A method, device, equipment and medium for determining a single-bit gate operation parameter

Abstract

The application discloses a single-bit gate operation parameter determination method and device, equipment and medium, and relates to the technical field of superconducting quantum computing. The method comprises the following steps: keeping the microwave driving frequency unchanged, measuring the quantum state of the bit after repeating the first gate sequence for the first number of times; if the quantum state is transformed, changing the microwave driving frequency, continuing to measure the quantum state, determining the initial microwave driving frequency that does not cause the quantum state to be transformed, changing the initial microwave driving frequency, and continuing to measure the quantum state to determine the target microwave driving frequency that does not cause the quantum state to be transformed; keeping the microwave driving amplitude unchanged, measuring the quantum state of the bit after repeating the second gate sequence for the second number of times; if the quantum state is transformed, changing the current microwave driving amplitude, continuing to measure the quantum state, determining the initial microwave driving amplitude that does not cause the quantum state to be transformed, changing the initial microwave driving amplitude, and continuing to measure the quantum state to determine the target microwave driving amplitude that does not cause the quantum state to be transformed.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of superconducting quantum computing, and particularly relates to a method and device for determining parameters of single-bit gate operation, equipment and medium. BACKGROUND

[0002] A superconducting quantum computer is one of the popular schemes for realizing quantum computing, and as a carrier of quantum information processing, the fidelity of logical operation on a superconducting qubit will directly affect the output result of superconducting quantum computing. In order to realize algorithm demonstration and quantum simulation by using a superconducting quantum chip to build a quantum circuit, different bits need to be operated by different gate sequences, mainly single-bit gate operation and double-bit gate operation. For single-bit gate operation, the frequency and microwave driving amplitude of the bit to be operated need to be accurately determined to meet the experimental requirements. In addition, the double-bit gate operation also needs to prepare some initial states for two different bits, and the preparation of these initial states also needs accurate single-bit gate operation parameters. Therefore, the accurate determination of the gate operation parameters is converted into the accurate determination of the single-bit gate operation parameters, and the single-bit gate operation parameters mainly include the microwave driving frequency and the microwave driving amplitude.

[0003] The type of the currently mainly used superconducting qubit is a magnetic flux adjustable structure, and in the process of gate sequence operation, some noise will inevitably occur, which will cause the initially determined bit frequency to be unable to be normally used, so that the determination of the microwave driving frequency of the bit is needed before the new gate sequence operation. In addition, some external devices will inevitably have unstable output amplitude during operation, so that the microwave driving amplitude of the bit needs to be accurately determined during the new gate sequence operation.

[0004] At present, the research in this regard mainly focuses on determining the length and amplitude of single-bit microwave driving by adjusting a single microwave, and determining the bit microwave driving frequency by using Ramsey interference. However, the above method is time-consuming and difficult to distinguish the appropriate microwave length and amplitude, and is also easily affected by noise during the determination of the frequency.

[0005] In summary, how to accurately determine the microwave driving frequency and the microwave driving amplitude of the bit, and reduce the time consumption and the influence of other noise in the measurement are problems to be solved at present. SUMMARY

[0006] Therefore, the purpose of the present application is to provide a method and device for determining parameters of single-bit gate operation, equipment and medium, which can accurately determine the microwave driving frequency and the microwave driving amplitude of the bit, and reduce the time consumption and the influence of other noise in the measurement. The specific scheme is as follows:

[0007] In a first aspect, the present application discloses a method for determining a single-bit gate operation parameter, comprising:

[0008] keeping a current microwave drive frequency of a target bit unchanged, measuring a quantum state of the target bit after a first number of gate operations on the target bit based on a first gate sequence;

[0009] if the quantum state is transformed, changing the current microwave drive frequency based on a first preset frequency range, and continuing to measure the quantum state, to determine an initial microwave drive frequency that does not cause the quantum state to be transformed, and then changing the initial microwave drive frequency based on a second preset frequency range, and continuing to measure the quantum state, to determine a target microwave drive frequency that does not cause the quantum state to be transformed;

[0010] keeping a current microwave drive amplitude of the target bit unchanged, measuring a quantum state of the target bit after a second number of gate operations on the target bit based on a second gate sequence;

[0011] if the quantum state is transformed, changing the current microwave drive amplitude based on a first preset amplitude range, and continuing to measure the quantum state, to determine an initial microwave drive amplitude that does not cause the quantum state to be transformed, and then changing the initial microwave drive amplitude based on a second preset amplitude range, and continuing to measure the quantum state, to determine a target microwave drive amplitude that does not cause the quantum state to be transformed.

[0012] Optionally, after the target microwave drive frequency that does not cause the quantum state to be transformed is determined, the method further comprises:

[0013] verifying the accuracy of the target microwave drive frequency based on a first preset verification rule; wherein the first preset verification rule comprises:

[0014] taking the target microwave drive frequency as a current microwave drive frequency;

[0015] keeping the current microwave drive frequency unchanged, measuring a quantum state of the target bit after a third number of gate operations on the target bit based on a first gate sequence; wherein the third number has a multiple relationship with the first number, and the third number is greater than the first number;

[0016] judging whether the quantum state of the target bit is transformed or not, if not, the accuracy verification of the target microwave drive frequency is passed, otherwise, the accuracy verification of the target microwave drive frequency is failed.

[0017] Optionally, after the target microwave drive amplitude that does not cause the quantum state to be transformed is determined, the method further comprises:

[0018] verify the accuracy of the target microwave drive amplitude based on a second preset verification rule; wherein the second preset verification rule comprises:

[0019] take the target microwave drive amplitude as a current microwave drive amplitude;

[0020] keep the current microwave drive amplitude unchanged, measure the quantum state of the target bit after a fourth number of gate operations on the target bit based on a first gate sequence; wherein the fourth number has a multiple relationship with the second number, and the fourth number is greater than the second number;

[0021] determine whether the quantum state of the target bit has changed, if not, the accuracy verification of the target microwave drive amplitude is passed, otherwise it is not passed.

[0022] Optionally, after the step of measuring the quantum state of the target bit after a first number of gate operations on the target bit based on a first gate sequence, the method further comprises:

[0023] if the quantum state has not changed, re-execute the step of measuring the quantum state of the target bit after a first number of gate operations on the target bit based on a first gate sequence until the quantum state of the target bit is measured to have changed;

[0024] Correspondingly, after the step of measuring the quantum state of the target bit after a second number of gate operations on the target bit based on a second gate sequence, the method further comprises:

[0025] if the quantum state has not changed, re-execute the step of measuring the quantum state of the target bit after a second number of gate operations on the target bit based on a second gate sequence until the quantum state of the target bit is measured to have changed.

[0026] Optionally, the method of changing the current microwave drive frequency based on a first preset frequency range and continuing to measure the quantum state to determine the initial microwave drive frequency that does not change the quantum state, and then changing the initial microwave drive frequency based on a second preset frequency range and continuing to measure the quantum state to determine the target microwave drive frequency that does not change the quantum state, comprises:

[0027] change the current microwave drive frequency based on a frequency value in the first preset frequency range;

[0028] take the obtained first changed frequency as a new current microwave drive frequency, and then keep the current microwave drive frequency of the target bit unchanged, measure the quantum state of the target bit after a first number of gate operations on the target bit based on a first gate sequence;

[0029] If the quantum state is transformed, then jump back to the step of changing the current microwave driving frequency based on the frequency value in the first preset frequency range until the microwave driving frequency that does not cause the quantum state to be transformed is determined and taken as the initial microwave driving frequency;

[0030] changing the initial microwave driving frequency based on the frequency value in the second preset frequency range;

[0031] taking the obtained second transformed frequency as the new current microwave driving frequency, then keeping the current microwave driving frequency of the target bit unchanged, and measuring the quantum state of the target bit after the target bit is subjected to the first number of gate operations based on the first gate sequence;

[0032] If the quantum state is transformed, then jump back to the step of changing the initial microwave driving frequency based on the frequency value in the second preset frequency range until the microwave driving frequency that does not cause the quantum state to be transformed is determined and taken as the target microwave driving frequency.

[0033] Optionally, the current microwave driving amplitude is changed based on the first preset amplitude range, and the quantum state is continuously measured to determine the initial microwave driving amplitude that does not cause the quantum state to be transformed, then the initial microwave driving amplitude is changed based on the second preset amplitude range, and the quantum state is continuously measured to determine the target microwave driving amplitude that does not cause the quantum state to be transformed, comprising:

[0034] changing the current microwave driving amplitude based on the amplitude value in the first preset amplitude range;

[0035] taking the obtained first transformed amplitude as the new current microwave driving amplitude, then keeping the current microwave driving amplitude of the target bit unchanged, and measuring the quantum state of the target bit after the target bit is subjected to the second number of gate operations based on the second gate sequence;

[0036] If the quantum state is transformed, then jump back to the step of changing the current microwave driving amplitude based on the amplitude value in the first preset amplitude range until the microwave driving amplitude that does not cause the quantum state to be transformed is determined and taken as the initial microwave driving amplitude;

[0037] changing the initial microwave driving amplitude based on the amplitude value in the second preset amplitude range;

[0038] taking the obtained second transformed amplitude as the new current microwave driving amplitude, then keeping the current microwave driving amplitude of the target bit unchanged, and measuring the quantum state of the target bit after the target bit is subjected to the second number of gate operations based on the second gate sequence;

[0039] If the quantum state is transformed, then jump back to the step of changing the initial microwave drive amplitude in the amplitude range of the second preset, until the microwave drive amplitude that does not transform the quantum state is determined, and is taken as the target microwave drive amplitude.

[0040] Optionally, the method for determining the single-bit gate operation parameter further includes:

[0041] Taking the target microwave drive frequency as a current microwave drive frequency, and taking the target microwave drive amplitude as a current microwave drive amplitude.

[0042] Jump back to the step of measuring the quantum state of the target bit after the target bit is subjected to the first number of gate operations based on the first gate sequence while the current microwave drive frequency of the target bit is kept unchanged, until the number of jumps reaches a preset number, and taking the target microwave drive frequency and the target microwave drive amplitude obtained last time as a final microwave drive frequency and a final microwave drive amplitude.

[0043] In a second aspect, the present application discloses a device for determining a single-bit gate operation parameter, including:

[0044] A first operation module is configured to keep the current microwave drive frequency of the target bit unchanged, and measure the quantum state of the target bit after the target bit is subjected to the first number of gate operations based on the first gate sequence.

[0045] A frequency determination module is configured to, if the quantum state is transformed, change the current microwave drive frequency based on a first preset frequency range, and continue to measure the quantum state, so as to determine an initial microwave drive frequency that does not transform the quantum state, and then change the initial microwave drive frequency based on a second preset frequency range, and continue to measure the quantum state, so as to determine a target microwave drive frequency that does not transform the quantum state.

[0046] A second operation module is configured to keep the current microwave drive amplitude of the target bit unchanged, and measure the quantum state of the target bit after the target bit is subjected to the second number of gate operations based on the second gate sequence.

[0047] An amplitude determination module is configured to, if the quantum state is transformed, change the current microwave drive amplitude based on a first preset amplitude range, and continue to measure the quantum state, so as to determine an initial microwave drive amplitude that does not transform the quantum state, and then change the initial microwave drive amplitude based on a second preset amplitude range, and continue to measure the quantum state, so as to determine a target microwave drive amplitude that does not transform the quantum state.

[0048] In a third aspect, the present application discloses an electronic device, including:

[0049] a memory for storing the computer program;

[0050] a processor for executing the computer program to implement the steps of the method for determining a single-bit gate operation parameter as disclosed above.

[0051] In a fourth aspect, the present application discloses a computer readable storage medium for storing a computer program; wherein the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method for determining a single-bit gate operation parameter as disclosed above.

[0052] It can be seen that the present application first keeps the current microwave drive frequency of a target bit unchanged, measures the quantum state of the target bit after a first number of gate operations on the target bit based on a first gate sequence, and if the quantum state is transformed, changes the current microwave drive frequency based on a first preset frequency range, and continues to measure the quantum state to determine an initial microwave drive frequency that does not cause the quantum state to be transformed, then changes the initial microwave drive frequency based on a second preset frequency range, and continues to measure the quantum state to determine a target microwave drive frequency that does not cause the quantum state to be transformed; then keeps the current microwave drive amplitude of the target bit unchanged, measures the quantum state of the target bit after a second number of gate operations on the target bit based on a second gate sequence, and if the quantum state is transformed, changes the current microwave drive amplitude based on a first preset amplitude range, and continues to measure the quantum state to determine an initial microwave drive amplitude that does not cause the quantum state to be transformed, then changes the initial microwave drive amplitude based on a second preset amplitude range, and continues to measure the quantum state to determine a target microwave drive amplitude that does not cause the quantum state to be transformed.

[0053] Beneficial effects: first, the present application keeps the current microwave drive frequency of the target bit unchanged, measures the quantum state of the target bit after the first number of gate operations based on the first gate sequence, and if the quantum state is transformed, changes the current microwave drive frequency based on the first preset frequency range, and continues to measure the quantum state to determine the initial microwave drive frequency that does not transform the quantum state. Further, the initial microwave drive frequency is changed based on the second preset frequency range, and the quantum state is continuously measured to determine the target microwave drive frequency that does not transform the quantum state. That is, the present application first determines the approximate frequency that does not transform the quantum state based on the first preset frequency range, and then determines the accurate frequency that does not transform the quantum state based on the second preset frequency range, so as to reduce the time consumption. The way to determine the microwave drive amplitude is consistent with the way to determine the microwave drive frequency. First, the current microwave drive amplitude of the target bit is kept unchanged, the quantum state of the target bit is measured after the second number of gate operations based on the second gate sequence, and if the quantum state is transformed, the current microwave drive amplitude is changed based on the first preset amplitude range, and the quantum state is continuously measured to determine the initial microwave drive amplitude that does not transform the quantum state. Further, the initial microwave drive amplitude is changed based on the second preset amplitude range, and the quantum state is continuously measured to determine the target microwave drive amplitude that does not transform the quantum state. That is, the present application first determines the approximate amplitude that does not transform the quantum state based on the first preset amplitude range, and then determines the accurate amplitude that does not transform the quantum state based on the second preset amplitude range, so as to reduce the time consumption. In this way, the present application first accurately calibrates the microwave drive frequency according to the first gate sequence; after obtaining the accurate value of the microwave drive frequency, the microwave drive amplitude is accurately calibrated according to the second gate sequence, that is, the present application can accurately determine the microwave drive frequency and the microwave drive amplitude of the bit by using simple gate sequence operations, and reduces the time consumption and the influence of other noises in the measurement. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0054] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or the prior art description will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor on the basis of the provided drawings.

[0055] Figure 1 A flow chart of a single-bit gate operation parameter determination method disclosed by the present application;

[0056] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a first gate sequence disclosed by the present application;

[0057] Figure 3A schematic diagram of a second gate sequence disclosed in the present application;

[0058] Figure 4 A flowchart of a method for accurately determining a microwave drive frequency disclosed in the present application;

[0059] Figure 5 A flowchart of a method for accurately determining a microwave drive amplitude disclosed in the present application;

[0060] Figure 6 A structural schematic diagram of a single-bit gate operation parameter determination device disclosed in the present application;

[0061] Figure 7 A structural diagram of an electronic device disclosed in the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0062] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, but not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0063] The type of superconducting qubit currently mainly used is a magnetic flux adjustable structure. During the operation of a gate sequence, some noise inevitably occurs, which causes the initially determined bit frequency to be unable to be normally used. Therefore, the microwave drive frequency of the bit needs to be determined before a new gate sequence operation is performed. In addition, during the operation of some external devices, the output amplitude is inevitably unstable. Therefore, the microwave drive amplitude of the bit needs to be accurately determined during the operation of a new gate sequence. At present, the research in this regard mainly focuses on determining the length and amplitude of single-bit microwave drive by adjusting a single microwave, and determining the bit microwave drive frequency by using Ramsey interference. However, the above method is time-consuming and difficult to distinguish the appropriate microwave length and amplitude, and is also easily affected by noise during the determination of the frequency.

[0064] Therefore, the embodiments of the present application disclose a single-bit gate operation parameter determination method, device, equipment and medium, which can accurately determine the microwave drive frequency and the microwave drive amplitude of the bit, and reduce the time consumption and the influence of other noise in the measurement.

[0065] Referring to Figure 1 The embodiments of the present application disclose a single-bit gate operation parameter determination method, which comprises the following steps:

[0066] Step S11: keeping the current microwave driving frequency of the target bit unchanged, measuring the quantum state of the target bit after the target bit is operated by a first number of gates based on a first gate sequence.

[0067] The application first measures the quantum state of the target bit after the target bit is operated by a first number of gates based on a first gate sequence while keeping the current microwave driving frequency of the target bit unchanged. It should be noted that a single-bit gate operation refers to a quantum operation on a single quantum bit, and a single-bit gate operation mainly consists of the following: π , Y π , X π⁄2 , Y π⁄2 and X -π , Y -π , X -π⁄2 , Y -π⁄2 These gate operations can change the quantum state of the quantum bit; a gate sequence is a combination of multiple single-bit gates arranged in a certain order.

[0068] Taking the X gate operation as an example, the first gate sequence used in the embodiment is X π⁄2 , X -π⁄2 , and the first number is N. That is, on the basis of the originally determined single-bit gate operation, the first gate sequence X π⁄2 , X -π⁄2 is designed, and then the current microwave driving frequency of the target bit is kept unchanged, and the first gate sequence is repeated N times, and the quantum state of the target bit is measured. Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a first gate sequence disclosed by the application.

[0069] Step S12: if the quantum state is transformed, changing the current microwave driving frequency based on a first preset frequency range and continuing to measure the quantum state to determine an initial microwave driving frequency that does not transform the quantum state, and then changing the initial microwave driving frequency based on a second preset frequency range and continuing to measure the quantum state to determine a target microwave driving frequency that does not transform the quantum state.

[0070] In the embodiment, whether the quantum state is transformed is determined. It is assumed that the quantum state of the bit can be stably in the |0> state under the current microwave driving frequency, but after the gate sequence is repeated N times, the measured |0> state and |1> state are exchanged due to the change of the value of N, and therefore, it indicates that the frequency of the bit has changed at this time, resulting in that the originally set microwave frequency for driving the bit is no longer accurate.

[0071] In one embodiment, if the quantum state is transformed, the current microwave driving frequency is changed based on a first preset frequency range, and the quantum state is continuously measured to determine an initial microwave driving frequency that does not transform the quantum state. Further, the initial microwave driving frequency is changed based on a second preset frequency range, and the quantum state is continuously measured to determine a target microwave driving frequency that does not transform the quantum state.

[0072] That is, after the quantum state is transformed, the current microwave driving frequency is changed based on the first preset frequency range, and the quantum state is continuously measured. It can be found that a rough frequency point can be found with the change of the microwave driving frequency, at which time the measured |0> state and |1> state are no longer exchanged, and only the |0> state is obtained, and the frequency point is taken as the initial microwave driving frequency. For example, assuming that the current microwave driving frequency is 100 MHz, and the first preset frequency range is [-5, 5] MHz, a rough frequency point that does not transform the quantum state is found in the range of 95-105 MHz as the initial microwave driving frequency, for example, 102 MHz.

[0073] Further, the initial microwave driving frequency is changed based on the second preset frequency range, and the quantum state is continuously measured. For example, assuming that the second preset frequency range is [-0.5, 0.5] MHz, a target microwave driving frequency that does not transform the quantum state is found in the range of 101.5-102.5 MHz, for example, 102.2 MHz. That is, the application narrows the range of changing the driving microwave frequency around the selected initial microwave driving frequency, and accurately changes the driving microwave frequency range, so as to obtain the accurate driving frequency for the single-bit gate operation.

[0074] It can be seen that the application first determines the approximate frequency that does not transform the quantum state based on the first preset frequency range, and then determines the accurate frequency that does not transform the quantum state based on the second preset frequency range, so as to reduce the time consumption.

[0075] In another embodiment, if the quantum state is not transformed, the step of measuring the quantum state of the target bit after the first gate sequence is performed on the target bit for the first number of times is re-executed until the quantum state of the target bit is transformed. That is, taking N=10 as an example, if the quantum state is not transformed after repeating the first gate sequence 10 times, the first gate sequence is repeated 10 times again, and so on, until the quantum state of the target bit is transformed.

[0076] It also needs to be pointed out that the embodiment can also verify the accuracy of the target microwave drive frequency, and specifically, after the target microwave drive frequency that does not transform the quantum state is determined, the method further comprises: verifying the accuracy of the target microwave drive frequency based on a first preset verification rule; wherein the first preset verification rule comprises: taking the target microwave drive frequency as the current microwave drive frequency; keeping the current microwave drive frequency unchanged, measuring the quantum state of the target bit after the target bit is operated by the first gate sequence for a third number of times; wherein the third number has a multiple relationship with the first number, and the third number is greater than the first number; determining whether the quantum state of the target bit is transformed, if not, the accuracy verification of the target microwave drive frequency is passed, otherwise it is not passed. That is, the embodiment updates the current microwave drive frequency with the target microwave drive frequency, and then measures the quantum state of the target bit after the target bit is operated by the first gate sequence for a third number of times while keeping the current microwave drive frequency unchanged. Taking 3 as an example, that is, after updating the drive frequency, the number N of repeating the first gate sequence is changed to 3 times of the original number, and the quantum state is measured again. If the quantum state has not changed, that is, it is still in the |0> state, it is confirmed that the accuracy verification of the target microwave drive frequency is passed.

[0077] Step S13: keeping the current microwave drive amplitude of the target bit unchanged, measuring the quantum state of the target bit after the target bit is operated by the second gate sequence for a second number of times.

[0078] In the embodiment, the accurate microwave drive frequency has been obtained through the foregoing steps, and then the microwave drive amplitude is accurately determined. The way of determining the microwave drive amplitude is consistent with the way of determining the microwave drive frequency. First, the quantum state of the target bit is measured after the target bit is operated by the second gate sequence for a second number of times while keeping the current microwave drive amplitude of the target bit unchanged.

[0079] The second gate sequence used in the embodiment is specifically X π , X -π , and the second number is M, that is, on the basis of the originally determined single-bit gate operation, the second gate sequence X π , X -π is designed, and then the quantum state of the target bit is measured after the target bit is operated by the second gate sequence M times while keeping the current microwave drive amplitude of the target bit unchanged. Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a second gate sequence disclosed in the application.

[0080] Step S14: If the quantum state is transformed, the current microwave drive amplitude is changed based on a first preset amplitude range, and the measurement of the quantum state is continued to determine an initial microwave drive amplitude that does not transform the quantum state, and then the initial microwave drive amplitude is changed based on a second preset amplitude range, and the measurement of the quantum state is continued to determine a target microwave drive amplitude that does not transform the quantum state.

[0081] In this embodiment, the determination of whether the quantum state is transformed assumes that the quantum state of the bit can be stably in the |0> state at the current microwave drive amplitude, but after the gate sequence is repeated M times, the measured |0> state and |1> state are exchanged due to the change of the value of M, and thus the microwave drive amplitude is no longer accurate for the bit due to some device operation, and the microwave drive amplitude needs to be calibrated to meet the experiment.

[0082] In one specific embodiment, if the quantum state is transformed, the current microwave drive amplitude is changed based on a first preset amplitude range, and the measurement of the quantum state is continued to determine an initial microwave drive amplitude that does not transform the quantum state, and then the initial microwave drive amplitude is changed based on a second preset amplitude range, and the measurement of the quantum state is continued to determine a target microwave drive amplitude that does not transform the quantum state.

[0083] That is, after the quantum state is transformed, the current microwave drive amplitude is changed based on a first preset amplitude range, and the measurement of the quantum state is continued, and it can be found that a rough amplitude point can be found with the change of the microwave drive amplitude, at which point the measured |0> state and |1> state are no longer exchanged, and only the |0> state is obtained, and the amplitude point is taken as the initial microwave drive amplitude. For example, assuming that the current microwave drive amplitude is 0.5V MHz, and the first preset amplitude range is [-0.1, 0.1] MHz, a rough amplitude point that does not transform the quantum state is found in the range of 0.4-0.6V as the initial microwave drive amplitude, for example, 0.45V.

[0084] Further, the initial microwave drive amplitude is changed based on a second preset amplitude range, and the measurement of the quantum state is continued. For example, assuming that the second preset amplitude range is [-0.01, 0.01] MHz, a target microwave drive amplitude that does not transform the quantum state is found in the range of 0.44-0.46V, for example, 0.455V. That is, the application narrows the range of changing the drive microwave amplitude around the selected initial microwave drive amplitude, and accurately changes the range of the drive microwave amplitude, so as to obtain the accurate drive amplitude for the single-bit gate operation.

[0085] It can be seen that the application first determines the approximate amplitude that does not cause the quantum state to change based on the first preset amplitude range, and then determines the accurate amplitude that does not cause the quantum state to change based on the second preset amplitude range, so as to reduce the time consumption

[0086] In another specific embodiment, if the quantum state does not change, the step of measuring the quantum state of the target bit after the target bit is operated on by the second gate sequence for the second number of times is re-executed until the quantum state of the target bit changes. That is, taking M=5 as an example, if the quantum state does not change after the second gate sequence is repeated for 5 times, the second gate sequence is repeated for 5 times again, and so on, until the quantum state of the target bit changes.

[0087] It should be further pointed out that the embodiment can also verify the accuracy of the target microwave drive amplitude. Specifically, after the target microwave drive amplitude that does not cause the quantum state to change is determined, the accuracy of the target microwave drive amplitude is verified based on a second preset verification rule. The second preset verification rule includes: taking the target microwave drive amplitude as a current microwave drive amplitude; keeping the current microwave drive amplitude unchanged, measuring the quantum state of the target bit after the target bit is operated on by the first gate sequence for a fourth number of times; the fourth number has a multiple relationship with the second number, and the fourth number is greater than the second number; and determining whether the quantum state of the target bit changes. If the quantum state does not change, the accuracy verification of the target microwave drive amplitude is passed, otherwise it is not passed. That is, the embodiment updates the current microwave drive amplitude with the target microwave drive amplitude, and then measures the quantum state of the target bit after the target bit is operated on by the second gate sequence for a fourth number of times while keeping the current microwave drive amplitude unchanged. Taking a multiple of 3 as an example, that is, after the drive frequency is updated, the number M of times of repeating the first gate sequence is changed to 3 times of the original number, and the quantum state is measured again. If the quantum state does not change, that is, it is still in the |0> state, it is confirmed that the accuracy verification of the target microwave drive amplitude is passed.

[0088] In addition, the above method further includes: taking the target microwave drive frequency as a current microwave drive frequency, and taking the target microwave drive amplitude as a current microwave drive amplitude; and rejumping to the step of keeping the current microwave drive frequency of the target bit unchanged, measuring the quantum state of the target bit after the target bit is operated on by the first gate sequence for the first number of times, until the number of jumps reaches a preset number, and taking the target microwave drive frequency and the target microwave drive amplitude obtained last time as the final microwave drive frequency and the final microwave drive amplitude.

[0089] That is, the embodiment can also accurately calibrate the obtained target microwave drive frequency and target microwave drive amplitude. Specifically, the target microwave drive frequency is taken as the current microwave drive frequency, and the target microwave drive amplitude is taken as the current microwave drive amplitude, and then the steps of keeping the current microwave drive frequency of the target bit unchanged, measuring the quantum state of the target bit after the first number of gate operations on the target bit based on the first gate sequence, are repeatedly executed until the number of jumps reaches the preset number, and the target microwave drive frequency and the target microwave drive amplitude obtained last time are taken as the final microwave drive frequency and the final microwave drive amplitude. For example, repeating the above steps 3-5 times can accurately obtain the required single-bit gate operation parameters.

[0090] In addition, when calibrating the single-bit Y gate operation, the first gate sequence Y π⁄2 , Y -π⁄2 , the second gate sequence Y π , Y -π is used.

[0091] It should be noted that the single-bit gate operation parameters include not only the microwave drive frequency and the microwave drive amplitude, but also the pulse width or duration, the phase, and the rise and fall times of the control signal. Among them, the duration of the single-bit gate operation is a fixed value, generally 50ns-100ns-, and the embodiment does not calibrate this time parameter. When calibrating the phase parameter, the phase can be scanned from 0 to 2π with a certain step size, and the probability of the quantum state of the bit being in the |0> state is measured after each scan. If it is found that when the phase is π / 2, the result obtained is closest to the expected value, then π / 2 is determined as the calibrated phase. When calibrating the rise and fall times of the control signal, the single-bit gate operation can be actually performed, and a high-speed oscilloscope or other equipment can be used to measure the rise and fall times of the control signal, and then the relevant hardware parameters or the settings in the control software can be gradually adjusted, such as changing the gain of the amplifier, the parameters of the filter, etc., to achieve the desired rise and fall times.

[0092] Beneficial effects: first, the application keeps the current microwave drive frequency of the target bit unchanged, measures the quantum state of the target bit after the first number of gate operations based on the first gate sequence, and if the quantum state is transformed, changes the current microwave drive frequency based on the first preset frequency range, and continues to measure the quantum state to determine the initial microwave drive frequency that does not transform the quantum state. Further, the initial microwave drive frequency is changed based on the second preset frequency range, and the quantum state is continuously measured to determine the target microwave drive frequency that does not transform the quantum state. That is, the application first determines the approximate frequency that does not transform the quantum state based on the first preset frequency range, and then determines the accurate frequency that does not transform the quantum state based on the second preset frequency range, so as to reduce the time consumption. The way to determine the microwave drive amplitude is consistent with the way to determine the microwave drive frequency. First, the current microwave drive amplitude of the target bit is kept unchanged, the quantum state of the target bit is measured after the second number of gate operations based on the second gate sequence, and if the quantum state is transformed, the current microwave drive amplitude is changed based on the first preset amplitude range, and the quantum state is continuously measured to determine the initial microwave drive amplitude that does not transform the quantum state. Further, the initial microwave drive amplitude is changed based on the second preset amplitude range, and the quantum state is continuously measured to determine the target microwave drive amplitude that does not transform the quantum state. That is, the application first determines the approximate amplitude that does not transform the quantum state based on the first preset amplitude range, and then determines the accurate amplitude that does not transform the quantum state based on the second preset amplitude range, so as to reduce the time consumption. In this way, the application first accurately calibrates the microwave drive frequency according to the first gate sequence; after obtaining the accurate value of the microwave drive frequency, the microwave drive amplitude is accurately calibrated according to the second gate sequence, that is, the application can accurately determine the microwave drive frequency and the microwave drive amplitude of the bit by using simple gate sequence operations, reducing the time consumption and the influence of other noises in the measurement.

[0093] Referring to Figure 4 As shown in the above step S12: if the quantum state is transformed, the current microwave drive frequency is changed based on the first preset frequency range, and the quantum state is continuously measured to determine the initial microwave drive frequency that does not transform the quantum state, and then the initial microwave drive frequency is changed based on the second preset frequency range, and the quantum state is continuously measured to determine the target microwave drive frequency that does not transform the quantum state. Specifically, it can include the following steps:

[0094] Step S121: If the quantum state is transformed, change the current microwave drive frequency based on the frequency value in the first preset frequency range, take the obtained first transformed frequency as the new current microwave drive frequency, then keep the current microwave drive frequency of the target bit unchanged, and measure the quantum state of the target bit after the first number of gate operations based on the first gate sequence.

[0095] In this embodiment, if the quantum state is transformed, the current microwave drive frequency is changed based on the frequency value in the first preset frequency range. For example, assuming that the current microwave drive frequency is 100 MHz and the first preset frequency range is [-5, 5] MHz, 100 MHz can be changed in the order of -5 to 5, so that the first transformed frequency is 95 MHz. Then the current microwave drive frequency of the target bit is kept at 95 MHz, and the quantum state of the target bit is measured after the first gate sequence X π⁄2 , X -π⁄2 is repeated N times.

[0096] Step S122: If the quantum state is transformed, jump back to the step of changing the current microwave drive frequency based on the frequency value in the first preset frequency range until the microwave drive frequency that does not cause the quantum state to be transformed is determined and taken as the initial microwave drive frequency.

[0097] In this embodiment, if the quantum state is transformed, the current microwave drive frequency is changed again. According to the foregoing, the first transformed frequency has changed to 96 MHz. Then the current microwave drive frequency of the target bit is kept at 96 MHz, the first gate sequence is repeated N times, and the quantum state of the target bit is measured. If the quantum state is transformed, the current microwave drive frequency is changed to 97 MHz, and so on, until the microwave drive frequency that does not cause the quantum state to be transformed is determined and taken as the initial microwave drive frequency.

[0098] Step S123: Change the initial microwave drive frequency based on the frequency value in the second preset frequency range; take the obtained second transformed frequency as the new current microwave drive frequency, then keep the current microwave drive frequency of the target bit unchanged, and measure the quantum state of the target bit after the first number of gate operations based on the first gate sequence.

[0099] In this embodiment, after determining the initial microwave driving frequency, the initial microwave driving frequency is further changed based on frequency values ​​within a second preset frequency range. For example, assuming the initial microwave driving frequency is 102MHz and the second preset frequency range is [-0.5, 0.5]MHz, the 102MHz frequency can be changed sequentially from -0.5 to 0.5, resulting in a first transformed frequency of 101.5MHz. Then, keeping the current microwave driving frequency of the target bit at 101.5MHz, based on the first gate sequence X... π⁄2 X -π⁄2 The quantum state of the target bit is measured after performing N gate operations on it. That is, the first gate sequence is repeated N times at a driving frequency of 101.5MHz, and then the quantum state of the target bit is measured.

[0100] Step S124: If the quantum state changes, then jump back to the step of changing the initial microwave driving frequency based on the frequency value in the second preset frequency range, until a microwave driving frequency that prevents the quantum state from changing is determined and used as the target microwave driving frequency.

[0101] In this embodiment, if the quantum state changes, the initial microwave driving frequency is changed again. As described above, the frequency after the second change has become 101.6MHz. Then, the current microwave driving frequency of the target bit is kept at 101.6MHz, and the first gate sequence is repeated N times. The quantum state of the target bit is then measured. If the quantum state changes, the initial microwave driving frequency is changed to 101.7MHz, and so on, until the microwave driving frequency that prevents the quantum state from changing is determined and used as the target microwave driving frequency.

[0102] As can be seen, the calibration of the microwave drive frequency for single-bit X-gate operation in this application involves first finding an approximate frequency value in the coarse adjustment range, and then finding the precise frequency in the fine adjustment range to reduce calibration time.

[0103] See Figure 5 As shown, step S14 above: If the quantum state changes, the current microwave driving amplitude is changed based on a first preset amplitude range, and the quantum state is measured again to determine the initial microwave driving amplitude that prevents the quantum state from changing. Then, the initial microwave driving amplitude is changed based on a second preset amplitude range, and the quantum state is measured again to determine the target microwave driving amplitude that prevents the quantum state from changing. Specifically, this may include the following steps:

[0104] Step S141: If the quantum state is transformed, change the current microwave drive amplitude based on the amplitude in the first preset amplitude range, take the obtained first transformed amplitude as the new current microwave drive amplitude, then keep the current microwave drive amplitude of the target bit unchanged, and measure the quantum state of the target bit after the second number of gate operations based on the second gate sequence.

[0105] In this embodiment, if the quantum state is transformed, the current microwave drive amplitude is changed based on the amplitude in the first preset amplitude range. For example, assuming that the current microwave drive amplitude is 0.5V and the first preset amplitude range is [-0.1, 0.1]V, the 0.5V can be changed in the order of -0.1 to 0.1, and then the first transformed amplitude is 0.4V. Then the current microwave drive amplitude of the target bit is kept as 0.4V, and the quantum state of the target bit is measured after the second gate sequence X π , X -π is repeated M times.

[0106] Step S142: If the quantum state is transformed, return to the step of changing the current microwave drive amplitude based on the amplitude in the first preset amplitude range until the microwave drive amplitude that does not transform the quantum state is determined and taken as the initial microwave drive amplitude.

[0107] In this embodiment, if the quantum state is transformed, the current microwave drive amplitude is changed again. According to the foregoing, the first transformed amplitude has changed to 0.41V. Then the current microwave drive frequency of the target bit is kept as 0.41V, the second gate sequence is repeated M times, and the quantum state of the target bit is measured. If the quantum state is transformed, the current microwave drive amplitude is changed to 0.42V, and so on, until the microwave drive amplitude that does not transform the quantum state is determined and taken as the initial microwave drive amplitude.

[0108] Step S143: Change the initial microwave drive amplitude based on the amplitude in the second preset amplitude range; take the obtained second transformed amplitude as the new current microwave drive amplitude, then keep the current microwave drive amplitude of the target bit unchanged, and measure the quantum state of the target bit after the second number of gate operations based on the second gate sequence.

[0109] In this embodiment, after the initial microwave drive amplitude is determined, the initial microwave drive amplitude is changed based on the amplitudes in the second preset amplitude range. For example, assuming that the initial microwave drive amplitude is 0.45 V and the second preset amplitude range is (-0.01, 0.01) V, the initial microwave drive amplitude 0.45 V can be changed in the order of -0.01 to 0.01, and the first transformed amplitude is 0.441 V. Then, the current microwave drive amplitude of the target bit is kept as 0.441 V, the second gate sequence X π -π After the target bit is operated by the M gates, the quantum state of the target bit is measured. That is, the second gate sequence is repeated M times at the drive amplitude of 0.441 V, and the quantum state of the target bit is measured again.

[0110] Step S144: If the quantum state is transformed, the step of changing the initial microwave drive amplitude based on the amplitudes in the second preset amplitude range is re-executed until the microwave drive amplitude that does not transform the quantum state is determined and is used as the target microwave drive amplitude.

[0111] In this embodiment, if the quantum state is transformed, the initial microwave drive amplitude is changed again. According to the foregoing, the second transformed amplitude is 0.442 V at this time, and then the current microwave drive amplitude of the target bit is kept as 0.442 V, the second gate sequence is repeated M times, and the quantum state of the target bit is measured again. If the quantum state is transformed, the initial microwave drive amplitude is changed to 0.443 V, and the process is repeated until the microwave drive amplitude that does not transform the quantum state is determined and is used as the target microwave drive amplitude.

[0112] It can be seen that, for the calibration of the microwave drive amplitude of the single-bit X gate operation, the approximate amplitude value is found in the coarse adjustment range, and then the accurate amplitude is found in the fine adjustment range to reduce the calibration time.

[0113] Referring to FIG. 1, Figure 6 The embodiment of the present application discloses a single-bit gate operation parameter determination device, which comprises:

[0114] The first operation module 11 is configured to keep the current microwave drive frequency of the target bit unchanged, measure the quantum state of the target bit after the target bit is operated by the first gate sequence for the first number of times, and output the quantum state of the target bit.

[0115] ​The frequency determining module 12 is configured to, if the quantum state is transformed, change the current microwave driving frequency based on a first preset frequency range, continue to measure the quantum state, determine an initial microwave driving frequency that does not transform the quantum state, then change the initial microwave driving frequency based on a second preset frequency range, and continue to measure the quantum state to determine a target microwave driving frequency that does not transform the quantum state.

[0116] The second operation module 13 is configured to keep the current microwave driving amplitude of the target bit unchanged, measure the quantum state of the target bit after the target bit is subjected to the second number of gate operations based on the second gate sequence, and determine the quantum state of the target bit.

[0117] The amplitude determining module 14 is configured to, if the quantum state is transformed, change the current microwave driving amplitude based on a first preset amplitude range, continue to measure the quantum state, determine an initial microwave driving amplitude that does not transform the quantum state, then change the initial microwave driving amplitude based on a second preset amplitude range, and continue to measure the quantum state to determine a target microwave driving amplitude that does not transform the quantum state.

[0118] Beneficial effects: first, the present application keeps the current microwave drive frequency of the target bit unchanged, measures the quantum state of the target bit after the first number of gate operations based on the first gate sequence, and if the quantum state is transformed, changes the current microwave drive frequency based on the first preset frequency range, and continues to measure the quantum state to determine the initial microwave drive frequency that does not transform the quantum state. Further, the initial microwave drive frequency is changed based on the second preset frequency range, and the quantum state is continuously measured to determine the target microwave drive frequency that does not transform the quantum state. That is, the present application first determines the approximate frequency that does not transform the quantum state based on the first preset frequency range, and then determines the accurate frequency that does not transform the quantum state based on the second preset frequency range, to reduce the time consumption. The way to determine the microwave drive amplitude is consistent with the way to determine the microwave drive frequency. First, the current microwave drive amplitude of the target bit is kept unchanged, the quantum state of the target bit is measured after the second number of gate operations based on the second gate sequence, and if the quantum state is transformed, the current microwave drive amplitude is changed based on the first preset amplitude range, and the quantum state is continuously measured to determine the initial microwave drive amplitude that does not transform the quantum state. Further, the initial microwave drive amplitude is changed based on the second preset amplitude range, and the quantum state is continuously measured to determine the target microwave drive amplitude that does not transform the quantum state. That is, the present application first determines the approximate amplitude that does not transform the quantum state based on the first preset amplitude range, and then determines the accurate amplitude that does not transform the quantum state based on the second preset amplitude range, to reduce the time consumption. In this way, the present application first accurately calibrates the microwave drive frequency according to the first gate sequence; after obtaining the accurate value of the microwave drive frequency, the microwave drive amplitude is accurately calibrated according to the second gate sequence, that is, the present application can accurately determine the microwave drive frequency and the microwave drive amplitude of the bit by using simple gate sequence operations, reducing the time consumption and the influence of other noises in the measurement.

[0119] Since the embodiments of the device part correspond to the above-mentioned embodiments, the embodiments of the device part are described with reference to the embodiments of the above-mentioned method part, which will not be repeated here.

[0120] Figure 7 A structural schematic diagram of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present application. Specifically, it can include at least one processor 21, at least one memory 22, a power supply 23, a communication interface 24, an input / output interface 25, and a communication bus 26. The memory 22 is used to store a computer program, which is loaded and executed by the processor 21 to implement the related steps in the single-bit gate operation parameter determination method performed by the electronic device disclosed in any of the preceding embodiments.

[0121] In this embodiment, the power supply 23 is configured to provide operating voltage for each hardware device on the electronic device 20; the communication interface 24 is configured to create a data transmission channel between the electronic device 20 and external devices, and the communication protocol followed by the communication interface 24 can be any communication protocol applicable to the technical solution of the present application, which will not be specifically limited herein; the input and output interface 25 is configured to obtain external input data or output data to the outside, and the specific interface type can be selected according to the specific application needs, which will not be specifically limited herein.

[0122] The processor 21 can include one or more processing cores, such as a 4-core processor, an 8-core processor, etc. The processor 21 can be implemented in at least one of a hardware form of a DSP (Digital Signal Processing), an FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Array), and a PLA (Programmable Logic Array). The processor 21 can also include a main processor and a coprocessor. The main processor is a processor for processing data in a wake-up state, also known as a CPU (Central Processing Unit). The coprocessor is a low-power processor for processing data in a standby state. In some embodiments, the processor 21 can be integrated with a GPU (Graphics Processing Unit) that is responsible for rendering and drawing the content to be displayed on the display screen. In some embodiments, the processor 21 can also include an AI (Artificial Intelligence) processor configured to process machine learning-related computing operations.

[0123] In addition, the memory 22, as a carrier for storing resources, can be a read-only memory, a random access memory, a magnetic disk, or an optical disk, etc. The resources stored thereon include an operating system 221, a computer program 222, and data 223, etc. The storage mode can be temporary storage or permanent storage.

[0124] The operating system 221 is used to manage and control each hardware device on the electronic device 20 and the computer program 222, so as to realize the operation and processing of the processor 21 on the mass data 223 in the memory 22, and can be Windows, Unix, Linux, etc. The computer program 222 can further include a computer program capable of completing other specific work in addition to the computer program capable of completing the determination method of the single-bit gate operation parameter executed by the electronic device 20 disclosed in any one of the foregoing embodiments. The data 223 can include data transmitted by an external device received by the electronic device, data collected by the self input / output interface 25, etc.

[0125] Further, the embodiment of the present application further discloses a computer readable storage medium, the storage medium stores a computer program, and the computer program is loaded and executed by a processor to realize the determination method steps of the single-bit gate operation parameter disclosed in any one of the foregoing embodiments.

[0126] Further, the embodiment of the present application further discloses a computer program product, including computer programs / instructions, which are executed by a processor to realize the steps of the determination method of the single-bit gate operation parameter disclosed in any one of the foregoing embodiments.

[0127] In the specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the difference from other embodiments, and the same or similar parts of each embodiment can be referred to each other. For the device disclosed in the embodiment, since it corresponds to the method disclosed in the embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and the related parts can be referred to the method part.

[0128] Those skilled in the art can further realize that the units and algorithm steps of each example described in combination with the embodiments disclosed in the present application can be realized in electronic hardware, computer software or combination of the two. In order to clearly show the interchangeability of hardware and software, the components and steps of each example have been described in the above description. Whether the functions are realized in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to realize the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of the present application.

[0129] The steps of a method or algorithm described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein can be embodied directly in hardware, in a software module executed by a processor, or in a combination of the two. A software module can reside in Random Access Memory (RAM), flash memory, Read-Only Memory (ROM), electrically programmable ROM (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), registers, hard disk, a removable disk, a CD-ROM, or any other form of storage medium known in the art. An exemplary storage medium is coupled to the processor such that the processor can read information from, and write information to, the storage medium. In the alternative, hard disk can be used as a storage medium.

[0130] Finally, it should be noted that the terms "first" and "second", and the like, are used herein only to distinguish one entity or action from another, but do not necessarily require or imply any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises", "comprising", or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but can include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element preceded by "comprises... a" does not, without more limitations, foreclose the existence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes the recited element.

[0131] The above provides a detailed introduction to the method, device, equipment and storage medium for determining a single-bit gate operation parameter, and the principle and implementation mode of the present application are described herein by using specific examples. The above description of the embodiments is only used to help understand the method of the present application and its core idea; meanwhile, for those skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present application, the specific implementation mode and application range will be changed, and the above description of the present application should not be understood as a limitation.

Claims

1. A method for determining the operation parameters of a single-bit gate, characterized in that, include: Keeping the current microwave driving frequency of the target bit unchanged, the quantum state of the target bit is measured after performing a first number of gate operations on the target bit based on the first gate sequence; If the quantum state changes, the current microwave driving frequency is changed based on a first preset frequency range, and the quantum state is measured again to determine the initial microwave driving frequency that prevents the quantum state from changing. Then, the initial microwave driving frequency is changed based on a second preset frequency range, and the quantum state is measured again to determine the target microwave driving frequency that prevents the quantum state from changing. Keeping the current microwave drive amplitude of the target bit unchanged, the quantum state of the target bit is measured after performing a second number of gate operations on the target bit based on the second gate sequence; If the quantum state changes, the current microwave drive amplitude is changed based on a first preset amplitude range, and the quantum state is measured again to determine an initial microwave drive amplitude that prevents the quantum state from changing. Then, the initial microwave drive amplitude is changed based on a second preset amplitude range, and the quantum state is measured again to determine a target microwave drive amplitude that prevents the quantum state from changing.

2. The method for determining the single-bit gate operation parameters according to claim 1, characterized in that, After determining the target microwave driving frequency that prevents the quantum state from changing, the method further includes: The accuracy of the target microwave driving frequency is verified based on a first preset verification rule; wherein, the first preset verification rule includes: Use the target microwave driving frequency as the current microwave driving frequency; Keeping the current microwave driving frequency unchanged, the quantum state of the target bit is measured after performing a third number of gate operations on the target bit based on the first gate sequence; wherein, the third number is a multiple of the first number and the third number is greater than the first number; Determine whether the quantum state of the target bit has changed. If no change has occurred, the accuracy verification of the target microwave driving frequency passes; otherwise, it fails.

3. The method for determining the single-bit gate operation parameters according to claim 1, characterized in that, After determining the target microwave drive amplitude that prevents the quantum state from changing, the method further includes: The accuracy of the target microwave drive amplitude is verified based on a second preset verification rule; wherein the second preset verification rule includes: Use the target microwave drive amplitude as the current microwave drive amplitude; Keeping the current microwave drive amplitude unchanged, the quantum state of the target bit is measured after performing a fourth number of gate operations on the target bit based on the first gate sequence; wherein, the fourth number is a multiple of the second number, and the fourth number is greater than the second number; Determine whether the quantum state of the target bit has changed. If no change has occurred, the accuracy verification of the target microwave drive amplitude passes; otherwise, it fails.

4. The method for determining the single-bit gate operation parameters according to claim 1, characterized in that, After performing a first number of gate operations on the target bit based on the first gate sequence and measuring the quantum state of the target bit, the method further includes: If the quantum state does not change, the step of measuring the quantum state of the target bit after performing a first number of gate operations on the target bit based on the first gate sequence is repeated until the quantum state of the target bit changes. Accordingly, after performing a second number of gate operations on the target bit based on the second gate sequence and measuring the quantum state of the target bit, the method further includes: If the quantum state does not change, the step of measuring the quantum state of the target bit after performing a second number of gate operations on the target bit based on the second gate sequence is repeated until the quantum state of the target bit changes.

5. The method for determining the single-bit gate operation parameters according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of changing the current microwave driving frequency based on a first preset frequency range and continuing to measure the quantum state to determine an initial microwave driving frequency that prevents the quantum state from changing, and then changing the initial microwave driving frequency based on a second preset frequency range and continuing to measure the quantum state to determine a target microwave driving frequency that prevents the quantum state from changing, includes: The current microwave driving frequency is changed based on the frequency value within the first preset frequency range; The obtained first transformed frequency is used as the new current microwave driving frequency. Then, the current microwave driving frequency of the target bit is kept unchanged. The quantum state of the target bit is measured after performing a first number of gate operations on the target bit based on the first gate sequence. If the quantum state changes, the process jumps back to the step of changing the current microwave driving frequency based on the frequency value in the first preset frequency range, until a microwave driving frequency that prevents the quantum state from changing is determined and used as the initial microwave driving frequency. The initial microwave driving frequency is changed based on the frequency value within the second preset frequency range; The obtained second transformed frequency is used as the new current microwave driving frequency. Then, the current microwave driving frequency of the target bit is kept unchanged. The quantum state of the target bit is measured after performing a first number of gate operations on the target bit based on the first gate sequence. If the quantum state changes, the process jumps back to the step of changing the initial microwave driving frequency based on the frequency value in the second preset frequency range, until a microwave driving frequency that prevents the quantum state from changing is determined and used as the target microwave driving frequency.

6. The method for determining the single-bit gate operation parameters according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of changing the current microwave drive amplitude based on a first preset amplitude range and continuing to measure the quantum state to determine an initial microwave drive amplitude that prevents the quantum state from changing, and then changing the initial microwave drive amplitude based on a second preset amplitude range and continuing to measure the quantum state to determine a target microwave drive amplitude that prevents the quantum state from changing, includes: The current microwave drive amplitude is changed based on the amplitude within a first preset amplitude range; The obtained first transformed amplitude is used as the new current microwave driving amplitude. Then, keeping the current microwave driving amplitude of the target bit unchanged, the quantum state of the target bit is measured after performing a second number of gate operations on the target bit based on the second gate sequence. If the quantum state changes, the process jumps back to the step of changing the current microwave drive amplitude based on the amplitude within the first preset amplitude range, until a microwave drive amplitude that prevents the quantum state from changing is determined and used as the initial microwave drive amplitude. The initial microwave drive amplitude is changed based on the amplitude within the second preset amplitude range; The obtained second transformed amplitude is used as the new current microwave driving amplitude. Then, keeping the current microwave driving amplitude of the target bit unchanged, the quantum state of the target bit is measured after performing a second number of gate operations on the target bit based on the second gate sequence. If the quantum state changes, the process jumps back to the step of changing the initial microwave drive amplitude based on the amplitude within the second preset amplitude range, until a microwave drive amplitude that prevents the quantum state from changing is determined and used as the target microwave drive amplitude.

7. The method for determining single-bit gate operation parameters according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, Also includes: The target microwave driving frequency is used as the current microwave driving frequency, and the target microwave driving amplitude is used as the current microwave driving amplitude. The process involves re-jumping to the step of keeping the current microwave driving frequency of the target bit unchanged, performing a first number of gate operations on the target bit based on the first gate sequence, and measuring the quantum state of the target bit. This process continues until the number of jumps reaches a preset number, and the target microwave driving frequency and target microwave driving amplitude obtained at the last jump are taken as the final microwave driving frequency and final microwave driving amplitude.

8. A device for determining the operating parameters of a single-bit gate, characterized in that, include: The first operation module is used to keep the current microwave driving frequency of the target bit unchanged, and measure the quantum state of the target bit after performing a first number of gate operations on the target bit based on the first gate sequence. A frequency determination module is used to, if the quantum state changes, change the current microwave driving frequency based on a first preset frequency range, and continue to measure the quantum state to determine an initial microwave driving frequency that prevents the quantum state from changing; then, change the initial microwave driving frequency based on a second preset frequency range, and continue to measure the quantum state to determine a target microwave driving frequency that prevents the quantum state from changing. The second operation module is used to keep the current microwave drive amplitude of the target bit unchanged, and measure the quantum state of the target bit after performing a second number of gate operations on the target bit based on the second gate sequence. An amplitude determination module is used to, if the quantum state changes, change the current microwave driving amplitude based on a first preset amplitude range, and continue to measure the quantum state to determine an initial microwave driving amplitude that prevents the quantum state from changing; then, change the initial microwave driving amplitude based on a second preset amplitude range, and continue to measure the quantum state to determine a target microwave driving amplitude that prevents the quantum state from changing.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: Memory, used to store computer programs; A processor for executing the computer program to implement the steps of the method for determining single-bit gate operation parameters as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, Used to store a computer program; wherein, when the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of the method for determining single-bit gate operation parameters as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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