A heat management method and an absorption-based combined cooling and heating system

Abstract

The application provides a heat management method and an absorption type combined cooling and heating system, and comprises the following steps: detecting the ambient temperature in a factory building; if the ambient temperature is less than a first temperature threshold, controlling a first three-way valve, a second three-way valve, a third three-way valve, a fourth three-way valve and a four-way valve to switch to a heating switch state respectively, so that the waste heat generated by auxiliary equipment and steam waste heat are used as a heating source for driving a heating cycle, and the heating cycle is completed through a circulating working medium; if the ambient temperature is greater than a second temperature threshold, controlling the first three-way valve, the second three-way valve, the third three-way valve, the fourth three-way valve and the four-way valve to switch to a cooling switch state respectively, so that the steam waste gas and heat absorbed from cooling water in a cooling cycle are used as a heating source for driving the cooling cycle, and the cooling cycle is completed through the circulating working medium. The steam waste gas, a hot water production and distribution system and a cooling water system are integrated as a whole, and the energy utilization rate is improved by switching the operation mode of the whole system.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of nuclear power plant equipment thermal management, and particularly relates to a thermal management method and an absorption type cold and heat combined supply system. BACKGROUND

[0002] Nuclear energy, as a mature technology, stable operation and clean energy, has important significance for reducing carbon emissions and solving environmental problems. In the operation process of a nuclear reactor, in order to ensure the work comfort of maintenance personnel in cold weather conditions, a hot water production and distribution system (SES) needs to provide hot water to ensure the temperature of the plant, and in hot weather conditions, the SES needs to provide low-temperature cooling water to promptly exchange heat to take out the heat generated by the operation of the equipment, so as to avoid the performance degradation or even main function failure of the key equipment. How to efficiently provide cold water and hot water in different operating environments is an important link to ensure the safe and stable operation of the plant power station and reduce costs and increase efficiency in the production process.

[0003] In the operation process of a nuclear power station, the exhaust gas after the high-temperature and high-pressure steam drives the steam turbine generator set to generate power is still high in temperature, and the heat energy thereof has utilization value. In cold seasons, the SES absorbs heat from the exhaust gas through heat exchange, and provides 60-70 DEG C hot water from the nuclear island to the reactor plant and the fuel plant. In hot seasons, the SES consumes electric energy, generates 7 DEG C chilled water through an additional compression type water chiller unit, and supplies the relay room and the direct current distribution room, that is, in the prior art, the SES generates cold and heat in summer and winter respectively through two independent circulation processes to meet the required demand.

[0004] That is, the existing nuclear power plant equipment thermal management system relies on independent heating and cooling systems to meet the heating demand in cold seasons and the cooling demand in hot seasons of the nuclear power plant, which results in low energy efficiency. SUMMARY

[0005] Therefore, the present application aims to at least provide a thermal management method and an absorption type cold and heat combined supply system, which integrates steam exhaust, a hot water production and distribution system and a cooling water system into a whole, and improves energy utilization by switching the operation mode of the whole system.

[0006] The present application mainly includes the following aspects:

[0007] In a first aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide a heat management method applied to an absorption-based combined cooling and heating system. The absorption-based combined cooling and heating system comprises a hot water production and distribution system and a cooling water system connected to each other. The hot water production and distribution system comprises a generator, an absorber, a condenser, an evaporator and a heat exchanger. The cooling water system comprises an auxiliary equipment heat exchanger and a cold source heat exchanger. The generator is connected to waste heat steam, the heat exchanger and the condenser respectively. The heat exchanger is further connected to the absorber through a solution pump and a first throttling valve respectively. The absorber is connected to a heating return water end through a first three-way valve, connected to the condenser through a first circulating pump and connected to the evaporator. The condenser is connected to the evaporator through a second throttling valve. The condenser is further connected to a heating end through a second three-way valve and a third three-way valve respectively. The auxiliary equipment heat exchanger is connected to the evaporator through the third three-way valve and a fourth three-way valve in sequence. The evaporator is further connected to a cooling end through the fourth three-way valve. The auxiliary equipment heat exchanger is further connected to the cold source heat exchanger. The cold source heat exchanger is further connected to the absorber through a four-way valve and a first three-way valve respectively and connected to the evaporator through a four-way valve and a second circulating pump. The four-way valve is further connected to a cooling return water end. The auxiliary equipment heat exchanger is connected to auxiliary equipment of a nuclear power plant. The method comprises the following steps:

[0008] Detecting an ambient temperature in a plant. If the ambient temperature is less than a first temperature threshold, controlling the first three-way valve, the second three-way valve, the third three-way valve, the fourth three-way valve and the four-way valve to switch to a heating switch state respectively, so that waste heat generated by auxiliary equipment and steam waste heat jointly serve as a heating source for driving a heating cycle. The heating cycle is completed by a circulating working medium. If the ambient temperature is greater than a second temperature threshold, controlling the first three-way valve, the second three-way valve, the third three-way valve, the fourth three-way valve and the four-way valve to switch to a cooling switch state respectively, so that steam waste heat and heat absorbed from return water of a cooling cycle serve as a heating source for driving a cooling cycle. The cooling cycle is completed by a circulating working medium.

[0009] In one possible implementation, the heat supply cycle of the absorption-based combined cooling and heating system is completed by controlling the first end and the second end of the first three-way valve to be in the open state, so that the heat supply cycle water connected to the heat supply return end flows into the absorber through the first three-way valve; the circulating working medium flowing out of the absorber is delivered to the condenser by the first circulating pump; the refrigerant solution in the generator is heated by the waste heat steam, so that a part of the refrigerant solution in the generator evaporates to form high-pressure refrigerant steam, and another part of the refrigerant solution in the generator forms a concentrated absorbent solution, the high-pressure refrigerant steam is input into the condenser, and the concentrated absorbent solution flows into the absorber through the first throttling valve; the high-pressure refrigerant steam is condensed by the condenser to release heat to the heat supply cycle water flowing through the inside of the condenser and deliver the heat supply cycle water to the second three-way valve, and the condensed liquid refrigerant is delivered to the evaporator through the second throttling valve; the first end and the second end of the second three-way valve are controlled to be in the open state, so that the heat supply cycle water output by the condenser flows into the heat supply end through the second three-way valve; the circulating working medium provided by the cooling water system is delivered to the auxiliary equipment heat exchanger, so that the circulating working medium absorbs the heat generated by the operation of the auxiliary equipment of the nuclear power plant through the auxiliary equipment heat exchanger; the first end and the second end of the third three-way valve are controlled to be in the open state, and the first end and the second end of the fourth three-way valve are controlled to be in the open state, so that the circulating working medium output by the auxiliary equipment heat exchanger flows into the evaporator through the third three-way valve and the fourth three-way valve in sequence; the liquid refrigerant in the evaporator is evaporated into gaseous refrigerant and controlled to flow into the absorber; the first end and the third end of the four-way valve are controlled to be in the open state, so that the circulating working medium flowing out of the evaporator flows into the auxiliary equipment heat exchanger through the cold source heat exchanger under the driving of the second circulating pump; the gaseous refrigerant is absorbed by the absorber to release heat and generate a dilute solution, which is combined with the concentrated solution fed back by the generator to form a mixed solution; the heat released by the gaseous refrigerant is taken away by the heat supply cycle water flowing through the inside of the heat exchanger by the heat exchanger, and the mixed solution is pressurized by the solution pump and returned to the generator.

[0010] In one possible implementation, the cooling supply cycle of the absorption-based combined cooling and heating system is completed by controlling the third end and the second end of the first three-way valve to be in the open state; sending the circulating water flowing out of the absorber to the condenser by the first circulating pump; heating the refrigerant solution in the generator by the waste heat steam to make a part of the refrigerant solution in the generator evaporate to form high-pressure refrigerant steam and make another part of the refrigerant solution in the generator form a concentrated absorbent solution, input the high-pressure refrigerant steam into the condenser and make the concentrated absorbent solution flow into the absorber by pressure reduction of the second throttling valve; condense the high-pressure refrigerant steam by the condenser to release heat to the circulating water flowing through the inside of the condenser and send the circulating water releasing heat to the second three-way valve, and send the condensed liquid refrigerant to the evaporator by pressure reduction of the second throttling valve; control the first end and the third end of the second three-way valve to be in the open state and control the third end and the first end of the third three-way valve to be in the open state to make the circulating water output by the condenser flow into the auxiliary equipment heat exchanger in sequence through the second three-way valve and the third three-way valve; absorb the low-temperature waste heat generated by the operation of the auxiliary equipment of the nuclear power plant by the auxiliary equipment heat exchanger and send the circulating water output by the auxiliary equipment heat exchanger to the cold source heat exchanger to release heat, wherein the circulating water flowing into the cold source heat exchanger carries the heat generated by the operation of the auxiliary equipment of the nuclear power plant, the heat released by the absorption of the absorber and the heat released by the condensation of the condenser; control the second end and the third end of the four-way valve to be in the open state to make the circulating water output by the cold source heat exchanger flow into the absorber in sequence through the four-way valve and the first three-way valve; control the third end and the second end of the fourth three-way valve to be in the open state to make the cooling water in the cooling supply cycle flow into the evaporator through the fourth three-way valve; absorb heat of the cooling water flowing into the evaporator by the liquid refrigerant in the evaporator to evaporate the liquid refrigerant into gaseous refrigerant and control the gaseous refrigerant to flow into the absorber; control the first end and the fourth end of the four-way valve to be in the open state to make the cooling water flowing out of the evaporator flow into the cooling end through the four-way valve under the drive of the second circulating pump; absorb the gaseous refrigerant by the absorber to generate a dilute solution and combine the dilute solution with the concentrated solution fed back by the generator to form a mixed solution; release the heat of the gaseous refrigerant by the heat exchanger through the heat supply circulating water flowing through the inside of the heat exchanger, and pressurize the mixed solution by the solution pump to return to the generator.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the circulating working medium in the cooling supply cycle for delivering cold energy to the cold end and the heating supply cycle for delivering heat energy to the hot end is water.

[0012] In one possible implementation, the method further includes: determining whether the ambient temperature is less than or equal to a second temperature threshold; if the ambient temperature is less than or equal to the second temperature threshold, taking the anti-freezing solution as the circulating working medium in the SRI cycle; and if the ambient temperature is greater than the second temperature threshold, taking water as the circulating working medium in the cooling water system cycle.

[0013] In a possible implementation, the method further includes: determining the optimal solution concentration and circulation ratio of the solution in each device in the absorption-based combined cooling and heating system according to the demand temperature, the device operating pressure range and the efficiency optimization calculation in the absorption-based combined cooling and heating system.

[0014] In a possible implementation, the method further includes: setting the circulation water flow rates in the cooling supply cycle, the heating supply cycle, the steam waste heat and the closed cooling water system to a matching state through the circulation flow rates.

[0015] In a possible implementation, the step of setting the circulation water flow rates in the cooling supply cycle, the heating supply cycle, the steam waste heat and the closed cooling water system to a matching state through the circulation flow rates includes: matching the high-temperature heat source power provided by the steam waste heat with the low-temperature heat source power provided by the auxiliary device waste heat during the heating supply cycle; matching the high-temperature heat source power provided by the steam waste heat with the cooling power of the closed cooling water system during the cooling supply cycle, and matching the circulation water temperature of the closed cooling water system with the condensation temperature inside the condenser and the absorption temperature inside the absorber.

[0016] In a second aspect, the embodiments of the present application also provide an absorption-based combined cooling and heating system, which includes a hot water production and distribution system and a cooling water system connected with each other, the hot water production and distribution system includes a generator, an absorber, a condenser, an evaporator and a heat exchanger, the closed cooling water system includes an auxiliary device heat exchanger and a cold source heat exchanger, the generator is connected with a waste heat steam, the heat exchanger and the condenser respectively, the heat exchanger is further connected to the absorber through a solution pump and a first thrott valve respectively, the absorber is connected to a heating return water end through a first three-way valve, connected to the condenser through a first circulation pump and connected to the evaporator, the condenser is connected to the evaporator through a second thrott valve, the condenser is further connected to a heating end through a second three-way valve and a third three-way valve respectively, the auxiliary device heat exchanger is connected to the evaporator through the third three-way valve and a fourth three-way valve in sequence, the evaporator is further connected to a cooling end through the fourth three-way valve, the auxiliary device heat exchanger is further connected to the cold source heat exchanger, the cold source heat exchanger is further connected to the absorber through a four-way valve and a first three-way valve respectively and connected to the evaporator through a four-way valve and a second circulation pump, the four-way valve is further connected to a cooling return water end, the auxiliary device heat exchanger is connected to auxiliary devices of a nuclear power plant, and the absorption-based combined cooling and heating system further includes a processor configured to execute the heat management method provided in any one of the above embodiments.

[0017] The heat management method and the absorption type cold and heat combined supply system provided by the embodiment of the application include the following steps: detecting the environment temperature in a factory building; if the environment temperature is less than a first temperature threshold, controlling the first three-way valve, the second three-way valve, the third three-way valve, the fourth three-way valve and the four-way valve to switch to a heat supply switch state respectively, so that the waste heat generated by the auxiliary equipment and the steam waste heat are used as a heat supply source for driving a heat supply cycle, and the heat supply cycle is completed through a circulating working medium; if the environment temperature is greater than a second temperature threshold, controlling the first three-way valve, the second three-way valve, the third three-way valve, the fourth three-way valve and the four-way valve to switch to a cooling supply switch state respectively, so that the steam waste gas and the heat absorbed from the cooling water in the cooling cycle are used as a heat source for driving a cooling cycle, and the cooling cycle is completed through a circulating working medium. The steam waste gas, the hot water production and distribution system and the cooling water system are integrated into a whole system, and the energy utilization rate is improved by switching the operation mode of the whole system.

[0018] In order to make the above objectives, characteristics and advantages of the application more apparent, the following will describe a preferred embodiment in detail, and the accompanying drawings will be referred to, and the detailed description will be as follows. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some of the embodiments of the application, and therefore should not be considered as a limitation to the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can also be obtained without creative labor on the basis of these drawings.

[0020] Figure 1 A structure schematic diagram of an absorption type cold and heat combined supply system provided by the embodiment of the application is shown;

[0021] Figure 2 A flow chart of steps of a heat management method provided by the embodiment of the application is shown;

[0022] Figure 3 A function module diagram of a heat management device provided by the embodiment of the application is shown;

[0023] Figure 4 A structure schematic diagram of an electronic device provided by the embodiment of the application is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] In order to make the purposes, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. It should be understood that the drawings in the present application only serve the purpose of description and illustration, and are not used to limit the scope of protection of the present application. In addition, it should be understood that the schematic drawings are not drawn according to the actual proportions. The flowcharts used in the present application show the operations implemented according to some embodiments of the present application. It should be understood that the operations of the flowcharts can not be implemented in sequence, and the steps without logical context relationship can be reversed in sequence or implemented simultaneously. In addition, one or more other operations can be added to the flowcharts or one or more operations can be removed from the flowcharts under the guidance of the content of the present application.

[0025] In addition, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, not all the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application described and shown in the drawings herein can be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed present application, but only represents selected embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments of the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0026] Nuclear energy as a mature technology, stable operation of clean energy, for reducing carbon emissions, to solve environmental problems is of great significance, in the process of nuclear reactor operation, in order to ensure the working comfort of the maintenance personnel in cold weather conditions, hot water production and distribution system (SES) need to provide hot water to ensure the temperature of the plant, and in hot weather conditions, SES needs to provide low temperature cooling water, for timely heat exchange to take out the heat generated by the equipment operation, to avoid the performance decline of key equipment and even the failure of main function, how to efficiently provide cold water and hot water in different operating environments is an important link to ensure the safe and stable operation of the plant power station and the cost reduction and efficiency increase of the production process.

[0027] During the operation of the nuclear power plant, the exhaust gas after the high-temperature and high-pressure water vapor drives the steam turbine generator set to generate power is still high in temperature, and the heat energy thereof has utilization value. In the cold season, the SES absorbs heat from the exhaust gas through heat exchange, and provides 60-70 DEG C hot water from the nuclear island to the reactor building and the fuel building, while in the hot season, the SES consumes electric energy, and generates 7 DEG C chilled water through an additional compression type cold water unit, which is supplied to the relay room, the direct current distribution room and the like, that is, in the prior art, the SES generates cold and heat in summer and winter respectively through two independent cooling and heating circulation processes, so as to meet the operation requirements, and thus it can be determined that the existing nuclear power plant equipment heat management system relies on independent heating and cooling systems to meet the heating demand in the cold season and the cooling demand in the hot season, which results in low energy efficiency.

[0028] Based on this, the embodiment of the present application provides a heat management method and an absorption type cold and heat combined heat management system, which integrates the steam exhaust steam, hot water production and distribution system and the guided closed cooling water system as a whole, and improves the energy utilization rate by switching the operation mode of the whole system, and the specific implementation is as follows:

[0029] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 The embodiment of the present application shows a structure schematic diagram of an absorption type cold and heat combined supply system. The absorption type cold and heat combined supply system provided by the embodiment of the present application comprises a hot water production and distribution system and a cooling water system connected with each other, and specifically, as shown in Figure 1 , the hot water production and distribution system comprises a generator 1, an absorber 2, a condenser 3, an evaporator 4 and a heat exchanger 7, and the guided closed cooling water system comprises an auxiliary equipment heat exchanger 5 and a cold source heat exchanger 6.

[0030] Specifically, as shown in Figure 1 , the generator is connected with the exhaust steam, the heat exchanger 7 and the condenser 3 respectively, the heat exchanger 7 is further connected to the absorber 2 through a solution pump P1 and a first throttling valve V1 respectively, the absorber 2 is connected to a heat supply return water end through a first three-way valve Q1, connected to the condenser 3 through a first circulating pump R1 and directly connected to the evaporator 4.

[0031] Specifically, the heat supply return water end is connected to the first end a of the first three-way valve Q1, and the second end c of the first three-way valve Q1 is connected to the absorber 2.

[0032] The condenser 3 is connected to the evaporator 4 through a second throttling valve V2, and the condenser 3 is further connected to a heat supply end and a third three-way valve Q3 through a second three-way valve Q2 respectively.

[0033] Specifically, the condenser 3 is connected to the first end d of the second three-way valve Q2, the second end e of the second three-way valve Q2 is connected to the heat supply end, and the third end f of the second three-way valve Q2 is connected to the third end j of the third three-way valve Q3.

[0034] The auxiliary equipment heat exchanger 5 is connected to the evaporator 4 through the third three-way valve Q3 and the fourth three-way valve Q4 in sequence, the evaporator 4 is also connected to the chilled water return through the fourth three-way valve Q4, the auxiliary equipment heat exchanger 5 is also connected to the cold source heat exchanger 6, the cold source heat exchanger 6 is also connected to the absorber 2 through the four-way valve K1 and the first three-way valve Q1 and connected to the evaporator 4 through the four-way valve K1 and the second circulating pump R2, the four-way valve K1 is also connected to the chilled water supply end, and the auxiliary equipment heat exchanger 5 is connected to the auxiliary equipment of the nuclear power plant.

[0035] Specifically, the first end l of the third three-way valve Q3 is connected to the auxiliary equipment heat exchanger 5, the second end k of the third three-way valve Q3 is connected to the first end h of the fourth three-way valve Q4, the second end g of the fourth three-way valve Q4 is connected to the evaporator 4, the third end i of the fourth three-way valve Q4 is connected to the chilled water return, one end of the second circulating pump R2 is connected to the evaporator 4, the other end of the second circulating pump R2 is connected to the first end m of the four-way valve K1, the second end p of the four-way valve K1 is connected to the chilled water supply end, the third end n of the four-way valve K1 is connected to the third end b of the first three-way valve Q1, and the fourth end o of the four-way valve K1 is connected to the cold source heat exchanger 6.

[0036] In the present application, various devices in the absorption type cold and heat combined supply system are connected through pipelines.

[0037] Please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 2 A flow chart showing the steps of the heat management method provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown. As Figure 2 shown, the heat management method provided by the present application includes:

[0038] S100, detecting the ambient temperature in the plant.

[0039] S200, if the ambient temperature in the plant is less than the first temperature threshold, controlling the first three-way valve, the second three-way valve, the third three-way valve, the fourth three-way valve and the four-way valve to switch to the heating switch state respectively, so that the waste heat generated by the auxiliary equipment and the steam waste heat jointly serve as the heat source driving the heating cycle, and the heating cycle is completed through the circulating working medium.

[0040] S300, if the ambient temperature is greater than the second temperature threshold, controlling the first three-way valve, the second three-way valve, the third three-way valve, the fourth three-way valve and the four-way valve to switch to the cooling switch state respectively, so that the steam waste gas and the heat absorbed from the chilled water return of the cooling cycle serve as the heat source driving the cooling cycle, and the cooling cycle is completed through the circulating working medium.

[0041] In steps S100-S300, waste heat steam is used as a high-temperature driving heat source of the absorption type cold and heat supply system, waste heat generated by auxiliary equipment is used as a low-temperature heat source of the absorption type cold and heat supply system in a heat supply cycle, low-temperature waste heat is utilized by an evaporator, and the heat capacity of the entire absorption type cold and heat supply system is expanded. In a cooling cycle, auxiliary equipment and a heat dissipation process required for operation of the absorption type cold and heat supply system are connected in series, waste heat is discharged into seawater, and cold energy is provided for a cooling end.

[0042] In a preferred embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, step S200 includes: Figure 1

[0043] The first end a and the second end c of the first three-way valve Q1 are controlled to be in an on state, so that the heat supply cycle water connected to the heat supply return water end flows into the circulating water pipeline in the absorber 2 through the first end a and the second end c of the first three-way valve Q1. The first circulating pump R1 is driven to transport the heat supply cycle water flowing out of the circulating water pipeline in the absorber 2 to the heat supply cycle water pipeline in the condenser 3. The refrigerant solution transported from the absorber 2 by the solution pump P1 is heated in the generator 1 by the waste heat steam, so that a part of the refrigerant solution in the generator 1 evaporates to form high-pressure refrigerant steam, and another part of the refrigerant solution in the generator 1 forms an absorbent concentrated solution. The high-pressure refrigerant steam is input into the condenser 3, and the absorbent concentrated solution flows into the absorber 2 through the first throttling valve V1. The high-pressure refrigerant steam is condensed by the condenser 3 to release heat to the heat supply cycle water flowing into the heat supply cycle water pipeline in the condenser 3, and the heated heat supply cycle water is transported to the first end d of the second three-way valve Q2. The condensed liquid refrigerant is transported to the evaporator 4 through the second throttling valve V2.

[0044] The first end d and the second end e of the second three-way valve Q2 are controlled to be in an on state, so that the heat supply cycle water output from the condenser flows into the heat supply end through the first end d and the second end e of the second three-way valve. The heat supply end is connected to the heat supply return water end through an external heat supply circuit to form a complete heat supply cycle.

[0045] The circulating working medium provided by the cooling water system is transported to the circulating working medium pipeline in the auxiliary equipment heat exchanger 5, so that the circulating working medium in the auxiliary equipment heat exchanger 5 absorbs heat generated by the operation of the auxiliary equipment of the nuclear power plant through the auxiliary equipment heat exchanger 5. The first end l and the second end k of the third three-way valve Q3 are controlled to be in an on state, and the first end h and the second end g of the fourth three-way valve Q4 are controlled to be in an on state, so that the circulating working medium output from the auxiliary equipment heat exchanger 5 flows into the circulating working medium pipeline in the evaporator 4 through the first end l and the second end k of the third three-way valve Q3 and the first end h and the second end g of the fourth three-way valve Q4 in sequence.

[0046] ​Further, the liquid refrigerant in the evaporator 4 is evaporated into gaseous refrigerant, and the gaseous refrigerant is controlled to flow into the absorber 2, and the gaseous refrigerant is absorbed by the absorber 2 to release heat.

[0047] In addition, the first end m and the third end o of the four-way valve K1 are controlled to be in the on state, so that the circulating working medium flowing out of the circulating working medium pipeline inside the evaporator 4 flows into the auxiliary equipment heat exchanger 5 through the cold source heat exchanger 6 driven by the second circulating pump R2, wherein the cold source heat exchanger 6 is responsible for dissipating the excess heat of the circulating working medium flowing into it.

[0048] The released heat is taken away by the circulating water through the heat exchanger, and the generated dilute solution is mixed with the concentrated solution generated by the generator and returned to the generator by the solution pump after being pressurized.

[0049] The absorption type cold and heat combined supply system provided in the application is used for heating, and the system is used to expand the heat and recover the waste heat of auxiliary equipment. The generator absorbs high-temperature heat from the steam exhaust gas to drive the system, and the grade of the low-temperature waste heat from the auxiliary equipment is improved through the absorption type heat pump cycle. Compared with direct steam heating, the heating capacity is increased. For the SRI cycle process, the waste heat from the auxiliary equipment is absorbed by the evaporator. The liquid refrigerant can be evaporated into gaseous refrigerant by using the waste heat of the auxiliary equipment, which reduces the original energy consumption. After the circulating working medium in the SRI is cooled, it is discharged to the low-temperature heat source mainly composed of seawater, which reduces the influence of heat dissipation on the environment.

[0050] In another possible implementation, the step S300 includes:

[0051] The third end b and the second end c of the first three-way valve Q1 are controlled to be in the on state. The circulating water flowing out of the third end b of the first three-way valve Q1 is subjected to heat dissipation treatment, and then flows into the circulating water pipeline in the absorber 2 through the second end c of the first three-way valve Q1. The first circulating pump is driven to transport the circulating water flowing out of the circulating water pipeline in the absorber 2 to the condenser 3. The refrigerant solution in the generator 1 is heated in the generator 1 by using the waste heat steam, so that part of the refrigerant solution in the generator 1 is evaporated to form high-pressure refrigerant steam, and another part of the refrigerant solution in the generator 1 forms an absorbent concentrated solution. The high-pressure refrigerant steam is input into the condenser 3, and the absorbent concentrated solution is depressurized by the second throttling valve V2 and flows into the absorber 2.

[0052] The high-pressure refrigerant steam is condensed by the condenser 3 to form liquid refrigerant, and the circulating water absorbing the condensation heat is transported to the first end d of the second three-way valve Q2 through the circulating water pipeline inside the condenser 3. The liquid refrigerant condensed by the condenser 3 is depressurized by the second throttling valve V2 and transported to the evaporator 4.

[0053] The first end d and the third end f of the second three-way valve Q2 are controlled to be in the on state, and the third end i and the first end l of the third three-way valve Q3 are controlled to be in the on state, so that the circulating water output by the condenser 3 flows into the circulating water pipeline in the auxiliary equipment heat exchanger 5 through the first end d of the second three-way valve Q2, the third end f of the second three-way valve Q2, the third end j of the third three-way valve Q3, and the first end l of the third three-way valve Q3.

[0054] The low-temperature waste heat generated by the operation of the auxiliary equipment of the nuclear power plant is absorbed by the circulating water in the auxiliary equipment heat exchanger 5, and the circulating water output by the circulating water pipeline in the auxiliary equipment heat exchanger 5 is transported to the heat sink heat exchanger 6 for heat dissipation treatment, wherein the circulating water flowing into the heat sink heat exchanger 6 simultaneously carries the low-temperature waste heat of the auxiliary equipment of the nuclear power plant, the absorption heat dissipation of the absorber, and the condensation heat release energy.

[0055] The second end o and the third end n of the four-way valve K1 are controlled to be in the on state, so that the circulating water output by the heat sink heat exchanger 6 flows into the third end b of the first three-way valve Q1 through the second end o and the third end n of the four-way valve K, forming a backflow, and realizing the application and discharge of the steam waste heat generated by the equipment of the nuclear power plant and the low-temperature waste heat of the auxiliary equipment.

[0056] In the loop formed by the cooling cycle, the third end i and the second end g of the fourth three-way valve Q4 are controlled to be in the on state, so that the cooling water in the cooling cycle flows into the evaporator 4 through the third end i and the second end g of the fourth three-way valve Q4, the liquid refrigerant in the evaporator 4 absorbs the heat of the cooling water flowing into the evaporator 4 to evaporate into gaseous refrigerant (this process is a heat release process for the cooling water, which can further reduce the temperature of the cooling water), and the gaseous refrigerant flows into the absorber 2.

[0057] The first end m and the fourth end p of the four-way valve K1 are controlled to be in the on state, so that the cooling water flowing out of the evaporator 4 flows into the cooling end through the first end m and the fourth end p of the four-way valve K1 under the drive of the second circulating pump R2, and the cooling pipeline is connected between the cooling end and the cooling return water end.

[0058] The gaseous refrigerant is absorbed and released by the absorber 2 to generate a dilute solution, which is combined with the concentrated solution fed back from the generator 1 to form a mixed solution, the heat released by the gaseous refrigerant is removed by the heating circulating water flowing through the heat exchanger 7, and the mixed solution is pressurized by the solution pump P1 and returned to the generator 1.

[0059] Specifically, in the cooling process, the circulating water in the SRI absorbs heat from the auxiliary equipment heat exchanger 5, the condenser 3, and the absorber 2 in turn and is discharged into the cold source heat exchanger 6. The cold source heat exchanger transmits the heat to seawater for discharge. The circulating water after discharging heat is transported to the cooling cycle by the cold source heat exchanger 6 to provide cold energy to the cold end. This heat absorption process increases the heat dissipation efficiency of the absorber and the condenser while achieving the purpose of heat dissipation of the auxiliary equipment, ensuring the normal operation of the absorption refrigeration cycle.

[0060] In a preferred embodiment, the circulating working medium in the cooling cycle for delivering cold energy to the cold end and the heating cycle for delivering heat to the hot end is water.

[0061] Specifically, the circulating working medium can also be replaced according to actual operation requirements.

[0062] In the absorption cooling and heating system, commonly used absorption refrigerant pairs are used as the absorbent and refrigerant, such as lithium bromide-water pair, calcium chloride-water pair, and water-ammonia pair.

[0063] In a preferred embodiment, the method further comprises:

[0064] Determining whether the ambient temperature is less than or equal to a second temperature threshold. If the ambient temperature is less than or equal to the second temperature threshold, the antifreeze is used as the circulating working medium in the cooling water system cycle. If the ambient temperature is greater than the second temperature threshold, water is used as the circulating working medium in the cooling water system cycle.

[0065] Specifically, the circulating working medium in the cooling water system cycle is usually water when the ambient temperature is greater than the second temperature threshold. When the ambient temperature is low to the risk of freezing (the ambient temperature is less than or equal to the second temperature threshold), the antifreeze needs to be replaced.

[0066] In a preferred embodiment, the optimal solution concentration and circulation ratio of the solution in each device in the absorption cooling and heating system are determined according to the demand temperature, the operating pressure range and efficiency optimization calculation of the devices in the absorption cooling and heating system.

[0067] In general refrigeration or heating systems, the coefficient of performance is often used to evaluate the system efficiency. In actual regulation and control process, the coefficient of performance under different solution concentrations and circulation ratios can be calculated by modeling, and the operating parameters corresponding to the highest efficiency in the pressure range are used to regulate and control each device.

[0068] In a specific embodiment, the circulating water flow rates in the cooling cycle, the heating cycle, the steam waste heat, and the open cooling water system are set to match the state by the circulation flow rate.

[0069] Specifically, the step of matching the circulation flow rate of the cooling cycle, the heating cycle, the steam waste heat, and the circulating water flow rate of the closed cooling water system comprises:

[0070] In the heating cycle, the high-temperature heat source power provided by the steam waste heat is matched with the low-temperature heat source power provided by the auxiliary equipment waste heat, in the cooling cycle, the high-temperature heat source power provided by the steam waste heat is matched with the cooling power of the closed cooling water system, and the circulating water temperature of the closed cooling water system is matched with the condensing temperature inside the condenser and the absorbing temperature inside the absorber.

[0071] In the heating cycle, if the designed circulation flow rate of the high-temperature heat source is higher than the heat that can be absorbed from the steam waste heat, the actual operation of the generator corresponding to the generation cutoff temperature is reduced, the steam generation amount is reduced, the heating capacity is reduced, the absorption amount of the auxiliary equipment waste heat is reduced, and the low-temperature waste heat discharged to the environment is increased, if the designed circulation flow rate of the low-temperature heat source is higher than the heat that can be absorbed from the auxiliary equipment waste heat, the condensing water in the evaporator cannot be completely evaporated.

[0072] In the cooling cycle, if the designed circulation flow rate of the high-temperature heat source is higher than the heat that can be absorbed from the steam waste heat, the actual operation of the generator corresponding to the generation cutoff temperature is reduced, the steam generation amount is reduced, the cooling capacity is reduced, if the designed circulation flow rate of the low-temperature heat source is higher than the heat that can be absorbed from the cooling return water, the condensing water in the evaporator cannot be completely evaporated, and the cooling capacity of the system is overflowed.

[0073] Therefore, in specific embodiments, the circulation flow rate of the cooling cycle or the heating cycle, the steam waste heat, and the circulating water flow rate in the closed cooling water system need to be matched to ensure that the required cooling, heating capacity, and cooling of auxiliary equipment can be supplied.

[0074] Preferably, the absorption cooling and heating combined supply system further comprises a processor, the method of the application can be run in the processor, and the processor is connected to the absorption cooling and heating combined supply system provided by the application to realize the setting control of different operating states (including cooling and heating) and operating parameters of the absorption cooling and heating combined supply system.

[0075] Based on the same application concept, the application embodiments also provide a heat management device corresponding to the heat management method provided by the above-mentioned embodiments. Since the principle of solving problems of the device in the application embodiments is similar to the heat management method of the above-mentioned embodiments of the application, the implementation of the device can be referred to the implementation of the method, and the repeated parts will not be described here.

[0076] Please refer to Figure 3 , Figure 3A functional module diagram of a heat management device is shown. As shown in Figure 3 The heat management device comprises:

[0077] The detection module 400 is configured to detect the ambient temperature in the factory building.

[0078] The heat supply module 410 is configured to, if the ambient temperature is less than the first temperature threshold, control the first three-way valve, the second three-way valve, the third three-way valve, the fourth three-way valve, and the four-way valve to switch to the heat supply switch state respectively, so that the waste heat generated by the auxiliary equipment and the steam waste heat jointly serve as a heat supply source for driving a heat supply cycle, and the heat supply cycle is completed by the circulating working medium.

[0079] The cooling supply module 420 is configured to, if the ambient temperature is greater than the second temperature threshold, control the first three-way valve, the second three-way valve, the third three-way valve, the fourth three-way valve, and the four-way valve to switch to the cooling supply switch state respectively, so that the steam waste heat and the heat absorbed from the backwater of the cooling cycle serve as a heat supply source for driving a cooling cycle, and the cooling cycle is completed by the circulating working medium.

[0080] Based on the same application concept, please refer to Figure 4 , Figure 4 A structural schematic diagram of an electronic device is shown. The electronic device 500 comprises a processor 510, a memory 520, and a bus 530. The memory 520 stores machine readable instructions executable by the processor 510. When the electronic device 500 is running, the processor 510 and the memory 520 communicate through the bus 530. When the machine readable instructions are executed by the processor 510, the steps of the heat management method provided in any of the above embodiments are performed.

[0081] Based on the same application concept, the present application further provides a computer readable storage medium, and the computer readable storage medium stores a computer program. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the heat management method provided in the above embodiments are performed.

[0082] Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that, for the convenience and brevity of the description, the specific working process of the system and the device described above can refer to the corresponding process in the foregoing method embodiment, and will not be repeated here. In several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed system, device and method can be implemented in other ways. The device embodiments described above are only schematic, for example, the division of units is only a logical function division, and there can be another division manner in actual implementation, for example, a plurality of units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. In addition, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection between the units shown or discussed can be indirect coupling or communication connection through some communication interfaces, devices or units, and can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0083] The units described as separate components can or can not be physically separate, and the components shown as units can or can not be physical units, i.e., can be located in one place or can be distributed to multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the embodiment.

[0084] In addition, the functional units in each embodiment of the present application can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can be physically present alone, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit.

[0085] If the functions are realized in the form of software function units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a non-volatile computer readable storage medium executable by a processor. Based on this understanding, the technical solutions of the present application or the essential part or part of the technical solutions that make contributions to the prior art can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes a plurality of instructions for causing a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the method of each embodiment of the present application. The foregoing storage medium includes: a U disk, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and various media that can store program codes.

[0086] The above is only a specific implementation of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or replacements within the technical scope disclosed in the present application, which should be covered within the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A thermal management method, characterized by, The application is applied to an absorption type cold and heat combined supply system, which comprises a hot water production and distribution system and a cooling water system connected with each other, the hot water production and distribution system comprises a generator, an absorber, a condenser, an evaporator and a heat exchanger, and the cooling water system comprises an auxiliary equipment heat exchanger and a cold source heat exchanger, The generator is connected with waste heat steam, the heat exchanger and the condenser respectively, the heat exchanger is connected with the absorber through a solution pump and a first throttling valve respectively, the absorber is connected with a heat supply return water end through a first three-way valve, connected with the condenser through a first circulating pump and connected with the evaporator, the condenser is connected with the evaporator through a second throttling valve, the condenser is connected with a heat supply end through a second three-way valve and connected with a third three-way valve respectively, the auxiliary equipment heat exchanger is connected with the evaporator through the third three-way valve and a fourth three-way valve in sequence, the evaporator is connected with a cooling end through the fourth three-way valve, the auxiliary equipment heat exchanger is connected with the cold source heat exchanger, the cold source heat exchanger is connected with the absorber through a four-way valve and the first three-way valve and connected with the evaporator through the four-way valve and a second circulating pump, the four-way valve is connected with a cooling return water end, and the auxiliary equipment heat exchanger is connected with auxiliary equipment of a nuclear power plant, The method comprises the following steps: detecting an environment temperature in a plant, if the environment temperature is less than a first temperature threshold, controlling a first three-way valve, a second three-way valve, a third three-way valve, a fourth three-way valve and a four-way valve to switch to a heat supply switch state respectively, so that waste heat generated by auxiliary equipment and steam waste heat are used as heat supply sources for driving a heat supply cycle together, and a circulating working medium is used to complete the heat supply cycle; if the environment temperature is greater than a second temperature threshold, controlling the first three-way valve, the second three-way valve, the third three-way valve, the fourth three-way valve and the four-way valve to switch to a cooling switch state respectively, so that steam waste heat and heat absorbed from return water of a cooling cycle are used as heat supply sources for driving a cooling cycle, and the circulating working medium is used to complete the cooling cycle; the absorption type cold and heat combined supply system is controlled to complete the heat supply cycle by the following method: controlling a first end and a second end of the first three-way valve to be in a connected state, so that heat supply cycle water connected with the heat supply return water end flows into the absorber through the first three-way valve; the circulating working medium flowing out of the absorber is delivered to the condenser through the first circulating pump; waste heat steam is used to heat refrigerant solution in the generator, so that part of the refrigerant solution in the generator evaporates to form high-pressure refrigerant steam, and another part of the refrigerant solution in the generator forms an absorbent concentrated solution, the high-pressure refrigerant steam is input into the condenser, and the absorbent concentrated solution flows into the absorber through the first throttling valve; the condenser is used to condense the high-pressure refrigerant steam, so that heat is released to the heat supply cycle water flowing through the condenser, and the heat supply cycle water is delivered to the second three-way valve, and the condensed liquid refrigerant is delivered to the evaporator through the second throttling valve; the first end and the second end of the second three-way valve are controlled to be in a connected state, so that the heat supply cycle water output by the condenser flows into the heat supply end through the second three-way valve; the circulating working medium provided by the cooling water system is delivered to the auxiliary equipment heat exchanger, so that the circulating working medium absorbs heat generated by the operation of the auxiliary equipment of the nuclear power plant through the auxiliary equipment heat exchanger; controlling the first end and the second end of the third three-way valve to be in the on state, and controlling the first end and the second end of the fourth three-way valve to be in the on state, so that the circulating working medium output by the auxiliary equipment heat exchanger flows into the evaporator in sequence through the third three-way valve and the fourth three-way valve; evaporating the liquid refrigerant in the evaporator into gaseous refrigerant and controlling the gaseous refrigerant to flow into the absorber; controlling the first end and the third end of the four-way valve to be in the on state, so that the circulating working medium flowing out of the evaporator flows into the auxiliary equipment heat exchanger in sequence through the cold source heat exchanger under the driving of the second circulating pump; absorbing and releasing heat of the gaseous refrigerant by the absorber, generating a dilute solution and combining the dilute solution with the concentrated solution fed back by the generator to form a mixed solution; using the heat exchanger to take away the heat released by the gaseous refrigerant through the heat supply circulating water flowing through the inside of the heat exchanger, and pressurizing the mixed solution by the solution pump and returning it to the generator; controlling the absorption type cold and heat cogeneration system to complete the cooling cycle by the following way: controlling the third end and the second end of the first three-way valve to be in the on state; using the waste heat steam to heat the refrigerant solution in the generator in the generator, so that part of the refrigerant solution in the generator evaporates to form high-pressure refrigerant steam, and another part of the refrigerant solution in the generator forms an absorbent concentrated solution, the high-pressure refrigerant steam is input into the condenser, and the absorbent concentrated solution flows into the absorber through the second throttling valve; using the condenser to condense the high-pressure refrigerant steam to release heat to the circulating water flowing through the inside of the condenser and to transport the circulating water absorbing and releasing heat to the second three-way valve, and the liquid refrigerant condensed in the condenser is transported to the evaporator after being reduced in pressure by the second throttling valve; controlling the first end and the third end of the second three-way valve to be in the on state and controlling the third end and the first end of the third three-way valve to be in the on state, so that the circulating water output by the condenser flows into the auxiliary equipment heat exchanger in sequence through the second three-way valve and the third three-way valve; absorbing the low-temperature waste heat generated by the operation of the auxiliary equipment of the nuclear power plant by the auxiliary equipment heat exchanger, and transporting the circulating water output by the auxiliary equipment heat exchanger to the cold source heat exchanger for heat dissipation treatment, wherein the circulating water flowing into the cold source heat exchanger carries the heat generated by the operation of the auxiliary equipment of the nuclear power plant, the heat dissipation energy generated by the absorption of the absorber, and the heat release energy generated by the condensation of the condenser at the same time; controlling the second end and the third end of the four-way valve to be in the on state, so that the circulating water output by the cold source heat exchanger flows into the absorber in sequence through the four-way valve and the first three-way valve; controlling the third end and the second end of the fourth three-way valve to be in the on state, so that the cooling water in the cooling cycle flows into the evaporator through the fourth three-way valve; evaporating the liquid refrigerant in the evaporator into gaseous refrigerant by absorbing heat from the cooling water flowing into the evaporator, and controlling the gaseous refrigerant to flow into the absorber; controlling the first end and the fourth end of the four-way valve to be in the on state, so that the cooling water flowing out of the evaporator flows into the cooling end through the four-way valve under the driving of the second circulating pump; absorbing and releasing heat of the gaseous refrigerant by the absorber, generating a dilute solution and combining the dilute solution with the concentrated solution fed back by the generator to form a mixed solution; ​ The heat released by the gas refrigerant is taken away by the heat supply circulating water flowing through the inside of the heat exchanger, and the mixed solution is pressurized by the solution pump and returned to the generator.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The circulating working medium in the heat supply cycle for delivering cold energy to the cold end and the heat supply cycle for delivering heat to the hot end is water.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method further comprises: determining whether the ambient temperature is less than or equal to a second temperature threshold value; if the ambient temperature is less than or equal to the second temperature threshold value, using the antifreeze as the circulating working medium; if the ambient temperature is greater than the second temperature threshold value, using water as the circulating working medium.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized by, The method further comprises: determining the optimal solution concentration and circulation ratio of the solution in each device in the absorption heat and cold combined supply system according to the demand temperature, the device operating pressure range and the efficiency optimization calculation in the absorption heat and cold combined supply system.

5. The method of claim 1, characterized in that, The method further comprises: setting the circulating water flow rates in the heat supply cycle, the heat supply cycle, the steam waste heat and the closed cooling water system to a matching state through the circulating flow rate.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that The step of setting the circulating water flow rates in the heat supply cycle, the heat supply cycle, the steam waste heat and the closed cooling water system to a matching state through the circulating flow rate comprises: in the heat supply cycle, matching the high-temperature heat source power provided by the steam waste heat with the low-temperature heat source power provided by the auxiliary equipment waste heat; in the heat supply cycle, matching the high-temperature heat source power provided by the steam waste heat with the cooling power of the closed cooling water system, and matching the circulating water temperature of the closed cooling water system with the condensing temperature inside the condenser and the absorbing temperature inside the absorber.

7. An absorption-based combined cooling and heating system, characterized by, The absorption heat and cold combined supply system comprises a hot water production and distribution system and a cooling water system connected to each other, the hot water production and distribution system comprises a generator, an absorber, a condenser, an evaporator and a heat exchanger, the closed cooling water system comprises an auxiliary equipment heat exchanger and a cold source heat exchanger, the generator is connected to the waste heat steam, the heat exchanger and the condenser respectively, the heat exchanger is further connected to the absorber through a solution pump and a first throttling valve respectively, the absorber is connected to the heat supply return water end through a first three-way valve, connected to the condenser through a first circulating pump and connected to the evaporator, the condenser is connected to the evaporator through a second throttling valve, the condenser is further connected to the heat supply end through a second three-way valve and a third three-way valve respectively, the auxiliary equipment heat exchanger is connected to the evaporator through the third three-way valve and a fourth three-way valve in sequence, the evaporator is further connected to the heat supply end through the fourth three-way valve, the auxiliary equipment heat exchanger is further connected to the cold source heat exchanger, the cold source heat exchanger is further connected to the absorber through a four-way valve and the first three-way valve and connected to the evaporator through a second circulating pump and the four-way valve, the four-way valve is further connected to the heat supply return water end, and the auxiliary equipment heat exchanger is connected to the auxiliary equipment of the nuclear power plant. The absorption heat and cold combined supply system further comprises a processor, which is used to execute the heat management method of any one of claims 1-6.

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