Accounting method and system for greenhouse gas emission of colleges and universities

Abstract

The invention discloses an accounting method and system for greenhouse gas emission of colleges and universities, and relates to the technical field of greenhouse gas emission accounting. Comprising the following steps: determining an emission accounting boundary and an emission source; determining emission types and related emission factors; selecting a calculation method; data acquisition and arrangement; calculating the emission amount and the carbon compensation amount of each emission link; the accounting boundary comprises campus internal accounting content and campus external accounting content, and the campus internal accounting content comprises catering, paper printing, plant fertilizer, motor vehicle exhaust emission and carbon compensation amount; the campus external accounting content comprises water supply, power supply, heating power, gas consumption, sewage treatment and garbage treatment. According to the checking method, the checking accuracy and precision of greenhouse gas emission can be improved. Compared with the prior art and an accounting method, the new method can reduce errors and improve the authority of data acquisition and the accuracy of the accounting process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of greenhouse gas emission accounting, and in particular to a method and system for calculating greenhouse gas emissions in colleges and universities. Background Art

[0002] The existing technologies at home and abroad are mainly greenhouse gas emission accounting technologies based on traditional data collection and analysis methods. These technologies mainly rely on traditional data collection methods, such as manual recording, fixed monitoring points, etc., as well as data processing methods based on statistical analysis.

[0003] These existing technologies are essentially based on traditional data collection and analysis methods, and are used to calculate and monitor greenhouse gas emissions to meet the requirements of relevant policies and regulations such as environmental protection and carbon trading. In terms of effectiveness, these technologies can calculate and monitor greenhouse gas emissions to a certain extent, but there are certain deficiencies in accuracy, comprehensiveness, efficiency, etc.

[0004] Low accuracy: Traditional methods have certain errors in the process of data collection and analysis and cannot fully and accurately reflect greenhouse gas emissions.

[0005] Incomplete and unintegrated: Existing technologies are unable to fully consider various greenhouse gas emission factors and lack comprehensive accounting of emissions from different sources.

[0006] High cost and low resource utilization efficiency: Traditional methods require a lot of manpower and material resources in the process of data processing and analysis, which is costly and has low resource utilization efficiency.

[0007] Small scope of application: Existing greenhouse gas emission accounting methods are mainly applicable to the emission accounting of greenhouse gases in industrial and enterprise production processes. There is no corresponding statistical method for the emission accounting of greenhouse gases in the process of campus life in colleges and universities.

[0008] To this end, the present invention proposes a method and system for calculating greenhouse gas emissions in colleges and universities. Summary of the invention

[0009] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the shortcomings of the prior art and to propose a method and system for calculating greenhouse gas emissions in colleges and universities.

[0010] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0011] A method for calculating greenhouse gas emissions in colleges and universities, comprising the following steps:

[0012] S1: Determine the emission accounting boundary and emission sources;

[0013] S2: Determine emission types and related emission factors;

[0014] S3: Select calculation method;

[0015] S4: data collection and compilation;

[0016] S5: Calculate the emission and carbon compensation amount of each emission link;

[0017] S6: Calculate total emissions and assess emissions and absorption.

[0018] Preferably: the step S5 comprises the following steps:

[0019] S51: Calculate greenhouse gas emissions from purchased electricity: The calculation formula is as follows:

[0020]

[0021] Where E 电 The greenhouse gas emissions generated by the electricity production process corresponding to the purchased electricity consumption, in tons of carbon dioxide tCO2; AD 电 The unit of electricity used is megawatt-hour (MW·h); EF i is the annual average power supply emission factor of the regional power grid for greenhouse gas i, in tons of carbon dioxide / MWh tCO2 / MW·h; GWP i is the global warming potential of greenhouse gas i;

[0022] In the case that the power supply company cannot provide the emission factor, the formula is as follows:

[0023]

[0024] Where EF CO2 Indicates carbon dioxide emissions in tons of carbon dioxide tCO2; AD 电 The unit is megawatt-hour (MW·h); CC represents the average carbon content per unit calorific value of the fuel, gC / MWh; OF represents the average carbon oxidation rate of the fuel;

[0025] S52: Calculation of greenhouse gas emissions from purchased heat: The calculation formula used is as follows:

[0026]

[0027] Where E 热 The greenhouse gas emissions generated by the heat production process corresponding to the purchased heat, in tons of carbon dioxide tCO2; AD 电 The purchased heat value is expressed in megawatt-hours (MW·h); EF iis the heat emission factor of greenhouse gas i, in tons of carbon dioxide / MWh tCO2 / MW·h. This value can be provided by the heating company, or the default emission factor for stationary source combustion in the IPCC guidelines can be used to calculate the purchased heat; GWP i is the global warming potential of greenhouse gas i;

[0028] S53: Calculate the carbon dioxide emissions caused by gas combustion on campus: The calculation formula is as follows:

[0029] E 燃 =AD 燃 ·EF

[0030] Where: E 燃 is the greenhouse gas emissions from gas combustion in the target universities, in tons of carbon dioxide tCO2; AD 燃 is the activity data of gas fuel, in GJ; EF is the carbon dioxide emission factor of gas, in tonnes of carbon dioxide / GJ tCO2 / GJ;

[0031] S54: Calculate greenhouse gas emissions caused by campus transportation fuel consumption: The calculation formula is as follows:

[0032]

[0033] In the formula, E 车 is the total amount of greenhouse gases emitted by motor vehicles on campus, in kgCO2; AD j is the total fuel consumption of motor vehicles on campus, including gasoline and diesel, in kilograms (kg); EF i,j is the emission factor of greenhouse gas i produced by the combustion of fuel j, in kg / TJ; θ i is the net calorific value of fuel j, in TJ / Gg,

[0034] S55: Calculate greenhouse gas emissions from campus waste disposal: The calculation formula for greenhouse gas emissions from sanitary landfill is as follows:

[0035]

[0036] In the formula, E 填埋 is the greenhouse gas emissions generated during the landfill of domestic waste, in tons of carbon dioxide tCO2; N1 is the amount of domestic waste in the target campus that is landfilled after removal, in tons t; MCF is the CH4 correction factor for landfill, which is 1; DOC is the degradable organic carbon fraction, which is 20%; DOC F is the fraction of degradable biochar actually converted into CO2 and CH4, which is 50%; F is the proportion of CH4 in landfill gas, which is 50%; GWP CH4is the global warming potential of the greenhouse gas CH4;

[0037] The calculation formula for greenhouse gas emissions from the incineration of domestic waste is as follows:

[0038]

[0039] In the formula, E 焚烧 is the greenhouse gas emission generated during the incineration of domestic waste, in tons of carbon dioxide tCO2; N2 is the amount of domestic waste incinerated after collection and transportation in the target campus, in tons t; CF is the carbon content of the waste, which is 20%; FCF is the proportion of mineral carbon in the total carbon, which is 39%; EF1 is the combustion efficiency of the waste incinerator, which is 95%.

[0040] The carbon compensation for the incineration of CH4 recovered from landfilled domestic waste is calculated according to the formula:

[0041]

[0042] In the formula, E 发电 is the carbon supplement for CH4 incineration power generation, in terms of CO2, kg CO2; M is the CH4 recovery from landfill gas, kg; LHV CH4 is the calorific value of CH4, 50200 kJ / kg; η is the CH4 power generation efficiency, which is 0.22; EF2 is the carbon emission coefficient of electricity;

[0043] E 垃圾 =E 填埋 +E 焚烧 -E 耗电 ;

[0044] S56: Calculate greenhouse gas emissions from campus sewage treatment: The greenhouse gas accounting for sewage treatment includes electricity consumption of treatment facilities, CH4 produced by chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal and conversion, and N2O produced by total nitrogen (TN) removal and conversion;

[0045] E 污水 =E COD +E TN -E 耗电 ;

[0046] S57: Calculate greenhouse gas emissions from other emission processes: The formula is as follows:

[0047]

[0048] Where E 其他 is the greenhouse gas emissions generated in other emission processes, measured in CO2, tCO2; i is the type of emission activity, including water supply, food, meat, eggs, milk, vegetables, fruits, paper, printing, and fertilizer; ADi Refers to the activity intensity corresponding to the emission activity, and the unit value depends on the type of activity; EF i is the emission factor corresponding to the emission activity;

[0049] S58: Calculate the carbon offset of recyclables and vegetation: The calculation formula for recyclables is as follows:

[0050]

[0051] Where E 回收 The amount of carbon compensation provided for recyclables, measured in CO2, tCO2; i is the type of recyclables, including glass, paper, cans, plastic bottles, corrugated boxes, books, food and beverage packaging boxes; AD i Refers to the amount of recyclables of type i, t; EF i is the carbon compensation factor corresponding to recyclable material i;

[0052] The calculation formula for the carbon compensation provided by green vegetation is as follows:

[0053] E 植被 =(ΔC G -ΔC L )×3.67

[0054] In the formula, E 植被 is the annual carbon pool change of plantation biomass, that is, the amount of carbon fixed by carbon sink, kg CO2; ΔC G is the annual carbon stock increase caused by the growth of plantation biomass, kg C / year; ΔC L Annual carbon stock reduction caused by plantation biomass loss, kg C / year; 3.67 is the carbon to carbon dioxide conversion ratio;

[0055] The annual carbon stock increase caused by the growth of plantation biomass is calculated using the following formula:

[0056] ΔC G =A·G·CF

[0057] Where A is the area of ​​green vegetation in the target university, in hectares; G is the biomass growth of the plantation, in kg / hectare·year; CF is the carbon ratio of dry matter;

[0058] The biomass loss of plantation forest mainly considers the annual loss of organic soil drainage and the biomass loss caused by the removal of plantation forest. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0059] ΔC L =A·EF+H·CF

[0060] Where EF is the local soil carbon emission factor, in kg C / year; H is the annual artificial forest removal, that is, the amount of vegetation trimmed on campus each year, in kg / hectare / year.

[0061] In step S6, the total emissions are calculated using the formula E = E 电 +E 热 +E 燃 +E 车 +E 垃圾 +E 污水 +E 其他 -E 发电 -E 回收 -E 植被 , where: E is the total greenhouse gas emissions of the target university, measured in CO2, in tons of carbon dioxide tCO2; E 电 The greenhouse gas emissions generated by the electricity production process corresponding to the purchased electricity consumption, in tons of carbon dioxide tCO2; E 热 The greenhouse gas emissions generated by the heat production process corresponding to the purchased heat, in tons of carbon dioxide tCO2; E 燃 is the greenhouse gas emissions from gas combustion in the target universities, in tons of carbon dioxide tCO2; E 车 is the total amount of greenhouse gases emitted by motor vehicles on campus, in kilograms of carbon dioxide (kgCO2); E 垃圾 is the total greenhouse gas emissions from domestic waste disposal in the target universities, in tons of carbon dioxide tCO2; E 污水 is the total greenhouse gas emissions generated by wastewater treatment in target universities, in tons of carbon dioxide tCO2; E 其他 Greenhouse gas emissions generated in other emission processes are measured in CO2, tCO2; E 发电 Carbon supplement for CH4 incineration power generation is measured in CO2, kg CO2; E 回收 Carbon offset provided for recyclables in CO2, tCO2; E 植被 is the annual carbon pool change of plantation biomass, that is, the amount of carbon fixed by carbon sinks, kg CO2.

[0062] Preferably: in the step S53, AD 燃 =NCV FC, where AD is the activity data of gas fuel, in GJ; NCV is the average lower calorific value of gas fuel in the accounting and reporting year, in GJ per standard cubic meter / 10 4 Nm 3 FC is the net consumption of gas fuel in the accounting and reporting year, in standard cubic meters10 4 Nm 3 .

[0063] Preferably: in the step S53, In the formula: EF is the carbon dioxide emission factor of gas fuel, the unit is ton of carbon dioxide per gigajoule tCO2 / GJ; CC is the carbon content per unit calorific value of gas fuel, the unit is ton of carbon per gigajoule tC / GJ; OF is the carbon oxidation rate of gas fossil fuel, expressed in %; 44 / 12 is the ratio of the relative molecular mass of carbon dioxide to carbon.

[0064] Preferably, in the step S54, the total vehicle fuel consumption is indirectly calculated by the number of motor vehicles on campus and the average fuel consumption per kilometer, and the formula is as follows:

[0065]

[0066] In the formula, AD j is the total fuel consumption of motor vehicles on campus, including gasoline and diesel, in kilograms (kg); N j The total number of vehicles burning fuel j that pass through the target campus during the accounting and reporting year; G j F is the average number of kilometers traveled on campus by motor vehicles burning fuel j, in kilometers per vehicle; j It is the average fuel consumption per kilometer of a motor vehicle burning fuel j, in kg / km.

[0067] Preferably: in the step S56,

[0068] In the formula, E COD It is the greenhouse gas emission generated by removing COD in the sewage treatment process, which is measured in CO2, tCO2; COD 去除 is the amount of COD removed during sewage treatment, in mg / L; B0 is the coefficient of COD conversion to CH4, in CH4 / COD, 0.0078t·t -1 ; GWP CH4 is the global warming potential of the greenhouse gas CH4, which is 28.

[0069] Preferably: in the step S56,

[0070] In the formula, E TN It is the greenhouse gas emission generated by removing TN in the sewage treatment process, which is measured in CO2, tCO2; TN 去除 is the amount of COD removed during sewage treatment, in mg / L; B1 is the coefficient of TN conversion to N2O, in N2O / TN, 0.04t·t -1 ; GWP N2Ois the global warming potential of the greenhouse gas N2O, which is 310.

[0071] Preferably: in the step S56, E 耗电 , calculated through the S1 calculation process.

[0072] A system for calculating greenhouse gas emissions in colleges and universities, comprising:

[0073] A data acquisition module, which is used to collect data;

[0074] A data processing module processes the collected data;

[0075] A data output module, which outputs the processed results;

[0076] Data storage module, which stores data and results

[0077] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0078] 1. The accounting method of the present invention can improve the accuracy and precision of greenhouse gas emissions accounting. Compared with existing technologies and accounting methods, the new method can reduce errors, improve the authority of data acquisition and the accuracy of the accounting process.

[0079] 2. The present invention provides a comprehensive accounting system for greenhouse gas emissions on domestic university campuses. Compared with other greenhouse gas accounting methods for production units applicable to industrial enterprises, the data selection and calculation methods are more suitable for accounting within universities and are more professional and practical.

[0080] 3. The present invention can more comprehensively consider various greenhouse gas emission factors, including emissions from different sources within colleges and universities, emissions from different process links, etc., and adopt different calculation methods according to the emission types, so as to achieve a more comprehensive and integrated accounting of greenhouse gas emissions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0081] Figure 1 The present invention is a flowchart of a method for calculating greenhouse gas emissions in colleges and universities. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0082] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with specific implementation methods.

[0083] Embodiment 1:

[0084] A method for calculating greenhouse gas emissions in colleges and universities, comprising the following steps:

[0085] S1: Determine the emission accounting boundary and emission sources;

[0086] S2: Determine emission types and related emission factors;

[0087] S3: Select calculation method;

[0088] S4: data collection and compilation;

[0089] S5: Calculate the emission and carbon compensation amount of each emission link;

[0090] S6: Calculate total emissions and assess emissions and absorption.

[0091] In the step S1, the accounting boundary includes internal campus accounting content and external campus accounting content. The internal campus accounting content includes catering, paper printing, plant fertilizers, motor vehicle exhaust emissions, and carbon compensation. The external campus accounting content includes water supply, electricity, heat, gas consumption, sewage treatment, and garbage disposal.

[0092] In the steps S2 and S3, the greenhouse gas emission sources and types are determined, the greenhouse gas emission types are judged, the accounting method is selected and the emission factors are determined. The accounting methods are emission factor method and theoretical calculation method. The emission factors are determined by taking the emission factors or related parameter values ​​obtained by actual measurement, energy balance or material balance calculation in enterprises and industries, and then the emission factors provided in relevant guidelines or literature can be selected.

[0093] In the step S4, data is collected according to the determined emission sources. The data collected gives priority to data that can be directly monitored and measured, followed by data converted from the original data, and finally, data from similar processes or activities may be considered as substitutes.

[0094] In the step S5, the calculation content includes the greenhouse gas emissions from the activities of purchasing electricity, purchasing heat, gas consumption, water supply, motor vehicle fuel combustion, sewage treatment, garbage disposal, catering, paper printing, and plant fertilizers.

[0095] The S5 step includes the following steps:

[0096] S51: Calculate greenhouse gas emissions from purchased electricity: Considering that the production processes of power plants in different regions are different, the greenhouse gases produced are CO2 and CH4. Therefore, the greenhouse gas emissions from purchased electricity are the sum of the product of the electricity consumption within the university and the greenhouse gas emission factor. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0097]

[0098] Where E 电 The greenhouse gas emissions generated by the electricity production process corresponding to the purchased electricity consumption, in tons of carbon dioxide tCO2; AD 电The unit of electricity used is megawatt-hour (MW·h); EF i is the annual average power supply emission factor of the regional power grid for greenhouse gas i, in tons of carbon dioxide / MWh tCO2 / MW·h; GWP i is the global warming potential of greenhouse gas i, which can refer to the data provided by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change IPCC;

[0099] If the power supply company is unable to provide the emission factor, the greenhouse gas emission factor can also be replaced by the product of carbon content, carbon oxidation rate and carbon dioxide conversion factor 44 / 12, the formula is as follows:

[0100]

[0101] Where EF CO2 Indicates carbon dioxide emissions in tons of carbon dioxide tCO2; AD 电 The unit is megawatt-hour (MW·h); CC represents the average carbon content per unit calorific value of the fuel, gC / MWh; OF represents the average carbon oxidation rate of the fuel;

[0102] S52: Calculate greenhouse gas emissions from purchased heat: The greenhouse gases generated by heating companies include CO2, CH4, and N2O. The greenhouse gas emissions generated by purchased electricity are the product of the internal heat value of the university and the greenhouse gas emission factor. The calculation formula adopted is as follows:

[0103]

[0104] Where E 热 The greenhouse gas emissions generated by the heat production process corresponding to the purchased heat, in tons of carbon dioxide tCO2; AD 电 The purchased heat value is expressed in megawatt-hours (MW·h); EF i is the heat emission factor of greenhouse gas i, in tons of carbon dioxide / MWh tCO2 / MW·h. This value can be provided by the heating company, or the default emission factor for stationary source combustion in the IPCC guidelines can be used to calculate the purchased heat; GWP i is the global warming potential of greenhouse gas i, which can refer to the data provided by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change IPCC;

[0105] S53: Calculation of carbon dioxide emissions from gas combustion on campus: Greenhouse gas emissions from gas combustion are the carbon dioxide emissions from gas combustion in the accounting and reporting year of the university, using the following calculation formula:

[0106] E 燃 =AE 燃 ·EF

[0107] Where: E 燃 is the greenhouse gas emissions from gas combustion in the target universities, in tons of carbon dioxide tCO2; AD 燃 is the activity data of gas fuel, in GJ; EF is the carbon dioxide emission factor of gas, in tonnes of carbon dioxide / GJ tCO2 / GJ;

[0108] S54: Calculate greenhouse gas emissions caused by on-campus transportation fuel consumption: Fuel consumption for campus transportation in colleges and universities mainly comes from motor vehicles, which are classified by emission source into three categories: school-owned motor vehicle emissions, faculty and staff private motor vehicle emissions, and external motor vehicle emissions. Considering the availability and accuracy of data, the greenhouse gas emissions calculated in this article only refer to greenhouse gases emitted by motor vehicles on campus, excluding off-campus commuting. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0109]

[0110] In the formula, E 车 is the total amount of greenhouse gases emitted by motor vehicles on campus, in kgCO2; AD j is the total fuel consumption of motor vehicles on campus, including gasoline and diesel, in kilograms (kg); EF i,j is the emission factor of greenhouse gas i produced by the combustion of fuel j, in kg / TJ. The value can refer to the greenhouse gas emission factors provided in the IPCC Guidelines; θ i is the net calorific value of fuel j, in TJ / Gg, and the value can refer to the value provided by the IPCC guidelines;

[0111] S55: Calculate greenhouse gas emissions from campus waste treatment: Taking into account the different ways of waste treatment in different places, this part of the greenhouse gas emissions calculation mainly includes CH4 gas generated by landfill, CO2 gas generated by waste incineration, carbon compensation for recycled CH4 incineration power generation, and greenhouse gas emissions generated by electricity consumption during the treatment process of treatment facilities. The calculation formula for greenhouse gas generated by sanitary landfill is as follows:

[0112]

[0113] In the formula, E 填埋 is the greenhouse gas emissions generated during the landfill of domestic waste, in tons of carbon dioxide tCO2; N1 is the amount of domestic waste in the target campus that is landfilled after removal, in tons t; MCF is the CH4 correction factor for landfill, which is 1; DOC is the degradable organic carbon fraction, which is 20%; DOC F is the fraction of degradable biochar actually converted into CO2 and CH4, which is 50%; F is the proportion of CH4 in landfill gas, which is 50%; GWP CH4is the global warming potential of the greenhouse gas CH4;

[0114] The calculation formula for greenhouse gas emissions from the incineration of domestic waste is as follows:

[0115]

[0116] In the formula, E 焚烧 is the greenhouse gas emission generated during the incineration of domestic waste, in tons of carbon dioxide tCO2; N2 is the amount of domestic waste incinerated after collection and transportation in the target campus, in tons t; CF is the carbon content of the waste, which is 20%; FCF is the proportion of mineral carbon in the total carbon, which is 39%; EF1 is the combustion efficiency of the waste incinerator, which is 95%.

[0117] The carbon compensation for the incineration of CH4 recovered from landfilled domestic waste is calculated according to the formula:

[0118]

[0119] In the formula, E 发电 is the carbon supplement for CH4 incineration power generation, in CO2, kg CO2; M is the CH4 recovery from landfill gas, kg; LHV CH4 is the calorific value of CH4, 50200 kJ / kg; η is the CH4 power generation efficiency, which is 0.22; EF2 is the carbon emission coefficient of electricity, which can refer to the emission factor value EF used in formula S1, and the unit is tons of carbon dioxide / MWh tCO2 / MW·h;

[0120] E 垃圾 =E 填埋 +E 焚烧 -E 耗电 ;

[0121] S56: Calculate greenhouse gas emissions from campus sewage treatment: The greenhouse gas accounting for sewage treatment includes electricity consumption of treatment facilities, CH4 produced by chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal and conversion, and N2O produced by total nitrogen (TN) removal and conversion;

[0122] E 污水 =E COD +E TN -E 耗电 ;

[0123] S57: Calculate greenhouse gas emissions from other emission processes: Other emission processes in colleges and universities include water supply, catering, paper, printing, plant fertilizers and other processes. Since greenhouse gas emissions from such processes are implicit in the production process of products, they exceed the accounting boundary and are difficult to calculate theoretically. Therefore, the emission factor method is used for estimation. The formula is as follows:

[0124]

[0125] Where E 其他 is the greenhouse gas emissions generated in other emission processes, measured in CO2, tCO2; i is the type of emission activity, including water supply, food, meat, eggs, milk, vegetables, fruits, paper, printing, and fertilizer; AD i Refers to the activity intensity corresponding to the emission activity, and the unit value depends on the type of activity; EF i is the emission factor corresponding to the emission activity;

[0126] S58: Calculate the carbon compensation of recyclables and vegetation: The carbon compensation provided by the recycling of recyclables on campus can be calculated by the emission factor method; the carbon compensation provided by the carbon sequestration of green vegetation on campus is calculated using the biomass method recommended by the IPCC. The calculation formula for recyclables is as follows:

[0127]

[0128] Where E 回收 The amount of carbon compensation provided for recyclables, measured in CO2, tCO2; i is the type of recyclables, including glass, paper, cans, plastic bottles, corrugated boxes, books, food and beverage packaging boxes; AD i Refers to the amount of recyclables of type i, t; EF i is the carbon compensation factor corresponding to recyclable material i;

[0129] The calculation formula for the carbon compensation provided by green vegetation is as follows:

[0130] E 植被 =(ΔC G -ΔC L )×3.67

[0131] In the formula, E 植被 is the annual carbon pool change of plantation biomass, that is, the amount of carbon fixed by carbon sink, kg CO2; ΔC G is the annual carbon stock increase caused by the growth of plantation biomass, kg C / year; ΔC L Annual carbon stock reduction caused by plantation biomass loss, kg C / year; 3.67 is the carbon to carbon dioxide conversion ratio;

[0132] The annual carbon stock increase caused by the growth of plantation biomass is calculated using the following formula:

[0133] ΔC G =A·G·CF

[0134] Where A is the area of ​​green vegetation in the target university, in hectares; G is the biomass growth of the plantation, in kg / hectare·year; CF is the carbon ratio of dry matter;

[0135] The biomass loss of plantation forest mainly considers the annual loss of organic soil drainage and the biomass loss caused by the removal of plantation forest. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0136] ΔC L =A·EF+H·CF

[0137] Where EF is the local soil carbon emission factor, in kg C / year; H is the annual artificial forest removal, that is, the amount of vegetation trimmed on campus each year, in kg / hectare / year.

[0138] In step S6, the total emissions are calculated using the formula E = E 电 +E 热 +E 燃 +E 车 +E 垃圾 +E 污水 +E 其他 -E 发电 -E 回收 -E 植被 , where: E is the total greenhouse gas emissions of the target university, measured in CO2, in tons of carbon dioxide tCO2; E 电 The greenhouse gas emissions generated by the electricity production process corresponding to the purchased electricity consumption, in tons of carbon dioxide tCO2; E 热 The greenhouse gas emissions generated by the heat production process corresponding to the purchased heat, in tons of carbon dioxide tCO2; E 燃 is the greenhouse gas emissions from gas combustion in the target universities, in tons of carbon dioxide tCO2; E 车 is the total amount of greenhouse gases emitted by motor vehicles on campus, in kilograms of carbon dioxide (kgCO2); E 垃圾 is the total greenhouse gas emissions from domestic waste disposal in the target universities, in tons of carbon dioxide tCO2; E 污水 is the total greenhouse gas emissions generated by wastewater treatment in target universities, in tons of carbon dioxide tCO2; E 其他 Greenhouse gas emissions generated in other emission processes are measured in CO2, tCO2; E 发电 Carbon supplement for CH4 incineration power generation is measured in CO2, kg CO2; E 回收 Carbon offset provided for recyclables in CO2, tCO2; E 植被 is the annual carbon pool change of plantation biomass, that is, the amount of carbon fixed by carbon sinks, kg CO2.

[0139] In the step S53, AD燃 =NCV FC, where AD is the activity data of gas fuel, in GJ; NCV is the average lower calorific value of gas fuel in the accounting and reporting year, in GJ per standard cubic meter / 10 4 Nm 3 FC is the net consumption of gas fuel in the accounting and reporting year, in standard cubic meters10 4 Nm 3 .

[0140] In the step S53, In the formula: EF is the carbon dioxide emission factor of gas fuel, the unit is ton of carbon dioxide per gigajoule tCO2 / GJ; CC is the carbon content per unit calorific value of gas fuel, the unit is ton of carbon per gigajoule tC / GJ; OF is the carbon oxidation rate of gas fossil fuel, expressed in %; 44 / 12 is the ratio of the relative molecular mass of carbon dioxide to carbon.

[0141] In the step S54, the total vehicle fuel consumption is indirectly calculated by the number of motor vehicles on campus and the average fuel consumption per kilometer, and the formula is as follows:

[0142]

[0143] In the formula, AD j is the total fuel consumption of motor vehicles on campus, including gasoline and diesel, in kilograms (kg); N j The total number of vehicles burning fuel j that pass through the target campus during the accounting and reporting year; G j F is the average number of kilometers traveled on campus by motor vehicles burning fuel j, in kilometers per vehicle; j It is the average fuel consumption per kilometer of a motor vehicle burning fuel j, in kg / km.

[0144] In the step S56,

[0145] In the formula, E COD It is the greenhouse gas emission generated by removing COD in the sewage treatment process, which is measured in CO2, tCO2; COD 去除 is the amount of COD removed during sewage treatment, in mg / L; B0 is the coefficient of COD conversion to CH4, in CH4 / COD, 0.0078t·t -1 ; GWP CH4 is the global warming potential of greenhouse gas CH4, which is 28;

[0146] In the step S56,

[0147] In the formula, E TN It is the greenhouse gas emission generated by removing TN in the sewage treatment process, which is measured in CO2, tCO2; TN 去除 is the amount of COD removed during sewage treatment, in mg / L; B1 is the coefficient of TN conversion to N2O, in N2O / TN, 0.04t·t -1 ; GWP N2O is the global warming potential of the greenhouse gas N2O, which is 310;

[0148] In the step S56, E 耗电 , calculated through the S1 calculation process.

[0149] Embodiment 2:

[0150] A system for calculating greenhouse gas emissions in colleges and universities, comprising:

[0151] A data acquisition module, which is used to collect data;

[0152] A data processing module processes the collected data;

[0153] A data output module, which outputs the processed results;

[0154] The data storage module stores the data and results.

[0155] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for calculating greenhouse gas emissions from universities. It is characterized in that The following steps are involved: S1: Determine the emission accounting boundary and emission sources; S2: Determine emission types and related emission factors; S3: Select calculation method; S4: data collection and compilation; S5: Calculate the emission and carbon compensation amount of each emission link; S6: Calculate total emissions and assess emissions and absorption.

2. A method for calculating greenhouse gas emissions in colleges and universities according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The S5 step includes the following steps: S51: Calculate greenhouse gas emissions from purchased electricity: The calculation formula is as follows: Where E 电 The greenhouse gas emissions generated by the electricity production process corresponding to the purchased electricity consumption, in tons of carbon dioxide tCO 2 ;AD 电 The unit of electricity used is megawatt-hour (MW·h); EF i is the annual average power supply emission factor of the regional power grid for greenhouse gas i, in tons of carbon dioxide / MWh tCO 2 / MW·h; GWP i is the global warming potential of greenhouse gas i; In the case that the power supply company is unable to provide the emission factor, the formula is as follows: Where EF CO2 Indicates carbon dioxide emissions in tons of carbon dioxide tCO 2 ;AD 电 The unit is megawatt-hour (MW·h); CC represents the average carbon content per unit calorific value of the fuel, gC / MWh; OF represents the average carbon oxidation rate of the fuel; S52: Calculation of greenhouse gas emissions from purchased heat: The calculation formula used is as follows: Where E 热 The greenhouse gas emissions generated by the heat production process corresponding to the purchased heat, in tons of carbon dioxide tCO 2 ;AD 电 The purchased heat value is expressed in megawatt-hours (MW·h); EF i is the thermal emission factor of greenhouse gas i, in tons of carbon dioxide / MWh tCO 2 / MW·h, this value can be provided by the heating company, or the default emission factor for stationary source combustion in the IPCC guidelines can be used to calculate the purchased heat; GWP i is the global warming potential of greenhouse gas i; S53: Calculate the carbon dioxide emissions caused by gas combustion on campus: The calculation formula is as follows: E 燃 =AD 燃 ·EF Where: E 燃 is the greenhouse gas emissions from gas combustion in the target universities, in tons of carbon dioxide (tCO2) 2 ;AD 燃 is the activity data of gas fuel, in GJ; EF is the CO2 emission factor of gas, in tons of CO2 / GJ tCO 2 / GJ; S54: Calculate greenhouse gas emissions caused by campus transportation fuel consumption: The calculation formula is as follows: In the formula, E 车 is the total amount of greenhouse gases emitted by motor vehicles on campus, in kgCO 2 ;AD j is the total fuel consumption of motor vehicles on campus, including gasoline and diesel, in kilograms (kg); EF i,j is the emission factor of greenhouse gas i produced by the combustion of fuel j, in kg / TJ; θ i is the net calorific value of fuel j, in TJ / Gg, S55: Calculate greenhouse gas emissions from campus waste disposal: The calculation formula for greenhouse gas emissions from sanitary landfill is as follows: In the formula, E 填埋 Greenhouse gas emissions generated during the landfill of domestic waste, measured in tons of carbon dioxide (tCO) 2 ; N 1 is the amount of domestic waste in the target campus that is landfilled after collection, in tons; MCF is the CH 4 Correction factor, which is 1; DOC is the degradable organic carbon fraction, which is 20%; DOC F The degradable biochar is actually converted into CO 2 and CH 4 The fraction of CH in landfill gas is 50%; F is the fraction of CH in landfill gas 4 The proportion is 50%; GWP CH4 The greenhouse gas CH 4 of global warming potential; The calculation formula for greenhouse gas emissions from the incineration of domestic waste is as follows: In the formula, E 焚烧 Greenhouse gas emissions generated during the incineration of domestic waste, measured in tons of carbon dioxide tCO 2 ; N 2 is the amount of domestic waste incinerated after collection and transportation in the target campus, in tons; CF is the proportion of carbon content in the waste, which is 20%; FCF is the proportion of mineral carbon in the total carbon, which is 39%; EF 1 is the combustion efficiency of the waste incinerator, which is 95%. CH recycled from landfilled domestic waste 4 Carbon offsets for incineration power generation are calculated according to the formula: In the formula, E 发电 CH 4 Carbon offset for incineration power generation, in terms of CO 2 Calculated, kg CO 2 ; M is the landfill gas CH 4 Recovery amount, kg; LHV CH4 CH 4 The calorific value is 50200 kJ / kg; η is CH 4 Power generation efficiency, take 0.22; EF 2 is the carbon emission coefficient of electricity; AND 垃圾 =And 填埋 +E 焚烧 -AND 耗电 ; S56: Calculate greenhouse gas emissions from campus sewage treatment: The greenhouse gas accounting generated by sewage treatment includes the electricity consumption of treatment facilities, the CH403 produced by the removal and conversion of chemical oxygen demand (COD), and the 4 and total nitrogen TN removal and conversion to N 2 O; AND 污水 =And COD +E TN -AND 耗电 ; S57: Calculate greenhouse gas emissions from other emission processes: The formula is as follows: Where E 其他 is the greenhouse gas emissions generated in other emission processes, expressed in CO 2 tCO 2 ; i is the type of emission activity, including water supply, grain, meat, eggs, milk, vegetables, fruits, paper, printing, and fertilizer; AD i Refers to the activity intensity corresponding to the emission activity, and the unit value depends on the activity type; EF i is the emission factor corresponding to the emission activity; S58: Calculate the carbon offset of recyclables and vegetation: The calculation formula for recyclables is as follows: Where E 回收 The amount of carbon offset provided for recyclables, expressed as CO 2 tCO 2 ; i is the type of recyclables, including glass, paper, cans, plastic bottles, corrugated boxes, books, food and beverage packaging boxes; AD i Refers to the amount of recyclables of type i, t; EF i is the carbon compensation factor corresponding to recyclable material i; The calculation formula for the carbon compensation provided by green vegetation is as follows: E 植被 =(ΔC G -ΔC L )×3.67 In the formula, E 植被 is the annual carbon pool change of plantation biomass, that is, the amount of carbon fixed by carbon sinks, kg CO 2 ; ΔC G is the annual carbon stock increase caused by the growth of plantation biomass, kg C / year; ΔC L Annual carbon stock reduction caused by plantation biomass loss, kg C / year; 3.67 is the carbon to carbon dioxide conversion ratio; The annual carbon stock increase caused by the growth of plantation biomass is calculated using the following formula: ΔC G =A·G·CF Where A is the area of ​​green vegetation in the target university, in hectares; G is the biomass growth of the plantation, in kg / hectare·year; CF is the carbon ratio of dry matter; The biomass loss of plantation forest mainly considers the annual loss of organic soil drainage and the biomass loss caused by the removal of plantation forest. The calculation formula is as follows: ΔC L =A·EF+H·CF Where EF is the local soil carbon emission factor, in kg C / year; H is the annual artificial forest removal, that is, the amount of vegetation trimmed on campus each year, in kg / hectare / year. In step S6, the total emissions are calculated using the formula E = E 电 +E 热 +E 燃 +E 车 +E 垃圾 +E 污水 +E 其他 -E 发电 -E 回收 -E 植被 , where: E is the total greenhouse gas emissions of the target university, expressed in CO 2 The unit is tons of carbon dioxide tCO 2 ; E 电 The greenhouse gas emissions generated by the electricity production process corresponding to the purchased electricity consumption, in tons of carbon dioxide tCO 2 ; E 热 The greenhouse gas emissions generated by the heat production process corresponding to the purchased heat, in tons of carbon dioxide tCO 2 ; E 燃 is the greenhouse gas emissions from gas combustion in the target universities, in tons of carbon dioxide (tCO2) 2 ; E 车 is the total amount of greenhouse gases emitted by motor vehicles on campus, in kilograms of carbon dioxide (kgCO 2 ; E 垃圾 is the total greenhouse gas emissions from domestic waste disposal in target universities, in tons of carbon dioxide (tCO2) 2 ; E 污水 is the total greenhouse gas emissions from wastewater treatment in target universities, in tons of carbon dioxide (tCO2). 2 ; E 其他 Greenhouse gas emissions from other emission processes are expressed as CO 2 tCO 2 ; E 发电 CH 4 The carbon offset for incineration power generation is calculated as CO 2 Calculated, kg CO 2 ; E 回收 The amount of carbon offset provided for recyclables is expressed as CO 2 tCO 2 ; E 植被 is the annual carbon pool change of plantation biomass, that is, the amount of carbon fixed by carbon sinks, kg CO 2 .

3. A method for calculating greenhouse gas emissions in colleges and universities according to claim 2, It is characterized in that In the step S53, AD 燃 =NCV FC, where AD is the activity data of gas fuel, in GJ; NCV is the average lower calorific value of gas fuel in the accounting and reporting year, in GJ per standard cubic meter / 10 4 Nm 3 FC is the net consumption of gas fuel in the accounting and reporting year, in standard cubic meters10 4 Nm 3 .

4. A method for calculating greenhouse gas emissions in colleges and universities according to claim 2, It is characterized in that In the step S53, Where: EF is the carbon dioxide emission factor of gas fuel, in tons of carbon dioxide per gigajoule tCO 2 / GJ; CC is the carbon content per unit calorific value of gas fuel, expressed in tons of carbon per gigajoule tC / GJ; OF is the carbon oxidation rate of gas fossil fuel, expressed in %; 44 / 12 is the ratio of the relative molecular mass of carbon dioxide to carbon.

5. A method for calculating greenhouse gas emissions in colleges and universities according to claim 2, It is characterized in that In the step S54, the total vehicle fuel consumption is indirectly calculated by the number of motor vehicles on campus and the average fuel consumption per kilometer, and the formula is as follows: In the formula, AD j is the total fuel consumption of motor vehicles on campus, including gasoline and diesel, in kilograms (kg); N j The total number of vehicles burning fuel j that pass through the target campus during the accounting and reporting year; G j F is the average number of kilometers traveled on campus by motor vehicles burning fuel j, in kilometers per vehicle; j It is the average fuel consumption per kilometer of a motor vehicle burning fuel j, in kg / km.

6. A method for calculating greenhouse gas emissions in colleges and universities according to claim 2, It is characterized in that In the step S56, In the formula, E COD The greenhouse gas emissions generated by removing COD during sewage treatment, expressed as CO 2 tCO 2 ;COD 去除 B is the amount of COD removed during sewage treatment, in mg / L; 0 COD is converted into CH 4 The coefficient of CH 4 / COD, 0.0078t·t -1 ; GWP CH4 The greenhouse gas CH 4 The global warming potential value is 28.

7. A method for calculating greenhouse gas emissions in colleges and universities according to claim 2, It is characterized in that In the step S56, In the formula, E TN is the greenhouse gas emissions generated by removing TN during sewage treatment, expressed in CO 2 tCO 2 TN 去除 B is the amount of COD removed during sewage treatment, in mg / L; 1 Convert TN to N 2 The coefficient of O is expressed in N 2 O / TN, 0.04t·t -1 ; GWP N2O Greenhouse gas N 2 The global warming potential of O is 310.

8. A method for calculating greenhouse gas emissions in colleges and universities according to claim 2, It is characterized in that In the step S56, E 耗电 , calculated through the S1 calculation process.

9. A system for calculating greenhouse gas emissions from colleges and universities, which is used to implement the method for calculating greenhouse gas emissions from colleges and universities as described in any one of claims 1 to 8. It is characterized in that It includes: A data acquisition module, which is used to collect data; A data processing module processes the collected data; A data output module, which outputs the processed results; The data storage module stores the data and results.

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