Electronic bid opening and evaluation system for bid invitation

Abstract

The invention discloses an electronic bid opening and evaluation system for bid invitation, and the system comprises a distributed storage module which is used for carrying out the distributed storage of bid invitation data through a block chain technology; the encryption module is used for encrypting the bid invitation file and the bid evaluation result; the digital signature module is used for carrying out digital signature on the encrypted bid invitation file and the bid evaluation result; the identity authentication module is used for verifying the identity of the user through a strong identity authentication mechanism, and only the authorized user can access and operate the system; the authority management module is used for performing authority control on the operation of the user in the system according to the identity and authority setting of the user; the operation recording module is used for recording all operations in the bid evaluation process on the block chain to realize transparency and traceability of the bid evaluation process; and the automatic bid evaluation module realizes automatic processing of the bid evaluation process by utilizing a front-end and back-end development technology. The method has the advantages of high safety, high transparency and high efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of electronic bid opening and evaluation, and in particular to an electronic bid opening and evaluation system for bidding. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of information technology and the popularization of the Internet, electronic bidding systems have gradually become the main form of modern bidding activities. However, in this process, the security and integrity of data have become increasingly prominent and have become the focus of attention of all parties. Tampering and leakage of bidding data will not only affect the fairness of the bidding process, but may also lead to serious economic losses and legal disputes. Therefore, how to ensure the security and non-tamperability of data in the electronic bidding process has become a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently.

[0003] In the existing technology, traditional electronic bidding systems mainly rely on centralized databases and security mechanisms based on simple encryption technology. These methods have many shortcomings when dealing with modern complex network environments and potential security threats. Specifically, traditional methods have obvious defects in the following aspects:

[0004] 1. Centralization of data storage: Traditional electronic bidding systems usually rely on centralized databases to store bidding data, which can easily become targets of attackers. Once the central database is breached, the integrity and security of the bidding data will be seriously threatened, and it will be difficult to ensure the data is tamper-proof and traceable.

[0005] 2. Single encryption and signature mechanism: In the existing technology, although encryption technology and digital signature technology are used to protect data security, a single encryption algorithm and signature mechanism are often used. This method is easy to be cracked or bypassed in the face of complex network attacks, and it is difficult to provide sufficient security.

[0006] 3. Vulnerability of identity authentication and permission management: The identity authentication mechanism in traditional systems is mostly based on a simple combination of username and password, lacking multi-factor authentication methods, which can be easily exploited by malicious users, resulting in unauthorized users gaining access to the system. In addition, permission management usually relies on predefined rules, lacks flexibility and dynamism, and cannot adjust permission settings in real time according to actual conditions.

[0007] 4. Insufficient operation records and data transparency: In the bidding process, traditional systems often lack an effective operation record mechanism, making it difficult to achieve transparency and traceability in the bidding process. This makes operation records easy to be tampered with, and it is impossible to ensure the fairness and credibility of the bidding results.

[0008] 5. Limited system automation capabilities: Due to the lack of comprehensive automation functions, traditional electronic bidding systems rely on a large number of manual operations during the bid evaluation process, which is prone to human errors and inefficiency. In addition, the front-end and back-end development technologies of the existing system lag behind, and it is impossible to fully utilize modern automation technology to improve bid evaluation efficiency.

[0009] Therefore, how to provide an electronic bidding and evaluation system is an urgent problem that technical personnel in this field need to solve. Summary of the invention

[0010] One purpose of the present invention is to propose an electronic bidding and evaluation system. The present invention fully combines the distributed storage, encryption and digital signature technology, strong identity authentication and authority management, transparent operation records and automated bid evaluation processing technology of blockchain, and describes in detail how to ensure data security and non-tamperability in the electronic bidding process. It has the advantages of high security, high transparency and high efficiency.

[0011] A bidding electronic bid opening and evaluation system according to an embodiment of the present invention is characterized by comprising:

[0012] Distributed storage module, used to use blockchain technology to distribute the bidding data;

[0013] Encryption module, used to encrypt bidding documents and bid evaluation results;

[0014] Digital signature module, used to digitally sign the encrypted bidding documents and bid evaluation results;

[0015] The identity authentication module is used to verify the user's identity through a strong identity authentication mechanism. Only authorized users can access and operate the system.

[0016] The authority management module is used to control the authority of users' operations in the system according to their identities and authority settings;

[0017] The operation record module is used to record all operations in the bid evaluation process on the blockchain to achieve transparency and traceability of the bid evaluation process;

[0018] The automated bid evaluation module uses front-end and back-end development technologies to automate the bid evaluation process.

[0019] Optionally, modules can be connected via the following methods:

[0020] S1. Distributed storage of bidding data using blockchain technology through distributed storage modules;

[0021] S2. Encrypt the bidding documents and bid evaluation results through the encryption module;

[0022] S3. Digitally sign the encrypted bidding documents and bid evaluation results through the digital signature module;

[0023] S4. Verify the user's identity through the identity authentication module. Only authorized users can access and operate the system.

[0024] S5. Through the authority management module, according to the user's identity and authority settings, the user's operations in the system are controlled;

[0025] S6. All operations in the bid evaluation process are recorded on the blockchain through the operation record module to achieve transparency and traceability of the bid evaluation process;

[0026] S7. Through the automated bid evaluation module and utilizing front-end and back-end development technologies, the bid evaluation process can be automated.

[0027] Optionally, the S1 specifically includes:

[0028] S11, divide the bidding data into multiple data blocks, each data block B i Contains a unique identifier ID i and the original data D i ;

[0029] S12, for each data block B i Perform hash processing to generate a hash value H(B i )=H(ID i ||D i );

[0030] S13, the hash value H(B i ) Link in sequence to form a blockchain chain C n , the hash value of each new data block is connected to the previous blockchain chain;

[0031] S14, chain C n Stored on multiple nodes of the blockchain network, verified and updated synchronously through a consensus mechanism;

[0032] S15. During the whole process, encryption technology is used to encrypt the data blocks and the generated blockchain chain is stored in a distributed database.

[0033] Optionally, the S2 specifically includes:

[0034] S21. Obtaining bidding documents F i and the evaluation results R i , and assign it a unique identifier ID i ;

[0035] S22, use symmetric encryption algorithm to encrypt the bidding document F iand evaluation results R i Encrypt separately:

[0036] C(F i )=(F i ×K i )+(F i modK i )modM;

[0037] C(R i )=(R i ×K i )+(R i modK i )modM;

[0038] Among them, C(F i ) and C(R i ) are the encrypted bidding documents and bid evaluation results, respectively, K i is the symmetric encryption key, M is the modulus, which is used to increase the complexity;

[0039] S23, using an asymmetric encryption algorithm to encrypt the key K i To encrypt:

[0040]

[0041] Among them, e and n are the public key parameters of the asymmetric encryption algorithm RSA, C(K i ) is the encrypted key;

[0042] S24, the encrypted bidding document C(F i ) and the evaluation results C(R i ) is stored and transmitted via secure transmission protocols;

[0043] S25. In the decryption process, the encrypted key K is encrypted using the private key i To decrypt:

[0044] K i =(C(K i )modn) d modn;

[0045] Among them, d and n are the private key parameters of the asymmetric encryption algorithm;

[0046] S26, use the decrypted K i For file F i and the result R i To decrypt:

[0047]

[0048] Among them, F iand R i They are the decrypted bidding documents and bid evaluation results. is the key K i The inverse element of is used for decryption operation.

[0049] Optionally, the S3 specifically includes:

[0050] S31. Obtain the encrypted bidding document C(F i ) and the evaluation results C(R i );

[0051] S32. Use a hash function to generate a hash value for the encrypted bidding documents and bid evaluation results:

[0052]

[0053] Among them, C(F i ) j and C(R i ) j are the data blocks of the encrypted file and the bid evaluation results, a and b are constants, p is the modulus, Represents a bitwise XOR operation, used to increase complexity;

[0054] S33. Use the private key d to digitally sign the hash value and generate the signed value:

[0055] S(C(F i ))=(H(C(F i ))×r d )modN;

[0056] S(C(R i ))=(H(C(R i ))×r d )modN;

[0057] Among them, r is a randomly generated number used to enhance the security of the signature, d is the private key parameter, and N is the modulus;

[0058] S34. During the verification process, the signature data is verified using the public key e:

[0059] V(C(F i ))=(S(C(F i ))×s e )modN;

[0060] V(C(R i ))=(S(C(R i ))×s e )modN;

[0061] Where s is another randomly generated number used for security in the verification process, e is the public key parameter, and N is the modulus;

[0062] S35, the verification result V(C(F i )) and V(C(R i )) and the original hash value H(C(F i )) and H(C(R i )) are compared. If they are consistent, the verification is successful, indicating that the documents and evaluation results have not been tampered with.

[0063] Optionally, the S4 specifically includes:

[0064] S41. User inputs identity credential U i , the system performs hash processing on it and generates a hash value H(U i ):

[0065]

[0066] Among them, U i [j] is the jth character of the credential, a and b are constants, p is the modulus, Represents a bitwise exclusive OR operation;

[0067] S42, the generated hash value H(U i ) and the hash value H(U stored ) for comparison, if H(U i )=H(U stored ), the verification is successful;

[0068] S43. After verification, the system generates a session key K s :

[0069]

[0070] Among them, R is a random number, s is a security parameter, q is the modulus, Represents a bitwise exclusive OR operation;

[0071] S44, the system sends the session key K s Encrypted using public key e and transmitted to the client:

[0072]

[0073] Where e is the public key parameter, t is a randomly generated encryption offset, and N is the modulus. Represents a bitwise exclusive OR operation;

[0074] S45. The client receives the encrypted session key C(K s ), and then decrypt using private key d:

[0075]

[0076] Where d is the private key parameter, N is the modulus, is the session key K s The inverse element of

[0077] S46, the client uses the decrypted session key K s Perform subsequent data encryption transmission.

[0078] Optionally, the S5 specifically includes:

[0079] S51, the system according to the user identity U i The hash value H(U i ) Generate the authority key P k , used to control the user's operating permissions in the system:

[0080]

[0081] Where r is the random number associated with the user, s is the system security parameter, and m is the modulus. Represents a bitwise exclusive OR operation;

[0082] S52, system pre-defined permission level L j , and calculate the hash value H(L j ) to determine user permissions:

[0083]

[0084] Among them, L j [i] is the permission level L j The i-th character of , k and b are constants, p is the modulus, Represents a bitwise exclusive OR operation;

[0085] S53, the system sends the user's authorization key P k The stored permission level hash value H(L j ) for comparison, if P k ≥H(L j ), the user obtains the corresponding permissions;

[0086] S54. After the authority verification is passed, the system generates an operation token T o , which is used to control the user's operations within a certain period of time:

[0087]

[0088] Where t is the current timestamp, R is the output of the system random number generator, s is the security parameter, q is the modulus, Represents a bitwise exclusive OR operation;

[0089] S55. The user must provide an operation token T when performing an operation. o , the system verifies the validity of the token:

[0090]

[0091] Among them, V(T o ) is the token value after verification, ÷ represents integer division, and the operation is allowed if the verification is passed, otherwise it is rejected.

[0092] Optionally, the S6 specifically includes:

[0093] S61. The system records the detailed information of each bid evaluation operation on the blockchain, including the operation timestamp T i , Operation Type O i , operator identity hash H(U i ) and the hash value H(C i ), the hash value H(R i ):

[0094]

[0095] Where a, b, and c are constants, p is the modulus, Represents a bitwise exclusive OR operation;

[0096] S62, generate the operation record hash value H(R i ) are linked to the blockchain in chronological order to form an immutable chain:

[0097]

[0098] Among them, L j-1 is the hash value of the previous block in the chain, d is a constant, and q is the modulus;

[0099] S63. After each operation record is written to the blockchain, the system verifies the integrity of the chain through a consensus mechanism:

[0100]

[0101] Among them, d and e are constants, and m is the modulus, which is used to verify whether the chain has been tampered with;

[0102] S64. If the verification is successful, the system will generate the latest chain L j Broadcast to all nodes to keep each node's copy of the chain consistent and update the chain synchronization between nodes:

[0103]

[0104] Among them, f and g are constants, and n is the modulus;

[0105] S65. In the subsequent bid evaluation operation, the system retrieves the operation record hash value H(R i ), verify the legality and traceability of each operation.

[0106] Optionally, the S7 specifically includes:

[0107] S71. The system receives the bid evaluation data D input by the user through the front-end interface i , and preprocess the data, including data formatting, deduplication and standardization, to generate formatted data D′ i ;

[0108] S72, the system calculates the pre-processed data D' i Generate the corresponding hash value H(D′ i ):

[0109]

[0110] Among them, D′ i [j] represents data D′ i The jth element of , a, b, and c are constants, k is a weight factor, p is the modulus, Represents a bitwise exclusive OR operation;

[0111] S73, the system generates a hash value H(D′ i ) to generate the signed data S(D′ i ):

[0112]

[0113] Where s is the signature key, d is the private key exponent, r is the random number, and N is the modulus. Represents a bitwise exclusive OR operation;

[0114] S74, the system will sign the data S (D ' i ) is stored in the back-end database and transmitted to relevant nodes through the distributed network for verification and processing. The system maintains a record table in the back-end database containing the hash value H(D′) of the data. i ), signature value S(D′ i ) and timestamp T i ;

[0115] S75. In the subsequent bid evaluation process, the system retrieves the hash value H(D′) in the record table. i ) and signature value S(D′ i), verify the integrity and authenticity of the data:

[0116]

[0117] Among them, V(D′ i ) is the verification result, if V(D′ i ) and the original hash value H(D′) i ) are consistent, the verification passes and the data is considered complete and has not been tampered with.

[0118] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0119] (1) The present invention provides high security and non-tamperability of bidding data by combining distributed storage and encryption technology of blockchain technology. By distributing and storing bidding data in the blockchain network, the integrity and traceability of the data are guaranteed. At the same time, advanced encryption technology and complex hash algorithms are used to further improve the security of the data and prevent unauthorized access and tampering.

[0120] (2) The present invention ensures the security and controllability of the system through strong identity authentication and flexible permission management mechanism. By using complex hash functions and multi-factor authentication technology, the system can effectively prevent attacks from malicious users and unauthorized access. At the same time, through dynamic permission management, permission configuration can flexibly respond to actual needs, ensuring the reliability of the system and the legality of operations.

[0121] (3) The present invention combines transparent operation records with blockchain technology to achieve full transparency and traceability of the bid evaluation process. Each bid evaluation operation is recorded in detail and linked to the blockchain. The legitimacy of the operation is verified through a consensus mechanism, ensuring that the operation records cannot be tampered with. The fairness and credibility of the bid evaluation process are further improved through a complex verification algorithm.

[0122] (4) The present invention improves the processing efficiency and reliability of the system through the automated bid evaluation processing function. By using front-end and back-end development technologies, the system can automatically process bid evaluation data, reduce the possibility of manual intervention, and reduce the risk of human error. At the same time, through complex data processing algorithms and signature verification technology, the accuracy and security of bid evaluation results are ensured, significantly improving bid evaluation efficiency and data processing capabilities. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0123] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0124] Figure 1 This is a general architecture diagram of an electronic bidding and evaluation system proposed by the present invention;

[0125] Figure 2 This is a flow chart of the distributed storage and management module in the electronic bidding and evaluation system proposed by the present invention;

[0126] Figure 3 This is a flow chart of the automated bid evaluation module in the electronic bid opening and evaluation system for bidding proposed by the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0127] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These drawings are simplified schematic diagrams, which only illustrate the basic structure of the present invention in a schematic manner, and therefore only show the components related to the present invention.

[0128] refer to Figure 1-Figure 3 , a bidding electronic bid opening and evaluation system, characterized by comprising:

[0129] Distributed storage module, used to use blockchain technology to distribute the bidding data;

[0130] Encryption module, used to encrypt bidding documents and bid evaluation results;

[0131] Digital signature module, used to digitally sign the encrypted bidding documents and bid evaluation results;

[0132] The identity authentication module is used to verify the user's identity through a strong identity authentication mechanism. Only authorized users can access and operate the system.

[0133] The authority management module is used to control the authority of users' operations in the system according to their identities and authority settings;

[0134] The operation record module is used to record all operations in the bid evaluation process on the blockchain to achieve transparency and traceability of the bid evaluation process;

[0135] The automated bid evaluation module uses front-end and back-end development technologies to automate the bid evaluation process.

[0136] A bidding electronic bid opening and evaluation system, characterized in that the modules are implemented through the following methods:

[0137] S1. Distributed storage of bidding data using blockchain technology through distributed storage modules;

[0138] In this implementation, S1 specifically includes:

[0139] S11, divide the bidding data into multiple data blocks, each data block B i Contains a unique identifier ID i and the original data D i ;

[0140] S12, for each data block B i Perform hash processing to generate a hash value H(B i )=H(ID i ||D i );

[0141] S13, the hash value H(B i ) Link in sequence to form a blockchain chain C n , the hash value of each new data block is connected to the previous blockchain chain;

[0142] S14, chain C n Stored on multiple nodes of the blockchain network, verified and updated synchronously through a consensus mechanism;

[0143] S15. During the whole process, encryption technology is used to encrypt the data blocks and the generated blockchain chain is stored in a distributed database.

[0144] S2. Encrypt the bidding documents and bid evaluation results through the encryption module;

[0145] In this implementation, S2 specifically includes:

[0146] S21. Obtaining bidding documents F i and evaluation results R i , and assign it a unique identifier ID i ;

[0147] S22, use symmetric encryption algorithm to encrypt the bidding document F i and evaluation results R i Encrypt separately:

[0148] C(F i )=(F i ×K i )+(F i modK i )modM;

[0149] C(R i )=(R i ×K i )+(R i modK i )modM;

[0150] Among them, C(F i ) and C(R i ) are the encrypted bidding documents and bid evaluation results, respectively, K i is the symmetric encryption key, M is the modulus, which is used to increase the complexity;

[0151] S23, using an asymmetric encryption algorithm to encrypt the key K i To encrypt:

[0152]

[0153] Among them, e and n are the public key parameters of the asymmetric encryption algorithm RSA, C(K i ) is the encrypted key;

[0154] S24, the encrypted bidding document C(F i ) and the evaluation results C(R i ) is stored and transmitted via secure transmission protocols;

[0155] S25. In the decryption process, the encrypted key K is encrypted using the private key i To decrypt:

[0156] K i =(C(K i )modn) d modn;

[0157] Among them, d and n are the private key parameters of the asymmetric encryption algorithm;

[0158] S26, use the decrypted K i For file F i and the result R i To decrypt:

[0159]

[0160] Among them, F i and R i They are the decrypted bidding documents and bid evaluation results. is the key K i The inverse element of is used for decryption operation.

[0161] S3. Digitally sign the encrypted bidding documents and bid evaluation results through the digital signature module;

[0162] In this implementation, S3 specifically includes:

[0163] S31. Obtain the encrypted bidding document C(F i ) and the evaluation results C(R i );

[0164] S32. Use a hash function to generate a hash value for the encrypted bidding documents and bid evaluation results:

[0165]

[0166] Among them, C(Fi ) j and C(R i ) j are the data blocks of the encrypted file and the bid evaluation results, a and b are constants, p is the modulus, Represents a bitwise XOR operation, used to increase complexity;

[0167] S33. Use the private key d to digitally sign the hash value and generate the signed value:

[0168] S(C(F i ))=(H(C(F i ))×r a )modN;

[0169] S(C(R i ))=(H(C(R i ))×r a )modN;

[0170] Among them, r is a randomly generated number used to enhance the security of the signature, d is the private key parameter, and N is the modulus;

[0171] S34. During the verification process, the signature data is verified using the public key e:

[0172] V(C(F i ))=(S(C(F i ))×s e )modN;

[0173] V(C(R i ))=(S(C(R i ))×s e )modN;

[0174] Where s is another randomly generated number used for security in the verification process, e is the public key parameter, and N is the modulus;

[0175] S35, the verification result V(C(F i )) and V(C(R i )) and the original hash value H(C(F i )) and H(C(R i )) are compared. If they are consistent, the verification is successful, indicating that the documents and evaluation results have not been tampered with.

[0176] S4. Verify the user's identity through the identity authentication module. Only authorized users can access and operate the system.

[0177] In this implementation, S4 specifically includes:

[0178] S41. User inputs identity credential Ui , the system performs hash processing on it and generates a hash value H(U i ):

[0179]

[0180] Among them, U i [j] is the jth character of the credential, a and b are constants, p is the modulus, Represents a bitwise exclusive OR operation;

[0181] S42, the generated hash value H(U i ) and the hash value H(U stored ) for comparison, if H(U i )=H(U stored ), the verification is successful;

[0182] S43. After verification, the system generates a session key K s :

[0183]

[0184] Among them, R is a random number, s is a security parameter, q is the modulus, Represents a bitwise exclusive OR operation;

[0185] S44, the system sends the session key K s Encrypted using public key e and transmitted to the client:

[0186]

[0187] Where e is the public key parameter, t is a randomly generated encryption offset, and N is the modulus. Represents a bitwise exclusive OR operation;

[0188] S45. The client receives the encrypted session key C(K s ), and then decrypt using private key d:

[0189]

[0190] Where d is the private key parameter, N is the modulus, is the session key K s The inverse element of

[0191] S46, the client uses the decrypted session key K s Perform subsequent data encryption transmission.

[0192] S5. Through the authority management module, according to the user's identity and authority settings, the user's operations in the system are controlled;

[0193] In this implementation, S5 specifically includes:

[0194] S51, the system according to the user identity U i The hash value H(U i ) Generate the authority key P k , used to control the user's operating permissions in the system:

[0195]

[0196] Where r is the random number associated with the user, s is the system security parameter, and m is the modulus. Represents a bitwise exclusive OR operation;

[0197] S52, system pre-defined permission level L j , and calculate the hash value H(L j ) to determine user permissions:

[0198]

[0199] Among them, L j [i] is the permission level L j The i-th character of , k and b are constants, p is the modulus, Represents a bitwise exclusive OR operation;

[0200] S53, the system sends the user's authorization key P k The stored permission level hash value H(L j ) for comparison, if P k ≥H(L j ), the user obtains the corresponding permissions;

[0201] S54. After the authority verification is passed, the system generates an operation token T o , which is used to control the user's operations within a certain period of time:

[0202]

[0203] Where t is the current timestamp, R is the output of the system random number generator, s is the security parameter, q is the modulus, Represents a bitwise exclusive OR operation;

[0204] S55. The user must provide an operation token T when performing an operation. o , the system verifies the validity of the token:

[0205]

[0206] Among them, V(T o) is the token value after verification, ÷ represents integer division, and the operation is allowed if verification is passed, otherwise it is rejected.

[0207] S6. All operations in the bid evaluation process are recorded on the blockchain through the operation record module to achieve transparency and traceability of the bid evaluation process;

[0208] In this implementation, S6 specifically includes:

[0209] S61. The system records the detailed information of each bid evaluation operation on the blockchain, including the operation timestamp T i , Operation Type O i , operator identity hash H(U i ) and the hash value H(C i ), the hash value H(R i ):

[0210]

[0211] Where a, b, and c are constants, p is the modulus, Represents a bitwise exclusive OR operation;

[0212] S62, generate the operation record hash value H(R i ) are linked to the blockchain in chronological order to form an immutable chain:

[0213]

[0214] Among them, L j-1 is the hash value of the previous block in the chain, d is a constant, and q is the modulus;

[0215] S63. After each operation record is written into the blockchain, the system verifies the integrity of the chain through a consensus mechanism:

[0216]

[0217] Among them, d and e are constants, and m is the modulus, which is used to verify whether the chain has been tampered with;

[0218] S64. If the verification is successful, the system will generate the latest chain L j Broadcast to all nodes to keep each node's copy of the chain consistent and update the chain synchronization between nodes:

[0219]

[0220] Among them, f and g are constants, and n is the modulus;

[0221] S65. In the subsequent bid evaluation operation, the system retrieves the operation record hash value H(Ri ), verify the legality and traceability of each operation.

[0222] S7. Through the automated bid evaluation module and utilizing front-end and back-end development technologies, the bid evaluation process can be automated.

[0223] In this implementation, S7 specifically includes:

[0224] S71. The system receives the bid evaluation data input by the user through the front-end interface D i , and preprocess the data, including data formatting, deduplication and standardization, to generate formatted data D′ i ;

[0225] S72, the system calculates the pre-processed data D' i Generate the corresponding hash value H(D′ i ):

[0226]

[0227] Among them, D′ i [j] represents data D′ i The jth element of , a, b, and c are constants, k is the weight factor, p is the modulus, Represents a bitwise exclusive OR operation;

[0228] S73, the system generates a hash value H(D′ i ) to generate the signed data S(D′ i ):

[0229]

[0230] Where s is the signature key, d is the private key exponent, r is the random number, and N is the modulus. Represents a bitwise exclusive OR operation;

[0231] S74, the system will sign the data S (D ' i ) is stored in the back-end database and transmitted to relevant nodes through the distributed network for verification and processing. The system maintains a record table in the back-end database containing the hash value H(D′) of the data. i ), signature value S(D′ i ) and timestamp T i ;

[0232] S75. In the subsequent bid evaluation process, the system retrieves the hash value H(D′) in the record table. i ) and signature value S(D′ i ), verify the integrity and authenticity of the data:

[0233]

[0234] Among them, V(D′ i ) is the verification result, if V(D′ i ) and the original hash value H(D′) i ) are consistent, the verification passes and the data is considered complete and has not been tampered with.

[0235] Embodiment 1:

[0236] In order to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the present invention, this paper takes the electronic bidding system of a large domestic construction engineering company, Company B, as the test scenario and conducts a comprehensive application and test for 6 months. As a leading enterprise in the domestic construction industry, Company B conducts a large number of project biddings every year, and the security and integrity of its bidding data are of vital importance. However, due to the problems of data tampering, lax identity authentication and opaque operation records in the traditional electronic bidding system used before, Company B has suffered from bidding data leakage and tampering incidents many times, which seriously affected the company's reputation and economic interests.

[0237] In order to solve the above problems, Company B decided to deploy the electronic bidding opening and evaluation system based on blockchain technology of the present invention and apply it in the bidding process of the whole company. The deployment of the system includes multiple modules such as front-end data input, distributed storage and management, encryption and digital signature, identity authentication and authority management, transparent bid evaluation records and automated bid evaluation processing. During the test period, this system completely replaced the original electronic bidding system of Company B, covering the entire process from the release of bidding documents to the end of bid evaluation.

[0238] In the application scenario, the system first receives the bidding data entered by the user through the front-end interface, including bidding documents, bidding information and bid evaluation results. These data are stored through a distributed storage module. Each bidding document will generate a unique hash value before storage, and distributed storage is achieved through blockchain technology. This process ensures the immutability and traceability of the data. Even if there is a tampering attempt by malicious attackers, it can be detected and repaired through the distributed characteristics of blockchain technology. During the test period, Company B issued a total of 215 bidding documents for projects, and no data tampering occurred in any of the documents during the entire bidding process. The system's anti-tampering ability has been fully verified.

[0239] At the same time, the system uses complex hash algorithms and asymmetric encryption technology to encrypt and sign the bidding documents and bid evaluation results during encryption and digital signature, ensuring the confidentiality and authenticity of the data. During the bid evaluation process, the system requires all participants to log in using a strong identity authentication mechanism, and dynamically manages the user's operating permissions through the permission management module to ensure that only authorized users can perform relevant operations. During the test, all bid evaluation experts and bidders of Company B used the system's strong identity authentication mechanism and successfully prevented 5 unauthorized access attempts. In addition, through a flexible permission management mechanism, the system dynamically adjusts permission settings according to user roles to ensure the compliance and security of the bidding process.

[0240] The transparency of the bid evaluation process is another highlight of the present invention. The system records each bid evaluation operation through blockchain technology, including the operation time, operator identity and operation content, and generates a corresponding hash value. These operation records are stored in the blockchain in an unalterable form, ensuring the traceability of each step of the bid evaluation operation. During the test period, the system recorded more than 1,000 bid evaluation operations, and all operations can be traced back through the system's blockchain records, ensuring the fairness and transparency of the bid evaluation process. By comparing with the traditional system, it is found that the system of the present invention performs well in the transparency of bid evaluation records, significantly improving the credibility of the bid evaluation results.

[0241] In terms of automated bid evaluation, the system uses advanced front-end and back-end development technologies to achieve a high degree of automation in the bid evaluation process. Through data processing algorithms and automated scripts, the system is able to automatically analyze and score bid data, reducing errors and biases in manual operations. During the six-month test period, the system processed bid evaluation data for 215 projects, of which 98% of the project bid evaluation time was shortened by more than 40% compared to before, and the accuracy of the bid evaluation results was significantly improved. At the same time, the system ensures the security of the bid evaluation results through signature verification technology, avoiding the possibility of human intervention.

[0242] In order to further verify the effectiveness of the system, Company B compared the data performance before and after the system was deployed. Before the system was deployed, Company B had an average of 3 security incidents related to bidding data per quarter, mainly involving data tampering and unauthorized access. Within 6 months after the system was deployed, all security incidents related to bidding data were eliminated, achieving the goal of zero tampering and zero unauthorized access. In addition, the bid evaluation efficiency was significantly improved, and the average bid evaluation time for each project was shortened from the original 7 days to 4 days. Through data analysis, it was found that the system's automated processing capabilities significantly improved the bid evaluation efficiency and reduced the interference of human factors in the bid evaluation process. The specific data is shown in Table 1 below:

[0243] Table 1B Company's Electronic Bidding and Evaluation System Application Effect Data Report

[0244]

[0245] It can be seen from the above data that before the deployment of the system of the present invention, Company B had an average of 3 security incidents related to bidding data per quarter, which had a negative impact on the fairness of the bidding process and the company's reputation. However, after the deployment of the system, all security incidents related to bidding data were effectively prevented, achieving the goal of zero security incidents. At the same time, the system successfully blocked 5 unauthorized access attempts, significantly improving the security of the system. In addition, the system's automated bid evaluation processing function greatly shortened the bid evaluation time for each project, from an average of 7 days to 4 days, significantly improving efficiency. The tampering detection success rate reached 100%, and all tampering attempts were detected and repaired by the system in a timely manner, ensuring the integrity and non-tamperability of the bidding data. From these data, it can be concluded that the system of the present invention has shown significant superiority in ensuring the security of bidding data, improving bid evaluation efficiency, and preventing unauthorized access, and effectively solves the security and efficiency problems existing in traditional electronic bidding systems.

[0246] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A bidding electronic bid opening and evaluation system, characterized in that: include: Distributed storage module, used to use blockchain technology to distribute the bidding data; Encryption module, used to encrypt bidding documents and bid evaluation results; Digital signature module, used to digitally sign the encrypted bidding documents and bid evaluation results; The identity authentication module is used to verify the user's identity through a strong identity authentication mechanism. Only authorized users can access and operate the system. The authority management module is used to control the authority of users' operations in the system according to their identities and authority settings; The operation record module is used to record all operations in the bid evaluation process on the blockchain to achieve transparency and traceability of the bid evaluation process; The automated bid evaluation module uses front-end and back-end development technologies to automate the bid evaluation process.

2. The electronic bidding and evaluation system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The modules are implemented as follows: S1. Distributed storage of bidding data using blockchain technology through distributed storage modules; S2. Encrypt the bidding documents and bid evaluation results through the encryption module; S3. Digitally sign the encrypted bidding documents and bid evaluation results through the digital signature module; S4. Verify the user's identity through the identity authentication module. Only authorized users can access and operate the system. S5. Through the authority management module, according to the user's identity and authority settings, the user's operations in the system are controlled; S6. All operations in the bid evaluation process are recorded on the blockchain through the operation record module to achieve transparency and traceability of the bid evaluation process; S7. Through the automated bid evaluation module and utilizing front-end and back-end development technologies, the bid evaluation process can be automated.

3. The electronic bidding and evaluation system according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The S1 specifically includes: S11, divide the bidding data into multiple data blocks, each data block B i Contains a unique identifier ID i and the original data D i ; S12, for each data block B i Perform hash processing to generate a hash value H(B i )=H(ID i ||D i ); S13, the hash value H(B i ) Link in sequence to form a blockchain chain C n , the hash value of each new data block is connected to the previous blockchain chain; S14, chain C n Stored on multiple nodes of the blockchain network, verified and updated synchronously through a consensus mechanism; S15. During the whole process, encryption technology is used to encrypt the data blocks and store the generated blockchain chain in a distributed database.

4. The electronic bidding and evaluation system according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The S2 specifically includes: S21. Obtaining bidding documents F i and the evaluation results R i , and assign it a unique identifier ID i ; S22, use symmetric encryption algorithm to encrypt the bidding document F i and evaluation results R i Encrypt separately: C(F i )=(F i ×K i )+(F i modK i )modM; C(R i )=(R i ×K i )+(R i modK i )modM; Among them, C(F i ) and C(R i ) are the encrypted bidding documents and bid evaluation results, respectively, K i is the symmetric encryption key, M is the modulus, which is used to increase the complexity; S23, using an asymmetric encryption algorithm to encrypt the key K i To encrypt: Among them, e and n are the public key parameters of the asymmetric encryption algorithm RSA, C(K i ) is the encrypted key; S24, the encrypted bidding document C(F i ) and the evaluation results C(R i ) is stored and transmitted via a secure transmission protocol; S25. In the decryption process, the encrypted key K is encrypted using the private key i To decrypt: K i =(C(K i )modern) d modern; Among them, d and n are the private key parameters of the asymmetric encryption algorithm; S26, use the decrypted K i For file F i and the result R i To decrypt: Among them, F i and R i They are the decrypted bidding documents and bid evaluation results. is the key K i The inverse element of is used for decryption operation.

5. The electronic bidding and evaluation system according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The S3 specifically includes: S31. Obtain the encrypted bidding document C(F i ) and the evaluation results C(R i ); S32. Use a hash function to generate a hash value for the encrypted bidding documents and bid evaluation results: Among them, C(F i ) j and C(R i ) j are the data blocks of the encrypted file and the bid evaluation results, a and b are constants, p is the modulus, Represents a bitwise XOR operation, used to increase complexity; S33. Use private key d to digitally sign the hash value to generate the signed value: S(C(F i ))=(H(C(F i ))×r d )modN; S(C(R i ))=(H(C(R i ))×r d )modN; Among them, r is a randomly generated number used to enhance the security of the signature, d is the private key parameter, and N is the modulus; S34. During the verification process, the signature data is verified using the public key e: V(C(F i ))=(S(C(F i ))×s e )modN; V(C(R i ))=(S(C(R i ))×s e )modN; Where s is another randomly generated number used for security in the verification process, e is the public key parameter, and N is the modulus; S35, the verification result V(C(F i )) and V(C(R i )) and the original hash value H(C(F i )) and H(C(R i )) are compared. If they are consistent, the verification is successful, indicating that the documents and evaluation results have not been tampered with.

6. The electronic bidding and evaluation system according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The S4 specifically includes: S41. User inputs identity credential U i , the system performs hash processing on it and generates a hash value H(U i ): Among them, U i [j] is the jth character of the credential, a and b are constants, p is the modulus, Represents a bitwise exclusive OR operation; S42, the generated hash value H(U i ) and the hash value H(U stored ) for comparison, if H(U i )=H(U stored ), the verification is successful; S43. After verification, the system generates a session key K s : Among them, R is a random number, s is a security parameter, q is the modulus, Represents a bitwise exclusive OR operation; S44, the system sends the session key K s Encrypted using public key e and transmitted to the client: Where e is the public key parameter, t is a randomly generated encryption offset, and N is the modulus. Represents a bitwise exclusive OR operation; S45. The client receives the encrypted session key C(K s ), and then decrypt using private key d: Where d is the private key parameter, N is the modulus, is the session key K s The inverse element of S46, the client uses the decrypted session key K s Perform subsequent data encryption transmission.

7. The electronic bidding and evaluation system according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The S5 specifically includes: S51, the system according to the user identity U i The hash value H(U i ) Generate the authority key P k , used to control the user's operating permissions in the system: Where r is the random number associated with the user, s is the system security parameter, and m is the modulus. Represents a bitwise exclusive OR operation; S52, system pre-defined permission level L j , and calculate the hash value H(L j ) to determine user permissions: Among them, L j [i] is the permission level L j The i-th character of , k and b are constants, p is the modulus, Represents a bitwise exclusive OR operation; S53, the system sends the user's authorization key P k The stored permission level hash value H(L j ) for comparison, if P k ≥H(L j ), the user obtains the corresponding permissions; S54. After the authority verification is passed, the system generates an operation token T o , which is used to control the user's operations within a certain period of time: Where t is the current timestamp, R is the output of the system random number generator, s is the security parameter, q is the modulus, Represents a bitwise exclusive OR operation; S55. The user must provide an operation token T when performing an operation. o , the system verifies the validity of the token: Among them, V(T o ) is the token value after verification, ÷ represents integer division, and the operation is allowed if the verification is passed, otherwise it is rejected.

8. The electronic bidding and evaluation system according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The S6 specifically includes: S61. The system records the detailed information of each bid evaluation operation on the blockchain, including the operation timestamp T i , Operation Type O i , operator identity hash H(U i ) and the hash value H(C i ), the hash value H(R i ): Where a, b, and c are constants, p is the modulus, Represents a bitwise exclusive OR operation; S62, generate the operation record hash value H(R i ) are linked to the blockchain in chronological order to form an immutable chain: Among them, L j-1 is the hash value of the previous block in the chain, d is a constant, and q is the modulus; S63. After each operation record is written to the blockchain, the system verifies the integrity of the chain through a consensus mechanism: Among them, d and e are constants, and m is the modulus, which is used to verify whether the chain has been tampered with; S64. If the verification is successful, the system will generate the latest chain L j Broadcast to all nodes to keep each node's copy of the chain consistent and update the chain synchronization between nodes: Among them, f and g are constants, and n is the modulus; S65. In the subsequent bid evaluation operation, the system retrieves the operation record hash value H(R i ), verify the legality and traceability of each operation.

9. The electronic bidding and evaluation system according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The S7 specifically includes: S71. The system receives the bid evaluation data D input by the user through the front-end interface i , and preprocess the data, including data formatting, deduplication and standardization, to generate formatted data D′ i ; S72, the system calculates the pre-processed data D' i Generate the corresponding hash value H(D′ i ): Among them, D′ i [j] represents data D′ i The jth element of , a, b, and c are constants, k is a weight factor, p is the modulus, Represents a bitwise exclusive OR operation; S73, the system generates a hash value H(D′ i ) to generate the signed data S(D′ i ): Where s is the signature key, d is the private key exponent, r is the random number, and N is the modulus. Represents a bitwise exclusive OR operation; S74, the system will sign the data S (D ' i ) is stored in the back-end database and transmitted to relevant nodes through the distributed network for verification and processing. The system maintains a record table in the back-end database containing the hash value H(D′) of the data. i ), signature value S(D′ i ) and timestamp T i ; S75. In the subsequent bid evaluation process, the system retrieves the hash value H(D′) in the record table. i ) and signature value S(D′ i ), verify the integrity and authenticity of the data: Among them, V(D′ i ) is the verification result, if V(D′ i ) and the original hash value H(D′) i ) are consistent, the verification passes and the data is considered complete and has not been tampered with.

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