A downhole mechanical transmission type anchoring and cutting tool

Abstract

The present invention discloses a downhole mechanical transmission type anchoring and cutting tool, which includes an anchoring device part, a transmission device part and a cutting part. The anchoring device part includes an anchoring outer shell, anchoring blocks, an anchoring piston and a push cylinder; the transmission device part includes an upper outer shell, a transmission piston, a spring, a motor bushing, a transmission motor, a reducer, a coupling and a transmission shaft; the cutting part includes a lower outer shell, a thrust ball bearing and a cutter. When the tool of the present invention is placed at the downhole working position, hydraulic pipelines respectively deliver hydraulic oil into the cavities below the push cylinder and above the transmission piston. The push cylinder and the transmission piston start to move axially relative to the tool, respectively driving the axial movement of the anchoring piston and the transmission shaft, so as to complete the anchoring of the tool and the feeding of the cutter. At this time, the transmission motor starts to work, and the transmission shaft rotates to drive the cutter to cut. After the cutting is completed, the push cylinder and the transmission piston reset, ending the anchoring and retracting the cutter, and the tool is then recovered.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of downhole tools, and particularly to a downhole mechanical transmission type anchoring and cutting tool. Background Art

[0002] Downhole cutting tools are essential equipment in oil and gas exploitation and are widely used in downhole operations such as casing cutting, drill pipe cutting, production pipeline cutting, etc. Their main function is to complete cutting tasks downhole through mechanical, thermal or chemical means, providing conditions for subsequent operations. Such tools usually need to work in harsh environments such as high temperature and high pressure, and strongly corrosive fluids, posing high requirements on the performance, durability and operation convenience of the tools.

[0003] Currently, common downhole cutting tools mainly include mechanical cutting, deflagration cutting and chemical cutting. However, many mechanical and deflagration cutting tools have low cutting accuracy and are prone to damaging other downhole equipment. Deflagration cutting and chemical cutting tools have safety hazards, such as the possibility of triggering downhole explosions or fires during operation. Some high-precision cutting tool equipment is expensive and difficult to maintain, increasing the operation cost. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a downhole mechanical transmission type anchoring and cutting tool, which adopts a mechanical cutting method to improve the performance of the tool and enhance the efficiency and safety of downhole operations.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention is realized through the following technical solutions:

[0006] A downhole mechanical transmission type anchoring and cutting tool includes an anchoring device part, a transmission device part and a cutting part.

[0007] The anchoring device part includes an anchoring outer shell, anchoring blocks, an anchoring piston and a push cylinder; the upper end of the anchoring outer shell is connected to other structures of the tool, and 4 sliding grooves are opened along the circumferential direction of the outer shell, and slide ways are arranged on both the left and right sides in the sliding grooves; the anchoring blocks adopt a trapezoidal platform structure, with symmetrically distributed inclined grooves opened on both the left and right sides and a T-shaped inclined groove opened at the bottom end; 4 convex platforms are distributed above the anchoring piston, and the convex platforms cooperate with the T-shaped inclined groove at the bottom end of the anchoring block and can move relative to each other. The lower part of the anchoring piston is connected to the push cylinder through bolts to form an integral body; the upper end of the push cylinder is fixedly connected to the lower end through 4 cylinders; when the push cylinder drives the anchoring piston to move upward along the axial direction of the tool, the anchoring piston and the anchoring block move relative to each other, and the anchoring block is pushed out to realize the anchoring of the tool.

[0008] The transmission device part includes an upper housing body, a transmission piston, a spring, a motor bushing, a transmission motor, a reducer, a coupling and a transmission shaft; a spring is installed below the transmission piston, and its bottom is connected to the motor bushing; a transmission motor is installed inside the motor bushing, the output shaft of the transmission motor is connected to the reducer, and the output shaft end of the reducer is connected to the transmission shaft through a coupling.

[0009] The cutting part includes a lower housing, a thrust ball bearing, and a cutter; a through hole is provided at the upper end of the lower housing, and a cylindrical boss is provided on its outer side and a channel is opened; the number of thrust ball bearings is set to 2, and they are installed above and below the cylindrical boss of the lower housing; the cutter is installed in the channel of the lower housing through a shaft pin.

[0010] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the number of the anchoring blocks is set to 4, which are distributed in the sliding grooves of the anchoring housing and cooperate with the sliding tracks; the inclined grooves on the left, right and below of the anchoring blocks respectively cooperate with the sliding tracks in the sliding grooves and the convex platforms on the anchoring piston, so that the anchoring blocks only perform radial movement relative to the anchoring housing.

[0011] As a further technical solution of the present invention, a hollow shaft is provided at the center of the tool, and the hollow shaft passes through the anchoring housing, the anchoring piston, the push cylinder, the transmission piston and the motor bushing. A hydraulic flow channel is provided in the hollow shaft, and a hydraulic pipeline is opened in the upper housing body to allow hydraulic oil to flow through the cavities below the push cylinder and above the transmission piston; a cable is arranged in the hollow shaft, and the cable passes through the motor bushing to provide electric energy for the transmission motor inside it.

[0012] As a further technical solution of the present invention, 4 circular through holes are opened inside the upper housing body, and 4 cylinders in the middle of the push cylinder pass through the through holes to enable the push cylinder to perform axial movement inside the housing; 2 convex platforms are provided at the lower part of the upper housing body, and the cylindrical boss of the lower housing is installed between these 2 convex platforms to limit the axial movement of the lower housing body.

[0013] As a further technical solution of the present invention, when hydraulic oil is input into the cavity above the transmission piston, the transmission piston moves axially downward, and at the same time pushes the motor bushing, the transmission motor, the reducer, the coupling and the transmission shaft to move axially downward. The downward axial movement of the transmission shaft can push the cutter to rotate around the shaft pin to complete the feeding of the tool.

[0014] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the upper part of the transmission shaft is set as a Reuleaux triangle, and the lower part is set as a cylinder, with a groove opened in the middle; when the transmission motor drives the transmission shaft to rotate through the reducer and the coupling, the upper part of the transmission shaft drives the lower housing body to rotate through the structure of the Reuleaux triangle, and the lower housing body only rotates relative to the upper housing body through the cylindrical boss and the installed thrust ball bearing.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0016] 1. In the present invention, the anchoring blocks adopt a trapezoidal platform structure, and inclined grooves are opened on both sides and below for easy installation and disassembly, and at the same time make the anchoring process more stable; by replacing the anchoring blocks, the tool can complete anchoring under different well conditions, and has a wide range of applications.

[0017] 2. The structure of the present invention is compact. Hydraulic pipelines and cables are arranged inside the hollow shaft at the center, avoiding the need to open pipelines in the tool housing, enhancing the overall strength of the tool, and improving the sealing performance of the device.

[0018] 3. In the present invention, the drive shaft adopts a Reuleaux triangle structure to replace the existing tool that uses a key connection to achieve the rotation of the lower housing driven by the drive shaft, significantly reducing the shearing effect of torque on the lower housing, and improving the strength of the shaft and the performance of the tool. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the present invention, form a part of the present invention, and do not limit the embodiments of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0020] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall appearance of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structural details of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 is a top view of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the A-A section of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the anchoring block of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the pushing piston of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the drive shaft of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the lower housing of the present invention.

[0028] Among them, 1 - anchoring housing, 2 - anchoring block, 3 - anchoring piston, 4 - push cylinder, 5 - upper housing, 6 - drive piston, 7 - spring, 8 - motor bushing, 9 - drive motor, 10 - reducer, 11 - coupling, 12 - drive shaft, 13 - lower housing, 14 - thrust ball bearing, 15 - cutter, 16 - hollow shaft. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0029] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0030] Embodiment:

[0031] A downhole mechanical transmission type anchoring and cutting tool, comprising an anchoring device part, a transmission device part and a cutting part;

[0032] The anchoring device part includes an anchoring housing 1, anchoring blocks 2, an anchoring piston 3, and a push cylinder 4; the upper end of the anchoring housing 1 is connected to other structures of the tool, and the housing is provided with 4 chutes in the circumferential direction, and slideways are arranged on both the left and right sides in the chutes; the anchoring blocks 2 adopt a trapezoidal platform structure, with symmetrically distributed inclined grooves on both the left and right sides, and a T-shaped inclined groove at the bottom end; 4 bosses are distributed above the anchoring piston 3, and the bosses cooperate with the T-shaped inclined groove at the bottom end of the anchoring block 2 and can move relative to each other. The lower part of the anchoring piston 3 is connected to the push cylinder 4 through bolts to form an integral body; the upper end of the push cylinder 4 is fixedly connected to the lower end through 4 cylinders; when the push cylinder 4 drives the anchoring piston 3 to move upward along the axial direction of the tool, the anchoring piston 3 and the anchoring block 2 move relative to each other, and the anchoring block 2 is pushed out to realize tool anchoring;

[0033] The number of the anchoring blocks 2 is set to 4, and they are distributed in the chutes of the anchoring housing 1; the inclined grooves on the left and right sides of the anchoring blocks 2 are respectively matched with the slideways in the chutes, and the anchoring blocks 2 only perform radial movement relative to the anchoring housing 1.

[0034] The transmission device part includes an upper housing body 5, a transmission piston 6, a spring 7, a motor bushing 8, a transmission motor 9, a reducer 10, a coupling 11, and a transmission shaft 12; a spring 7 is connected below the transmission piston 6, and a motor bushing 8 is connected to its bottom; a transmission motor 9 is installed in the motor bushing 8, the output shaft of the transmission motor 9 is connected to the reducer 10, and the output shaft end of the reducer 10 is connected to the transmission shaft 12 through the coupling 11.

[0035] 4 circular through holes are opened inside the upper housing body 5, and 4 cylinders in the middle of the push cylinder 4 pass through the through holes, so that the push cylinder 4 can perform axial movement inside the housing; 2 bosses are arranged at the lower part of the upper housing body 5.

[0036] When hydraulic oil is input into the cavity above the transmission piston 6, the transmission piston 6 moves axially downward, and at the same time, it pushes the motor bushing 8, the transmission motor 9, the reducer 10, the coupling 11 and the transmission shaft 12 to move axially downward.

[0037] The cutting part includes a lower housing 13, a thrust ball bearing 14, and a cutting tool 15; a through hole is provided at the upper end of the lower housing 13, a cylindrical boss is arranged on its outer side and a channel is opened, the cylindrical boss of the lower housing 13 is installed between two bosses of the upper housing 15, and the axial movement of the lower housing 13 is restricted by the upper housing 5; the number of thrust ball bearings 14 is set to 2, which are installed at the upper and lower positions of the cylindrical boss of the lower housing 13 and can bear the axial load from the tool; the cutting tool 15 is installed in the channel of the lower housing 13 through a shaft pin above, and the axial downward movement of the transmission shaft 12 can push the cutting tool 15 to rotate around the shaft pin to complete the feeding of the tool.

[0038] A hollow shaft 16 is provided at the center of the tool, and the hollow shaft 16 passes through the anchoring housing 1, the anchoring piston 3, the push cylinder 4, the transmission piston 6, and the motor bushing 8. A hydraulic flow channel is arranged in the hollow shaft 16, and upper and lower hydraulic pipelines are arranged in the upper housing 5. The lower hydraulic pipeline allows hydraulic oil to flow through the cavity below the push cylinder 4. The push cylinder 4 makes an axial upward movement under the action of the hydraulic oil to complete the anchoring action. After the anchoring is completed, the upper hydraulic pipeline inputs high-pressure hydraulic oil into the cavity above the push cylinder 4 to make the push cylinder 4 move downward, thereby ending the anchoring. The hydraulic working mode at the transmission piston is similar to that of the anchoring. Cables are arranged in the hollow shaft 16, and the cables pass through the motor bushing 8 to provide electrical energy for the transmission motor 9 inside.

[0039] The upper part of the transmission shaft 12 is set as a Reuleaux triangle, and the lower part is set as a cylinder with a slot in the middle; the axial downward movement of the transmission shaft 12 along the tool can push the cutting tool to rotate around the shaft pin to complete the feeding of the tool; when the transmission motor 9 drives the transmission shaft 12 to rotate through the reducer 10 and the coupling 11, the upper part of the transmission shaft 12 can drive the lower housing 13 to rotate through the structure of the Reuleaux triangle; the lower housing 13 only makes a relative rotation with the upper housing 5 through the cylindrical boss and the thrust ball bearing 14 installed above.

[0040] Working principle of this invention patent: When the tool is placed at the downhole working position, the hydraulic pipelines arranged in the hollow shaft 16 and the upper housing 5 convey hydraulic oil into the cavity below the push cylinder 4. Under the action of the hydraulic oil, the push cylinder 4 moves axially upward relative to the tool, and at the same time drives the anchoring piston 3 to move, pushing out the anchoring block 2 to achieve the anchoring of the tool. After the anchoring work is completed, the lower end of the hollow shaft 16 inputs hydraulic oil into the cavity above the transmission piston 6 through the hydraulic pipeline, and the transmission piston 6 then moves axially downward relative to the tool. At the same time, it pushes the motor bushing 8, the drive motor 9, the reducer 10, the coupling 11 and the transmission shaft 12 to move axially downward. The axial downward movement of the transmission shaft 12 pushes the cutter 15 to rotate around the pivot pin to complete the feeding of the cutter. After the cutter feeding is completed, the drive motor 9 starts to work, drives the transmission shaft 12 to rotate under the action of the reducer 10 and the coupling 11. The rotation of the transmission shaft 12 drives the lower housing 13 and the cutter 15 to rotate simultaneously to start the cutting work. After the cutting work is completed, the pressure above the transmission piston 6 is relieved, and the transmission piston 6 is reset under the action of the spring 7 to retract the cutter 15; high-pressure hydraulic oil is input into the hydraulic pipeline of the cavity above the push cylinder 4, so that the push cylinder 4 is reset to end the anchoring.

Claims

1. A downhole mechanical transmission type anchoring and cutting tool, characterized in that: It includes an anchoring device part, a transmission device part and a cutting part; The anchoring device part includes an anchoring housing (1), an anchoring block (2), an anchoring piston (3), and a push cylinder (4); the upper end of the anchoring housing (1) is connected to other structures of the tool. The housing is provided with 4 sliding grooves along the circumference, and sliding ways are arranged on the left and right sides inside the sliding grooves; the anchoring block (2) has a trapezoidal platform structure, with symmetrically distributed inclined grooves opened on its left and right sides, and a T-shaped inclined groove opened at the bottom end; there are 4 bosses distributed above the anchoring piston (3), and the bosses cooperate with the T-shaped inclined groove at the bottom end of the anchoring block (2) and can move relative to each other. The lower part of the anchoring piston (3) is connected to the push cylinder (4) by bolts to form an integral body; the upper end of the push cylinder (4) is fixedly connected to the lower end through 4 cylinders; when the push cylinder (4) drives the anchoring piston (3) to move upward along the axial direction of the tool, the anchoring piston (3) and the anchoring block (2) move relative to each other, and the anchoring block (2) is pushed out to realize tool anchoring; The transmission device part includes an upper housing body (5), a transmission piston (6), a spring (7), a motor bushing (8), a transmission motor (9), a reducer (10), a coupling (11), and a transmission shaft (12); a spring (7) is installed below the transmission piston (6), and its bottom is connected to the motor bushing (8); a transmission motor (9) is installed inside the motor bushing (8), the output shaft of the transmission motor (9) is connected to the reducer (10), and the output shaft end of the reducer (10) is connected to the transmission shaft (12) through the coupling (11); The cutting part includes a lower housing body (13), a thrust ball bearing (14), and a cutter (15); the upper end of the lower housing body (13) is provided with a through hole, and a cylindrical boss is arranged on the outside and a channel is opened; the number of thrust ball bearings (14) is set to 2, and they are installed above and below the cylindrical boss of the lower housing body (13); the cutter (15) is installed in the channel of the lower housing body (13) through a shaft pin; A hollow shaft (16) is arranged at the center of the tool. The hollow shaft (16) passes through the anchoring housing (1), the anchoring piston (3), the push cylinder (4), the transmission piston (6) and the motor bushing (8). A hydraulic flow channel is arranged inside the hollow shaft (16), and a hydraulic pipeline is opened inside the upper housing body (5) so that hydraulic oil can flow through the cavities below the push cylinder (4) and above the transmission piston (6); a cable is arranged inside the hollow shaft (16), and the cable passes through the motor bushing (8) to provide electrical energy for the transmission motor (9) inside it; The upper part of the transmission shaft (12) is set as a Reuleaux triangle, the lower part is set as a cylinder, and a groove is opened in the middle; When the transmission shaft (12) moves downward along the axial direction of the tool, it pushes the cutter (15) to rotate around the shaft pin to complete the feeding of the tool; when the transmission motor (9) drives the transmission shaft (12) to rotate through the reducer (10) and the coupling (11), the upper part of the transmission shaft (12) can drive the lower housing body (13) to rotate through the structure of the Reuleaux triangle; the lower housing body (13) only rotates relative to the upper housing body (5) through the cylindrical boss and the thrust ball bearing (14); The number of anchoring blocks (2) is set to 4, which are distributed in the sliding grooves of the anchoring housing (1), and 5 inclined grooves are opened on the left and right sides of it to cooperate with the sliding ways.

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