Processing method of Chinese honey locust rice

Abstract

The invention discloses a processing method of Chinese honey locust rice, and relates to the technical field of agricultural product processing. The processing method comprises the following steps: continuously boiling and airing the Chinese honey locust seeds for three times, picking out the Chinese honey locust seeds which are swelled after absorbing water or are provided with pits on the skin, and drying the Chinese honey locust seeds; and performing seed coat stripping treatment on the dried gleditsia sinensis seeds by using grinding, rubbing and stripping equipment to obtain the gleditsia sinensis rice. According to the method, Chinese honey locust seeds can absorb water and expand in a short time by adopting a short-time multi-time boiling and airing mode, then the Chinese honey locust seeds are subjected to drying treatment, Chinese honey locust seed coats are stripped by utilizing grinding, rubbing and stripping equipment, the Chinese honey locust rice is obtained, the peeling rate can reach 89% or above, the maximum peeling rate can reach about 95%, and the breakage rate is lower than 3%. By adopting a more simplified processing method, the problems of long processing period and tedious flow in the prior art are solved, the peeling efficiency of the Chinese honey locust rice is further improved, and the breakage rate of the peeled Chinese honey locust rice is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural product processing, in particular to a processing method of Gleditsia sinensis rice. Background Art

[0002] Gleditsia sinensis, also known as saponin, is a plant of the genus Gleditsia of the Leguminosae family. The whole body of the Gleditsia sinensis tree is a treasure. The endosperm part of the Gleditsia sinensis seed is called Gleditsia sinensis rice, also known as snow lotus seeds, Gleditsia sinensis essence, etc. It is a high-energy, high-carbohydrate, low-protein, low-fat food. It is rich in plant dietary fiber, amino acids and minerals, and has the effects of expectoration, resuscitation, heat-clearing and summer-heat relief, and laxative, and is a high-value economic crop. Among them, Gleditsia sinensis rice polysaccharide has the functions of anti-oxidation, hypoglycemic and blood lipid, and anti-tumor, and can be applied to the fields of food and pharmaceutical manufacturing. It can also be applied to the manufacturing industries such as papermaking and coatings because Gleditsia sinensis rice polysaccharide has the characteristics of thickening, bonding, and stability. The outer layer of Gleditsia sinensis rice is wrapped with Gleditsia sinensis seed coat. Because Gleditsia sinensis rice is closely combined with Gleditsia sinensis seed coat, it is difficult to peel off. At present, most places realize the peeling of Gleditsia sinensis rice and Gleditsia sinensis seed coat by artificial means. The processing of Gleditsia sinensis rice is purely manual operation, and with the increase of labor costs, the price of Gleditsia sinensis rice continues to rise, and the mechanization of Gleditsia sinensis rice peeling becomes very important.

[0003] CN115518713B discloses a stripping method of Gleditsia sinensis rice, relates to the technical field of Gleditsia sinensis rice processing, it needs to soak Gleditsia sinensis seeds in water for 24-36 hours, then high pressure boiling is carried out to Gleditsia sinensis seeds, then Gleditsia sinensis seeds are put into cold water and cooled to room temperature and then rolled and rubbed and stripped using a stripping device, and finally the stripped Gleditsia sinensis rice is dried. This scheme is through long-term soaking, high pressure boiling and cooling, and then Gleditsia sinensis seeds are rolled and rubbed to strip Gleditsia sinensis rice, and Gleditsia sinensis seeds need to soak for a very long time before the next step of stripping seed coat work can be carried out, and high pressure boiling and cooling are also needed after soaking, and the processing cycle is long and cumbersome. Long-term soaking also extends the cycle of processing Gleditsia sinensis rice, and increases processing cost. Therefore, it is very important to explore a set of Gleditsia sinensis rice processing methods that are easy to operate, have a short processing cycle, and can improve the Gleditsia sinensis seed coat stripping rate at the same time. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a processing method for honey locust rice to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art. The present invention adopts a more simplified processing method, solves the problems of long processing cycle and complicated process in the prior art, further improves the peeling efficiency of honey locust rice, and reduces the breakage rate of peeled honey locust rice.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0006] The present invention provides a method for processing honey locust rice, comprising the following steps:

[0007] The soapberry seeds are boiled and air-dried three times in succession, and the soapberry seeds that have absorbed water and expanded or have depressions on the surface are picked out for drying;

[0008] The dried soapberry seeds are subjected to seed coat peeling treatment by using a grinding and rubbing peeling device to obtain the soapberry rice.

[0009] Furthermore, each cooking time is 3 to 7 minutes; each airing time is 1 to 3 hours.

[0010] Furthermore, each cooking time is 5 minutes; each airing time is 2 hours.

[0011] Furthermore, the air-drying is performed in a sealed air-drying manner.

[0012] Furthermore, the drying temperature is 60-100° C. and the drying time is 4-8 hours.

[0013] Furthermore, the drying temperature is 70-90° C. and the drying time is 5-7 hours.

[0014] Furthermore, the drying temperature is 80° C. and the drying time is 6 hours.

[0015] The present invention discloses the following technical effects:

[0016] 1. The method adopts a method of multiple boiling and air-drying in a short time, so that the soapberry seeds can absorb water and swell in a short time, and then undergo drying treatment, and then use a grinding and rubbing peeling device to peel the soapberry seed coat to obtain the soapberry rice, the peeling rate can reach more than 89%, up to about 95%, and the breakage rate is less than 3%.

[0017] 2. In the processing method of sapodilla rice proposed by the present invention, mature and dried sapodilla seeds can be directly used in the preliminary treatment of sapodilla rice peeling, without the need for treatment such as breaking the tip or scratching the seed coat, and the operation is simple and convenient.

[0018] 3. The method of the present invention is used to process the honey locust rice without adding any treatment agent and eliminating the problem of agent residue.

[0019] 4. Compared with manual peeling of honey locust rice, the method of the present invention can realize full mechanized assembly line operation with higher efficiency.

[0020] 5. The present invention adopts a more simplified processing method, which solves the problems of long processing cycle and complicated process in the prior art, further improves the peeling efficiency of the honey locust rice, and reduces the breakage rate of the peeled honey locust rice. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the swelling of the soapberry seeds due to water absorption or the depression in the middle;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the corresponding conditions of the depuration coefficient of the seed coat of Gleditsia sinensis seeds;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a comparison diagram of the effect of the honey locust rice peeled according to the method of the present invention and the traditional manual peeling;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the state where the endosperm bursts out after the soapberry seeds absorb excessive water;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the state of the cracks that appear on the surface of the sapodilla seeds when they are boiled for the first time;

[0027] Figure 6 This is the state diagram of Gleditsia sinensis seeds baked at 80℃ for 6h;

[0028] Figure 7 This is the state diagram of Gleditsia sinensis seeds baked at 90℃ for different time periods;

[0029] Figure 8 This is a diagram of the states of soapberry seeds baked at 100℃ for different times. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] Various exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail. This detailed description should not be considered as limiting the present invention, but should be understood as a more detailed description of certain aspects, features, and embodiments of the present invention.

[0031] It should be understood that the terms described in the present invention are only for describing a particular embodiment and are not intended to limit the present invention. In addition, for the numerical range in the present invention, it should be understood that each intermediate value between the upper and lower limits of the scope is also specifically disclosed. The intermediate value in any stated value or stated range, and each smaller range between any other stated value or intermediate value in the described range is also included in the present invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges can be independently included or excluded in the scope.

[0032] Unless otherwise indicated, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meanings as those generally understood by those skilled in the art. Although the present invention describes only preferred methods and materials, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein may also be used in the implementation or testing of the present invention. All documents mentioned in this specification are incorporated by reference to disclose and describe the methods and / or materials associated with the documents. In the event of a conflict with any incorporated document, the content of this specification shall prevail.

[0033] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations may be made to the specific embodiments of the present invention description without departing from the scope or spirit of the present invention. Other embodiments derived from the present invention description will be apparent to those skilled in the art. The present invention description and examples are exemplary only.

[0034] The words “include,” “including,” “have,” “contain,” etc. used in this document are open-ended terms, meaning including but not limited to.

[0035] The grinding and rubbing peeling equipment used in the following embodiments or comparative examples has been disclosed in Chinese patent CN202211072064.3.

[0036] The air-drying referred to in the present invention refers to the process of natural cooling after the cooking is completed.

[0037] Example 1

[0038] The method boils and air-dries the soapberry seeds three times to make the soapberry seeds absorb water and then dry them. After the soapberry seeds are dried until the water content is less than 10%, a grinding and peeling device is used to peel the soapberry seed coat to obtain peeled soapberry rice.

[0039] The present invention is critical to the water absorption of the honey locust seeds. Excessive water absorption will cause the honey locust endosperm to burst out in a gelatinous state (such as Figure 4 ), the seed coat and the honey locust rice are adhered; if the water absorption is too little, the seed coat and the honey locust rice cannot be separated, which affects the peeling effect.

[0040] The control of baking temperature and baking time is critical in the drying process. Too high baking temperature will cause the soapberry seeds to become burnt and carbonized or the soapberry rice to become scorched, and the internal nutrients will be lost and unusable; too low baking temperature will have little effect on the drying process or the time required will be too long.

[0041] In order to effectively peel the honey locust seeds, the present invention screens the cooking time and air-drying time of the honey locust seeds, as well as the drying temperature and drying time of the honey locust seeds, which are specifically described as follows:

[0042] 1. Screening of cooking time and air-drying time of sapodilla seeds

[0043] Take mature, plump, disease-free or mildew-free soapberry seeds, add 5 times the volume of water (relative to the soapberry seeds), and cook for the first time. After the water boils, cook for 3, 5 and 7 minutes respectively. After cooking, seal and let air-dry for 1, 2 and 3 hours respectively. The probability of soapberry seeds swelling or having depressions on the surface after boiling once and letting air-dry is counted, and the results are shown in Table 1. The results show that after the first boiling, after leaving air-dry for 3 hours, only a small number of seeds will swell or have depressions on the surface. Pick out the soapberry seeds that have swollen or have depressions on the surface, and continue to cook the remaining soapberry seeds for the second time. The schematic diagram of soapberry seeds that swell or have depressions on the surface is shown in Figure 1 .

[0044] After the first cooking, it was found that since the seed coat of soapberry seeds is very hard, it is difficult for them to absorb water and swell or have depressions on the surface even if the cooking time and air-drying time are extended. After testing, no water absorption was observed after the first cooking for 1 hour. Only a small amount of soapberry seeds absorbed water 4 to 6 hours after the first cooking. Therefore, it is difficult to achieve the water absorption effect with a single cooking and air-drying. Figure 5 It shows the cracks that appear on the surface of the soapberry seeds when they are cooked for the first time.

[0045] Table 1 The probability (%) of swelling or depression on the surface of Gleditsia sinensis seeds after the first cooking and airing

[0046]

[0047] Take the first 5-minute boiling and 2-hour airing of the soapberry seeds that did not expand or have depressions on the surface, and boil them for the second time. The second boiling time was set to 3, 5, and 7 minutes, and they were aired for 1, 2, and 3 hours respectively. The probability of swelling or depressions on the surface of the soapberry seeds after boiling twice and airing was counted, and the results are shown in Table 2. The results show that when boiling for more than 5 minutes and airing for 1 hour during the second boiling, a small part of the soapberry seeds will absorb water after being aired for 1 hour; when aired for 2 hours, about 20% of the soapberry seeds will absorb water, and after airing for 3 hours, nearly 30% of the soapberry seeds will absorb water. Considering the boiling time and airing time, the boiling time is 5 minutes and airing for 2 hours.

[0048] Table 2 Probability (%) of swelling or depression on the surface of Gleditsia sinensis seeds after being boiled twice and left to air

[0049]

[0050] The soapberry seeds that did not swell or have depressions on the surface after the second cooking for 5 minutes and airing for 2 hours were cooked for the third time. The cooking time for the third time was set to 3, 5 and 7 minutes, and they were aired for 1, 2 and 3 hours respectively after cooking. The probability of swelling or depressions on the surface of the soapberry seeds after three cookings and airing was counted, and the results are shown in Table 3. The results show that after the third cooking and airing, more than 90% of the soapberry seeds have absorbed water and swelled or have depressions on the surface, and they are fished out and dried.

[0051] Taking all factors into consideration, the third cooking time is preferably 5 minutes, and the air-drying time is preferably 2 hours. For the sapodilla seeds that have not absorbed water after three cooking and air-drying, it can be considered to continue air-drying until all the water is absorbed and expanded or there is a depression on the surface.

[0052] Based on the above considerations, the cooking time and air-drying time of the honey locust seeds can be selected as follows: the first two times of cooking are 5 minutes, and the air-drying time is 2 hours. After the third time of cooking is 5 minutes, the honey locust seeds are air-dried until all the water is absorbed.

[0053] Table 3 Probability (%) of swelling or depression on the surface of Gleditsia sinensis seeds after three cookings and airing

[0054]

[0055] 2. Screening of drying temperature and drying time of Gleditsia sinensis seeds:

[0056] Take mature, plump, disease-free or mildew-free soapberry seeds, add 5 times the volume of water (relative to the soapberry seeds), and boil them for the first time. After the water boils, boil them for 5 minutes. After boiling, seal and let them air-dry for 2 hours. After air-drying, remove the soapberry seeds that have absorbed water and expanded or have depressions on the surface. Continue to boil and air-dry the remaining soapberry seeds for the second and third times. After completion, they can be removed and dried.

[0057] After being boiled and air-dried, the honey locust seeds are dried at 60, 70, 80, 90 and 100°C, respectively, and the drying time is set to 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8 hours, respectively. After the honey locust seeds are dried, the honey locust seed coat is peeled off using a grinding and rubbing peeling device to obtain peeled honey locust rice. The honey locust rice peeled by the machine and manually peeled is as follows Figure 3 shown.

[0058] The seed shell removal rate of Gleditsia sinensis seed coat and the breakage rate of Gleditsia sinensis rice were statistically analyzed, and the results are shown in Tables 4 and 5.

[0059] S: represents the seed husk removal rate of the honey locust seed coat. The specific calculation method is:

[0060]

[0061] K j W is the seed shell removal coefficient; i The samples used in the experiment.

[0062] Refer to GB / T5982-2017 "Thresher Test Method" and according to the situation of obtaining sapodilla rice in the test of grinding and peeling equipment, such as Figure 2 As shown, five types of seed shell removal coefficients K are set j , where K1=1: no obvious seed shell residue; K2=0.8: the seed shell residue area accounts for less than 1 / 2 of the area of ​​the soapberry rice; K3=0.6: the seed shell residue area accounts for 1 / 2 of the soapberry rice; K4=0.4: the seed shell residue area accounts for more than 1 / 2 of the soapberry rice; K5=0.2: no obvious seed shell shedding.

[0063] Table 4 Seed husk removal rate S (%) of dried Gleditsia sinensis seeds

[0064]

[0065] The state of Gleditsia sinensis seeds baked at 80℃ for 6h is shown in Figure 6 , the state of baking at 90℃ for different time is shown in Figure 7 , the state of baking at 100℃ for different time is shown in Figure 8 .

[0066] The experiment found that when the drying temperature was 60°C, the temperature setting was low, and the moisture content was still high after drying for 6 hours, and the peeling standard could not be reached. When baked at 60°C for 10h, the seed shell removal rate reached 71.8%, and the soapberry seeds were difficult to dry thoroughly and the time consumed was too long, and the effect was not good. When the temperature was set to 100°C, some soapberry rice would be coked and the peeling effect would be poor. The preferred drying temperature was 70-90°C, and the more preferred drying temperature was 80°C. The drying time was negatively correlated with the drying temperature. When the drying time was 4h, only 80°C, 90°C, and 100°C could meet the peeling standard; when the baking time was 8h, no coking occurred at 60, 70, and 80°C. The soapberry rice peeled under 90°C baking had partial coking or the seed coat was seriously adhered to the soapberry rice, and the peeling effect could not be achieved. The peeling effect was worse and the coking would be more serious when baked at 100°C for 8h, and the breakage rate increased, affecting the quality of soapberry rice. Therefore, the baking time is preferably 5-7h, and more preferably 6h.

[0067] Table 5 The breaking rate of honey locust seeds when the honey locust seed coat is peeled off after drying (%)

[0068]

[0069] From the breakage rate of soapberry rice when the soapberry seed coat is peeled off in Table 5, at 60, 90 and 100°C, a higher breakage rate appeared when the drying time exceeded 7h, indicating that both too low and too high temperatures will lead to breakage of the soapberry rice when peeling. At a temperature of 70-90°C, the breakage rate is lower within a shorter drying time and can be maintained within 3%. More preferably, the baking temperature is 80°C.

[0070] In summary, the preliminary treatment method of the grinding, rubbing and peeling equipment for the soapberry rice specifically comprises the following steps: boiling and air-drying the soapberry seeds three times in a row, each time for 3 to 7 minutes (preferably 5 minutes), sealing and air-drying for 1 to 3 hours (preferably 2 hours); after three consecutive boiling and air-drying, picking out the soapberry seeds that have absorbed water and expanded or have depressions on the surface for drying, the drying conditions being 70 to 100° C. for 4 to 8 hours (preferably 70 to 90° C. for 5 to 7 hours; more preferably 80° C. for 6 hours); taking the dried soapberry seeds and putting them into the grinding, rubbing and peeling equipment for processing to obtain the soapberry rice.

[0071] Example 2

[0072] Take plump, pest-free and mildew-free soapberry seeds, put them in a container, add 5 times the volume of water (relative to the soapberry seeds), start cooking, start timing after the water boils, and after the first cooking for 3 minutes, turn off the heat, seal and let it air-dry for 1 hour.

[0073] The soapberry seeds were boiled for a second time for 3 minutes and then sealed and air-dried for 1 hour.

[0074] The sapodilla seeds were boiled for a third time for 3 minutes and then sealed and air-dried for 1 hour.

[0075] After the third airing, remove the soapberry seeds that have swollen due to water absorption or have depressions on the surface, and place them in an oven to dry at 90°C for 5 hours.

[0076] The dried honey locust seeds were peeled off by using a grinding and rubbing peeling device to obtain honey locust rice. The peeling rate of the honey locust rice in this embodiment reached 85.6%, and the breakage rate was 2%.

[0077] Example 3

[0078] Take plump, pest-free and mildew-free soapberry seeds, put them in a container, add 5 times the volume of water (relative to the soapberry seeds), start cooking, start timing after the water boils, and after the first cooking for 5 minutes, turn off the heat, seal and let it air-dry for 2 hours.

[0079] The sapodilla seeds were boiled for a second time for 5 minutes and then sealed and air-dried for 2 hours.

[0080] The sapodilla seeds were boiled for a third time for 5 minutes and then sealed and air-dried for 2 hours.

[0081] After the third airing, remove the soapberry seeds that have swollen due to water absorption or have depressions on the surface, and place them in an oven to dry at 80°C for 6 hours.

[0082] The dried honey locust seeds were peeled off by using a grinding and rubbing peeling device to obtain honey locust rice. The peeling rate of the honey locust rice in this embodiment reached 90.0%, and the breakage rate was 1%.

[0083] Example 4

[0084] Take plump, pest-free and mildew-free soapberry seeds, put them in a container, add 4 times the volume of water (relative to the soapberry seeds), start cooking, start timing after the water boils, and after the first cooking for 7 minutes, turn off the heat, seal and let dry for 3 hours.

[0085] The sapodilla seeds were boiled for a second time for 7 minutes and then sealed and air-dried for 3 hours.

[0086] The sapodilla seeds were boiled for a third time for 7 minutes and then sealed and air-dried for 3 hours.

[0087] After the third airing, remove the soapberry seeds that have swollen due to water absorption or have depressions on the surface, and place them in an oven to dry at 70°C for 8 hours.

[0088] The dried honey locust seeds are peeled off by using a grinding and rubbing peeling device to obtain honey locust rice. The peeling rate of the honey locust rice in this embodiment reaches 90.0%, and the breakage rate is 2%.

[0089] Comparative Example 1

[0090] A: Take the full, pest-free and mildew-free soapberry seeds and place them in a water bath at 95°C.

[0091] B: When the soapberry seeds in the water bath absorb water and swell or when depressions appear on the surface, take them out and dry them at 80°C for 6 hours.

[0092] C: After drying, the skin is peeled using a grinding and rubbing peeling device to obtain soapberry rice.

[0093] This comparative example is to verify that the untreated soapberry seeds can still absorb water and expand or have depressions on the surface in a continuous high-temperature water bath. However, experiments have shown that this method of treating the soapberry seeds in a continuous water bath to allow them to absorb water is feasible, but it takes too long. After 6 hours in the water bath, only about 20% of the soapberry seeds have completed water absorption, and after 8 hours in the water bath, half of the soapberry seeds have completed water absorption. It consumes too much time and energy, and for cost considerations, this method is abandoned.

[0094] The embodiments described above are only descriptions of the preferred modes of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field should all fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for processing Gleditsia sinensis rice, It is characterized in that The following steps are involved: The soapberry seeds are boiled and air-dried three times in succession, and the soapberry seeds that have absorbed water and expanded or have depressions on the surface are picked out for drying; The dried soapberry seeds are subjected to seed coat peeling treatment by using a grinding and rubbing peeling device to obtain the soapberry rice.

2. The processing method according to claim 1, It is characterized in that Each cooking time is 3 to 7 minutes; each airing time is 1 to 3 hours.

3. The processing method according to claim 2, It is characterized in that Each cooking time is 5 minutes; each airing time is 2 hours.

4. The processing method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, It is characterized in that The air-drying method is a sealed air-drying method.

5. The processing method according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The drying temperature is 60-100° C. and the drying time is 4-8 hours.

6. The processing method according to claim 5, It is characterized in that The drying temperature is 70-90° C. and the drying time is 5-7 hours.

7. The processing method according to claim 6, It is characterized in that The drying temperature is 80° C. and the drying time is 6 hours.

Images