Organic fertilizer containing seaweed waste residues as well as preparation method and application of organic fertilizer
By fermenting seaweed waste residue with industrial and agricultural solid waste and phosphate powder and other materials, the organic fertilizer of semi-corrosive seaweed waste residue is solved, and the problems of passion fruit roots are effectively retained and fertilizers are achieved. The effect promotes plant growth and soil improvement, avoiding the toxicity and high cost problems in traditional methods.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411418918.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-10-11
- Publication Date
- 2024-12-10
AI Technical Summary
Passion fruit grows slowly and produces less due to root lack of water in hot summer. The existing water retention agent is high and has a toxic risk. Traditional organic fertilizers have poor water retention effect, and the seaweed waste residue loses its water retention ability after decomposition, so it cannot effectively exert its effect. Water retention characteristics.
Using organic fertilizer containing seaweed waste residue, the industrial and agricultural solid waste is aerobic and aged and fermented by fermenting industrial and agricultural waste residue, phosphate ore powder and fermentation bacteria agents to form semi-corrosive seaweed waste residue, retaining its water absorption and water retention ability, and with Phosphate powder and functional microorganisms mix to form fluffy, low salinity organic fertilizers for improving soil and promoting plant growth.
Effectively retain water and fertilizer, promote plant growth, improve plant stress resistance, improve soil, especially in summer root drought and water shortage, significantly improve the growth performance of passion fruit, avoid soil diseases and root burning risks, and reduce seaweed The time and cost of waste residue.
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Figure CN119100897A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of organic fertilizer preparation, and in particular relates to an organic fertilizer containing seaweed waste residue and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art
[0002] Passion fruit is a perennial vine plant belonging to the genus Passiflora of the family Passifloraceae. It grows fast, blooms and bears fruit many times, has a short planting cycle, low cost, quick results and high benefits. In recent years, it has developed rapidly as a crop to help farmers increase their income. Passion fruit is a shallow-rooted crop that likes moisture and is afraid of drought. The water on the surface of the soil evaporates quickly, and the soil moisture decreases rapidly. When the transpiration of passion fruit is greater than the water absorption of the root system, it will cause the plant to grow slowly and the leaves to wilt, thereby affecting the photosynthesis of passion fruit leaves and affecting the yield. The phenomenon of crop yield reduction due to water shortage is more common in hot summers. In order to solve the problem of water shortage in the roots of passion fruit in hot weather, growers often increase the frequency and amount of irrigation to alleviate it. This treatment method has a certain effect on improving the problem of passion fruit yield reduction, but it will also cause the loss of nutrients in the soil surface due to excessive irrigation and reduce nutrient utilization.
[0003] In order to solve the problem of soil nutrient loss caused by increasing irrigation volume, the commonly used methods include covering ground film, applying water retaining agent and organic fertilizer. Among them, covering ground film can play a good role in retaining water and fertilizer, but covering ground film will lead to poor soil permeability, inhibit plant root respiration and hinder root growth; in addition, poor soil permeability will inhibit beneficial microorganisms and increase the probability of passion fruit root diseases. At present, the common water retaining agents in China are mainly composed of high molecular polymers, such as polyacrylamide water retaining agents, which are expensive and difficult to promote on a large scale in agricultural production; at the same time, high molecular polymers such as polyacrylamide water retaining agents are suitable for compacted soil due to their own characteristics, but the dosage needs to be strictly controlled. Excessive dosage will cause soil condensation and reduce soil permeability, which requires too high technical content for ordinary farmers; and non-toxic polyacrylamide will slowly degrade through physical, chemical, biological and other methods after application, decomposing into acrylamide monomers with certain neurotoxicity, genotoxicity and carcinogenicity. Therefore, the application of water retaining agents also has certain limitations. Although some organic fertilizers have the effects of improving soil, retaining water and fertilizer, and increasing nutrient utilization rate, the effects of water-retaining organic fertilizers on the market vary. Although some organic fertilizers have good water-retaining effects, their high costs make them prohibitive for ordinary farmers.
[0004] The main components of seaweed waste residue are seaweed fiber, calcium alginate and other high-molecular water-insoluble substances. The seaweed fiber has a large number of hydroxyl groups in its macromolecular structure, which makes it have good water absorption and is a cheap natural water-retaining material. There are also related studies on the market that use seaweed waste residue as raw material to produce organic fertilizer, but most of the studies are to decompose the seaweed waste residue into small molecular substances before using them. Some existing methods make the decomposed seaweed waste residue lose its original water-retaining ability and cannot exert its superior water-retaining characteristics, which makes it impossible for the current organic fertilizer containing seaweed waste residue to achieve better water-retaining effect. Summary of the invention
[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide an organic fertilizer containing seaweed waste residue, a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the organic fertilizer containing seaweed waste residue can effectively retain water and fertilizer, promote plant growth, improve plant stress resistance and improve soil.
[0006] The present invention provides an organic fertilizer containing seaweed waste residue, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60-80 parts of industrial and agricultural solid waste, 10-20 parts of seaweed waste residue, 5-10 parts of phosphate rock powder, 0.01-0.05 parts of fermentation bacteria agent and 0.01-0.05 parts of functional microorganisms;
[0007] The industrial and agricultural solid wastes include 3 to 6 of the following: sugar mill filter mud, wood pulp residue, mushroom residue, bean dregs, wine grains, rice bran, cassava residue, sugarcane pith, tobacco dust, rapeseed meal, peanut bran and potassium ash.
[0008] Preferably, the fermentation agent includes an organic fertilizer fermentation agent.
[0009] Preferably, the functional microorganisms include Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and / or Bacillus velez.
[0010] Preferably, the industrial and agricultural solid waste has a C / N ratio of 25 to 35:1, a moisture content of 55 wt.% to 65 wt.%, and a pH value of 6.0 to 7.5.
[0011] Preferably, the water content of the seaweed waste residue is 50% to 60%.
[0012] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the organic fertilizer containing seaweed waste residue described in the above technical solution, comprising the following steps:
[0013] The industrial and agricultural solid waste is mixed with a fermentation agent for aerobic fermentation to obtain an aerobic fermentation product;
[0014] The aerobic fermentation product and the seaweed waste residue are mixed and then aged and fermented to obtain an aged fermentation product;
[0015] The aged fermented product is crushed and then mixed with phosphate rock powder and functional microorganisms to obtain the organic fertilizer containing seaweed waste residue.
[0016] Preferably, the aerobic fermentation method includes aerated aerobic fermentation; the temperature of the aerobic fermentation is 60-85° C., the fermentation time is 20-25 days; and the number of turning over during the aerobic fermentation is 25 times.
[0017] Preferably, the aging and fermentation method includes aerated aging and fermentation, and when the moisture content of the fermentation material in the aging and fermentation drops to 38% to 42%, aeration is stopped; the aging and fermentation time is 10 to 15 days; and the number of turning over and over during the aging and fermentation process is 15 times.
[0018] The present invention also provides the use of the organic fertilizer containing seaweed waste residue described in the above technical scheme or the organic fertilizer containing seaweed waste residue prepared by the preparation method described in the above technical scheme in one or more of the following: retaining water and fertilizer, promoting plant growth, improving plant stress resistance and improving soil.
[0019] Preferably, the plant comprises passion fruit.
[0020] Beneficial effects:
[0021] The present invention provides an organic fertilizer containing seaweed waste residue, a preparation method and application thereof. The raw materials of the organic fertilizer containing seaweed waste residue are mainly derived from plants, which greatly avoids the risk of hormones, heavy metals, high salt and the like in animal feces affecting the growth of plant roots.
[0022] In the process of preparing the organic fertilizer, the seaweed waste residue is added in the aging stage of the organic fertilizer fermentation, and the high temperature heat generated in the organic fertilizer fermentation process is used to quickly evaporate the water in the seaweed waste residue, thereby greatly reducing the time and cost consumed by the seaweed waste residue in the manner of drying, sun drying or air drying. Most importantly, compared with the conventional method of preparing organic fertilizer by fermenting seaweed waste residue, the semi-decomposed seaweed waste residue formed by the method of the present invention greatly retains its original water absorption and water retention capacity, so that the formed organic fertilizer as a whole is fluffy and has low salinity, which promotes the development and growth of plants, especially plant roots, and alleviates the problem of drought and water shortage of the roots of plants including passion fruit in summer. At the same time, the pathogens and insect eggs of the semi-decomposed seaweed waste residue are killed by the high temperature in the fermentation process, and there is no risk of burning roots in the soil. The semi-decomposed seaweed waste residue shortens the decomposition time of the seaweed waste residue after application, and the small molecular active substances released in the decomposition process can promote the development of the root system of plants including passion fruit. At the same time, phosphate rock powder is added to the organic fertilizer of the present invention, and the phosphate rock powder contains silicon, calcium and magnesium elements, which supplements the demand for calcium and magnesium in the growth process of plants, promotes the growth of plants, enhances the drought resistance of plants, and improves acidic soil. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required to be used in the embodiments are briefly introduced below.
[0024] Figure 1 The fermentation temperature change during the preparation of organic fertilizer containing seaweed waste residue in Experimental Example 1;
[0025] Figure 2 The fermentation temperature changes during the preparation of the conventional compost fermentation control in Experimental Example 1. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0026] The present invention provides an organic fertilizer containing seaweed waste residue, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60-80 parts of industrial and agricultural solid waste, 10-20 parts of seaweed waste residue, 5-10 parts of phosphate rock powder, 0.01-0.05 parts of fermentation bacteria agent and 0.01-0.05 parts of functional microorganisms;
[0027] The industrial and agricultural solid wastes include 3 to 6 of the following: sugar mill filter mud, wood pulp residue, mushroom residue, bean dregs, wine grains, rice bran, cassava residue, sugarcane pith, tobacco dust, rapeseed meal, peanut bran and potassium ash.
[0028] As an embodiment, the mass fraction of industrial and agricultural solid waste in the organic fertilizer containing seaweed waste residue of the present invention can be 70-75 parts; the industrial and agricultural solid wastes are all derived from plants, which greatly avoids the risk of hormones, heavy metals, high salt, insect eggs, nematodes, etc. in animal feces affecting plant roots. In addition, the organic fertilizer prepared from plant-derived raw materials has balanced nutrients and is more suitable for plants, especially the growth of passion fruit; in addition, the industrial and agricultural solid wastes are all industrial and agricultural production wastes. The present invention can realize resource utilization by using them as raw materials, and at the same time, the nutrients in the industrial and agricultural solid wastes are returned to the field, which can realize the recycling of nutrients. The present invention does not specifically limit the source of the industrial and agricultural solid wastes, and the industrial and agricultural solid wastes of conventional sources in the field can be used. As an embodiment, the C / N of the industrial and agricultural solid wastes of the present invention can be 25-35:1, the moisture content can be 55wt.%-65wt.%, and the pH value can be 6.0-7.5; the industrial and agricultural solid wastes with C / N, moisture content and pH value have relatively active decomposing microorganisms, which are conducive to mild fermentation.
[0029] As an embodiment, the mass fraction of seaweed waste residue in the organic fertilizer containing seaweed waste residue of the present invention can be 12 to 18 parts; as another embodiment, the mass fraction of the seaweed waste residue can be 15 to 17 parts. As an embodiment, the seaweed waste residue of the present invention can be the waste material for extracting mannitol or seaweed enzyme, etc.; the method for extracting mannitol or seaweed enzyme is not particularly limited, and the conventional method for extracting mannitol or seaweed enzyme in the art can be used. The seaweed waste residue contains natural active substances such as amino acids and plant stimulants that are beneficial to plant growth and development, which can promote the development of plant roots. In addition, the seaweed waste residue is a porous fiber with strong water absorption capacity, good permeability and strong moisture retention capacity. As an embodiment, the water content of the seaweed waste residue of the present invention can be 50% to 60%. The seaweed waste residue with the water content is conducive to ensuring the composting time when added. Too high water content will prolong the fermentation time and reduce the water retention of the seaweed residue.
[0030] As an embodiment, the mass fraction of phosphate rock powder in the organic fertilizer containing seaweed waste residue of the present invention can be 6 to 9 parts. As another embodiment, the mass fraction of the phosphate rock powder can be 7 to 8 parts. The phosphate rock powder is an industrial solid waste generated during phosphate mining and beneficiation, is alkaline, and contains a large amount of silicon, calcium, and magnesium elements required for the formation of plant and soil colloids.
[0031] As an embodiment, the mass fraction of the fermentation agent in the organic fertilizer containing seaweed waste residue of the present invention can be 0.02-0.04 parts; as another embodiment, the mass fraction of the fermentation agent can be 0.03-0.04 parts. As an embodiment, the fermentation agent of the present invention can be an organic fertilizer fermentation agent, and the source of the organic fertilizer fermentation agent is not particularly limited, and conventional organic fertilizer fermentation agents in the art can be used.
[0032] As an embodiment, the effective live bacterial concentration of the functional microorganisms of the present invention can be 0.01 to 0.05 parts; as another embodiment, the mass fraction of the functional microorganisms can be 0.03 to 0.04 parts; as an embodiment, the effective live concentration of the functional microorganisms can be ≥80 billion cfu / g. As an embodiment, the functional microorganisms of the present invention can be Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and / or Bacillus velez. As an embodiment, the Bacillus amyloliquefaciens of the present invention can be Bacillus amyloliquefaciens FB1-5 disclosed in Chinese patent CN110643539A; the Bacillus velez can be Bacillus velez CK3-15 disclosed in Chinese patent CN109652336A.
[0033] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the organic fertilizer containing seaweed waste residue described in the above technical solution, comprising the following steps:
[0034] The industrial and agricultural solid waste is mixed with a fermentation agent for aerobic fermentation to obtain an aerobic fermentation product;
[0035] The aerobic fermentation product and the seaweed waste residue are mixed and then aged and fermented to obtain an aged fermentation product;
[0036] The aged fermented product is crushed and then mixed with phosphate rock powder and functional microorganisms to obtain the organic fertilizer containing seaweed waste residue.
[0037] The present invention mixes industrial and agricultural solid waste with fermentation bacteria for aerobic fermentation to obtain aerobic fermentation products. As an embodiment, the C / N of the industrial and agricultural solid waste can be 25-35:1; as another embodiment, the C / N of the industrial and agricultural solid waste can be 28-32:1. As an embodiment, the moisture content of the industrial and agricultural solid waste can be 55%-65%; as another embodiment, the moisture content of the industrial and agricultural solid waste can be 58%-60%. As another embodiment, the pH value of the industrial and agricultural solid waste can be 6.0-7.5. As an embodiment, the aerobic fermentation method can be tank aeration aerobic fermentation. As an embodiment, the temperature of the aerobic fermentation of the present invention can be 60-85°C; as another embodiment, the temperature of the aerobic fermentation can be 65-75°C. As an embodiment, the fermentation time of the aerobic fermentation can be 20-25 days; as another embodiment, the fermentation time of the aerobic fermentation can be 22-24 days. As an implementation manner, the number of turning over and tossing during the aerobic fermentation process may be 25 times; in a specific embodiment, the number of turning over and tossing may be increased or decreased according to the temperature and humidity of the fermentation material.
[0038] After obtaining the aerobic fermentation product, the present invention mixes the aerobic fermentation product with seaweed waste residue and performs aging fermentation to obtain the aged fermentation product. As an embodiment, the moisture content of the seaweed waste residue of the present invention can be 50% to 60%. As an embodiment, the aging fermentation method of the present invention can be aeration aging fermentation; the aeration aging fermentation method can be tank aeration aerobic fermentation. As an embodiment, the present invention stops aeration when the moisture content of the fermentation material of the aged fermentation drops to 38% to 42%; as another embodiment, the present invention stops aeration when the moisture content of the fermentation material of the aged fermentation drops to 40%. As an embodiment, the aging fermentation time can be 10 to 15 days; as another embodiment, the aging fermentation time can be 12 to 14 days. As an embodiment, during the aging fermentation process, when the C / N of the aged fermentation material is 15 to 20 and the moisture content is 30% to 35%, the aged fermentation material reaches a mature state. As an embodiment, the number of flipping during the aging fermentation process of the present invention can be 15 times. The present invention selects to add seaweed waste residue in the aging and fermentation stage, and forms semi-decomposed seaweed waste residue in this way. Compared with the method of fully decomposing the seaweed waste residue, the original water absorption and water retention capacity of the seaweed waste residue is greatly retained, and the formed fermented material is more fluffy and low in salinity, which is suitable for the development of plant roots. At the same time, the semi-decomposed seaweed waste residue is subjected to the high temperature of the fermentation process, and pathogens and insect eggs are killed, and there is no risk of burning roots in the soil; and the semi-decomposed seaweed waste residue shortens the decomposition time of the seaweed waste residue after application, and the small molecular active substances released during the decomposition process can promote the development of plant roots including passion fruit.
[0039] After obtaining the aged fermented product, the present invention crushes the aged fermented product and mixes it with phosphate rock powder and functional microorganisms to obtain the organic fertilizer containing seaweed waste residue. As an embodiment, the present invention can also sieve the aged fermented product after crushing it, and take the sieve under the sieve to mix it with phosphate rock powder and functional microorganisms; the aperture of the sieve for sieving can be 5 meshes. The present invention does not specifically limit the crushing method, and the conventional crushing method in the field can be used.
[0040] The present invention also provides the use of the organic fertilizer containing seaweed waste residue described in the above technical solution or the organic fertilizer containing seaweed waste residue prepared by the preparation method described in the above technical solution in one or more of water and fertilizer conservation, promoting plant growth, improving plant stress resistance and improving soil. As an embodiment, the plant described in the present invention may be passion fruit. As an embodiment, the promoting plant growth described in the present invention may be promoting plant root growth; the improving plant stress resistance may be improving plant drought resistance; as another embodiment, the improving plant drought resistance may be improving plant root drought resistance, especially solving the problem of water shortage of plant root system in summer. As an embodiment, the improving soil described in the present invention may be improving acidic soil.
[0041] In order to further illustrate the present invention, the technical solution provided by the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments, but they should not be construed as limiting the protection scope of the present invention.
[0042] Example 1
[0043] An organic fertilizer containing seaweed waste residue, the raw material composition and preparation method thereof are as follows:
[0044] 1. The raw material composition is as follows, by mass:
[0045] 5t of sugar factory filter mud, 2.5t of wood pulp residue, 1.5t of bean dregs, 1t of sugarcane pith, 1.5t of seaweed waste residue, and 5kg of fermentation agent were purchased from Hubei Qiming Bioengineering Co., Ltd., with the registration certificate number of Microbial Fertilizer (2014) Standard No. (1365). After decomposition, 0.75t of phosphate rock powder and 7kg of functional microorganisms (Bacillus Velez ≥ 40 billion cfu / g; Bacillus amyloliquefaciens ≥ 40 billion cfu / g) were added, wherein Bacillus amyloliquefaciens is Bacillus amyloliquefaciens FB1-5 disclosed in Chinese patent CN110643539A; Bacillus Velez is Bacillus Velez CK3-15 disclosed in Chinese patent CN109652336A, and the same is true for Example 2.
[0046] 2. The preparation method is as follows:
[0047] The sugar factory filter mud, wood pulp residue, bean dregs and sugarcane pith in step 1 are put into the fermentation tank of the fermentation workshop, and 5kg of fermentation bacteria are sprinkled. The C / N ratio of the material before fermentation is 29.0, the moisture is 64.17%, and the pH is 6.25. The number of flipping times in the fermentation stage is 25 times. The aerobic fermentation stage is carried out for a total of 23 days, and then it is conveyed to the aging workshop by a conveyor belt, seaweed waste residue is added, and aeration is stopped after continuing aerobic fermentation for 9 days. After stopping aeration for 6 days, the semi-finished product is conveyed to the finished product workshop, crushed and sieved by an organic fertilizer crusher, 0.75t of phosphate rock powder and 7kg of functional microorganisms are added, and the semi-finished product is packaged and sealed to obtain the organic fertilizer containing seaweed waste residue.
[0048] Example 2
[0049] An organic fertilizer containing seaweed waste residue, the raw material composition and preparation method thereof are as follows:
[0050] 1. The raw material composition is as follows, by volume ratio:
[0051] 4t of sugar factory filter mud, 1.5t of wood pulp residue, 1.5t of bean dregs, 1t of mushroom residue, 0.5t of rice bran, 1.5t of seaweed waste residue, 4kg of fermentation agent purchased from Hubei Qiming Bioengineering Co., Ltd., with registration certificate number of Microbial Fertilizer (2014) Standard No. (1365), 0.7t of phosphate rock powder and 4kg of functional microorganisms (Bacillus Velez ≥80 billion cfu / g).
[0052] 2. The preparation method is as follows:
[0053] The sugar factory filter mud, wood pulp residue, bean dregs, mushroom residue and rice bran in step 1 are put into the fermentation tank of the fermentation workshop, and 4 kg of organic fertilizer fermentation bacteria are sprinkled in. After 20 days of aerobic fermentation, the mixture is conveyed to the aging workshop by a conveyor belt, and 1.5 t of seaweed waste residue is added. Aeration is stopped after 11 days of aerobic fermentation. After 2 days, the semi-finished product is conveyed to the finished product workshop, crushed and sieved, and 0.7 t of phosphate rock powder and 4 kg of functional microorganisms are added. The mixture is packaged and sealed in bags to obtain the organic fertilizer containing seaweed waste residue.
[0054] Comparative Example 1
[0055] The organic fertilizer containing seaweed waste residue was prepared by using the raw materials and preparation method in Example 1, with the only difference being that the seaweed waste residue was added to the fermentation tank together with sugar factory filter mud, wood pulp residue, bean dregs and sugarcane pith for fermentation at the initial stage of fermentation.
[0056] Comparative Example 2
[0057] The organic fertilizer containing seaweed waste residue was prepared by using the raw materials and the preparation method in Example 1, with the only difference being that the raw materials and the preparation method did not contain seaweed waste residue.
[0058] Test Example 1
[0059] The fermentation temperature in the aerobic fermentation process of the organic fertilizer preparation process containing seaweed waste residue in Example 1 was tracked and sampled for determination of the organic matter content and moisture content in the organic fertilizer fermentation product. The specific method was as follows: a 50 cm long thermometer (maximum range of 100 ° C) was used to insert the thermometer into the fermentation material before each turning over, with a depth of about 30 cm. After the temperature of the thermometer changed steadily, the reading was read and the data was recorded. The temperature measurement results were as follows: Figure 1 The changes in organic matter and water content of organic fertilizer fermentation are shown in Table 1.
[0060] Table 1 Changes in organic matter and water content during organic fertilizer fermentation
[0061] Fermentation time / day Organic matter% Moisture% 0 43.12 64.17 3 41.77 63.75 26 36.73 45.61 37 31.55 31.55
[0062] According to the fermentation material formula ratio in Example 1, the conventional compost fermentation was carried out in a non-aerated manner as a control, and the number of turnings was 1 day / time. Compared with the conventional compost fermentation stage temperature ( Figure 2 ), the aerobic aeration method in Example 1 is used to increase the fermentation temperature of the organic fertilizer by 10-15°C, accelerate the evaporation of the material water, and avoid excessive consumption of organic materials.
[0063] Test Example 2
[0064] The physical and chemical indicators of the organic fertilizer containing seaweed waste prepared in Example 1 and the commercially available organic fertilizer containing chicken manure (purchased from Guangxi Jianye Fertilizer Co., Ltd., the product name and fertilizer registration certificate number are Maolinfeng and Guinongfei (2023) No. 4239, respectively) were measured, and the results are shown in Table 2.
[0065] Table 2 Comparison of physical and chemical indicators of organic fertilizer containing seaweed waste residue in Example 1 and commercial organic fertilizer containing chicken manure
[0066]
[0067] According to the contents in Table 2, it can be concluded that the organic fertilizer containing seaweed waste prepared in Example 1 has equivalent macronutrient elements required for plant growth, but the soluble salt concentration (EC) is lower than that of the commercially available organic fertilizer containing chicken manure. Improper use of high-salinity organic fertilizers can easily cause damage to plant roots. The organic fertilizer containing seaweed waste prepared in Example 1 is safer for plant roots when used.
[0068] Test Example 3
[0069] Water retention test - taking the organic fertilizer containing seaweed waste prepared in Example 1 as an example:
[0070] Select 9 funnels of the same specifications, pad them with filter paper, weigh each device, install a hose at the funnel outlet before the test, and clamp the hose at the bottom with a clip. Add 30g of organic fertilizer prepared in Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-2 on the filter paper, and repeat 3 times for each treatment.
[0071] The operation method is: slowly add an equal volume of tap water to the funnel containing fertilizer, until the fertilizer is submerged but not exceeding the filter paper, and let it stand for 1 hour to allow the fertilizer to fully absorb the water. Then remove the bottom clip, filter the water and let it stand for 3 hours, weigh the device, and calculate its water absorption. The amount of water absorption can measure the water retention capacity of the fertilizer to a certain extent. The calculation formula for water absorption rate is:
[0072] Water absorption rate (%) = (weight after water absorption - weight before water absorption) / amount of organic fertilizer added × 100%; the calculation results of water absorption rate are shown in Table 3.
[0073] Table 3 Water retention test results of organic fertilizer in Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-2
[0074] deal with Water absorption (%) Example 1 101.43±2.85a Comparative Example 1 89.52±0.78b Comparative Example 2 86.87±0.12b
[0075] Note: Different letters in Table 3 indicate significant differences (P < 0.05).
[0076] It can be concluded from Table 3 that the water absorption capacity of the organic fertilizer containing seaweed waste residue in Example 1 is significantly higher than that of the organic fertilizer in Comparative Examples 1 to 2, indicating that the present invention can reduce the damage to the water retention capacity of seaweed waste residue during the fermentation process by adding seaweed waste residue in this way, thereby ensuring the water retention capacity of the fertilizer to a higher degree.
[0077] It can be concluded from the above embodiments that the organic fertilizer containing seaweed waste residue of the present invention can effectively retain water and fertilizer, promote the growth of passion fruit root system, improve the drought resistance of passion fruit, and improve soil.
[0078] Although the above embodiment describes the present invention in detail, it is only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. People can also obtain other embodiments based on this embodiment without creativity, and these embodiments all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. An organic fertilizer containing seaweed waste residue, characterized in that: The raw materials include the following parts by weight: 60-80 parts of industrial and agricultural solid waste, 10-20 parts of seaweed waste residue, 5-10 parts of phosphate rock powder, 0.01-0.05 parts of fermentation agent and 0.01-0.05 parts of functional microorganisms; The industrial and agricultural solid wastes include 3 to 6 of the following: sugar mill filter mud, wood pulp residue, mushroom residue, bean dregs, wine grains, rice bran, cassava residue, sugarcane pith, tobacco dust, rapeseed meal, peanut bran and potassium ash.
2. The organic fertilizer containing seaweed waste residue according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fermentation agent includes an organic fertilizer fermentation agent.
3. The organic fertilizer containing seaweed waste residue according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The functional microorganisms include Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and / or Bacillus Velezii.
4. The organic fertilizer containing seaweed waste residue according to claim 1, characterized in that: The C / N ratio of the industrial and agricultural solid waste is 25-35:1, the moisture content is 55wt.%-65wt.%, and the pH value is 6.0-7.
5.
5. The organic fertilizer containing seaweed waste residue according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water content of the seaweed waste residue is 50% to 60%.
6. The method for preparing organic fertilizer containing seaweed waste residue according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The steps include: The industrial and agricultural solid waste is mixed with a fermentation agent for aerobic fermentation to obtain an aerobic fermentation product; The aerobic fermentation product and the seaweed waste residue are mixed and then aged and fermented to obtain an aged fermentation product; The aged fermented product is crushed and then mixed with phosphate rock powder and functional microorganisms to obtain the organic fertilizer containing seaweed waste residue.
7. The preparation method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The aerobic fermentation method includes aerated aerobic fermentation; the temperature of the aerobic fermentation is 60-85° C., and the fermentation time is 20-25 days; and the number of turning over during the aerobic fermentation is 25 times.
8. The preparation method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The aging and fermentation method includes aeration aging and fermentation. When the moisture content of the fermentation material in the aging and fermentation drops to 38% to 42%, aeration is stopped; the aging and fermentation time is 10 to 15 days; and the number of turning over and over during the aging and fermentation process is 15 times.
9. Use of the organic fertilizer containing seaweed waste residue according to any one of claims 1 to 5 or the organic fertilizer containing seaweed waste residue prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 6 to 8 in one or more of the following: water and fertilizer conservation, plant growth promotion, plant stress resistance enhancement and soil improvement.
10. The use according to claim 9, characterized in that: The plants include passion fruit.