+ and the negative output terminal PACK- of the energy storage device.

[0125] If at this time the drive voltage is less than the second preset voltage, it is considered that the voltage output at the output end of the drive circuit 112 is insufficient. Obviously, the drive circuit 112 has a fault at this time; if the drive voltage is greater than or equal to the second preset voltage, it is considered that the drive circuit 112 has no fault, but at this time the first supply voltage is less than the first preset voltage, it is considered that the power supply output by the positive output terminal PACK+ and the negative output terminal PACK- of the energy storage device is insufficient. Obviously, the switching transistor 102 is faulty at this time.

[0126] During this process, the microcontroller unit 106 can detect faults in the drive circuit 112 and the switching transistor 102 during the charging and discharging process of the energy storage device, thereby ensuring the reliability of the control circuit 100 of the energy storage device.

[0127] In some embodiments, optionally, the microcontroller unit 106 is further configured to: if the drive circuit 112 fails, output an alarm message for indicating the failure of the drive circuit 112; if the switching transistor 102 fails, perform an operation to stop charging and discharging.

[0128] In this embodiment, if the drive circuit 112 fails, by outputting an alarm message, the maintenance personnel can be reminded to maintain the drive circuit 112 in time, so as to eliminate the failure, thereby ensuring the reliability of the control circuit 100 of the energy storage device.

[0129] In some embodiments, the alarm message includes one or more of sound information, light information, and text information.

[0130] Exemplarily, the sound information may be playing an audio of "drive circuit failure", or may be playing a fault sound for indicating a failure.

[0131] Exemplarily, the light information may be controlling the indicator light for indicating the abnormality of the drive circuit to blink intermittently, or may be controlling the indicator light for indicating the abnormality of the drive circuit to be constantly on.

[0132] Exemplarily, the text information may be displaying the text of "drive circuit failure".

[0133] In the above embodiment, if the switching transistor 102 fails, it is determined that the switching transistor 102 can no longer be controlled. By performing an operation to stop charging and discharging, the power supply from the energy storage device to the external device and the charging from the external device to the energy storage device are cut off, thereby reducing the risk of overcharging and over-discharging of the energy storage device.

[0134] In some embodiments, optionally, performing the operation to stop charging and discharging may be an operation of cutting off the fuse.

[0135] In one of the embodiments, taking the first preset voltage as 10 volts and the second preset voltage as 48 volts as an example, as Figure 4 shown, the control method executed by the microcontroller unit includes:

[0136] Step 402, the analog front-end chip and the microcontroller unit output a high level;

[0137] Step 404, control the drive circuit;

[0138] Step 406, output the detected drive voltage;

[0139] Step 408, if the drive voltage is greater than or equal to 10 volts, when the judgment result is yes, execute step 410, and when the judgment result is no, execute step 412;

[0140] Step 410, the switching transistor conducts, and the drive voltage is normal;

[0141] Step 412, identify the drive circuit fault;

[0142] Step 414, the voltage sampling at the positive output terminal is greater than or equal to 48 volts. If the judgment result is yes, execute Step 416; if the judgment result is no, execute Step 418;

[0143] Step 416, the drive circuit is normal and the switching tube does not have an open circuit fault;

[0144] Step 418, the switching tube has an open circuit fault;

[0145] Step 420, output a fault alarm.

[0146] Among them, the voltage sampling at the positive output terminal includes the voltage sampling of the positive output terminal by the microcontroller unit 106 and the voltage sampling of the positive output terminal by the analog front-end chip 104.

[0147] In some embodiments, optionally, the microcontroller unit 106 is specifically configured to: obtain the first supply voltage and the drive voltage, where the first supply voltage and the drive voltage are respectively the supply voltage when one or both of the analog front-end chip 104 and the microcontroller unit 106 output a low-level signal and the voltage value at the output terminal of the drive circuit 112, and the drive circuit 112 drives the switching tube 102 to cut off based on the low-level signal; if the drive voltage is greater than or equal to the second preset voltage, determine that the drive circuit 112 is faulty; if the drive voltage is less than the second preset voltage and the first supply voltage is greater than or equal to the first preset voltage, determine that the switching tube 102 has a short circuit fault.

[0148] In this embodiment, when the first supply voltage and the drive voltage are respectively the supply voltage when one or both of the analog front-end chip 104 and the microcontroller unit 106 output a low-level signal and the voltage value at the output terminal of the drive circuit 112, it is necessary for the drive circuit 112 to drive the switching tube 102 to cut off to stop the power supply output from the positive output terminal PACK+ and the negative output terminal PACK- of the energy storage device.

[0149] If at this time, the drive voltage is greater than or equal to the second preset voltage, it is considered that the drive circuit 112 still needs to control the switching tube 102 to conduct. Obviously, the state of the switching tube 102 at this time is inconsistent with the state desired by the user. Therefore, the drive circuit 112 has a fault; if the drive voltage is less than the second preset voltage, it is considered that the drive circuit 112 has no fault, but at this time the first supply voltage is greater than or equal to the first preset voltage, it is considered that the positive output terminal PACK+ and the negative output terminal PACK- of the energy storage device still output power supply. Obviously, the switching tube 102 is not cut off at this time. Therefore, it can be inferred that the switching tube 102 is faulty.

[0150] During this process, after the energy storage device is controlled to stop charging and discharging, the microcontroller unit 106 can detect faults in the drive circuit 112 and the switching transistor 102, thereby ensuring the reliability of the control circuit 100 of the energy storage device.

[0151] In one embodiment, taking the first preset voltage as 10 volts and the second preset voltage as 48 volts as an example, as Figure 5 shown, the control method executed by the microcontroller unit includes:

[0152] Step 502, output a low level by one or both of the analog front-end chip and the microcontroller unit;

[0153] Step 504, control the drive circuit;

[0154] Step 506, output the detected drive voltage;

[0155] Step 508, if the drive voltage is greater than or equal to 10 volts, when the judgment result is no, execute Step 510, and when the judgment result is yes, execute Step 512;

[0156] Step 510, the switching transistor is turned off and the drive voltage is normal;

[0157] Step 512, identify a fault in the drive circuit;

[0158] Step 514, if the voltage sampling at the positive output terminal is greater than or equal to 48 volts, when the judgment result is yes, execute Step 516, and when the judgment result is no, execute Step 518;

[0159] Step 516, a short-circuit fault of the switching transistor;

[0160] Step 518, the drive circuit is normal and the switching transistor does not have an open-circuit fault;

[0161] Step 520, output a fault alarm.

[0162] Among them, the voltage sampling at the positive output terminal includes the voltage sampling of the positive output terminal by the microcontroller unit and the voltage sampling of the positive output terminal by the analog front-end chip.

[0163] In some embodiments, optionally, when the switching transistor 102 is turned off, there is no voltage at the output terminal of the drive circuit 112. At this time, the voltage value at the output terminal of the drive circuit 112 is less than 0.5 volts, and when the switching transistor 102 is turned on, the voltage value at the output terminal of the drive circuit 112 is greater than or equal to 10 volts.

[0164] Based on this, if the analog front-end chip 104 or the micro-control unit 106 outputs a high-level signal to control the switch transistor 102 to conduct, then at this time, the voltage value at the output terminal of the drive circuit 112 is greater than or equal to 10 volts. If it is detected that there is no supply voltage between the positive output terminal PACK+ and the negative output terminal PACK-, the switch transistor 102 is considered to have an open-circuit fault.

[0165] If the analog front-end chip 104 or the micro-control unit 106 outputs a low-level signal to control the switch transistor 102 to cut off, then at this time, the voltage value at the output terminal of the drive circuit 112 is lower than 0.5 volts. If it is detected that there is a supply voltage between the positive output terminal PACK+ and the negative output terminal PACK-, such as greater than or equal to 48 volts, the switch transistor 102 is considered to have a short-circuit fault.

[0166] In some embodiments, optionally, the analog front-end chip 104 is configured to: obtain the supply voltage and the voltage value at the output terminal of the drive circuit 112 when the analog front-end chip 104 outputs a high-level signal, so as to obtain a first supply voltage and a drive voltage, where the first supply voltage and the drive voltage are respectively the supply voltage and the voltage value at the output terminal of the drive circuit 112 when the analog front-end chip 104 and the micro-control unit 106 output high-level signals, and the drive circuit 112 drives the switch transistor 102 to conduct based on the high-level signal; if the first supply voltage is less than a first preset voltage, determine that the switch transistor 102 has an open-circuit fault or the drive circuit 112 has a fault; if the first supply voltage is greater than or equal to the first preset voltage, determine that the switch transistor 102 and the drive circuit 112 are fault-free.

[0167] In this embodiment, when the analog front-end chip 104 outputs a high-level signal, it is considered that the drive circuit 112 needs to drive the switch transistor 102 to conduct, so as to output power supply by using the positive output terminal PACK+ and the negative output terminal PACK- of the energy storage device.

[0168] If the first supply voltage is less than the first preset voltage, it is considered that the power supply output by the positive output terminal PACK+ and the negative output terminal PACK- of the energy storage device is insufficient. Obviously, at this time, the switch transistor 102 has an open-circuit fault or the drive circuit 112 has a fault. And when the first supply voltage is greater than or equal to the first preset voltage, it is considered that the power supply output by the positive output terminal PACK+ and the negative output terminal PACK- of the energy storage device is normal. At this time, both the switch transistor 102 and the drive circuit 112 operate normally, and at this time, the switch transistor 102 and the drive circuit 112 are fault-free.

[0169] During this process, the analog front-end chip 104 can be used to detect the open-circuit fault of the switch transistor 102 or the fault of the drive circuit 112.

[0170] In some embodiments, optionally, a first supply voltage and a drive voltage are obtained. The first supply voltage and the drive voltage are respectively the supply voltage when one or both of the analog front-end chip 104 and the microcontroller unit 106 output a low-level signal, and the voltage value at the output terminal of the drive circuit 112. The drive circuit 112 drives the switching transistor 102 to cut off based on the low-level signal; if the first supply voltage is greater than or equal to a first preset voltage, it is determined that there is a short-circuit fault in the switching transistor 102 or a fault in the drive circuit 112; if the first supply voltage is less than the first preset voltage, it is determined that there is no fault in the switching transistor 102 and the drive circuit 112.

[0171] When the first supply voltage and the drive voltage are respectively the supply voltage when one or both of the analog front-end chip 104 and the microcontroller unit 106 output a low-level signal, and the voltage value at the output terminal of the drive circuit 112, it is necessary for the drive circuit 112 to drive the switching transistor 102 to cut off in order to stop the power supply output from the positive output terminal PACK+ and the negative output terminal PACK- of the energy storage device.

[0172] At this time, if the first supply voltage is greater than or equal to the first preset voltage, obviously the positive output terminal PACK+ and the negative output terminal PACK- of the energy storage device still output power supply. Obviously, the switching transistor 102 is not cut off at this time. Therefore, there is a short-circuit fault in the switching transistor 102 or a fault in the drive circuit 112. If the first supply voltage is less than the first preset voltage, it is considered that the switching transistor 102 is in the cut-off state.

[0173] During this process, after controlling the energy storage device to stop charging and discharging, the analog front-end chip 104 can be used to detect faults in the drive circuit 112 and the switching transistor 102, thereby ensuring the reliability of the control circuit 100 of the energy storage device.

[0174] In one of the embodiments, as Figure 6 shown, the present invention provides an energy storage device 200, including: a battery cell 202; a positive output terminal PACK+, the positive output terminal PACK+ is connected to the positive electrode of the battery cell 202; a negative output terminal PACK-; an inverter 204, connected to the positive output terminal PACK+ and the negative output terminal PACK-; a control circuit 100 of the energy storage device as described in any one of the above, and the control circuit 100 of the energy storage device is respectively connected to the negative output terminal PACK- and the negative electrode of the battery cell 202.

[0175] In this embodiment, the inverter 204 can convert the direct current in the battery cell 202 into alternating current and output it externally, or can also receive alternating current and convert the alternating current into direct current for storage in the battery cell 202. It can also be connected to a photovoltaic panel to receive the direct current generated by the photovoltaic conversion of the photovoltaic panel and store it in the battery cell 202.

[0176] In one embodiment, the energy storage device may be a household energy storage device or an outdoor portable energy storage device.

[0177] The terms "first" and "second" in the description and claims of this application may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the written description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more. In addition, "and / or" in the description and claims means at least one of the connected objects. The character " / " generally indicates an "or" relationship between the associated objects before and after.

[0178] In the written description of the present invention, it can be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present invention and simplifying the description of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than indicating or implying that the structure, device, or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, these descriptions should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0179] In the written description of the present invention, it can be understood that, except for clear regulations and limitations, the terms "installed", "connected", and "coupled" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection between the two, or an indirect connection between the two through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside the two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0180] In the claims, description, and drawings of the present invention, the description of terms such as "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "specific embodiments", etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In the claims, description, and drawings of the present invention, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or instance. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0181] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A control circuit for an energy storage device, characterized in that, The energy storage device includes a battery cell, a positive output terminal, and a negative output terminal. The positive output terminal is connected to the positive electrode of the battery cell. The positive output terminal and the negative output terminal are used to output a supply voltage. The control circuit of the energy storage device includes: A switching transistor, which connects the negative output terminal and the negative electrode of the battery cell through the switching transistor; An analog front-end chip; A microcontroller unit; An AND gate, the first input terminal of the AND gate is connected to the analog front-end chip, and the second input terminal of the AND gate is connected to the microcontroller unit; when high-level signals are input to the first input terminal and the second input terminal of the AND gate simultaneously, the output terminal of the AND gate outputs a high-level signal; A flip-flop, the input terminal of the flip-flop is connected to the output terminal of the AND gate; A drive circuit, the input terminal of the drive circuit is connected to the output terminal of the flip-flop, and the output terminal of the drive circuit is connected to the control terminal of the switching transistor; Wherein, any one of the analog front-end chip and the microcontroller unit is used to determine an abnormal detection result according to a first comparison result and / or a second comparison result. The first comparison result is the comparison result between a first supply voltage and a first preset voltage. The second comparison result is the comparison result between a drive voltage and a second preset voltage. The first supply voltage and the drive voltage are respectively the supply voltage when the analog front-end chip and the microcontroller unit output level signals, and the voltage value at the output terminal of the drive circuit. The first preset voltage and the second preset voltage are respectively the supply voltage and the voltage value at the output terminal of the drive circuit when the drive circuit and the switching transistor are free of faults; The microcontroller unit is specifically used for: when the first supply voltage and the drive voltage are respectively the supply voltage and the voltage value at the output terminal of the drive circuit when one or both of the analog front-end chip and the microcontroller unit output low-level signals, the drive circuit drives the switching transistor to cut off based on the low-level signal. If the drive voltage is less than the second preset voltage and the first supply voltage is greater than or equal to the first preset voltage, it is determined that the switching transistor has a short-circuit fault; or when the first supply voltage and the drive voltage are respectively the supply voltage and the voltage value at the output terminal of the drive circuit when the analog front-end chip and the microcontroller unit output high-level signals, the drive circuit drives the switching transistor to conduct based on the high-level signal. If the drive voltage is greater than or equal to the second preset voltage and the first supply voltage is less than the first preset voltage, it is determined that the switching transistor has an open-circuit fault.

2. The control circuit of the energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The switching transistor includes a charging switching transistor, the AND gate includes a first AND gate, the flip-flop includes a first flip-flop, the driving circuit includes a first driving circuit, a first input terminal of the first AND gate is connected to a charging signal output terminal of the analog front-end chip, a second input terminal of the first AND gate is connected to a charging signal output terminal of the microcontroller unit, an output terminal of the first AND gate is connected to an input terminal of the first flip-flop, an output terminal of the first flip-flop is connected to an input terminal of the first driving circuit, an output terminal of the first driving circuit is connected to a control terminal of the charging switching transistor, and a clock input terminal of the first flip-flop is connected to the microcontroller unit; and / or The switching transistor includes a discharging switching transistor, the AND gate includes a second AND gate, the flip-flop includes a second flip-flop, the driving circuit includes a second driving circuit, a first input terminal of the second AND gate is connected to a discharging signal output terminal of the analog front-end chip, a second input terminal of the second AND gate is connected to a discharging signal output terminal of the microcontroller unit, an output terminal of the second AND gate is connected to an input terminal of the second flip-flop, an output terminal of the second flip-flop is connected to an input terminal of the second driving circuit, an output terminal of the second driving circuit is connected to a control terminal of the discharging switching transistor, and a clock input terminal of the second flip-flop is connected to the microcontroller unit.

3. The control circuit of the energy storage device according to claim 2, wherein, The control circuit of the energy storage device further includes: A first comparison circuit, a first end of the first comparison circuit is connected to a control terminal of the charging switching transistor, a second end of the first comparison circuit is for inputting the second preset voltage, and a third end of the first comparison circuit is connected to the microcontroller unit; and / or A second comparison circuit, a first end of the second comparison circuit is connected to a control terminal of the discharging switching transistor, a second end of the second comparison circuit is for inputting the second preset voltage, and a third end of the second comparison circuit is connected to the microcontroller unit.

4. The control circuit of the energy storage device according to claim 3, wherein The first comparison circuit includes: A first resistor, a first end of the first resistor is connected to a control terminal of the charging switching transistor; A second resistor, a first end of the second resistor is connected to a second end of the first resistor, and a second end of the second resistor is grounded; A first comparator, a first input terminal of the first comparator is connected to a first end of the second resistor, a second input terminal of the first comparator is for inputting a voltage signal corresponding to the second preset voltage, and an output terminal of the first comparator is connected to the microcontroller unit; and / or The second comparison circuit includes: A third resistor, a first end of the third resistor is connected to a control terminal of the discharging switching transistor; A fourth resistor, a first end of the fourth resistor is connected to a second end of the third resistor, and a second end of the fourth resistor is grounded; A second comparator, a first input terminal of the second comparator is connected to a first end of the fourth resistor, a second input terminal of the second comparator is for inputting a voltage signal corresponding to the second preset voltage, and an output terminal of the second comparator is connected to the microcontroller unit.

5. The control circuit of the energy storage device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The microcontroller is signal - connected to the analog front - end chip, and the microcontroller is further configured to output the first comparison result and / or the second comparison result to the analog front - end chip.

6. The control circuit of the energy storage device according to claim 1, wherein, The control circuit of the energy storage device further includes: A fuse, located between the positive - pole output terminal and the positive pole of the battery cell.

7. The control circuit of the energy storage device according to claim 1, wherein The control circuit of the energy storage device further includes: A first sampling wire, one end of the first sampling wire is connected to the positive - pole output terminal, and the other end of the first sampling wire is connected to the microcontroller, for collecting the first supply voltage; and / or A second sampling wire, one end of the second sampling wire is connected to the positive - pole output terminal, and the other end of the second sampling wire is connected to the analog front - end chip, for collecting the first supply voltage.

8. The control circuit of the energy storage device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The microcontroller is specifically configured to: Obtain the supply voltage and the voltage value at the output terminal of the drive circuit when the microcontroller outputs a high - level signal, so as to obtain the first supply voltage and the drive voltage, where the first supply voltage and the drive voltage are respectively the supply voltage and the voltage value at the output terminal of the drive circuit when the analog front - end chip and the microcontroller output high - level signals, and the drive circuit drives the switch tube to conduct based on the high - level signal; If the drive voltage is less than the second preset voltage, determine that the drive circuit has a fault.

9. The control circuit of the energy storage device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The microcontroller is specifically configured to: Obtain the first supply voltage and the drive voltage, where the first supply voltage and the drive voltage are respectively the supply voltage and the voltage value at the output terminal of the drive circuit when one or both of the analog front - end chip and the microcontroller output low - level signals, and the drive circuit drives the switch tube to cut off based on the low - level signal; If the drive voltage is greater than or equal to the second preset voltage, determine that the drive circuit has a fault.

10. The control circuit of the energy storage device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that The analog front - end chip is used to: Obtain the supply voltage and the voltage value at the output terminal of the drive circuit when the analog front - end chip outputs a high - level signal, so as to obtain the first supply voltage and the drive voltage, where the first supply voltage and the drive voltage are respectively the supply voltage and the voltage value at the output terminal of the drive circuit when the analog front - end chip and the microcontroller output high - level signals, and the drive circuit drives the switch tube to conduct based on the high - level signal; If the first supply voltage is less than the first preset voltage, determine that the switch tube has an open - circuit fault or the drive circuit has a fault; If the first supply voltage is greater than or equal to the first preset voltage, determine that the switch tube and the drive circuit are free of faults.

11. The control circuit of the energy storage device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that The analog front - end chip is used to: Obtain a first supply voltage and the drive voltage. The first supply voltage and the drive voltage are respectively the supply voltage when one or both of the analog front-end chip and the microcontroller unit output a low-level signal, and the voltage value at the output terminal of the drive circuit. The drive circuit drives the switching transistor to cut off based on the low-level signal; If the first supply voltage is greater than or equal to the first preset voltage, determine that there is a short circuit fault in the switching transistor or a fault in the drive circuit; If the first supply voltage is less than the first preset voltage, determine that there is no fault in the switching transistor and the drive circuit.

12. An energy storage device, characterized in that, Comprising: An electric core; A positive output terminal, which is connected to the positive electrode of the electric core; A negative output terminal; An inverter, which is connected to the positive output terminal and the negative output terminal; The control circuit of the energy storage device according to any one of claims 1 to 11, and the control circuit of the energy storage device is respectively connected to the negative output terminal and the negative electrode of the electric core.

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