Weight-reducing synergistic microbial fertilizer and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of microbial fertilizers, and particularly discloses a weight-losing synergistic microbial fertilizer and a preparation method thereof. The weight-reducing synergistic microbial fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20 to 35 parts of chicken manure, 14 to 19 parts of biochar, 7 to 12 parts of a compound microbial agent, 3 to 5 parts of diatomite, 27 to 36 parts of an organic material and 4 to 6 parts of humic acid, the compound microbial agent is prepared from bacillus subtilis powder, bacillus licheniformis powder and bacillus mucilaginosus powder; the organic material comprises nitrogen-fixing bacteria, sodium alginate and nutrient element filler. The weight-losing synergistic microbial fertilizer provided by the invention has a stable action effect, can effectively improve the soil environment, and realizes weight-losing synergism.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of microbial fertilizers, and more specifically, to a weight-loss and efficiency-enhancing microbial fertilizer and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the growth of the world's population and the limited arable land resources, improving the yield and quality of crops has become an important issue in agricultural production. As an important means to increase crop yields, chemical fertilizers have played a huge role in agricultural production for a long time. With the continuous improvement of agricultural production technology and the large-scale investment of mineral fertilizers, namely chemical fertilizers, the contribution of chemical fertilizers to crop yields in my country has reached the turning point of the law of diminishing returns mentioned in plant nutrition, and the contribution of chemical fertilizers to crop yields has entered a bottleneck period. In addition, the large-scale use of chemical fertilizers has caused a certain degree of damage to cultivated soil, such as soil compaction, reduced organic matter, reduced microorganisms in the soil, and increased soil-borne diseases. Therefore, the development of new high-quality fertilizers to achieve weight loss and efficiency has become an important direction for the development of modern agriculture.

[0003] As a new type of biological fertilizer, microbial fertilizer utilizes the life activities of microorganisms and their metabolites to decompose minerals in the soil that cannot be absorbed by plant roots, turning them into mineral nutrients that can be absorbed and utilized by plant roots, promoting crop growth, improving soil structure and increasing soil fertility. It can also inhibit the harm of bacteria and pathogens in the soil to crop roots. It is a new type of fertilizer that fully utilizes the mineral resources in the soil and is harmless to the environment. It is a high-quality fertilizer that can achieve weight loss and efficiency improvement and produce green crops.

[0004] With respect to the above-mentioned related technologies, the inventors found that the effects of microbial fertilizers in the prior art are affected by many factors, such as soil conditions, climate conditions, crop types, etc., which result in poor survival of microbial fertilizers, slow reproduction speed, and unstable effects, affecting people's confidence in the use of microbial fertilizers. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to improve the effect and stability of microbial fertilizers, the present application provides a weight-reducing and efficiency-enhancing microbial fertilizer and a preparation method thereof.

[0006] In the first aspect, the present application provides a weight-loss and efficiency-enhancing microbial fertilizer, which adopts the following technical solution: A weight-loss and efficiency-enhancing microbial fertilizer, wherein the raw materials include, by weight, 20-35 parts of chicken manure, 14-19 parts of biochar, 7-12 parts of composite microbial agents, 3-5 parts of diatomaceous earth, 27-36 parts of organic materials and 4-6 parts of humic acid; The composite microbial agent comprises Bacillus subtilis powder, Bacillus licheniformis powder and Bacillus jelly powder in a mass ratio of (2-5):(1.2-3.3):(0.8-1.3); The organic material comprises nitrogen-fixing bacteria, sodium alginate and nutrient element filler in a mass ratio of 1:(2.8-3.6).

[0007] By adopting the above technical scheme, the metabolites of Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis contain a variety of antibacterial substances, which can inhibit the growth and metabolism of harmful microorganisms in the soil, reduce the occurrence of soil-borne diseases, enhance the immune regulation of crops, and improve the resistance of crops to diseases. The gelatinous Bacillus can decompose the insoluble phosphorus, potassium and other elements in the soil, convert them into forms that can be absorbed and utilized by plants, increase the effective nutrient content in the soil, and when the gelatinous Bacillus reproduces and grows in the soil, it can produce a variety of physiologically active substances, such as gibberellins, cytokinins, etc., which can effectively promote crop nutrient absorption and growth metabolism, and improve crop yield and quality.

[0008] As soil probiotics, Bacillus subtilis focuses more on the antibacterial effect of soil; Bacillus licheniformis powder can adjust the imbalance of soil flora and the biological oxygen-deprivation mechanism; and Bacillus gelatinus powder performs outstandingly in crop nutrient absorption and growth metabolism. The three can work together to significantly improve the soil environment, provide better soil conditions for crop growth, enhance crop's ability to absorb fertilizers, improve fertilizer utilization, and reduce nutrient loss.

[0009] As a natural polysaccharide, sodium alginate has good film-forming and adhesion properties. It can form a protective film on the surface of microbial fertilizers to isolate the direct impact of adverse external environments such as high temperature, dryness, and harmful chemicals on internal microorganisms, increase soil water retention and air permeability, and provide a more suitable living environment for microorganisms. Sodium alginate can enhance the stress resistance of nitrogen-fixing bacteria in fertilizers, jointly promote the balance and stability of soil ecosystems, improve the nitrogen-fixing efficiency of nitrogen-fixing bacteria, and improve the overall effect of fertilizers, so that they can better serve agricultural production.

[0010] Optionally, the composite microbial agent has a structure in which a core material is wrapped by a wall material, and the raw material of the wall material includes γ-aminobutyric acid.

[0011] By adopting the above technical scheme, the composite microbial agent is prepared into a microcapsule structure with a wall material wrapping a core material, which can effectively protect the microbial agent, form a protective barrier, and reduce the adverse effects of adverse external environments such as temperature changes, ultraviolet radiation, and pH fluctuations on the microbial agent, so that the activity of the microbial agent is maintained, and the agent can quickly colonize and play a role in the soil after application, thereby improving the survival rate and stability of microorganisms in fertilizers and improving the utilization efficiency of fertilizers.

[0012] As the wall material of microbial agents, γ-aminobutyric acid can achieve the slow release of microorganisms and their metabolites, making the agents act longer in the soil and have a more lasting effect. It can act as an inhibitory neurotransmitter and can promote the growth of plants by microbial fertilizers by regulating the metabolic activities of microorganisms, thereby improving the soil improvement and weight loss and efficiency-enhancing effects of microbial fertilizers.

[0013] Optionally, the preparation method of the composite microbial agent comprises the following steps: S1: mixing Bacillus subtilis powder, Bacillus licheniformis powder and Bacillus jelly powder with a chitosan solution having a concentration of 1.5-2.5wt% at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:(1-1.5), and stirring to form a suspension as a core material solution; S2: Take γ-aminobutyric acid and stir and mix it with 1.5-2.5wt% sodium alginate solution in a solid-liquid ratio of 1:(3-6) to form a turbid liquid, thereby forming a wall material solution; S3: Prepare 5-8% CaCl2 solution as receiving liquid, pass the core material solution and the wall material solution into the microfluidic chip respectively, form micro droplets in the chip through microfluidic technology, and then collect them in CaCl2 solution to solidify, and obtain them after centrifugation.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, the formation of microdroplets can be accurately controlled through microfluidic technology, so that the microbial agent is evenly encapsulated, thereby improving the production efficiency and quality of the composite microbial agent.

[0015] Optionally, the flow rate of the core material solution is 100-120 mL / h, and the flow rate of the wall material solution is 180-200 mL / h.

[0016] Optionally, the nitrogen-fixing bacteria is selected from any one of brown nitrogen-fixing bacteria and round brown nitrogen-fixing bacteria, or a combination of the two.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, brown nitrogen-fixing bacteria and round brown nitrogen-fixing bacteria, as efficient nitrogen-fixing microorganisms, can directly utilize nitrogen in the air and convert it into ammonia nitrogen that can be absorbed by plants, reducing the use of chemical fertilizers and improving the effectiveness of microbial fertilizers.

[0018] Optionally, the organic material further comprises superphosphate, urea and potassium sulfate in a mass ratio of (2-3):(1-1.5):1, and the total mass of superphosphate, urea and potassium sulfate is 1.2-2 times the mass of the sodium alginate.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, the addition of superphosphate, urea and potassium sulfate supplements the various nutrient elements required by crops and improves the comprehensive performance of the fertilizer.

[0020] Optionally, the biochar is selected from any one or more combinations of wood charcoal, rice straw charcoal, wheat straw charcoal, and corn stalk charcoal.

[0021] In a second aspect, the present application provides a method for preparing a weight-loss and efficiency-enhancing microbial fertilizer, using the following technical solution: A method for preparing a weight-reducing and efficiency-enhancing microbial fertilizer comprises the following steps: S1: Mix chicken manure, biochar, composite microbial agent and diatomaceous earth with water at a solid-liquid ratio of 1: (2-2.5), place in a semi-closed fermentation tank, stir and ferment for 10-15 days to obtain a fermentation liquid; S2: adding organic materials and humic acid to the fermentation liquid, stirring evenly, drying, grinding components, and sieving to obtain.

[0022] In summary, this application has the following beneficial effects: 1. The present application uniquely microencapsulates the composite microbial agent and introduces γ-aminobutyric acid into the wall material of the microencapsulated composite microbial agent, which can form a protective barrier, effectively protect the microbial agent, and reduce the adverse effects of the external adverse environment on the microbial agent, thereby improving the survival rate and stability of the microbial agent, making it play a more stable effect in the microbial fertilizer and improving the overall effectiveness of the fertilizer.

[0023] 2. The organic materials of the present application are added with nitrogen-fixing bacteria and sodium alginate. Sodium alginate provides nutrients for the growth and reproduction of nitrogen-fixing bacteria, and forms a viscous protection system in the microbial fertilizer, thereby improving the soil environment, enhancing the soil's ability to retain water and fertilizer, and enhancing the stress resistance of nitrogen-fixing bacteria, thereby effectively promoting the nitrogen fixation efficiency of nitrogen-fixing bacteria. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The following examples further illustrate the present application in detail.

[0025] Unless otherwise specified, the raw materials used in the preparation examples, embodiments and comparative examples in this application are all commercially available products, specifically: Chicken manure is obtained by rolling and naturally drying chicken manure from farmers; Bacillus subtilis powder, selected from Yihao Biological, activity ≥ 100 billion CFU / g; Bacillus licheniformis powder, selected from Yihao Biological, activity ≥ 100 billion CFU / g; Jelly-like Bacillus powder, selected from true microorganisms, with activity ≥ 10 billion CFU / g; Diatomaceous earth, selected from Xinxu Mine, tfs120; Humic acid, selected from Kunming Chemical, 01 agricultural grade; γ-aminobutyric acid, selected from Century Weikang, CAS No.: 56-12-2; Brown nitrogen-fixing bacteria, selected from the group consisting of glaucophytes, HZB115082; Round brown nitrogen-fixing bacteria, selected from the gray algae organisms, HZB115787; Wood charcoal, rice straw charcoal and wheat straw charcoal are all selected from Houchang Environmental Protection Technology, 150-200 mesh, made from sawdust, corn, rice, wheat straw, etc.

[0026] Preparation Example 1 The composite microbial agent has a structure in which the wall material wraps the core material, the core material raw materials include Bacillus subtilis powder, Bacillus licheniformis powder and Bacillus jelly powder and chitosan in a mass ratio of 2:1.2:1.3, and the wall material raw materials include γ-aminobutyric acid and sodium alginate; The preparation method of the composite microbial agent comprises the following steps: S1: mixing Bacillus subtilis powder, Bacillus licheniformis powder and Bacillus jelly powder with a chitosan solution having a concentration of 1.5 wt % at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:1.5, and stirring to form a suspension as a core material solution; S2: Take γ-aminobutyric acid and stir and mix it with 1.7wt% sodium alginate solution at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:4 to form a turbid liquid, thereby forming a wall material solution; S3: Prepare 6% CaCl2 solution as the receiving liquid, and pass the core material solution at a flow rate of 120 mL / h and the wall material solution at a flow rate of 180 mL / h into the microfluidic chip respectively. Use the microfluidic technology to use airflow as the driving phase and the shearing effect of the airflow to form microdroplets in the chip. Then collect them in the CaCl2 solution and solidify for 40 minutes, and obtain them after centrifugation.

[0027] Preparation Example 2 The composite microbial agent has a structure in which the core material is wrapped by the wall material, the core material raw materials include Bacillus subtilis powder, Bacillus licheniformis powder and Bacillus jelly powder and chitosan in a mass ratio of 4:2.5:0.8, and the wall material raw materials include γ-aminobutyric acid and sodium alginate; The preparation method of the composite microbial agent comprises the following steps: S1: mixing Bacillus subtilis powder, Bacillus licheniformis powder and Bacillus jelly powder with a 2 wt % chitosan solution at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:1, and stirring to form a suspension as a core material solution; S2: Take γ-aminobutyric acid and stir and mix it with 1.5wt% sodium alginate solution at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:6 to form a turbid liquid, thereby forming a wall material solution; S3: Prepare 5% CaCl2 solution as the receiving liquid, and pass the core material solution at a flow rate of 100 mL / h and the wall material solution at a flow rate of 180 mL / h into the microfluidic chip respectively. Use the airflow as the driving phase through microfluidic technology and utilize the shearing effect of the airflow to form microdroplets in the chip. Then collect them in the CaCl2 solution and solidify for 40 minutes, and obtain them after centrifugation.

[0028] Preparation Example 3 The composite microbial agent has a structure in which the wall material wraps the core material, the core material raw materials include Bacillus subtilis powder, Bacillus licheniformis powder and Bacillus jelly powder and chitosan in a mass ratio of 3:3.3:1, and the wall material raw materials include γ-aminobutyric acid and sodium alginate; The preparation method of the composite microbial agent comprises the following steps: S1: mixing Bacillus subtilis powder, Bacillus licheniformis powder and Bacillus jelly powder with a chitosan solution having a concentration of 1.7 wt % at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:1.4, and stirring to form a suspension as a core material solution; S2: Take γ-aminobutyric acid and stir and mix it with 2 wt % sodium alginate solution at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:4 to form a turbid liquid, thereby forming a wall material solution; S3: Prepare 8% CaCl2 solution as the receiving liquid, and pass the core material solution at a flow rate of 120 mL / h and the wall material solution at a flow rate of 190 mL / h into the microfluidic chip respectively. Use the airflow as the driving phase through microfluidic technology and utilize the shearing effect of the airflow to form microdroplets in the chip. Then collect them in the CaCl2 solution and solidify for 40 minutes, and obtain them after centrifugation.

[0029] Preparation Example 4 The composite microbial agent has a structure in which the wall material wraps the core material, the core material raw materials include Bacillus subtilis powder, Bacillus licheniformis powder and Bacillus jelly powder and chitosan in a mass ratio of 5:1.8:1.2, and the wall material raw materials include γ-aminobutyric acid and sodium alginate; The preparation method of the composite microbial agent comprises the following steps: S1: Bacillus subtilis powder, Bacillus licheniformis powder and Bacillus jelly powder are mixed with a chitosan solution having a concentration of 2.3 wt % at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:1.2, and stirred to form a suspension as a core material solution; S2: Take γ-aminobutyric acid and stir and mix it with 2.5wt% sodium alginate solution at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:3 to form a turbid liquid, thereby forming a wall material solution; S3: Prepare 5% CaCl2 solution as the receiving liquid, and pass the core material solution at a flow rate of 120 mL / h and the wall material solution at 200 mL / h into the microfluidic chip respectively. Use the microfluidic technology to use airflow as the driving phase and the shearing effect of the airflow to form microdroplets in the chip. Then collect them in the CaCl2 solution and solidify for 40 minutes, and then centrifuge to obtain the result.

[0030] Preparation Example 5 The composite microbial agent is different from Preparation Example 1 in that the Bacillus licheniformis powder and the Bacillus jelly powder in the raw materials are replaced with Bacillus subtilis powder of equal mass, and the other steps are the same as Preparation Example 1.

[0031] Preparation Example 6 The composite microbial agent is different from Preparation Example 1 in that the Bacillus subtilis powder and the Bacillus licheniformis powder in the raw materials are replaced with an equal mass of jelly-like Bacillus powder, and the other steps are the same as Preparation Example 1.

[0032] Preparation Example 7 The composite microbial agent is different from Preparation Example 1 in that the Bacillus subtilis powder and the Bacillus jelly powder in the raw materials are replaced with an equal mass of Bacillus licheniformis powder, and the other steps are the same as Preparation Example 1. Example

[0033] Example 1

[0034] A weight-loss and synergistic microbial fertilizer, wherein the raw materials and amounts are shown in Table 1, wherein the composite microbial agent is obtained from Preparation Example 1, the organic material comprises brown nitrogen-fixing bacteria, sodium alginate and nutrient element filler in a mass ratio of 1:3:5, the nutrient element filler comprises superphosphate, urea and potassium sulfate in a mass ratio of 2:1:1; the biochar is selected from wood charcoal; Table 1 Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Example 4 Chicken manure / Kg 25 20 35 30 Biochar / Kg 15 17 14 19 Composite microbial agent / Kg 10 7 12 11 Diatomaceous earth / Kg 5 3 4 4 Organic materials / Kg 30 27 36 32 Humic acid / Kg 5 4 6 5 The method for preparing the above-mentioned weight-reducing and efficiency-enhancing microbial fertilizer comprises the following steps: S1: chicken manure, biochar, composite microbial agent and diatomaceous earth were mixed with water at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:2.5, placed in a semi-closed fermentation tank, stirred and turned by a mechanical stirrer, and fermented for 13 days to obtain a fermentation liquid; S2: adding organic materials and humic acid to the fermentation liquid, stirring evenly, drying, grinding components, and sieving to obtain.

[0035] Example 2

[0036] A weight-loss and synergistic microbial fertilizer, which is different from Example 1 in that the raw materials and their amounts are as shown in Table 1, wherein the organic material comprises round brown nitrogen-fixing bacteria, sodium alginate and nutrient element filler in a mass ratio of 1:2.8:6, the nutrient element filler comprises superphosphate, urea and potassium sulfate in a mass ratio of 3:1:1; the biochar is selected from rice straw charcoal; The method for preparing the above-mentioned weight-reducing and efficiency-enhancing microbial fertilizer comprises the following steps: S1: chicken manure, biochar, composite microbial agent and diatomaceous earth were mixed with water at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:2.5, placed in a semi-closed fermentation tank, stirred and turned by a mechanical stirrer, and fermented for 10 days to obtain a fermentation liquid; S2: adding organic materials and humic acid to the fermentation liquid, stirring evenly, drying, grinding components, and sieving to obtain.

[0037] Example 3

[0038] A weight-loss and synergistic microbial fertilizer, which is different from Example 1 in that the raw materials and their amounts are as shown in Table 1, wherein the organic material comprises brown nitrogen-fixing bacteria, sodium alginate and nutrient element filler in a mass ratio of 1:3.2:8, the nutrient element filler comprises superphosphate, urea and potassium sulfate in a mass ratio of 2.5:1.5:1; the biochar is wheat straw charcoal; The method for preparing the above-mentioned weight-reducing and efficiency-enhancing microbial fertilizer comprises the following steps: S1: chicken manure, biochar, composite microbial agent and diatomaceous earth were mixed with water at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:2.5, placed in a semi-closed fermentation tank, stirred and turned by a mechanical stirrer, and fermented for 15 days to obtain a fermentation liquid; S2: adding organic materials and humic acid to the fermentation liquid, stirring evenly, drying, grinding components, and sieving to obtain.

[0039] Example 4

[0040] A weight-loss and synergistic microbial fertilizer, which is different from Example 1 in that the raw materials and their amounts are as shown in Table 1, wherein the organic material comprises brown nitrogen-fixing bacteria, sodium alginate and nutrient element filler in a mass ratio of 1:3.6:7, the nutrient element filler comprises superphosphate, urea and potassium sulfate in a mass ratio of 2.7:1.3:1; the biochar is wood charcoal and wheat straw charcoal in a mass ratio of 1:1; The method for preparing the above-mentioned weight-reducing and efficiency-enhancing microbial fertilizer comprises the following steps: S1: chicken manure, biochar, composite microbial agent and diatomaceous earth were mixed with water at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:2, placed in a semi-closed fermentation tank, stirred and turned by a mechanical stirrer, and fermented for 15 days to obtain a fermentation liquid; S2: adding organic materials and humic acid to the fermentation liquid, stirring evenly, drying, grinding components, and sieving to obtain.

[0041] Example 5

[0042] A weight-loss and synergistic microbial fertilizer, which differs from Example 1 in that the composite microbial agent is obtained from Preparation Example 2, and the other steps are the same as those of Example 1.

[0043] Example 6

[0044] A weight-loss and synergistic microbial fertilizer, which differs from Example 1 in that the composite microbial agent is obtained from Preparation Example 3, and the other steps are the same as those of Example 1.

[0045] Example 7

[0046] A weight-loss and synergistic microbial fertilizer, which differs from Example 1 in that the composite microbial agent is obtained from Preparation Example 4, and the other steps are the same as those of Example 1.

[0047] Example 8

[0048] A weight-loss and synergistic microbial fertilizer, which differs from Example 1 in that the composite microbial agent is a mixture of Bacillus subtilis powder, Bacillus licheniformis powder and Bacillus gelatinus powder in a mass ratio of 2:1.2:1.3, is not modified by microencapsulation, and other steps are the same as those in Example 1.

[0049] Comparative Example 1 A weight-reducing and efficiency-enhancing microbial fertilizer, which differs from Example 1 in that no nitrogen-fixing bacteria is added, the nitrogen-fixing bacteria in the raw material is replaced by an equal mass of sodium alginate, and the other steps are the same as those in Example 1.

[0050] Comparative Example 2 A weight-loss and synergistic microbial fertilizer, which differs from Example 1 in that sodium alginate is not added, the sodium alginate in the raw material is replaced by a nutrient element filler of equal mass, and the other steps are the same as Example 1.

[0051] Comparative Example 3 A weight-loss and synergistic microbial fertilizer, which differs from Example 1 in that the composite microbial agent is obtained from Preparation Example 5, and the other steps are the same as those of Example 1.

[0052] Comparative Example 4 A weight-loss and synergistic microbial fertilizer, which differs from Example 1 in that the composite microbial agent is obtained from Preparation Example 6, and the other steps are the same as those of Example 1.

[0053] Comparative Example 5 A weight-reducing and synergistic microbial fertilizer, which differs from Example 1 in that the composite microbial agent is obtained from Preparation Example 7, and the other steps are the same as those of Example 1.

[0054] Comparative Example 6 A weight-reducing and efficiency-enhancing microbial fertilizer, which differs from Example 1 in that no composite microbial agent is added, the composite microbial agent in the raw material is replaced with an equal mass of biochar, and the other steps are the same as Example 1.

[0055] The weight-reducing and yield-increasing microbial fertilizers obtained in Examples 1-8 and Comparative Examples 1-6 were subjected to a performance test for weight-reducing and yield-increasing effects. Rice and corn were selected for field experiments, and the yield of each area was recorded. The results are recorded in Table 2.

[0056] The experimental method is as follows: The rice fields and corn fields were divided into 14 areas of equal size. During the rice / corn planting period, the soil in the corresponding areas was fertilized twice with an interval of 4 months. The first application amount was 40 kg / mu and the second application amount was 50 kg / mu. The crops were harvested after maturity.

[0057] Table 2 According to the performance test results in Table 2, it can be seen that the weight-loss and efficiency-enhancing microbial fertilizer of the present application has a good effect of promoting crop growth and reducing weight and increasing efficiency. It can decompose substances in the soil through the life activities of microorganisms and their metabolites to provide nutrition for crop growth, thereby achieving weight loss and efficiency improvement.

[0058] According to the performance test results of Examples 1-8 and Comparative Examples 3-6, it can be seen that the use of composite microbial agents can significantly improve the soil environment, increase soil productivity, promote crop growth, and achieve the effect of reducing weight and increasing efficiency, and the composite use of multiple microbial agents is more significant than the use of a single agent. Microencapsulation of composite microbial agents can significantly improve the effect and stability of microbial fertilizers, because microencapsulation can effectively protect microbial agents, form a protective barrier, and reduce the impact of adverse external factors on microbial activity, thereby improving the survival rate and stability of microorganisms in fertilizers and improving the utilization efficiency of fertilizers.

[0059] According to the performance test results of Examples 1-7 and Comparative Examples 1-2, it can be seen that the addition of nitrogen-fixing bacteria can significantly improve the nitrogen-fixing efficiency of microbial fertilizers, thereby providing more sufficient nutrients for crops and promoting the growth of crops. The addition of sodium alginate provides a more favorable growth and reproduction environment for nitrogen-fixing bacteria, and can form a viscous protection system in microbial fertilizers, improve the soil environment, enhance the water and fertilizer retention capacity of the soil, and further promote the weight loss and synergistic effect of microbial fertilizers when used.

[0060] This specific embodiment is merely an explanation of the present application and is not a limitation of the present application. After reading this specification, those skilled in the art may make modifications to the present embodiment without any creative contribution as needed, but such modifications are protected by the patent law as long as they are within the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A weight-reducing and synergistic microbial fertilizer, characterized in that: By weight, the raw materials include 20-35 parts of chicken manure, 14-19 parts of biochar, 7-12 parts of composite microbial agents, 3-5 parts of diatomaceous earth, 27-36 parts of organic materials and 4-6 parts of humic acid; The composite microbial agent comprises Bacillus subtilis powder, Bacillus licheniformis powder and Bacillus jelly powder in a mass ratio of (2-5):(1.2-3.3):(0.8-1.3); The organic material includes nitrogen-fixing bacteria, sodium alginate and nutrient element filler in a mass ratio of 1:(2.8-3.6):(5-8).

2. The weight-loss and efficiency-enhancing microbial fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The composite microbial agent is a structure in which a core material is wrapped by a wall material, and the raw material of the wall material includes gamma-aminobutyric acid.

3. The weight-loss and synergistic microbial fertilizer according to claim 2, characterized in that: The preparation method of the composite microbial agent comprises the following steps: S1: mixing Bacillus subtilis powder, Bacillus licheniformis powder and Bacillus jelly powder with a chitosan solution having a concentration of 1.5-2.5wt% at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:(1-1.5), and stirring to form a suspension as a core material solution; S2: Take γ-aminobutyric acid and stir and mix it with 1.5-2.5wt% sodium alginate solution in a solid-liquid ratio of 1:(3-6) to form a turbid liquid, thereby forming a wall material solution; S3: Prepare 5-8% CaCl2 solution as receiving liquid, pass the core material solution and the wall material solution into the microfluidic chip respectively, form micro droplets in the chip through microfluidic technology, and then collect them in CaCl2 solution to solidify, and obtain them after centrifugation.

4. The weight-loss and synergistic microbial fertilizer according to claim 3, characterized in that: The flow rate of the core material solution is 100-120 mL / h, and the flow rate of the wall material solution is 180-200 mL / h.

5. The weight-loss and efficiency-enhancing microbial fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nitrogen-fixing bacteria is selected from any one of brown nitrogen-fixing bacteria and round brown nitrogen-fixing bacteria or a combination of the two.

6. The weight-loss and efficiency-enhancing microbial fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nutrient element filler includes superphosphate, urea and potassium sulfate in a mass ratio of (2-3):(1-1.5):

1.

7. The weight-loss and efficiency-enhancing microbial fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The biochar is selected from any one or more combinations of wood charcoal, rice straw charcoal, wheat straw charcoal, and corn stalk charcoal.

8. The method for preparing the weight-reducing and synergistic microbial fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: Mix chicken manure, biochar, composite microbial agent and diatomaceous earth with water at a solid-liquid ratio of 1: (2-2.5), place in a semi-closed fermentation tank, stir and ferment for 10-15 days to obtain a fermentation liquid; S2: adding organic materials and humic acid to the fermentation liquid, stirring evenly, drying, grinding components, and sieving to obtain.

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