Gramineae vegetation granule formula and application thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a gramineous plant growing granule formula and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of ecological restoration, the gramineous plant growing granule formula is prepared from the following raw materials by mass: 1.96-1.99% of gramineous grass seeds, 17.99-55.86% of soil, 36.22-74.10% of an organic fertilizer, and 5.83-5.91% of an inorganic fertilizer.According to the preparation method of the gramineous plant growing granule formula, the soil, the fertilizer and the seeds are combined; during subsequent use, the rhizosphere environment of the reseeding forage grass can be effectively improved, the nutrient utilization efficiency can be improved, the planting of the reseeding forage grass can be promoted, the competitiveness of the reseeding forage grass and weeds can be improved, the soil has a bonding effect, seeds and the fertilizer can be combined together, a certain storage space can be provided for the seeds, direct contact with the fertilizer is avoided, and the seeds are prevented from being burnt to die; the soil can protect the seeds to a certain extent, so that the seeds are prevented from being gnawed by birds, insects and rats, a heat-preservation and water-retention environment is provided for the seeds, subsequent normal germination and growth are facilitated, the soil is easy to obtain and economical, and environmental pollution is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of ecological restoration, and more specifically to a formula of gramineous plant-growing particles and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Traditional seed pellet coating technology uses adhesives to stick seeds and fillers into pellets, but this method has relatively high economic costs and is mainly for seeds with regular characteristics. It is not very practical for slender grass seeds and is easy to damage the seeds. Grass planting pellets are a technology developed and improved on the seed pellet coating technology, which makes grass seeds into planting pellets. This method can effectively reduce the seeds being eaten by birds and other animals, improve the efficiency of grass establishment and nutrient utilization, and increase the ability to compete with weeds. At the same time, the purpose of traditional seed pellet coating technology is to improve seed activity and promote seed germination.

[0003] However, there is still a lack of some technical methods for making grass seeds into planting grains with low-cost and easily available materials, and formulas to improve the mixed sowing effect. Therefore, it is essential to study an optimal formula of grass planting grains for subsequent artificial grassland construction and grassland restoration. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention explores a formula of grass plant-growing granules, which aims to make granules through "grass seeds + fertilizer + soil" and stimulate the "plant-soil" feedback system to act on the subsequent restoration of degraded artificial grassland. Most of the nutrients in the fertilizer used can be directly used by forage grass, improving nutrient utilization efficiency and increasing its ability to compete with weeds. Sowing and fertilizing are carried out at the same time, which is conducive to the operation of drones. It takes into account the purpose of reducing economic costs and improving forage production. At the same time, forage grass and fertility stimulate the ability of microorganisms in the root system of forage grass, and microorganisms further increase soil fertility to promote forage growth and improve the competitiveness of forage grass.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides such a formula of grass plant grains:

[0006] The formula of the gramineous vegetation granules is made of the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 1.96-1.99% of gramineous grass seeds, 17.99-55.86% of soil, 36.22-74.10% of organic fertilizer, and 5.83-5.91% of inorganic fertilizer.

[0007] The preparation method of the Gramineae plant granule formula comprises the following steps:

[0008] S1. Raw material mixing: evenly mix grass seeds and fertile soil mixture in a ratio of 1:50;

[0009] S2, extrusion granulation: the mixed material is extruded by a roller extruder, the extrusion strength is 6-20N, and the speed is 55r / min;

[0010] S3. Planting particle molding: Obtain ellipsoidal particles with a length of 16 mm, a width of 11 cm, and a height of 10 mm.

[0011] The present invention also provides such a formula of Gramineae plant grains:

[0012] The formula of the gramineous vegetation granules is made of the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 1.96% of gramineous grass seeds, 55.27% of soil, 36.87% of organic fertilizer, and 5.85% of inorganic fertilizer.

[0013] As a further improvement of the present invention, the grass seeds of the Poaceae family are one or more combinations of annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lamk.), perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.), and orchard grass (Dactylis glomerata L.), and miscellaneous grass seeds can also be added according to the situation. The purity of the grass seeds and miscellaneous grass seeds is above 90%, and the germination rate is above 80%.

[0014] As a further improvement of the present invention, the amount of grass seeds added is 3.62 g / m2, of which the amount of perennial ryegrass added is 1.92 g / m2, the amount of annual ryegrass added is 0.98 g / m2, and the amount of orchardgrass added is 0.72 g / m2.

[0015] As a further improvement of the present invention, the ratio of soil to organic fertilizer required by the vegetation particles is 2:8 or 4:6 or 6:4, preferably 6:4.

[0016] As a further improvement of the present invention, the moisture content of the soil is controlled at 20% and passed through an 8 mm mesh sieve, and the amount of soil added is 102.1 g / ㎡.

[0017] As a further improvement of the present invention, the organic fertilizer is obtained by fermenting local cow dung, and the added amount of the organic fertilizer is 68.1 g / ㎡.

[0018] As a further improvement of the present invention, the inorganic fertilizer adopts one or more combinations of calcium magnesium phosphate type modifier, slow-release nitrogen fertilizer, and mineral potassium humate, and the added amount of the inorganic fertilizer is 10.8 g / m2, wherein the added amount of the calcium magnesium phosphate type modifier is 5.4 g / m2, and the added amount of the slow-release nitrogen fertilizer is 5.4 g / m2.

[0019] As a further improvement of the present invention, Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis are added to the calcium magnesium phosphate type improver.

[0020] As a further improvement of the present invention, the above-mentioned grass plant growth granule formula is used to promote the growth of forage grass and inhibit the development of weeds.

[0021] The present invention increases the interaction effect of microorganisms, plants and soil on the basis of the existing technology. Under the condition of minimum economic cost, the present invention improves the rhizosphere environment of forage grass and promotes its growth and competition through the combination of soil, fertilizer and seeds. At the same time, it stimulates the function of beneficial microorganisms in the soil to the greatest extent, improves the efficiency of nutrient utilization, and provides a good environment for the "high quality and high yield" of forage grass. The advantages of the present invention are:

[0022] (1) The preparation method of the plant growth granule formula of the present invention combines soil, fertilizer and seeds, and when used subsequently, it can effectively improve the rhizosphere environment of the reseeded forage grass, improve nutrient utilization efficiency, promote the establishment of the reseeded forage grass and improve its competitiveness with weeds.

[0023] (2) The "adhesive" used in the present invention is soil, which can not only combine seeds and fertilizers together, but also provide seeds with a certain storage space to avoid direct contact with fertilizers and being burned to death. In addition, soil is easy to obtain and economical, and will not cause environmental pollution.

[0024] (3) The soil in the present invention can provide a certain degree of protection for the seeds, preventing them from being eaten by birds, insects, and mice, and provides the seeds with a warm and water-retaining environment so that they can germinate and grow normally later.

[0025] (4) The present invention adds additional slow-release carbon and nitrogen based on the fact that gramineous forage grasses need more nitrogen fertilizers during their growth, thereby providing favorable conditions for the growth of gramineous forage grasses. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 This is a physical picture of the gramineous and miscellaneous grass plant pellets of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a later effect diagram of Example 1 of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 The effects of each formulation in Example 1 of the present invention on plant height;

[0029] Figure 4 The effects of each formulation in Example 1 of the present invention on soil microbial carbon;

[0030] Figure 5 The height of the plants in each formula of Example 2 of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 6 The aboveground biomass of vegetation in each formulation of Example 2 of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 7 The soil microbial carbon content of each formula in Example 2 of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 8 This is a physical picture of the double-roll extruder used for making gramineous and miscellaneous grass plant pellets of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The following examples are provided to facilitate a better understanding of the present invention, but are not intended to limit the present invention. The experimental methods in the following examples are conventional methods unless otherwise specified.

[0035] If not otherwise specified, the calcium magnesium phosphate type modifier in the present invention was purchased from Yunnan Fugui Phosphorus Chemical Co., Ltd., and the mineral potassium humate was purchased from Hunan Nature Ecological Biotechnology Co., Ltd.

[0036] Example 1

[0037] A pot experiment was used to prove the soil-fertilizer ratio of grass and weeds. Each pot contained 6.5kg of soil from the surface of the grass to 10cm, and 50 grass and weeds "seed + fertilizer + soil" pellets were planted in each pot. The materials are as follows:

[0038] Soil: Pass through 8mm sieve, moisture content controlled at 20%.

[0039] Grass species of the Poaceae family: perennial ryegrass, annual ryegrass, and orchardgrass.

[0040] Fertilizer: organic fertilizer fermented from cow dung, calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, slow-release nitrogen fertilizer, potassium humate from the mining institute. The specific addition amounts are shown in Table 1.

[0041] The formula of each plant growth pellet is as follows:

[0042] G1: Soil: Cow dung fermented organic fertilizer 2:8 + calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer + slow-release nitrogen fertilizer

[0043] G2: Soil: Cow dung fermented organic fertilizer 2:8 + calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer + slow-release nitrogen fertilizer + mineral potassium humate

[0044] G3: Soil: Cow dung fermented organic fertilizer 4:6 + calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer + slow-release nitrogen fertilizer

[0045] G4: Soil: Cow dung fermented organic fertilizer 4:6 + calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer + slow-release nitrogen fertilizer + mineral potassium humate

[0046] G5: Soil: Cow dung fermented organic fertilizer 6:4 + calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer + slow-release nitrogen fertilizer

[0047] G6: Soil: Cow dung fermented organic fertilizer 6:4 + calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer + slow-release nitrogen fertilizer + mineral potassium humate

[0048] In this case, the plant height was measured two months after planting the plant growth pellets. The results of this case show that among the six formulations, the grass forages grew well, among which G4 had the highest plant height, averaging 33.52cm, followed by G5 (32.14cm). In addition, under the G4 and G5 formulations, the number of plants was the largest, with 8 plants. The soil microbial carbon (MBC) content of G1, G2 and G5 formulations was significantly higher than that of the other formulations ( Figure 4). In comprehensive comparison, the formula method of soil: organic fertilizer of 6:4 is more effective in promoting the growth of grass and activating the beneficial microbial functions of the soil.

[0049] Table 1 Soil and fertilizer addition amount for each formula

[0050]

[0051] Table 2 Number of plants under each formula

[0052]

[0053] Example 2

[0054] The pot experiment proves that the ratio of soil: organic fertilizer is 6:4 in inorganic fertilizer of Gramineae plant growing pellets, 6.5kg of grass surface 0-10cm soil per pot, 50 Gramineae "seed + fertilizer + soil" plant growing pellets are planted in each pot. The materials are as follows:

[0055] Soil: Pass through 8mm sieve, moisture content controlled at 20%.

[0056] Grass species: perennial ryegrass, orchardgrass

[0057] Fertilizer: organic fertilizer fermented from cow dung, calcium magnesium phosphorus improver, slow-release nitrogen fertilizer, urea, potassium humate from the mine. See Table 3 for specific addition amounts.

[0058] The formula of each plant growth pellet is as follows:

[0059] Control 1 (CK1): Cow dung fermented organic fertilizer + calcium magnesium phosphate improver + slow-release nitrogen fertilizer 1.5% + mineral potassium humate + ryegrass (broadcast)

[0060] H1: soil + fermented cow dung organic fertilizer + calcium magnesium phosphate improver + slow-release nitrogen fertilizer 1.5% + mineral potassium humate + ryegrass (vegetation grains)

[0061] H2: soil + fermented cow dung organic fertilizer + calcium magnesium phosphate improver + slow-release nitrogen fertilizer 3% + mineral potassium humate + ryegrass (vegetation grains)

[0062] H3: soil + fermented cow dung organic fertilizer + calcium magnesium phosphate improver + slow-release nitrogen fertilizer 6% + mineral potassium humate + ryegrass (vegetation grains)

[0063] H4: soil + fermented cow dung organic fertilizer + calcium magnesium phosphate improver + slow-release nitrogen fertilizer 1.5% + mineral potassium humate + ryegrass (vegetation grains)

[0064] Control 2 (CK2): spreading cow dung fermented organic fertilizer + calcium magnesium phosphate improver + urea 6% + mineral potassium humate + Duckgrass (broadcast)

[0065] Y1: soil + fermented cow dung organic fertilizer + calcium magnesium phosphate improver + slow-release nitrogen fertilizer 1.5% + mineral potassium humate + Duckgrass (vegetation grains)

[0066] Y2: soil + fermented cow dung organic fertilizer + calcium magnesium phosphate improver + slow-release nitrogen fertilizer 3% + mineral potassium humate + Duckgrass (vegetation grains)

[0067] Y3: soil + fermented cow dung organic fertilizer + calcium magnesium phosphate improver + slow-release nitrogen fertilizer 6% + mineral potassium humate + Duckgrass (vegetation grains)

[0068] Y4: soil + fermented cow dung organic fertilizer + calcium magnesium phosphate improver + slow-release nitrogen fertilizer 1.5% + mineral potassium humate + Duckgrass (vegetation grains)

[0069] Table 3 Fertilizer and grass seed addition amount for each formula

[0070]

[0071] In this case, the plant height was measured once five months after planting the plant pellets, and the plant biomass was determined. The results of this case show that the plant height of the grass plant pellet formula is significantly higher than the plant height of the broadcast method. For example, the average plant height of ryegrass plant pellets is 79.5cm, while the average plant height after broadcasting ryegrass is 67.9cm; the plant height of the Duckgrass plant pellet formula (30.75cm) is also significantly higher than the Duckgrass broadcast formula (23.12cm) ( Figure 5 ). At the same time, the biomass of ryegrass in the vegetative pellet method was higher than that of ryegrass in the broadcast method ( Figure 6 ). In addition, the plant-growing granule formula effectively promotes soil microbial carbon content and activates microbial functions ( Figure 7 ). Therefore, the vegetation particle method of the present invention can significantly promote the growth of forage grass and inhibit the development of weeds.

Claims

1. A formula of grass plant granules, characterized in that: The formula of the gramineous vegetation granules is made of the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 1.96-1.99% of gramineous grass seeds, 17.99-55.86% of soil, 36.22-74.10% of organic fertilizer, and 5.83-5.91% of inorganic fertilizer. The preparation method of the Gramineae plant granule formula comprises the following steps: S1. Raw material mixing: evenly mix grass seeds and fertile soil mixture in a ratio of 1:50; S2, extrusion granulation: the mixed material is extruded by a roller extruder, the extrusion strength is 6-20N, and the speed is 55r / min; S3. Planting particle molding: Obtain ellipsoidal particles with a length of 16 mm, a width of 11 cm, and a height of 10 mm.

2. A formula of grass plant granules according to claim 1, characterized in that: The formula of the gramineous vegetation granules is made of the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 1.96% of gramineous grass seeds, 55.27% of soil, 36.87% of organic fertilizer, and 5.85% of inorganic fertilizer.

3. The formula of the gramineous plant granules according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grass seeds of the Gramineae family are one or more combinations of annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lamk.), perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.), and orchard grass (Dactylis glomerata L.), and miscellaneous grass seeds can also be added according to the situation. The purity of the grass seeds and miscellaneous grass seeds is above 90%, and the germination rate is above 80%.

4. A formula of grass plant grains according to claim 3, characterized in that: The amount of grass seeds added is 3.62 g / ㎡, of which the amount of perennial ryegrass added is 1.92 g / ㎡, the amount of annual ryegrass added is 0.98 g / ㎡, and the amount of orchardgrass added is 0.72 g / ㎡.

5. The formula of the gramineous plant granules according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ratio of soil to organic fertilizer required by the vegetation particles is 2:8 or 4:6 or 6:

4.

6. The formula of the gramineous plant granules according to claim 5, characterized in that: The moisture content of the soil was controlled at 20% and passed through an 8 mm mesh sieve. The amount of soil added was 102.1 g / ㎡.

7. The formula of the grass plant granules according to claim 5, characterized in that: The organic fertilizer is obtained by fermenting local cow dung, and the added amount of the organic fertilizer is 68.1 g / ㎡.

8. The Gramineae plant granule formula according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inorganic fertilizer adopts one or more combinations of calcium magnesium phosphate type improver, slow-release nitrogen fertilizer, and mineral potassium humate. The added amount of the inorganic fertilizer is 10.8g / ㎡, among which the added amount of the calcium magnesium phosphate type improver is 5.4g / ㎡, and the added amount of the slow-release nitrogen fertilizer is 5.4g / ㎡.

9. The formula of Gramineae plant granules according to claim 8, characterized in that: Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis are added to the calcium magnesium phosphorus type improver.

10. Use of the gramineous plant-growing granule formula according to any one of claims 1 to 9 in promoting the growth of forage grass and inhibiting the development of weeds.

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