Domestic waste incineration and sorting device and method

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of garbage sorting, and discloses a domestic garbage incineration sorting device, including: a feeding device, which is used to transport pre-treated domestic garbage to a drying box for processing; a drying component, which includes a drying box, which is used to dry the pre-treated domestic garbage. A domestic garbage incineration sorting method is also disclosed, including the following steps: S1, the pre-treated domestic garbage is conveyed to the drying component through the feeding component for drying treatment; S2, the dried domestic garbage passes under the drying bin and then falls onto a conveyor belt. The moisture content of the garbage is reduced by drying treatment, the accuracy of metal magnetic separation is improved, and the electrostatic separation bin and shredding device are used to effectively peel off plastic film garbage. At the same time, the vibrating screen plate separates small non-incinerated garbage, such as batteries and other solids, and through the dual detection of laser radar and weighing platform, the device can automatically identify and remove large pieces of high-density garbage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of garbage sorting, and in particular to a device and method for sorting domestic garbage by incineration. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid increase in the amount of urban domestic waste, the classification and treatment of waste has become a key means to achieve resource utilization and reduce environmental pollution. However, the sorting and treatment of domestic waste faces many challenges, especially in the separation process involving entangled plastic films and high-density solid waste. Existing waste sorting systems mostly rely on simple screening, magnetic separation and electrostatic separation technologies. Although they can achieve a certain degree of separation, they still have significant deficiencies in handling entangled waste and high-density materials.

[0003] Plastic film waste accounts for a large proportion of domestic waste. Due to its light weight, softness and easy entanglement, it is easy to wrap other waste during the sorting process, hindering the normal operation of the equipment. Entangled film waste is mostly moist in domestic waste, which often causes equipment blockage and increased wear during shredding and sorting, thereby reducing the processing efficiency of the equipment. Traditional sorting equipment usually relies on electrostatic separation or screening to handle film waste, but it is difficult to completely solve the separation problem of entangling film.

[0004] After processing the film waste, the remaining solid materials in the domestic waste usually contain a large number of non-metallic solid components, such as glass, bricks, ceramics and other high-density materials. These high-density solid wastes are difficult to burn completely during incineration, which not only reduces the incineration efficiency, but also increases the maintenance cost of the incinerator. Traditional sorting systems often have difficulty identifying and removing these high-density solid materials, making it difficult to completely decompose them after entering the incineration system, affecting the overall efficiency and effectiveness of waste treatment.

[0005] In summary, although the prior art has made some progress in magnetic separation and electrostatic separation, it still lacks a comprehensive device that integrates drying, cutting, magnetic separation and weighing sorting. In particular, in terms of identifying and removing non-metallic high-density solid materials, the prior art cannot accurately determine high-density objects in the garbage pile during the sorting process. Therefore, the present invention proposes a domestic waste incineration sorting device and method. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a domestic waste incineration and sorting device and method, which solves the problems of effective separation of entangled plastic films and accurate identification and removal of non-metallic high-density solid materials in the domestic waste sorting process.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: a domestic waste incineration and sorting device, comprising:

[0008] A feeding device, which is used to transport the pre-treated domestic waste to the drying box for treatment;

[0009] A drying component, comprising a drying box, for drying the pre-treated domestic waste;

[0010] A metal sorting component is arranged beside the conveyor belt and is used to sort the metals of the dried domestic waste one by one;

[0011] An electrostatic separation component is arranged at the conveying end of the conveyor belt 1 and is used to separate the plastic film waste from the solid waste that cannot be incinerated in the shredded domestic waste;

[0012] The electrostatic separation component comprises an electrostatic separation bin, which is arranged on the ground, an electrostatic separator is arranged on the inner wall of the electrostatic separation bin, a grounding device is installed on the electrostatic separation bin, the electrostatic separation bin is connected to a plastic film garbage extraction component, a vibration separation component is arranged in the electrostatic separation bin, which is used to quickly separate the remaining garbage after separation from the solid garbage that cannot be incinerated, and the top, bottom and side of the electrostatic separation bin are respectively provided with automatic door 1, automatic door 3 and automatic door 2;

[0013] The weighing and sorting system is used to identify and remove large pieces of high-density materials that are not suitable for incineration from domestic waste after electrostatic separation.

[0014] Preferably, the drying component includes a drying box, the upper interface of the drying box is arranged below the top of the feeding device, a drying bin is fixed inside the drying box, bin doors are rotatable on both sides of the bottom of the outer wall of the drying bin, rotating shafts are fixed on both sides of the two bin doors, gears are fixed on the outer walls of two groups of rotating shafts, the external tooth tips of two adjacent gears are meshed, a motor 2 is fixed to the end of one rotating shaft in each group, and the two bin doors are spliced ​​to form a fan-shaped feed opening below the drying bin to control the discharge of domestic waste inside the drying bin.

[0015] Preferably, a conveyor belt 1 is arranged below the drying bin, a conveyor belt 2 and a conveyor belt 3 are arranged beside the conveyor belt, the conveyor belt 3 is arranged beside the automatic door 2, and a shredding device is arranged between the conveying end of the conveyor belt 1 and the electrostatic separation bin.

[0016] Preferably, the metal sorting component includes a rotating base, which is arranged beside conveyor belt 2, a support arm is connected to the top of the rotating base, a movable arm is rotatably connected to the top of the support arm, a hydraulic cylinder 1 is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the support arm, a driving end of the hydraulic cylinder 1 is connected to the rotating part at the end of the movable arm, a hydraulic cylinder 2 is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the movable arm, a movable frame is rotatably connected to the other end of the movable arm, a driving end of the hydraulic cylinder 2 is connected to the rotating part at the end of the movable frame, an electromagnet is connected to the other end of the movable frame, the electromagnet uses a strong magnetic field to attract metal objects and garbage on conveyor belt 1 one by one, and sort them to conveyor belt 2, and a metal detector is installed on the outer wall of the movable frame.

[0017] Preferably, the vibration separation component includes two groups of protection boxes, the two groups of protection boxes are respectively fixed on both sides of the electrostatic separation bin, motor three is fixed inside the two groups of protection boxes, the driving ends of the two groups of motor three are connected to connecting rods, the two groups of connecting rods are connected to installation frames, and each of the connecting rods is sleeved with a spring in the area between the electrostatic separation bin and the installation frame. A plurality of conveying rollers are rotated in the middle of the installation frame, a plurality of baffle rods are fixed on the outer walls of the plurality of conveying rollers, and driving components are arranged on the outer walls of the plurality of conveying rollers. An inclined leak plate inclined at 45° is installed on the bottom of the inner wall of the electrostatic separation bin, and limit grooves corresponding to motor three are opened on both sides of the electrostatic separation bin, and the connecting rods are penetrated in the limit grooves.

[0018] Preferably, the driving component comprises a motor 4, a driving end of the motor 4 is connected to the end of any one of the conveying rollers, a pulley is installed on the outer wall of each two adjacent conveying rollers, and a conveying belt is sleeved on the outer side of the two pulleys.

[0019] Preferably, the plastic film garbage extraction component includes a conveying pipe, one end of which is penetrated by the electrostatic separation bin, a plurality of exhaust fans are arranged on the outer wall of the conveying pipe, and a filter frame is installed on the inner wall of the conveying pipe at the exhaust fan to prevent the film impurities from contacting the exhaust fan.

[0020] Preferably, the weighing and material distribution system includes an overweight material conveyor belt, which is arranged below the three conveying end positions of the conveyor belt, and a mounting frame is installed on one side of the overweight material conveyor belt frame, a weighing platform is installed on the top of the mounting frame, and a balancing frame is arranged on the top of the weighing platform, a plurality of balancing blocks are installed around the balancing frame, and a plurality of groups of balancing blocks are installed with pushing assemblies, a plurality of rubber pads are installed on the upper surface of the balancing frame, and a loading frame is installed on the upper surface of the plurality of rubber pads, and metal detectors inclined at 45° are installed at both ends of the bottom of the three ends of the conveyor belt, and the lasers of the two metal detectors are emitted to the loading frame to cover the top edge and center position of the cabin to form a cross detection area, and the height and angle data of garbage accumulation in the loading frame are collected and transmitted to the central control system.

[0021] Preferably, the pushing assembly includes two groups of electric telescopic rods, which are respectively installed on a group of balancing blocks in any cross direction through rotating parts, and the other ends of the two groups of electric telescopic rods are installed with unloading doors through rotating parts. The two unloading doors are rotatably connected to the loading frame, and electric push rods are fixed to the outer walls of the balancing blocks in the remaining two directions. A push plate is fixed to the driving end of each group of electric push rods, and the two push plates are externally arranged in the loading frame, arranged vertically and not in contact with each other, and each push plate is arranged horizontally with a unloading door, and a compliant material conveyor belt is arranged under the weighing platform, and the compliant material conveyor belt and the overweight material conveyor belt are respectively arranged horizontally parallel to the two unloading doors.

[0022] A method for incinerating and sorting domestic waste, used in conjunction with the domestic waste incinerating and sorting device described above, comprises the following steps:

[0023] S1. The pre-treated domestic waste is transferred to the drying component through a feeding device for drying;

[0024] S2, the dried domestic waste passes under the drying bin and then falls onto conveyor belt 1. The metal sorting component sorts out the metal waste one by one from the waste on conveyor belt 1, and puts the sorted metal waste onto conveyor belt 2 for recycling;

[0025] S3, the domestic waste after metal sorting is conveyed to the conveying roller for shredding and falls into the electrostatic separation bin, the second automatic door is closed, the electrostatic separator is started, and an electric field is generated in the closed electrostatic separation bin. The shredded plastic film waste is adsorbed onto the collector plate due to the electrostatic effect, while the rest of the solid waste is not adsorbed by the electrostatic force due to its good conductivity;

[0026] S4, the motor is started for the third time, and the mounting frame is driven to vibrate in the electrostatic separation bin through the connecting rod, so as to accelerate the separation of the plastic film from the rest of the solid waste;

[0027] S5, after separation, the exhaust fan starts to generate suction, and the plastic film garbage in the electrostatic separation bin is sucked into the conveying pipeline through the conveying pipeline and enters the incineration equipment. At this time, the electrostatic separator simultaneously reduces the electric field;

[0028] S6, the second automatic door is opened, the driving component is started, and the multiple conveying rollers are rotated toward the second automatic door through the conveying component, driving the remaining non-incinerator objects to move out of the electrostatic separation bin and fall onto the third conveyor belt, and then be conveyed to the incineration equipment;

[0029] S7, the automatic door 2 opens, and the remaining solid waste after processing falls onto the conveyor belt 3 and is transported to the loading frame. At this time, two laser radar sensors detect the height of the waste in the loading frame. When it reaches the top of the loading frame, a signal is sent to the central control system, which controls the conveyor belt 3 to stop running;

[0030] S8. At this time, the weighing platform checks whether the weight of the garbage in the loading frame exceeds the standard. If the weight exceeds the standard, a set of electric telescopic rods above the overweight material conveyor belt will start, open the unloading door, and the electric push rod in the corresponding direction will start, pushing the push plate to push the garbage onto the overweight material conveyor belt, and then manually sort out large pieces of high-density materials;

[0031] S9. If the weight does not exceed the standard, another set of electric telescopic rods will be started to open the unloading door, and the electric push rod in the corresponding direction will be started to push the push plate to push the garbage to the compliant material conveyor belt, which will then be transported to a unified collection area for incineration.

[0032] The present invention provides a device and method for sorting domestic waste by incineration, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0033] 1. The present invention dries the pre-treated domestic waste before sorting, making it easier to handle in the subsequent sorting process. The reduction in moisture makes it difficult for metal objects to be covered or wrapped by other wet waste, thereby improving the efficiency and accuracy of magnetic separation, improving the sorting efficiency, and ensuring the sanitation of device components. It is also convenient for the shredding of domestic waste and the adsorption of plastic film waste by the electrostatic separation component.

[0034] 2. The present invention utilizes the phenomenon that plastic film is easily electrostatically generated and combines it with an electrostatic separator to provide an electrostatic separation chamber, so that the plastic film can be separated from other heavier objects inside the chamber. In conjunction with the shredding device, the problem that plastic film waste easily causes multiple wastes to be entangled and difficult to separate in the traditional domestic waste sorting process is solved. While improving the separation efficiency, it ensures the rapid peeling of non-incinerator waste.

[0035] 3. The present invention utilizes the vibration principle during the sorting process so that the domestic garbage falling into the electrostatic separation bin can pass through the sieve plate formed by the combination of the mounting frame, the conveying roller and a plurality of baffles, so that the non-incinerator garbage, such as smaller solids such as batteries, can be sorted out, and the remaining incinerator garbage falls into the inclined leakage plate and is discharged after secondary filtration, thereby improving the sorting efficiency and the sorting effect.

[0036] 4. The present invention uses dual detection of laser radar and weighing platform to accurately identify the height and weight of garbage, realize automatic sorting, remove large pieces of high-density garbage that are not conducive to incineration, and effectively improve the sorting accuracy and incineration efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional diagram of the device of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the gear of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the electromagnet of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the conveyor belt 3 of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the automatic door 3 of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the electrostatic separator of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 7 This is a schematic structural diagram of the inclined bushing of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the transmission belt of the present invention;

[0045] Fig. 9 It is a structural schematic diagram of the spring of the present invention;

[0046] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the delivery pipeline of the present invention;

[0047] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the weighing and dispensing system of the present invention;

[0048] Fig.12 Schematic diagram of the structure of the laser radar sensor of the present invention;

[0049] Fig.13 A top plan view of the loading frame of the present invention;

[0050] Fig.14 Flow chart of the method of the present invention.

[0051] Among them, 1. feeding device; 2. overweight material conveyor belt; 3. mounting frame; 4. weighing platform; 5. balancing frame; 6. rubber pad; 7. loading frame; 8. balancing block; 9. drying box; 10. drying bin; 11. motor 2; 12. rotating shaft; 13. gear; 14. bin door; 15. conveyor belt 1; 16. rotating base; 17. supporting arm; 18. hydraulic cylinder 1; 19. movable arm; 20. hydraulic cylinder 2; 21. movable frame; 22. electromagnet; 23. conveyor belt 2; 24. electrostatic separation bin; 25. automatic door 1; 26. automatic door 2; 27. automatic door 3; 28. , electrostatic separator; 29, grounding device; 30, protective box; 31, motor three; 32, connecting rod; 33, spring; 34, limit slot; 35, installation frame; 36, conveyor roller; 37, pulley; 38, conveyor belt; 39, stop rod; 40, inclined leak plate; 41, conveyor belt three; 42, conveying pipeline; 43, exhaust fan; 44, filter frame; 45, motor four; 46, shredder; 47, metal detector; 48, electric telescopic rod; 49, unloading door; 50, electric push rod; 51, push plate; 52, compliant material conveyor belt; 53, lidar sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] The technical solution of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0053] Please see attached Figure 1 The embodiment of the present invention provides a domestic waste incineration and sorting device, comprising:

[0054] A feeding device, which is used to transport the pre-treated domestic waste to the drying box 9 for treatment;

[0055] A drying component, comprising a drying box 9, for drying the pre-treated domestic waste;

[0056] A metal sorting component is arranged beside the conveyor belt 15 and is used to sort the metals of the dried domestic waste one by one;

[0057] An electrostatic separation component, which is arranged at the conveying end of the conveyor belt 15, is used to separate the plastic film waste from the solid waste that cannot be incinerated in the shredded domestic waste;

[0058] The electrostatic separation component includes an electrostatic separation chamber 24, which is arranged on the ground. An electrostatic separator 28 is arranged on the inner wall of the electrostatic separation chamber 24. A grounding device 29 is installed on the electrostatic separation chamber 24. The electrostatic separation chamber 24 is connected to a plastic film garbage extraction component. A vibration separation component is arranged in the electrostatic separation chamber 24, which is used to quickly separate the remaining garbage after separation from the solid garbage that cannot be incinerated. The top, bottom and side of the electrostatic separation chamber 24 are respectively provided with an automatic door 1 25, an automatic door 3 27 and an automatic door 2 26;

[0059] Specifically, when using the device of the present invention, it is necessary to first perform manual paper product sorting on the incinerated sorted domestic waste, and then dry the domestic waste after the paper product sorting pretreatment. The dried domestic waste is sorted by the metal sorting component, so that the metal recyclable waste in the domestic waste is sorted and recycled one by one, and the remaining domestic waste is shredded so that the plastic film waste and the non-recyclable solid waste and the rest of the waste will not be entangled and bound together. The shredded waste falls into the electrostatic separation bin 24, and the electrostatic separator 28 is started to generate an electric field. Due to the friction and other effects between the garbage during the transmission process, the plastic film waste is stored in the bin. When the charge is certain, it will be adsorbed onto the collector plate in the electrostatic separation bin 24 due to the electrostatic force. The non-recyclable garbage and other heavier items will not be strongly adsorbed by the electrostatic force due to their good conductivity and will fall onto the platform composed of the conveyor roller 36 and multiple conveyor rollers 36 for vibration separation treatment, thereby accelerating the rapid separation between the non-recyclable garbage and the remaining garbage. After the separation is completed, the plastic film garbage is extracted from the component and the plastic film garbage is drawn into the incineration device. Then the automatic door 26 and the automatic door 3 27 are opened respectively, and the remaining incineration garbage falls onto the conveyor belt 3 41 and is transferred to the weighing and sorting system for further sorting and processing. The non-recyclable garbage falls into the recycling equipment.

[0060] The weighing and sorting system is used to identify and remove large pieces of high-density materials that are not suitable for incineration from domestic waste after electrostatic separation.

[0061] Please see attached Figure 2 The drying component includes a drying box 9, the upper end interface of the drying box 9 is arranged below the top of the feeding device 1, a drying bin 10 is fixed inside the drying box 9, bin doors 14 are rotatably provided on both sides of the bottom of the outer wall of the drying bin 10, and rotating shafts 12 are fixed on both sides of the two bin doors 14. Gears 13 are fixed on the outer walls of the two groups of rotating shafts 12, and the outer tooth tips of two adjacent gears 13 are meshed. A motor 2 11 is fixed at the end of each group of rotating shafts 12. The two bin doors 14 are spliced ​​to form a fan-shaped package to wrap the lower discharge port of the drying bin 10, so as to control the discharge of domestic waste inside the drying bin 10.

[0062] Specifically, when the wet domestic garbage enters the drying box 9, the drying chamber 10 is started, and the drying box 9 is closed to make the drying chamber 10 closed, and the wet garbage is dried. After the drying process is completed, the motor 2 11 is started to drive the rotating shaft 12 to rotate, driving the gear 13 on its outer wall to rotate synchronously, thereby driving the gear 13 on the outer wall of the rotating shaft 12 on the other side to rotate, and the two gears 13 rotate in opposite directions, thereby driving the fan-shaped door of the closed composition to open, so that the dried domestic garbage in the drying chamber 10 falls onto the conveyor belt 1 15. After the drying process, the domestic garbage is more easily sorted out by the other components of the device in the subsequent sorting work, thereby improving the sorting efficiency. The two chamber doors 14 form a fan shape, which can completely wrap the feeding port below the drying chamber 10, and also facilitate the transmission of the two gears 13, so that the two chamber doors 14 can be opened and closed.

[0063] Please see attached Figure 1 and attached Figure 4 -Attached Figure 5 A conveyor belt 15 is arranged below the drying chamber 10, a conveyor belt 2 23 and a conveyor belt 3 41 are arranged beside the conveyor belt 15, the conveyor belt 3 41 is arranged beside the automatic door 2 26, and a shredding device 46 is arranged between the conveying end of the conveyor belt 15 and the electrostatic separation chamber 24.

[0064] Specifically, the conveyor belt 15 conveys the dried domestic waste to the shredding device 46 for shredding. During this process, the metal sorting component will sort out the metal recyclable waste in the domestic waste, and convey it to the recycling equipment by the conveyor belt 23. The domestic waste after shredding will fall into the electrostatic separation bin 24 for the next step of sorting, so that the incinerable waste and the non-incinerable waste are separated. The incinerable waste falls into the conveyor belt 3 41 through the automatic door 26 and is conveyed to the incineration device, and the non-incinerable waste falls into the collection device through the automatic door 3 27 for centralized treatment. Most of the domestic waste includes paper products, plastic products, batteries, kitchen waste, etc. Recyclable materials such as paper products and plastic bottles will be pre-processed, while the rest of the domestic waste will be centrally sorted and processed by this device. The shredder 46 cannot shred smaller garbage such as kitchen garbage, nor can it cut smaller solids such as batteries. The distance between its cutting blades is greater than the size of the battery. When the plastic film enters the shredder 46, it is entangled with various types of garbage and has a large area. Therefore, after entering the shredder 46, it will be shredded, thereby separating the domestic garbage entangled inside from the plastic film, which is convenient for subsequent electrostatic separation.

[0065] Please see attached Figure 3The metal sorting component includes a rotating base 16, which is arranged next to the conveyor belt 23. The top of the rotating base 16 is connected to a support arm 17, and the top of the support arm 17 is rotatably connected to a movable arm 19. The outer wall of the support arm 17 is rotatably connected to a hydraulic cylinder 18, and the driving end of the hydraulic cylinder 18 is connected to the rotating part at the end of the movable arm 19. The outer wall of the movable arm 19 is rotatably connected to a hydraulic cylinder 20, and the other end of the movable arm 19 is rotatably connected to a movable frame 21, and the driving end of the hydraulic cylinder 20 is connected to the rotating part at the end of the movable frame 21. The other end of the movable frame 21 is connected to an electromagnet 22, and the electromagnet 22 uses a strong magnetic field to attract metal objects and garbage on the conveyor belt 15 one by one, and sort them onto the conveyor belt 23. A metal detector 47 is installed on the outer wall of the movable frame 21.

[0066] Specifically, when the dry domestic garbage falling on the conveyor belt 15 passes under the electromagnet 22, if the metal detector 47 detects that there is metal recyclable garbage in the dry domestic garbage, the hydraulic cylinder 18 and the hydraulic cylinder 20 will control the support arm 17 and the movable arm 19 to move flexibly, thereby controlling the movable frame 21 to drive the electromagnet 22 to contact the garbage on the conveyor belt 15, and use the strong magnetic field generated by the electromagnet 22 to attract the ferromagnetic metal recyclable garbage, so as to separate and process these metal recyclable garbage from the garbage flow, and ensure the accurate sorting of metal recyclable garbage through detailed detection one by one and the precise adsorption of the electromagnet 22.

[0067] Please see attached Figure 6 -Attached Fig. 9 The vibration separation component includes two groups of protection boxes 30, and the two groups of protection boxes 30 are respectively fixed on both sides of the electrostatic separation chamber 24. Motor three 31 is fixed inside the two groups of protection boxes 30. The driving ends of the two groups of motors 31 are connected to connecting rods 32. The two groups of connecting rods 32 are connected to installation frames 35. The outside of each connecting rod 32 is located between the electrostatic separation chamber 24 and the installation frame 35. A spring 33 is sleeved on the area. A plurality of conveying rollers 36 are rotated in the middle of the installation frame 35. A plurality of blocking rods 39 are fixed on the outer walls of the plurality of conveying rollers 36. The outer walls of the plurality of conveying rollers 36 are provided with driving components. An inclined leak plate 40 with an inclination of 45° is installed at the bottom of the inner wall of the electrostatic separation chamber 24. Limiting grooves 34 corresponding to the motor three 31 are opened on both sides of the electrostatic separation chamber 24, and the connecting rods 32 are penetrated in the limiting grooves 34.

[0068] The driving component includes a motor 45, the driving end of the motor 45 is connected to the end of any one of the conveying rollers 36, and a pulley 37 is installed on the outer wall of each two adjacent conveying rollers 36, and a conveying belt 38 is sleeved on the outside of the two pulleys 37.

[0069] Specifically, after the plastic film garbage is separated, when the remaining solid garbage falls on the sieve plate composed of the installation frame 35, the conveying roller 36 and a plurality of baffles 39, the motor three 31 is started, and the installation frame 35 is driven by the motor three 31 to vibrate, so that the sieve plate vibrates. While the installation frame 35 vibrates, the spring 33 is squeezed to compress it and generate a rebound reaction force, thereby protecting the installation frame 35 from colliding with the inner wall of the electrostatic separation bin 24, accelerating the speed of garbage separation, and the separated garbage falls onto the inclined leakage plate 40 for secondary screening. After the separation is completed, the automatic door three 27 and the automatic door two 26 are opened respectively, so that the solid garbage on the sieve plate The garbage falls onto the conveyor belt three 41, and at the same time, the motor four 45 is started, driving one of the mounting frames 35 to rotate, so that it drives the outer wall pulley 37 to rotate, and through the operation of the conveyor belt 38, another pulley 37 rotates synchronously, and through multiple conveying components, multiple mounting frames 35 rotate synchronously, driving multiple baffles 39 on the outer wall to rotate synchronously, thereby driving the upper non-incinerator The garbage is conveyed to the conveyor belt three 41, and then conveyed to the recycling device by the conveyor belt three 41, and the incinerator The garbage falls into the recycling device for centralized incineration treatment. Since the conveyor belt three 41 is set at an angle, it can ensure that the garbage screened above can slide onto the conveyor belt three 41.

[0070] Please see attached Fig.10 The plastic film waste extraction component includes a conveying pipe 42, one end of which is installed on the electrostatic separation chamber 24, a plurality of exhaust fans 43 are installed on the outer wall of the conveying pipe 42, and a filter frame 44 is installed on the inner wall of the conveying pipe 42 at the exhaust fan 43 to prevent the film impurities from contacting the exhaust fan 43.

[0071] Specifically, when the separated plastic film garbage is transported, the exhaust fan 43 can be started to generate powered air, so that the plastic film garbage in the electrostatic separation bin 24 enters the conveying pipe 42. When the plastic film garbage is transported to the end of the conveying pipe 42, under the filtering and separation action of the filter frame 44, the solid garbage will not contact the exhaust fan 43. Then the exhaust fan 43 stops running, and the garbage falls vertically and enters the incineration device. During the transportation of the plastic film garbage, the electric field generated by the electrostatic separator 28 is reduced, so that the powered air generated by the exhaust fan 43 can carry the plastic film garbage into the conveying pipe 42. When the plastic film garbage is transported, the automatic door 1 25, the automatic door 26 and the automatic door 3 27 are all closed, and the electrostatic separation bin 24 is in a sealed state.

[0072] Please see attached Fig.11 -Attached Fig.13The weighing and material distribution system includes an overweight material conveyor belt 2, which is arranged below the conveying end position of the conveyor belt three 41. A mounting frame 3 is installed on one side of the frame of the overweight material conveyor belt 2, and a weighing platform 4 is installed on the top of the mounting frame 3. A balancing frame 5 is arranged on the top of the weighing platform 4. A plurality of balancing blocks 8 are installed around the balancing frame 5, and a pushing assembly is installed on the multiple groups of balancing blocks 8. A plurality of rubber pads 6 are installed on the upper surface of the balancing frame 5, and a loading frame 7 is installed on the upper surface of the multiple rubber pads 6. Metal detectors 47 inclined at 45° are installed at both ends of the bottom of the end of the conveyor belt three 41. The lasers of the two metal detectors 47 are emitted to the loading frame 7 to cover the top edge and center position of the cabin to form a cross detection area, and the height and angle data of the garbage accumulation in the loading frame 7 are collected and transmitted to the central control system.

[0073] The pushing assembly includes two groups of electric telescopic rods 48, which are respectively installed on a group of balancing blocks 8 in any cross direction through rotating parts. The other ends of the two groups of electric telescopic rods 48 are installed with unloading doors 49 through rotating parts. The two unloading doors 49 are rotatably connected to the loading frame 7. Electric push rods 50 are fixed to the outer walls of the balancing blocks 8 in the remaining two directions. A push plate 51 is fixed to the driving end of each group of electric push rods 50. The two push plates 51 are externally arranged in the loading frame 7, arranged vertically and not in contact with each other, and each push plate 51 is arranged horizontally with a unloading door 49. A compliant material conveyor belt 52 is arranged under the weighing platform 4, and the compliant material conveyor belt 52 and the overweight material conveyor belt 2 are respectively arranged horizontally parallel to the two unloading doors 49.

[0074] Specifically, garbage height detection in the loading frame 7: The garbage is transported to the loading frame 7 by the conveyor belt 3 41. When the garbage enters the loading frame 7, two laser radar sensors 53 installed at a 45° angle begin to detect the garbage height in the loading frame 7 in real time. The light beams of the two laser radars cross and cover the top edge and center position of the loading frame 7 to form a complete detection area. When the height of the garbage reaches the upper edge of the loading frame 7 (preset to a height of 50 cm, the size of the loading frame 7 is 50cm*50cm*50cm), the laser radar sensor 53 detects the signal and transmits it to the central control system. After receiving the signal, the central control system instructs the conveyor belt 3 41 to stop running to prevent excessive garbage from entering the weighing area.

[0075] Weighing and overweight material sorting: After the conveyor belt stops, the weighing platform 4 starts to detect the weight of the garbage in the loading frame 7.

[0076] Overweight judgment:

[0077] Main threshold setting: The main weight threshold of the weighing platform 4 is set to 15 kg, of which the allowable range is set to 14 to 16 kg. Garbage exceeding this range is considered as overweight material. The volume of the loading box 7 is 0.125 cubic meters (0.5 meters × 0.5 meters × 0.5 meters). Within this volume, there is a certain relationship between the stacking density and weight of domestic garbage. For domestic garbage that does not contain metal, plastic and food residues, the density of common materials such as ceramics, glass, bricks, etc. is usually higher, and the stacking method is prone to produce a larger weight.

[0078] The density of high-density non-metallic waste is usually in the range of 1.8 to 2.5 g / cm3. Based on this, a pile of 0.125 cubic meters of waste will weigh about 14-16 kg. For example:

[0079] Ceramics and bricks: The density is about 2.0 g / cm3. When the loading frame 7 is filled with this type of material, the total weight will be close to or slightly above 15 kg.

[0080] Other higher density materials such as glass: These materials also have a higher density, usually closer to 2.5 g / cm3, and will be closer to the upper limit of 16 kg when the volume is filled.

[0081] Compliant weight (between 14 kg and 16 kg): When the weighing platform 4 detects that the weight of the garbage is between 14 kg and 16 kg, the central control system will determine it as compliant material because this weight range represents the typical composition of domestic waste suitable for incineration.

[0082] Overweight (16 kg and above): If the weight exceeds 16 kg, the system will determine it as overweight material, indicating that the garbage may contain high-density materials that are not conducive to incineration, such as ceramics, bricks, glass, etc. At this time, the central control system instructs the pusher system to move the garbage to the overweight material conveyor belt 2.

[0083] Heavy material transport:

[0084] Open the unloading door 49: the central control system instructs a group of electric telescopic rods 48 to start and open the unloading door 49 in the corresponding direction.

[0085] Start the push assembly: the electric push rod 50 corresponding to the direction of the opened discharge door 49 is started, and the push plate 51 installed on the push rod is pushed forward.

[0086] Pushing garbage: The push plate 51 pushes the overweight garbage out of the loading frame 7 and onto the overweight material conveyor belt 2. The overweight material conveyor belt 2 conveys the garbage to the subsequent area, where large pieces of high-density materials that are not conducive to incineration are sorted out manually or by further equipment.

[0087] Compliant material transfer:

[0088] Weighing judgment: If the weight detected by the weighing platform 4 is between 14 and 16 kg, the central control system determines it as a compliant material.

[0089] Open another unloading door 49: the central control system instructs another set of electric telescopic rods 48 to start and open the unloading door 49 in the corresponding direction.

[0090] Start the corresponding pushing component: the corresponding electric push rod 50 is started, pushing the push plate 51 installed thereon, and pushing the compliant garbage onto the compliant material conveyor belt 52.

[0091] Transport to the collection area: The compliant material conveyor belt 52 transports the garbage to the collection area, ready for incineration.

[0092] Please see attached Fig.14 A method for sorting by burning domestic waste, used in conjunction with a device for sorting by burning domestic waste, comprises the following steps:

[0093] S1. The pre-treated domestic waste is transferred to the drying component through a feeding device for drying;

[0094] S2, the dried domestic waste passes under the drying bin 10 and then falls onto the conveyor belt 15, the metal sorting component sorts out the metal waste one by one from the waste on the conveyor belt 15, and puts the sorted metal waste onto the conveyor belt 2 23 for recycling;

[0095] S3, the domestic waste after metal sorting is conveyed to the conveying roller 36 for shredding and falls into the electrostatic separation chamber 24, the automatic door 26 is closed, the electrostatic separator 28 is started, and an electric field is generated in the closed electrostatic separation chamber 24, and the shredded plastic film waste is adsorbed onto the collector plate due to electrostatic action, while the remaining solid waste is not adsorbed by electrostatic force due to its good conductivity;

[0096] S4, the motor 31 is started, and the mounting frame 35 is driven to vibrate in the electrostatic separation chamber 24 through the connecting rod 32, so as to accelerate the separation of the plastic film from the rest of the solid waste;

[0097] S5, separation is completed, the exhaust fan 43 is started, and suction is generated to suck the plastic film garbage in the electrostatic separation bin 24 into the conveying pipe 42 through the conveying pipe 42 and enter the incineration equipment. At this time, the electrostatic separator 28 simultaneously reduces the electric field;

[0098] S6, the second automatic door 26 is opened, the driving component is started, and the plurality of conveying rollers 36 are rotated toward the second automatic door 26 through the conveying component, driving the remaining non-incinerator objects to move out of the electrostatic separation chamber 24 and fall onto the third conveyor belt 41, and then conveyed to the incineration equipment;

[0099] S7, the automatic door 26 opens, and the remaining solid waste after processing falls onto the conveyor belt 3 41 and is conveyed to the loading frame 7. At this time, the two laser radar sensors 53 detect the height of the waste in the loading frame 7. When the waste reaches the top of the loading frame 7, a signal is sent to the central control system, and the central control system controls the conveyor belt 3 41 to stop running;

[0100] S8, at this time, the weighing platform 4 checks whether the weight of the garbage in the loading frame 7 exceeds the standard. If the weight exceeds the standard, a group of electric telescopic rods 48 above the overweight material conveyor belt 2 is started, the unloading door 49 is opened, and the electric push rod 50 in the corresponding direction is started, pushing the push plate 51 to push the garbage onto the overweight material conveyor belt 2, and then manually sorting out large pieces of high-density materials;

[0101] S9. If the weight does not exceed the standard, another set of electric telescopic rods 48 will be started to open the discharge door 49, and the electric push rod 50 in the corresponding direction will be started to push the push plate 51 to push the garbage to the compliant material conveyor belt 52, which will then convey the garbage to a unified collection area to wait for incineration.

[0102] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A domestic waste incineration and sorting device, characterized in that: include: A feeding device, used to transport the pre-treated domestic waste to a drying box (9) for treatment; A drying component, comprising a drying box (9) for drying the pre-treated domestic waste; The upper interface of the drying box (9) is arranged below the top of the feeding device (1), a drying bin (10) is fixed inside the drying box (9), bin doors (14) are rotatably provided on both sides of the bottom of the outer wall of the drying bin (10), rotating shafts (12) are fixed on both sides of the two bin doors (14), gears (13) are fixed on the outer walls of two groups of rotating shafts (12), the outer teeth tips of two adjacent gears (13) are meshed, a motor 2 (11) is fixed at the end of one rotating shaft (12) in each group, and the two bin doors (14) are spliced ​​to form a fan-shaped package to wrap the lower discharge port of the drying bin (10), so as to control the discharge of domestic waste inside the drying bin (10); A conveyor belt 1 (15) is disposed below the drying chamber (10), a conveyor belt 2 (23) and a conveyor belt 3 (41) are disposed next to the conveyor belt 1 (15), the conveyor belt 3 (41) is disposed next to the automatic door 2 (26), and a shredding device (46) is disposed between the conveying end of the conveyor belt 1 (15) and the electrostatic separation chamber (24); A metal sorting component, which is arranged beside the conveyor belt (15) and is used to sort the metals of the dried domestic waste one by one; The metal sorting assembly comprises a rotating base (16), the rotating base (16) is arranged beside the second conveyor belt (23), the top of the rotating base (16) is connected to a support arm (17), the top of the support arm (17) is rotatably connected to a movable arm (19), the outer wall of the support arm (17) is rotatably connected to a hydraulic cylinder 1 (18), the driving end of the hydraulic cylinder 1 (18) is connected to a rotating part at the end of the movable arm (19), the outer wall of the movable arm (19) is rotatably connected to a hydraulic cylinder 2 (20), the other end of the movable arm (19) is rotatably connected to a movable frame (21), the driving end of the hydraulic cylinder 2 (20) is connected to a rotating part at the end of the movable frame (21), the other end of the movable frame (21) is connected to an electromagnet (22), the electromagnet (22) uses a strong magnetic field to attract metal objects and garbage on the first conveyor belt (15) one by one, and sorts them onto the second conveyor belt (23), and the outer wall of the movable frame (21) is installed with a metal detector (47); An electrostatic separation component, which is arranged at the conveying end of the conveyor belt 1 (15), is used to separate the plastic film waste from the solid waste that cannot be incinerated in the shredded domestic waste; The electrostatic separation component comprises an electrostatic separation chamber (24), the electrostatic separation chamber (24) being arranged on the ground, an electrostatic separator (28) being arranged on the inner wall of the electrostatic separation chamber (24), a grounding device (29) being installed on the electrostatic separation chamber (24), the electrostatic separation chamber (24) being connected to a plastic film waste extraction component, a vibration separation component being arranged in the electrostatic separation chamber (24), and being used for quickly separating the residual waste after separation from the solid waste that cannot be incinerated, and an automatic door 1 (25), an automatic door 3 (27) and an automatic door 2 (26) being arranged on the top, bottom and side of the electrostatic separation chamber (24) respectively; The vibration separation component comprises two groups of protection boxes (30), the two groups of protection boxes (30) are respectively fixed on both sides of the electrostatic separation chamber (24), the two groups of protection boxes (30) are fixed with motor three (31) inside, the two groups of motor three (31) drive ends are connected with connecting rods (32), the two groups of connecting rods (32) are connected with installation frames (35), the outside of each connecting rod (32) is sleeved with a spring (33) in the area between the electrostatic separation chamber (24) and the installation frame (35), a plurality of conveying rollers (36) are rotatably arranged in the middle of the installation frame (35), a plurality of blocking rods (39) are fixed on the outer walls of the plurality of conveying rollers (36), and a driving component is arranged on the outer walls of the plurality of conveying rollers (36), an inclined leak plate (40) inclined at 45° is installed at the bottom of the inner wall of the electrostatic separation chamber (24), limiting grooves (34) corresponding to motor three (31) are opened on both sides of the electrostatic separation chamber (24), and the connecting rods (32) are penetrated in the limiting grooves (34); The driving component comprises a fourth motor (45), the driving end of the fourth motor (45) being connected to the end of any one of the conveying rollers (36), a pulley (37) being installed on the outer wall of each two adjacent conveying rollers (36), and a conveying belt (38) being sleeved on the outer sides of the two pulleys (37); The plastic film waste extraction component comprises a conveying pipe (42), one end of which is penetrated by the electrostatic separation chamber (24), a plurality of exhaust fans (43) are arranged on the outer wall of the conveying pipe (42), and a filter frame (44) is installed on the inner wall of the conveying pipe (42) at the exhaust fans (43) to prevent film impurities from contacting the exhaust fans (43); Weighing and sorting system, which is used to identify and remove large pieces of high-density materials that are not suitable for incineration from domestic waste after electrostatic separation treatment; The weighing and material distribution system comprises an overweight material conveyor belt (2), the overweight material conveyor belt (2) being arranged below the conveying end position of the conveyor belt three (41), a mounting frame (3) being arranged on one side of the frame of the overweight material conveyor belt (2), a weighing platform (4) being arranged on the top of the mounting frame (3), a balancing frame (5) being arranged on the top of the weighing platform (4), a plurality of balancing blocks (8) being arranged around the balancing frame (5), a plurality of pushing components being arranged on the plurality of balancing blocks (8), a plurality of rubber pads (6) being arranged on the upper surface of the balancing frame (5), a loading frame (7) being arranged on the upper surface of the plurality of rubber pads (6), a metal detector (47) being arranged at an angle of 45° at both ends of the bottom of the end of the conveyor belt three (41), the lasers of the two metal detectors (47) being emitted to the loading frame (7) to cover the top edge and the center position of the cabin, thereby forming a cross detection area, collecting the height and angle data of the garbage accumulation in the loading frame (7), and transmitting the data to the central control system; The push assembly comprises two groups of electric telescopic rods (48), the two groups of electric telescopic rods (48) are respectively mounted on a group of balancing blocks (8) in any cross direction through rotating parts, the other ends of the two groups of electric telescopic rods (48) are both mounted with discharge doors (49) through rotating parts, the two discharge doors (49) are rotatably connected to the loading frame (7), the outer walls of the balancing blocks (8) in the remaining two directions are both fixed with electric push rods (50), the driving end of each group of electric push rods (50) is fixed with a push plate (51), the two push plates (51) are externally arranged in the loading frame (7), are arranged vertically and do not contact each other, each push plate (51) is arranged horizontally with a discharge door (49), and a compliant material conveyor belt (52) is arranged below the weighing platform (4), the compliant material conveyor belt (52) and the overweight material conveyor belt (2) are respectively arranged horizontally parallel to the two discharge doors (49).

2. A method for incinerating and sorting domestic waste, characterized in that: Used in conjunction with the domestic waste incineration and sorting device described in claim 1, comprising the following steps: S1. The pre-treated domestic waste is transferred to the drying component through a feeding device for drying; S2, the domestic waste after drying passes through the bottom of the drying bin (10) and then falls onto the conveyor belt 1 (15). The metal sorting component sorts the metal waste from the waste on the conveyor belt 1 (15) one by one and puts the sorted metal waste onto the conveyor belt 2 (23) for recycling; S3, the domestic waste after metal sorting is conveyed to the conveying roller (36) for shredding and falls into the electrostatic separation chamber (24), the automatic door 2 (26) is closed, the electrostatic separator (28) is started, and an electric field is generated in the closed electrostatic separation chamber (24), and the shredded plastic film waste is adsorbed onto the collector plate due to the electrostatic effect, while the remaining solid waste is not adsorbed by the electrostatic force due to its good conductivity; S4, the motor 3 (31) is started, and the mounting frame (35) is driven to vibrate in the electrostatic separation chamber (24) via the connecting rod (32), thereby accelerating the separation of the plastic film from the remaining solid waste; S5, separation is completed, the exhaust fan (43) is started, and suction is generated to suck the plastic film waste in the electrostatic separation bin (24) into the conveying pipe (42) through the conveying pipe (42) and into the incineration equipment. At this time, the electrostatic separator (28) simultaneously reduces the electric field; S6, the second automatic door (26) is opened, the driving component is started, and the plurality of conveying rollers (36) are rotated toward the second automatic door (26) through the conveying component, driving the remaining non-incinerator objects to move out of the electrostatic separation bin (24) and fall onto the third conveyor belt (41), and then be conveyed to the incineration equipment; S7, the automatic door 2 (26) opens, and the remaining solid waste after processing falls onto the conveyor belt 3 (41) and is conveyed to the loading frame (7). At this time, the two laser radar sensors (53) detect the height of the waste in the loading frame (7). When the waste reaches the top of the loading frame (7), a signal is sent to the central control system, and the central control system controls the conveyor belt 3 (41) to stop running; S8, at this time, the weighing platform (4) detects whether the weight of the garbage in the loading frame (7) exceeds the standard. If the weight exceeds the standard, a set of electric telescopic rods (48) above the overweight material conveyor belt (2) is started, the discharge door (49) is opened, and the electric push rod (50) in the corresponding direction is started to push the push plate (51) to push the garbage onto the overweight material conveyor belt (2) for subsequent manual sorting of large pieces of high-density materials; S9. If the weight does not exceed the standard, another set of electric telescopic rods (48) is activated to open the discharge door (49), and the electric push rod (50) in the corresponding direction is activated to push the push plate (51) to push the garbage onto the compliant material conveyor belt (52), and the compliant material conveyor belt (52) conveys the garbage to a unified collection area to wait for incineration.

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