Ventilation and dust control device and method for tunnel construction

Abstract

The invention provides a ventilation and dust control device and method for tunnel construction, and particularly relates to the technical field of tunnel construction. The device comprises a base, two side plates are symmetrically arranged on the two sides of the upper portion of the base, an adjusting mechanism is arranged on the side plates, an L-shaped mounting plate is arranged on the adjusting mechanism, rotation and position adjustment of the L-shaped mounting plate are achieved through the adjusting mechanism, and therefore the position and direction of an air curtain on the L-shaped mounting plate are adjusted. By means of the innovative air curtain design, the air quality in the tunnel construction period is effectively improved, the health risk of workers is reduced, and the influence on the environment is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of tunnel construction, and in particular to a ventilation and dust control device and method for tunnel construction. Background Art

[0002] Tunnel construction is usually accompanied by a large amount of dust generation, which poses a challenge to the health of workers and the safety of the construction environment. Traditional ventilation methods, such as forced ventilation or local exhaust, often cannot effectively control and manage this dust.

[0003] After searching, the invention patent with Chinese patent number CN202011589848.4 discloses a tunnel ventilation system, including an outside-the-tunnel fan and a relay fan. The outside-the-tunnel fan is arranged outside the tunnel entrance and connected to the inlet air duct in the tunnel. The relay fan is arranged inside the tunnel and connected to the air duct at the excavation face end. The air outlet of the inlet air duct and the air inlet of the relay fan are both connected to the relay container. The relay container is connected to the air purification device through the ventilation pipeline, and the air near the excavation working face is purified by air purification in the tunnel and relay ventilation.

[0004] However, the above system is bulky and time-consuming to install. As the excavation face continues to advance, the system needs to be disassembled and rebuilt according to the advancement distance. This is not only inconvenient to transport but also increases the construction period. Therefore, a more effective solution is needed to improve the air quality during tunnel construction. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the technical problems raised by the above background, the present invention provides a ventilation and dust control device and method for tunnel construction. The position of the L-shaped mounting plate is rotated and adjusted by an adjusting mechanism, so that the air curtain can be adjusted in both vertical and horizontal directions to form an air curtain to block dust during the construction period; at the same time, after the construction is completed, the dust can be blown to the ground. An air curtain can be formed in the vertical direction and dust removed in the horizontal direction through the adjusting mechanism.

[0006] Based on the above technical ideas, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0007] An object of the present invention is to provide a ventilation and dust control device for tunnel construction, the device comprising:

[0008] Base;

[0009] Two side panels are provided and symmetrically distributed on both sides of the base;

[0010] An adjustment mechanism, arranged on the side plate;

[0011] The L-shaped mounting plate is arranged on the adjusting mechanism, and the L-shaped mounting plate is rotated and adjusted by the adjusting mechanism;

[0012] The air curtain is installed on the L-shaped mounting plate to blow fresh air into the tunnel or push air and dust to the ground.

[0013] Furthermore, the adjustment mechanism includes a rotating shaft, which spans across two symmetrical left and right side panels, and one end of the rotating shaft passes through the side panel and is connected to one end of a support rod. The other end of the support rod is hinged to one end of a rocker arm, and the other end is hinged to an L-shaped mounting plate through a connecting shaft. Movable holes are provided on both side panels, and the connecting shaft is located in the movable holes.

[0014] Furthermore, a driving motor is arranged on the top of one of the side panels, a driving wheel is arranged on the output shaft of the driving motor, and a driven wheel is arranged on the rotating shaft outside the current side panel. The driving wheel is meshed with the driven wheel, and the rotating shaft is driven to rotate by the driving motor.

[0015] Furthermore, 1 / 4 circular limiting holes are provided on both side panels, and the bottoms of the 1 / 4 circular limiting holes are connected to the movable hole.

[0016] Furthermore, legs are provided at both ends of the horizontal section of the L-shaped mounting plate, and fixed columns perpendicular to the legs are provided at the ends of the legs. A connecting rod is provided on the top of the fixed column, and the connecting rod is located in the movable hole and can move up and down in the movable hole. The connecting shaft is provided at the bottom of the fixed column, and the connecting shaft is located in the movable hole and can move in the movable hole and the 1 / 4 circular limit hole.

[0017] Furthermore, symmetrical guide columns are arranged on the opposite surfaces of the two side plates, and sliders are arranged on the two guide columns. The tops of the sliders are arranged with inclined surfaces, which contact the outer walls of the fixed columns. A return spring is arranged at the bottom of the slider, and the two ends of the return spring are respectively connected to the slider and the base.

[0018] Furthermore, the control mechanism includes:

[0019] Sensors are distributed in the tunnel to detect the air quality, dust concentration, and wind speed in the tunnel, and send the detected data to the control cabinet;

[0020] A control cabinet, mounted on the base, for automatically adjusting the operation of the air curtain based on data sent by the sensor;

[0021] The user interface is arranged on the control cabinet or the side panel and is used to display the air quality in the tunnel and the operating parameters of the air curtain.

[0022] Furthermore, the device also includes a driving mechanism, which is arranged under the base, and the driving mechanism drives the entire device to move along with the construction progress.

[0023] Another object of the present invention is to provide a ventilation and dust control method for tunnel construction, the control method comprising the following steps:

[0024] Step 1: During construction, the L-shaped mounting plate is rotated to a vertical direction by the adjustment mechanism, and the air curtain's air outlet faces downward to blow fresh air downward from the top of the tunnel. The downward airflow forms an air curtain to isolate the dust in the working area of ​​the face, preventing the dust from moving throughout the entire tunnel space;

[0025] Step 2: After the construction is completed, start the drive motor to drive the rotating shaft to rotate. The L-shaped mounting plate moves downward and rotates to the horizontal direction through the cooperation of the rocker and the support rod. The air outlet of the air curtain faces the working surface, pushing the dust downward and causing the dust to settle quickly to the ground;

[0026] Step 3: The controller continuously adjusts the operating parameters of the air curtain based on the real-time monitoring data of the sensor.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0028] 1. The present invention utilizes an adjustment mechanism to realize the conversion of the air curtain in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction. One air curtain realizes the functions of two air curtains, effectively isolating and controlling dust in tunnel construction.

[0029] 2. The ventilation and dust control device for tunnel construction designed by the present invention is moved along with the progress of construction through a driving mechanism, is easy to move and use, and will not only not affect the construction period, but also improve the construction efficiency.

[0030] 3. The bidirectional adjustable air curtain designed by the present invention improves the safety and comfort of the tunnel construction environment and reduces the impact of tunnel construction on the health of workers. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 A rear view of a ventilation and dust control device used in tunnel construction.

[0032] Figure 2 A perspective view of a ventilation and dust control device for tunnel construction.

[0033] Figure 3 A side view of a ventilation and dust control device used in tunnel construction.

[0034] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of an L-shaped mounting plate.

[0035] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a slider.

[0036] Among them, 1. base; 2. side panel; 201. movable hole; 202. 1 / 4 circular limit hole; 3. rotating shaft; 4. driving motor; 5. driving wheel; 6. driven wheel; 7. support rod; 8. rocker; 9. L-shaped mounting plate; 10. guide column; 11. slider; 1101. inclined plane; 12. reset spring; 13. fixed column; 14. controller; 15. air curtain; 16. connecting rod; 17. connecting shaft. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. In addition, it should be understood that after reading the content taught by the present invention, those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications to the present invention, and these equivalent forms fall within the scope limited by the appended claims of the application equally.

[0038] Example 1

[0039] This embodiment specifically provides a ventilation and dust control device for tunnel construction, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes a base 1, two side panels 2 are symmetrically arranged on both sides above the base 1, an adjustment mechanism is arranged on the side panel 2, and an L-shaped mounting plate 9 is arranged on the adjustment mechanism. The L-shaped mounting plate 9 is rotated and adjusted by the adjustment mechanism, so as to adjust the position and direction of the air curtain 15 on the L-shaped mounting plate 9.

[0040] In this embodiment, the air curtain 15 is installed on the L-shaped mounting plate 9. When the L-shaped mounting plate 9 is rotated to a horizontal direction, the air outlet of the air curtain 15 faces the working surface. When the L-shaped mounting plate 9 is rotated to a vertical direction, the air outlet of the air curtain 15 faces downward to form an air curtain.

[0041] like Figure 2 and 3 As shown, the adjustment mechanism includes a rotating shaft 3, which spans two symmetrical side plates 2, and its two ends respectively penetrate the outside of the side plates 2, and are connected to support rods 7 at both ends of the rotating shaft 3, and the support rods 7 are fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 3, such as by welding or screws. The free end of the support rod 7 is hinged to the rocker 8, and the other end of the rocker 8 is hinged to the L-shaped mounting plate 9.

[0042] Specifically, both side plates 2 are provided with movable holes 201 , which are located directly below the rotating shaft 3 , and both side plates 2 are provided with 1 / 4 circular limiting holes 202 , whose bottoms are connected to the movable holes 201 .

[0043] like Figure 4As shown, both ends of the horizontal section of the L-shaped mounting plate 9 are provided with legs, and the ends of the legs are provided with fixed columns 13 perpendicular thereto, and the top of the fixed column 13 is provided with a connecting rod 16, which is located in the movable hole 201 and can move up and down in the movable hole 201, and the connecting shaft 17 is provided at the bottom of the fixed column 13, and the connecting shaft 17 is located in the movable hole 201 and can move in the movable hole 201 and the 1 / 4 circular limiting hole 202. Among them, both ends of the fixed column 13 are round surfaces.

[0044] The adjustment mechanism also includes a drive motor 4, which is fixed on the top of a side plate 2. The output shaft of the drive motor 4 can be connected to the driving wheel 5 through a reducer and a coupling, and a driven wheel 6 meshing with the driving wheel 5 is arranged on the rotating shaft 3. The driving motor 4 drives the driving wheel 5 to mesh with the driven wheel 6 to rotate, thereby driving the rotating shaft 3 to rotate. While the rotating shaft 3 rotates, the support rod 7 makes a circular motion with the rotating shaft 3, and the support rod 7 pulls the rocker 8 to drive the connecting shaft 17 and the connecting rod 16 to move in the movable hole 201. At the same time, the connecting shaft 17 cooperates to move in the 1 / 4 circular limit hole 202 to complete the adjustment of the L-shaped mounting plate 9.

[0045] Specific operations:

[0046] In the initial stage, the L-shaped mounting plate 9 is in the horizontal direction. In the construction stage, if the air curtain 15 needs to be blown to form an air curtain, the driving motor 4 is started, and the driving wheel 5 engages with the driven wheel 6 to drive the rotating shaft 3 to rotate. Then, the rocker 8 is pulled by the support rod 7 to drive the connecting shaft 17 to move upward along the movable hole 201. At this time, the connecting rod 16 also moves upward synchronously, and the support rod 7 continues to rotate around the rotating shaft 3. Due to the relationship between the support rod 7 and the rocker 8, the rocker 8 rotates and drives the connecting shaft 17 to move upward in the 1 / 4 circular limit hole 202. In this process, the horizontal L-shaped mounting plate 9 rotates to the vertical direction, blowing fresh air downward from the top of the tunnel. This downward airflow forms an air curtain.

[0047] After the construction is completed, the driving motor 4 is started again, the active wheel 5 engages with the driven wheel 6 to drive the rotating shaft 3 to rotate, and the rocker arm 8 is pulled by the support rod 7 to drive the connecting rod 16 to move downward along the movable hole 201. At this time, the connecting shaft 17 moves out of the 1 / 4 circular limit hole 202 and continues to move along the movable hole 201 to the bottom of the movable hole 201. During this process, the horizontal L-shaped mounting plate 9 rotates to the direction, and the air outlet of the air curtain 15 pushes the air and dust downward toward the working surface.

[0048] The wind speed and air volume of the air curtain 15 can be adjusted as needed to suit different construction conditions. The sensor monitors the dust concentration in the air and automatically adjusts the operation of the air curtain 15 based on the monitoring data.

[0049] like Figure 5As shown, symmetrical guide columns 10 are arranged on the opposite surfaces of the two side plates 2, and sliders 11 are arranged on the two guide columns 10. The tops of the sliders 11 are arranged with inclined surfaces 1101, and the inclined surfaces 1101 are in contact with the outer wall of the fixed column 13. A return spring 12 is arranged at the bottom of the slider 11, and the two ends of the return spring 12 are respectively connected to the slider 11 and the base 1. The existence of the slider 11 and the return spring 12 is mainly to smooth the rotation stability of the L-shaped mounting plate 9.

[0050] The device also includes a control mechanism:

[0051] 1. The control mechanism is the brain of the air curtain 15 system, including sensors, controller 14 and user interface.

[0052] 2. Sensors: Sensors distributed in the tunnel monitor parameters such as air quality, dust concentration, wind speed, etc. These sensors transmit data to the control unit.

[0053] 3. Controller 14: The controller 14 is installed on the base 1, and automatically adjusts the operating parameters of the top air curtain 15 and the front air curtain 15 according to the sensor data to achieve the best ventilation and dust control effect.

[0054] Control method:

[0055] Input parameter C: Current dust concentration

[0056] V current : Front wind speed

[0057] C cafe : Safe dust concentration threshold

[0058] C max : Maximum allowable dust concentration

[0059] V min : Minimum wind speed

[0060] V max : Maximum wind speed

[0061] Calculate the dust concentration deviation ΔC=CC safe

[0062] If C≤C safe The wind speed does not change

[0063] If C ≥ C safe Then V = V max

[0064] Otherwise adjust the wind speed proportionally

[0065] K=ΔC / (C max -C cafe )

[0066] V current =V min +k*(V max -V min )

[0067] During construction, the air curtain 15 (placed vertically in the tunnel axis) blows fresh air downward to form an air curtain, isolating the dust in the working area of ​​the tunnel face and preventing the dust from moving in the entire tunnel space.

[0068] After the construction is completed, the air curtain 15 pushes the dust downward, causing the dust to settle quickly to the ground.

[0069] These detailed implementations describe the components and operating principles of the Dual Air Curtain 15 system, which helps to understand how the system can effectively control dust and improve air quality in tunnel construction. These implementations can be customized and optimized according to specific application requirements.

[0070] The device also includes a driving mechanism, which includes a tire and a motor, and the motor is installed below the base 1 and connected to the tire. An iron sheet with a certain thickness is installed on the side of the base 1. When the base 1 needs to be fixed, the iron sheet is lowered to the corners on the corresponding track, so that the air curtain 15 is fixed.

[0071] The electric motor controls the tire to move forward through the rod.

[0072] A track for accommodating the rod body is reserved on the inner side of the track so that the rod body driven by the motor can move forward.

[0073] The tires are mounted on tracks that are modular in design and extend as the tunnel lengthens. The rear track can be disassembled and has corners on the left and right sides. The front view is shown in the figure. The motor drives the rod to rotate, which in turn drives the tires to move.

[0074] Example 2

[0075] This embodiment provides a ventilation and dust control method for tunnel construction, the control method comprising the following steps:

[0076] Step 1: During construction, the L-shaped mounting plate 9 is rotated to a vertical direction by the adjusting mechanism, and the air outlet of the air curtain 15 blows fresh air downward from the top of the tunnel. The downward airflow forms an air curtain to isolate the dust in the working area of ​​the tunnel face, preventing the dust from moving in the entire tunnel space;

[0077] Step 2: After the construction is completed, the driving motor 4 is started to drive the rotating shaft 3 to rotate. Then, through the cooperation of the rocker 8 and the support rod 7, the L-shaped mounting plate 9 moves downward and rotates to the horizontal direction. The air outlet of the air curtain 15 faces the working surface, pushing the dust downward and causing the dust to settle quickly to the ground;

[0078] Step 3: The controller 14 continuously adjusts the operating parameters of the air curtain 15 according to the real-time monitoring data of the sensor. The device provided in this embodiment realizes the dual functions of dust removal and air curtain formation through an air curtain 15, simplifies the structure, is not only convenient to move but also has high construction efficiency.

[0079] The above contents are further detailed descriptions of the present invention in combination with specific preferred embodiments, so that those skilled in the art can understand and apply the present invention. It cannot be determined that the specific implementation of the present invention is limited to these descriptions. For those skilled in the art of the present invention, some simple deductions or substitutions can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, without creative work. Therefore, simple improvements made to the present invention by those skilled in the art based on the disclosure of the present invention should be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A ventilation and dust control device for tunnel construction, characterized in that: The device includes: Base; Two side panels are provided and symmetrically distributed on both sides of the base; An adjustment mechanism, arranged on the side plate; The L-shaped mounting plate is arranged on the adjusting mechanism, and the L-shaped mounting plate is rotated and adjusted by the adjusting mechanism; The air curtain, which is installed on the L-shaped mounting plate, blows fresh air into the tunnel or pushes air and dust to the ground.

2. A ventilation and dust control device for tunnel construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjusting mechanism includes a rotating shaft, which spans two symmetrical side panels, and one end of the rotating shaft passing through the side panel is connected to one end of a support rod, the other end of the support rod is hinged to one end of a rocker, and the other end is hinged to an L-shaped mounting plate through a connecting shaft. Both side panels are provided with movable holes, and the connecting shaft is located in the movable holes.

3. A ventilation and dust control device for tunnel construction according to claim 2, characterized in that: A driving motor is arranged on the top of one of the side panels, a driving wheel is arranged on the output shaft of the driving motor, a driven wheel is arranged on the rotating shaft outside the current side panel, the driving wheel is meshed with the driven wheel, and the rotating shaft is driven to rotate by the driving motor.

4. A ventilation and dust control device for tunnel construction according to claim 3, characterized in that: 1 / 4 circular limiting holes are arranged on both side plates, and the bottoms of the 1 / 4 circular limiting holes are connected with the movable holes.

5. A ventilation and dust control device for tunnel construction according to claim 4, characterized in that: Legs are provided at both ends of the horizontal section of the L-shaped mounting plate, and fixed columns perpendicular to the legs are provided at the ends of the legs. A connecting rod is provided on the top of the fixed column, and the connecting rod is located in the movable hole and can move up and down in the movable hole. The connecting shaft is provided at the bottom of the fixed column, and the connecting shaft is located in the movable hole and can move in the movable hole and the 1 / 4 circular limit hole.

6. A ventilation and dust control device for tunnel construction according to claim 5, characterized in that: Symmetrical guide columns are arranged on the opposite surfaces of the two side plates, and sliders are arranged on the two guide columns. The tops of the sliders are arranged with inclined surfaces, which contact the outer walls of the fixed columns. A return spring is arranged at the bottom of the slider, and the two ends of the return spring are respectively connected to the slider and the base.

7. A ventilation and dust control device for tunnel construction according to claim 6, characterized in that: The device also includes a control mechanism, which includes: Sensors are distributed in the tunnel to detect the air quality, dust concentration, and wind speed in the tunnel, and send the detected data to the control cabinet; A control cabinet is arranged on the base and is used for automatically adjusting the operation of the air curtain according to the data sent by the sensor; a user interface is arranged on the control cabinet or the side panel and is used for displaying the air quality in the tunnel and the operation parameters of the air curtain.

8. A ventilation and dust control device for tunnel construction according to claim 6, characterized in that: The device also includes a driving mechanism, which is arranged below the base and drives the entire device to move along with the construction progress.

9. A ventilation and dust control method for tunnel construction, characterized in that: The control method comprises the following steps: Step 1: During construction, the L-shaped mounting plate is rotated to a vertical direction by the adjustment mechanism, and the air curtain's air outlet faces downward to blow fresh air downward from the top of the tunnel. The downward airflow forms an air curtain to isolate the dust in the working area of ​​the face, preventing the dust from moving throughout the entire tunnel space; Step 2: After the construction is completed, start the drive motor to drive the rotating shaft to rotate. The L-shaped mounting plate moves downward and rotates to the horizontal direction through the cooperation of the rocker and the support rod. The air outlet of the air curtain faces the working surface, pushing the dust downward and causing the dust to settle quickly to the ground; Step 3: The controller continuously adjusts the operating parameters of the air curtain based on the real-time monitoring data of the sensor.

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